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Chen C, Zou P, Wu X. Development and Validation of an Immune Prognostic Index Related to Infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells in Colorectal Cancer. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01237-z. [PMID: 39026041 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent cancer worldwide, but treatment outcomes can vary significantly among patients with similar clinical or historical stages. This study aimed to investigate the differences in immune cell abundance associated with malignant progression in CRC patients. We utilized data from patients with CRC obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas as our training set. To assess immune cell infiltration levels, an immune cell risk score (ICRS) was calculated. Furthermore, we performed network analysis to identify effective T cell-related genes (ETRGs) and subsequently constructed an effective T cell prognostic index (ETPI). The performance of the ETPI was evaluated through external validation using four Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. Additionally, a nomogram analysis and drug sensitivity analysis were conducted to explore the clinical utility of the ETRGs. We also examined the expression of ETRGs in clinical samples. Based on the ICRS, we identified activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as protective factors in terms of prognosis. Six ETRGs were identified to develop the ETPI, which exhibited remarkable prognostic performance. In the external validation of immunotherapy, the low ETPI group demonstrated a significantly lower recurrence rate. To optimize therapeutic strategies, we developed a nomogram. Notably, patients with different ETPI values exhibited varying responses to tumor pathway inhibitors. Finally, we observed higher protein expression of certain ETRGs in normal tissues compared to tumors. Our findings suggest that the ETPI may contribute to the precise selection of patients based on tumor microenvironment and key genomic landscape interactions, thereby optimizing drug benefits and informing clinical strategies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengru Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaobin Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong Province, China.
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Wang P, Luo Z, Luo C, Wang T. Application of a Comprehensive Model Based on CT Radiomics and Clinical Features for Postoperative Recurrence Risk Prediction in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Acad Radiol 2024; 31:2579-2590. [PMID: 38172022 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES We constructed a comprehensive model by combining the radiomics and clinical features of tumors to predict the recurrence risk of patients with operable stage IA-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our aim was to improve the accuracy of prognostic prediction and provide personalized treatment plans to enhance patient outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 152 surgically treated patients with pathologically confirmed stage IA-IIIA NSCLC. These patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a test cohort in an 8:2 ratio. Using the 3D Slicer image computing platform, we manually delineated the regions of interest (ROI) for all lesions and extracted radiomics features using Python. We used the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to select the radiomics features, while the COX multivariate regression model was employed to identify independent clinical risk factors for recurrence. Finally, we utilized logistic regression (LR) to build the model and validated it using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The predictive performance of the model was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), and the clinical value of the model was compared through decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS We extracted a total of 1562 radiomics features. After feature selection, we retained 29 features. The COX multivariate regression model demonstrated that the N stage was an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence. In the training and test cohorts, the area under the curve (AUC) values of the radiomics-clinical comprehensive model were 0.972 and 0.937, respectively, while the C-index values were 0.815 and 0.847. These values surpassed those of the standalone clinical model or radiomics model. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that a comprehensive model based on CT radiomics and clinical features can effectively stratify the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients with operable NSCLC. It provides a powerful tool for accurately stratifying the risk of high-risk patients after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhilin Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chengwen Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tianhu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
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Lee JH, Choi Y, Hong H, Kim YT, Goo JM, Kim H. Prognostic value of CT-defined ground-glass opacity in early-stage lung adenocarcinomas: a single-center study and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:1905-1920. [PMID: 37650971 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prognostic value of ground-glass opacity at preoperative chest CT scans in early-stage lung adenocarcinomas is a matter of debate. We aimed to clarify the existing evidence through a single-center, retrospective cohort study and to quantitatively summarize the body of literature by conducting a meta-analysis. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study, patients with clinical stage I lung adenocarcinoma were identified, and the prognostic value of ground-glass opacity was analyzed using multivariable Cox regression. Commercial artificial intelligence software was adopted as the second reader for the presence of ground-glass opacity. The primary end points were freedom from recurrence (FFR) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS). In a meta-analysis, we systematically searched Embase and OVID-MEDLINE up to December 30, 2021, for the studies based on the eighth-edition staging system. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) of solid nodules (i.e., absence of ground-glass opacity) for various end points were calculated with a multi-level random effects model. RESULTS In a cohort of 612 patients, solid nodules were associated with worse outcomes for FFR (adjusted HR, 1.98; 95% CI: 1.17-3.51; p = 0.01) and LCSS (adjusted HR, 1.937; 95% CI: 1.002-4.065; p = 0.049). The artificial intelligence assessment and multiple sensitivity analyses revealed consistent results. The meta-analysis included 13 studies with 12,080 patients. The pooled HR of solid nodules was 2.13 (95% CI: 1.69-2.67; I2 = 30.4%) for overall survival, 2.45 (95% CI: 1.52-3.95; I2 = 0.0%) for FFR, and 2.50 (95% CI: 1.28-4.91; I2 = 30.6%) for recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSIONS The absence of ground-glass opacity in early-stage lung adenocarcinomas is associated with worse postoperative survival. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Early-stage lung adenocarcinomas manifesting as solid nodules at preoperative chest CT, which indicates the absence of ground-glass opacity, were associated with poor postoperative survival. There is room for improvement of the clinical T categorization in the next edition staging system. KEY POINTS • In a retrospective study of 612 patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma, solid nodules were associated with shorter freedom from recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; p = 0.01) and lung cancer-specific survival (adjusted HR, 1.937; p = 0.049). • Artificial intelligence-assessed solid nodules also showed worse prognosis (adjusted HR for freedom from recurrence, 1.94 [p = 0.01]; adjusted HR for lung cancer-specific survival, 1.93 [p = 0.04]). • In meta-analyses, the solid nodules were associated with shorter freedom from recurrence (HR, 2.45) and shorter overall survival (HR, 2.13).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Yunhee Choi
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Hyunsook Hong
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Jin Mo Goo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
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Wang RR, Li MJ, Peng Q, Huang ZY, Wu LL, Xie D. Validation of the 9th edition of the TNM staging system for non-small cell lung cancer with lobectomy in stage IA-IIIA. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 65:ezae071. [PMID: 38426334 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 9th edition of tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) staging for lung cancer was announced by Prof Hisao Asamura at the 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer in Singapore. The purpose of this study was to externally validate and compare the latest staging of lung cancer. METHODS We collected 19 193 patients with stage IA-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent lobectomy from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Survival analysis by TNM stages was compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and further analysed using univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess model accuracy, Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion and consistency index were used to compare the prognostic, predictive ability between the current 8th and 9th edition TNM classification. RESULTS The 9th edition of the TNM staging system can better distinguish between IB and IIA patients on the survival curve (P < 0.0001). In both univariable and multivariable regression analysis, the 9th edition of the TNM staging system can differentiate any 2 adjacent staging patients more evenly than the 8th edition. The 9th and the 8th edition TNM staging have similar predictive power and accuracy for the overall survival of patients with NSCLC [TNM 9th vs 8th, area under the curve: 62.4 vs 62.3; Akaike information criterion: 166 182.1 vs 166 131.6; Bayesian information criterion: 166 324.3 vs 166 273.8 and consistency index: 0.650 (0.003) vs 0.651(0.003)]. CONCLUSIONS Our external validation demonstrates that the 9th edition of TNM staging for NSCLC is reasonable and valid. The 9th edition of TNM staging for NSCLC has near-identical prognostic accuracy to the 8th edition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rang-Rang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Jun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Peng
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Ye Huang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lei-Lei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Irqsusi M, Ghazy T, Vogt S, Mirow N, Kirschbaum A. T4 Lung Carcinoma with Infiltration of the Thoracic Aorta: Indication and Surgical Procedure. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4847. [PMID: 37835540 PMCID: PMC10572069 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung carcinomas infiltrate the aorta mostly on the left side and are altogether rare. As an initial step, complete staging is performed and the results are evaluated in an interdisciplinary tumor board. If the patient's general condition including cardiopulmonary reserves is sufficient, and if there is neither distant metastasis nor an N2 situation, surgical resection may be indicated. The option for neoadjuvant chemotherapy should always be taken into consideration. Depending on the anatomic tumor location, partial lung resection and resection of the affected aortic wall are performed employing a cardiopulmonary bypass. The resected aortic wall is replaced by a vascular prosthesis. In recent years, this proven procedure has partly been replaced by an alternative one, avoiding extracorporeal circulation. An endoaortic stent is implanted in the affected area followed by partial lung resection and resection of the diseased aortic wall. This new procedure has significantly reduced perioperative mortality and morbidity. With proper patient selection, long-term survival can be improved even in this complex malignoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Irqsusi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg (UKGM), 35043 Marburg, Germany; (M.I.); (T.G.); (S.V.); (N.M.)
