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Yan L, Shi J, Zhu J. Cellular and molecular events in colorectal cancer: biological mechanisms, cell death pathways, drug resistance and signalling network interactions. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:294. [PMID: 39031216 PMCID: PMC11265098 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, affecting millions each year. It emerges from the colon or rectum, parts of the digestive system, and is closely linked to both genetic and environmental factors. In CRC, genetic mutations such as APC, KRAS, and TP53, along with epigenetic changes like DNA methylation and histone modifications, play crucial roles in tumor development and treatment responses. This paper delves into the complex biological underpinnings of CRC, highlighting the pivotal roles of genetic alterations, cell death pathways, and the intricate network of signaling interactions that contribute to the disease's progression. It explores the dysregulation of apoptosis, autophagy, and other cell death mechanisms, underscoring the aberrant activation of these pathways in CRC. Additionally, the paper examines how mutations in key molecular pathways, including Wnt, EGFR/MAPK, and PI3K, fuel CRC development, and how these alterations can serve as both diagnostic and prognostic markers. The dual function of autophagy in CRC, acting as a tumor suppressor or promoter depending on the context, is also scrutinized. Through a comprehensive analysis of cellular and molecular events, this research aims to deepen our understanding of CRC and pave the way for more effective diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Medical Department, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang Affiliated to University of South China, Shaoyang, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang Affiliated to University of South China, Shaoyang, China
| | - Jiazuo Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xuancheng City Central Hospital, No. 117 Tong Road, Xuancheng, Anhui, China.
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2
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Mohamadi M, Dousdampanis P, Ahmadi Z, Pourmasumi S, Naderi M, Zainodini N, Nazari A. Nut consumption and urogenital and genital, gastrointestinal and women-related cancers: Assessment and review. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2023; 9:277-287. [PMID: 37915385 PMCID: PMC10617366 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cancer, especially in industrial countries, is a major problem for health and treatment systems. Cancer can affect the quality of life of all family members and has many negative effects on the community. Despite many advances in cancer treatment, this disease is still a major worldwide problem. There is strong evidence that dietary habits are effective in protecting against cancer and even helping in the disease treatment progress. Nuts with various biologically-active compounds, such as vitamins, phytosterols, isoflavones, flavonoids, and polyphenols have been reported to possess anticarcinogenic properties. Accordingly, this review provides an insight into the association between nut consumption and the prevention of some cancers. We considered the cancers related to the urogenital and genital tract, gastrointestinal tract, as well as women-related cancers. Both cell culture examinations and experimental animal studies alongside observational epidemiological studies demonstrated that regular consumption of a nut-enriched diet is able to reduce the risk of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohamadi
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICOWorld safety organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | | | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Pistachio Safety Research CenterRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Soheila Pourmasumi
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali‐Ibn Abi‐Talib HospitalRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Monavare Naderi
- Vice Chancellor for Research and TechnologyRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Nahid Zainodini
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Alireza Nazari
- Department of Surgery, School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
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3
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Akhtar MS. The Variant Allele Frequency of CTLA-4 rs11571317 (-658 C/T) Polymorphism With Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility in the Saudi Population and Other Ethnic Groups. Cureus 2023; 15:e50091. [PMID: 38186404 PMCID: PMC10770638 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene are directly associated with the progression and onset of various human cancers. These SNPs are important prognostic biomarkers for the prediction and early onset of cancer risk. The variant frequency of the CTLA-4 rs11571317 (-658 C/T) polymorphism may be affecting the various ethnic groups differently. In the present study, the allelic frequency distribution of -658 C/T polymorphism was assessed in the population of Saudi Arabia and compared with other world populations. The data from different cancers were extracted from case-control studies in the various ethnic groups by using PubMed (MEDLINE) and similar web databases. The frequency of CTLA-4 rs11571317 (-658 C/T) variant allele (T) was observed to be 25.5% and different frequencies were found significant for India (p = 0.001), USA (p = 0.03), and China (p = 0.04), when the prevalence of Saudi Arabian population was compared to that of other population groups. The current finding reveals that there is a distinct pattern of CTLA-4 rs11571317 (-658 C/T) polymorphism variant allele in the populations of Saudi Arabia, may be because of the differences in ethnicity. The observed findings can help in the assessment of the risk for the population harboring the risk allele of rs11571317 (-658 C/T) SNP and toward their subsequent susceptibility to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Salman Akhtar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Baha University, Al Baha, SAU
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4
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Mishra BP, Mishra J, Paital B, Rath PK, Jena MK, Reddy BVV, Pati PK, Panda SK, Sahoo DK. Properties and physiological effects of dietary fiber-enriched meat products: a review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1275341. [PMID: 38099188 PMCID: PMC10720595 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1275341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat is a rich source of high biological proteins, vitamins, and minerals, but it is devoid of dietary fiber, an essential non-digestible carbohydrate component such as cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides. Dietary fibers are basically obtained from various cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and their by-products and have numerous nutritional, functional, and health-benefiting properties. So, these fibers can be added to meat products to enhance their physicochemical properties, chemical composition, textural properties, and organoleptic qualities, as well as biological activities in controlling various lifestyle ailments such as obesity, certain cancers, type-II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and bowel disorders. These dietary fibers can also be used in meat products as an efficient extender/binder/filler to reduce the cost of production by increasing the cooking yield as well as by reducing the lean meat content and also as a fat replacer to minimize unhealthy fat content in the developed meat products. So, growing interest has been observed among meat processors, researchers, and scientists in exploring various new sources of dietary fibers for developing dietary fiber-enriched meat products in recent years. In the present review, various novel sources of dietary fibers, their physiological effects, their use in meat products, and their impact on various physicochemical, functional, and sensory attributes have been focused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidyut Prava Mishra
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Biswaranjan Paital
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Prasana Kumar Rath
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - B. V. Vivekananda Reddy
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, India
| | - Prasad Kumar Pati
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Susen Kumar Panda
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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5
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Liu X, Li D, Gao W, Zhao W, Jin L, Chen P, Liu H, Zhao Y, Dong G. Identification of the shared gene signature and biological mechanism between type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1202849. [PMID: 37876593 PMCID: PMC10593476 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1202849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The correlation of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with colorectal cancer (CRC) has garnered considerable attention in the scientific community. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between these two diseases are yet to be elucidated. Hence, the present investigation aims to explore the shared gene signatures, immune profiles, and drug sensitivity patterns that exist between CRC and T2DM. Methods: RNA sequences and characteristics of patients with CRC and T2DM were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. These were investigated using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to determine the co-expression networks linked to the conditions. Genes shared between CRC and T2DM were analyzed by univariate regression, followed by risk prognosis assessment using the LASSO regression model. Various parameters were assessed through different software such as the ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, AND SSGSEA utilized for tumor immune infiltration assessment in the high- and low-risk groups. Additionally, pRRophetic was utilized to assess the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents in both groups. This was followed by diagnostic modeling using logistic modeling and clinical prediction modeling using the nomogram. Results: WGCNA recognized four and five modules that displayed a high correlation with T2DM and CRC, respectively. In total, 868 genes were shared between CRC and T2DM, with 14 key shared genes being identified in the follow-up analysis. The overall survival (OS) of patients in the low-risk group was better than that of patients in the high-risk group. In contrast, the high-risk group exhibited higher expression levels of immune checkpoints The Cox regression analyses established that the risk-score model possessed independent prognostic value in predicting OS. To facilitate the prediction of OS and cause-specific survival, the nomogram was established utilizing the Cox regression model. Conclusion: The T2DM + CRC risk-score model enabled independent prediction of OS in individuals with CRC. Moreover, these findings revealed novel genes that hold promise as therapeutic targets or biomarkers in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Liu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dingchang Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxing Gao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lujia Jin
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanglong Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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6
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Jing Y, Li C, Du T, Jiang T, Sun H, Yang J, Shi L, Gao M, Grzegorzek M, Li X. A comprehensive survey of intestine histopathological image analysis using machine vision approaches. Comput Biol Med 2023; 165:107388. [PMID: 37696178 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is currently one of the most common and deadly cancers. CRC is the third most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. It ranks as the second most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and other developed countries. Histopathological images contain sufficient phenotypic information, they play an indispensable role in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. In order to improve the objectivity and diagnostic efficiency for image analysis of intestinal histopathology, Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) methods based on machine learning (ML) are widely applied in image analysis of intestinal histopathology. In this investigation, we conduct a comprehensive study on recent ML-based methods for image analysis of intestinal histopathology. First, we discuss commonly used datasets from basic research studies with knowledge of intestinal histopathology relevant to medicine. Second, we introduce traditional ML methods commonly used in intestinal histopathology, as well as deep learning (DL) methods. Then, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent developments in ML methods for segmentation, classification, detection, and recognition, among others, for histopathological images of the intestine. Finally, the existing methods have been studied, and the application prospects of these methods in this field are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Jing
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Li
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Tianming Du
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; International Joint Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinzhu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liyu Shi
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Minghe Gao
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Marcin Grzegorzek
- Institute for Medical Informatics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany; Department of Knowledge Engineering, University of Economics in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, China.
