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Soboska K, Kusiński M, Pawelczyk K, Migdalska-Sęk M, Brzeziańska-Lasota E, Czarnecka-Chrebelska KH. Expression of RASSF1A, DIRAS3, and AKAP9 Genes in Thyroid Lesions: Implications for Differential Diagnosis and Prognosis of Thyroid Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:562. [PMID: 38203733 PMCID: PMC10778957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma is the primary endocrine malignancy worldwide. The preoperative examination of thyroid tissue lesion is often unclear. Approximately 25% of thyroid cancers cannot be diagnosed definitively without post-surgery histopathological examination. The assessment of diagnostic and differential markers of thyroid cancers is needed to improve preoperative diagnosis and reduce unnecessary treatments. Here, we assessed the expression of RASSF1A, DIRAS3, and AKAP9 genes, and the presence of BRAF V600E point mutation in benign and malignant thyroid lesions in a Polish cohort (120 patients). We have also performed a comparative analysis of gene expression using data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (307 samples). The expression of RASSF1A and DIRAS3 was decreased, whereas AKAP9's was increased in pathologically changed thyroid compared with normal thyroid tissue, and significantly correlated with e.g., histopathological type of lesion papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) vs follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), patient's age, tumour stage, or its encapsulation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for the more aggressive FTC subtype differential marker suggests value in estimating RASSF1A and AKAP9 expression, with their area under curve (AUC), specificity, and sensitivity at 0.743 (95% CI: 0.548-0.938), 82.2%, and 66.7%; for RASSF1A, and 0.848 (95% CI: 0.698-0.998), 54.8%, and 100%, for AKAP9. Our research gives new insight into the basis of the aggressiveness and progression of thyroid cancers, and provides information on potential differential markers that may improve preoperative diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Soboska
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland (M.M.-S.)
- Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał Kusiński
- Department of Endocrine, General and Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 62 Str. Pabianicka, 93-513 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Karol Pawelczyk
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland (M.M.-S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Av. Kościuszki 4, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Migdalska-Sęk
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland (M.M.-S.)
| | - Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland (M.M.-S.)
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Mohapatra T, Dixit M. IQ Motif Containing GTPase Activating Proteins (IQGAPs), A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins (AKAPs) and Kinase Suppressor of Ras Proteins (KSRs) in Scaffolding Oncogenic Pathways and Their Therapeutic Potential. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45837-45848. [PMID: 36570181 PMCID: PMC9773950 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolding proteins colocalize interacting partners on their surface and facilitate complex formation. They have multiple domains and motifs, which provide binding sites for various molecules. This property of scaffolding proteins helps in the orderly transduction of signals. Abnormal signal transduction is frequently observed in cancers, which can also be attributed to the altered functionality of scaffolding proteins. IQ motif containing GTPase activating proteins (IQGAPs), kinase suppressor of Ras (KSR), and A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) tether oncogenic pathways RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, Hippo, Wnt, and CDC42/RAC to them. Scaffolding proteins are attractive drug targets as they are the controlling hub for multiple pathways and regulate crosstalk between them. The first part of this review describes the human scaffolding proteins known to play a role in oncogenesis, pathways altered by them, and the impact on oncogenic processes. The second part provides information on the therapeutic potential of scaffolding proteins and future possibilities. The information on the explored and unexplored areas of the therapeutic potential of scaffolding proteins will be equally helpful for biologists and chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talina Mohapatra
- National
Institute of Science Education and Research, School of Biological Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Training School
Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Manjusha Dixit
- National
Institute of Science Education and Research, School of Biological Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Training School
Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Clinical utility of PDX cohorts to reveal biomarkers of intrinsic resistance and clonal architecture changes underlying acquired resistance to cetuximab in HNSCC. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:73. [PMID: 35260570 PMCID: PMC8904860 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab is a widely used drug for treating head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs); however, it provides restricted clinical benefits, and its response duration is limited by drug resistance. Here, we conducted randomized “Phase II-like clinical trials” of 49 HNSCC PDX models and reveal multiple informative biomarkers for intrinsic resistance to cetuximab (e.g., amplification of ANKH, up-regulation of PARP3). After validating these intrinsic resistance biomarkers in another HNSCC PDX cohort (61 PDX models), we generated acquired cetuximab resistance PDX models and analyzed them to uncover resistance mechanisms. Whole exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing revealed diverse patterns of clonal selection in acquired resistant PDXs, including the emergence of subclones with strongly activated RAS/MAPK. Extending these insights, we show that a combination of a RAC1/RAC3 dual-target inhibitor and cetuximab could overcome acquired cetuximab resistance in vitro and in vivo. Beyond revealing intrinsic resistance biomarkers, our PDX-based study shows how clonal architecture changes underlying acquired resistance can be targeted to expand the therapeutic utility of this important drug to more HNSCC patients.
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Wu S, Shen D, Zhao L. AKAP9 Upregulation Predicts Unfavorable Prognosis in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Promotes Stemness Properties via the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:157-167. [PMID: 35046723 PMCID: PMC8760470 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s343033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PRKA kinase anchor protein 9 (AKAP9) is a scaffold protein involved in various cellular processes, including cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Although the oncogenic role of AKAP9 in solid tumors is well elucidated, the functions and mechanisms of AKAP9 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are still not understood. Methods We used the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database (GSE2191) to determine the mRNA expression of AKAP9 in the bone marrow of pediatric AML and healthy patients. We further used the therapeutically available research to generate effective treatments (TARGET) database to elucidate the relationship between AKAP9 expression and clinical outcomes in pediatric patients with AML. In addition, cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, RT-PCR, and Western blotting assays were applied to reveal the functions of AKAP9 and the underlying mechanisms of AKAP9 silencing in THP1 and HL60 cell lines. Results AKAP9 is overexpressed in the bone marrow of pediatric AML patients as compared with that of healthy patients. High expression of AKAP9 was found to be a predictor of poor overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). Using univariate and multivariate survival analyses, we found that high AKAP9 expression is an independent predictor of a worse OS and EFS. Functionally, AKAP9 silencing significantly inhibited AML cell proliferation, and cell cycle progression and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, AKAP9 silencing significantly downregulated the expression of stemness markers and β-catenin. Conclusion AKAP9 upregulation is a predictor of unfavorable prognosis, promotes stemness, and activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in AML patients. AKAP9 may act as a prognostic biomarker of AML in pediatric patients and a future therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Departments of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongqin Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Gansu Key Laboratory of Genetic Study of Hematopathy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Li Zhao Department of Central Laboratory, Gansu Key Laboratory of Genetic Study of Hematopathy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +8613919934053Fax +8609318356353 Email
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Tikhonov D, Kulikova L, Rudnev V, Kopylov AT, Taldaev A, Stepanov A, Malsagova K, Izotov A, Enikeev D, Potoldykova N, Kaysheva A. Changes in Protein Structural Motifs upon Post-Translational Modification in Kidney Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11101836. [PMID: 34679534 PMCID: PMC8534394 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification (PTM) leads to conformational changes in protein structure, modulates the biological function of proteins, and, consequently, changes the signature of metabolic transformations and the immune response in the body. Common PTMs are reversible and serve as a mechanism for modulating metabolic trans-formations in cells. It is likely that dysregulation of post-translational cellular signaling leads to abnormal proliferation and oncogenesis. We examined protein PTMs in the blood samples from patients with kidney cancer. Conformational changes in proteins after modification were analyzed. The proteins were analyzed using ultra-high resolution HPLC-MS/MS and structural analysis was performed with the AMBER and GROMACS software packages. Fifteen proteins containing PTMs were identified in blood samples from patients with kidney cancer. For proteins with PDB structures, a comparative analysis of the structural changes accompanying the modifications was performed. Results revealed that PTMs are localized in stable and compact space protein globule motifs that are exposed to a solvent. The phenomenon of modification is accompanied, as a rule, by an increase in the area available for the solvent of the modified amino acid residue and its active environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Tikhonov
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS—The Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (D.T.); (L.K.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Liudmila Kulikova
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS—The Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (D.T.); (L.K.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Rudnev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
- V.N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.K.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (A.I.); (A.K.)
| | - Arthur T. Kopylov
- V.N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.K.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (A.I.); (A.K.)
| | - Amir Taldaev
- V.N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.K.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (A.I.); (A.K.)
