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Li X, Wang Z, Ge Y, Sun H, Zhang L. Comparative stress response assessment of PFOS and its alternatives, F-53B and OBS, in wheat: An insight of toxic mechanisms and relative magnitudes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115333. [PMID: 37586196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Emerging alternatives to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), including 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B) and p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS), have been widely detected in the real environment as PFOS restriction. However, the toxicity in plants and the underlying mechanism of F-53B and OBS remain scarce, especially compared to PFOS. PFOS and their emerging alternatives pose significant potential risks to food, especially for crops, safety and human health with the great convenience of high chemical stability. Germination toxicity, oxidative stress biomarkers, and metabolomics were used to compare the relative magnitudes of toxicity of PFOS and its alternatives in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PFOS, F-53B, and OBS inhibited wheat germination compared to the control group, with germination inhibition rates of 45.6%, 53.5%, and 64.3% at 400 μM PFOS, F-53B, and OBS exposure, respectively. Moreover, oxidative stress biomarker changes were observed in PFOS, F-53B, and OBS, with OBS being more pronounced. The chlorophyll concentrations in wheat shoots increased, and the anthocyanin concentration decreased along with the increased exposure concentration. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in wheat root but decreased in the shoot. Peroxidase (POD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration increased, whereas catalase (CAT) activity decreased. Regarding metabolomics, PFOS, F-53B, and OBS exposure (10 μM) significantly altered 85, 133, and 134 metabolites, respectively. According to KEGG enrichment analysis, F-53B specifically affects lipid metabolism, whereas OBS causes an imbalance in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. These findings suggested that PFOS, F-53B, and OBS have distinct toxic mechanisms. Thus, our results indicated that the relative size of the toxicity in wheat is as follows: OBS > F-53B > PFOS, and this finding provides a new reference basis for the phytotoxicity assessment of F-53B and OBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhui Ge
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lianying Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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2
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Rathnayaka Pathiranage RGL, Mira MM, Hill RD, Stasolla C. The inhibition of maize (Zea mays L.) root stem cell regeneration by low oxygen is attenuated by Phytoglobin 1 (Pgb1) through changes in auxin and jasmonic acid. PLANTA 2023; 257:120. [PMID: 37178357 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSIONS Over-expression of Phytoglobin1 increases the viability of maize root stem cells to low oxygen stress through changes in auxin and jasmonic acid responses. Hypoxia inhibits maize (Zea mays L.) root growth by deteriorating the quiescent center (QC) stem cells of the root apical meristem. Over-expression of the Phytoglobin1 ZmPgb1.1 alleviates these effects through the retention of the auxin flow along the root profile required for the specification of the QC stem cells. To identify QC-specific hypoxia responses and determine whether ZmPgb1.1 exercises a direct role on QC stem cells, we performed a QC functionality test. This was done by estimating the ability of QCs to regenerate a root in vitro in a hypoxic environment. Hypoxia decreased the functionality of the QCs by depressing the expression of several genes participating in the synthesis and response of auxin. This was accompanied by a decrease in DR5 signal, a suppression of PLETHORA and WOX5, two markers of QC cell identity, and a reduction in expression of genes participating in JA synthesis and signaling. Over-expression of ZmPgb1.1 was sufficient to mitigate all these responses. Through pharmacological alterations of auxin and JA, it is demonstrated that both hormones are required for QC functionality under hypoxia, and that JA acts downstream of auxin during QC regeneration. A model is proposed whereby the ZmPgb1.1 maintenance of auxin synthesis in hypoxic QCs is determinant for the retention of their functionality, with JA supporting the regeneration of roots from the QCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed M Mira
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Robert D Hill
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Claudio Stasolla
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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3