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7
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Aust DE, Baretton GB, Sommer U. [Ulcerative colitis-associated carcinogenesis : An update]. PATHOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 44:294-300. [PMID: 37311872 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-023-01207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease beginning in the rectum and gradually extending to the right-sided colon and the terminal ileum (backwash-ileitis). Its causes are still not completely understood. Genetic susceptibility, changes in the microbiota and immune response, as well as environmental factors are thought to influence the disease course.Patients with UC are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) when compared to an age-matched normal population. Cancer risk increases with early onset, duration, and extent of the disease, with development of strictures, intraepithelial neoplasia, and concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis.In contrast to the sporadic adenoma-carcinoma-sequence, UC-related CRC develops through an inflammation-intraepithelial neoplasia-carcinoma-sequence, in which genetic alterations already occur in the inflamed epithelium before the development of intraepithelial neoplasia.This article summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding UC-related carcinogenesis and its possible impact on prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela E Aust
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden an der TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland.
| | - Gustavo B Baretton
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden an der TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Ulrich Sommer
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden an der TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland
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8
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Narayana SH, Mushtaq U, Shaman Ameen B, Nie C, Nechi D, Mazhar IJ, Yasir M, Sarfraz S, Shlaghya G, Khan S. Protective Effects of Long-Term Usage of Cyclo-Oxygenase-2 Inhibitors on Colorectal Cancer in Genetically Predisposed Individuals and Their Overall Effect on Prognosis: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e41939. [PMID: 37588311 PMCID: PMC10425701 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern, accounting for significant cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advancements in early detection and treatment modalities, the prevention of CRC remains a critical goal. Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme involved in the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins, which play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Elevated COX-2 expression has been consistently observed in colorectal tumors, indicating their role in the pathogenesis of cancer. COX-2 inhibitors, such as celecoxib and rofecoxib, have been studied as potentially effective treatment modalities due to their ability to decrease prostaglandin levels, which are generally higher in cancer patients. Aberrant prostaglandin production is linked to the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, during which adenomas turn dysplastic and accumulate enough damage to become malignant. COX-2 inhibitors have also been shown to modulate various signaling pathways involved in CRC development, such as wingless-related integration site/β-catenin (Wnt/β-catenin), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathways. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the protective effects of long-term usage of COX-2 inhibitors on CRC in genetically predisposed individuals and their overall effect on the prognosis of the disease. The researchers conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and collected data from several databases, including PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The search strategy combined keywords related to CRC, COX-2 inhibitors, protective effects, and prognosis. They identified 1189 articles and shortlisted 26 full-text articles that met the eligibility criteria. Quality assessment tools, such as the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Review (AMSTAR) for systematic reviews, the Cochrane bias assessment tool for randomized control trials, the scale for the assessment of narrative review articles (SANRA) checklist for narrative reviews, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool for cross-sectional studies and case reports, are used. This review's conclusions will assist in determining the effectiveness of COX-2 inhibitors to prevent CRC. This review may also contribute to developing guidelines for clinicians to manage genetically predisposed individuals with CRC. Furthermore, the results of this review will shed light on the potential of COX-2 inhibitors as a preventive measure against CRC in genetically predisposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Harsha Narayana
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ujala Mushtaq
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Basim Shaman Ameen
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Chuhao Nie
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Daniel Nechi
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Iqra J Mazhar
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Mohamed Yasir
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Saba Sarfraz
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Gandhala Shlaghya
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Safeera Khan
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Al-Harbi N, Abdulla MH, Vaali-Mohammed MA, Bin Traiki T, Alswayyed M, Al-Obeed O, Abid I, Al-Omar S, Mansour L. Evidence of Association between CTLA-4 Gene Polymorphisms and Colorectal Cancers in Saudi Patients. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040874. [PMID: 37107632 PMCID: PMC10138150 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) has been identified as an immunosuppressive molecule involved in the negative regulation of T cells. It is highly expressed in several types of autoimmune diseases and cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). (1) Objective: To explore the association between CTLA-4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and risk to (CRC) in the Saudi population. (2) Methods: In this case-control study, 100 patients with CRC and 100 matched healthy controls were genotyped for three CTLA-4 SNPs: rs11571317 (-658C > T), rs231775 (+49A > G) and rs3087243 (CT60 G > A), using TaqMan assay method. Associations were evaluated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for five inheritance models (co-dominant, dominant, recessive, over-dominant and log-additive). Furthermore, CTLA-4 expression levels were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (Q-RT-PCR) in colon cancer and adjacent colon tissues. (3) Results: Our result showed a significant association of the G allele (OR = 2.337, p < 0.0001) and GG genotype of the missense SNP +49A > G with increased risk of developing CRC in codominant (OR = 8.93, p < 0.0001) and recessive (OR = 16.32, p < 0.0001) models. Inversely, the AG genotype was significantly associated with decreased risk to CRC in the codominant model (OR = 0.23, p < 0.0001). In addition, the CT60 G > A polymorphism exhibited a strong association with a high risk of developing CRC for the AA genotype in codominant (OR = 3.323, p = 0.0053) and in allele models (OR = 1.816, p = 0.005). No significant association was found between -658C > T and CRC. The haplotype analysis showed that the G-A-G haplotype of the rs11571317, rs231775 and rs3087243 was associated with high risk for CRC (OR = 57.66; p < 0.001). The CTLA-4 mRNA gene expression was found significantly higher in tumors compared to normal adjacent colon samples (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Our findings support an association between the CTLA-4 rs231775 (+49A > G) and rs3087243 (CT60 G > A) polymorphisms and CRC risk in the Saudi population. Further validation in a larger cohort size is needed prior to utilizing these SNPs as a potential screening marker in the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Al-Harbi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha-Hamadien Abdulla
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Thamer Bin Traiki
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alswayyed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Al-Obeed
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islem Abid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Al-Omar
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamjed Mansour
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Kurnaz-Gomleksiz O, Torun BC, Isbir T, Bulut T, Sokucu N, Yilmaz-Aydogan H, Canbay E. The Role of PPAR-gamma C161T Polymorphism in Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility. In Vivo 2022; 36:1911-1915. [PMID: 35738614 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study aimed to determine the role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARg) C161T genotype and allele frequencies in predisposition to colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS PPARg C161T (His447His; rs3856806) gene polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in patients with CRC (n=101) and controls (n=238). RESULTS The T161 allele (CT+TT genotypes) of PPARg C161T polymorphism was associated with CRC development (p<0.001; OR=3.239, 95%CI=1.997-5.252). Subgroup analysis showed that the T161 allele was associated with a 3.056-fold increased risk for colon cancer (CC) (p<0.001; 95%CI=1.709-5.464) and 3.529-fold increased risk for rectal cancer (RC) (p<0.001; 95%C=1.784-6.981). Frequencies of the T161 allele were also higher in total CRC and CC patients with poorly differentiated tumors (p<0.001, c2=30,601, OR=3.109; 95%CI=1.970-4.906 and p<0.001, Fisher exact test, respectively). CONCLUSION PPARg T161 allele carriers have increased risk for developing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Kurnaz-Gomleksiz
- Altınbaş University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Canbay Torun
- Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgay Isbir
- Yeditepe University, Department of Molecular Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turker Bulut
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Necmettin Sokucu
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yilmaz-Aydogan
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Canbay
- NPO Treatment Center for Peritoneal Disseminated Diseases (NPO HIPEC ISTANBUL), Istanbul, Turkey
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Proanthocyanidin oligomers extract from hawthorn mediates cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and lysosome vacuolation on HCT116 cells. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:904-917. [PMID: 36686366 PMCID: PMC9846341 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Hawthorn oligomic procyanidins extracts (HPOE) were evaluated for their anticancer activity on colorectal cancer. Our results showed that HPOE arrested HCT116 cells cycle at G2/M phase through P53-Cyclin B pathway and promoted apoptosis partly via mitochondrial (Caspase 9-Caspase 3) and death receptor (Caspase 8-Caspase 3) pathways. Meanwhile, it was found that HPOE aggravated HCT116 cells death through lysosomal vacuolation, which was verified by inhibitor/activator of P53-ILC3 signaling pathway. Taken together, HPOE exerted anticancer effects which lays the foundation for the development of functional foods for clinical colon cancer patients.
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12
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Penley MJ, Byrd DA, Bostick RM. Associations of Evolutionary-Concordance Diet and Lifestyle Pattern Scores with Incident, Sporadic Colorectal Adenoma in a Pooled Case-Control Study. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:2075-2087. [PMID: 35102803 PMCID: PMC10041860 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2002919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Differences in diet and lifestyle relative to those of our Paleolithic-era ancestors may explain current high incidences of chronic diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC), in Westernized countries. Previously reported evolutionary-concordance diet and lifestyle pattern scores, reflecting closeness of diet and lifestyle patterns to those of Paleolithic-era humans, were associated with lower CRC incidence. Separate and joint associations of the scores with colorectal adenoma among men and women are unknown. To address this, we pooled data from three case-control studies of incident, sporadic colorectal adenomas (n = 771 cases, 1,990 controls), used participants' responses to food frequency and lifestyle questionnaires to calculate evolutionary-concordance diet and lifestyle pattern scores, and estimated the scores' associations with adenomas using multivariable unconditional logistic regression. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios comparing those in the highest relative to the lowest diet and lifestyle score quintiles were 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62, 1.12; Ptrend:0.03) and 0.41 (95% CI 0.29, 0.59; Ptrend:<0.0001), respectively. The inverse associations were stronger for high-risk adenomas, and among those with both high relative to those with both low diet and lifestyle scores. These results suggest that more evolutionary-concordant diet and lifestyle patterns, separately and jointly, may be associated with lower risk for incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.2002919 .
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Affiliation(s)
- McKenna J Penley
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Doratha A Byrd
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Roberd M Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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13
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Cabral LKD, Mapua CA, Natividad FF, Sukowati CHC, Cortez ER, Enriquez MLD. MutL homolog 1 methylation and microsatellite instability in sporadic colorectal tumors among Filipinos. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:2101-2113. [PMID: 35070045 PMCID: PMC8713326 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i12.2101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in terms of incidence and second in mortality worldwide. In CRC, the silencing of mismatch repair genes, including the mutL homolog 1 (hMLH1) has been linked to microsatellite instability (MSI), the lengthening or shortening of microsatellite repeats. Very limited data have been presented so far on the link of hMLH1 methylation and MSI in Southeast Asia populations with sporadic CRC, and on its clinical significance.
AIM To investigate the significance of the MSI status and hMLH1 methylation in CRC Filipino patients.