| | - Tamer Ghazy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg (UKGM), 35043 Marburg, Germany; (M.I.); (T.G.); (S.V.); (N.M.)
| | - Sebastian Vogt
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg (UKGM), 35043 Marburg, Germany; (M.I.); (T.G.); (S.V.); (N.M.)
| | - Nikolas Mirow
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg (UKGM), 35043 Marburg, Germany; (M.I.); (T.G.); (S.V.); (N.M.)
| | - Andreas Kirschbaum
- Department of Visceral-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg (UKGM), 35043 Marburg, Germany
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Li C, Wirth U, Schardey J, Ehrlich-Treuenstätt VV, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. An immune-related gene prognostic index for predicting prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1156488. [PMID: 37483596 PMCID: PMC10358773 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1156488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common solid malignant burdens worldwide. Cancer immunology and immunotherapy have become fundamental areas in CRC research and treatment. Currently, the method of generating Immune-Related Gene Prognostic Indices (IRGPIs) has been found to predict patient prognosis as an immune-related prognostic biomarker in a variety of tumors. However, their role in patients with CRC remains mostly unknown. Therefore, we aimed to establish an IRGPI for prognosis evaluation in CRC. Methods RNA-sequencing data and clinical information of CRC patients were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases as training and validation sets, respectively. Immune-related gene data was obtained from the ImmPort and InnateDB databases. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify hub immune-related genes. An IRGPI was then constructed using Cox regression methods. Based on the median risk score of IRGPI, patients could be divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. To further investigate the immunologic differences, Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) studies were conducted. In addition, immune cell infiltration and related functional analysis were used to identify the differential immune cell subsets and related functional pathways. Results We identified 49 immune-related genes associated with the prognosis of CRC, 17 of which were selected for an IRGPI. The IRGPI model significantly differentiates the survival rates of CRC patients in the different groups. The IRGPI as an independent prognostic factor significantly correlates with clinico-pathological factors such as age and tumor stage. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram to improve the clinical utility of the IRGPI score. Immuno-correlation analysis in different IRGPI groups revealed distinct immune cell infiltration (CD4+ T cells resting memory) and associated pathways (macrophages, Type I IFNs responses, iDCs.), providing new insights into the tumor microenvironment. At last, drug sensitivity analysis revealed that the high-risk IRGPI group was sensitive to 11 and resistant to 15 drugs. Conclusion Our study established a promising immune-related risk model for predicting survival in CRC patients. This could help to better understand the correlation between immunity and the prognosis of CRC providing a new perspective for personalized treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Schardey
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
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[Review for N2 Sub-staging in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:870-876. [PMID: 36617473 PMCID: PMC9845093 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.101.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Patients with N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were heterogeneous groups and required further stratification. The International Society for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) divided N2 into three sub-stages: N2 at a single station without N1 involvement (N2a1), N2 at a single station with N1 involvement (N2a2), and N2 at multiple stations (N2b). These new descriptors significantly distinguished the overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence pattern of patients with different N2 sub-stages. The OS and DFS of N2a1 were not sufficiently distinguished from N1 at multiple stations (N1b). The OS and DFS of N2a2 were intermediate between those of N2a1 and N2b. Current evidence did not support the further subdivision of the N2b. The main recurrence pattern of N2a1, N2a2 and N2b were distant metastasis, and the risks of distant metastasis increased successively. N2a1 patients were at low risk of locoregional recurrence, which could not be reduced by postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). N2a2 and N2b patients had a similar higher risk of locoregional recurrence, which could be reduced to a similar level of N2a1 patients by PORT.
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Liu Y, Sun M, Xiong Y, Gu X, Zhang K, Liu L. Construction and Validation of Prognosis Nomogram for Metastatic Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221132035. [PMID: 36217877 PMCID: PMC9558863 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221132035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict overall
survival in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients with metastasis for clinical
decision-making. Methods: We investigated lung squamous cell
carcinoma patients diagnosed with stage M1 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology,
and Final Results database between 2010 and 2015. They were divided into
training cohort and validation cohort. In the training cohort, statistically
significant prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate
Cox regression analysis, and an individualized nomogram model was developed. The
model was evaluated by C-index, area under the curve, calibration plot, decision
curve analysis, and risk group stratification. Results: In total,
9910 patients were included in our study, including 6937 in the training cohort
and 2937 in the validation cohort. Factors containing age, T stage, N stage,
bone metastasis, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, surgery, chemotherapy, and
radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for overall survival and were
used in the construction of the nomogram. The C-index in the training cohort and
validation cohort were 0.711 (95% confidenc interval: 0.705-0.717) and 0.707
(95% confidenc interval: 0.697-0.717), respectively. The time-dependent area
under the curve of both groups was higher than 0.7 within 5 years. Calibration
plots indicated that the nomogram-predicted survival was consistent with the
recorded 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year prognoses. Furthermore, decision curve
analysis revealed that the nomogram was clinically useful and had a better
discriminative ability to recognize patients at high risk than the TNM
criteria-based tumor staging. And then we developed an overall survival risk
classification system based on the nomogram total points for each patient, which
divided all patients into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Finally, we
implemented this nomogram in a free online tool. Conclusion: We
constructed a nomogram and a corresponding risk classification system predicting
the overall survival of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients with metastasis.