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Spricigo PC, Almeida LS, Ribeiro GH, Correia BSB, Taver IB, Jacomino AP, Colnago LA. Quality Attributes and Metabolic Profiles of Uvaia ( Eugenia pyriformis), a Native Brazilian Atlantic Forest Fruit. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091881. [PMID: 37174419 PMCID: PMC10177832 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The uvaia is a native Brazilian Atlantic Forest Myrtaceae fruit with a soft pulp, ranging from yellow to orange, with a sweet acidic flavor and sweet fruity aroma. Uvaias present consumption potential, but their physicochemical characteristics are still understudied. In this context, we describe herein the metabolites of uvaia that have been determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We screened 41 accessions and selected 10 accessions based on their diversity of physicochemical attributes, i.e., their fresh mass, height, diameter, yield, seed mass, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity. Twenty-six metabolites were identified, including sugars, acids, and amino acids. The results of this study comprise the most complete report on sugars and acids in uvaias. The relevant metabolites in terms of abundance were the reducing sugars glucose and fructose, as well as malic and citric acids. Furthermore, this study represents the first description of the uvaia amino acid profile and an outline of its metabolic pathways. Uvaia quality attributes differ among accessions, demonstrating high variability, diversity, and several possibilities in different economic areas. Our findings may help in future breeding programs in the selection of plant material for industries such as food and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poliana Cristina Spricigo
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, 11 Pádua Dias Ave., Piracicaba 13418-900, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luísa Souza Almeida
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, 400 Trabalhador São Carlense Ave., São Carlos 13566-590, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Banny Silva Barbosa Correia
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, 400 Trabalhador São Carlense Ave., São Carlos 13566-590, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, 48 Agro Food Park, 8200 Aarhus, Jutland, Denmark
| | - Isabela Barroso Taver
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, 11 Pádua Dias Ave., Piracicaba 13418-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angelo Pedro Jacomino
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, 11 Pádua Dias Ave., Piracicaba 13418-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Colnago
- Embrapa Instrumentation, 1452 XV de Novembro Street, São Carlos 13560-970, São Paulo, Brazil
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Singh A, Roychoudhury A. Abscisic acid in plants under abiotic stress: crosstalk with major phytohormones. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:961-974. [PMID: 37079058 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Extensive crosstalk exists among ABA and different phytohormones that modulate plant tolerance against different abiotic stress. Being sessile, plants are exposed to a wide range of abiotic stress (drought, heat, cold, salinity and metal toxicity) that exert unwarranted threat to plant life and drastically affect growth, development, metabolism, and yield of crops. To cope with such harsh conditions, plants have developed a wide range of protective phytohormones of which abscisic acid plays a pivotal role. It controls various physiological processes of plants such as leaf senescence, seed dormancy, stomatal closure, fruit ripening, and other stress-related functions. Under challenging situations, physiological responses of ABA manifested in the form of morphological, cytological, and anatomical alterations arise as a result of synergistic or antagonistic interaction with multiple phytohormones. This review provides new insight into ABA homeostasis and its perception and signaling crosstalk with other phytohormones at both molecular and physiological level under critical conditions including drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and extreme temperature. The review also reveals the role of ABA in the regulation of various physiological processes via its positive or negative crosstalk with phytohormones, viz., gibberellin, melatonin, cytokinin, auxin, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, brassinosteroids, and strigolactone in response to alteration of environmental conditions. This review forms a basis for designing of plants that will have an enhanced tolerance capability against different abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016, West Bengal, India
| | - Aryadeep Roychoudhury
- Discipline of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, 110068, India.