METHODS Fifty-four sporadic CRC patients with complete clinical data were included in this study. Genomic DNA from CRC tumor biopsies and their normal tissue counterparts were profiled for MSI by high resolution melting (HRM) analysis using the Bethesda Panel of Markers (BAT25, BAT26, D2S123, D5S346, and D17S250). hMLH1 methylation screening was performed using bisulfite conversion and methylation specific polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was conducted to calculate their associations to clinicopathological characteristics and survival relevance (Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test).
RESULTS hMLH1 methylation was observed in 9% and 35% of CRC and normal samples, respectively. Higher incidence of consistently methylated hMLH1 found in both normal and CRC was noticed for relation to location of tumor (P < 0.05). As for MSI status, D2S123 the most common unstable microsatellite and MSI-high (MSI-H) was the most common MSI profile, counted for 46% and 50% of normal and CRC tissues, respectively. The presence of MSI-low (MSI-L) and microsatellite stable (MSS) was 43% and 11% for normal, and 31% and 19% for CRC samples. The mean month of patients’ survival was shorter in patients whose normal and tumor tissues had methylated compared to those with unmethylated hMLH1 and with MSI-H compared to those with MSI-L/MSS (P < 0.05). This was supported by significant difference in Kaplan-Meier with log-rank analysis. This data indicated that hMLH1 methylation and high MSI status have prognostic value.
CONCLUSION This study showed the clinical significance of hMLH1 methylation and MSI status in sporadic CRC Filipino patients, especially in the normal part of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loraine Kay D Cabral
- Research and Biotechnology Group, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City 1112, Philippines
- Centro Studi Fegato, Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUS, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Cynthia A Mapua
- Research and Biotechnology Group, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City 1112, Philippines
| | - Filipinas F Natividad
- Research and Biotechnology Group, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City 1112, Philippines
| | | | - Edgardo R Cortez
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City 1112, Philippines
| | - Ma Luisa D Enriquez
- Research and Biotechnology Group, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City 1112, Philippines
- Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, Manila 1004, Philippines
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The incidence, treatment and survival of patients with rare types of rectal malignancies in the Netherlands: A population-based study between 1989 and 2018. Eur J Cancer 2021; 152:183-192. [PMID: 34118528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe the incidence, treatment and survival of patients with rare types of rectal malignancies in the Netherlands. METHODS Data of patients with rectal malignancies diagnosed in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2018 were retrieved from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and grouped according to the RARECARE cancer list. Age-standardised incidence rates were calculated using the European Standard Rate. The Joinpoint Regression Program was used for analysing trends and joinpoints and for the estimation of annual percentage changes (APCs). Patient characteristics, treatment details and relative survival (RS) were reported for different histological types of rectal malignancies and compared between different time periods. RS was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test. RESULTS A total of 88,299 cases of rectal malignancies were included of which 2125 (2.5%) were categorised as rare histological subtypes. The incidence of rectal neuro-endocrine tumours (NET) (APC: 6.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.4%; 7.1%), rectal sarcoma (APC: 5.8%, 95% CI: 2.9%; 8.7%) and rectal adenocarcinoma (APC 1.0%, 95% CI: 0.26%; 1.8%) increased. Prognosis was best in patients with rectal NET (5-year RS: 72.4%, 95% CI: 70.1%; 74.7%) and worst in patients with rectal melanoma (5-year RS: 8.9%, 95% CI: 5.1%; 15.7%). RS has improved in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma, rectal sarcoma and rectal lymphoma in 2008-2018 (p-values p < 0.001, p = 0.023 and p = 0.029). CONCLUSION Significant increases in incidence were observed for different types of rectal malignancies. Differences in incidence, treatment and survival found in this study could be useful to make clinicians aware of specific diseases.
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15
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Comprehensive Evaluation of Late Season Peach Varieties ( Prunus persica L.): Fruit Nutritional Quality and Phytochemicals. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092818. [PMID: 34068685 PMCID: PMC8126153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peaches are one of the most preferred seasonal fruits, and a reliable source of nutrients. They possess biologically active substances that largely differ among varieties. Hence, revealing the potential of several late season peaches is of present interest. Three commonly consumed varieties ("Flat Queen"; "Evmolpiya"; "Morsiani 90") were studied in terms of nutritive and phytochemical content, as well as antioxidant activity with the use of reliable spectrophotometric and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) methods. An analysis of the soil was also made. The phytochemical data were subjected to principal component analysis in order to evaluate their relationship. The "Morsiani 90" variety had the highest minerals concentration (2349.03 mg/kg fw), total carbohydrates (16.21 g/100 g fw), and α-tocopherol (395.75 µg/100 g fresh weight (fw)). Similar amounts of TDF (approx. 3 g/100 g fw) were reported for all three varieties. "Flat Queen's" peel extract was the richest in monomeric anthocyanins (2279.33 µg cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3GE)/100 g fw). The "Morsiani 90" variety extracts had the highest antioxidant potential, defined by 2,2-diphenil-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays.
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16
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Zhu L, Li X, Yuan Y, Dong C, Yang M. APC Promoter Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:653222. [PMID: 33968756 PMCID: PMC8103321 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.653222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, known as tumor suppressor gene, has the two promoters 1A and 1B. Researches on APC have usually focused on its loss-of-function variants causing familial adenomatous polyposis. Hypermethylation, however, which is one of the key epigenetic alterations of the APC CpG sequence, is also associated with carcinogenesis in various cancers. Accumulating studies have successively explored the role of APC hypermethylation in gastrointestinal (GI) tumors, such as in esophageal, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, and hepatic cancer. In sporadic colorectal cancer, the hypermethylation of CpG island in APC is even considered as one of the primary causative factors. In this review, we systematically summarized the distribution of APC gene methylation in various GI tumors, and attempted to provide an improved general understanding of DNA methylation in GI tumors. In addition, we included a robust overview of demethylating agents available for both basic and clinical researches. Finally, we elaborated our findings and perspectives on the overall situation of APC gene methylation in GI tumors, aiming to explore the potential research directions and clinical values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caixia Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Wu M, Li X, Huang W, Chen Y, Wang B, Liu X. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T(UBE2T) promotes colorectal cancer progression by facilitating ubiquitination and degradation of p53. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101493. [PMID: 32736946 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The expression level of Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) is upregulated in various types of human tumors. We explored the correlation and regulatory mechanism of UBE2T in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the expression of UBE2T in the CRC tissues and cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining, spearman correlation analysis, and Kaplan Meier-survival analysis were used to demonstrate the correlation between UBE2T high expression level and the clinical characteristics of malignant patients and the overall survival. The proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of CRC cells were analyzed by cell transfection, MTT, colony formation, scratch assay, transwell, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of cell proliferation and apoptosis related proteins and ubiquitination of p53 were detected by western blot. RESULTS UBE2T was up-regulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and high expression level of UBE2T was correlated with the clinical characteristics of malignant of CRC patients (P<0.05), and patients with high expression level of UBE2T had lower overall survival (P=0.0455). In addition, UBE2T could promote the growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis of CRC cells and inhibit the apoptosis. At the same time, knockdown of UBE2T inhibited the growth of transplanted tumor in mice of subcutaneous CRC model. Moreover, our experimental results proved that UBE2T regulated the expression of downstream related proteins through ubiquitination of p53 protein to promote the occurrence and development of CRC. CONCLUSION Our study elucidated that high expression of UBE2T would enhance the development of CRC, and then further explored its molecular mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that UBE2T facilitated ubiquitination and degradation of p53, which predicts the possibility of UBE2T as one of molecular diagnosis markers, prognostic indicators and therapeutic drug targets of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiong Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570311, China
| | - Xianglu Li
- Department of Oncology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570311, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiu Hua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou City, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiu Hua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou City, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Baochun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiu Hua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou City, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiu Hua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou City, 570311, Hainan Province, China.
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TUFT1 Facilitates Metastasis, Stemness, and Vincristine Resistance in Colorectal Cancer via Activation of PI3K/AKT Pathway. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1018-1032. [PMID: 33634374 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing in recent years, the research on the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer has attracted more and more attention. Here, our results confirmed that the mRNA expression level and proteins accumulation of TUFT1 were significantly increased in CRC tissues from late-stage CRC patients (III + IV) (p < 0.001), indicated by qPCR and IHC assay. The TUFT1 expression was positively correlated with tumor stage by analyzing 126 specimens from CRC patients. Next, we found that up-regulation of TUFT1 enhanced the migration and invasion of LoVo cells, whereas the down-regulation of TUFT1 observably weakened the migration and invasion of SW837 cells, indicating that TUFT1 promotes the metastasis of CRC cells. In addition, TUFT1 overexpression increased the number of mammary spheres and vincristine resistance of LoVo cells by sphere formation assay and measuring the IC50 value, suggesting the TUFT1 promotes stemness and the vincristine resistance of CRC cells. Finally, we found that TUFT1 overexpression increased p-AKT in LoVo cells, while down-regulation of TUFT1 decreased the p-AKT levels in SW837 cells. Therefore, we determined that the function of TUFT1 in CRC depends on PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, these data demonstrated that TUFI1 facilitates metastasis, stemness, and vincristine resistance of colorectal cancer cells via activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, which might act as a promising therapeutic target for CRC.