These tools can assist in patients’ counseling and guide treatment
decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Sun
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Kai Zhang, Cancer Center, Union Hospital,
Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
430022, China. Li Liu, Cancer Center,
Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and
Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Matrix Metalloproteinases and Stress Hormones in Lung Cancer Progression. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:5349691. [PMID: 36213817 PMCID: PMC9536982 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5349691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and psychological stress are associated with poor cancer prognosis. The current work goal was to determine MMPs' and stress hormones' blood concentrations from lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) patients. Patients were divided into the following groups: tobacco smokers (TS), wood smoke-exposed (W), passive smokers (PS), TS exposed to wood smoke (TW), and patients with no recognizable risk factor (N). MMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol blood concentrations were measured by ELISA. Zymography and Western blot assays were performed to determine MMP-2 and MMP-9 active and latent forms. MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 blood concentrations, and MMP-9 gelatinase activity were augmented, while MMP-12, MMP-14, and TIMP-2 were diminished in LAC patients. Cortisol was increased in LAC samples. Adrenaline concentrations were higher in W, TS, and TW, and noradrenaline was increased in W and N groups. Positive correlations were observed among cortisol and TIMP-1 (rs = 0.392) and TIMP-2 (rs = 0.409) in the W group and between noradrenaline and MMP-2 (rs = 0.391) in the N group. MMPs' blood concentration increments can be considered as lung cancer progression markers. Although stress hormones were also augmented, only weak correlations were observed between them and MMPs and TIMPs.
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Wang Q, Wang S, Sun Z, Cao M, Zhao X. Evaluation of log odds of positive lymph nodes in predicting the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy and surgery: a SEER cohort-based study. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:801. [PMID: 35858848 PMCID: PMC9297565 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09908-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) is a novel lymph node (LN) descriptor that demonstrates promising prognostic value in many tumors. However, there is limited information regarding LODDS in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially those receiving neoadjuvant therapy followed by lung surgery. Methods A total of 2059 patients with NSCLC who received neoadjuvant therapy and surgery were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We used the X-tile software to calculate the LODDS cutoff value. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to compare predictive values of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) N staging descriptor and LODDS. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses were conducted to construct a model for predicting prognosis. Results According to the survival analysis, LODDS had better differentiating ability than the N staging descriptor (log-rank test, P < 0.0001 vs. P = 0.031). The ROC curve demonstrated that the AUC of LODDS was significantly higher than that of the N staging descriptor in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival analyses (all P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that LODDS was an independent risk factor for patients with NSCLC receiving neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery both before and after IPTW (all P < 0.001). A clinicopathological model with LODDS, age, sex, T stage, and radiotherapy could better predict prognosis. Conclusions Compared with the AJCC N staging descriptor, LODDS exhibited better predictive ability for patients with NSCLC receiving neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery. A multivariate clinicopathological model with LODDS demonstrated a sound performance in predicting prognosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09908-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Suyu Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhiyong Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Arnouk S, De Groof TW, Van Ginderachter JA. Imaging and therapeutic targeting of the tumor immune microenvironment with biologics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 184:114239. [PMID: 35351469 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The important role of tumor microenvironmental elements in determining tumor progression and metastasis has been firmly established. In particular, the presence and activity profile of tumor-infiltrating immune cells may be associated with the outcome of the disease and may predict responsiveness to (immuno)therapy. Indeed, while some immune cell types, such as macrophages, support cancer cell outgrowth and mediate therapy resistance, the presence of activated CD8+ T cells is usually indicative of a better prognosis. It is therefore of the utmost interest to obtain a full picture of the immune infiltrate in tumors, either as a prognostic test, as a way to stratify patients to maximize therapeutic success, or as therapy follow-up. Hence, the non-invasive imaging of these cells is highly warranted, with biologics being prime candidates to achieve this goal.
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12
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Otake S, Goto T, Higuchi R, Nakagomi T, Hirotsu Y, Amemiya K, Oyama T, Mochizuki H, Omata M. The Diagnostic Utility of Cell-Free DNA from Ex Vivo Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071764. [PMID: 35406535 PMCID: PMC8996852 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study aims to detect cell-free DNA released from lung cancer cells into the airway using the ex vivo BAL model of our own establishing. We finally demonstrated that cell-free DNA released from lung cancer cells is more abundant in the airway than in the blood, and the efficient collection of cell-free DNA derived from lung cancer in the airway by BAL and its genomic analysis could allow the accurate diagnosis of lung cancer. We believe that this approach will possibly make a breakthrough in the currently unsatisfactory diagnostic yield for lung cancer, since it is a new and constitutive diagnostic focusing on the gene mutations of lung cancer and their release into the airway in the form of cell-free DNA. Abstract Although bronchoscopy is generally performed to diagnose lung cancer, its diagnostic yield remains unsatisfactory. Assuming that lung cancer cells release cell-free DNA into the epithelial lining fluid, we hypothesized that lung cancer could be diagnosed by analyzing gene mutations in cell-free DNA in this fluid. This study included 32 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgery at our hospital. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on the resected lung samples (ex vivo BAL model) after lobectomy. Each DNA sample (i.e., BAL fluid, primary lesion, and plasma) underwent deep targeted sequencing. Gene mutation analyses in the BAL fluid samples identified mutations identical to those in the primary lesions in 30 (93.8%) of 32 patients. In contrast, the microscopic cytology of the same BAL fluid samples yielded a diagnosis of lung cancer in only one of 32 patients, and the analysis of plasma samples revealed gene mutations identical to those in the primary lesions in only one of 32 patients. In conclusion, cell-free DNA released from lung cancer cells exists more abundantly in the airway than in the blood. The collection and analysis of the BAL fluid containing cell-free DNA derived from lung cancer can thus allow lung cancer diagnosis and the screening of driver mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotaro Otake
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (S.O.); (R.H.); (T.N.)
| | - Taichiro Goto
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (S.O.); (R.H.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-55-253-71111
| | - Rumi Higuchi
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (S.O.); (R.H.); (T.N.)
| | - Takahiro Nakagomi
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (S.O.); (R.H.); (T.N.)