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Rong ZY, Lei AQ, Wu QS, Srivastava AK, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, Kuča K, Yang T. Serendipita indica promotes P acquisition and growth in tea seedlings under P deficit conditions by increasing cytokinins and indoleacetic acid and phosphate transporter gene expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1146182. [PMID: 37008477 PMCID: PMC10064445 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1146182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The culturable endophytic fungus Serendipita indica has many beneficial effects on plants, but whether and how it affects physiological activities and phosphorus (P) acquisition of tea seedlings at low P levels is unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of inoculation with S. indica on growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, auxins, cytokinins, P levels, and expressions of two phosphate transporter (PT) genes in leaves of tea (Camellia sinensis L. cv. Fudingdabaicha) seedlings grown at 0.5 μM (P0.5) and 50 μM (P50) P levels. Sixteen weeks after the inoculation, S. indica colonized roots of tea seedlings, with root fungal colonization rates reaching 62.18% and 81.34% at P0.5 and P50 levels, respectively. Although plant growth behavior, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll values, nitrogen balance index, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of tea seedlings were suppressed at P0.5 versus P50 levels, inoculation of S. indica mitigated the negative effects to some extent, along with more prominent promotion at P0.5 levels. S. indica inoculation significantly increased leaf P and indoleacetic acid concentrations at P0.5 and P50 levels and leaf isopentenyladenine, dihydrozeatin, and transzeatin concentrations at P0.5 levels, coupled with the reduction of indolebutyric acid at P50 levels. Inoculation of S. indica up-regulated the relative expression of leaf CsPT1 at P0.5 and P50 levels and CsPT4 at P0.5 levels. It is concluded that S. indica promoted P acquisition and growth in tea seedlings under P deficit conditions by increasing cytokinins and indoleacetic acid and CsPT1 and CsPT4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Rong
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - An-Qi Lei
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | | | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Ortiz-García P, González Ortega-Villaizán A, Onejeme FC, Müller M, Pollmann S. Do Opposites Attract? Auxin-Abscisic Acid Crosstalk: New Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043090. [PMID: 36834499 PMCID: PMC9960826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of different environmental stresses, including drought, salinity, and elevated temperatures. These stress cues are assumed to intensify in the future driven by the global climate change scenario which we are currently experiencing. These stressors have largely detrimental effects on plant growth and development and, therefore, put global food security in jeopardy. For this reason, it is necessary to expand our understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which plants respond to abiotic stresses. Especially boosting our insight into the ways by which plants balance their growth and their defense programs appear to be of paramount importance, as this may lead to novel perspectives that can pave the way to increase agricultural productivity in a sustainable manner. In this review, our aim was to present a detailed overview of different facets of the crosstalk between the antagonistic plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin, two phytohormones that are the main drivers of plant stress responses, on the one hand, and plant growth, on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ortiz-García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián González Ortega-Villaizán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francis Chukwuma Onejeme
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maren Müller
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.P.); Tel.: +34-934033718 (M.M.); +34-910679183 (S.P.)
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.P.); Tel.: +34-934033718 (M.M.); +34-910679183 (S.P.)
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Su P, Sui C, Li J, Wan K, Sun H, Wang S, Liu X, Guo S. The Aux/IAA protein TaIAA15-1A confers drought tolerance in Brachypodium by regulating abscisic acid signal pathway. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:385-394. [PMID: 36566287 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the Aux/IAA protein TaIAA15-1A from wheat improves drought tolerance by regulating the ABA signalling pathway in transgenic Brachypodium. Drought is a major abiotic stress that causes severe crop yield loss. Aux/IAA genes have been shown to be involved in drought stress responses. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been little research on the molecular mechanism of the wheat Aux/IAA gene in the context of drought tolerance. In this study, we found that expression of the wheat Aux/IAA gene TaIAA15-1A was upregulated by PEG6000, NaCl, SA, JA, IAA and ABA. Transgenic plants overexpressing TaIAA15-1A showed higher drought tolerance than wild-type (WT) plants. The physiological analyses showed that the transgenic lines exhibited a higher survival rate, shoot length, and relative water content than the WT plants. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were enhanced in transgenic lines, causing a reduction in the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion radical (O2-) contents. Transcriptome analysis showed that TaIAA15-1A overexpression alters the expression of these genes involved in the auxin signalling pathway, ABA signalling pathway, phenolamides and antioxidant pathways. The results of exogenous ABA treatment suggested that TaIAA15-1A overexpression increased sensitivity to ABA at the germination and postgermination stages compared to WT plants. These results indicate that TaIAA15-1A plays a positive role in plant drought tolerance by regulating ABA-related genes and improving antioxidative stress ability and has potential application in genetically modified crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisen Su
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao Sui
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wan
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Haonan Sun
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangjing Guo
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China.
