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Fareeq Saber A, Masih S, Karimirad MR, Sharifi F, Manookian A. The relationship between internet addiction, sleep quality, and psycho-social problems among secondary school students in Erbil, 2023-2024. Public Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38946493 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to show the association between internet addiction (IA), sleep quality, and psycho-social problems among secondary school students DESIGN: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study design was used. SAMPLE A total of 557 students from four secondary schools in Erbil were selected using multistage cluster sampling MEASUREMENTS: The questionnaires of this research contained socio-demographic data, Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Y (PSC-Y) questionnaire. RESULTS Findings indicated that students displayed a mild IA, averaging a score of 42.9 ± 19.18. Furthermore, the average sleep quality (PSQI) score was 8.95 ± 2.75, indicating moderate sleep disturbance, and the average score for psycho-social problems was 27.78 ± 13.29. Importantly, there was a strong and positive association between IA and psycho-social issues, as shown by a correlation coefficient of 0.31 (p < .001). Sleep quality was correlated with IA and psychosocial issues (p < .001, correlation values: .23 and .27, respectively) CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the urgent need for health policymakers and nursing managers in Erbil to develop targeted interventions, such as awareness campaigns and digital well-being programs in school curricula, to mitigate the interlinked issues of IA, sleep quality, and psycho-social problems among students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmalik Fareeq Saber
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarfraz Masih
- Lahore School of Nursing, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Reza Karimirad
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Sharifi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arpi Manookian
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chen S, Cheng C. Unveiling Coronasomnia: Pandemic Stress and Sleep Problems During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:543-553. [PMID: 38827389 PMCID: PMC11141769 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s459945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic posed an unprecedented challenge to public well-being, necessitating an examination of its health impact. This review discusses the relationship between pandemic-induced stressors and individual sleep patterns and quality. The pandemic stressors include lockdown or physical distancing measures, direct virus exposure, and the dissemination of misinformation and disinformation. The pandemic led to delayed sleep-wake cycles, except for healthcare professionals, and worsened sleep quality. The prevalence of insomnia was higher for women due to pre-existing conditions and susceptibility stressors such as lockdown stress and family responsibilities. Healthcare professionals, who experienced worsened work conditions during the pandemic, reported higher rates of insomnia and sleep difficulties due to infection anxiety and post-traumatic stress from direct virus exposure. For the general population, stress stemmed from social isolation under lockdown and overwhelming false information available online, resulting in sleep problems. Taken together, the findings highlight the importance of promoting social interactions, providing psychological support services, and caution in navigating health information. In summary, this review underscores the need for individual- and group-centered approaches in ongoing research and interventions to address pandemic-related stress and sleep issues during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Social and Health Psychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cecilia Cheng
- Social and Health Psychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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Nolvi S, Paavonen EJ, Korja R, Pelto J, Karukivi M, Tuulari JJ, Karlsson H, Karlsson L. Course of child social-emotional and sleep symptoms, parental distress and pandemic-related stressors during COVID-19. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:518-532. [PMID: 36794405 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422001377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Research on the longitudinal courses of child social-emotional symptoms and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic within societies would be of key value for promoting child well-being in global crises. We characterized the course of children's social-emotional and sleep symptoms before and throughout the pandemic in a Finnish longitudinal cohort of 1825 5- to 9-year-old children (46% girls) with four follow-up points during the pandemic from up to 695 participants (spring 2020-summer 2021). Second, we examined the role of parental distress and COVID-related stressful events in child symptoms. Child total and behavioral symptoms increased in spring 2020 but decreased thereafter and remained stable throughout the rest of the follow-up. Sleep symptoms decreased in spring 2020 and remained stable thereafter. Parental distress was linked with higher child social-emotional and sleep symptoms. The cross-sectional associations between COVID-related stressors and child symptoms were partially mediated by parental distress. The findings propose that children can be protected from the long-term adverse influences of the pandemic, and parental well-being likely plays a mediating role between pandemic-related stressors and child well-being. Further research focusing on the societal and resilience factors underlying family and child responses to the pandemic is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Nolvi
- Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku. Medisiina A (307), Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20014 Turun yliopisto, Turku, Finland
| | - E Juulia Paavonen
- Department of Public Health, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Pediatric Research Center, Child Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Korja
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juho Pelto
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Max Karukivi
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine & Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jetro J Tuulari
- Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology; FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center & Department of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center & Department of Psychiatry & Center for Population Health Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study & Center for Population Health Research, Psychiatry, Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Kasai A, Shikano A, Tanaka R, Yoshinaga M, Noi S. School-aged children's movement behaviours and subjective health complaints in Japan: a cross-sectional study during COVID-19 pandemic-related school closures and after school reopenings. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1204. [PMID: 38689272 PMCID: PMC11061910 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have altered children's movement behaviours and impacted their mental health. However, the influence of social restrictions on subjective health complaints remains inadequately understood. This study compared adherence to 24-hour movement behaviour guidelines and the prevalence of subjective health complaints during school closure and one year after reopening. We also examined how combinations of adherence to movement behaviour recommendations relate to subjective health complaints. METHODS A repeated cross-sectional survey was conducted at two points. The first survey in May 2020 included 1535 (766 boys and 769 girls) participants during school closures, while the second survey from May to July 2021 involved 1125 (583 boys and 542 girls) participants one year after school reopening. The questionnaire covered socio-demographics, physical activity, screen time, sleep, and subjective health complaints. Differences between periods were analysed using chi-square tests. Logistic regression models assessed the association between adherence to guidelines and subjective health complaints. RESULTS During school closure, children were more likely to meet 'only sleep' recommendations and have irritability and lethargy symptoms. Irrespective of sex, those adhering to two or all three recommendations (excluding physical activity and screen time) had a lower risk of symptoms related to physical and mental pain, fatigue, irritability, and lethargy as compared to those who met none of the recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Children should meet at least one physical activity or screen time recommendation in addition to sleep recommendations for subjective health. Strategies considering the priority of each movement behaviour are crucial, even during abnormal situations, such as pandemic-related social restrictions. This study offers insightful findings concerning children's mental health issues during unprecedented and massive disasters or crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Kasai
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Shikano
- Research Institute for Children's Physical Health, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- School of Sport Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Yoshinaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Noi
- Research Institute for Children's Physical Health, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kiltie JT, Satchell LP, Childs MJ, Daniels M, Gould CS, Sparrowe K, Hudson CA, Husted M. The relationship between change in routine and student mental wellbeing during a nationwide lockdown. THE JOURNAL OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 151:155-172. [PMID: 37571969 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2241949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During March 2020, the UK entered a national lockdown, causing a sudden change in undergraduate students' routines. This study uses this event to investigate the impact routine change had on students' mental wellbeing; in particular looking at depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and eating behaviors. METHOD Participants reported their daily routine timings (waking, breakfast, lunch, evening meal and bedtime) and activities (e.g. exercise amount, time with friends, time studying, etc) on a typical Monday, Wednesday and Saturday during term time and lockdown. Additionally they completed the PROMIS measures of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance, and the Eating Pathology Symptom Inventory. RESULTS Lockdown saw small but significant shifts in routine timing (on average 1.5 h) However, there was no clear overall pattern of relationships between mental wellbeing and routine structure or magnitude of routine change. There was some evidence of changes in amount of exercise relating to reported anxiety. DISCUSSION These findings are consistent with the current literature reporting lockdown effects on behavior. Routine timings shifted, but this change was small and largely did not affect the mental wellbeing reported by undergraduate students. The change in amount of exercise posed by lockdown did appear to be an important factor in wellbeing, and more research should focus on the wellbeing implications of closing places for exercise.
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Di Laudo F, Mainieri G, Provini F. Parasomnias During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sleep Med Clin 2024; 19:177-187. [PMID: 38368064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 had a massive impact on sleep, resulting in overall increase of sleep disturbances. During lockdown many factors contributed to sleep disturbances, in particular changes in sleep-wake habits and stress. This article will describe the frequency and features of the principal parasomnias and the impact of the pandemic and the government restriction measures on sleep. Among different pathophysiological hypotheses, we will discuss the role of stress, considered as an expression of the allostatic load. Finally, during the pandemic, parasomnias were mainly investigated by questionnaires, with controversial results; video-polysomnographic studies are crucial to obtain a definitive diagnosis, even in critical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Di Laudo
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, Pad. 11, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Greta Mainieri
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, Pad. 11, Bologna 40138, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura, 3, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Federica Provini
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, Pad. 11, Bologna 40138, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Via Altura, 3, Bologna 40139, Italy.