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Caramujo-Balseiro S, Faro C, Carvalho L. Metabolic pathways in sporadic colorectal carcinogenesis: A new proposal. Med Hypotheses 2021; 148:110512. [PMID: 33548761 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Given the reports made about geographical differences in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) occurrence, suggesting a link between dietary habits, genes and cancer risk, we hypothesise that there are four fundamental metabolic pathways involved in diet-genes interactions, directly implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis: folate metabolism; lipid metabolism; oxidative stress response; and inflammatory response. Supporting this hypothesis are the evidence given by the significant associations between several diet-genes polymorphisms and CRC, namely: MTHFR, MTR, MTRR and TS (involved in folate metabolism); NPY, APOA1, APOB, APOC3, APOE, CETP, LPL and PON1 (involved in lipid metabolism); MNSOD, SOD3, CAT, GSTP1, GSTT1 and GSTM1 (involved in oxidative stress response); and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β (involved in inflammatory response). We also highlight the association between some foods/nutrients/nutraceuticals that are important in CRC prevention or treatment and the four metabolic pathways proposed, and the recent results of genome-wide association studies, both assisting our hypothesis. Finally, we propose a new line of investigation with larger studies, using accurate dietary biomarkers and investigating the four metabolic pathways genes simultaneously. This line of investigation will be essential to understand the full complexity of the association between nature and nurture in CRC and perhaps in other types of cancers. Only with this in-depth knowledge will it be possible to make personalised nutrition recommendations for disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Caramujo-Balseiro
- Institute of Anatomical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Faro
- Department of Life Sciences - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; UC Biotech, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Lina Carvalho
- Institute of Anatomical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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20
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Interplay between APC and ALDH1B1 in a newly developed mouse model of colorectal cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109274. [PMID: 33007288 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene are pivotal in colorectal tumorigenesis. Recently, we demonstrated that aldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1 (ALDH1B1) knockdown dramatically reduced colon tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. The purpose of the present preliminary study is to examine the effect of loss of ALDH1B1 in CRC development in an inducible colon-specific Apc mouse model. METHODS ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre mice develop uni-allelic inactivation of Apc specifically in colon epithelial cells following tamoxifen treatment. Aldh1b1-/- KO mice were crossed with ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre mice. Six-month-old male ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre/Aldh1b1-/-, and ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre/Aldh1b1+/+ mice were treated with tamoxifen (50 mg/kg, i.p.) for three consecutive days. ApcW/F/Aldh1b1-/- and ApcW/F/Aldh1b1+/+ mice were treated with corn oil (i.e., tamoxifen vehicle control) for three consecutive days. Eighteen days later, mice were sacrificed and their colons examined microscopically, macroscopically and histologically for the presence of adenoma. RESULTS All ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre/Aldh1b1+/+ and ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre/Aldh1b1-/- mice treated with tamoxifen developed colorectal adenoma. The ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre/Aldh1b1-/- mice showed a significant decrease in the total volume of all ileal and colonic adenomas, and decreased incidence of large colonic adenoma compared to ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre/Aldh1b1+/+ mice. Immunohistochemical analysis of p53 and β-catenin showed a trend toward decreased expression score in colonic adenomas of ApcW/FCdx2ERT2-Cre/Aldh1b1-/- mice. CONCLUSION The present preliminary study suggests that deletion of ALDH1B1 may protect against the full development of colorectal cancer. Further mechanistic studies are required to elucidate how ALDH1B1 contributes for colorectal cancer.
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21
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Song L, Yang C, He XF. Individual and combined effects of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms on colorectal cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20201927. [PMID: 32776111 PMCID: PMC7447855 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence or absence of glutathione S-transferase M1 gene (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase T1 gene (GSTT1) polymorphisms, and their combined effects have been suggested as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the results are inconsistent. OBJECTIVES An updated meta-analysis was performed to solve the controversy. METHODS Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were used. RESULTS Overall, the GSTM1 null genotype was associated with an increased CRC risk in Caucasians (odds ratio (OR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-1.23), Asians (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08-1.32), high-quality studies (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.06-1.18). Moreover, the GSTM1 null genotype was also associated with an increased colon cancer risk (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.16-1.51). The GSTT1 null genotype was also associated with an increased CRC risk in Asians (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.15) and Caucasians (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09-1.41). Moreover, The GSTT1 null genotype was associated with an increased rectal cancer risk (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.27, I2 = 8.3%) in subgroup analysis by tumor location. Last, the GSTM1 null/GSTT1 null genotype was associated with an increased CRC risk in Asians. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis indicates that the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes are associated with increased CRC risk in Asians and Caucasians, and the GSTM1 null/GSTT1 null genotype was associated with increased CRC risk in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Song
- Endoscopy Room, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi, Changzhi, 046000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- Teaching Reform Class of 2016, First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi, Changzhi, 046000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng He
- Department of Science and Education, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi, Changzhi, 046000, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Meng J, Xue L, Chang Y, Zhang J, Chang S, Liu K, Liu S, Wang B, Yang K. Automatic detection and segmentation of adenomatous colorectal polyps during colonoscopy using Mask R-CNN. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:588-596. [PMID: 33817247 PMCID: PMC7968546 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main alimentary tract system malignancies affecting people worldwide. Adenomatous polyps are precursors of CRC, and therefore, preventing the development of these lesions may also prevent subsequent malignancy. However, the adenoma detection rate (ADR), a measure of the ability of a colonoscopist to identify and remove precancerous colorectal polyps, varies significantly among endoscopists. Here, we attempt to use a convolutional neural network (CNN) to generate a unique computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system by exploring in detail the multiple-scale performance of deep neural networks. We applied this system to 3,375 hand-labeled images from the screening colonoscopies of 1,197 patients; of whom, 3,045 were assigned to the training dataset and 330 to the testing dataset. The images were diagnosed simply as either an adenomatous or non-adenomatous polyp. When applied to the testing dataset, our CNN-CAD system achieved a mean average precision of 89.5%. We conclude that the proposed framework could increase the ADR and decrease the incidence of interval CRCs, although further validation through large multicenter trials is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Linyan Xue
- College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jianguang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Shilong Chang
- College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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Zhang Z, Ji M, Lv Y, Feng Q, Zheng P, Mao Y, Xu Y, He G, Xu J. A signature predicting relapse based on integrated analysis on relapse-associated alternative mRNA splicing in I-III rectal cancer. Genomics 2020; 112:3274-3283. [PMID: 32544549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Researches focusing on the effects of alternative splicing (AS) on relapse of rectal cancer is little and signature based on the AS is blank. In this study, bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify and analyze the relapse-associated ASs, a signature was also constructed. In conclusion, 829 relapse-associated ASs of 676 mRNA were identified. 603 proteins with 2119 interactions were involved in the PPI (protein-protein interactions) network. 43 relapse-associated ASs and 64 SFs (splicing factors) with 160 interactions were indicated. Finally, we built a robust signature to predict the relapse of I-III rectal cancer with a high AUC (0.98) of ROC at 1 year. Based on the ASs involved in the signature, 4 molecular subgroups that could distinguish the relapse rate in diverse groups were identified. Our research provided an overview of relapse-associated ASs in I-III rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiling Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyang Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihao Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqiu Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guodong He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Oh HJ, Lee HA, Moon CM, Ryu DR. The Combined Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes on the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Depends on Sex: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:506-514. [PMID: 32469174 PMCID: PMC7256003 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.6.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are considered factors increasing the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), their impact on CRC is not fully understood. This study was aimed to investigate the impact of CKD, DM, or both diseases on the risk of CRC and to evaluate sex differences therein. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using data from the National Health Insurance Service-Health Examination Cohort in Korea, we conducted a 1:2 matched case-control study. The disease groups consisted of CKD-/DM+ (n=17700), CKD+/DM- (n=22643), and CKD+/DM+ groups (n=8506). After 1:2 matching by age, sex, and health examination year and month, the healthy control group consisted of 97698 individuals. RESULTS Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the CKD-/DM+, CKD+/DM-, and CKD+/DM+ groups were independently associated with an increased incidence of CRC, compared with controls [hazard ratio (HR), 1.34, 1.31, and 1.63, respectively; all p<0.001]. Compared to the controls, adjusted HRs for the cumulative incidence of CRC in the CKD-/DM+, CKD+/DM-, and CKD+/DM+ groups were, respectively, 1.32, 1.26, and 1.43 in male and 1.38, 1.39, and 2.00 in female. The HR for CRC incidence was significantly higher for the CKD+/DM+ group than for the CKD-/DM+ or CKD+/DM- group in female; however, this significant difference was not observed in male. CONCLUSION In female, having both CKD and DM significantly increases the risk of CRC, compared with having CKD or DM alone. This study suggests a significant difference in the effect of CKD or DM on the risk of CRC according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Jung Oh
- Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute for Human Health Information, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ah Lee
- Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Mo Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Dong Ryeol Ryu
- Research Institute for Human Health Information, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
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Development of Molecularly Imprinted Membranes for Selective Determination of Urinary Ultra-Trace 5-Fluorouracil as Antineoplastic Drug Used in Chemotherapy. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Song N, Lee J, Cho S, Kim J, Oh JH, Shin A. Evaluation of gene-environment interactions for colorectal cancer susceptibility loci using case-only and case-control designs. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1231. [PMID: 31849324 PMCID: PMC6918639 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 40 colorectal cancer susceptibility loci, but only a small fraction of heritability was explained. To account for missing heritability, we investigated gene-environment interactions (G × Es) between GWAS-identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and established risk or protective factors for colorectal cancer using both case-only and case-control study designs. METHODS Data on 703 colorectal cancer cases and 1406 healthy controls from the National Cancer Center in Korea were used. We tested interactions between 31 GWAS-identified SNPs and 13 established risk or protective factors for colorectal cancer (family history, body mass index, history of colorectal polyps, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes mellitus, alcohol drinking, smoking, regular exercise, regular aspirin use, postmenopausal hormone replace therapy, red meat and processed meat intake, and dairy consumption). Logistic regression models were used to assess G × Es for colorectal cancer risk. RESULTS The SNP rs4444235 at 14q22.2 interacted with regular exercise in colorectal cancer (pcase-only = 2.4 × 10- 3, pcase-control = 1.5 × 10- 3). The risk allele (C) of rs4444235 increased the risk of colorectal cancer in regularly exercising individuals (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.02-2.10) but decreased the risk in non-exercising individuals (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.62-0.94). Furthermore, the G × E between the SNP rs2423279 at 20p12.3 and regular aspirin use was statistically significant (pcase-only = 7.7 × 10- 3, pcase-control = 1.6 × 10- 3). The additive effect of the risk allele (T) of rs2423279 on colorectal cancer risk was increased among regular aspirin users (OR = 4.62, 95% CI = 1.97-10.80). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that SNP rs4444235 at 14q22.2 and SNP rs2423279 at 20p12.3 may interact with regular exercise and aspirin use in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Song
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jeeyoo Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooyoung Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Oh
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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27
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Al-Shibli SM, Harun N, Ashour AE, Mohd Kasmuri MHB, Mizan S. Expression of leptin and leptin receptors in colorectal cancer-an immunohistochemical study. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7624. [PMID: 31592340 PMCID: PMC6778430 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is demonstrated to be a risk factor in the development of cancers of various organs, such as colon, prostate, pancreas and so on. Leptine (LEP) is the most renowned of the adipokines. As a hormone, it mediates its effect through leptin receptor (LEPR), which is widely expressed in various tissues including colon mucosa. In this study, we have investigated the degree of expression of LEP and LEPR in colorectal cancer (CRC). We collected 44 surgically resected colon cancer tissues along with normal adjacent colon tissue (NACT) from a sample of CRC patients from the Malaysian population and looked for leptin and leptin receptors using immunohistochemistry (IHC). All the samples showed low presence of both LEP and LEPR in NACT, while both LEP and LEPR were present at high intensity in the cancerous tissues with 100% and 97.7% prevalence, respectively. Both were sparsed in the cytoplasm and were concentrated beneath the cell membrane. However, we did not find any significant correlation between their expression and pathological parameters like grade, tumor size, and lymph node involvement. Our study further emphasizes the possible causal role of LEP and LEPR with CRC, and also the prospect of using LEPR as a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M Al-Shibli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Norra Harun
- Pathology Department, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Abdelkader E Ashour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hanif B Mohd Kasmuri
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Shaikh Mizan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia as the proof-of-principle model for implementing strategies of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in healthcare. EPMA J 2019; 11:119-131. [PMID: 32140189 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-019-00186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among Saudi males and ranks third in females with up to 73% of cases diagnosed at late stage. This review provides an analysis of CRC situation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) from healthcare perspective. A PUBMED (1986-2018) search was done to identify publications focusing on CRC in KSA. Due to reports of increased CRC incidence among young age group (< 50), and given the young population of KSA, the disease may burden the national healthcare system in the next decades. Environmental factors attributed to increasing incidence rates of CRC include red meat consumption, sedentary lifestyle, and increased calorie intake. Despite substantial investment in healthcare, attention to predictive diagnostics and targeted prevention is lacking. There is a need to develop national screening guidelines based on evidence that supports a reduction in incidence and mortality of CRC when screening is implemented. Future approaches are discussed based on multi-level diagnostics, risk assessment, and population screening programs focused on the needs of young populations that among others present the contents of the advanced approach by predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine. Recommendations are provided that could help to develop policies at regional and national levels. Countries with demographics and lifestyle similar to KSA may gain insights from this review to shape their policies and procedures.