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Sun P, Huang Y, Yang X, Liao A, Wu J. The role of indole derivative in the growth of plants: A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1120613. [PMID: 36726683 PMCID: PMC9885212 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1120613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Indole compounds with their unique properties of mimicking peptide structures and reversible binding to enzymes are of great exploitative value in the regulation of plant growth. They stimulate root and fruit formation and activate the plant's immune system against biotic and abiotic factors harmful to the plant. Analysis of target recognition, receptor recognition, key activation sites and activation mechanisms of indoles in plant to enhance crop growth or disease resistance is a crucial step for further developing compounds as plant growth regulators and immune inducers. Therefore, this review focused on the mechanism of action of indoles in regulating plant growth and enhancing plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Pérez‐Alonso M, Guerrero‐Galán C, González Ortega‐Villaizán A, Ortiz‐García P, Scholz SS, Ramos P, Sakakibara H, Kiba T, Ludwig‐Müller J, Krapp A, Oelmüller R, Vicente‐Carbajosa J, Pollmann S. The calcium sensor CBL7 is required for Serendipita indica-induced growth stimulation in Arabidopsis thaliana, controlling defense against the endophyte and K + homoeostasis in the symbiosis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3367-3382. [PMID: 35984078 PMCID: PMC9804297 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is an important second messenger in plants. The activation of Ca2+ signalling cascades is critical in the activation of adaptive processes in response to environmental stimuli. Root colonization by the growth promoting endophyte Serendipita indica involves the increase of cytosolic Ca2+ levels in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we investigated transcriptional changes in Arabidopsis roots during symbiosis with S. indica. RNA-seq profiling disclosed the induction of Calcineurin B-like 7 (CBL7) during early and later phases of the interaction. Consistently, reverse genetic evidence highlighted the functional relevance of CBL7 and tested the involvement of a CBL7-CBL-interacting protein kinase 13 signalling pathway. The loss-of-function of CBL7 abolished the growth promoting effect and affected root colonization. The transcriptomics analysis of cbl7 revealed the involvement of this Ca2+ sensor in activating plant defense responses. Furthermore, we report on the contribution of CBL7 to potassium transport in Arabidopsis. We analysed K+ contents in wild-type and cbl7 plants and observed a significant increase of K+ in roots of cbl7 plants, while shoot tissues demonstrated K+ depletion. Taken together, our work associates CBL7 with an important role in the mutual interaction between Arabidopsis and S. indica and links CBL7 to K+ transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta‐Marina Pérez‐Alonso
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Umeå Plant Science CenterUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Carmen Guerrero‐Galán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Adrián González Ortega‐Villaizán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Paloma Ortiz‐García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Sandra S. Scholz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular BotanyFriedrich‐Schiller‐University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Patricio Ramos
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceTsurumiYokohamaJapan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Takatoshi Kiba
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceTsurumiYokohamaJapan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | - Anne Krapp
- Université Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTechInstitut Jean‐Pierre BourginVersaillesFrance
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular BotanyFriedrich‐Schiller‐University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Jesús Vicente‐Carbajosa
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