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (H.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Kenji Amemiya
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (H.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Toshio Oyama
- Department of Pathology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan;
| | - Hitoshi Mochizuki
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (H.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Masao Omata
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (H.M.); (M.O.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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13
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Saygideger Y, Avci A, Bagir E, Saygıdeğer Demir B, Sezan A, Ekici M, Baydar O, Erkin ÖC. Slug and Vimentin downregulation at the metastatic site is associated with Skip-N2 metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:7. [PMID: 35201505 PMCID: PMC8783939 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung cancer displays heterogeneity both in the tumor itself and in its metastatic regions. One interesting behavior of the tumor is known as Skip N2 metastasis, which N2 lymph nodes contain tumor cells while N1 are clean. In this study, mRNA levels of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) related genes in skip N2 and normal N2 involvements of non-small cell lung cancer tissues were investigated to evaluate the possible molecular background that may contribute to the pathogenesis of Skip N2 metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-three surgically resected and paraffin embedded lymph node samples of lung cancer patients were analyzed in this study, which 40 of them were Skip N2. N2 tissues were sampled from 50% tumor containing areas and total RNA was extracted. mRNA levels for 18S, E-cadherin, Vimentin, ZEB1 and SLUG were analyzed via qPCR and E-cadherin and vimentin protein levels via immunohistochemistry (IHC). Bioinformatic analysis were adopted using online datasets to evaluate significantly co-expressed genes with SLUG in lung cancer tissue samples. RESULTS Skip-N2 patients who had adenocarcinoma subtype had better survival rates. Comparative analysis of PCR results indicated that Skip N2 tumor tissues had increased E-Cadherin/Vimentin ratio and ZEB1 mRNA expression, and significantly decreased levels of SLUG. E-cadherin IHC staining were higher in Skip N2 and Vimentin were in Non-Skip N2. TP63 had a strong correlation with SLUG expression in the bioinformatics analyses. CONCLUSION The results indicate that, at molecular level, Skip N2 pathogenesis has different molecular background and regulation of SLUG expression may orchestrate the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Saygideger
- Department of Pulmonary, Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey.
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Translational Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Alper Avci
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Emine Bagir
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Burcu Saygıdeğer Demir
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Aycan Sezan
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mucahit Ekici
- Department of Pulmonary, Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Oya Baydar
- Department of Pulmonary, Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Özgür Cem Erkin
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey
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14
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HATTORI ARITOSHI, SUZUKI KENJI. Latest Clinical Evidence and Operative Strategy for Small-Sized Lung Cancers. JUNTENDO IJI ZASSHI = JUNTENDO MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 68:52-59. [PMID: 38911012 PMCID: PMC11189789 DOI: 10.14789/jmj.jmj21-0030-ot] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Many thoracic surgeons revealed that consolidation tumor ratio or solid component size on thin-section computed tomography has been considered more prognostic than maximum tumor size in non-small cell lung cancer (NCSLC). According to the results, the 8th TNM classification drastically changed the staging system, i.e., clinical T category was determined based on the invasive or solid component size excluding a ground-glass opacity (GGO). However, several debates are arising over the application of radiological solid size for the clinical T staging. Meanwhile, recent several institutional reports have noticed a significantly simple fact that the presence of a GGO denotes an influence on the favorable prognosis of NSCLC. More important, radiologic pure-solid lung cancers without a GGO exhibit more malignant behaviors with regard to both the clinical and pathological aspects, and show several histologic types that have a poorer prognosis than radiologic part-solid lung cancer. In contrast, favorable prognostic impact of the presence of a GGO component was demonstrated, which was irrespective of the solid component size in cases in which the tumor showed a GGO component. Recently, this concept has been gradually noticed on a nationwide level. Obvious distinctions regarding the several baseline characteristics between the tumor with/without GGO component is a fundamental biological feature of early-stage lung cancer, which would result in a big difference in prognosis, modes of recurrence, overall behavior, and appropriate operative strategies. As a future perspective, the presence or absence of a GGO should be considered as an important parameter in the next clinical T classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- ARITOSHI HATTORI
- Corresponding author: Aritoshi Hattori, Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine 1-3, Hongo 3-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan, TEL: +81-3-3813-3111 FAX: +81-3-5800-0281 E-mail:
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15
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Nakao M, Oikado K, Sato Y, Hashimoto K, Ichinose J, Matsuura Y, Okumura S, Ninomiya H, Mun M. Prognostic stratification according to size and dominance of radiologic solid component in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. JTO Clin Res Rep 2022; 3:100279. [PMID: 35199054 PMCID: PMC8844299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2022.100279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although several studies have investigated the prognostic significance of the radiographic appearance of stage IA lung adenocarcinoma, the prognostic impact of solid component size or consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR) of part-solid nodules (PSNs) still remains controversial. This study aimed to clarify the combined prognostic impact of the mentioned radiographic features of PSNs and compare it with that of pure solid nodules in the current TNM classification. Methods We retrospectively investigated 1014 patients with clinical stage IA (TNM eighth edition) adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection. Overall survival (OS) and pathologic characteristics of pure solid nodules, solid-dominant PSNs (CTR > 0.5), and ground-glass opacity (GGO)-dominant PSNs (CTR ≤ 0.5) were compared according to T category. Results Patients with pure solid nodules (297 cases) had significantly shorter OS compared with those with PSNs (717 cases) (p < 0.001) but a marginal difference compared with those with solid-dominant PSNs (286 cases) (p = 0.051). No significant difference in OS was found according to T category in those with GGO-dominant PSNs (431 cases). Patients with cT1b and T1c solid-dominant PSNs had significantly worse prognosis compared with those with other PSNs and had comparable prognosis with those with cT1b pure solid nodules (p = 0.892). Higher frequency of nodal and lymphovascular involvement and pathologic upstaging was observed with T category progression in solid-dominant PSNs. Conclusions An hierarchy of prognosis and pathologic malignant characteristics was observed according to T category in patients with solid-dominant PSNs but not in those with GGO-dominant PSNs, suggesting the importance of classifying PSNs on the basis of solid component size and CTR for accurate prognostic comparison with pure solid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nakao
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Corresponding author. Address for correspondence: Masayuki Nakao, MD, PhD, Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-10-6 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Katsunori Oikado
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Sato
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Hashimoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Ichinose
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsuura
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakae Okumura
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Ninomiya
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Cancer Institute, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mingyon Mun
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, The Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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Losmanova T, Zens P, Scherz A, Schmid RA, Tschan MP, Berezowska S. Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Markers LAMP2A and HSPA8 in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer after Neoadjuvant Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102731. [PMID: 34685711 PMCID: PMC8534862 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years autophagy has attracted the attention of researchers from many medical fields, including cancer research, and certain anti-macroautophagy drugs in combination with cytotoxic or targeted therapies have entered clinical trials. In the present study, we focused on a less explored subtype of autophagy, i.e., chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), with the key proteins LAMP2A and HSPA8 (HSC70), and their immunohistochemical evaluation with previously extensively validated antibodies. We were interested in whether the marker expression is influenced by the antecedent therapy, and its correlation with survival on a cohort of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after neoadjuvant therapy and matched primary resected tumors. In concordance with our previous study, we did not find any intratumoral heterogeneity, nor correlation between the two parameters, nor correlation between the markers and any included pathological parameters. Surprisingly, the expression of both markers was also independent to tumor response or administered neoadjuvant treatment. In the survival analysis, the results were only significant for LAMP2A, where higher levels were associated with longer 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival for the mixed group of adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0019 respectively) as well as the squamous cell carcinoma subgroup (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0001 respectively). LAMP2A was also an independent prognostic marker in univariate and multivariate analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Losmanova
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.L.); (P.Z.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Philipp Zens
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.L.); (P.Z.); (M.P.T.)