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Zhou T, Kong X, Bian X, Wang S, Liu J, Schmidt LA. Maternal involvement and adolescents' psychological and academic adjustment after COVID-19 return-to-school: A one-year longitudinal study. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:1391-1406. [PMID: 37712872 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the idea that maternal involvement during the COVID-19 school closure period could contribute to the development of adolescents' daily routines, which could ultimately associate with their psychological and academic adjustment after return-to-school. Data were collected from 520 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 12.75 years, SDage = 1.48 years) and their mothers during the COVID-19 school closure and one year after return-to-school. Results indicated that maternal involvement in both education and leisure activities predicted more consistent adolescents' daily routines during the school closure period and then contributed to their more consistent daily routines after return-to-school, resulting in less psychological maladjustment and better academic outcomes. Findings highlight the importance of maternal involvement and daily routines in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxue Kong
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaohua Bian
- School of Educational Science, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuotian Wang
- Faculty of Education, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junsheng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Science and Education, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Louis A Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Camia M, Scorza M, Lipparini A, Martorana L, Nardocci F, Padovani R, Rubichi S, Benassi E. Psychological health of mothers and siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders during COVID-19 pandemic: new evidence in Italian families. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2023; 94:e2023199. [PMID: 37850771 PMCID: PMC10644939 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v94i5.14522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Psychological challenges are well recognized in families with a child with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Instead, less is known about the effects of traumatic scenarios, such as COVID-19, on the psychological health of these families. The main aim of this research was to study the psychological health of both mothers and typically developing (TD) siblings of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, we investigated the relationship between the mothers' psychological resources and their children psychological well-being. METHODS The sample included 52 mothers and their children: 15 with one child with ASD and at least one TD child (aged 4-14) (ASD-siblings group) and 37 with one or more TD child (aged 4-14) (TD control group). The data were collected through an online platform; four standardized questionnaires (GAD-7, BDI-II, CD-RISC 25 and CBCL) were administered. RESULTS The analyses revealed more internalizing and total behavioral symptoms in the siblings of children with ASD, compared to TD control group. Regarding the mothers, we did not find differences in depression and anxious symptoms between the two groups. However, the results reported a lower level of resilience in the mothers of children with ASD relative to mothers of TD children. Finally, the psychological well-being of the TD children was associated with the level of mothers' anxiety only in the ASD-siblings group. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data show that the COVID-19 outbreak may had been particularly challenging for families of children with ASD, and highlight the importance of intensifying psychological support to families.
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Rigo P, Miscioscia M, Spaggiari S, Di Riso D. Do Italian people still wear masks? Analysis of personality and dispositional correlates of facemask use in post Covid-19 scenario. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16538. [PMID: 37783738 PMCID: PMC10545754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Face mask wearing is a low-cost preventative measure for the Covid-19 pandemic. In Italy, face masks are no longer mandatory indoors from the 1st of May 2022. Some research focused on factors that influence the choice of using masks, but less is known about mask-wearing when non-mandatory. The present study aims to compare those who were still wearing masks indoors when non-mandatory and those who were not, in personality traits, anxiety, depression, and trust in healthcare professions, in Italy, in 2022. Furthermore, we analyze if resilience, reactance, political orientation, and Covid-19 vaccinations moderate between negative affectivity and the choice of wearing masks. 1151 adults, aged 18-64, were recruited. Using the Qualtrics platform, participants filled in a socio-demographic interview, and self-report questionnaires. Results showed that people who were still wearing a mask indoors had higher levels of psychoticism and negative affectivity, worse mental health, greater trust in healthcare professions, and worries about the pandemic. Moreover, resilience partially moderates the relationship between negative affectivity and the choice of wearing a mask. These findings provide a better understanding of individuals' responses to post-pandemic changes, identifying the personal and contextual aspects that can make people struggle with the process of returning to normality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rigo
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology (DPSS), University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marina Miscioscia
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology (DPSS), University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Spaggiari
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology (DPSS), University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Daniela Di Riso
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology (DPSS), University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy
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Arellano-Alvarez P, Muñoz-Guerrero B, Ruiz-Barranco A, Garibay-Nieto N, Hernandez-Lopez AM, Aguilar-Cuarto K, Pedraza-Escudero K, Fuentes-Corona Z, Villanueva-Ortega E. Barriers in the Management of Obesity in Mexican Children and Adolescents through the COVID-19 Lockdown-Lessons Learned and Perspectives for the Future. Nutrients 2023; 15:4238. [PMID: 37836521 PMCID: PMC10574799 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 lockdown caused health system issues, including the need for long-term care for patients with conditions like childhood obesity. We wanted to know how the lockdown had changed our patients' health and which variables had greater influence in preventing and managing overweight and obesity in kids and teens during and after the lockdown. METHODS Our study comprised two phases. The initial descriptive cross-sectional phase included surveys of children who are overweight or obese and their parents/guardians from the Pediatric Obesity Clinic at the Child Welfare Unit (UBI, acronym in Spanish) in the Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga" (n = 129). The participants were studied to explore changes in lifestyle, physical activity, sleep patterns, eating behaviors, food consumption, anxiety, and depression. In the second phase, the biochemical, body composition, and anthropometric parameters of 29 pre-COVID-19 patients were compared before and after the lockdown. RESULTS The survey showed more moderate anxiety and depression, alterations in sleep, physical inactivity, and an increase in the consumption of animal products, fruits, cereals, tubers, sugary drinks, and ultra-processed food. In the study's comparative phase, we observed a substantial increase in BMI z-score (p = 0.01), waist circumference (p < 0.001), fat mass (p < 0.001), percentage of adiposity (p = 0.002), and basal glucose (p = 0.047) and a drop in lean mass (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS The pandemic led to a loss of routines and socioeconomic changes that made it difficult to address weight and obesity in young people. The results show that managing obesity in our patients involves considering both lifestyle and the social environment. This encourages us to consider a comprehensive and personalized approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Arellano-Alvarez
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
- Master’s and Doctorate Program in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Brenda Muñoz-Guerrero
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
| | - Alejandra Ruiz-Barranco
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
| | - Nayely Garibay-Nieto
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
| | - Ana María Hernandez-Lopez
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
| | - Karina Aguilar-Cuarto
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
| | - Karen Pedraza-Escudero
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
| | - Zendy Fuentes-Corona
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
| | - Erendira Villanueva-Ortega
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic at Child Welfare Unit (UBI, Acronym in Spanish) of The Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (P.A.-A.); (B.M.-G.); (A.R.-B.); (N.G.-N.); (A.M.H.-L.); (K.A.-C.); (K.P.-E.); (Z.F.-C.)
- Master’s and Doctorate Program in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Wiley KS, Fox MM, Gildner TE, Thayer ZM. A longitudinal study of how women's prenatal and postnatal concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic predicts their infants' social-emotional development. Child Dev 2023; 94:1356-1367. [PMID: 37068183 PMCID: PMC10524379 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Infant social-emotional development may be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated associations between maternal pre- and postnatal pandemic-related concerns and social-emotional developmental risk. Data, collected in 2020-2021, came from 220 mothers (87% white, 6% Hispanic, 1% Black, 3% Asian, 1% American Indian, Mage = 32.46 years), and infants (53.18% male, Mage = 12.98 months) in the United States. Maternal postnatal pandemic-related concerns were associated with total risk scores (B = 6.09, p-value <.001) and offspring risk of scoring positive for problems related to inflexibility (B = 4.07, p-value = .006). The total score association was moderated by self-reported social support. Infants may be detrimentally impacted by the pandemic via maternal pandemic-related concerns. Maternal social support may buffer infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S. Wiley
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los
Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Molly M. Fox
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los
Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences,
University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Theresa E. Gildner
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St.
Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zaneta M. Thayer
- Department of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New
Hampshire, USA
- Ecology, Evolution, Environment & Society Program,
Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
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Bonvino A, Calvio A, Stallone R, Marinelli CV, Quarto T, Petito A, Palladino P, Monacis L. Emotions in Times of Pandemic Crisis among Italian Children: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6168. [PMID: 37372755 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Several studies underlined the negative effects of forced social isolation on emotional processes in younger population. The current study aimed to review existing evidence of the pandemic's impact on the emotional regulation of Italian children aged 0-12 years in order to identify personal and contextual factors that may adversely impact their developmental process. Different electronic databases (Web of Science, APA PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Scopus) were used to identify peer-reviewed studies published in English and Italian. Thirteen studies were included in the review, covering a total of 18.843 children. All studies reported negative effects of the lockdown on a child's emotional processes. The most affected were children aged 3-5 years, those living in Northern Italy, and those with low socioeconomic status (SES) families. Alterations in emotional processes were associated with sleep disturbances, quality of family relationships, personality structures, the coping strategies used, and time spent with technological devices. Finally, two- (time × parenting) and three-way (time × parenting × environmental sensitivity) interactions resulted significantly in predicting a child's emotional regulation, respectively, in terms of externalizing and internalizing behaviors. This review remarks that children's emotional processes were negatively impacted during social lockdown, especially where acute social isolation interacted with a set of dispositional and situational risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Bonvino
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonella Calvio
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Roberta Stallone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Quarto
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Petito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Paola Palladino
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Lucia Monacis
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
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Levante A, Martis C, Bianco F, Castelli I, Petrocchi S, Lecciso F. Internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic mixed studies review. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1182309. [PMID: 37397311 PMCID: PMC10313408 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1182309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Given the vulnerability of children during the COVID-19 pandemic, paying close attention to their wellbeing at the time is warranted. The present protocol-based systematic mixed-studies review examines papers published during 2020-2022, focusing on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's internalizing/externalizing symptoms and the determinants thereof. Method PROSPERO: CRD42022385284. Five databases were searched and the PRISMA diagram was applied. The inclusion criteria were: papers published in English in peer-reviewed journals; papers published between January 2020 and October 2022 involving children aged 5-13 years; qualitative, quantitative, and mixed studies. The standardized Mixed Method Appraisal Tool protocol was used to appraise the quality of the studies. Results Thirty-four studies involving 40,976 participants in total were analyzed. Their principal characteristics were tabulated. The results showed that children's internalizing/externalizing symptoms increased during the pandemic, largely as a result of disengagement from play activities and excessive use of the internet. Girls showed more internalizing symptoms and boys more externalizing symptoms. Distress was the strongest parental factor mediating children's internalizing/externalizing symptoms. The quality of the studies was appraised as low (n = 12), medium (n = 12), and high (n = 10). Conclusion Gender-based interventions should be designed for children and parents. The studies reviewed were cross-sectional, so long-term patterns and outcomes could not be predicted. Future researchers might consider a longitudinal approach to determine the long-term effects of the pandemic on children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022385284, identifier: CRD42022385284.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Levante
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Lab of Applied Psychology, Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Chiara Martis
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Federica Bianco
- Department of Human and Social Science, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Castelli
- Department of Human and Social Science, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Serena Petrocchi
- Lab of Applied Psychology, Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Flavia Lecciso
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Lab of Applied Psychology, Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Muhajarine N, Pisolkar V, Hinz T, Adeyinka DA, McCutcheon J, Alaverdashvili M, Damodharan S, Dena I, Jurgens C, Taras V, Green K, Kallio N, Palmer-Clarke Y. Mental Health and Health-Related Quality of Life of Children and Youth during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Saskatchewan, Canada. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1009. [PMID: 37371243 DOI: 10.3390/children10061009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
For children and youth, the COVID-19 pandemic surfaced at a critical time in their development. Children have experienced extended disruptions to routines including in-person schooling, physical activities, and social interactions-things that bring meaning and structure to their daily lives. We estimated the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms of children and youth and their experiences of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), during the first year of the pandemic, and identified factors related to these outcomes. Further, we examined these effects among ethnocultural minority families. We conducted an online survey (March-July 2021) with 510 children and youth aged 8-18 years and their parents/caregivers. The sample was representative of the targeted population. We modelled the relationship between anxiety, depression (measured using the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale), HRQoL (measured using KIDSCREEN-10), and sociodemographic, behavioural, and COVID-19-contributing factors using binary logistic regression. A priori-selected moderating effects of sociodemographic characteristics and self-identified ethnocultural minority groups on the outcomes were tested. The point-in-time prevalence of medium-to-high anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms was 10.19% and 9.26%, respectively. Almost half (49.15%) reported low-to-moderate HRQoL. Children reporting medium-to-high anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and low-to-moderate HRQoL were more likely to be aged 8-11 years, 16-18 years, ethnocultural minority participants, living in rural/urban areas, having good/fair MH before COVID-19, experiencing household conflicts, having less physical activity, and having ≥3 h of recreational screen time. Those who had more people living at home and ≥8 h of sleep reported low anxiety and depression symptoms. Ethnocultural minority 16-18-year-olds were more likely to report low-to-moderate HRQoL, compared to 12-15-year-olds. Additionally, 8-11-year-olds, 16-18-year-olds with immigrant parents, and 16-18-year-olds with Canadian-born parents were more likely to report low-moderate HRQoL, compared to 12-15-year-olds. Children and youth MH and HRQoL were impacted during the pandemic. Adverse MH outcomes were evident among ethnocultural minority families. Our results reveal the need to prioritize children's MH and to build equity-driven, targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazeem Muhajarine
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Vaidehi Pisolkar
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Tamara Hinz
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
- Saskatchewan Health Authority, 701 Queen Street, Saskatoon, SK S7K 0M7, Canada
| | - Daniel A Adeyinka
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Jessica McCutcheon
- Canadian Hub for Applied and Social Research (CHASR), University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A5, Canada
| | - Mariam Alaverdashvili
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Senthil Damodharan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Isabelle Dena
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Christa Jurgens
- EGADZ Saskatoon Downtown Youth Centre Inc., 1st Avenue North, Saskatoon, SK S7K 1X5, Canada
| | - Victoria Taras
- Saskatchewan Teachers' Federation, 2317 Arlington Avenue, Saskatoon, SK S7J 2H8, Canada
| | - Kathryn Green
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Natalie Kallio
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Yolanda Palmer-Clarke
- Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit (SPHERU), University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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15
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Vardi N, Lazebnik T. The Causal Role of Lockdowns in COVID-19: Conclusions From Daily Epidemiological, Psychological, and Sociological Data. Psychiatr Q 2023; 94:321-341. [PMID: 37300735 PMCID: PMC10257173 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10035-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Much has been written about the COVID-19 pandemic's epidemiological, psychological, and sociological consequences. Yet, the question about the role of the lockdown policy from psychological and sociological points of view has not been sufficiently addressed. Using epidemiological, psychological, and sociological daily data, we examined the causal role of lockdown and variation in morbidity referring to emotional and behavioral aspects. Dynamics of support requests to the Sahar organization concerning loneliness, depression, anxiety, family difficulties, and sexual trauma were investigated alongside processes of emergency and domestic violence reports to the Ministry of Welfare and Social Affairs. By exploring the signals and predictive modeling for a situation with no lockdown implementation, the lockdown was found as a critical factor in distress rising among the general population, which could affect long after the improvement in pandemic case counts. Applications and implications are discussed in the context of decision-making in dealing with crises as well as the need to allocate resources for adaptive coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Vardi
- Department of Psychology and The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Teddy Lazebnik
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
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16
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Moavero R, Di Micco V, Forte G, Voci A, Mazzone L, Valeriani M, Emberti Gialloreti L, Bruni O. Screen exposure and sleep: How the COVID-19 pandemic influenced children and adolescents - A questionnaire-based study. Sleep Med 2023; 107:48-54. [PMID: 37116435 PMCID: PMC10102534 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 pandemic has drastically increased the exposure to electronic devices in children, influencing their lifestyle and their sleep. This study was conducted to explore the relationship between the augmented screen exposure and sleep habits in children during and after the pandemic. METHODS Using the "Google Forms" tool, we created an online questionnaire addressed to parents of children and adolescents aged 2-18 years. We explored the use of screens before and during/after the lockdown and assessed the presence of sleep disturbances through the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), referring to the period before and during/after COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS We collected 1084 valid questionnaires (median age 8.5 ± 4.1 years). We observed a significant increase in screens exposure for school (72%) and for leisure (49.7%) during the pandemic. We reported an increased sleep disturbances prevalence from 22.1% before the pandemic to 33.9% during the outbreak (p < 0.001). Even before the pandemic, the highest risks for sleep disorders were related to daily screen time for school reasons (OR 1.65, p < 0.001) and total screen time after 6 p.m. (OR 1.59, p < 0.001). The augmented exposure to screens for any reasons during the pandemic was significantly related to an increase of sleep disorders, especially regarding the increased exposure after 6 p.m. (OR 1.67, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The augmented use of electronic devices was recognized to be a significant predisposing factor in increasing the rate of sleep disorders during and after the pandemic, thus sleep hygiene recommendations should be highlighted to improve sleep habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Moavero
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy; Developmental Neurology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Di Micco
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giusy Forte
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Voci
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Mazzone
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy; Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7 D3, Aalborg, DK-9220, Denmark
| | - Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Pang JCY, Chan ELS, Lau HMC, Reeves KKL, Chung THY, Hui HWL, Leung AHL, Fu ACL. The impacts of physical activity on psychological and behavioral problems, and changes in physical activity, sleep and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic in preschoolers, children, and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1015943. [PMID: 36969271 PMCID: PMC10038232 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1015943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected the level of physical activity (PA). However, little is known about its effect on health outcomes. Methods Articles without language restrictions published from the database inception through March 16, 2022, were retrieved using the CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases. High-quality articles assessing the effect of PA on psychological and behavioral problems. Additionally, PA, QoL, and/or sleep problems before and during the pandemic were included. Articles without data regarding PA or involving non-general populations were excluded. The PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed. Data quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and GRADE approach. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and sensitivity analysis if heterogenicity was high (I 2 ≥ 50%). The relationship between PA and psychological and behavioral problems; and changes in PA, QoL, and sleeping patterns before and during the pandemic in preschoolers, children, and adolescents were investigated. A meta-analysis was conducted; odds ratios (ORs), mean differences (MD), and standardized MDs (SMDs) were calculated. Results Thirty-four articles involving 66,857 participants were included. The results showed an overall significant protective effect between PA and psychological and/or behavioral problems (OR = 0.677; 95% CI = 0.630, 0.728; p-value <0.001; I 2 = 59.79%). This relationship was also significant in the subgroup analysis of children (OR = 0.690; 95% CI = 0.632, 0.752; p-value <0.001; I 2 = 58.93%) and adolescents (OR = 0.650; 95% CI = 0.570, 0.741; p-value <0.001; I 2 = 60.85%); however, no data on the relationship in preschoolers were collected. In addition, the overall time spent on PA significantly decreased by 23.2 min per day during the COVID-19 pandemic (95% CI = -13.5, -32.9; p-value <0.001; I 2 = 99.82%). Moreover, the results showed an overall significant decrease in QoL (SMD = -0.894, 95% CI = -1.180, -0.609, p-value <0.001, I 2 = 96.64%). However, there was no significant difference in sleep duration during the COVID-19 pandemic (MD = 0.01 h per day, 95% CI = -0.027, 0.225; p-value = 0.125; I 2 = 98.48%). Conclusion During the pandemic, less PA was contributed to poor QoL and sleep quality. However, increases in PA are associated with reduced occurrences of psychological and behavioral problems. Implementing recovery plans to address the health effect of the pandemic is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson C. Y. Pang
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of HIgher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eric L. S. Chan
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of HIgher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Herman M. C. Lau
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of HIgher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kara K. L. Reeves
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of HIgher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tina H. Y. Chung
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of HIgher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heidi W. L. Hui
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of HIgher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alfred H. L. Leung
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of HIgher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Allan C. L. Fu
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- China Studies Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging research suggests that the Covid-19 pandemic has disproportionately and adversely affected children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this meta-analysis is to consolidate the findings from studies that examined changes in ADHD symptoms from before to during the pandemic. METHOD Database searches of PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed, and ProQuest were used to identify relevant studies, theses, and dissertations. RESULTS A total of 18 studies met specific inclusion criteria and were coded based on various study characteristics. Twelve studies examined ADHD symptoms longitudinally and six studies assessed ADHD symptoms retroactively and during the pandemic. Data from 6,491 participants from 10 countries were included. Results indicated that many children and/or their caregivers reported an increase in child ADHD symptoms during the Covid-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS This review points to a global increase in ADHD symptoms and has implications for the prevalence and management of ADHD during the post-pandemic recovery.
