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Wang X, Jiang D, An X, Li S, Qi Y, Yang Y, Wang Z, Sun Q, Ling W, Ji C, Qi Y, Xu H, Han C, Zhao H, Kang B. Effects of wheat germ diet on intestinal antioxidant capacity, immunological function and gut microbiota of Sichuan white geese. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1435454. [PMID: 39323886 PMCID: PMC11422236 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1435454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Wheat germ is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and disease resistance properties in animals. However, its effect on the gut of Sichuan white geese remains unclear. Method In this study, thirty 250-day-old geese were divided into three equal groups, the control group, LWG group (21.8% wheat germ) and HWG group (43.6% wheat germ), the experiment lasted 12 weeks. We assessed various aspects of geese intestinal health, including barrier function, digestibility, antioxidant capacity, immunity, microbiota, and metabolism. Results The study revealed a significant increase in villus height (VH), villus height-to-crypt depth (VH/CD) ratio, amylase, and lipase activities in the duodenum and ileum, increased putrescine levels in the duodenum and jejunum, as well as spermidine levels in the jejunum (P < 0.05). LWG increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the duodenum, while decreasing levels of intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA), serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity (P < 0.05). Furthermore, LWG increased the relative abundance of Oscillospiraceae_unclassified, Ligilactobacillus, and Roseburia, as well as increased levels of acetic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid, while decreasing the relative abundance of Subdoligranulum, Flavonifractor, and Klebsiella. Additionally, we observed 17 up-regulated genes and 25 down-regulated genes in the jejunum, which are associated with the cell cycle and immunity. These genes play roles in pathways such as the p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle regulation, and pathways associated with immune modulation. On the other hand, HWG increased intestinal VH and spermidine levels, as well as amylase and lipase activities in the duodenum (P < 0.05). It also elevated ileal T-AOC and sIgA levels (P < 0.05), while reducing intestinal MDA content, serum LPS levels, DAO activity, and propionic acid in cecum contents (P < 0.05). Moreover, HWG increased the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus, Oscillospiraceae_unclassified, and Roseburia (P < 0.05). Conclusion Overall, wheat germ diets, particularly the LWG diet demonstrated the ability to enhance antioxidant capacity, digestibility, immunity, and barrier properties of the intestinal tract, while modulating the gut microbiota and metabolism. Therefore, wheat germ diets hold promise in improving intestinal health by preserving barrier function and regulating flora structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoguang An
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zelong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weikang Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengweng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunchun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Dotimas LG, Ojo B, Kaur A, Alake S, Dixon M, Rassi GDE, Ice JA, Zhao J, Emerson SR, Smith BJ, Lucas EA. Wheat germ supplementation has modest effects on gut health markers but improves glucose homeostasis markers in adults classified as overweight: A randomized controlled pilot study. Nutr Res 2024; 127:13-26. [PMID: 38820937 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Wheat germ (WG), a by-product of flour milling, is rich in bioactive substances that may help improve health complications associated with increased adiposity. This study investigated the effects of WG on gut health, metabolic, and inflammatory markers in adults classified as overweight. We hypothesized that WG, because of its many bioactive components, would improve gut health and metabolic, and inflammatory markers in overweight adults. Forty adults (18-45 years old) and with a body mass index between 25 and 30 kg/m2 participated in this single-blinded randomized controlled pilot study. Participants consumed the study supplements containing 30 g of either cornmeal (control, CL) or WG daily for 4 weeks. Primary outcome variables were gut health markers including gut microbiota, gut integrity markers, and fecal short-chain fatty acids, whereas secondary outcome variables included metabolic and inflammatory parameters assessed at baseline and at the end of supplementation. Thirty-nine participants (n = 19 and 20 for CL and WG group, respectively) completed the study. The genus Faecalibacterium was significantly higher in the WG group compared to CL post-supplementation but no significant changes in other gut health markers, short-chain fatty acids, inflammatory markers, and lipid profiles were observed. Compared with baseline, WG improved markers of glucose homeostasis including insulin (P = .02), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (P = .03), glycated hemoglobin (P = .07), and the pro-inflammatory adipokine, resistin (P = .04). However, these parameters after intervention were not different with control. Our findings suggest that WG supplementation have modest effects on gut health but may provide an economical option for individuals to improve glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levin G Dotimas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Babajide Ojo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Sanmi Alake
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Madison Dixon
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA
| | | | - John A Ice
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA; US Department of Veterans Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Animal Science Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Sam R Emerson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA.