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Jiang Z, Zhang H, Jiao P, Wei X, Liu S, Guan S, Ma Y. The Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Provides New Insights for the Identification of Genes Key to Auxin Synthesis at Different Growth Stages of Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13195. [PMID: 36361983 PMCID: PMC9659120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a staple food crop, maize is widely cultivated worldwide. Sex differentiation and kernel development are regulated by auxin, but the mechanism regulating its synthesis remains unclear. This study explored the influence of the growth stage of maize on the secondary metabolite accumulation and gene expression associated with auxin synthesis. Transcriptomics and metabonomics were used to investigate the changes in secondary metabolite accumulation and gene expression in maize leaves at the jointing, tasseling, and pollen-release stages of plant growth. In total, 1221 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 4843 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs and DAMs revealed that plant hormone signal transduction, tryptophan metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were highly enriched. We summarized the key genes and regulatory effects of the tryptophan-dependent auxin biosynthesis pathways, giving new insights into this type of biosynthesis. Potential MSTRG.11063 and MSTRG.35270 and MSTRG.21978 genes in auxin synthesis pathways were obtained. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified five candidate genes, namely TSB (Zm00001d046676 and Zm00001d049610), IGS (Zm00001d020008), AUX2 (Zm00001d006283), TAR (Zm00001d039691), and YUC (Zm00001d025005 and Zm00001d008255), which were important in the biosynthesis of both tryptophan and auxin. This study provides new insights for understanding the regulatory mechanism of auxin synthesis in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Honglin Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Peng Jiao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiaotong Wei
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Siyan Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuyan Guan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yiyong Ma
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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11
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Chen M, Qiao Y, Quan X, Shi H, Duan Z. Physiological, biochemical and phytohormone responses of Elymus nutans to α-pinene-induced allelopathy. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14100. [PMID: 36196396 PMCID: PMC9527024 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The α-pinene is the main allelochemical of many weeds that inhibit the growth of Elymus nutans, an important forage and ecological restoration herbage. However, the response changes of α-pinene-induced allelopathy to E. nutans is still unclear. Here, we investigated the physiological, biochemical and phytohormone changes of E. nutans exposed to different α-pinene concentrations. The α-pinene-stress had no significant effect on height and fresh weight (FW) of seedlings. The water-soluble proteins, the soluble sugars and proline (Pro) strengthened seedlings immunity at 5 and 10 µL L-1 α-pinene. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased at 5 µL L-1 α-pinene to resist stress. APX reduced the membrane lipid peroxidation quickly at 10 µL L-1 α-pinene. The high-activity of peroxidase (POD), APX along with the high level of GSH contributed to the cellular redox equilibrium at 15 µL L-1 α-pinene. The POD, glutathione reductase (GR) activity and glutathione (GSH) level remained stable at 20 µL L-1 α-pinene. The changes in antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants indicated that E. nutans was effective in counteracting the harmful effects generated by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The α-pinene caused severe phytotoxic effects in E. nutans seedlings at 15 and 20 µL L-1. Endogenous signal nitric oxide (NO) and cell membrane damage product Pro accumulated in leaves of E. nutans seedlings at 15 and 20 µL L-1 α-pinene, while lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulated. The chlorophylls (Chls), chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b) content decreased, and biomass of seedlings was severely inhibited at 20 µL L-1 α-pinene. The α-pinene caused phytotoxic effects on E. nutans seedlings mainly through breaking the balance of the membrane system rather than with reactive oxygen species (ROS) productionat 15 and 20 µL L-1 α-pinene. Additionally, phytohormone levels were altered by α-pinene-stress. Abscisic acid (ABA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) of E. nutans seedlings were sensitive to α-pinene. As for the degree of α-pinene stress, salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) played an important role in resisting allelopathic effects at 15 µL L-1 α-pinene. The ABA, Zeatin, SA, gibberellin 7 (GA7), JA and IAA levels increased at 20 µL L-1 α-pinene. The α-pinene had a greatest impact on ABA and IAA levels. Collectively, our results suggest that E. nutans seedlings were effective in counteracting the harmful effects at 5 and 10 µL L-1 α-pinene, and they were severely stressed at 15 and 20 µL L-1 α-pinene. Our findings provided references for understanding the allelopathic mechanism about allelochemicals to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengci Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Youming Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Huilan Shi