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Parental Perceptions of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Sleep of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders. J Pediatr Health Care 2023; 37:179-184. [PMID: 36283892 PMCID: PMC9510090 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep in schoolaged children with neurodevelopmental disorders. This study aimed to (1) determine and describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) identify and describe contributing factors. METHOD Parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and insomnia symptoms (n = 100) were surveyed to determine if their child's sleep had changed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Parents who reported changes were asked to describe how the pandemic influenced their child's sleep. RESULTS Most parents (66%) reported the pandemic did not worsen their child's sleep, 30% stated their child's sleep had worsened, and 4% reported an improvement. Stress and anxiety about the pandemic, disrupted routines, and increased screen time were common parent-identified contributing factors. DISCUSSION Health care providers should explore strategies to mitigate contributing factors, such as anxiety about the pandemic, disrupted routines, and increased screen time.
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León Rojas D, Castorena Torres F, Alvarado Ramos S, del Castillo Morales A, Rodríguez-de-Ita J. Sleep Disturbances and Mental Well-Being of Preschool Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4386. [PMID: 36901397 PMCID: PMC10002191 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic confinement caused changes in families and children's routines worldwide. Studies conducted at the beginning of the pandemic have examined the harmful effects of these changes on mental health, including sleep disturbances. As sleep is essential for optimal childhood development, this study was designed to determine preschool-aged (3-6 years old) children's sleep parameters and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. Using a cross-sectional design, a survey was applied to parents of preschool children, inquiring about their children's confinement status, routine changes, and electronics use. The parents responded to the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire to assess children's sleep and mental well-being. To provide objective sleep data, the children wore wrist actigraphy for seven days. Fifty-one participants completed the assessment. The children's mean age was 5.2 years, and the prevalence of sleep disturbances was 68.6%. The use of electronic tablets in the bedroom near bedtime and symptoms of mental health deterioration (i.e., emotional distress and behavioral difficulties) were associated with sleep disturbances and their severity. The COVID-19 pandemic's confinement-related routine changes greatly impacted preschool children's sleep and well-being. We recommend establishing age-tailored interventions to manage children at higher risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela León Rojas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Castorena Torres
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico
| | - Salomon Alvarado Ramos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico
| | - Alfredo del Castillo Morales
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico
| | - Julieta Rodríguez-de-Ita
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Ave. Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Hospital San José, TecSalud, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico
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21
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Penna AL, de Aquino CM, Pinheiro MSN, do Nascimento RLF, Farias-Antúnez S, Araújo DABS, Mita C, Machado MMT, Castro MC. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health, early childhood development, and parental practices: a global scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:388. [PMID: 36823592 PMCID: PMC9950022 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In March 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), generating stark economic and social repercussions that directly or indirectly affected families' wellbeing and health status. AIMS This review aims at mapping the existing evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health, early childhood development, and parental practices, worldwide, to identify evidence gaps and better inform future delivery of care and health policy measures. METHODS Following the protocol defined by PRISMA-ScR, this scoping review has searched for relevant studies published between January 2020 and June 2021, selecting evidence sources based on pre-established criteria. From a total of 2,308 articles, data were extracted from 537 publications from 35 countries on all three health domains. RESULTS The combined stressors brought forth by the pandemic have exerted a heavy burden on the mental health of mothers and the development of young children, partly mediated by its impact on parental practices. CONCLUSIONS Despite remaining gaps, we have identified sufficient evidence pointing to an urgent need for more concerted global research efforts and rapid policy responses to timely address severe and pervasive negative impacts to the mental health of mothers and children at a key developmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Penna
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
| | - Camila Machado de Aquino
- grid.8395.70000 0001 2160 0329Department of Community Health, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Simone Farias-Antúnez
- grid.411237.20000 0001 2188 7235Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
| | | | - Carol Mita
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XCountway Library, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - Marcia C. Castro
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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Pastorino GMG, Marino M, Aiello S, D’Auria R, Meccariello R, Santoro A, Viggiano A, Operto FF. COVID-19 Pandemic: 1-Year Follow-Up in Children and Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3924. [PMID: 36900934 PMCID: PMC10001828 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have focused on the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. The objective of our work was to evaluate the changes in emotional and behavioral symptoms in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders and the impact on parenting stress 1 year after the first national lockdown. METHODS We enrolled 369 patients aged 1.5-18 years of age referred to the Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit of the University Hospital of Salerno (Italy) by their parents. We asked their parents to complete two standardized questionnaires for the assessment of emotional/behavioral symptoms (Child Behavior CheckList, CBCL) and parental stress (Parenting Stress Index, PSI) prior to the pandemic (Time 0), during the first national lockdown (Time 1) and after 1 year (Time 2), and we monitored the changes in symptoms over time. RESULTS After 1 year from the start of the first national lockdown, we found a significant increase of internalizing problems, anxiety, depression, somatization, and social and oppositional-defiant problems in older children (6-18 years), and a significant increase of somatization, anxiety problems, and sleep problems in younger children (1.5-5 years). We also observed a significant relationship between emotional/behavioral symptoms and parental stress. CONCLUSION Our study showed that parental stress levels increased compared to the pre-pandemic months and continues to persist over time, while internalizing symptoms of children and adolescents showed a significant worsening during 1 year follow-up from the first COVID-19 lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marianna Marino
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Salvatore Aiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Raffaella D’Auria
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Rosaria Meccariello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università di Napoli Parthenope, Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonietta Santoro
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Andrea Viggiano
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Francesca Felicia Operto
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
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Çimen İD, Çetin E, Fındık H, Çakın Memik N. Sleep Disorders and Associated Factors in Children Who Admitted to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinics During the Pandemic. JOURNAL OF TURKISH SLEEP MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.4274/jtsm.galenos.2022.22043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Sleep During the Pandemic. Sleep Med Clin 2023; 18:219-224. [PMID: 37120164 PMCID: PMC9968484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected childhood sleep. Decreased sleep quality and duration, more bedtime resistance, difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep, and higher rates of parasomnias have all been noted. The mental health crisis with doubling rates of anxiety and depression has also had a profound influence on youth sleep. The pediatric sleep medicine field has responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by adapting existing practices for safety and greatly expanding telemedicine services. Research and training considerations are further discussed.