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Jiang R, Cong Z, Zheng L, Zhang L, Guan Q, Wang S, Fang J, Chen J, Liu M. Global research trends in regulating gut microbiome to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus: bibliometrics and visual analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1401070. [PMID: 38887274 PMCID: PMC11181692 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1401070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiome (GM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have two-way effects. Improving T2DM by modulating GM in various ways, such as diet, exercise, and medication, is gradually becoming popular, and related studies have yielded positive results. However, there is still a lack of high-quality bibliometric analyses of research in this area. This study aims to systematize and comprehensively summarize the knowledge structure, research tropics, and research trends of GM and T2DM through bibliometric analysis. Methods Publications related to GM and T2DM before January 9, 2024, in the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) were searched in this study. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to analyze publishing trends and CiteSpace (v.6.1.R6 Advanced) was used to analyze institutions, cited journals, references, and keywords.SCImago Graphica (v.1.0.39) was used to analyze countries/regions, institutions' collaborations, cited authors, and published journals. Results We finally included 1004 articles published from 2008 to 2023. The number of published articles showed an upward trend and reached its peak in 2022. China is the country with the largest number of articles, Univ Copenhagen is the institution with the largest number of articles, Fukui, Michiaki, Hamaguchi, Masahide are the scholars with the largest number of articles, and Cani and Patrice D. are the scholars with the largest number of citations. NUTRIENTS(Q1/5.9) published the most publications, while Nature (Q1/64.8; Cited 804 times) is the most frequently cited journal. Gut microbiota, Obesity, and insulin resistance are the most frequently used keywords. This study found that current researches focus on the effects of diet, exercise, and pharmacological modification of GM to improve T2DM and explores specific mechanisms. Future researches will focus on three areas: complications of T2DM and specific physiological processes, methods and measures to regulate GM, and new experimental techniques and assays. Conclusion The current researches confirmed the effects and specific mechanisms of modulating GM to improve T2DM. Further exploration of the effects of modulating GM on T2DM complications and specific physiologic processes is a future trend of research. Exploring specific methods for regulating GM and developing new experimental techniques and assays are important for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Jiang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengri Cong
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Likun Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Long Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qifan Guan
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Sixian Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jinxu Fang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- College of Medical Information, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Islam P, Ice JA, Alake SE, Adedigba P, Hatter B, Robinson K, Clarke SL, Ford Versypt AN, Ritchey J, Lucas EA, Smith BJ. Fructooligosaccharides act on the gut-bone axis to improve bone independent of Tregs and alter osteocytes in young adult C57BL/6 female mice. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziae021. [PMID: 38562914 PMCID: PMC10982850 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting the gut-bone axis with probiotics and prebiotics is considered as a promising strategy to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Gut-derived short chain fatty acids (SCFA) mediate the effects of probiotics on bone via Tregs, but it is not known whether prebiotics act through a similar mechanism. We investigated how 2 different prebiotics, tart cherry (TC) and fructooligosaccharide (FOS), affect bone, and whether Tregs are required for this response. Eight-wk-old C57BL/6 female mice were fed with diets supplemented with 10% w/w TC, FOS, or a control diet (Con; AIN-93M) diet, and they received an isotype control or CD25 Ab to suppress Tregs. The FOS diet increased BMC, density, and trabecular bone volume in the vertebra (~40%) and proximal tibia (~30%) compared to the TC and control diets (Con), irrespective of CD25 treatment. Both prebiotics increased (P < .01) fecal SCFAs, but the response was greater with FOS. To determine how FOS affected bone cells, we examined genes involved in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and activity as well as genes expressed by osteocytes. The FOS increased the expression of regulators of osteoblast differentiation (bone morphogenetic protein 2 [Bmp2], Wnt family member 10b [Wnt10b] and Osterix [Osx]) and type 1 collagen). Osteoclasts regulators were unaltered. The FOS also increased the expression of genes associated with osteocytes, including (Phex), matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (Mepe), and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (Dmp-1). However, Sost, the gene that encodes for sclerostin was also increased by FOS as the number and density of osteocytes increased. These findings demonstrate that FOS has a greater effect on the bone mass and structure in young adult female mice than TC and that its influence on osteoblasts and osteocytes is not dependent on Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Proapa Islam
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - John A Ice
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Sanmi E Alake
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Pelumi Adedigba
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bethany Hatter
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Kara Robinson
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Stephen L Clarke
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Ashlee N Ford Versypt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Jerry Ritchey
- Veterinary Pathobiology Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Zhang J, Wu X, Zhao J, Ma X, Murad MS, Mu G. Peptidome comparison on the immune regulation effects of different casein fractions in a cyclophosphamide mouse model. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:40-61. [PMID: 37709034 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The protein composition of human milk plays a crucial role in infant formula milk powder formulation. Notably, significant differences exist between bovine casein and human milk casein. Previous studies have shown that casein hydrolysates could enhance immune function; however, gastrointestinal dyspepsia in infants affects the type and function of peptides. Therefore, the present study used peptidomics to sequence and analyze hydrolyzed peptides from different casein fractions. Additionally, animal experiments were conducted to assess the functionality of these casein fractions and elucidate their differences. The results revealed variations in peptide composition among the different casein fractions of formula milk powder. Interestingly, milk powder formulated with both β- and κ-casein (BK) exhibited significant enrichment of peptides related to the immune system. Moreover, the BK group significantly alleviated immune organ damage in cyclophosphamide-treated mice and regulated serum levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors. Furthermore, feeding different casein fractions influenced the intestinal microflora of cyclophosphamide-treated mice, with the BK group mitigating the changes caused by cyclophosphamide. In conclusion, the findings suggest that BK formula in milk powder has the potential to positively enhance immunity. This study provides a robust theoretical basis for human-emulsified formula milk powder development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Liaoning, 116000, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Liaoning, 116000, China.
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Liaoning, 116000, China
| | - Xutong Ma
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Liaoning, 116000, China
| | - M Safian Murad
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Liaoning, 116000, China
| | - Guangqing Mu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Liaoning, 116000, China.
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Wang F, Chen Y, Itagaki K, Zhu B, Lin Y, Song H, Wang L, Xiong L, Weng Z, Shen X. Wheat Germ-Derived Peptide Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15593-15603. [PMID: 37819175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the protective properties and potential mechanisms of wheat-germ-derived peptide APEPEPAF (APE) against ulcerative colitis. Colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were used as the animal model. The results showed that the APE peptide could alleviate colitis symptoms including weight loss, colon shortening, and histopathological changes. This peptide attenuated the generation of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the phosphorylation of protein kinase PKCζ (Thr410) and NF-κB transcriptional activity in DSS-induced mice, suggesting that APE ameliorates colitis inflammation by regulating the PKCζ/NF-κB signaling pathway. APE also preserved the barrier function of the colon by dose-dependently promoting the expression of tight junction proteins (claudin-1, zonula occluded-1, and occludin). In addition, APE significantly decreased the abundance of Bacteroides and increased the abundance of Dubosiella and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 to improve the intestinal flora imbalance in DSS-induced colitis mice. Therefore, wheat germ peptide APE can be used as a novel agent and dietary supplement to treat ulcerative colitis..