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (D.E.); (N.P.)
| | - Alexander Stepanov
- V.N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.K.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (A.I.); (A.K.)
| | - Kristina Malsagova
- V.N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.K.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (A.I.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-764-9878
| | - Alexander Izotov
- V.N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.K.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (A.I.); (A.K.)
| | - Dmitry Enikeev
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (D.E.); (N.P.)
| | - Natalia Potoldykova
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (D.E.); (N.P.)
| | - Anna Kaysheva
- V.N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.K.); (A.T.); (A.S.); (A.I.); (A.K.)
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The Consequences of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Deletion on Tumorigenesis and Metastasis in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137120. [PMID: 34281173 PMCID: PMC8269362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxides and diols of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are bioactive and can influence processes such as tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Studies with inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in animals overexpressing cytochrome P450 enzymes or following the systemic administration of specific epoxides revealed a markedly increased incidence of tumor metastases. To determine whether PUFA epoxides increased metastases in a model of spontaneous breast cancer, sEH-/- mice were crossed onto the polyoma middle T oncogene (PyMT) background. We found that the deletion of the sEH accelerated the growth of primary tumors and increased both the tumor macrophage count and angiogenesis. There were small differences in the epoxide/diol content of tumors, particularly in epoxyoctadecamonoenic acid versus dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid, and marked changes in the expression of proteins linked with cell proliferation and metabolism. However, there was no consequence of sEH inhibition on the formation of metastases in the lymph node or lung. Taken together, our results confirm previous reports of increased tumor growth in animals lacking sEH but fail to substantiate reports of enhanced lymph node or pulmonary metastases.
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7
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A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins Diminish TGF-β 1/Cigarette Smoke-Induced Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020356. [PMID: 32028718 PMCID: PMC7072527 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) can inhibit transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) mediated EMT. Although compartmentalization via A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) is central to cAMP signaling, functional studies regarding their therapeutic value in the lung EMT process are lacking. The human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) and primary human airway epithelial (pHAE) cells were exposed to TGF-β1. Epithelial (E-cadherin, ZO-1) and mesenchymal markers (collagen Ӏ, α-SMA, fibronectin) were analyzed (mRNA, protein). ELISA measured TGF-β1 release. TGF-β1-sensitive AKAPs Ezrin, AKAP95 and Yotiao were silenced while using siRNA. Cell migration was analyzed by wound healing assay, xCELLigence, Incucyte. Prior to TGF-β1, dibutyryl-cAMP (dbcAMP), fenoterol, rolipram, cilostamide, and forskolin were used to elevate intracellular cAMP. TGF-β1 induced morphological changes, decreased E-cadherin, but increased collagen Ӏ and cell migration, a process that was reversed by the inhibitor of δ/epsilon casein kinase I, PF-670462. TGF-β1 altered (mRNA, protein) expression of Ezrin, AKAP95, and Yotiao. St-Ht31, the AKAP antagonist, decreased E-cadherin (mRNA, protein), but counteracted TGF-β1-induced collagen Ӏ upregulation. Cigarette smoke (CS) increased TGF-β1 release, activated TGF signaling, augmented cell migration, and reduced E-cadherin expression, a process that was blocked by TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody. The silencing of Ezrin, AKAP95, and Yotiao diminished TGF-β1-induced collagen Ӏ expression, as well as TGF-β1-induced cell migration. Fenoterol, rolipram, and cilostamide, in AKAP silenced cells, pointed to distinct cAMP compartments. We conclude that Ezrin, AKAP95, and Yotiao promote TGF-β1-mediated EMT, linked to a TGF-β1 release by CS. AKAP members might define the ability of fenoterol, rolipram, and cilostamide to modulate the EMT process, and they might represent potential relevant targets in the treatment of COPD.
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Tonucci FM, Almada E, Borini-Etichetti C, Pariani A, Hidalgo F, Rico MJ, Girardini J, Favre C, Goldenring JR, Menacho-Marquez M, Larocca MC. Identification of a CIP4 PKA phosphorylation site involved in the regulation of cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. Cancer Lett 2019; 461:65-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Lambda-Carrageenan Enhances the Effects of Radiation Therapy in Cancer Treatment by Suppressing Cancer Cell Invasion and Metastasis through Racgap1 Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081192. [PMID: 31426369 PMCID: PMC6721563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is used extensively in cancer treatment, but radioresistance and the metastatic potential of cancer cells that survive radiation remain critical issues. There is a need for novel treatments to improve radiotherapy. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic benefit of λ-carrageenan (CGN) to enhance the efficacy of radiation treatment and investigated the underlying molecular mechanism. CGN treatment decreased viability in irradiated cancer cells and enhanced reactive oxygen species accumulation, apoptosis, and polyploid formation. Additionally, CGN suppressed radiation-induced chemoinvasion and invasive growth in 3D lrECM culture. We also screened target molecules using a gene expression microarray analysis and focused on Rac GTPase-activating protein 1 (RacGAP1). Protein expression of RacGAP1 was upregulated in several cancer cell lines after radiation, which was significantly suppressed by CGN treatment. Knockdown of RacGAP1 decreased cell viability and invasiveness after radiation. Overexpression of RacGAP1 partially rescued CGN cytotoxicity. In a mouse xenograft model, local irradiation followed by CGN treatment significantly decreased tumor growth and lung metastasis compared to either treatment alone. Taken together, these results suggest that CGN may enhance the effectiveness of radiation in cancer therapy by decreasing cancer cell viability and suppressing both radiation-induced invasive activity and distal metastasis through downregulating RacGAP1 expression.
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Zuo H, Cattani-Cavalieri I, Valença SS, Musheshe N, Schmidt M. Function of cAMP scaffolds in obstructive lung disease: Focus on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2402-2415. [PMID: 30714124 PMCID: PMC6592852 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, research has defined cAMP as one of the central cellular nodes in sensing and integrating multiple pathways and as a pivotal role player in lung pathophysiology. Obstructive lung disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are characterized by a persistent and progressive airflow limitation and by oxidative stress from endogenous and exogenous insults. The extent of airflow obstruction depends on the relative deposition of different constituents of the extracellular matrix, a process related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and which subsequently results in airway fibrosis. Oxidative stress from endogenous and also from exogenous sources causes a profound worsening of COPD. Here we describe how cAMP scaffolds and their different signalosomes in different subcellular compartments may contribute to COPD. Future research will require translational studies to alleviate disease symptoms by pharmacologically targeting the cAMP scaffolds. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors-New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiao Zuo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Cattani-Cavalieri
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Samuel Santos Valença
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nshunge Musheshe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Han Y, Zheng Q, Tian Y, Ji Z, Ye H. Identification of a nine-gene panel as a prognostic indicator for recurrence with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. J Surg Oncol 2019; 119:1145-1154. [PMID: 30887516 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Bladder cancer is one of the most common and highly recurrent cancers worldwide. Recurrence-associated genes may potentially predict cancer recurrence. We aimed to construct a recurrence-associated gene panel to improve the prognostic prediction of bladder cancer. METHODS Based on DNA sequencing and clinical data from the TCGA-BLCA project, we identified 10 potential driver genes significantly associated with recurrence of bladder cancer. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis to construct an optimized recurrence prediction model with nine recurrence-associated genes (EME1, AKAP9, ZNF91, PARD3, STAG2, ZFP36L2, METTL3, POLR3B, and MUC7) and clinical information as the independent variables. RESULTS The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.80 in this model, much higher than that of the baseline model (AUC = 0.73) and the same trend was also validated in its subset. Decision curve analysis also revealed that there is a significant net benefit gained by adding nine genes mutation to the baseline model. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that eight out of the nine genes (excluding MUC7) had good effects on the overall prognosis of patients. CONCLUSIONS This nine-gene panel will most likely be a useful tool for prognostic evaluation and will facilitate the personalized management of patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Han
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyu Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengguo Ji
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haihong Ye