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Richter SA, Schilling LB, Ferraz-Rodrigues C, Camargo NF, Nunes ML. The Influence of Parental Sleep and Experiences Related to COVID-19 on Sleep in Children and Adolescents between 2020 and 2021 in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2638. [PMID: 36768003 PMCID: PMC9916314 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the influence of parental sleep and experiences related to COVID-19 on sleep changes in children and adolescents in the period between 2020 and 2021 in Brazil and further compare the sleep of adults with and without children. This is a longitudinal web-survey study. Participants were invited to respond to a questionnaire regarding sleep characteristics, mental health issues, and work/lifestyle modifications in two waves of the pandemic (April-July 2020 and 2021). A total of 1172 adults answered both questionnaires, and 281 were dyads (parent-child/adolescent). Parent and non-parent adult responders had similar sociodemographic data, with a predominance of the female sex and self-declared white skin color prevailing along with higher levels of education in both groups. The prevalence of sleep problems in adults varied from 20.6% to 30.2% in the parent group and from 16.9% to 30.1% in non-parents. The prevalence of sleep problems in children and adolescents raised from 2020 to 2021 (respectively, 48% and 49.5%) but differences were not statistically significant. The multivariate logistic model showed in both years that changes in children's/adolescents' sleep was related to parents working at home, infected family/friends, time of exposure to COVID-19, and daytime sleep dysfunction. Our data showed that parental sleep and experiences related to COVID-19 influenced sleep changes in children and adolescents. Parents had a significant difference in daytime sleepiness compared to the group without children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Andresa Richter
- Ph.D. Program on Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Luísa Basso Schilling
- School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Ferraz-Rodrigues
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Nathália Fritsch Camargo
- School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Magda Lahorgue Nunes
- School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
- Brain Institute—Task Force COVID-19, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
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Capurso M, Pedale T, Santangelo V, Salmi LP, Mazzeschi C. Italian Children's Accounts of the Lockdown: Insights and Perspectives. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2023; 32:145-159. [PMID: 36643882 PMCID: PMC9831020 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-022-02508-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 lockdown-imposed restrictions emerged as a risk to children's well-being. However, the extant literature often ignored children's experiences, emotions, struggles, hopes, and expectations. Based on a large sample of Italian students (N = 906; mean age = 9.4 years, 48.8% female), we drew data from a post-lockdown school re-entry program where students completed narrative activities in 2020. These narratives underwent quantitative content analysis according to gender and school level. Overall, children reported mixed feelings about the lockdown; they felt safe at home but also experienced fear and missed their friends, school, and freedom. Screen-time, technology and friendships helped, but children struggled to make sense of the events. Our findings show how children attempted to make sense of the lockdown experience and may provide key information for the development of community coping programs to help children facing crises in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Capurso
- Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pedale
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Santangelo
- Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Mazzeschi
- Department of Philosophy, Social & Human Sciences and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Trajectories and Associations Between Maternal Depressive Symptoms, Household Chaos and Children's Adjustment through the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Four-Wave Longitudinal Study. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:103-117. [PMID: 35776297 PMCID: PMC9247896 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00954-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures have adversely affected the lives of people worldwide, raising concern over the pandemic's mental health consequences. Guided by a systemic model of family functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic (Prime et al., 2020), the current study aimed to examine how caregiver well-being (i.e., maternal depressive symptoms) and family organization (i.e., household chaos) are related to longitudinal trajectories of children's emotional and behavioral problems. Data were collected at four time points during and after home lockdown periods. Mothers of children (N = 230; 55% male) between the ages of two to five years were asked to complete questionnaires via an Israeli online research platform. Results indicated that emotional and behavioral problems, household chaos, and maternal depressive symptoms were the highest during the first lockdown assessment and dropped in the post-lockdown periods. Multilevel models further revealed that at the between-participants level, maternal depressive symptoms and household chaos positively predicted children's emotional and behavioral problems. At the within-participants level, household chaos fluctuations positively predicted fluctuations in child behavioral but not emotional problems. Our findings suggest that lockdowns have adverse effects on both maternal and child mental health. Screening for depressive symptoms among mothers of young children and maintaining household structure are important targets for future interventions to assist parents in navigating the multiple challenges brought upon by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Halperin H, Chalifour M, Bedi PK, Milne E, Dobson L, Olmstead DL, Castro-Codesal ML. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on adherence to noninvasive ventilation in children. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:179-188. [PMID: 36111360 PMCID: PMC9806774 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to measure changes in adherence to noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in children during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Retrospective chart review of children (0-18 years) using home NIV through the Stollery's Pediatric NIV program in Edmonton, Canada during March 2019 to March 2021. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and adherence information from machine downloads were collected prior to and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Paired t tests and Chi-square compared adherence prepandemic and during pandemic and repeated analysis of variance tests compared adherence pre- and 0-6 and 6-12 months during pandemic. RESULTS Eighty-two children met inclusion criteria (62% male; age 8.6 ± 4.6 years). Overall, there were no changes in NIV adherence during pandemic (average NIV minutes pre- and during pandemic of 390 ± 219 and 405 ± 300 minutes, respectively). When separated into increased vs decreased adherence groups, adherence differences pre- compared to during pandemic became significant, with no differences across demographic/clinical variables or prepandemic adherence. There were no changes in NIV adherence during the initial 6 months of pandemic compared to prepandemic, but NIV use significantly increased by 9-57 minutes during the following 6-12 months. Bilevel positive airway users had longer NIV use than continuous positive airway pressure users at all time points, with an overall increasing trend over time. CONCLUSIONS Despite the significant life disruption created by COVID-19 and changes to virtual care, children using home NIV maintained adequate adherence. Qualitative research is needed to understand the nuances of using NIV during the pandemic and potential advantages of virtual care for support of these children and families. CITATION Halperin H, Chalifour M, Bedi PK, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on adherence to noninvasive ventilation in children. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(1):179-188.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Halperin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mathieu Chalifour
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Prabhjot K. Bedi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ella Milne
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lauren Dobson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deborah L. Olmstead
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maria L. Castro-Codesal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Bothe K, Schabus M, Eigl ES, Kerbl R, Hoedlmoser K. Self-reported changes in sleep patterns and behavior in children and adolescents during COVID-19. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20412. [PMID: 36437313 PMCID: PMC9701691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns worldwide forced children and adolescents to change and adapt their lives to an unprecedented situation. Using an online survey, we investigated whether they showed changes in sleep quality and other related factors due to this event. Between February 21st, 2021 and April 19th, 2021, a total of 2,290 Austrian children and adolescents (6-18 years) reported their sleep habits and quality of sleep as well as physical activity, daylight exposure and usage of media devices during and, retrospectively, before the pandemic. Results showed an overall delay of sleep and wake times. Almost twice as many respondents reported having sleeping problems during the pandemic as compared to before, with insomnia, nightmares and daytime sleepiness being the most prevalent problems. Furthermore, sleeping problems and poor quality of sleep correlated positively with COVID-19 related anxiety. Lastly, results showed a change from regular to irregular bedtimes during COVID-19, higher napping rates, a strong to very strong decrease in physical activity and daylight exposure, as well as a high to very high increase in media consumption. We conclude that the increase in sleeping problems in children and adolescent during COVID-19 is concerning. Thus, health promoting measures and programs should be implemented and enforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Bothe
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Manuel Schabus
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Esther-Sevil Eigl
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Reinhold Kerbl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Leoben Regional Hospital, Leoben, Styria, Austria
| | - Kerstin Hoedlmoser
- Laboratory for Sleep, Cognition and Consciousness Research, Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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Ayyıldız TK, Akkoç B, Kurt A. Perception of Coronavirus in Children Through the Interpretation of Metaphors. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2022:302228221141940. [PMID: 36419244 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221141940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the perception of coronavirus in children between the ages of 7-18 through the interpretation of metaphors. This qualitative study was conducted with a total of 34 children between the ages of 7-18 years The metaphors obtained from the content analysis were categorized into two main themes and sub-themes. The main themes were categorized as barrier at COVID-19 and fear at coronavirus as fear. The most striking metaphors in the study, such as death, deadly, disease, scary, germ, snake venom, black hole, darkness, gun, lead, were the metaphors in the "Deadly" category, which were revealed by children. In unexpected situations, it is beneficial for parents and health care professionals to establish clear, open, and reassuring communication with their children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Betül Akkoç
- Bartın Maternity and Children's Hospital, Turkey
| | - Aylin Kurt
- Faculty of Health Science, Bartın University, Turkey
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Dwelling in times of COVID-19: An analysis on habitability and environmental factors of Spanish housing. JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 2022; 60:105012. [PMCID: PMC9352653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the wake of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO), governments urged people to stay at home. For this reason, practically all human activity took place inside the houses. The research question established if housing quality responded to people’s needs in the context of confinement. Specifically, the purpose was to taxonomize the dwelling stock occupied by confined households during the first COVID-19 wave in Spain, as well as to deepen in features and subjective perceptions on Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ). As an exploratory study, an online questionnaire was disseminated in the Spring of 2020, obtaining 1,673 valid responses. A descriptive statistical analysis included sociodemographic, territorial and housing variables, related to indoor environmental quality, the availability of outdoor spaces, and the prospects for changes in. Also, a logistic regression stablished multivariate relations for the dependent variable “general dwelling satisfaction”. The results associated urban habitat, tenancy regime, higher incomes, and fewer cohabitants, with worse perceived IEQ, and lack of own outdoor space. Same variables showed relations with people’s desire for domestic changes. In conclusion, it is remarkable the determining role of housing design for dwellers’ satisfaction, especially in uncertain times like COVID-19 pandemic. This not only conditioned the different ways of inhabiting and occupying dwellings, but also the people’s capacity to face lockdown. The built environment, the habitat, and households’ circumstances also influenced. The latter did on people's perception of their experience, and how they lived and expressed it. Additionally, resilient building design and renovation opportunities were identified.