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yuanrong Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Kiyoshi Itagaki
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Bin Zhu
- Nursing Department, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang 110101, China
| | - Yajuan Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & School Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Zebin Weng
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine & School Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China
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Chan CW, Lin BF. Folate Deficiency Enhanced Inflammation and Exacerbated Renal Fibrosis in High-Fat High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3616. [PMID: 37630806 PMCID: PMC10458828 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing simultaneously and rapidly worldwide. Our previous study showed that folate deficiency increased lipid accumulation and leptin production of adipocytes. Whether folate plays a role in CKD, particularly obesity-related nephropathy remains unclear. To investigate the effects of folate deficiency on CKD in diet-induced obese mice, four groups of male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a normal-fat diet (NF) with folate (NF+f); NF without folate (NF-f); high-fat high-fructose diet (HFF) with folate (HFF+f); or HFF without folate (HFF-f) for 12 months during the study. The results showed that HFF increased not only body weight, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and blood pressure, but also cytokines levels, such as interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-17A/F, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. The indicators of kidney failure including urinary protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), renal type I and IV collagen deposits and leptin content, and serum creatinine were also increased by HFF. Folate-deficient diets further elevated serum TC, LDL-cholesterol, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, MCP-1, TGF-β1, and leptin, but decreased IL-10 level, and thus exacerbated renal fibrosis. To investigate the possible mechanisms of folate deficiency on renal injury, phosphorylation of pro-fibrosis signaling molecules, including signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad)2/3, were assayed. Both HFF and folate deficiency significantly increased the phosphorylation of STAT3 and Smad2/3, suggesting synergistic effects of HFF-f on chronic renal inflammation and fibrosis. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that folate deficiency might aggravate inflammatory status and enhance renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bi-Fong Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
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8
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Zhang ZH, Cheng WL, Li XD, Wang X, Yang FW, Xiao JS, Li YX, Zhao GP. Extraction, bioactive function and application of wheat germ protein/peptides: A review. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100512. [PMID: 37215742 PMCID: PMC10196331 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging population and high incidence of age-related diseases are major global societal issues. Consuming bioactive substances as part of our diet is increasingly recognized as essential for ensuring a healthy life for older adults. Wheat germ protein has a reasonable peptide structure and amino acid ratio but has not been fully utilized and exploited, resulting in wasted wheat germ resources. This review summarizes reformational extraction methods of wheat germ protein/peptides (WGPs), of which different methods can be selected to obtain various WGPs. Interestingly, except for some bioactive activities found earlier, WGPs display potential anti-aging activity, with possible mechanisms including antioxidant, immunomodulatory and intestinal flora regulation. However, there are missing in vitro and in vivo bioactivity assessments of WGPs. WGPs possess physicochemical properties of good foamability, emulsification and water retention and are used as raw materials or additives to improve food quality. Based on the above, further studies designing methods to isolate particular types of WGPs, determining their nutritional and bioactive mechanisms and verifying their activity in vivo in humans are crucial for using WGPs to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-hui Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei-long Cheng
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Inner Mongolia, 013757, China
| | - Xiu-de Li
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Food Quality and Safety, Agricultural University of Hebei Bohai Campus, Cangzhou, 071001, China
| | - Fang-wei Yang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jun-song Xiao
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yi-xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guo-ping Zhao
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Inner Mongolia, 013757, China
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9
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Alake SE, Lightfoot S, Wozniak K, Lin D, Chowanadisai W, Smith BJ, Lucas EA. Wheat Germ Supplementation Reduces Inflammation and Gut Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Female Interleukin-10 Knockout Mice Fed a Pro-Atherogenic Diet. J Nutr 2023; 153:870-879. [PMID: 36813578 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mice lacking IL-10 are prone to gut inflammation. Additionally, decreased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) plays a significant role in the high-fat (HF) diet-induced loss of gut epithelial integrity. We have previously shown that wheat germ (WG) supplementation increased ileal expression of IL-22, an important cytokine in maintaining gut epithelial homeostasis. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effects of WG supplementation on gut inflammation and epithelial integrity in IL-10 knockout mice fed a pro-atherogenic diet. METHODS Eight-week-old female C57BL/6 wild type mice were fed a control diet (10% fat kcal), and age-matched knockout mice were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 diets (n = 10/group): control, high-fat high-cholesterol (HFHC) [(43.4% fat kcal (∼49% saturated fat, 1% cholesterol)], or HFHC + 10% WG (HFWG) for 12 wk. Fecal SCFAs and total indole, ileal, and serum proinflammatory cytokines, gene or protein expression of tight junctions, and immunomodulatory transcription factors were assessed. Data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Fecal acetate, total SCFAs, and indole increased (P < 0.05) by at least 20% in HFWG compared with the other groups. WG increased (P < 0.0001, 2-fold) ileal Il22 (interleukin 22) to Il22ra2 (interleukin 22 receptor, alpha 2) mRNA ratio and prevented the HFHC diet-mediated increase in ileal protein expression of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and pSTAT3 (phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3). WG also prevented the HFHC diet-mediated reduction (P < 0.05) in ileal protein expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the tight junction protein, zonula occludens-1. Serum and ileal concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-17, were lower (P < 0.05) by at least 30% in the HFWG group than in the HFHC group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory potential of WG in IL-10 KO mice consuming an atherogenic diet is partly attributable to its effects on the IL-22 signaling and pSTAT3-mediated production of T helper 17 proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanmi E Alake
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Stanley Lightfoot
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Oklahoma City Veterans Affair, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Karen Wozniak
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Dingbo Lin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Winyoo Chowanadisai