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Anon B, Perray C, Regnault D, Caulet M, Orain I, Godart B, Pages JC, Tallet A, Ouaissi M, Guyetant S, Barin-le Guellec C, Lecomte T. A study of the association between UGT1A1*28 variant allele of UGT1A1 gene and colonic phenotype of sporadic colorectal cancer. Dig Liver Dis 2019; 51:579-583. [PMID: 30583998 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transcriptional activity of the UGT1A1 gene is modulated by a variable number of repetitions of the dinucleotide (TA) within its promoter region. By comparison to the most common allele (TA)6 (UGT1A1*1), decreased activity is observed with increasing TA repetitions. The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of the variant allele UGT1A1*28, harbouring seven TA repetitions, (TA)7, in the homozygous state, is associated with precancerous colonic lesions and/or with specific colorectal cancer characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS All patients treated for colorectal cancer in a tertiary care centre, between January 2009 and December 2013, who had routine UGT1A1 genotyping for irinotecan dose-adjustment were included. Data were retrospectively collected. RESULTS 292 patients were enrolled, including 23 UGT1A1*28/*28 homozygous (7.9%), 137 wild type homozygous (46.9%) and 132 heterozygous (45.2%). There were no significant differences in phenotypic colonic characteristics between homozygous and heterozygous patients carrying the UGT1A1*28 allele as compared to *1/*1 homozygous. Patients treated with aspirin were significantly more common in the UGT1A1*28/*28 homozygous group than in the other groups (7/23 (30.4%) compared to 22/269 (8.2%), p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Dinucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of the UGT1A1 gene is not associated with a specific colonic phenotype in patients with sporadic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Anon
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours, France.
| | - Clémence Perray
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours, France
| | - David Regnault
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours, France
| | - Morgane Caulet
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours, France
| | | | - Bruno Godart
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours, France
| | | | - Anne Tallet
- Platform of Somatic Tumour Molecular Genetics, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Chantal Barin-le Guellec
- University of Tours, Tours, France; Department of Molecular Biology, Tours, France; INSERM, UMR 1248, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Thierry Lecomte
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Tours, France; EA 7501 (GICC), Université de Tours, France
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30
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Kwan AK, Um CY, Rutherford RE, Seabrook ME, Barry EL, Fedirko V, Baron JA, Bostick RM. Effects of vitamin D and calcium on expression of MSH2 and transforming growth factors in normal-appearing colorectal mucosa of sporadic colorectal adenoma patients: A randomized clinical trial. Mol Carcinog 2018; 58:511-523. [PMID: 30499618 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of the DNA mismatch repair protein MSH2 and autocrine/paracrine transforming growth factors TGFα (growth promoter) and TGFβ1 (growth inhibitor) is common during colorectal carcinogenesis. To estimate vitamin D and calcium effects on these biomarkers in the normal-appearing colorectal mucosa of sporadic colorectal adenoma patients, we conducted a pilot, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, modified 2 × 2 factorial chemoprevention clinical trial (N = 104) of supplemental vitamin D3 (1000 IU daily) and calcium (1200 mg daily), alone and in combination, versus placebo over 1 year. The expression of the three biomarkers and Ki-67/mib-1 in colorectal crypts in biopsies of normal-appearing rectal mucosa were detected using automated immunohistochemistry and quantified using image analysis. In the vitamin D3 and vitamin D3 plus calcium groups, relative to their reference groups, in the upper 40% (differentiation zone) of crypts, it was estimated that, respectively, the MSH2/mib-1 ratio increased by 47% (P = 0.14) and 62% (P = 0.08), TGFβ1 expression increased by 41% (P = 0.25) and 78% (P = 0.14), and the TGFα/TGFβ1 ratio decreased by 25% (P = 0.31) and 44% (P = 0.13). Although not statistically significant, these results support further research into (i) whether supplemental vitamin D3 , alone or in combination with calcium, may increase DNA mismatch repair relative to proliferation, increase TGFβ1 expression, and decrease autocrine/paracrine growth promotion relative to growth inhibition in the colorectal epithelium, all hypothesized to reduce risk for colorectal carcinogenesis; and (ii) the expression of MSH2 relative to mib-1, TGFβ1 alone, and TGFα relative to TGFβ1 in the normal-appearing rectal mucosa as potential modifiable, pre-neoplastic markers of risk for colorectal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert K Kwan
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Caroline Y Um
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Robin E Rutherford
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Elizabeth L Barry
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John A Baron
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Roberd M Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Mhaidat NM, Al-Wedyan TJ, Alzoubi KH, Al-Efan QM, Al-Azzam SI, Balas QA, Bataineh ZA. Measuring quality of Life among Colorectal Cancer Patients in Jordan. J Palliat Care 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/082585971403000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Quality of life among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients was evaluated using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ) C30 and EORTC QLQ-CR29. We interviewed 74 CRC patients, and our results indicated lower anxiety functional scores and higher abdominal pain and embarrassment symptom scores among patients aged 55 and under. Patients with disease metastasis showed significantly lower global health scores and higher fatigue, loss of appetite, hair loss, and change in taste symptom scores. Scores for emotional functioning were significantly lower among patients with stage IV disease. Fatigue, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and change in taste symptom scores were significantly higher in patients treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy compared to surgery alone. Age, disease metastasis, late disease stage, and combined treatment modalities were associated with lower scores on health-related quality-of-life scales; patients likely to have low scores on these measures should receive special attention from healthcare providers and be targeted by supportive care strategies. Nous avons évalué la qualité de vie de patients atteints du cancer colorectal à l'aide du Questionnaire C30 et EORTC QLQ-CR29 de l'Organisation européenne pour la recherche et le traitement du cancer. Nous avons interviewé 74 patients et nos résultats indiquent que les patients agés de 55 ans et moins éprouvent un moindre niveau d'anxiété alors que le niveau de douleurs abdominales et du sentiment de gêne est élevé. Les patients atteints de métastases ont démontré lors des tests que leur état général de santé était plutôt mauvais et qu'ils souffraient de fatigue accrue, de perte de cheveux et de la perte du goût L'état émotionel était à son plus bas chez les patients au stade IV de la maladie. La fatigue, la nausée, le vomissement, la perte d'appétit, les douleurs abdominales, et la perte de goût étaient significativement plus élevés chez les patients ayant été traités par chirurgie et chimiothérapie comparativement à ceux qui n'avaient subi que la chirurgie. L'âge, les métastases et le stade avancé de la maladie combinés à divers traitements médicaux sont les facteurs ayant contribué aux scores plus bas observés sur l'échelle de qualité de vie. Les patients susceptibles de démontrer de faibles résultats devraient recevoir une attention spéciale de la part des soignants et être la cible de soins de soutien appropriés à leur état.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar M. Mhaidat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, PO Box 3030, Jordan
| | - Tahani J. Al-Wedyan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Qais M. Al-Efan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sayer I. Al-Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Qosay A. Balas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ziad A. Bataineh
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Differences in risk factor-colorectal adenoma associations according to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 30:1318-1326. [PMID: 30161027 PMCID: PMC6156923 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because multiple observational studies and large, randomized controlled trials indicate that NSAIDs strongly reduce the risk of colorectal neoplasms, we investigated whether NSAID use masks associations of various other risk factors with colorectal neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using pooled data from three case-control studies of incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma (pooled n=789 cases, 2035 polyp-free controls), using multivariable logistic regression, we investigated various risk factor-colorectal adenoma associations stratified by NSAID use. RESULTS Example multivariable-adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for those in the highest relative to the lowest quartiles of exposure, by regular nonaspirin NSAID nonuse/use, respectively, were 1.57 (95% CI: 0.96-2.55) versus 1.14 (95% CI: 0.37, 3.49) for total fat, 1.37 (95% CI: 0.86-2.18) versus 0.70 (95% CI: 0.23-2.25) for saturated fat, 0.93 (95% CI: 0.68-1.28) versus 1.30 (95% CI: 0.61-2.75) for calcium, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.64-1.23) versus 1.38 (95% CI: 0.65-2.94) for total fruits and vegetables, and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.65-1.11) versus 0.94 (95% CI: 0.52-1.71) for physical activity. For current versus never smokers, the odds ratios (95% CIs) among regular non-NSAID users/nonusers were 2.91 (95% CI: 2.22-3.82) versus 1.75 (95% CI: 0.90-3.41), respectively, and for those who were obese versus those who were normal weight, they were 1.67 (95% CI: 1.28-2.17) versus 1.19 (95% CI: 0.69-2.04), respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that regular nonaspirin NSAID use may mask, beyond simple confounding, associations of major risk factors with colorectal adenoma, and support routinely assessing such associations stratified by regular nonaspirin NSAID use.