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Samsen‐Bronsveld HE, Van der Ven SH, Speetjens PP, Bakx AW. Impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on gifted and non-gifted primary school students' well-being and motivation from a self-determination perspective. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS : JORSEN 2022; 23:JRS312583. [PMID: 36718255 PMCID: PMC9877869 DOI: 10.1111/1471-3802.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of the COVID-19-induced school lockdown on need satisfaction, well-being and motivation in both gifted and non-gifted primary school students in the Netherlands. A total of 312 parents (122 from gifted children) participated. The lockdown had mainly negative effects on students' need satisfaction, well-being and motivation. However, the impact of the lockdown was less negative for gifted students. There was also a levelling effect: Before the lockdown, gifted students had lower need satisfaction, well-being and motivation than their non-gifted peers, but these differences decreased during the lockdown due to (stronger) declines in the non-gifted. Changes in non-gifted students' well-being and motivation, because of the lockdown, were negatively mediated by autonomy and relatedness with classmates. Among the gifted, this was positively mediated by competence. Only before the lockdown, the effects of giftedness on well-being and motivation were mediated by autonomy and relatedness satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anouke W.E.A. Bakx
- Radboud UniversityThe Netherlands
- Fontys Child and Education University of Applied SciencesThe Netherlands
- PPF Centrum Voor Hoog OntwikkelingsPotentieelThe Netherlands
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Capurso M, Buratta L, Mazzeschi C. Primary and middle-school children’s drawings of the lockdown in Italy. Front Psychol 2022; 13:982654. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.982654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective-descriptive study investigated how primary and middle-school children perceived the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy (March–May 2020) as manifested in their drawings. Once school restarted after the first COVID-19 wave, and as part of a structured school re-entry program run in their class in September 2020, 900 Italian children aged 7–13 were asked to draw a moment of their life during the lockdown. The drawings were coded and quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed; several pictorial examples are illustrated in this article. Most children used colorful and full-body representations of the self, but in almost half of the pictures drawn by older students, the self was either missing or represented without the face visible. Most children drew the interior of their houses, and the outside world was completely invisible in over half of the pictures. The most represented activities among younger students were playing or sport, followed by screentime or technology-use. Domestic routines and distance learning were also depicted. Most children, but predominantly girls, drew characters showing emotional cohesion clues, and more younger pupils and girls depicted contentment as their main emotion. Conflicting emotions were virtually non-existent. Our data suggest that children coped with the lockdown through play, screen, and technology use. The high incidence of the missing self-representation in preadolescents could indicate how the enforced loneliness and lack of direct physical contact with others impacted their perception of the self. The findings presented here deepen our knowledge of the dynamics connected to the effects of the COVID crisis on children and young people and show how drawings can provide a valuable window into children’s emotions and perceptions.
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Daşdemir F, Orbatu D, Bektaş M, Özkan B. Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on obesity, internet addiction, and sleep quality in adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 66:196-201. [PMID: 35850000 PMCID: PMC9286851 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to examine the effects of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic on obesity, Internet addiction, and sleep quality in adolescents. METHODS In this study, data were collected from 395 healthy adolescents using a sociodemographic form, an Internet addiction scale, and a sleep quality scale. Descriptive statistics were analyzed as numbers, percentages, and mean values. The Wilcoxon test was performed to compare the mean body mass index (BMI), Internet addiction, and sleep quality scores of the participants before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The differences were significant at a p value of <0.05. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 15.04 ± 1.81 years, and 53% of them were female. The difference between the mean BMI scores of adolescents before and after the COVID-19 pandemic was significant (p < 0.01). The difference between the mean Internet addiction scale scores of the participants before and after the COVID-19 pandemic was significant (p < 0.01). The difference between the mean sleep quality scale scores before and after the COVID-19 pandemic was also significant (p < 0.01). Approximately 27.1% and 34.9% of the participants were obese before and after COVID-19, respectively. CONCLUSION The obesity rate, BMI, and Internet addiction levels of children increased, whereas their sleep quality decreased after the COVID-19 pandemic. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS During the pandemic period, online trainings for parents should be organized on planning physical activities during closure periods, regulating the adolescents' sleep and eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Daşdemir
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Orbatu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences, Dr. Behçet Uz Child Disease and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Murat Bektaş
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Türkiye.
| | - Behzat Özkan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Dr. Behçet Uz Child Disease and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
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Richter SA, Ferraz‐Rodrigues C, Schilling LB, Camargo NF, Nunes ML. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sleep Res 2022; 32:e13720. [PMID: 36000251 PMCID: PMC9539085 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We synthesise the literature on the potential influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality in children and adolescents. The search identified studies that examined the relationship between sleep quality and disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. It began in May 2021 and has had two updates with the last in January 2022. The databases used were LILACS, PubMed, and EMBASE. Random effects models were performed to explore heterogeneity between studies. Data were presented as continuous variables (mean value and standard deviation) to perform a meta-analysis. Twenty-nine studies from 16 countries were identified: Nine had children and eight had adolescents. The overall quality of the studies ranged from high (27.6%) to medium (65.5%) and low (6.9%). Eight studies were eligible for meta-analysis. There was an increase in sleep duration during the pandemic when compared with the previous period 0.33 (95%CI -0.07; 0.60) (p < 0.001) and late bedtime 0.78 (95%CI -0.33; 1.22) (p < 0.001). A trend toward reduced sleep efficiency was also detected 0.54 (95%CI -0.75; -0.33) p = 0.20. Parents' reports of increased use of screen media/electronic devices were associated with worse sleep quality. The results suggest an influence of the pandemic on sleep characteristics such as increased sleep duration, late bedtimes, and poor sleep quality. These alterations were related to changes in family routines during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nathália Fritsch Camargo
- School of Medicine–Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) and Brain Institute–Task Force COVID‐19Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Magda Lahorgue Nunes
- School of Medicine–Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) and Brain Institute–Task Force COVID‐19Porto AlegreBrazil
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Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic Period in the European Population: An Institutional Challenge. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159347. [PMID: 35954706 PMCID: PMC9367746 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for an infectious pandemic, with repercussions on socio-economic aspects and on the physical and mental health of the general population. The present systematic review aimed to evaluate the data belonging to the European framework, analyzing the population by age group. Original articles and reviews on the state of mental health of the general European population have been researched starting from 2021. Initially, a total of 1764 studies were found, among which a total of 75 were selected. Youth were the age group most affected by pandemic consequences on mental health, with emotional and behavioral alterations observed from a third to more than a half of children and adolescents examined. Among both adolescents and adults, the female gender had a higher prevalence of psychopathological symptoms. The main risk factors were poor social support, economic difficulties, and, in particular, unemployment or job changes. Additional individual risk factors were the perception of loneliness, the presence of pre-pandemic mental illness/distress, and some personality traits, such as neuroticism, impulsiveness, and the use of maladaptive coping strategies. Unexpectedly, the elderly maintained good resilience towards change, even if a stress factor was represented by the feeling of loneliness and poor social contact. As regards suicidal behaviors, among adolescents, there was an increase in attempts of 25%, with a greater risk for the female gender. This risk increased also among adults, in association with symptoms of anxiety and depression, and poor socio-environmental conditions. In conclusion, some population groups were found to be at greater risk of psychological burden during pandemic waves, thus representing priority targets for socio-health interventions.
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Bilar JA, Bulhões CDSG, Sette GCS, Perrelli JGA, Soares AKF, Lima APE. Saúde mental de crianças na pandemia da COVID-19. REME: REVISTA MINEIRA DE ENFERMAGEM 2022. [DOI: 10.35699/2316-9389.2022.37693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo: analisar as evidências científicas sobre as repercussões da pandemia da COVID-19 para a saúde mental de crianças e suas estratégias de enfrentamento. Método: estudo do tipo revisão integrativa de literatura nas bases de dados SciELO, Lilacs, Scopus e Medline. A busca resultou em um total de 6.094 artigos; após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, 12 artigos compuseram a revisão. Resultados: os resultados mostraram que as principais repercussões para a saúde mental foram: ansiedade, estresse, sintomas depressivos, hiperatividade, irritabilidade, alterações no padrão do sono, estados de humor, distanciamento social, alterações de comportamento, diminuição ou ausência de conexão com os pares e aumento do tempo em tela. Foram apontadas como estratégias de enfrentamento: diálogos abertos e explicativos entre pais e filhos acerca da pandemia e do coronavírus, regulação do padrão de sono e do tempo em tela, prática de atividade física regular, melhora da qualidade do ensino remoto e universalidade do acesso às aulas e implementação de políticas públicas e ações em saúde. Conclusão: concluiu-se que as crianças já estão sofrendo com essas repercussões, as quais poderão afetar sua saúde mental e física, surgindo a necessidade de organizar estratégias de enfrentamento a nível populacional que minimizem os danos no período pós-pandemia.