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhang FL, Cao JL, Xie HY, Sun R, Yang LF, Shao ZM, Li DQ. Cancer-Associated MORC2-Mutant M276I Regulates an hnRNPM-Mediated CD44 Splicing Switch to Promote Invasion and Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5780-5792. [PMID: 30093560 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer, with a high propensity for distant metastasis and limited treatment options, yet its molecular underpinnings remain largely unknown. Microrchidia family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) is a newly identified chromatin remodeling protein whose mutations have been causally implicated in several neurologic disorders. Here, we report that a cancer-associated substitution of methionine to isoleucine at residue 276 (M276I) of MORC2 confers gain-of-function properties in the metastatic progression of TNBC. Expression of mutant MORC2 in TNBC cells increased cell migration, invasion, and lung metastasis without affecting cell proliferation and primary tumor growth compared with its wild-type counterpart. The M276I mutation enhanced binding of MORC2 to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNPM), a component of the spliceosome machinery. This interaction promoted an hnRNPM-mediated splicing switch of CD44 from the epithelial isoform (CD44v) to the mesenchymal isoform (CD44s), ultimately driving epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Knockdown of hnRNPM reduced the binding of mutant MORC2 to CD44 pre-mRNA and reversed the mutant MORC2-induced CD44 splicing switch and EMT, consequently impairing the migratory, invasive, and lung metastatic potential of mutant MORC2-expressing cells. Collectively, these findings provide the first functional evidence for the M276I mutation in promoting TNBC progression. They also establish the first mechanistic connection between MORC2 and RNA splicing and highlight the importance of deciphering unique patient-derived mutations for optimizing clinical outcomes of this highly heterogeneous disease.Significance: A gain-of-function effect of a single mutation on MORC2 promotes metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by regulating CD44 splicing. Cancer Res; 78(20); 5780-92. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Lin Zhang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Ling Cao
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yan Xie
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Feng Yang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Kjällquist U, Erlandsson R, Tobin NP, Alkodsi A, Ullah I, Stålhammar G, Karlsson E, Hatschek T, Hartman J, Linnarsson S, Bergh J. Exome sequencing of primary breast cancers with paired metastatic lesions reveals metastasis-enriched mutations in the A-kinase anchoring protein family (AKAPs). BMC Cancer 2018; 18:174. [PMID: 29433456 PMCID: PMC5810006 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor heterogeneity in breast cancer tumors is today widely recognized. Most of the available knowledge in genetic variation however, relates to the primary tumor while metastatic lesions are much less studied. Many studies have revealed marked alterations of standard prognostic and predictive factors during tumor progression. Characterization of paired primary- and metastatic tissues should therefore be fundamental in order to understand mechanisms of tumor progression, clonal relationship to tumor evolution as well as the therapeutic aspects of systemic disease. Methods We performed full exome sequencing of primary breast cancers and their metastases in a cohort of ten patients and further confirmed our findings in an additional cohort of 20 patients with paired primary and metastatic tumors. Furthermore, we used gene expression from the metastatic lesions and a primary breast cancer data set to study the gene expression of the AKAP gene family. Results We report that somatic mutations in A-kinase anchoring proteins are enriched in metastatic lesions. The frequency of mutation in the AKAP gene family was 10% in the primary tumors and 40% in metastatic lesions. Several copy number variations, including deletions in regions containing AKAP genes were detected and showed consistent patterns in both investigated cohorts. In a second cohort containing 20 patients with paired primary and metastatic lesions, AKAP mutations showed an increasing variant allele frequency after multiple relapses. Furthermore, gene expression profiles from the metastatic lesions (n = 120) revealed differential expression patterns of AKAPs relative to the tumor PAM50 intrinsic subtype, which were most apparent in the basal-like subtype. This pattern was confirmed in primary tumors from TCGA (n = 522) and in a third independent cohort (n = 182). Conclusion Several studies from primary cancers have reported individual AKAP genes to be associated with cancer risk and metastatic relapses as well as direct involvement in cellular invasion and migration processes. Our findings reveal an enrichment of mutations in AKAP genes in metastatic breast cancers and suggest the involvement of AKAPs in the metastatic process. In addition, we report an AKAP gene expression pattern that consistently follows the tumor intrinsic subtype, further suggesting AKAP family members as relevant players in breast cancer biology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4021-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Una Kjällquist
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Rikard Erlandsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas P Tobin
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amjad Alkodsi
- Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology and Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Stålhammar
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Karlsson
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hatschek
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sten Linnarsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergh
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Suryavanshi SV, Jadhav SM, McConnell BK. Polymorphisms/Mutations in A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins (AKAPs): Role in the Cardiovascular System. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:E7. [PMID: 29370121 PMCID: PMC5872355 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) belong to a family of scaffolding proteins that bind to protein kinase A (PKA) by definition and a variety of crucial proteins, including kinases, phosphatases, and phosphodiesterases. By scaffolding these proteins together, AKAPs build a "signalosome" at specific subcellular locations and compartmentalize PKA signaling. Thus, AKAPs are important for signal transduction after upstream activation of receptors ensuring accuracy and precision of intracellular PKA-dependent signaling pathways. Since their discovery in the 1980s, AKAPs have been studied extensively in the heart and have been proven essential in mediating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-PKA signaling. Although expression of AKAPs in the heart is very low, cardiac-specific knock-outs of several AKAPs have a noteworthy cardiac phenotype. Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms and genetic mutations in crucial cardiac proteins play a substantial role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Despite the significant role of AKAPs in the cardiovascular system, a limited amount of research has focused on the role of genetic polymorphisms and/or mutations in AKAPs in increasing the risk of CVDs. This review attempts to overview the available literature on the polymorphisms/mutations in AKAPs and their effects on human health with a special focus on CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh V Suryavanshi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| | - Shweta M Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| | - Bradley K McConnell
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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15
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Mirandola L, Pedretti E, Figueroa JA, Chiaramonte R, Colombo M, Chapman C, Grizzi F, Patrinicola F, Kast WM, Nguyen DD, Rahman RL, Daver N, Ruvolo P, Post SM, Bresalier RS, Chiriva-Internati M. Cancer testis antigen Sperm Protein 17 as a new target for triple negative breast cancer immunotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74378-74390. [PMID: 29088794 PMCID: PMC5650349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast carcinoma is a major health issue for millions of women. Current therapies have serious side effects, and are only partially effective in patients with metastatic tumors. Thus, the need for novel and less toxic therapies is urgent. Moreover, hormonal and antibody therapies effective in other subtypes are not effective in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Immunotherapeutic strategies directed against specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and mediated by specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have been largely underexplored in this disease. Cancer-testis antigens (CTA) are a group of TAAs displaying the ideal characteristics of promising vaccine targets, i.e. strong immunogenicity and cancer specificity. The CTA, Sperm Protein 17 (SP17), has been found to be aberrantly expressed in different neoplasms, including ovarian and esophageal cancers, nervous system tumors and multiple myeloma, and has been suggested as a candidate target for immunotherapy. Here, we evaluated SP17 expression levels in breast cancer cell lines, invasive ductal breast carcinoma, including patients with TNBC, and adjacent non-neoplastic breast tissue, and determined whether SP17 was capable of generating SP17-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro. We showed that SP17 is expressed in breast cancer cell lines and primary breast tumors and importantly in TNBC subtype, but not in adjacent non-tumoral breast tissue or unaffected tissues, except in male germinal cells. Furthermore, we detected specific anti-SP17 antibodies in patients’ sera and we generated SP17-specific, HLA class I-restricted, cytotoxic T lymphocytes capable of efficiently killing breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michela Colombo
- Department of Health Sciences, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Caroline Chapman
- Bowel Cancer Screening Programme, Eastern Hub Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Fabio Grizzi
- Department of Immunology & Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Patrinicola
- Department of Immunology & Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - W Martin Kast
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Naval Daver
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Ruvolo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sean M Post
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Bresalier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
- Kiromic Inc., Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Ko EA, Sanders KM, Zhou T. A transcriptomic insight into the impacts of mast cells in lung, breast, and colon cancers. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1360457. [PMID: 29147625 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1360457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the exact impact of mast cells in tumor microenvironment is still controversial because of inconsistency in observations regarding the relationship between mast cell infiltrates and cancer development and prognosis. The discrepancies in previous studies have motivated us to examine the roles of mast cells in cancer pathology from different perspectives. Here, we investigated the impact of mast cells on transcriptomic profiles in the tissue microenvironment. Mice carrying the W-sh mutation in c-kit (KitW-sh ) are deficient in mast cell production and were used to assess the influence of mast cells on gene expression. By examining the transcriptomic profile among wild-type mice, KitW-sh mice, and KitW-sh mice with mast cell engraftment, we identified a list of "mast cell-dependent genes," which are enriched for cancer-related pathways. Utilizing whole-genome gene expression data from both mouse models and human cancer patients, we demonstrated that the expression profile of the mast cell-dependent genes differs between tumor and normal tissues from lung, breast, and colon, respectively. Mast cell infiltration is potentially increased in tumors compared with normal tissues, suggesting that mast cells might participate in tumor development. Accordingly, a prognostic molecular signature was developed based on the mast cell-dependent genes, which predicted recurrence-free survival for human patients with lung, breast, and colon cancers, respectively. Our study provides a novel transcriptomic insight into the impact of mast cells in the tumor microenvironment, though further experimental investigation is needed to validate the exact role of individual mast cell-dependent genes in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-A Ko