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Abstract
Systems composed of many components which interact with each other and lead to unpredictable global behaviour, are considered as complex systems. In a biological context, complex systems represent living systems composed of a large number of interacting elements. In order to study these systems, a precise mathematical modelling was typically used in this context. However, this modelling has limitations in the structural understanding and the behavioural study. In this sense, formal computational modelling is an approach that allows to model and to simulate dynamical properties of these particular systems. In this paper, we use Hybrid Functional Petri Net (HFPN), a Petri net extension dedicated to study and verify biopathways, to model and study the Methionine metabolic pathway. Methionine and its derivatives play significant roles in human bodies. We propose a set of simulations for the purpose of studying and analysing the Methionine pathway’s behaviour. Our simulation results have shown that several important abnormalities in this pathway are related to sever diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disease, cancers and others.
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Ho V, Peacock S, Massey TE, Godschalk RW, van Schooten FJ, Ashbury JE, Vanner SJ, King WD. Bulky DNA adduct levels in normal-appearing colon mucosa, and the prevalence of colorectal adenomas. Biomarkers 2018; 23:735-741. [PMID: 29871536 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1485055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine the association between bulky DNA adduct levels in colon mucosa and colorectal adenoma prevalence, and explore the correlation between adduct levels in leukocytes and colon tissue. METHODS Bulky DNA adduct levels were measured using 32P-postlabelling in biopsies of normal-appearing colon tissue and blood donated by 202 patients. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between DNA adducts, and interactions of DNA adduct-DNA repair polymorphisms, with the prevalence of colorectal adenomas. Correlation between blood and tissue levels of DNA adducts was evaluated using Spearman's correlation coefficient. RESULTS An interaction between bulky DNA adduct levels and XPA rs1800975 on prevalence of colorectal adenoma was observed. Among individuals with lower DNA repair activity, increased DNA adduct levels were associated with increased colorectal adenoma prevalence (OR = 1.41 per SD increase, 95%CI: 0.92-2.18). Conversely, among individuals with normal DNA activity, an inverse association was observed (OR = 0.60 per SD increase, 95%CI: 0.34-1.07). Blood and colon DNA adduct levels were inversely correlated (ρ = -0.20). CONCLUSIONS Among genetically susceptible individuals, higher bulky DNA adducts in the colon was associated with the prevalence of colorectal adenomas. The inverse correlation between blood and colon tissue measures demonstrates the importance of quantifying biomarkers in target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikki Ho
- a University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM) , Montréal , Canada.,b Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, ESPUM , University of Montréal , Montréal , Canada
| | - Sarah Peacock
- c Department of Public Health Sciences , Queen's University , Kingston , Canada
| | - Thomas E Massey
- d Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences , Queen's University , Kingston , Canada
| | - Roger W Godschalk
- e Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Frederik J van Schooten
- e Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Janet E Ashbury
- c Department of Public Health Sciences , Queen's University , Kingston , Canada
| | - Stephen J Vanner
- f Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit (GIDRU) , Queen's University , Kingston , Canada
| | - Will D King
- c Department of Public Health Sciences , Queen's University , Kingston , Canada
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Laporte GA, Leguisamo NM, Kalil AN, Saffi J. Clinical importance of DNA repair in sporadic colorectal cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 126:168-185. [PMID: 29759559 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, despite the scientific efforts to provide a molecular classification to improve CRC clinical practice management, prognosis and therapeutic decision are still strongly dependent on the TNM staging system. Mismatch repair system deficiencies can occur in many organs, but it is mainly a hallmark of CRC influencing clinical outcomes and response to therapy. This review will discuss the effect of the modulation of other DNA repair pathways (direct, excision and double strand break repairs) in the clinical and pathological aspects of colorectal cancer and its potential as prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Laporte
- Surgical Oncology Service, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natalia M Leguisamo
- Institute of Cardiology/University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antonio N Kalil
- Surgical Oncology Service, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jenifer Saffi
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Chong DQ, Banbury BL, Phipps AI, Hua X, Kocarnik J, Peters U, Berndt SI, Huang WY, Potter JD, Slattery ML, White E, Campbell PT, Harrison T, Newcomb PA, Chan AT. Association of family history and survival in patients with colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of eight epidemiologic studies. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2192-2199. [PMID: 29582567 PMCID: PMC5943468 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) in first‐degree relatives (FDRs) increases the risk of CRC. However, the influence of family history on survival among CRC patients remains unclear. We conducted a pooled analysis of survival in 5010 incident CRC cases. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association of family history with overall survival (OS) and CRC‐specific survival (CSS). We also assessed the impact of the number of affected FDRs and age at CRC diagnosis in the affected FDRs on survival. Among CRC cases, 819 (16%) patients reported a family history of CRC. There were 1580 total deaths over a median follow‐up of 4.6 years, of which 1046 (66%) deaths were due to CRC. Having a family history of CRC was not associated with OS [hazard ratio (HR), 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.89–1.19] or CSS (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.95–1.36)]. There were no associations between the number of affected relatives or age at CRC diagnosis of the affected relative with survival (all Ptrend > 0.05). However, a family history of CRC did confer worse CSS in patients diagnosed with distal colon cancer (HR, 1.45, 95% CI, 1.03–2.04). A family history of CRC was generally not associated with survival after CRC diagnosis. However, having a family history of CRC was associated with worse CRC prognosis in individuals with distal colon cancer, suggesting a possible genetic predisposition with distinct pathogenic mechanism that may lead to worse survival in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Q Chong
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barbara L Banbury
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Xinwei Hua
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jonathan Kocarnik
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Institute of Translational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John D Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington.,Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tabitha Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Distribution of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Colorectal Cancer Patients and Its Association with Mucinous Adenocarcinoma. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.5301/jbm.2010.6119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the difference in the distribution of an insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) polymorphism (-2995 C/A) between young and old colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods Information from 950 CRC patients undergoing surgery at the Taipei Veterans General Hospital between 2000 and 2005 was collected. The IGF-1 polymorphism was analyzed in patients in extreme age ranges at the time of CRC onset (i.e., under the 20th and above the 80th percentiles, respectively). Associations between clinicopathological variables and the IGF-1 polymorphism were analyzed. Results Young CRC patients had a higher frequency of advanced disease (58.7%) and mucinous adenocarcinoma (20%) than old CRC patients. Among old CRC patients, the frequency of the AA genotype of IGF-1 was 12.7% (24/189), which was significantly higher than in young patients (4.2%). Other clinicopathological factors including tumor location, differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and TNM stage were not associated with the AA genotype of IGF-1. Mucinous differentiation (but not the other clinicopathological factors) was significantly associated with the CA/AA genotype of IGF-1 (39/195). Conclusions Older patients had a higher frequency of the AA genotype of IGF-1(-2995 C/A), while younger patients more often had advanced disease and mucinous adenocarcinoma.
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Gasparini B, Valadão M, Miranda-Filho A, Silva CMFPD. [Analysis of the age-period-cohort effect on mortality from colorectal cancer in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, from 1980 to 2014]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2018; 34:e00038017. [PMID: 29538496 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00038017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of the effect of age, period, and birth cohort on mortality from colorectal cancer. The study analyzed data on deaths from this cancer in individuals over 35 years of age in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM) from 1980 to 2014. Mortality rates were calculated by gender and age bracket. The effect of age, period, and birth cohort was estimated by the method that uses estimable functions: deviations, curves, and drift in the Epi library of the R software. Standardized mortality rates from colorectal cancer were 27.37/100,000 men and 21.83/100,000 women in 2014. The data showed an increase in mortality from this cancer from 1980 to 2014, and mortality rates were higher in men than in women after the 1990s. Age effect was observed with an increase in the rates and aging. Generational analysis showed lower risk of death in older versus younger cohorts, possibly related to the adoption of the Western lifestyle. This scenario underscores the need for screening strategies aimed at early diagnosis and treatment of precursor lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Gasparini
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de janeiro, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Marcus Valadão
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Abstract
The analysis of dietary patterns has recently drawn considerable attention as a method of investigating the association between the overall whole diet and the risk of colorectal cancer. However, the results have yielded conflicting findings. Here, we carried out a meta-analysis to identify the association between dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer. A total of 40 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The highest category of 'healthy' dietary pattern compared with the lowest category was apparently associated with a decreased risk for colorectal cancer [odds ratio (OR)=0.75; confidence interval (CI): 0.68-0.83; P<0.00001]. An increased risk of colorectal cancer was shown for the highest compared with the lowest category of a 'western-style' dietary pattern (OR=1.40; CI: 1.26-1.56; P<0.00001). There was an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the highest compared with the lowest category of 'alcohol-consumption' pattern (OR=1.44; CI: 1.13-1.82; P=0.003). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that a 'healthy' dietary pattern may decrease the risk of colorectal cancer, whereas 'western-style' and 'alcohol-consumption' patterns may increase the risk of colorectal cancer.