- Graduate School for Health Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Amina Scherz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Ralph A. Schmid
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Mario P. Tschan
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.L.); (P.Z.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Sabina Berezowska
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (T.L.); (P.Z.); (M.P.T.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-(0)21-314-72-11
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17
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Liu M, Yang J, Wan L, Zhao R. Elevated Pretreatment Fibrinogen-to-Lymphocyte Percentage Ratio Predict Tumor Staging and Poor Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Chemotherapy or Surgery Combined with Chemotherapy. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:4921-4933. [PMID: 34188545 PMCID: PMC8232845 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s308659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of our study was to assess the association between lymphocyte percentage (LY%), fibrinogen (FIB), fibrinogen-to-lymphocyte percentage ratio (FLR) and the tumor staging and the clinical outcome role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with chemotherapy or surgery combined with chemotherapy. Patients and Methods Between August 2013 and October 2020, 375 patients initially diagnosed with NSCLC and 201 healthy subjects were enrolled in the retrospective study. The concentrations of LY%, FIB, and FLR were compared between the case group and the control group by using the Mann–Whitney U-test or Kruskal–Wallis test, and then these biomarkers were compared in terms of the tumor category and PTNM stage of the test group, etc. The cutoffs of LY%, FIB, and FLR were determined using X-tile software. The prognostic roles of LY%, FIB, and FLR were identified by the Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox regression model. The biological markers on overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results The study showed that the concentration levels of LY%, FIB, and FLR in the stage III–IV group were significant difference from those in the stage I–II group (P<0.001), indicating that three biomarkers (LY%, FIB, and FLR) were significantly correlated with tumor staging. Pretreatment high FIB and FLR and low LY% indicated an increased risk of death in NSCLC patients. Also, it was found that the clinical outcome of low FLR patients with chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with surgery was superior to high FLR patients. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that FLR could be used to predict NSCLC staging and was an independent prognosis factor within NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lagen Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
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Zhu H, Zhou L, Guo Y, Yang G, Dong Q, Zhang Z, Chen M, Yang Q. Factors for incidence risk and prognosis in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with synchronous brain metastasis: a population-based study. Future Oncol 2021; 17:2461-2473. [PMID: 33706557 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to investigate the epidemiology of synchronous brain metastasis (SBM) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to identify the related factors of SBM incidence and cancer-specific survival (CSS). A nomogram for predicting CSS was developed and validated. Results: The incidence of SBM in NSCLC patients was 12.58%. The median CSS was 5 months. Patients with younger age, female gender, and adenocarcinoma had higher odd ratios for developing SBM. In addition, a nomogram was developed based on significant factors from Cox regression. The validation of the nomogram showed that it had good calibration and discrimination. Conclusions: SBM was highly prevalent in NSCLC patients, who also had poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou Cancer Center, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, 310000, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Basic Knowledge, Guiyang Nursing Vocational College, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Guangrong Yang
- Department of Oncology, Qijiang Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Qijiang, 401420, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of General Medicine, Qijiang Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Qijiang, 401420, China
| | - Zhijia Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Mingjing Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The 941st Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Xining, 810007, China
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A highly expressed mRNA signature for predicting survival in patients with stage I/II non-small-cell lung cancer after operation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5855. [PMID: 33712694 PMCID: PMC7955117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers that predict the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. In this study,we aim to find out mRNA signature closely related to the prognosis of NSCLC by new algorithm of bioinformatics. Identification of highly expressed mRNA in stage I/II patients with NSCLC was performed with the “Limma” package of R software. Survival analysis of patients with different mRNA expression levels was subsequently calculated by Cox regression analysis, and a multi-RNA signature was obtained by using the training set. Kaplan–Meier estimator, log-rank test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyse the predictive ability of the multi-RNA signature. RT-PCR used to verify the expression of the multi-RNA signature, and Westernblot used to verify the expression of proteins related to the multi-RNA signature. We identified fifteen survival-related mRNAs in the training set and classified the patients as high risk or low risk. NSCLC patients with low risk scores had longer disease-free survival than patients with high risk scores. The fifteen-mRNA signature was an independent prognostic factor, as shown by the ROC curve. ROC curve also showed that the combined model of the fifteen-mRNA signature and tumour stage had higher precision than stage alone. The expression of fifteen mRNAs and related proteins were higher in stage II NSCLC than in stage I NSCLC. Multi-gene expression profiles provide a moderate prognostic tool for NSCLC patients with stage I/II disease.
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Suri JS, Agarwal S, Gupta SK, Puvvula A, Biswas M, Saba L, Bit A, Tandel GS, Agarwal M, Patrick A, Faa G, Singh IM, Oberleitner R, Turk M, Chadha PS, Johri AM, Miguel Sanches J, Khanna NN, Viskovic K, Mavrogeni S, Laird JR, Pareek G, Miner M, Sobel DW, Balestrieri A, Sfikakis PP, Tsoulfas G, Protogerou A, Misra DP, Agarwal V, Kitas GD, Ahluwalia P, Teji J, Al-Maini M, Dhanjil SK, Sockalingam M, Saxena A, Nicolaides A, Sharma A, Rathore V, Ajuluchukwu JNA, Fatemi M, Alizad A, Viswanathan V, Krishnan PK, Naidu S. A narrative review on characterization of acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19-infected lungs using artificial intelligence. Comput Biol Med 2021; 130:104210. [PMID: 33550068 PMCID: PMC7813499 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has infected 77.4 million people worldwide and has caused 1.7 million fatalities as of December 21, 2020. The primary cause of death due to COVID-19 is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), people who are at least 60 years old or have comorbidities that have primarily been targeted are at the highest risk from SARS-CoV-2. Medical imaging provides a non-invasive, touch-free, and relatively safer alternative tool for diagnosis during the current ongoing pandemic. Artificial intelligence (AI) scientists are developing several intelligent computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tools in multiple imaging modalities, i.e., lung computed tomography (CT), chest X-rays, and lung ultrasounds. These AI tools assist the pulmonary and critical care clinicians through (a) faster detection of the presence of a virus, (b) classifying pneumonia types, and (c) measuring the severity of viral damage in COVID-19-infected patients. Thus, it is of the utmost importance to fully understand the requirements of for a fast and successful, and timely lung scans analysis. This narrative review first presents the pathological layout of the lungs in the COVID-19 scenario, followed by understanding and then explains the comorbid statistical distributions in the ARDS framework. The novelty of this review is the approach to classifying the AI models as per the by school of thought (SoTs), exhibiting based on segregation of techniques and their characteristics. The study also discusses the identification of AI models and its extension from non-ARDS lungs (pre-COVID-19) to ARDS lungs (post-COVID-19). Furthermore, it also presents AI workflow considerations of for medical imaging modalities in the COVID-19 framework. Finally, clinical AI design considerations will be discussed. We conclude that the design of the current existing AI models can be improved by considering comorbidity as an independent factor. Furthermore, ARDS post-processing clinical systems must involve include (i) the clinical validation and verification of AI-models, (ii) reliability and stability criteria, and (iii) easily adaptable, and (iv) generalization assessments of AI systems for their use in pulmonary, critical care, and radiological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA.