- College of Ecol-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
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12
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Exogenously Applied Rohitukine Inhibits Photosynthetic Processes, Growth and Induces Antioxidant Defense System in Arabidopsis thaliana. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081512. [PMID: 36009231 PMCID: PMC9404761 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The secondary metabolite rohitukine has been reported in only a few plant species, including Schumanniophyton magnificum, S. problematicum, Amoora rohituka, Dysoxylum acutangulum and D. gotadhora. It has several biological activities, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic, immunomodulatory, gastroprotective, anti-implantation, antidyslipidemic, anti-arthritic and anti-fertility properties. However, the ecological and physiological roles of rohitukine in parent plants have yet to be explored. Here for the first time, we tried to decipher the physiological effect of rohitukine isolated from D. gotadhora on the model system Arabidopsis thaliana. Application of 0.25 mM and 0.5 mM rohitukine concentrations moderately affected the growth of A. thaliana, whereas a remarkable decrease in growth and the alteration of various morphological, physiological and biochemical mechanisms were observed in plants that received 1.0 mM of rohitukine as compared to the untreated control. A. thaliana showed considerable dose-dependent decreases in leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight when sprayed with 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM and 1.0 mM of rohitukine. Rohitukine exposure resulted in the disruption of photosynthesis, photosystem II (PSII) activity and degradation of chlorophyll content in A. thaliana. It also triggered oxidative stress in visualized tissues through antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression levels of key genes involved in the antioxidant system, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Rohitukine-induced changes in levels of metabolites (amino acids, sugars, organic acids, etc.) were also assessed. In light of these results, we discuss (i) the likely ecological importance of rohitukine in parent plants as well as (ii) the comparison of responses to rohitukine treatment in plants and mammals.
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Raja Gopalan NS, Sharma R, Mohapatra S. Probing into the unique relationship between a soil bacterium, Pseudomonas putida AKMP7 and Arabidopsis thaliana: A case of "conditional pathogenesis". PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 183:46-55. [PMID: 35567874 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial soil bacteria that colonise the rhizosphere and help plants in growth, development, and stress tolerance. While there is a significant body of research elucidating their benefits to plants, studies on the "abnormal" or "unexpected" behavior of these bacteria are almost non-existent. One such study from our laboratory has previously reported a unique situation in which a certain strain of drought and thermo-tolerant PGPR, namely, Pseudomonas putida AKMP7, becomes pathogenic towards Arabidopsis thaliana under drought conditions, but not under normal (well-watered) conditions. In this study, we have probed deeper into this phenomenon of "conditional pathogenesis". We found that, AKMP7 imparts an enhancement in plant growth under well-watered conditions, while, causing a deterioration in plant health under drought conditions. In an attempt to understand the underlying reasons for this phenomenon, we analysed the phytohormones released by Pseudomonas putida AKMP7 using LC-ESI-MS/MS technique. We identified that AKMP7 releases zeatin (a cytokinin), the auxin derivative -indole acetamide and amino acid-conjugates of auxin (indole-3-acetyl-L-alanine, indole-3-acetyl-L-phenylalanine and indole-3-acetyl-L-aspartate) in the growth medium. By treating the plants with commercially obtained forms of these phytohormones, individually or in combination with AKMP7, we identified that zeatin and auxin derivative indole acetamide can play a crucial role in the conditional pathogenesis exhibited by this bacterium on A. thaliana under drought conditions. Our work lays a foundation for further understanding the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this unique phenomenon of conditional/opportunistic pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Raja Gopalan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (Pilani), Hyderabad Campus, India
| | - Raunak Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (Pilani), Hyderabad Campus, India
| | - Sridev Mohapatra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (Pilani), Hyderabad Campus, India.