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Polyphenols in Colorectal Cancer: Current State of Knowledge including Clinical Trials and Molecular Mechanism of Action. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4154185. [PMID: 29568751 PMCID: PMC5820674 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4154185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been reported to have wide spectrum of biological activities including major impact on initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer by modulating different signalling pathways. Colorectal cancer is the second most major cause of mortality and morbidity among females and the third among males. The objective of this review is to describe the activity of a variety of polyphenols in colorectal cancer in clinical trials, preclinical studies, and primary research. The molecular mechanisms of major polyphenols related to their beneficial effects on colorectal cancer are also addressed. Synthetic modifications and other future directions towards exploiting of natural polyphenols against colorectal cancer are discussed in the last section.
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Song N, Shin A, Jung HS, Oh JH, Kim J. Effects of interactions between common genetic variants and smoking on colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:869. [PMID: 29258461 PMCID: PMC5737484 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3886-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified variants in approximately 40 susceptibility loci for colorectal cancer (CRC), there are few studies on the interactions between identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and lifestyle risk factors. We evaluated whether smoking could modify associations between these genetic variants and CRC risk. Methods A total of 703 CRC patients and 1406 healthy controls were included in this case-control study from the National Cancer Center in Korea. Thirty CRC susceptibility SNPs identified in previous GWAS were genotyped. A logistic regression model was used to examine associations between the SNPs and smoking behaviors by sex. The interaction was estimated by including an additional interaction term in the model. Results In men, an increased CRC risk was observed for longer durations (OR>28 vs. ≤28years = 1.49 (95% CI = 1.11–1.98)), greater quantities (OR≥20 vs. <20cigarettes/day = 2.12 (1.61–2.79)), and longer pack-years of smoking (OR≥21 vs. <21pack-years = 1.78 (1.35–2.35)). In women, longer pack-years of smoking significantly increased CRC risk (OR≥5 vs. <5pack-years = 6.11 (1.10–34.00)). Moreover, there were significant interactions between smoking status and the polymorphisms rs1957636 at 14q22.3 (Pinteraction = 5.5 × 10−4) and rs4813802 at 20p12.3 (Pinteraction = 0.04) in men. Interactions between smoking status and the rs6687758 at 1q41 (Pinteraction = 0.03), duration and the rs174537 at 11q12.2 (Pinteraction = 0.05), and pack-years and the rs4813802 (Pinteraction = 0.04) were also found in women. Conclusions Associations between susceptibility SNPs and CRC risk may be modified by smoking behaviors, supporting the existence of gene-smoking interactions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3886-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Song
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea. .,Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
| | - Hye Soo Jung
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Oh
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea. .,Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Insandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, South Korea.
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Xie M, Zhao F, Zou X, Jin S, Xiong S. The association between CCND1 G870A polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8269. [PMID: 29049220 PMCID: PMC5662386 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CyclinD1 (CCND1) is a key cell cycle regulatory protein. A large number of epidemiological studies have assessed the potential correlation between the CCND1 G870A polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but their findings have been inconsistent. To obtain a more precise understanding of the association between the G870A polymorphism in the CCND1 gene and the CRC risk, we conducted a more comprehensive meta-analysis. METHODOLOGY We searched PubMed, Ovid, Springer, Weipu, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases, covering all publications (the last search was updated on January 10, 2017). The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from a fixed effect or random effect model. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 10.0 software. RESULTS A total of 7276 CRC patients and 9667 controls from 27 publications were included in this meta-analysis. We found that compared with GG homozygote genetic model, AA, AG, AA + AG genetic models of the CCND1 G870A polymorphism were significantly associated with overall CRC risk (AA homozygote genetic model: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.10-1.49; AG heterozygote genetic model: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.06-1.25; AA homozygote + AG heterozygote genetic model: OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.07-1.33). Subgroup analyses by ethnicity and cancer location showed that A carriers were consistently associated with a significantly increased risk of CRC in all subsets of participants (Asian and Caucasian; colon cancer and rectal cancer). When stratified by study design, we found a significant association in hospital-based studies (HB), but no significant associations were found in either population-based studies (PB) or family-based studies (FB). According to subgroup analysis by cancer type, the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer (sCRC) and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) were not correlated with the CCND1 G870A polymorphism, except AG (AG vs GG: OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.11-1.53). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the CCND1 G870A polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of CRC, especially that A carriers may be a major risk factor for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xie
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital
| | - Fen Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Zou
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital
| | - Shuai Jin
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital
| | - Shaoquan Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital
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Sharafeldin N, Slattery ML, Liu Q, Franco-Villalobos C, Caan BJ, Potter JD, Yasui Y. Multiple Gene-Environment Interactions on the Angiogenesis Gene-Pathway Impact Rectal Cancer Risk and Survival. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101146. [PMID: 28956832 PMCID: PMC5664647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of gene-environment interactions (GEIs) in cancer is limited. We aimed at identifying GEIs in rectal cancer focusing on a relevant biologic process involving the angiogenesis pathway and relevant environmental exposures: cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and animal protein intake. We analyzed data from 747 rectal cancer cases and 956 controls from the Diet, Activity and Lifestyle as a Risk Factor for Rectal Cancer study. We applied a 3-step analysis approach: first, we searched for interactions among single nucleotide polymorphisms on the pathway genes; second, we searched for interactions among the genes, both steps using Logic regression; third, we examined the GEIs significant at the 5% level using logistic regression for cancer risk and Cox proportional hazards models for survival. Permutation-based test was used for multiple testing adjustment. We identified 8 significant GEIs associated with risk among 6 genes adjusting for multiple testing: TNF (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.11), TLR4 (OR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.38, 3.98), and EGR2 (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.78) with smoking; IGF1R (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.72), TLR4 (OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.22, 3.60) and EGR2 (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.46) with alcohol; and PDGFB (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.92) and MMP1 (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.24, 4.81) with protein. Five GEIs were associated with survival at the 5% significance level but not after multiple testing adjustment: CXCR1 (HR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.13, 3.75) with smoking; and KDR (HR = 4.36, 95% CI: 1.62, 11.73), TLR2 (HR = 9.06, 95% CI: 1.14, 72.11), EGR2 (HR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.42, 4.22), and EGFR (HR = 6.33, 95% CI: 1.95, 20.54) with protein. GEIs between angiogenesis genes and smoking, alcohol, and animal protein impact rectal cancer risk. Our results support the importance of considering the biologic hypothesis to characterize GEIs associated with cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Sharafeldin
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | | | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
| | - John D Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, P.O. Box 756, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
- Department of Epidemiology & Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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López de Las Hazas MC, Piñol C, Macià A, Motilva MJ. Hydroxytyrosol and the Colonic Metabolites Derived from Virgin Olive Oil Intake Induce Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6467-6476. [PMID: 28071050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
After the sustained consumption of virgin olive oil (VOO), the unabsorbed native phenols (mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT)) are transformed into its catabolites in the intestine by microbials. The role of these catabolites in preventing colon cancer has not been sufficiently investigated. This work aims to study the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities in colon (Caco-2; HT-29) cancer cell lines of the main catabolites detected in human feces (phenylacetic, phenylpropionic, hydroxyphenylpropionic, and dihydroxyphenylpropionic acids and catechol), after the sustained VOO intake. Additionally, an assessment of the ability of these colonic cells to metabolize the studied compounds was performed. The results showed that HT and phenylacetic and hydroxyphenylpropionic acids produce cell cycle arrest and promote apoptosis. HT-29 cells were more sensitive to phenol treatments than Caco-2. In synthesis, the results of the present study represent a good starting point for understanding the potential apoptotic and antiproliferative effects of VOO phenolic compounds and their colonic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Food Technology Department, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Lleida , Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Carme Piñol
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida) , Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Alba Macià
- Food Technology Department, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Lleida , Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria-José Motilva
- Food Technology Department, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Lleida , Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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SINDROMES HEREDITARIOS QUE PREDISPONEN AL DESARROLLO DEL CANCER COLORRECTAL. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Hessami Arani S, Kerachian MA. Rising rates of colorectal cancer among younger Iranians: is diet to blame? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:e131-e137. [PMID: 28490936 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.3226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (crc) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world. Although the incidence of crc is currently very low in the older Iranian population compared with Western populations, young Iranians show a rising trend of crc-that is, the age-adjusted rate is close in the young Iranian population compared with the U.S. population, and the rate in older Iranians is much lower. METHODS To assess a putative relationship between diet and a rising rate of crc in younger Iranians, a combined text word and mesh heading search strategy identified relevant studies through Google Scholar and medline. RESULTS A critical look at diet among Iranians shows major issues that might be raising the risk for crc. There are also scenarios other than diet for the rise, such as the young age structure of the country. However, the actual scenario is more complex. CONCLUSIONS In Iran, crc is one of the most common incident cancers and a common cause of cancer death. Primary and secondary prevention-with attention to a healthy lifestyle, physical activity, and screening-should be enhanced in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M A Kerachian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.,Cancer Genetics Research Unit, Reza Radiation Oncology Center; and.,Department of Medical Genetics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Vuitton L, Jaillet C, Jacquin E, Monnien F, Heberle M, Mihai MI, Lassabe C, Raffoul J, Puyraveau M, Lakkis Z, Lamfichekh N, Picard A, Prétet JL, Mougin C, Valmary-Degano S. Human papillomaviruses in colorectal cancers: A case-control study in western patients. Dig Liver Dis 2017; 49:446-450. [PMID: 27931969 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers. As in other cancer locations, the involvement of human papillomaviruses (HPV) has been suggested but remains highly debated with wide differences among reported prevalence of HPV infection in CRCs. AIM To determine the actual prevalence of high risk HPV16 and 18 in a large case-control study. METHODS CRC specimens were used for analysis of both tumor and distant healthy tissue. As a non-malignant control group, samples from sigmoid diverticulosis resections were studied. Detection of HPV16 and HPV18 DNA was performed using a real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Ten percent of tumor samples were also randomly subjected to a complete HPV genotyping using the INNO-LiPA technique. RESULTS 467 samples were analyzed: 217 tumor samples from 210 CRCs, 210 distant healthy tissue samples, and 40 sigmoid samples. HPV18 DNA was never amplified and HPV16 was amplified only three times in tumor tissues with viral loads under or at the limit of quantification. New extraction from the same tumor blocks for these samples revealed no HPV with qPCR and INNO-Lipa assays. CONCLUSION With adequate procedures and reliable techniques, no HPV was detected in the largest case-control study so far, bringing more evidence on the absence of involvement of HPV in CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucine Vuitton
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France; Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, EA3181, Besançon, France.