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Kenton M Sanders
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
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17
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Hu ZY, Liu YP, Xie LY, Wang XY, Yang F, Chen SY, Li ZG. AKAP-9 promotes colorectal cancer development by regulating Cdc42 interacting protein 4. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1172-81. [PMID: 27039663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that PRKA kinase anchor protein 9 (AKAP-9) is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell proliferation and migration in vitro. However, whether or not AKAP-9 is important for CRC development or metastasis in vivo remains unknown. In the present study, we found that AKAP-9 expression was significantly higher in human colorectal cancer tissues than the paired normal tissues. In fact, AKAP-9 level correlated with the CRC infiltrating depth and metastasis. Moreover, the higher AKAP-9 expression was associated with the lower survival rate in patients. In cultured CRC cells, knockdown of AKAP-9 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. AKAP-9 deficiency also attenuated CRC tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, AKAP-9 interacted with cdc42 interacting protein 4 (CIP4) and regulated its expression. CIP4 levels were interrelated to the AKAP-9 level in CRC cells. Functionally, AKAP-9 was essential for TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CRC cells, and CIP4 played a critical role in mediating the function of AKAP-9. Importantly, CIP4 expression was significantly up-regulated in human CRC tissues. Taken together, our results demonstrated that AKAP-9 facilitates CRC development and metastasis via regulating CIP4-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yan Hu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lin-Ying Xie
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
| | - Zu-Guo Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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18
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Dorling L, Barnett GC, Michailidou K, Coles CE, Burnet NG, Yarnold J, Elliott RM, Dunning AM, Pharoah PDP, West CM. Patients with a High Polygenic Risk of Breast Cancer do not have An Increased Risk of Radiotherapy Toxicity. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:1413-20. [PMID: 26510858 PMCID: PMC4751620 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been hypothesized that increased predisposition to breast cancer may correlate with radiosensitivity, and thus increased risk of toxicity following breast irradiation. This study investigated the relationship between common breast cancer risk variants and radiotherapy toxicity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN SNP genotypes were determined in female breast cancer patients from the RAPPER (Radiogenomics: Assessment of polymorphisms for predicting the effects of radiotherapy) study using the Illumina CytoSNP12 genome-wide array. A further 15,582,449 genotypes were imputed using the 1000 Genomes Project reference panel. Patient (n = 1,160) polygenic risk scores were generated by summing risk-allele dosages, both unweighted and weighted by published effect sizes for breast cancer risk. Regression models were used to test associations of individual variants and polygenic risk scores with acute and late toxicity phenotypes (telangiectasia, breast edema, photographically assessed shrinkage, induration, pigmentation, breast pain, breast sensitivity, and overall toxicity). RESULTS Genotypes of 90 confirmed breast cancer risk variants were accurately determined and polygenic risk scores were approximately normally distributed. Variant rs6964587 was associated with increased breast edema 5 years following radiotherapy (Beta, 0.22; 95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.34; P = 7 × 10(-4)). No other associations were found between individual variants or the unweighted (P > 0.17) or weighted (P > 0.13) polygenic risk score and radiotherapy toxicity. This study had >87% power to detect an association between the polygenic risk score (relative risk > 1.1) and toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Cancer patients with a high polygenic predisposition to breast cancer do not have an increased risk of radiotherapy toxicity up to 5 years following radiotherapy but individual variants may increase risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Dorling
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Gillian C Barnett
- Oncology Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Department of Electron Microscopy and Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Charlotte E Coles
- Oncology Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Neil G Burnet
- University of Cambridge Department of Oncology, Oncology Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John Yarnold
- Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca M Elliott
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Catharine M West
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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19
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Dema A, Perets E, Schulz MS, Deák VA, Klussmann E. Pharmacological targeting of AKAP-directed compartmentalized cAMP signalling. Cell Signal 2015; 27:2474-87. [PMID: 26386412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) can bind and activate protein kinase A (PKA). The cAMP/PKA system is ubiquitous and involved in a wide array of biological processes and therefore requires tight spatial and temporal regulation. Important components of the safeguard system are the A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), a heterogeneous family of scaffolding proteins defined by its ability to directly bind PKA. AKAPs tether PKA to specific subcellular compartments, and they bind further interaction partners to create local signalling hubs. The recent discovery of new AKAPs and advances in the field that shed light on the relevance of these hubs for human disease highlight unique opportunities for pharmacological modulation. This review exemplifies how interference with signalling, particularly cAMP signalling, at such hubs can reshape signalling responses and discusses how this could lead to novel pharmacological concepts for the treatment of disease with an unmet medical need such as cardiovascular disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Dema
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Perets
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Svenja Schulz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Veronika Anita Deák
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Enno Klussmann
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Oudenarder Straße 16, 13347 Berlin, Germany.
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20
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Calejo AI, Taskén K. Targeting protein-protein interactions in complexes organized by A kinase anchoring proteins. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:192. [PMID: 26441649 PMCID: PMC4562273 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP is a ubiquitous intracellular second messenger involved in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes, a majority of which act through the cAMP – protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway and involve PKA phosphorylation of specific substrates. PKA phosphorylation events are typically spatially restricted and temporally well controlled. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) directly bind PKA and recruit it to specific subcellular loci targeting the kinase activity toward particular substrates, and thereby provide discrete spatiotemporal control of downstream phosphorylation events. AKAPs also scaffold other signaling molecules into multi-protein complexes that function as crossroads between different signaling pathways. Targeting AKAP coordinated protein complexes with high-affinity peptidomimetics or small molecules to tease apart distinct protein–protein interactions (PPIs) therefore offers important means to disrupt binding of specific components of the complex to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the function of individual signalosomes and their pathophysiological role. Furthermore, development of novel classes of small molecules involved in displacement of AKAP-bound signal molecules is now emerging. Here, we will focus on mechanisms for targeting PPI, disruptors that modulate downstream cAMP signaling and their role, especially in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Calejo
- Biotechnology Centre, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Biotechnology Centre, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway ; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway
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21
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Bentin Toaldo C, Alexi X, Beelen K, Kok M, Hauptmann M, Jansen M, Berns E, Neefjes J, Linn S, Michalides R, Zwart W. Protein Kinase A-induced tamoxifen resistance is mediated by anchoring protein AKAP13. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:588. [PMID: 26272591 PMCID: PMC4536754 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα)-positive breast cancer patients receive endocrine therapy, often in the form of tamoxifen. However, resistance to tamoxifen is frequently observed. A signalling cascade that leads to tamoxifen resistance is dictated by activation of the Protein Kinase A (PKA) pathway, which leads to phosphorylation of ERα on Serine 305 and receptor activation, following tamoxifen binding. Thus far, it remains elusive what protein complexes enable the PKA-ERα interaction resulting in ERα Serine 305 phosphorylation. Methods We performed immunohistochemistry to detect ERαSerine 305 phosphorylation in a cohort of breast cancer patients who received tamoxifen treatment in the metastatic setting. From the same tumor specimens, Agilent 44 K gene expression analyses were performed and integrated with clinicopathological data and survival information. In vitro analyses were performed using MCF7 breast cancer cells, which included immunoprecipitations and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) analyses to illustrate ERα complex formation. siRNA mediated knockdown experiments were performed to assess effects on ERαSerine 305 phosphorylation status, ERα/PKA interactions and downstream responsive gene activity. Results Stratifying breast tumors on ERα Serine 305 phosphorylation status resulted in the identification of a gene network centered upon AKAP13. AKAP13 mRNA expression levels correlate with poor outcome in patients who received tamoxifen treatment in the metastatic setting. In addition, AKAP13 mRNA levels correlate with ERαSerine 305 phosphorylation in breast tumor samples, suggesting a functional connection between these two events. In a luminal breast cancer cell line, AKAP13 was found to interact with ERα as well as with a regulatory subunit of PKA. Knocking down of AKAP13 prevented PKA-mediated Serine 305 phosphorylation of ERα and abrogated PKA-driven tamoxifen resistance, illustrating that AKAP13 is an essential protein in this process. Conclusions We show that the PKA-anchoring protein AKAP13 is essential for the phosphorylation of ERαS305, which leads to tamoxifen resistance both in cell lines and tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1591-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Bentin Toaldo