| | - Sushant Agarwal
- Advanced Knowledge Engineering Centre, GBTI, Roseville, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science Engineering, PSIT, Kanpur, India
| | - Suneet K Gupta
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, Bennett University, India
| | - Anudeep Puvvula
- Stroke Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA; Annu's Hospitals for Skin and Diabetes, Nellore, AP, India
| | - Mainak Biswas
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, JIS University, Kolkata, India
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Arindam Bit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NIT, Raipur, India
| | - Gopal S Tandel
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, VNIT, Nagpur, India
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- Department of Computer Science Engineering, Bennett University, India
| | | | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Pathology - AOU of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Inder M Singh
- Stroke Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA
| | | | - Monika Turk
- The Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg Institute for Advanced Study, Delmenhorst, Germany
| | - Paramjit S Chadha
- Stroke Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA
| | - Amer M Johri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Miguel Sanches
- Institute of Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Narendra N Khanna
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sophie Mavrogeni
- Cardiology Clinic, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - John R Laird
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Adventist Health St. Helena, St Helena, CA, USA
| | - Gyan Pareek
- Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Martin Miner
- Men's Health Center, Miriam Hospital Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - David W Sobel
- Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Petros P Sfikakis
- Rheumatology Unit, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - George Tsoulfas
- Aristoteleion University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Vikas Agarwal
- Academic Affairs, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, UK
| | - George D Kitas
- Academic Affairs, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, UK; Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Manchester University, Manchester, UK
| | - Puneet Ahluwalia
- Max Institute of Cancer Care, Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jagjit Teji
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Mustafa Al-Maini
- Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Ajit Saxena
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Andrew Nicolaides
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre and University of Nicosia Medical School, Cyprus
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Vijay Rathore
- Stroke Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA
| | | | - Mostafa Fatemi
- Dept. of Physiology & Biomedical Engg., Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, MN, USA
| | - Azra Alizad
- Dept. of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, MN, USA
| | - Vijay Viswanathan
- MV Hospital for Diabetes and Professor M Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre, Chennai, India
| | - P K Krishnan
- Neurology Department, Fortis Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Subbaram Naidu
- Electrical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
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21
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Fukui M, Takamochi K, Ouchi T, Koike Y, Yaguchi T, Matsunaga T, Hattori A, Suzuki K, Hoshina A, Yamashiro Y, Oh S, Suzuki K. Evaluation of solid portions in non-small cell lung cancer-the solid part is not always measurable for clinical T factor. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2021; 51:114-119. [PMID: 33094807 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyaa181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid component size on thin-section computed tomography is used for T-staging according to the eighth edition of the Tumor Node Metastasis classification of lung cancer. However, the feasibility of using the solid component to measure clinical T-factor remains controversial. METHODS We evaluated the feasibility of measuring the solid component in 859 tumours, which were suspected cases of primary lung cancers, requiring surgical resection regardless of the procedure or clinical stage. After excluding 126 pure ground-glass opacity tumours and 450 solid tumours, 283 part-solid tumours were analysed to determine the frequency of cases where the measurement of the solid portion was difficult along with the associated cause. Pathological invasiveness was also evaluated. RESULTS The solid portion of 10 lesions in 283 part-solid nodules was difficult to measure due to an underlying lung disease (emphysema and pneumonitis). The solid portion of 62 lesions (21.9%) without emphysema and pneumonitis was difficult to measure due to imaging features of the tumours. Among the 62 patients, five had no malignancy and one with a tumour size of 33 mm had nodal metastasis. There were 56 lesions with a tumour size of ≤30 mm, wherein nodal metastases, vascular and/or lymphatic invasions were not observed. CONCLUSION For one-fifth of the part-solid tumours, measurement of the solid component was difficult. Moreover, these lesions had low invasiveness, especially in T1. The measurement of the solid portion and the classification of T1 in 1-cm increments may be complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Fukui
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Kazuya Takamochi
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Takehiro Ouchi
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Yutaro Koike
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Takashi Yaguchi
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Takeshi Matsunaga
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Aritoshi Hattori
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Departments of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Hoshina
- Departments of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamashiro
- Departments of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiaki Oh
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kunitoh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Bruni D, Angell HK, Galon J. The immune contexture and Immunoscore in cancer prognosis and therapeutic efficacy. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:662-680. [PMID: 32753728 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 806] [Impact Index Per Article: 201.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The international American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control (AJCC/UICC) tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system provides the current guidelines for the classification of cancer. However, among patients within the same stage, the clinical outcome can be very different. More recently, a novel definition of cancer has emerged, implicating at all stages a complex and dynamic interaction between tumour cells and the immune system. This has enabled the definition of the immune contexture, representing the pre-existing immune parameters associated with patient survival. Even so, the role of distinct immune cell types in modulating cancer progression is increasingly emerging. An immune-based assay named the 'Immunoscore' was defined to quantify the in situ T cell infiltrate and was demonstrated to be superior to the AJCC/UICC TNM classification for patients with colorectal cancer. This Review provides a broad overview of the main immune parameters positively or negatively shaping cancer development, including the Immunoscore, and their prognostic and predictive value. The importance of the immune system in cancer control is demonstrated by the requirement for a pre-existing intratumour adaptive immune response for effective immunotherapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors. Finally, we discuss how the combination of multiple immune parameters, rather than individual ones, might increase prognostic and/or predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bruni
- INSERM, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology; Équipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer; Sorbonne Université; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Université de Paris; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Helen K Angell
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology; Équipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer; Sorbonne Université; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Université de Paris; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
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24
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Liu Q, He J, Ning R, Tan L, Zeng A, Zhou S. Pretreatment plasma d-dimer levels as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival among patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520962661. [PMID: 33100094 PMCID: PMC7645424 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520962661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic accuracy of d-dimer levels for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 651 patients initially diagnosed with advanced NSCLC. Patients with d-dimer levels ≥0.5 mg/L were included in the high d-dimer group, whereas patients with lower levels were included in the normal group. Cumulative survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS The median plasma d-dimer level in the study cohort was 0.61 ± 0.49 mg/L. d-dimer levels were elevated in 60.98% of patients, and 80.1% of such patients had adenocarcinoma. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified d-dimer content as an independent factor for the prognosis of NSCLC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-1.98). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that high plasma d-dimer levels were associated with shorter overall survival (HR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.19-1.84). In addition, the receipt of <2 lines of treatment was associated with a higher risk of death than the receipt of >2 lines. CONCLUSION The present results imply that pretreatment plasma d-dimer levels could represent a prognostic factor for advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Cancer Hospital and Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jianbo He