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Ortiz-García P, Pérez-Alonso MM, González Ortega-Villaizán A, Sánchez-Parra B, Ludwig-Müller J, Wilkinson MD, Pollmann S. The Indole-3-Acetamide-Induced Arabidopsis Transcription Factor MYB74 Decreases Plant Growth and Contributes to the Control of Osmotic Stress Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:928386. [PMID: 35812959 PMCID: PMC9257185 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.928386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of the auxin precursor indole-3-acetamide (IAM) in the ami1 mutant has recently been reported to reduce plant growth and to trigger abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. The observed response includes the induction of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis through the promotion of NCED3 expression. The mechanism by which plant growth is limited, however, remained largely unclear. Here, we investigated the transcriptional responses evoked by the exogenous application of IAM using comprehensive RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and reverse genetics approaches. The RNA-seq results highlighted the induction of a small number of genes, including the R2R3 MYB transcription factor genes MYB74 and MYB102. The two MYB factors are known to respond to various stress cues and to ABA. Consistent with a role as negative plant growth regulator, conditional MYB74 overexpressor lines showed a considerable growth reduction. RNA-seq analysis of MYB74 mutants indicated an association of MYB74 with responses to osmotic stress, water deprivation, and seed development, which further linked MYB74 with the observed ami1 osmotic stress and seed phenotype. Collectively, our findings point toward a role for MYB74 in plant growth control and in responses to abiotic stress stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ortiz-García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta-Marina Pérez-Alonso
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Adrián González Ortega-Villaizán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Parra
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Mark D. Wilkinson
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA /CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Sodium Butyrate Modulates Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Maternal Tryptophan-Free Diet-induced Hypertension Rat Offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 108:109090. [PMID: 35724813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition, gut microbiome composition, and metabolites derived from gut microbiota are closely related to the development of hypertension in offspring. A plethora of metabolites generated from diverse tryptophan metabolic pathways show both beneficial and harmful effects. Butyrate, one of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), has shown vasodilation effects. We examined whether sodium butyrate administration in pregnancy and lactation can prevent hypertension induced by a maternal tryptophan-free diet in adult progeny and explored the protective mechanisms. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received normal chow (CN), tryptophan-free diet (TF), sodium butyrate 400 mg/kg/day in drinking water (CNSB), or TF diet plus sodium butyrate (TFSB) in pregnancy and lactation. Male offspring were sacrificed at the age of 16 weeks (n = 8 per group). Compared with normal chow, offspring exposed to the maternal tryptophan-free diet had markedly increased blood pressure, associated with activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Treatment with sodium butyrate rescued maternal TF-exposed offspring from hypertension. The protective effect of sodium butyrate is related to alterations to microbiome composition, increased renal expression of SCFA receptor G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41) and GPR109A, and restoration of RAS balance. In summary, these results suggest that sodium butyrate protects against maternal TF-induced offspring hypertension, likely by modulating gut microbiota, its derived metabolites, and the RAS.
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Mácová K, Prabhullachandran U, Štefková M, Spyroglou I, Pěnčík A, Endlová L, Novák O, Robert HS. Long-Term High-Temperature Stress Impacts on Embryo and Seed Development in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:844292. [PMID: 35528932 PMCID: PMC9075611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.844292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Brassica napus (rapeseed) is the second most important oilseed crop worldwide. Global rise in average ambient temperature and extreme weather severely impact rapeseed seed yield. However, fewer research explained the phenotype changes caused by moderate-to-high temperatures in rapeseed. To investigate these events, we determined the long-term response of three spring cultivars to different temperature regimes (21/18°C, 28/18°C, and 34/18°C) mimicking natural temperature variations. The analysis focused on the plant appearance, seed yield, quality and viability, and embryo development. Our microscopic observations suggest that embryonic development is accelerated and defective in high temperatures. Reduced viable seed yield at warm ambient temperature is due to a reduced fertilization rate, increased abortion rate, defective embryonic development, and pre-harvest sprouting. Reduced auxin levels in young seeds and low ABA and auxin levels in mature seeds may cause embryo pattern defects and reduced seed dormancy, respectively. Glucosinolates and oil composition measurements suggest reduced seed quality. These identified cues help understand seed thermomorphogenesis and pave the way to developing thermoresilient rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Mácová