- Division of Molecular Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Xanthippi Alexi
- Division of Molecular Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Karin Beelen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marleen Kok
- Division of Molecular Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Michael Hauptmann
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maurice Jansen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Josephine Nefkens Institute and Cancer Genomics Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Els Berns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Josephine Nefkens Institute and Cancer Genomics Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Division of Cell Biology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Sabine Linn
- Division of Molecular Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Medical Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Rob Michalides
- Division of Cell Biology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Molecular Pathology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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22
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Poppinga WJ, Muñoz-Llancao P, González-Billault C, Schmidt M. A-kinase anchoring proteins: cAMP compartmentalization in neurodegenerative and obstructive pulmonary diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:5603-23. [PMID: 25132049 PMCID: PMC4290705 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The universal second messenger cAMP is generated upon stimulation of Gs protein-coupled receptors, such as the β2 -adreneoceptor, and leads to the activation of PKA, the major cAMP effector protein. PKA oscillates between an on and off state and thereby regulates a plethora of distinct biological responses. The broad activation pattern of PKA and its contribution to several distinct cellular functions lead to the introduction of the concept of compartmentalization of cAMP. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are of central importance due to their unique ability to directly and/or indirectly interact with proteins that either determine the cellular content of cAMP, such as β2 -adrenoceptors, ACs and PDEs, or are regulated by cAMP such as the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP. We report on lessons learned from neurons indicating that maintenance of cAMP compartmentalization by AKAP5 is linked to neurotransmission, learning and memory. Disturbance of cAMP compartments seem to be linked to neurodegenerative disease including Alzheimer's disease. We translate this knowledge to compartmentalized cAMP signalling in the lung. Next to AKAP5, we focus here on AKAP12 and Ezrin (AKAP78). These topics will be highlighted in the context of the development of novel pharmacological interventions to tackle AKAP-dependent compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Poppinga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Muñoz-Llancao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics (Cenedyn), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - C González-Billault
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics (Cenedyn), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - M Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Yang MH, Hu ZY, Xu C, Xie LY, Wang XY, Chen SY, Li ZG. MALAT1 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation/migration/invasion via PRKA kinase anchor protein 9. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:166-74. [PMID: 25446987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that the 3' end of metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell proliferation and migration/invasion in vitro. The role and mechanism of MALAT1 in CRC metastasis in vivo, however, remain largely unknown. In the present study, we found that MALAT1 was up-regulated in human primary CRC tissues with lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of MALAT1 via RNA activation promoted CRC cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, and stimulated tumor growth and metastasis in mice in vivo. Conversely, knockdown of MALAT1 inhibited CRC tumor growth and metastasis. MALAT1 regulated at least 243 genes in CRC cells in a genome-wide expression profiling. Among these genes, PRKA kinase anchor protein 9 (AKAP-9) was significantly up-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels. AKAP-9 was highly expressed in CRC cells with metastatic potential and human primary CRC tissues with lymph node metastasis, but not in normal cells or tissues. Importantly, knockdown of AKAP-9 blocked MALAT1-mediated CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. These data indicate that MALAT1 may promote CRC tumor development via its target protein AKAP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Transcriptome and Proteome for Human Major Diseases of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Hu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Transcriptome and Proteome for Human Major Diseases of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Transcriptome and Proteome for Human Major Diseases of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lin-Ying Xie
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Transcriptome and Proteome for Human Major Diseases of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Transcriptome and Proteome for Human Major Diseases of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Zu-Guo Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Transcriptome and Proteome for Human Major Diseases of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
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24
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Milne RL, Burwinkel B, Michailidou K, Arias-Perez JI, Zamora MP, Menéndez-Rodríguez P, Hardisson D, Mendiola M, González-Neira A, Pita G, Alonso MR, Dennis J, Wang Q, Bolla MK, Swerdlow A, Ashworth A, Orr N, Schoemaker M, Ko YD, Brauch H, Hamann U, Andrulis IL, Knight JA, Glendon G, Tchatchou S, Matsuo K, Ito H, Iwata H, Tajima K, Li J, Brand JS, Brenner H, Dieffenbach AK, Arndt V, Stegmaier C, Lambrechts D, Peuteman G, Christiaens MR, Smeets A, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska-Bieniek K, Durda K, Hartman M, Hui M, Yen Lim W, Wan Chan C, Marme F, Yang R, Bugert P, Lindblom A, Margolin S, García-Closas M, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Figueroa JD, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG, Flyger H, Hooning MJ, Kriege M, van den Ouweland AMW, Koppert LB, Fletcher O, Johnson N, dos-Santos-Silva I, Peto J, Zheng W, Deming-Halverson S, Shrubsole MJ, Long J, Chang-Claude J, Rudolph A, Seibold P, Flesch-Janys D, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Cox A, Cross SS, Reed MWR, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Cornelissen S, Braaf L, Kang D, Choi JY, Park SK, Noh DY, Simard J, Dumont M, Goldberg MS, Labrèche F, Fasching PA, Hein A, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Azzollini J, Barile M, Sawyer E, Tomlinson I, Kerin M, Miller N, Hopper JL, Schmidt DF, Makalic E, Southey MC, Hwang Teo S, Har Yip C, Sivanandan K, Tay WT, Shen CY, Hsiung CN, Yu JC, Hou MF, Guénel P, Truong T, Sanchez M, Mulot C, Blot W, Cai Q, Nevanlinna H, Muranen TA, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Wu AH, Tseng CC, Van Den Berg D, Stram DO, Bogdanova N, Dörk T, Muir K, Lophatananon A, Stewart-Brown S, Siriwanarangsan P, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Hartikainen JM, Shu XO, Lu W, Gao YT, Zhang B, Couch FJ, Toland AE, Yannoukakos D, Sangrajrang S, McKay J, Wang X, Olson JE, Vachon C, Purrington K, Severi G, Baglietto L, Haiman CA, Henderson BE, Schumacher F, Le Marchand L, Devilee P, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Czene K, Eriksson M, Humphreys K, Darabi H, Ahmed S, Shah M, Pharoah PDP, Hall P, Giles GG, Benítez J, Dunning AM, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF. Common non-synonymous SNPs associated with breast cancer susceptibility: findings from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6096-111. [PMID: 24943594 PMCID: PMC4204770 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Candidate variant association studies have been largely unsuccessful in identifying common breast cancer susceptibility variants, although most studies have been underpowered to detect associations of a realistic magnitude. We assessed 41 common non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) for which evidence of association with breast cancer risk had been previously reported. Case-control data were combined from 38 studies of white European women (46 450 cases and 42 600 controls) and analyzed using unconditional logistic regression. Strong evidence of association was observed for three nsSNPs: ATXN7-K264R at 3p21 [rs1053338, per allele OR = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-1.10, P = 2.9 × 10(-6)], AKAP9-M463I at 7q21 (rs6964587, OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03-1.07, P = 1.7 × 10(-6)) and NEK10-L513S at 3p24 (rs10510592, OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.07-1.12, P = 5.1 × 10(-17)). The first two associations reached genome-wide statistical significance in a combined analysis of available data, including independent data from nine genome-wide association studies (GWASs): for ATXN7-K264R, OR = 1.07 (95% CI = 1.05-1.10, P = 1.0 × 10(-8)); for AKAP9-M463I, OR = 1.05 (95% CI = 1.04-1.07, P = 2.0 × 10(-10)). Further analysis of other common variants in these two regions suggested that intronic SNPs nearby are more strongly associated with disease risk. We have thus identified a novel susceptibility locus at 3p21, and confirmed previous suggestive evidence that rs6964587 at 7q21 is associated with risk. The third locus, rs10510592, is located in an established breast cancer susceptibility region; the association was substantially attenuated after adjustment for the known GWAS hit. Thus, each of the associated nsSNPs is likely to be a marker for another, non-coding, variant causally related to breast cancer risk. Further fine-mapping and functional studies are required to identify the underlying risk-modifying variants and the genes through which they act.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Human Cancer Genetics Programme,
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular Epidemiology Group
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care
| | | | - M Pilar Zamora
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David Hardisson
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ (Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research) Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Mendiola
- Laboratory of Pathology and Oncology, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Rosario Alonso
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK, Division of Breast Cancer Research
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research
| | - Nick Orr
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research
| | - Minouk Schoemaker
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Molecular Genetics