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Cancer Hospital and Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ruiling Ning
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Cancer Hospital and Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Liping Tan
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Cancer Hospital and Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Aiping Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Cancer Hospital and Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shaozhang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Cancer Hospital and Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Li R, Liu X, Zhou XJ, Chen X, Li JP, Yin YH, Qu YQ. Identification of a Prognostic Model Based on Immune-Related Genes of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1588. [PMID: 33014809 PMCID: PMC7493716 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune-related genes (IRGs) play considerable roles in tumor immune microenvironment (IME). This research aimed to discover the differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) based on the Cox predictive model to predict survival for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) through bioinformatics analysis. First of all, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using the limma R package, the DEIRGs were obtained from the ImmPort database, whereas the differentially expressed transcription factors (DETFs) were acquired from the Cistrome database. Thereafter, a TFs-mediated IRGs network was constructed to identify the candidate mechanisms for those DEIRGs in LUSC at molecular level. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO), together with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, was conducted for exploring those functional enrichments for DEIRGs. Besides, univariate as well as multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted for establishing a prediction model for DEIRGs biomarkers. In addition, the relationship between the prognostic model and immunocytes was further explored through immunocyte correlation analysis. In total, 3,599 DEGs, 223 DEIRGs, and 46 DETFs were obtained from LUSC tissues and adjacent non-carcinoma tissues. According to multivariate Cox regression analysis, 10 DEIRGs (including CALCB, GCGR, HTR3A, AMH, VGF, SEMA3B, NRTN, ENG, ACVRL1, and NR4A1) were retrieved to establish a prognostic model for LUSC. Immunocyte infiltration analysis showed that dendritic cells and neutrophils were positively correlated with IRGs, which possibly exerted an important part within the IME of LUSC. Our study identifies a prognostic model based on IRGs, which is then used to predict LUSC prognosis and analyze immunocyte infiltration. This may provide a novel insight for exploring the potential IRGs in the IME of LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xi-Jia Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, China
| | - Jian-Ping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun-Hong Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi-Qing Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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26
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Wang J, Xue H, Zhu Z, Gao J, Zhao M, Ma Z. Expression of serum exosomal miR-23b-3p in non-small cell lung cancer and its diagnostic efficacy. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:30. [PMID: 32774503 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of serum exosomal miR-23b-3p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to determine its diagnostic efficacy for NSCLC. From October, 2017 to October, 2019, 80 patients with NSCLC, 60 patients with pneumonia and 30 healthy subjects undergoing physical examination were enrolled at the People's Hospital of Yangzhong City. Serum samples were collected from the 3 groups of patients. The expression of miR-23b-3p in exosomes was detected by RT-qPCR. The Chi-squared test was used to analyze the expression level of miR-23b-3p in exosomes, and the patients with NSCLC were divided into 2 groups according to the expression level. The association between the patient clinicopathological parameters and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of serum exosomal miR-23b-3p in NSCLC. The expression level of serum exosomal miR-23b-3p in the patients with NSCLC was significantly higher than that in patients with pneumonia (t=10.332, P<0.001) and healthy subjects (t=12.810, P<0.001); serum exosomal miR-23b-3p was significantly associated with tumor size, depth of invasion, liver metastasis and TNM stage (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for miR-23b-3p was 0.915 (95% CI, 0.84-0.92), the optimal relative expression of miR-23b-3p was 3.46, the sensitivity of diagnosis was 87.4%, and the specificity was 93.8%, all higher than that of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The ROCAUC of NSCLC was 0.645 (95% CI, 0.641-0.772) and for Cyfra21-1 it was 0.745 (95% CI, 0.701-0.812). Compared with the patients with pneumonia and the healthy subjects, the patients with NSCLC exhibited a higher level of serum exosomal miR-23b-3p. On the whole, these findings indicate that miR-23b-3p has a higher clinical diagnostic efficacy and may thus be a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Yangzhong City, Yangzhong, Jiangsu 212200, P.R. China
| | - Hengchuan Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Yangzhong City, Yangzhong, Jiangsu 212200, P.R. China
| | - Zonghai Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Yangzhong City, Yangzhong, Jiangsu 212200, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Yangzhong City, Yangzhong, Jiangsu 212200, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Yangzhong City, Yangzhong, Jiangsu 212200, P.R. China
| | - Zhenkai Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Yangzhong City, Yangzhong, Jiangsu 212200, P.R. China
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27
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Jin J, Xu Y, Hu X, Chen M, Fang M, Hang Q, Chen M. Postoperative radiotherapy option based on mediastinal lymph node reclassification for patients with pN2 non-small-cell lung cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:e283-e293. [PMID: 32669935 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.5899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background In this research, we used the mediastinal lymph node reclassification proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (iaslc) to screen for patients with pathologic N2 (pN2) non-small-cell lung cancer (nsclc) who might benefit from postoperative radiotherapy (port). Methods The study enrolled 440 patients with pN2 nsclc who received complete surgical resection and allocated them to one of three groups: N2a1 (single-station skip mediastinal lymph node metastasis), N2a2 (single-station non-skip mediastinal lymph node metastasis), and N2b (multi-station mediastinal lymph node metastasis). Rates of local recurrence at first recurrence in patients receiving and not receiving port were compared using the chi-square test. Overall (os) and disease-free survival (dfs) were then compared using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with log-rank test. In addition, the factors potentially influencing os and dfs were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Results The rate of local recurrence for the N2a2 and N2b groups was significantly lower in patients receiving port (p = 0.044 and p = 0.043 respectively). The log-rank test revealed that, for the N2a1 group, differences in os and dfs were not statistically significant between the patients who did and did not receive port (p = 0.304 and p = 0.197 respectively). For the N2a2 group, os and dfs were markedly superior in patients who received port compared with those who did not (p = 0.001 and p = 0.014 respectively). For the N2b group, os was evidently better in patients who received port compared with those who did not (p = 0.025), but no statistically significant difference in dfs was observed (p = 0.134). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that, in the N2a1 group, port was significantly associated with poor os [hazard ratio (hr): 2.618; 95% confidence interval (ci): 1.185 to 5.785; p = 0.017]; in the N2a2 group, port was associated with improved os (hr: 0.481; 95% ci: 0.314 to 0.736; p = 0.001) and dfs (hr: 0.685; 95% ci: 0.479 to 0.980; p = 0.039). Conclusions For patients with pN2 nsclc who receive complete resection, port might be beneficial only for patients with single-station non-skip metastasis (N2a2). Patients with single-station skip metastasis (N2a1) and multi-station metastasis (N2b) might not currently benefit from port.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R.C.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; and Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, P.R.C
| | - Y Xu
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; and Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, P.R.C
| | - X Hu
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; and Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, P.R.C
| | - M Chen
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R.C.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; and Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, P.R.C
| | - M Fang
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; and Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, P.R.C
| | - Q Hang
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R.C.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; and Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, P.R.C
| | - M Chen
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; and Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, P.R.C