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
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10
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Aleman RS, Moncada M, Aryana KJ. Leaky Gut and the Ingredients That Help Treat It: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:619. [PMID: 36677677 PMCID: PMC9862683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The human body is in daily contact with potentially toxic and infectious substances in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The GIT has the most significant load of antigens. The GIT can protect the intestinal integrity by allowing the passage of beneficial agents and blocking the path of harmful substances. Under normal conditions, a healthy intestinal barrier prevents toxic elements from entering the blood stream. However, factors such as stress, an unhealthy diet, excessive alcohol, antibiotics, and drug consumption can compromise the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the homeostasis of the intestinal barrier function of the intestine, leading to increased intestinal permeability. Intestinal hyperpermeability can allow the entry of harmful agents through the junctions of the intestinal epithelium, which pass into the bloodstream and affect various organs and systems. Thus, leaky gut syndrome and intestinal barrier dysfunction are associated with intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome, as well as extra-intestinal diseases, including heart diseases, obesity, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and celiac disease. Given the relationship between intestinal permeability and numerous conditions, it is convenient to seek an excellent strategy to avoid or reduce the increase in intestinal permeability. The impact of dietary nutrients on barrier function can be crucial for designing new strategies for patients with the pathogenesis of leaky gut-related diseases associated with epithelial barrier dysfunctions. In this review article, the role of functional ingredients is suggested as mediators of leaky gut-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Santos Aleman
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 28081, USA
| | - Marvin Moncada
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences and the Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kayanush J. Aryana
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 28081, USA
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11
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Qiao B, Li X, Peng M, Hui H, Tan Z. Alteration of intestinal mucosal microbiota in mice with Chinese dampness-heat syndrom diarrhea by improper diet combined with high temperature and humidity environments. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1096202. [PMID: 36683693 PMCID: PMC9845886 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1096202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Environment, diet, and emotion may trigger diarrhea, but the mechanism is unclear. Dietary habits or environmental factors affect the composition of gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate the effects of improper diet combined with high humidity and temperature (HTH) environment on the intestinal mucosal microbiota. Materials and methods Kunming mice were randomly assigned to two equal groups of five mice, namely the control (ccm) group and the model (cmm) group. Diarrhea mice with dampness-heat (DSH) were established by improper diet combined with HTH environments. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to analyze the characteristics of intestinal mucosal microbiota and the interaction relationship of function. Results Our study shows that the intestinal mucosal microbiota of mice changed significantly after an improper diet combined with the HTH environments. The abundance of Fusobacteria and Haemophilus increased dramatically in the cmm group compared to the ccm group (P<0.05). And the abundance of Firmicutes, Lactobacillus, and Lonsdalea was significantly decreased in the cmm group (P<0.05). According to the functional predictive analysis, we found that Lactobacillus showed a significant negative correlation with Protein export, Homologous recombination, Phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan biosynthesis, Citrate cycle, and Lipoic acid metabolism. Conclusion Diarrhea with DSH constructed under improper diet and HTH environment may be related to Lactobacillus and Haemophilus. And long-term consumption of improper diet and the HTH environment may affect metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qiao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Maijiao Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Huaying Hui
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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12
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Ojo BA, Alake SE, Kaur A, Wong SY, Keirns B, Ritchey JW, Chowanadisai W, Lin D, Clarke S, Smith BJ, Lucas EA. Supplemental wheat germ modulates phosphorylation of STAT3 in the gut and NF-κBp65 in the adipose tissue of mice fed a Western diet. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100023. [PMID: 37181127 PMCID: PMC10100941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2022.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Commensal gut bacteria, including Lactobacillus, can produce metabolites that stimulate the release of gut antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) via the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 pathway and prevent obesity-associated leaky gut and chronic inflammation. We have previously reported that wheat germ (WG) selectively increased cecal Lactobacillus in obese mice. Objectives This study investigated the effects of WG on gut STAT3 activation and AMPs (Reg3γ and Reg3β) as well as the potential of WG to inhibit nuclear Nf-κB-activation and immune cell infiltration in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of mice fed a Western diet (i.e., high-fat and sucrose diet [HFS]). Methods Six-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 12/group): control (C, 10% fat and sucrose kcal) or HFS (45% fat and 26% sucrose kcal) diet with or without 10% WG (wt/wt) for 12 wk. Assessments include serum metabolic parameters jejunal AMPs genes, inflammatory markers, and phosphorylation of STAT3 as well as VAT NF-κBp65. Independent and interaction effects of HFS and WG were analyzed with a 2-factor ANOVA. Results WG significantly improved markers of insulin resistance and upregulated jejunal Il10 and Il22 genes. The HFS + WG group had a 15-fold increase in jejunal pSTAT3 compared with the HFS group. Consequently, WG significantly upregulated jejunal mRNA expression of Reg3γ and Reg3β. The HFS group had a significantly higher VAT NF-κBp65 phosphorylation than the C group, while the HFS + WG group suppressed this to the level of C. Moreover, VAT Il6 and Lbp genes were downregulated in the HFS + WG group compared with HFS. Genes related to macrophage infiltration in the VAT were repressed in the WG-fed mice. Conclusion These findings show the potential of WG to influence vital regulatory pathways in the gut and adipose tissue which may reduce the chronic inflammatory burden on these tissues that are important targets in obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babajide A. Ojo
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sanmi E. Alake
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Siau Yen Wong
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Bryant Keirns
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Jerry W. Ritchey
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Winyoo Chowanadisai
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Dingbo Lin
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Stephen Clarke