| | - Julia A Knight
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandrine Tchatchou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyushu University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroji Iwata
- Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tajima
- Department of Public Health & Occupational Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Jingmei Li
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aida Karina Dieffenbach
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research
| | | | | | | | | | - Ann Smeets
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Katazyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
| | - Miao Hui
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Yen Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching Wan Chan
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federick Marme
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rongxi Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Bugert
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center & Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Linetta B Koppert
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Julian Peto
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sandra Deming-Halverson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Martha J Shrubsole
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Seibold
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Angela Cox
- CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology
| | - Simon S Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Malcolm W R Reed
- CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linde Braaf
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue K Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, QC, Canada
| | - Martine Dumont
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, QC, Canada
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - France Labrèche
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Département de santé environnementale et santé au travail, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter A Fasching
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Hein
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Azzollini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Barile
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- Division of Cancer Studies, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Kerin
- School of Medicine, Clinical Science Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicola Miller
- School of Medicine, Clinical Science Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
| | - Daniel F Schmidt
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
| | - Enes Makalic
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Soo Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Malaysia, Breast Cancer Research Unit, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Har Yip
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kavitta Sivanandan
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Wan-Ting Tay
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichong, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ni Hsiung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France, University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Therese Truong
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France, University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Sanchez
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France, University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Claire Mulot
- Inserm (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), U775, Paris, France, Centre de Ressources Biologiques EPIGENETEC, Paris, France
| | - William Blot
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru A Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chiu-Chen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Van Den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel O Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | | | | | | | - Arto Mannermaa
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Department of Clinical Pathology
| | - Vesa Kataja
- Biocenter Kuopio, School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oncology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Department of Clinical Pathology
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Biocenter Kuopio, Department of Clinical Pathology
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ben Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Department of Health Sciences Research
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | | | - James McKay
- Genetic Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Gianluca Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brian E Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Robert A E M Tollenaar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | | | | | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - Shahana Ahmed
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Barzan D, Veldwijk MR, Herskind C, Li Y, Zhang B, Sperk E, Du WD, Zhang XJ, Wenz F. Comparison of genetic variation of breast cancer susceptibility genes in Chinese and German populations. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 21:1286-92. [PMID: 23486537 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified several genetic risk factors for breast cancer, however, most of them were validated among women of European ancestry. This study examined single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contributing to breast cancer in Chinese (984 cases and 2206 controls) and German (311 cases and 960 controls) populations. Eighteen SNPs significantly associated with breast cancer, previously identified in GWAS were genotyped. Twelve SNPs passed quality control and were subjected to statistical analysis. Seven SNPs were confirmed to be significantly associated with breast cancer in the Chinese population, reflecting three independent loci (ESR1, FGFR2, TOX3) and five of these were also confirmed in the German population. The strongest association was identified for rs2046210 in the Chinese (odds ratio (OR)=1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.28-1.59, P=1.9 × 10(-10)) and rs3803662 in the German population (OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.17-1.74, P=4.01 × 10(-4)), located upstream of the ESR1 and TOX3 gene, respectively. For the first time, rs3757318 at 6q25.1, located next to the gene encoding estrogen receptor α (ESR1) was found to be strongly associated with breast cancer (OR=1.33, 95% CI=1.18-1.49, P=1.94 × 10(-6)) in the Chinese population. The frequency of this variant was markedly lower in the German population and the association was not significant. Despite the genetic differences, essentially the same risk loci were identified in the Chinese and the German populations. Our study suggested the existence of common genetic factors as well as disease susceptibility differences for breast cancer in both populations and highlighted the importance of performing comparison analyses for disease susceptibility within ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Barzan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Han NK, Kim BC, Lee HC, Lee YJ, Park MJ, Chi SG, Ko YG, Lee JS. Secretome analysis of ionizing radiation-induced senescent cancer cells reveals that secreted RKIP plays a critical role in neighboring cell migration. Proteomics 2012; 12:2822-32. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na-Kyung Han
- Divisions of Radiation Cancer Research; Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences; Seoul Korea
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - Bong Cho Kim
- Divisions of Radiation Cancer Research; Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences; Seoul Korea
| | - Hyung Chul Lee
- Divisions of Radiation Cancer Research; Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences; Seoul Korea
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - Yoon-Jin Lee
- Divisions of Radiation Effects; Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences; Seoul Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Park
- Divisions of Radiation Cancer Research; Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences; Seoul Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Chi
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - Jae-Seon Lee
- Divisions of Radiation Cancer Research; Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences; Seoul Korea
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27
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Tröger J, Moutty MC, Skroblin P, Klussmann E. A-kinase anchoring proteins as potential drug targets. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 166:420-33. [PMID: 22122509 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01796.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) crucially contribute to the spatial and temporal control of cellular signalling. They directly interact with a variety of protein binding partners and cellular constituents, thereby directing pools of signalling components to defined locales. In particular, AKAPs mediate compartmentalization of cAMP signalling. Alterations in AKAP expression and their interactions are associated with or cause diseases including chronic heart failure, various cancers and disorders of the immune system such as HIV. A number of cellular dysfunctions result from mutations of specific AKAPs. The link between malfunctions of single AKAP complexes and a disease makes AKAPs and their interactions interesting targets for the development of novel drugs. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Novel cAMP Signalling Paradigms. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.166.issue-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tröger
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch (MDC), Berlin, Germany Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology (FMP), Berlin, Germany
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Richter S, Gorny X, Marco-Pallares J, Krämer UM, Machts J, Barman A, Bernstein HG, Schüle R, Schöls L, Rodriguez-Fornells A, Reissner C, Wüstenberg T, Heinze HJ, Gundelfinger ED, Düzel E, Münte TF, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. A Potential Role for a Genetic Variation of AKAP5 in Human Aggression and Anger Control. Front Hum Neurosci 2011; 5:175. [PMID: 22232585 PMCID: PMC3247758 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2011.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The A-kinase-anchoring protein 5 (AKAP5), a post-synaptic multi-adaptor molecule that binds G-protein-coupled receptors and intracellular signaling molecules has been implicated in emotional processing in rodents, but its role in human emotion and behavior is up to now still not quite clear. Here, we report an association of individual differences in aggressive behavior and anger expression with a functional genetic polymorphism (Pro100Leu) in the human AKAP5 gene. Among a cohort of 527 young, healthy individuals, carriers of the less common Leu allele (15.6% allele frequency) scored significantly lower in the physical aggression domain of the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire and higher in the anger control dimension of the state-trait anger expression inventory. In a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment we could further demonstrate that AKAP5 Pro100Leu modulates the interaction of negative emotional processing and executive functions. In order to investigate implicit processes of anger control, we used the well-known flanker task to evoke processes of action monitoring and error processing and added task-irrelevant neutral or angry faces in the background of the flanker stimuli. In line with our predictions, Leu carriers showed increased activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during emotional interference, which in turn predicted shorter reaction times and might be related to stronger control of emotional interference. Conversely, Pro homozygotes exhibited increased orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activation during emotional interference, with no behavioral advantage. Immunohistochemistry revealed AKAP5 expression in post mortem human ACC and OFC. Our results suggest that AKAP5 Pro100Leu contributes to individual differences in human aggression and anger control. Further research is warranted to explore the detailed role of AKAP5 and its gene product in human emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Richter