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Hormonal Crosstalk in Plant Development, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Unnikannan Prabhullachandran
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Hormonal Crosstalk in Plant Development, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marie Štefková
- Hormonal Crosstalk in Plant Development, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ioannis Spyroglou
- Plant Sciences Core Facility, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Aleš Pěnčík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Hélène S Robert
- Hormonal Crosstalk in Plant Development, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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Jasmonic Acid-Dependent MYC Transcription Factors Bind to a Tandem G-Box Motif in the YUCCA8 and YUCCA9 Promoters to Regulate Biotic Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189768. [PMID: 34575927 PMCID: PMC8468920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway is the main route for auxin biosynthesis in higher plants. Tryptophan aminotransferases (TAA1/TAR) and members of the YUCCA family of flavin-containing monooxygenases catalyze the conversion of l-tryptophan via indole-3-pyruvic acid to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). It has been described that jasmonic acid (JA) locally produced in response to mechanical wounding triggers the de novo formation of IAA through the induction of two YUCCA genes, YUC8 and YUC9. Here, we report the direct involvement of a small number of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors of the MYC family in this process. We show that the JA-mediated regulation of the expression of the YUC8 and YUC9 genes depends on the abundance of MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4. In support of this observation, seedlings of myc knockout mutants displayed a strongly reduced response to JA-mediated IAA formation. Furthermore, transactivation assays provided experimental evidence for the binding of MYC transcription factors to a particular tandem G-box motif abundant in the promoter regions of YUC8 and YUC9, but not in the promoters of the other YUCCA isogenes. Moreover, we demonstrate that plants that constitutively overexpress YUC8 and YUC9 show less damage after spider mite infestation, thereby underlining the role of auxin in plant responses to biotic stress signals.
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Beyond the Usual Suspects: Physiological Roles of the Arabidopsis Amidase Signature (AS) Superfamily Members in Plant Growth Processes and Stress Responses. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081207. [PMID: 34439873 PMCID: PMC8393822 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversification of land plants largely relies on their ability to cope with constant environmental fluctuations, which negatively impact their reproductive fitness and trigger adaptive responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this limiting landscape, cumulative research attention has centred on deepening the roles of major phytohormones, mostly auxins, together with brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and abscisic acid, despite the signaling networks orchestrating the crosstalk among them are so far only poorly understood. Accordingly, this review focuses on the Arabidopsis Amidase Signature (AS) superfamily members, with the aim of highlighting the hitherto relatively underappreciated functions of AMIDASE1 (AMI1) and FATTY ACID AMIDE HYDROLASE (FAAH), as comparable coordinators of the growth-defense trade-off, by balancing auxin and ABA homeostasis through the conversion of their likely bioactive substrates, indole-3-acetamide and N-acylethanolamine.
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Accumulation of the Auxin Precursor Indole-3-Acetamide Curtails Growth through the Repression of Ribosome-Biogenesis and Development-Related Transcriptional Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042040. [PMID: 33670805 PMCID: PMC7923163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The major auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), is associated with a plethora of growth and developmental processes including embryo development, expansion growth, cambial activity, and the induction of lateral root growth. Accumulation of the auxin precursor indole-3-acetamide (IAM) induces stress related processes by stimulating abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. How IAM signaling is controlled is, at present, unclear. Here, we characterize the ami1rooty double mutant, that we initially generated to study the metabolic and phenotypic consequences of a simultaneous genetic blockade of the indole glucosinolate and IAM pathways in Arabidopsisthaliana. Our mass spectrometric analyses of the mutant revealed that the combination of the two mutations is not sufficient to fully prevent the conversion of IAM to IAA. The detected strong accumulation of IAM was, however, recognized to substantially impair seed development. We further show by genome-wide expression studies that the double mutant is broadly affected in its translational capacity, and that a small number of plant growth regulating transcriptional circuits are repressed by the high IAM content in the seed. In accordance with the previously described growth reduction in response to elevated IAM levels, our data support the hypothesis that IAM is a growth repressing counterpart to IAA.
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