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Brenda J. Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Edralin A. Lucas
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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13
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Li X, Wu J, Kang Y, Chen D, Chen G, Zeng X, Wang J. Yeast mannoproteins are expected to be a novel potential functional food for attenuation of obesity and modulation of gut microbiota. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1019344. [PMID: 36313084 PMCID: PMC9614242 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1019344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast mannoproteins (MPs), a major component of yeast cell walls with large exploration potentiality, have been attracting increasing attention due to their beneficial effects. However, the information about the anti-obesogenic activity of MPs is still limited. Thus, the effects of MPs on the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota were investigated in this work. The results showed that MPs could significantly attenuate the HFD-induced higher body weight, fat accumulation, liver steatosis, and damage. Simultaneously, the inflammation in HFD-induced mice was also ameliorated by MPs. The pyrosequencing analysis showed that intervention by MPs could lead to an obvious change in the structure of gut microbiota. Furthermore, the prevention of obesity by MPs is highly linked to the promotion of Parabacteroides distasonis (increased from 0.39 ± 0.12% to 2.10 ± 0.20%) and inhibition of Lactobacillus (decreased from 19.99 ± 3.94% to 2.68 ± 0.77%). Moreover, the increased level of acetate (increased from 3.28 ± 0.22 mmol/g to 7.84 ± 0.96 mmol/g) and activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) by MPs may also contribute to the prevention of obesity. Thus, our preliminary findings revealed that MPs from yeast could be explored as potential prebiotics to modulate the gut microbiota and prevent HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers’ University, Yancheng, China
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Yijun Kang
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers’ University, Yancheng, China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Guijie Chen,
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China,Xiaoxiong Zeng,
| | - Jialian Wang
- School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers’ University, Yancheng, China
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14
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Azizi Jalilian F, Keshavarz G, Khazaei S, Nezamdoost M, Hashemi SH, Mamani M, Ansari N, Amini R, Khalkhali A, Keshavarz A, Ayubi E, Fazeli M, Heidari Moghadam R, Alizadeh S, Pourhossein B, Teimouri A, Keramat F, Karampour S, Khakzad M. The effects of nutrition bio-shield superfood powder on immune system function: A clinical trial study among patients with COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:919402. [PMID: 36091037 PMCID: PMC9458072 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.919402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Nutrition Bio-shield Superfood (NBS) powder on the immune system function and clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19. We compare the effects of NBS powder on the immune system function and clinical manifestations among two different groups: 1) intervention group receiving standard treatment scheduled according to treatment guidelines plus NBS powder, and 2) control group receiving only the same standard treatment. The serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, IFNγ, and TNFα were determined after four weeks of treatment by specific ELISA kits according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Finally, the level of immune system stimulation and inflammatory markers were compared at baseline and after intervention in both groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22). A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was set as significant. A total of 47 patients with COVID-19 (24 patients in the intervention group and 23 patients in the control group) were included in this study. Results showed that the differences in the mean decrease of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in the intervention group in comparison to the control group were 0.93, 10.28, and 8.11 pg/ml, respectively (P<0.001). On the other hand, there was no difference in IL-17, IFNγ, monocytes, eosinophil, and other inflammatory indices between the intervention and control groups. Although NBS powder was able to significantly decrease the levels of some proinflammatory cytokines in patients with COVID-19, however, it is noteworthy that the course of the disease was to large part unaffected by NBS power and there was a reduction independent of treatment. The present study indicates that NBS powder could provide a beneficial anti-inflammatory effect in patients with COVID-19. Hence, NBS in treating patients with COVID-19 shows promise as an adjuvant to the current standard antiviral treatment of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Azizi Jalilian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Gheisar Keshavarz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Manije Nezamdoost
- Department of Infectious Disease, Farabi Hospital, Iranian Social Security Organization, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Hashemi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mamani
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ansari
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Arghavan Keshavarz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Ayubi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Fazeli
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | | | - Behzad Pourhossein
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Teimouri
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fariba Keramat
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Fariba Keramat, ,
| | - Sajad Karampour
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Khakzad
- Department of Immunology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Ren Z, Chen S, Lv H, Peng L, Yang W, Chen J, Wu Z, Wan C. Effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis SF on enhancing the tumor suppression of irinotecan by regulating the intestinal flora. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106406. [PMID: 35987480 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a role in tumor therapy by participating in immune regulation. Here, we demonstrated through 8-day probiotic supplementation experiments and fecal microbiota transplantation experiments that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis SF enhanced the antitumor effect of irinotecan and prevented the occurrence of intestinal damage by modulating the gut microbiota and reducing the relative abundance of pro-inflammatory microbiota. Therefore, the intestinal inflammation was inhibited, the TGF-β leakage was reduced, and the PI3K/AKT pathway activation was inhibited. Thus, the tumor apoptotic autophagy was finally promoted. Simultaneously, the reduction of TGF-β relieved the immunosuppression caused by CPT-11, promoted the differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in tumor tissue, and consequently inhibited tumor growth and invasion. This study disclosed the mechanism of B. lactis SF assisting CPT-11 in antitumor activity and suggested that B. lactis SF plays a new role in anticancer effects as a nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyue Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Shufang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Huihui Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Lingling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Wanyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Zhihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China.
| | - Cuixiang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China.