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Salzburg Salzburg, Austria
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Figueroa JD, Garcia-Closas M, Humphreys M, Platte R, Hopper JL, Southey MC, Apicella C, Hammet F, Schmidt MK, Broeks A, Tollenaar RAEM, Van't Veer LJ, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Ekici AB, Strick R, Peto J, dos Santos Silva I, Fletcher O, Johnson N, Sawyer E, Tomlinson I, Kerin M, Burwinkel B, Marme F, Schneeweiss A, Sohn C, Bojesen S, Flyger H, Nordestgaard BG, Benítez J, Milne RL, Ignacio Arias J, Zamora MP, Brenner H, Müller H, Arndt V, Rahman N, Turnbull C, Seal S, Renwick A, Brauch H, Justenhoven C, Brüning T, Chang-Claude J, Hein R, Wang-Gohrke S, Dörk T, Schürmann P, Bremer M, Hillemanns P, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Bogdanova N, Antonenkova N, Rogov YI, Karstens JH, Bermisheva M, Prokofieva D, Gantcev SH, Khusnutdinova E, Lindblom A, Margolin S, Chenevix-Trench G, Beesley J, Chen X, Mannermaa A, Kosma VM, Soini Y, Kataja V, Lambrechts D, Yesilyurt BT, Chrisiaens MR, Peeters S, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Barile M, Couch F, Lee AM, Diasio R, Wang X, Giles GG, Severi G, Baglietto L, Maclean C, Offit K, Robson M, Joseph V, Gaudet M, John EM, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Andrulis I, Knight JA, Mulligan AM, O'Malley FP, Brinton LA, Sherman ME, Lissowska J, Chanock SJ, Hooning M, Martens JWM, van den Ouweland AMW, Collée JM, Hall P, Czene K, Cox A, Brock IW, Reed MWR, Cross SS, Pharoah P, Dunning AM, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Ahn SH, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Jaworska K, Durda K, Sangrajrang S, Gaborieau V, Brennan P, McKay J, Shen CY, Ding SL, Hsu HM, Yu JC, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Ashworth A, Swerdlow A, Jones M, Orr N, Trentham-Dietz A, Egan K, Newcomb P, Titus-Ernstoff L, Easton D, Spurdle AB. Associations of common variants at 1p11.2 and 14q24.1 (RAD51L1) with breast cancer risk and heterogeneity by tumor subtype: findings from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:4693-706. [PMID: 21852249 PMCID: PMC3209823 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 1p11.2 and 14q24.1 (RAD51L1) as breast cancer susceptibility loci. The initial GWAS suggested stronger effects for both loci for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors. Using data from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), we sought to determine whether risks differ by ER, progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), grade, node status, tumor size, and ductal or lobular morphology. We genotyped rs11249433 at 1p.11.2, and two highly correlated SNPs rs999737 and rs10483813 (r(2)= 0.98) at 14q24.1 (RAD51L1), for up to 46 036 invasive breast cancer cases and 46 930 controls from 39 studies. Analyses by tumor characteristics focused on subjects reporting to be white women of European ancestry and were based on 25 458 cases, of which 87% had ER data. The SNP at 1p11.2 showed significantly stronger associations with ER-positive tumors [per-allele odds ratio (OR) for ER-positive tumors was 1.13, 95% CI = 1.10-1.16 and, for ER-negative tumors, OR was 1.03, 95% CI = 0.98-1.07, case-only P-heterogeneity = 7.6 × 10(-5)]. The association with ER-positive tumors was stronger for tumors of lower grade (case-only P= 6.7 × 10(-3)) and lobular histology (case-only P= 0.01). SNPs at 14q24.1 were associated with risk for most tumor subtypes evaluated, including triple-negative breast cancers, which has not been described previously. Our results underscore the need for large pooling efforts with tumor pathology data to help refine risk estimates for SNP associations with susceptibility to different subtypes of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonine D Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Milne RL, Lorenzo-Bermejo J, Burwinkel B, Malats N, Arias JI, Zamora MP, Benítez J, Humphreys MK, García-Closas M, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Sherman ME, Mannermaa A, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Nevanlinna H, Heikkinen T, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Devilee P, van Asperen CJ, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Irwanto AK, Kang D, Yoo KY, Noh DY, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Wang X, Fredericksen Z, Nordestgaard BG, Bojesen SE, Flyger H, Margolin S, Lindblom A, Fasching PA, Schulz-Wendtland R, Ekici AB, Beckmann MW, Wang-Gohrke S, Shen CY, Yu JC, Hsu HM, Wu PE, Giles GG, Severi G, Baglietto L, English DR, Cox A, Brock I, Elliott G, Reed MWR, Beesley J, Chen X, Investigators K, Fletcher O, Gibson L, dos Santos Silva I, Peto J, Frank B, Heil J, Meindl A, Chang-Claude J, Hein R, Vrieling A, Flesch-Janys D, Southey MC, Smith L, Apicella C, Hopper JL, Dunning AM, Pooley KA, Pharoah PDP, Hamann U, Pesch B, Ko YD, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G. 7q21-rs6964587 and breast cancer risk: an extended case-control study by the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. J Med Genet 2011; 48:698-702. [PMID: 21931171 PMCID: PMC3371608 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, the authors previously reported that the single nucleotide polymorphism 7q21-rs6964587 (AKAP9-M463I) is associated with breast cancer risk. The authors have now assessed this association more comprehensively using 16 independent case-control studies. METHODS The authors genotyped 14,843 invasive case patients and 19,852 control subjects with white European ancestry and 2595 invasive case patients and 2192 control subjects with Asian ancestry. ORs were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for study. Heterogeneity in ORs was assessed by fitting interaction terms or by subclassifying case patients and applying polytomous logistic regression. RESULTS For white European women, the minor T allele of 7q21-rs6964587 was associated with breast cancer risk under a recessive model (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.13, p = 0.04). Results were inconclusive for Asian women. From a combined analysis of 24 154 case patients and 33,376 control subjects of white European ancestry from the present and previous series, the best-fitting model was recessive, with an estimated OR of 1.08 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.13, p = 0.001). The OR was greater at younger ages (p trend = 0.01). CONCLUSION This may be the first common susceptibility allele for breast cancer to be identified with a recessive mode of inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Milne
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28039 Madrid, Spain.
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van Zitteren M, van der Net JB, Kundu S, Freedman AN, van Duijn CM, Janssens ACJW. Genome-based prediction of breast cancer risk in the general population: a modeling study based on meta-analyses of genetic associations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:9-22. [PMID: 21212067 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies identified novel breast cancer susceptibility variants that could be used to predict breast cancer in asymptomatic women. This review and modeling study aimed to investigate the current and potential predictive performance of genetic risk models. METHODS Genotypes and disease status were simulated for a population of 10,000 women. Genetic risk models were constructed from polymorphisms from meta-analysis including, in separate scenarios, all polymorphisms or statistically significant polymorphisms only. We additionally investigated the magnitude of the odds ratios (OR) for 1 to 100 hypothetical polymorphisms that would be needed to achieve similar discriminative accuracy as available prediction models [modeled range of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) 0.70-0.80]. RESULTS Of the 96 polymorphisms that had been investigated in meta-analyses, 41 showed significant associations. AUC was 0.68 for the genetic risk model based on all 96 polymorphisms and 0.67 for the 41 significant polymorphisms. Addition of 50 additional variants, each with risk allele frequencies of 0.30, requires per-allele ORs of 1.2 to increase this AUC to 0.70, 1.3 to increase AUC to 0.75, and 1.5 to increase AUC to 0.80. To achieve AUC of 0.80, even 100 additional variants would need per-allele ORs of 1.3 to 1.7, depending on risk allele frequencies. CONCLUSION The predictive ability of genetic risk models in breast cancer has the potential to become comparable to that of current breast cancer risk models. IMPACT Risk prediction based on low susceptibility variants becomes a realistic tool in prevention of nonfamilial breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniek van Zitteren
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Veillet AL, Haag JD, Remfert JL, Meilahn AL, Samuelson DJ, Gould MN. Mcs5c: a mammary carcinoma susceptibility locus located in a gene desert that associates with tenascin C expression. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011; 4:97-106. [PMID: 21205740 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors have been estimated to account for at least 30% of a woman's risk to develop breast cancer. We have developed a rat model using Wistar Furth (WF) and Wistar Kyoto (WKy) strains to genetically identify mammary cancer susceptibility loci. The WKy allele of the mammary carcinogenesis susceptibility locus Mcs5c, was previously shown to reduce carcinoma multiplicity after 7,12-dimethylbenz-[a]anthracene (DMBA) exposure. In this study, Mcs5c was fine-mapped using WF.WKy congenic lines. Mcs5c was located to a region of approximately 176 kb on rat chromosome 5. One of the Mcs5c congenic lines containing a narrow Mcs5c WKy interval displayed a 40% decrease in average carcinoma number compared with WF-homozygous congenic controls after mammary carcinogenesis induction using two different models. As genetically mapped, the Mcs5c locus is located in a gene desert and thus is devoid of genes and annotated RNAs; thus, a genetic element in Mcs5c was hypothesized to regulate the expression of genes outside the locus. Tenascin c (Tnc) was identified as a candidate gene due to its reduced expression in thymus and ovarian tissues of Mcs5c WKy-homozygous congenic females compared with WF-homozygous congenic controls. This allele-specific differential expression is environmentally controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline L Veillet