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Scrimin S, Mastromatteo LY, Hovnanyan A, Zagni B, Rubaltelli E, Pozzoli T. Effects of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Stress, and Family Support on Children's Physical and Emotional Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2022; 31:2215-2228. [PMID: 35813239 PMCID: PMC9252537 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-022-02339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we conduct an exploratory study on children's emotional and physical health in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The direct and interactive effects of parental stress, family socioeconomic status (SES), and family support on child adjustment were investigated. A total of 116 children of varied socioeconomic and their parents were interviewed. Parents with low household income perceived greater distress related to uncertainty and health worries compared to those with higher household income. However, it was among high-SES families that parental distress was associated with child difficulties. At a multivariate level, children's health was associated with SES, family support, and parental COVID-19 stress. Among families with low household income, when parents perceived low/average COVID-19 stress, family support worked as a protective factor for children's adjustment. Understanding how COVID-19 relates with children's emotional and physical health within families with low and high household income may help to inform recommendations for best practices, for example through family support interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Scrimin
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Ani Hovnanyan
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Benedetta Zagni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Enrico Rubaltelli
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pozzoli
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Levitt KJ, Munzer T, Torres C, Schaller A, McCaffery H, Radesky JS. Remote and Hybrid Schooling During COVID-19: Associations with Child Behavior and Sleep. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2022; 43:e288-e295. [PMID: 35583945 PMCID: PMC10186251 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of child behavior, academic and sleep concerns, and parent stress and depression symptoms during COVID-19; to test associations of parent-child well-being with child school format; and to examine effect moderation by child race/ethnicity and material hardship. METHODS A total of 305 English-speaking parents of elementary school-age children completed online surveys regarding demographics, child school format, behavior, learning-related experiences, sleep, and parent stress and depression symptoms. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses examined associations of school format with child and parent outcomes. RESULTS Children were aged 5.00 to 10.99 years, with 27.8% underrepresented minority race/ethnicity. Per parental report, 27.7% attended school in-person, 12.8% hybrid, and 59.5% remote. In multivariable models, compared with children receiving in-person instruction, children receiving remote instruction exhibited more hyperactivity (β 0.94 [95% confidence interval, 0.18-1.70]), peer problems (β 0.71 [0.17-1.25]), and total behavioral difficulties (β 2.82 [1.11-4.53]); were less likely to show academic motivation (odds ratio [OR] 0.47 [0.26-0.85]) and social engagement (OR 0.13 [0.06-0.25]); were more likely to show schoolwork defiance (OR 2.91 [1.56-5.40]); and had a later sleep midpoint (β 0.37 [0.18-0.56]) and higher odds of cosleeping (OR 1.89 [1.06-3.37]). Associations of remote learning with behavior difficulties were stronger for children without material hardships. CONCLUSION Children receiving remote and hybrid instruction were reported to have more difficulties compared with children receiving in-person instruction. Children with material hardships showed more behavior challenges overall but less associated with school format. Therefore, planning for a return to in-person learning should also include consideration of family supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley J. Levitt
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department
of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Tiffany Munzer
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department
of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Chioma Torres
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department
of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Alexandria Schaller
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department
of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Harlan McCaffery
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical
School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jenny S. Radesky
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department
of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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Al-Mulla NA, Mahfoud ZR. The Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown “Home Quarantine” on the Physical Activity and Lifestyle of Children in Qatar. Front Public Health 2022; 10:877424. [PMID: 35692309 PMCID: PMC9174584 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.877424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have investigated how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted children's lifestyle. To our knowledge, this is the first study that assesses the impact of quarantine on physical activity, screen time, sleep, and diet in children aged 5 to 12 in Qatar. Methods Cross-sectional data from an online survey distributed in Qatar was analyzed. The survey measured the parents' or caregivers' assessment on the change in the child's physical activity, sleep, screen time, and diet between the two periods (before quarantine and during quarantine). The data was analyzed using frequency distributions, paired t-test and McNemar's test. Results Data from 144 respondents were analyzed. Due to the quarantine, the total weekly average hours of physical activity significantly decreased with a greatest reduction for the school and after school durations. Only 4.5% of the children were engaging in at least 60 minutes of physical activity per day (in contrast to 25.6% prior to quarantine). The reported barriers for physical activity were screen time for school (52.8%) and leisure (51.4%). There was a significant increase in the total number of main meals per day, with a higher consumption of unhealthy food. The majority of the children had their bedtime and waketime shifted to later because of the quarantine. The parents' or caregivers' satisfaction with the child's lifestyle during quarantine showed that 49.1% were disappointed or very disappointed. Also, 53.8% described their child's mental health as “better before quarantine.” Conclusions Quarantine had a negative impact on the lifestyle of children in Qatar. When implementing restrictions, authorities should consider some interventions to counterpart such impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A. Al-Mulla
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ziyad R. Mahfoud
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Ziyad R. Mahfoud
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Curatola A, Ferretti S, Gatto A, Valentini P, Giugno G, Della Marca G, Brunetti V, Lazzareschi I. The Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Italian School-Aged Children: Sleep-Related Difficulties and Trauma Reactions. J Child Neurol 2022; 37:8830738221096194. [PMID: 35535411 PMCID: PMC9096002 DOI: 10.1177/08830738221096194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental and physical health of the world population. This study aims to investigate incidence of sleep-related difficulties and post-traumatic stress disorder in the school-aged children after 1 year of the pandemic. METHODS A sample of Italian children (6-12 years) was queried about their sleep behaviors after 1 year of the pandemic, answering the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). We also evaluated trauma symptoms with the Children's Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8). RESULTS Among 205 participants, 184 (89.8%) presented sleep-related difficulties. Out of all, 99 (48.3%) had a high risk to develop post-traumatic stress disorder. Ninety-five (51.6%) children with sleep-related difficulties also presented an abnormal CRIES-8 total score. A correlation was found between the CSHQ total score and the CRIES-8 total score (r = 0.354, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS The sleep-related difficulties occurring during COVID-19 outbreak may compound to increase the risk to develop post-traumatic stress disorder among Italian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Curatola
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli,” IRCCS,
Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome,
Italy
| | - Serena Ferretti
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli,” IRCCS,
Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome,
Italy
| | - Antonio Gatto
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli,” IRCCS,
Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome,
Italy
| | - Piero Valentini
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli,” IRCCS,
Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome,
Italy
| | - Giulia Giugno
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli,” IRCCS,
Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome,
Italy
| | - Giacomo Della Marca
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli,” IRCCS,
Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome,
Italy
| | - Valerio Brunetti
- Institute of Neurology, Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli,” IRCCS,
Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome,
Italy
| | - Ilaria Lazzareschi
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione
Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli,” IRCCS,
Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome,
Italy
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Rega A, Nappo R, Simeoli R, Cerasuolo M. Age-Related Differences in Psychological Distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095532. [PMID: 35564927 PMCID: PMC9101009 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
While the negative impact of COVID-19 total lockdown on mental health in youth has been extensively studied, findings collected during subsequent waves of the pandemic, in which restrictive rules were more eased, are very sparse. Here, we explore perceived psychological distress during the partial lockdown of the third wave in Southern Italy in a large sample of students, focusing on age and gender differences. Also, we assessed whether attending the type of education could have a protective role on students' psychological well-being. An online survey was completed by 1064 southern Italian students (age range: 8-19 years; males = 368) from March to July 2021. The survey consists of a set of questions regarding general sociodemographic information as well as several aspects of students' psychological well-being. Psychological distress was higher in high school students compared to both elementary and middle ones. In addition, we found gender differences, but only in high school students, with females reporting higher psychological distress than males. Finally, our mediation analysis showed a mediated role of face-to-face schooling in the relationship between age and psychological distress. In conclusion, this study highlights age-related differences in psychological distress during the pandemic and the protective role of school in presence for mental health in Italian students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Rega
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
- Neapolisanit s.r.l. Rehabilitation Center, 80044 Ottaviano, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Raffaele Nappo
- Neapolisanit s.r.l. Rehabilitation Center, 80044 Ottaviano, Italy;
| | - Roberta Simeoli
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
- Neapolisanit s.r.l. Rehabilitation Center, 80044 Ottaviano, Italy;
| | - Mariangela Cerasuolo
- Associazione Italiana Per L’Assistenza Spastici Onlus Sez Di Cicciano, 80033 Cicciano, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (M.C.)
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Owens J. The complex impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022; 98:221-222. [PMID: 34942155 PMCID: PMC8664709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Quality of Life and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents after the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Large Population-Based Survey in South Tyrol, Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095220. [PMID: 35564614 PMCID: PMC9101425 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Methodological heterogeneity of studies and geographical variation limit conclusions about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of youth. This study aimed to explore the health-related quality of life and mental health of children and adolescents in the second year of the pandemic in South Tyrol, Italy. Methods: An online survey representative for the age and gender of the children and adolescents in South Tyrol was conducted among 5159 families with children and adolescents aged 7–19 years, between 28 May and 16 June 2021. The survey collecting parental ratings and self-rated questionnaires from children and adolescents aged 11–19 years included instruments to measure health-related quality of life (KIDSCREEN-10), mental health problems (SDQ), anxiety (SCARED), and depression (CES-DC). The results were compared with data from corresponding studies conducted in Germany. Results: Decreased health-related quality of life and increased conduct problems, peer-related mental health problems, anxiety, and depressive and psychosomatic symptoms in children and adolescents observed in the second year of the pandemic in Germany were confirmed in the second year in South Tyrol. Children and adolescents with low socioeconomic status, a migration background, and limited living space were significantly affected. Female sex and older age were associated with increased psychosocial problems and a positive family climate supported the mental health of children and adolescents during the pandemic. Conclusions: Confirmation of findings of decreased health-related quality of life and increased emotional problems after the first year of the pandemic supports the ongoing call for low-threshold health promotion, prevention, and early intervention programs to support children and adolescents who have been severely affected by the pandemic.