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16
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He QD, Guo JJ, Zhang Q, Yau YM, Yu Y, Zhong ZH, Tong ZY, Yang ZB, Chen M. Effects of Electroacupuncture on the Gut Microbiome in Cisplatin-Induced Premature Ovarian Failure Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:9352833. [PMID: 35321505 PMCID: PMC8938064 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9352833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence showed that the gut microbiota was associated with premature ovarian failure (POF). Many clinical types of research had shown that electroacupuncture was effective in the treatment of POF. However, there was little research on regulating the gut microbiome of POF mice by electroacupuncture. Therefore, this study attempted to verify whether electroacupuncture could regulate the gut microbiome in POF mice. POF mice were established by being injected intraperitoneally with cisplatin (2 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. Guanyuan (CV4) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) were selected in the electroacupuncture-at-the-acupoints group (EA group). Nonacupoints around CV4 and SP6 were selected in the electroacupuncture-at-the-nonacupoints group (EN group). The EA group and EN group were treated for 3 weeks. The ovarian function was evaluated by histopathological and molecular assays. Meanwhile, the gut microbiome of all mice was detected by 16S rDNA sequencing. The results showed that EA could restore the estrous cycle and reduce the number of atresia follicles in POF mice. The levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were decreased by EA. As well, the levels of serum estradiol, anti-Mullerian hormone, and β-glucuronidase were increased by EA. The relative expressions of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR were increased to promote the proliferation of ovarian cells in the EA group. According to the results of 16S rDNA sequencing, the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiome could be regulated by EA. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria was increased by EA. The KEGG pathway analysis showed that the gut microbiome associated with the estrogen signaling pathway, oocyte maturation, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was regulated by EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-da He
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jing-jing Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Yuen-ming Yau
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Zheng-hong Zhong
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Zi-yan Tong
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Zong-bao Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Min Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
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17
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Weng Z, Chen Y, Liang T, Lin Y, Cao H, Song H, Xiong L, Wang F, Shen X, Xiao J. A review on processing methods and functions of wheat germ-derived bioactive peptides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:5577-5593. [PMID: 34964419 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2021139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Wheat germ protein is a potential resource to produce bioactive peptides. As a cheap, safe, and healthy nutritional factor, wheat germ-derived bioactive peptides (WGBPs) provide benefits and great potential for biomedical applications. The objective of this review is to reveal the current research status of WGBPs, including their preparation methods and biological functions, such as antibacterial, anti-tumor, immune regulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, etc. We also reviewed the information in terms of the preventive ability of WGBPs to treat serious infectious diseases, to offer their reference to further research and application. Opinions on future research directions are also discussed. Through the review of previous research, we find that there are still some scientific issues in the basic research and industrialization process of WGBPs that deserve further exploration. Firstly, based on current complex enzymolysis, the preparation and production of WGBPs need to be combined with other advanced technology to achieve efficient and large-scale production. Secondly, studies on the bioavailability, biosafety, and mechanism against different diseases of WGBPs need to be carried out in different in vitro and in vivo models. More human experimental evidence is also required to support its industrial application as a functional food and nutritional supplement.HighlightsThe purification and identification of wheat germ-derived bioactive peptides.The main biological activities and potential mechanisms of wheat germ hydrolysates/peptides.Possible absorption and transport pathways of wheat germ hydrolysate/peptide.Wheat germ peptide shows a variety of health benefits according to its amino acid sequence.Current food applications and future perspectives of wheat germ protein hydrolysates/peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Weng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanrong Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Changshu Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu, China
| | - Yajuan Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
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Pediococcus pentosaceus IM96 Exerts Protective Effects against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection In Vivo. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122945. [PMID: 34945495 PMCID: PMC8700651 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a notorious and prevalent foodborne pathogen which can cause serious intestinal diseases. The antagonistic activity of probiotics against EHEC is promising, but most of the studies concerning this subject have been carried out in vitro. Specifically, the interaction between Pediococcus pentosaceus and EHEC O157:H7 in vivo has not been reported yet. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of P. pentosaceus IM96 on EHEC O157:H7-infected female mice in vivo. The results demonstrated that P. pentosaceus IM96 reduced the level of pro-inflammatory factors and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factors of EHEC O157:H7-infected mice. Furthermore, P. pentosaceus IM96 alleviated intestinal mucosal damage and increased the level of MUC-2, tight junction (TJ) proteins, and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The intestinal microbial community structure and the diversity and richness of the microbiota were also changed by P. pentosaceus IM96 treatment. In summary, P. pentosaceus IM96 exerted protective effects against EHEC O157:H7 via alleviating intestinal inflammation, strengthening the intestinal barrier function, and regulating intestinal microbiota, suggesting that P. pentosaceus IM96 might serve as a potential microbial agent to prevent and treat intestinal diseases caused by EHEC O157:H7 infection in the future.
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Qian Y, Gao Z, Wang C, Ma J, Li G, Fu F, Guo J, Shan Y. Effects of Different Treatment Methods of Dried Citrus Peel ( Chenpi) on Intestinal Microflora and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Healthy Mice. Front Nutr 2021; 8:702559. [PMID: 34434953 PMCID: PMC8381872 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.702559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chenpi is a kind of dried citrus peel from Citrus reticulata, and it is often used as traditional Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia and respiratory tract inflammation. In this study, to determine which way of chenpi treatment plays a better effect on the prevention of obesity in healthy mice, we conducted 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing for intestinal microbiota and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detector (GC/MSD) analysis for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) of female rats fed with either chenpi decoction or chenpi powder-based diet (n = 10 per group) for 3 weeks. Chenpi powder (CP) group significantly reduced abdominal adipose tissues, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and the serum level of total triacylglycerol (TG). At a deeper level, chenpi powder has a better tendency to increase the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes. It alters the Muribaculaceae and Muribaculum in intestinal microbiota, though it is not significant. The concentrations of acetic acid, valeric acid, and butyric acid increased slightly but not significantly in the CP group. Chenpi decoction just reduced perirenal adipose tissues, but it shows better antioxidant activity. It has little effect on intestinal microbiota. No differences were found for SCFAs in the chenpi decoction (CD) group. The results indicated that chenpi powder has a better effect in preventing obesity in mice. It can provide a basis for the development of functional products related to chenpi powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Qian