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Kabbarah O, Nogueira C, Feng B, Nazarian RM, Bosenberg M, Wu M, Scott KL, Kwong LN, Xiao Y, Cordon-Cardo C, Granter SR, Ramaswamy S, Golub T, Duncan LM, Wagner SN, Brennan C, Chin L. Integrative genome comparison of primary and metastatic melanomas. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10770. [PMID: 20520718 PMCID: PMC2875381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A cardinal feature of malignant melanoma is its metastatic propensity. An incomplete view of the genetic events driving metastatic progression has been a major barrier to rational development of effective therapeutics and prognostic diagnostics for melanoma patients. In this study, we conducted global genomic characterization of primary and metastatic melanomas to examine the genomic landscape associated with metastatic progression. In addition to uncovering three genomic subclasses of metastastic melanomas, we delineated 39 focal and recurrent regions of amplification and deletions, many of which encompassed resident genes that have not been implicated in cancer or metastasis. To identify progression-associated metastasis gene candidates, we applied a statistical approach, Integrative Genome Comparison (IGC), to define 32 genomic regions of interest that were significantly altered in metastatic relative to primary melanomas, encompassing 30 resident genes with statistically significant expression deregulation. Functional assays on a subset of these candidates, including MET, ASPM, AKAP9, IMP3, PRKCA, RPA3, and SCAP2, validated their pro-invasion activities in human melanoma cells. Validity of the IGC approach was further reinforced by tissue microarray analysis of Survivin showing significant increased protein expression in thick versus thin primary cutaneous melanomas, and a progression correlation with lymph node metastases. Together, these functional validation results and correlative analysis of human tissues support the thesis that integrated genomic and pathological analyses of staged melanomas provide a productive entry point for discovery of melanoma metastases genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Kabbarah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Cristina Nogueira
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bin Feng
- Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rosalynn M. Nazarian
- Dermatopathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marcus Bosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kenneth L. Scott
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lawrence N. Kwong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yonghong Xiao
- Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Scott R. Granter
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sridhar Ramaswamy
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Todd Golub
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lyn M. Duncan
- Dermatopathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Stephan N. Wagner
- DIAID, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna and Center of Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cameron Brennan
- HOPP, Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CB); (LC)
| | - Lynda Chin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CB); (LC)
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Savas S, Liu G. Genetic variations as cancer prognostic markers: review and update. Hum Mutat 2009; 30:1369-77. [PMID: 19639655 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cancer molecular epidemiology traditionally studies the relationship between genetic variations and cancer risk. However, recent studies have also focused on disease outcomes. The application and design of disease outcome studies have been an extension of disease risk assessment. Yet there are a number of unique considerations important in outcome assessments. We review how genetic approaches used for disease susceptibility, such as candidate gene and genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches, can be adapted carefully to systematically identify cancer prognostic and predictive alleles. We discuss the interrelatedness among the disease susceptibility, treatment response, and prognosis at the genetic level and focus on how the emerging technologies and approaches can uniquely benefit the genetic prognosis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevtap Savas
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Division of Applied Molecular Oncology, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Fulfilling the promise of personalized medicine? Systematic review and field synopsis of pharmacogenetic studies. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7960. [PMID: 19956635 PMCID: PMC2778625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of the genetic basis of drug response could help clarify mechanisms of drug action/metabolism, and facilitate development of genotype-based predictive tests of efficacy or toxicity (pharmacogenetics). OBJECTIVES We conducted a systematic review and field synopsis of pharmacogenetic studies to quantify the scope and quality of available evidence in this field in order to inform future research. DATA SOURCES Original research articles were identified in Medline, reference lists from 24 meta-analyses/systematic reviews/review articles and U.S. Food and Drug Administration website of approved pharmacogenetic tests. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTION CRITERIA: We included any study in which either intended or adverse response to drug therapy was examined in relation to genetic variation in the germline or cancer cells in humans. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS Study characteristics and data reported in abstracts were recorded. We further analysed full text from a random 10% subset of articles spanning the different subclasses of study. RESULTS From 102,264 Medline hits and 1,641 articles from other sources, we identified 1,668 primary research articles (1987 to 2007, inclusive). A high proportion of remaining articles were reviews/commentaries (ratio of reviews to primary research approximately 25 ratio 1). The majority of studies (81.8%) were set in Europe and North America focussing on cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurology/psychiatry. There was predominantly a candidate gene approach using common alleles, which despite small sample sizes (median 93 [IQR 40-222]) with no trend to an increase over time, generated a high proportion (74.5%) of nominally significant (p<0.05) reported associations suggesting the possibility of significance-chasing bias. Despite 136 examples of gene/drug interventions being the subject of >or=4 studies, only 31 meta-analyses were identified. The majority (69.4%) of end-points were continuous and likely surrogate rather than hard (binary) clinical end-points. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS The high expectation but limited translation of pharmacogenetic research thus far may be explained by the preponderance of reviews over primary research, small sample sizes, a mainly candidate gene approach, surrogate markers, an excess of nominally positive to truly positive associations and paucity of meta-analyses. Recommendations based on these findings should inform future study design to help realise the goal of personalised medicines. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: Not Registered.
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Plourde M, Ferland A, Soucy P, Hamdi Y, Tranchant M, Durocher F, Sinilnikova O, Luu The V, Simard J. Analysis of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 5, 7, and 12 genetic sequence variants in breast cancer cases from French Canadian Families with high risk of breast and ovarian cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2009; 116:134-53. [PMID: 19460435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A family history and estrogen exposure are well-known risk factors for breast cancer. Members of the 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase family are responsible for important steps in the metabolism of androgens and estrogens in peripheral tissues, including the mammary gland. The crucial biological function of 17beta-HSDs renders these genes good candidates for being involved in breast cancer etiology. This study screened for mutations in HSD17B7 and HSD17B12 genes, which encode enzymes involved in estradiol biosynthesis and in AKR1C3, which codes for 17beta-HSD type 5 enzyme involved in androgen and progesterone metabolism, to assess whether high penetrance allelic variants in these genes could be involved in breast cancer susceptibility. Mutation screening of 50 breast cancer cases from non-BRCA1/2 high-risk French Canadian families failed to identify germline likely high-risk mutations in HSD17B7, HSD17B12 and AKR1C3 genes. However, 107 sequence variants were identified, including seven missense variants. Assessment of the impact of missense variants on enzymatic activity of the corresponding enzymes revealed no difference in catalytic properties between variants of 17beta-HSD types 7 and 12 and wild-type enzymes, while variants p.Glu77Gly and p.Lys183Arg in 17beta-HSD type 5 showed a slightly decreased activity. Finally, a haplotype-based approach was used to determine tagging SNPs providing valuable information for studies investigating associations of common variants in these genes with breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Plourde
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Genomics Division/CHUQ Research Center and Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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Genome-wide association study identifies a new breast cancer susceptibility locus at 6q25.1. Nat Genet 2009; 41:324-8. [PMID: 19219042 PMCID: PMC2754845 DOI: 10.1038/ng.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 434] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We carried out a genome-wide association study among Chinese women to identify risk variants for breast cancer. After analyzing 607,728 SNPs in 1,505 cases and 1,522 controls, we selected 29 SNPs for a fast-track replication in an independent set of 1,554 cases and 1,576 controls. We further investigated four replicated loci in a third set of samples comprising 3,472 cases and 900 controls. SNP rs2046210 at 6q25.1, located upstream of the gene encoding estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1), showed strong and consistent association with breast cancer across all three stages. Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) were 1.36 (1.24-1.49) and 1.59 (1.40-1.82), respectively, for genotypes A/G and A/A versus G/G (P for trend 2.0 x 10(-15)) in the pooled analysis of samples from all three stages. We also found a similar, albeit weaker, association in an independent study comprising 1,591 cases and 1,466 controls of European ancestry (P(trend) = 0.01). These results strongly implicate 6q25.1 as a susceptibility locus for breast cancer.
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Eglen RM, Reisine T. The Current Status of Drug Discovery Against the Human Kinome. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2009; 7:22-43. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2008.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard M. Eglen
- Bio-discovery, PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences, Waltham, Massachusetts
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Foulkes
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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