1
|
Mmbando GS. The link between changing in host carbon allocation and resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae: a possible tactic for mitigating the rice blast fungus. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2326870. [PMID: 38465846 PMCID: PMC10936674 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2326870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
One of the most destructive diseases affecting rice is rice blast, which is brought on by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. The preventive measures, however, are not well established. To effectively reduce the negative effects of rice blasts on crop yields, it is imperative to comprehend the dynamic interactions between pathogen resistance and patterns of host carbon allocation. This review explores the relationship between variations in carbon allocation and rice plants' ability to withstand the damaging effects of M. oryzae. The review highlights potential strategies for altering host carbon allocation including transgenic, selective breeding, crop rotation, and nutrient management practices as a promising avenue for enhancing rice blast resistance. This study advances our knowledge of the interaction between plants' carbon allocation and M. oryzae resistance and provides stakeholders and farmers with practical guidance on mitigating the adverse effects of the rice blast globally. This information may be used in the future to create varieties that are resistant to M. oryzae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Sadikiel Mmbando
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen L, Ghannoum O, Furbank RT. Sugar sensing in C4 source leaves: a gap that needs to be filled. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3818-3834. [PMID: 38642398 PMCID: PMC11233418 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth depends on sugar production and export by photosynthesizing source leaves and sugar allocation and import by sink tissues (grains, roots, stems, and young leaves). Photosynthesis and sink demand are tightly coordinated through metabolic (substrate, allosteric) feedback and signalling (sugar, hormones) mechanisms. Sugar signalling integrates sugar production with plant development and environmental cues. In C3 plants (e.g. wheat and rice), it is well documented that sugar accumulation in source leaves, due to source-sink imbalance, negatively feeds back on photosynthesis and plant productivity. However, we have a limited understanding about the molecular mechanisms underlying those feedback regulations, especially in C4 plants (e.g. maize, sorghum, and sugarcane). Recent work with the C4 model plant Setaria viridis suggested that C4 leaves have different sugar sensing thresholds and behaviours relative to C3 counterparts. Addressing this research priority is critical because improving crop yield requires a better understanding of how plants coordinate source activity with sink demand. Here we review the literature, present a model of action for sugar sensing in C4 source leaves, and suggest ways forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lily Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Hawkesbury Campus, NSW, 2753, Australia
| | - Oula Ghannoum
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Hawkesbury Campus, NSW, 2753, Australia
| | - Robert T Furbank
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu X, Lin T, Zhou X, Zhang W, Liu S, Qiu H, Birch PRJ, Tian Z. Potato E3 ubiquitin ligase StRFP1 positively regulates late blight resistance by degrading sugar transporters StSWEET10c and StSWEET11. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:688-704. [PMID: 38769723 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the fourth largest food crop in the world. Late blight, caused by oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is the most devastating disease threatening potato production. Previous research has shown that StRFP1, a potato Arabidopsis Tóxicos en Levadura (ATL) family protein, positively regulates late blight resistance via its E3 ligase activity. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. Here, we reveal that StRFP1 is associated with the plasma membrane (PM) and undergoes constitutive endocytic trafficking. Its PM localization is essential for inhibiting P. infestans colonization. Through in vivo and in vitro assays, we investigated that StRFP1 interacts with two sugar transporters StSWEET10c and StSWEET11 at the PM. Overexpression (OE) of StSWEET10c or StSWEET11 enhances P. infestans colonization. Both StSWEET10c and StSWEET11 exhibit sucrose transport ability in yeast, and OE of StSWEET10c leads to an increased sucrose content in the apoplastic fluid of potato leaves. StRFP1 ubiquitinates StSWEET10c and StSWEET11 to promote their degradation. We illustrate a novel mechanism by which a potato ATL protein enhances disease resistance by degrading susceptibility (S) factors, such as Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs). This offers a potential strategy for improving disease resistance by utilizing host positive immune regulators to neutralize S factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tianyu Lin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shengxuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huishan Qiu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Paul R J Birch
- Division of Plant Science, School of Life Science, University of Dundee (at JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- Cell and Molecular Science, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Zhendong Tian