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China.,International Joint Lab on Fruits & Vegetables Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Zhipeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoyang Li
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China.,International Joint Lab on Fruits & Vegetables Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Fuhua Fu
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China.,International Joint Lab on Fruits & Vegetables Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jiajing Guo
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China.,International Joint Lab on Fruits & Vegetables Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Shan
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China.,International Joint Lab on Fruits & Vegetables Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Key Lab of Fruits & Vegetables Storage, Processing, Quality and Safety, Hunan Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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20
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Zhao Y, Liao AM, Liu N, Huang JH, Lv X, Yang CR, Chen WJ, Hou YC, Ma LJ, Hui M. Potential anti-aging effects of fermented wheat germ in aging mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Ojo BA, Lu P, Alake SE, Keirns B, Anderson K, Gallucci G, Hart MD, El-Rassi GD, Ritchey JW, Chowanadisai W, Lin D, Clarke S, Smith BJ, Lucas EA. Pinto beans modulate the gut microbiome, augment MHC II protein, and antimicrobial peptide gene expression in mice fed a normal or western-style diet. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 88:108543. [PMID: 33144228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The onset of type 2 diabetes in obesity is associated with gut dysbiosis and a failure to confine commensal bacteria and toxins to the gut lumen while prebiotics may prevent these effects. This study evaluated the effects of pinto beans (PB) supplementation on cecal bacteria, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), distal ileal antigen presentation marker (major histocompatibility complex [MHC] II) and antimicrobial peptide genes during short-term high-fat, high sucrose (HFS) feeding. Six-week-old, male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n=12/group), and fed a control (C) or HFS diet with or without cooked PB (10%, wt/wt) for 30 days. Supplemental PB in both the C and HFS diets decreased the abundance of Tenericutes and the sulfate-reducing bacteria Bilophila. In contrast, PB raised the abundance of taxa within the SCFAs-producing family, Lachnospiraceae, compared to groups without PB. Consequently, fecal butyric acid was significantly higher in PB-supplemented groups compared to C and HFS groups. PB reversed the HFS-induced ablation of the distal ileal STAT3 phosphorylation, and up-regulated antimicrobial peptide genes (Reg3γ and Reg3β). Furthermore, the expression of MHC II protein was elevated in the PB supplemented groups compared to C and HFS. Tenericutes and Bilophilia negatively correlated with activated STAT3 and MHC II proteins. Finally, supplemental PB improved fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance and suppressed TNFα and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in the visceral adipose tissue. Put together, the beneficial impact of PB supplementation on the gut may be central to its potential to protect against diet-induced inflammation and impaired glucose tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babajide A Ojo
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Peiran Lu
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Sanmi E Alake
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Bryant Keirns
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Kendall Anderson
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Grace Gallucci
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Matthew D Hart
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Guadalupe Davila El-Rassi
- Robert M Kerr Food and Agricultural Products Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jerry W Ritchey
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Winyoo Chowanadisai
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Dingbo Lin
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Stephen Clarke
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
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22
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Yao Y, Chen H, Yan L, Wang W, Wang D. Berberine alleviates type 2 diabetic symptoms by altering gut microbiota and reducing aromatic amino acids. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110669. [PMID: 32937246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Berberine (BBR), which is extracted from traditional Chinese herb, is abundant in Coptis chinensis and Berberis vulgaris, with a treatment on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its oral bioavailability is poor. Therefore, the ability of BBR to regulate gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites might exist. This study aimed to investigate changes in gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites, and to reveal the potential mechanism of BBR. METHODS To observe the role of gut microbiota in the treatment of T2DM by BBR, antibiotics intervened gut microbiota was used in this study, and the therapeutic effects of BBR were evaluated. A 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach was utilized to analyze gut microbiota alterations, and UHPLC-QTOF/MS-based untargeted metabolomics analysis of colon contents was used to identity differential intestinal metabolites. Finally, serum aromatic amino acids (AAAs) were absolutely quantified using LC/MS. RESULTS Inhibition of the blood glucose levels, and improvements in glucose tolerance and serum lipid parameters were observed in the BBR treated group. Type 2 diabetic symptoms in rats in the BA group (treated with antibotics and BBR) were alleviated. However, the therapeutical effects are weaker in the BA group compared with the BBR group, indicating that BBR can be used to treat type 2 diabetic rats immediately, and modulation of gut microbiota is related to the mechanism of BBR in the treatment of T2DM. The community richness and diversity of the gut microbiota were significantly increased by BBR, and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was increased in the BBR group, which was accompanied by a decreased relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia at the phylum level. At the family level, a probiotic Lactobacillaceae was significantly upregulated not only in the BBR group but also in the BA group and was negatively associated with the risk of T2DM. Metabolomic analysis of colon contents identified 55 differential intestinal metabolites between the BBR group and the model group. AAAs, including tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine, were obviously decreased in the BBR group not only in the colon contents but also in the serum. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that BBR could alleviate symptoms in type 2 diabetic rats by affecting gut microbiota composition and reducing the concentration of AAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Han Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Lijing Yan
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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23