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Wang X, Wang Z, Pan J, Lu ZY, Xu D, Zhang HJ, Wang SH, Huang DY, Chen XF. Patterns of Extrathoracic Metastases in Different Histological Types of Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:715. [PMID: 32509574 PMCID: PMC7248315 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths mainly attributable to metastasis, especially extrathoracic metastasis. This large-cohort research is aimed to explore metastatic profiles in different histological types of lung cancer, as well as to assess clinicopathological and survival significance of diverse metastatic lesions. Lung cancer cases were extracted and enrolled from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. χ2-tests were conducted to make comparisons of metastatic distribution among different histological types and odds ratios were calculated to analyze co-occurrence relationships between different metastatic lesions. Kaplan–Meier methods were performed to analyze survival outcomes according to different metastatic sites and Cox regression models were conducted to identify independent prognostic factors. In total, we included 159,241 lung cancer cases with detailed metastatic status and complete follow-up information. In order to understand their metastatic patterns, we elucidated the following points in this research: (1) Comparing the frequencies of different metastatic lesions in different histological types. The frequency of bone metastasis was highest in adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, LCLC and NSCLC/NOS, while liver was the most common metastatic site in SCLC. (2) Elaborating the tendency of combined metastases. Bi-site metastases occurred more common than tri-site and tetra-site metastases. And several metastatic sites, such as bone and liver, intended to co-metastasize preferentially. (3) Clarifying the prognostic significance of single-site and bi-site metastases. All single-site metastases were independent prognostic factors and co-metastases ended up with even worse survival outcomes. Thus, our findings would be beneficial for research design and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou-Yi Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Yu Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Correlation between Skip N2 Metastases and SUV max, Long Diameter of Tumor, and Ki67 Expression in Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9298358. [PMID: 32420384 PMCID: PMC7201773 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9298358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background We aim at investigating the correlation between skip N2 metastases (SN2) and SUVmax, long diameter of tumor mass after 18F-FDG PET/CT, and pathological Ki67 expression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods and Results We retrospectively analyzed the factors that might affect the pathogenesis of SN2 in these patients. The clinical SN2 symptoms in patients with squamous carcinoma or adenocarcinoma were investigated. The work curve was utilized to analyze the optimal cutoff value for the SUVmax and long diameter of tumor. Multivariate analysis revealed that high expression of Ki67 was a risk factor for mediastinal SN2 (OR = 1.042, 95% CI: 1.009-1.076). Subgroup analysis indicated that the SUVmax of the non-SN2 group was significantly higher than that of the SN2 group in patients with squamous carcinoma (16.3 ± 6.0 vs. 10.7 ± 5.6, P = 0.026). In the patients with adenocarcinoma, the long diameter of tumor in the SN2 group was significantly longer than that of the non-SN2 group (43.8 ± 16.3 mm vs. 30.1 ± 13.8 mm, P = 0.032). The Ki67 expression in the SN2 group was significantly higher than that of the non-SN2 group (51.7 ± 24.0 vs. 30.0 ± 19.2, P = 0.028). Conclusions The differences of clinical features of the patients in the SN2 group and non-SN2 group in the NSCLC patients were associated with the pathological subtypes, which were featured by lower SUVmax in the SN2 of the squamous carcinoma, and longer diameter of SN2 in the adenocarcinoma patients.
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30
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Kunitoh H. Editorial. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2020; 50:1-2. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyz205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kunitoh
- Department of Medical Oncology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan Editor-in-Chief, Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology
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31
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Kim H, Goo JM, Kim YT, Park CM. Validation of the Eighth Edition Clinical T Categorization System for Clinical Stage IA, Resected Lung Adenocarcinomas: Prognostic Implications of the Ground-Glass Opacity Component. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 15:580-588. [PMID: 31877384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is controversy regarding the clinical T (cT) category of lung adenocarcinomas that manifest as part-solid nodules (PSNs). We aimed to validate the cT category and to evaluate the independent prognostic role of the nodule type (i.e., part-solid versus solid). METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the prognostic value of clinico-radiologic factors regarding the overall survival of patients with clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinomas that were resected between 2008 and 2014. cT Category, nodule type, and their interaction term were included in the multivariable Cox regression analysis with other variables. In addition, a mixture cure model analysis was performed to investigate the association between the covariates and long-term survival. RESULTS A total of 744 patients (420 women; 362 PSNs; median age, 63 y) were included. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of the nodule type was not significant (1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80-2.10, p = 0.291). However, the cT categories were significantly associated with overall survival (HR of cT1b, 2.33 [95% CI: 1.07-5.06, p = 0.033]; HR of cT1c, 5.74 [95% CI: 2.51-13.12, p < 0.001]). There were no interactions between the nodule type and the cT categories (all p > 0.05). The multivariable mixture cure model revealed that solid nodules were associated with a decreased probability of long-term survival (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18-0.92, p = 0.030). In addition, cT1c was a negative predictor of long-term survival (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.07-0.94, p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS The cT categorization system is valid for PSNs and solid nodules. Nevertheless, PSNs are a prognostic factor associated with long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research and Innovation Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Mo Goo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research and Innovation Center, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Min Park
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research and Innovation Center, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Zhuang B, Cheng Y. MicroRNA‑629 inhibition suppresses the viability and invasion of non‑small cell lung cancer cells by directly targeting RUNX3. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3933-3940. [PMID: 30816536 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) directly modulate the biological functions of non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and contribute to the initiation and progression of NSCLC; however, the specific roles and underlying mechanisms of the dysregulated miRNAs in NSCLC require further investigation. The present study reported that miRNA‑629‑5p (miR‑629) was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. High miR‑629 expression levels were significantly associated with tumour size, clinical stage and lymph node metastasis in patients with NSCLC. Functional experiments indicated that miR‑629 inhibition suppressed the viability and invasion NSCLC cells in vitro. Furthermore, bioinformatics prediction, luciferase reporter assay, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis demonstrated that runt‑related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) was a direct target gene of miR‑629 in NSCLC. Restoration of RUNX3 expression suppressed the effects of miR‑629 inhibition in NSCLC cells. Rescue experiments revealed that RUNX3 knockdown partially abrogated the effects of miR‑629 inhibition on NSCLC cells. In summary, miR‑629 directly targeted RUNX3 to inhibit the progression of NSCLC, suggesting that this miRNA may be considered as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bufeng Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Youshuang Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Wang Q, Zhang S. MicroRNAs in sputum specimen as noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer: An updated meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14337. [PMID: 30732158 PMCID: PMC6380860 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a serious leading cause of death worldwide. Recently, multiple researches have identified that microRNA (miRNA) in sputum could be a useful tool for NSCLC diagnosis. The objective of this study was to assess whether aberrant miRNA expression could be regarded as a useful biomarker in sputum specimen for the diagnosis of NSCLC. METHODS Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and VIP databases up to June 2018. We calculated the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) to investigate the diagnostic value of miRNA in sputum for NSCLC. MetaDisc1.4 and STATA12.0 were used to analyze the retrieved data. RESULTS Finally, a total of 14 articles were included in this meta-analysis involving 1009 NSCLC patients and 1006 controls. The results were as followed: the pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, were 0.75 (95%CI:0.72-0.78), 0.88 (95%CI:0.86-0.90), 5.70 (95%CI:4.82-6.75), 0.30 (95%CI:0.26-0.34), 22.43 (95%CI:17.48-28.79), respectively. The AUC of overall summary receiver operator characteristic curve (SROC) was 0.8917. CONCLUSION Our comprehensive analysis indicated that miRNAs in sputum specimen may be noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC. However, much more studies should be conducted before clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
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