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Montagnese S, Zarantonello L, Formentin C, Giusti G, Mangini C, Isherwood CM, Ferrari P, Paoli A, Mapelli D, Rizzuto R, Toppo S, Skene DJ, Vettor R, Costa R. A Circadian Hygiene Education Initiative Covering the Pre-pandemic and Pandemic Period Resulted in Earlier Get-Up Times in Italian University Students: An Ecological Study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:848602. [PMID: 35495039 PMCID: PMC9047178 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.848602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to obtain sleep quality and sleep timing information in a group of university students and to evaluate the effects of a circadian hygiene education initiative. All students of the University of Padova (approximately 64,000) were contacted by e-mail (major campaigns in October 2019 and October 2020) and directed to an ad hoc website for collection of demographics and sleep quality/timing information. Participants (n = 5,740) received one of two sets of circadian hygiene advice (“A regular life” or “Bright days and dark nights”). Every month, they were then asked how easy it had been to comply and provided with the advice again. At any even month from joining, they completed the sleep quality/timing questionnaires again. Information on academic performance was obtained post hoc, together with representative samples of lecture (n = 5,972) and examination (n = 1,800) timings, plus lecture attendances (n = 25,302). Fifty-two percent of students had poor sleep quality, and 82% showed signs of social jetlag. Those who joined in October 2020, after several months of lockdown and distance learning, had better sleep quality, less social jetlag, and later sleep habits. Over approximately a year, the “Bright days and dark nights” advice resulted in significantly earlier get-up times compared with the “A regular life” advice. Similarly, it also resulted in a trend toward earlier midsleep (i.e., the midpoint, expressed as clock time, between sleep onset and sleep offset) and toward a decrease in the latency between wake-up and get-up time, with no impact on sleep duration. Significant changes in most sleep quality and sleep timing variables (i.e., fewer night awakenings, less social jetlag, and delayed sleep timing during lock-down) were observed in both advice groups over approximately a year, mostly in association with pandemic-related events characterizing 2020. Early chronotype students had better academic performances compared with their later chronotype counterparts. In a multivariate model, sleep quality, chronotype and study subject (science and technology, health and medical, or social and humanities) were independent predictors of academic performance. Taken together, these results underlie the importance of designing circadian-friendly university timetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Montagnese
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- *Correspondence: Sara Montagnese,
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Mangini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Cheryl M. Isherwood
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniela Mapelli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Toppo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Debra J. Skene
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Costa
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Padua, Italy
- Rodolfo Costa,
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Jahrami HA, Alhaj OA, Humood AM, Alenezi AF, Fekih-Romdhane F, AlRasheed MM, Saif ZQ, Bragazzi NL, Pandi-Perumal SR, BaHammam AS, Vitiello MV. Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 62:101591. [PMID: 35131664 PMCID: PMC8782754 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the extent of sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eleven databases and six preprint repositories were searched for the period from November 1, 2019, to July 15, 2021. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to develop random-effect meta-analyses. Two hundred and fifty studies comprising 493,475 participants from 49 countries were included. During COVID-19, the estimated global prevalence of sleep disturbances was 40.49% [37.56; 43.48%]. Bayesian meta-analysis revealed an odds of 0.68 [0.59; 0.77] which translates to a rate of approximately 41%. This provides reassurance that the estimated rate using classical meta-analysis is robust. Six major populations were identified; the estimated prevalence of sleep problem was 52.39% [41.69; 62.88%] among patients infected with COVID-19, 45.96% [36.90; 55.30%] among children and adolescents, 42.47% [37.95; 47.12%] among healthcare workers, 41.50% [32.98; 50.56%] among special populations with healthcare needs, 41.16% [28.76; 54.79%] among university students, and 36.73% [32.32; 41.38%] among the general population. Sleep disturbances were higher during lockdown compared to no lockdown, 42.49% versus 37.97%. Four in every ten individuals reported a sleep problem during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients infected with the disease, children, and adolescents appeared to be the most affected groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham A Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Bahrain; College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain.
| | - Omar A Alhaj
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ali M Humood
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Ahmad F Alenezi
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Psychiatry Department "Ibn Omrane", Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maha M AlRasheed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Somnogen Canada Inc., College Street, Toronto, Canada; Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, and Biobehavioral Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, United States
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Knowland VCP, van Rijn E, Gaskell MG, Henderson L. UK children's sleep and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:76. [PMID: 35313993 PMCID: PMC8936042 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00729-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep and mental wellbeing are intimately linked. This relationship is particularly important to understand as it emerges over childhood. Here we take the opportunity that the COVID-19 pandemic, and resulting lockdown in the UK, presented to study sleep-related behaviour and anxiety in school-aged children.
Methods Parents and children were asked to complete questionnaires towards the start of the UK lockdown in April-to-May of 2020, then again in August of that year (when many restrictions had been lifted). We explored children’s emotional responses to the pandemic and sleep patterns at both time points, from the perspectives of parents and children themselves.
Results Children’s bedtime anxiety increased at the start of the lockdown as compared to a typical week; however, by August, bedtime anxiety had ameliorated along with children’s COVID-19 related anxiety. Bedtime anxiety predicted how long it took children to fall asleep at night at both the start and the end of the lockdown. Bedtime and wake-up time shifted at the start of lockdown, but interestingly total sleep time was resilient (likely owing to an absence of early school start times) and was not predicted by child anxiety. Conclusions These findings further support calls for sleep quality (in particular, time taken to fall asleep) to be taken as a key indicator of mental health in children, particularly under usual circumstances when schools are open and sleep duration may be less resilient. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40359-022-00729-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria C P Knowland
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK. .,Speech and Language Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Elaine van Rijn
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - M Gareth Gaskell
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Lisa Henderson
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Adolescents: Cognitive and Emotional Representations. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9030359. [PMID: 35327734 PMCID: PMC8946934 DOI: 10.3390/children9030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The present research investigated children and adolescents’ explicit and spontaneous representation of the COVID-19 pandemic and their related emotions, cognitions, and coping strategies. We explored the self-reported protective factors and coping mechanisms, in addition to similar attributional emotional experiences, i.e., the ways participants evaluated others’ pandemic experiences. Our sample consisted of 155 children and adolescents aged 10 to 13 (M = 10.70, SD = 0.85, 56.1% females). We designed a 12-item survey and analyzed our data using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Our findings suggested that most children and adolescents associated masks with the thought of the novel coronavirus, and the most frequently associated emotion was sadness (45.2%), followed by fear (17.4%). Generally, participants reported a medium level of perceived adverse effects of the pandemic, mainly because their regular physical school classes moved to the online setting. We also found a significant association between children’s self-reported levels of harmful effects of the pandemic and perceived adverse effects on their families. Most participants expressed their dissatisfaction concerning online school classes, primarily due to poor online interaction. In our sample, the children and adolescents reported positive thoughts and family relationships as their primary coping mechanisms during the pandemic, suggesting similar perceived coping mechanisms in the others around them. Finally, more than half of the participants considered that the COVID-19 pandemic had no positive effects, while 40% considered the increased time spent with their families the primary positive consequences following the COVID-19 health crisis. Results are discussed regarding their implications concerning healthcare, social, and educational policies.
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Ursache A, Barajas-Gonzalez RG, Adhikari S, Kamboukos D, Brotman LM, Dawson-McClure S. A quasi-experimental study of parent and child well-being in families of color in the context of COVID-19 related school closure. SSM Popul Health 2022; 17:101053. [PMID: 35284616 PMCID: PMC8914215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Families of color living in historically disinvested neighborhoods face a multitude of health disparities which have been exacerbated by COVID-19 and the resulting strategies to mitigate its transmission. School closure, which occurred with little warning and few, if any, resources for preparation, disrupted multiple aspects of families' lives; these disruptions are anticipated to adversely impact mental health and well-being. The current study aims to advance understanding of the experiences of families of young children of color during the pandemic by utilizing a natural experiment design to test impact on child and parent mental health and sleep in the context of COVID-19 related school closure among families in historically disinvested neighborhoods. Data from this study come from an ongoing study of 281 families of color enrolled in 41 pre-kindergarten (pre-K) programs in neighborhoods across New York City (NYC). In NYC, school closure occurred on March 16, 2020, during a data collection period involving phone surveys with parents; the quasi-experimental design allows for comparison of the 198 families who had completed the survey prior to March 16, and the 83 families who completed the survey after March 16, using identical protocols and procedures. Results demonstrate poorer mental health among parents surveyed after school closure as compared to before school closure. No differences were found for parent sleep, child mental health, or child sleep. Implications of this work highlight the need for structural and systemic supports for families faced with compounding stressors as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and related school closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ursache
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, USA
| | | | | | - Dimitra Kamboukos
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, USA
| | - Laurie M. Brotman
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, USA
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Ustuner Top F, Cam HH. Sleep disturbances in school-aged children 6-12 years during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 63:125-130. [PMID: 34801326 PMCID: PMC9757998 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep disturbances in childhood are an important pediatrics problem because of their influence on children's health and their strong correlation with behavior problems. The aim of the present study was to explore sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic in school-age children. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was used for data collection. From 1 to 15 February 2021, the study utilized snowball sampling techniques to gather data through an online survey. Parents of 1040 6-12-year-old schoolchildren completed the Socio-demographic Information Questionnaire and the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to pinpoint factors connected to sleep disturbances. RESULTS The prevalence of sleep disturbances among 6-12-year-old children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey was 55.5%. The most common sleep disturbances were bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, and sleep duration. The children's ages, family relationships, and eating habits were linked to their sleep disturbances. Moreover, our results indicated that sleep disturbances were more common in the children of parents who felt helpless, apprehensive, and frightened during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Our work showed that the prevalence of sleep disturbances among school-aged children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey was quite high. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Parents who are worried that their child is sleeping too much or too little should consult their healthcare provider for assessment of a probable sleep disturbance. School nurses should be educated children and their parents about the importance of enough sleep and factors that contribute to inadequate sleep among children during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadime Ustuner Top
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Child Health and Disease Nursing, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Huseyin Cam
- Yusuf Şerefoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Nursing, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey
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