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Wu L, Lyu Y, Srinivasagan R, Wu J, Ojo B, Tang M, El-Rassi GD, Metzinger K, Smith BJ, Lucas EA, Clarke SL, Chowanadisai W, Shen X, He H, Conway T, von Lintig J, Lin D. Astaxanthin-Shifted Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Inflammation and Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice. J Nutr 2020; 150:2687-2698. [PMID: 32810865 PMCID: PMC8023541 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astaxanthin is a red lipophilic carotenoid that is often undetectable in human plasma due to the limited supply in typical Western diets. Despite its presence at lower than detectable concentrations, previous clinical feeding studies have reported that astaxanthin exhibits potent antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVE We examined astaxanthin accumulation and its effects on gut microbiota, inflammation, and whole-body metabolic homeostasis in wild-type C57BL/6 J (WT) and β-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) knockout (KO) mice. METHODS Six-wk-old male and female BCO2 KO and WT mice were provided with either nonpurified AIN93M (e.g., control diet) or the control diet supplemented with 0.04% astaxanthin (wt/wt) ad libitum for 8 wk. Whole-body energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. Feces were collected from individual mice for short-chain fatty acid assessment. Hepatic astaxanthin concentrations and liver metabolic markers, cecal gut microbiota profiling, inflammation markers in colonic lamina propria, and plasma samples were assessed. Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc analysis. RESULTS BCO2 KO but not WT mice fed astaxanthin had ∼10-fold more of this compound in liver than controls (P < 0.05). In terms of the microbiota composition, deletion of BCO2 was associated with a significantly increased abundance of Mucispirillum schaedleri in mice regardless of gender. In addition to more liver astaxanthin in male KO compared with WT mice fed astaxanthin, the abundance of gut Akkermansia muciniphila was 385% greater, plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 was 27% greater, plasma glucagon and IL-1β were 53% and 30% lower, respectively, and colon NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation was 23% lower (all P < 0.05) in male KO mice than the WT mice. CONCLUSIONS Astaxanthin affects the gut microbiota composition in both genders, but the association with reductions in local and systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and improvement of metabolic homeostasis only occurs in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Yi Lyu
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Ramkumar Srinivasagan
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jinlong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Babajide Ojo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Minghua Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Katherine Metzinger
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Stephen L Clarke
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Winyoo Chowanadisai
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | | | - Hui He
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Tyrrell Conway
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Zhao X, Liu H, Wu Y, Hu N, Lei M, Zhang Y, Wang S. Intervention with the crude polysaccharides of Physalis pubescens L. mitigates colitis by preventing oxidative damage, aberrant immune responses, and dysbacteriosis. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2596-2607. [PMID: 32696986 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a colitis mouse model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to investigate the mechanisms of action of an extract of crude polysaccharides (POL) from Physalis pubescens L. as a dietary intervention for colitis. Our results showed that the administration of POL prior to DSS-induced colitis protected the colon mucosal layer; maintained intestinal barrier integrity; alleviated oxidative damage; and lowered neutrophil infiltration by downregulating intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression. More importantly, POL pretreatment reduced the expression of the proinflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), thereby modulating the nuclear factor-κB/iNOS-COX-2 signal transduction pathway. In addition, POL reversed DSS-induced gut dysbiosis, accompanied by reducing the relative abundance of Helicobacter, Mucispirillum, and Erysipelatoclostridium. In conclusion, POL ameliorated DSS-induced intestinal injury in mice, indicating that POL could be a useful dietary nutrient to protect against colitis. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Physalis pubescens L. is an edible fruit. The results of this study show that the intervention with Physalis pubescens L. crude polysaccharides may help prevent ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hengchao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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25
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A wheat germ-derived peptide YDWPGGRN facilitates skin wound-healing processes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:943-950. [PMID: 32059850 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Wheat germ derivatives have been shown to inhibit inflammation-related diseases. In this study, a small peptide (YDWPGGRN) isolated from wheat germ was used to study its anti-inflammatory activity and its application in skin wound healing. Both the in vitro and in vivo results clearly showed that YDWPGGRN significantly inhibited the LPS-stimulated NO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α production but promoted the release of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. In addition, YDWPGGRN directly enhanced the proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells and L929 cells. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that YDWPGGRN was able to stimulate angiogenesis and collagen production in wound areas, consequently accelerating the skin wound-healing processes in a rat model with a full thickness dermal wound. The current findings suggest that YDWPGGRN promotes wound healing by anti-inflammatory reactions and enhances the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes and fibroblasts; therefore, it may be applicable for skin wound therapeutics.
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26
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Yan T, Nian T, Liao Z, Xiao F, Wu B, Bi K, He B, Jia Y. Antidepressant effects of a polysaccharide from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) by anti-inflammation and rebalancing the gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 144:427-440. [PMID: 31862370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of a polysaccharide (OP), which is isolated from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench), in CUMS-induced mice and its possible mechanisms. OPT, FST and TST were employed to examine the anxiety and depressive behavior in CUMS-induced mice and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) CUMS-induced mice, while proinflammatory cytokines, TLR4/NF-κB pathway and MAPKs signaling were detected in both CUMS-induced mice and LPS-induced BV2 cells. The results showed that anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, gut microbiota dysbiosis and changes of SCFAs, and activation of inflammatory reactions in the colon, serum, and hippocampus of CUMS-induced mice, as well as activation of inflammatory reactions in BV2 cells, could be alleviated by the treatment of OP. The mice that were colonized by OP microbiota showed improved anxiety and depressive behaviors and lower inflammatory response. Furthermore, OP inhibited the expression of TLR4, the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and enhanced the MAPKs signaling, these effects of OP also observed in LPS-induced BV2 cells. Above all, suggested that the potential mechanism of the antidepressant-like effects of OP was closely correlated with the bidirectional communication of microbiota-gut-brain axis via regulation of inflammation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxu Yan
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tingting Nian
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhengzheng Liao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bosai He
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ying Jia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
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TGF-β1 promoted the infection of bovine mammary epithelial cells by Staphylococcus aureus through increasing expression of cells' fibronectin and integrin β1. Vet Microbiol 2019; 237:108420. [PMID: 31585649 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is a disease that affects dairy cattle and causes a decline in milk quality as well as economic loss worldwide. TGF-β1 levels are usually increased during mastitis; however, it is unknown whether TGF-β1 is involved in bovine mastitis. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of TGF-β1 on the susceptibility of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The results revealed that S. aureus adhesion to and invasion of BMECs was significantly increased after cells were treated with TGF-β1. Adhesion of S. aureus to BMECs was increased dramatically by upregulation of fibronectin (Fn) and integrin β1 (ITGB1), while the increase in the susceptibility of BMECs to S. aureus was blocked by specific antibodies against either Fn or ITGB1. These results indicated that adhesion and invasion were increased by TGF-β1-induced upregulation of both Fn and ITGB1. Furthermore, TGF-β1 treatment prior to S. aureus infection significantly increased S. aureus colonization as well as Fn and ITGB1 expression in the mammary glands of mice. These results suggest that TGF-β1 promoted the expression of Fn and ITGB1 on the surface of BMECs and contributed to mammary gland infection in vitro and in vivo. The results of this study imply that Fn and ITGB1 may be useful therapeutic targets for the treatment of mastitis in dairy cows.
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