| | - Carine Jaillet
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, EA3181, Besançon, France
| | - Elise Jacquin
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, EA3181, Besançon, France; Signalling Department, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Franck Monnien
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Marine Heberle
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Maria I Mihai
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | | | - Johnny Raffoul
- Department of Pathology, Belfort-Montbéliard Hospital, France
| | - Marc Puyraveau
- Centre de Méthodologie Clinique, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Zaher Lakkis
- Department of Digestive and Oncologic Surgery - Liver Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Najib Lamfichekh
- Department of Sigestive Surgery, Belfort-Montbéliard Hospital, France
| | - Alain Picard
- Department of Sigestive Surgery, Belfort-Montbéliard Hospital, France
| | - Jean-Luc Prétet
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, EA3181, Besançon, France; Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Christiane Mougin
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, EA3181, Besançon, France; Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Séverine Valmary-Degano
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, EA3181, Besançon, France; Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
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Xinhua J, Yanfei Z. Association between ALDH 2 Glu504Lys polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Afr Health Sci 2017; 17:108-115. [PMID: 29026383 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v17i1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The findings from studies on the relationship between aldehyde dehydrogenases(ALDH) gene Glu504Lys polymorphism and colorectal cancer(CRC) were inconsistent. OBJECTIVES The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess ALDH gene Glu504Lys polymorphism and CRC risk. METHODS All of the relevant studies were identified from PubMed and Embase database. Statistical analyses were conducted with STATA 12.0 software. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) values were applied to evaluate the strength of the association. Nine studies with 2779 cases and 4533 controls were included. RESULTS No significant variation in CRC risk was detected in any of the genetic models overall. To explore the sources of heterogeneity,we performed further sub-group analyses by ethnicity and quality assessment of these studies. In the sub-group analysis by race, significant associations between ALDH gene Glu504Lys polymorphism and CRC risk were found in China(Glu/Lys vs Glu/Glu: OR = 0.70, 95%CI = 0.57-0.85; the dominant model: OR =0.69, 95%CI =0.48-0.98) and Japan(Lys/Lys vs Glu/Glu:OR =0.72, 95%CI =0.55-0.95). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that the ALDH2 Glu504Lys polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to CRC. Furthermore, large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm these conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhao Yanfei
- Clinical laboratory of Quzhou Women's hospital
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49
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Koerner J, Brunner T, Groettrup M. Inhibition and deficiency of the immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 suppress the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma in mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:50873-50888. [PMID: 28881611 PMCID: PMC5584212 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New treatment options and drug targets for colorectal carcinoma are a pressing medical need. Inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by Th1 and Th17 cells like IL-6, TNF, IL-17 and IL-23 promote the development and growth of colorectal cancer (CRC). The immunoproteasome is a proteasome subtype highly expressed in immune cells but also in the intestine. Since the immunoproteasome promotes Th1 and Th17 differentiation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, we investigated here whether deficiency or inhibition of the immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 would interfere with CRC development and exacerbation in preventive and therapeutic mouse models. Treatment with the LMP7 inhibitor ONX 0914 blocked tumor initiation and progression in either chemically-induced (AOM/DSS) or transgenic mouse models (ApcMin/+) of colon carcinogenesis. ONX 0914 treatment strongly reduced tumor numbers and CRC-associated loss of body weight while the survival rates were significantly enhanced. Moreover, genetic LMP7 deficiency markedly reduced the tumor burden in AOM/DSS induced wild type and ApcMin/+ mice. In conclusion, we show that the immunoproteasome is involved in CRC development and progression and we identify LMP7 as a new potential drug target for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Koerner
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Thomas Brunner
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marcus Groettrup
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz (BITg), Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
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50
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Amos CI, Dennis J, Wang Z, Byun J, Schumacher FR, Gayther SA, Casey G, Hunter DJ, Sellers TA, Gruber SB, Dunning AM, Michailidou K, Fachal L, Doheny K, Spurdle AB, Li Y, Xiao X, Romm J, Pugh E, Coetzee GA, Hazelett DJ, Bojesen SE, Caga-Anan C, Haiman CA, Kamal A, Luccarini C, Tessier D, Vincent D, Bacot F, Van Den Berg DJ, Nelson S, Demetriades S, Goldgar DE, Couch FJ, Forman JL, Giles GG, Conti DV, Bickeböller H, Risch A, Waldenberger M, Brüske-Hohlfeld I, Hicks BD, Ling H, McGuffog L, Lee A, Kuchenbaecker K, Soucy P, Manz J, Cunningham JM, Butterbach K, Kote-Jarai Z, Kraft P, FitzGerald L, Lindström S, Adams M, McKay JD, Phelan CM, Benlloch S, Kelemen LE, Brennan P, Riggan M, O'Mara TA, Shen H, Shi Y, Thompson DJ, Goodman MT, Nielsen SF, Berchuck A, Laboissiere S, Schmit SL, Shelford T, Edlund CK, Taylor JA, Field JK, Park SK, Offit K, Thomassen M, Schmutzler R, Ottini L, Hung RJ, Marchini J, Amin Al Olama A, Peters U, Eeles RA, Seldin MF, Gillanders E, Seminara D, Antoniou AC, Pharoah PDP, Chenevix-Trench G, Chanock SJ, Simard J, Easton DF. The OncoArray Consortium: A Network for Understanding the Genetic Architecture of Common Cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:126-135. [PMID: 27697780 PMCID: PMC5224974 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common cancers develop through a multistep process often including inherited susceptibility. Collaboration among multiple institutions, and funding from multiple sources, has allowed the development of an inexpensive genotyping microarray, the OncoArray. The array includes a genome-wide backbone, comprising 230,000 SNPs tagging most common genetic variants, together with dense mapping of known susceptibility regions, rare variants from sequencing experiments, pharmacogenetic markers, and cancer-related traits. METHODS The OncoArray can be genotyped using a novel technology developed by Illumina to facilitate efficient genotyping. The consortium developed standard approaches for selecting SNPs for study, for quality control of markers, and for ancestry analysis. The array was genotyped at selected sites and with prespecified replicate samples to permit evaluation of genotyping accuracy among centers and by ethnic background. RESULTS The OncoArray consortium genotyped 447,705 samples. A total of 494,763 SNPs passed quality control steps with a sample success rate of 97% of the samples. Participating sites performed ancestry analysis using a common set of markers and a scoring algorithm based on principal components analysis. CONCLUSIONS Results from these analyses will enable researchers to identify new susceptibility loci, perform fine-mapping of new or known loci associated with either single or multiple cancers, assess the degree of overlap in cancer causation and pleiotropic effects of loci that have been identified for disease-specific risk, and jointly model genetic, environmental, and lifestyle-related exposures. IMPACT Ongoing analyses will shed light on etiology and risk assessment for many types of cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(1); 126-35. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher I Amos
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jinyoung Byun
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Simon A Gayther
- The Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics at Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Greater Los Angeles Area, Los Angeles, California
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - David J Hunter
- Department of Epidemiology, Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas A Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Fachal
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberly Doheny
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yafang Li
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Jane Romm
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth Pugh
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | - Stig E Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlisse Caga-Anan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- The Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics at Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Greater Los Angeles Area, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ahsan Kamal
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Tessier
- Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada and McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Daniel Vincent
- Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada and McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - François Bacot
- Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada and McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - David J Van Den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Stefanie Nelson
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen Demetriades
- University Health Network- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, California
| | | | | | - Judith L Forman
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer, Genetics and Immunology, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Australia
| | - David V Conti
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- University of Salzburg and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Irene Brüske-Hohlfeld
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institut für Epidemiologie I, Neuherberg, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Belynda D Hicks
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Hua Ling
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer, Genetics and Immunology, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Australia
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karoline Kuchenbaecker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Penny Soucy
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Québec City, Canada
| | - Judith Manz
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Katja Butterbach
- Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Liesel FitzGerald
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer, Genetics and Immunology, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Australia
| | - Sara Lindström
- Department of Epidemiology, Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Marcia Adams
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James D McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Linda E Kelemen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Marjorie Riggan
- Department of Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tracy A O'Mara
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yongyong Shi
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Deborah J Thompson
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sune F Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sylvie Laboissiere
- Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada and McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Tameka Shelford
- Center for Inherited Disease Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christopher K Edlund
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Group, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - John K Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sue K Park
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Service, Memorial Hospital, New York, New York
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rita Schmutzler
- Zentrum Familiärer Brust- und Eierstockkrebs, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Michael F Seldin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - Elizabeth Gillanders
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniela Seminara
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jacques Simard
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Laval University, Québec City, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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