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province (HZAU), Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Jia S, He Y, Wen J, Li D, Yang W, Yue Y, Li H, Cheng K, Zhang X. Wall-associated kinase GhWAK13 mediates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2180-2194. [PMID: 38095050 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The cell wall is the major interface for arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. However, the roles of cell wall proteins and cell wall synthesis in AM symbiosis remain unclear. We reported that a novel wall-associated kinase 13 (GhWAK13) positively regulates AM symbiosis and negatively regulates Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. GhWAK13 transcription was induced by AM symbiosis and Verticillium dahliae (VD) infection. GhWAK13 is located in the plasma membrane and expressed in the arbuscule-containing cortical cells of mycorrhizal cotton roots. GhWAK13 silencing inhibited AM colonization and repressed gene expression of the mycorrhizal pathway. Moreover, GhWAK13 silencing improved Verticillium wilt resistance and triggered the expression of immunity genes. Therefore, GhWAK13 is considered an immune suppressor required for AM symbiosis and disease resistance. GhWAK7A, a positive regulator of Verticillium wilt resistance, was upregulated in GhWAK13-silenced cotton plants. Silencing GhWAK7A improved AM symbiosis. Oligogalacturonides application also suppressed AM symbiosis. Finally, GhWAK13 negatively affected the cellulose content by regulating the transcription of cellulose synthase genes. The results of this study suggest that immunity suppresses AM symbiosis in cotton. GhWAK13 affects AM symbiosis by suppressing immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Shuangjie Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Yiming He
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jingshang Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Wan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Ying Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Huiling Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang R, Yang Y, Ji C, Su Y, Jiao B, Yuan B, Yang X, Xi D. MiR827 positively regulates the resistance to chilli veinal mottle virus by affecting the expression of FBPase in Nicotiana benthamiana. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14375. [PMID: 38837224 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA(miRNA) is a class of non-coding small RNA that plays an important role in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses. Unlike most miRNAs, which usually target homologous genes across a variety of species, miR827 targets different types of genes in different species. Research on miR827 mainly focuses on its role in regulating phosphate (Pi) homeostasis of plants, however, little is known about its function in plant response to virus infection. In the present study, miR827 was significantly upregulated in the recovery tissue of virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum. Overexpression of miR827 could improve plants resistance to the infection of chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) in Nicotiana benthamiana, whereas interference of miR827 increased the susceptibility of the virus-infected plants. Further experiments indicated that the antiviral defence regulated by miR827 was associated with the reactive oxygen species and salicylic acid signalling pathways. Then, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) was identified to be a target of miR827, and virus infection could affect the expression of FBPase. Finally, transient expression of FBPase increased the susceptibility to ChiVMV-GFP infection in N. benthamiana. By contrast, silencing of FBPase increased plant resistance. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR827 plays a positive role in tobacco response to virus infection, thus providing new insights into understanding the role of miR827 in plant-virus interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongxia Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yufan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yanshan Su
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Bolei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoya Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Dehui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stałanowska K, Szablińska-Piernik J, Pszczółkowska A, Railean V, Wasicki M, Pomastowski P, Lahuta LB, Okorski A. Antifungal Properties of Bio-AgNPs against D. pinodes and F. avenaceum Infection of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4525. [PMID: 38674112 PMCID: PMC11050071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascochyta blight and Fusarium root rot are the most serious fungal diseases of pea, caused by D. pinodes and F. avenaceum, respectively. Due to the lack of fully resistant cultivars, we proposed the use of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (bio-AgNPs) as a novel protecting agent. In this study, we evaluated the antifungal properties and effectiveness of bio-AgNPs, in in vitro (poisoned food technique; resazurin assay) and in vivo (seedlings infection) experiments, against D. pinodes and F. avenaceum. Moreover, the effects of diseases on changes in the seedlings' metabolic profiles were analyzed. The MIC for spores of both fungi was 125 mg/L, and bio-AgNPs at 200 mg/L most effectively inhibited the mycelium growth of D. pinodes and F. avenaceum (by 45 and 26%, respectively, measured on the 14th day of incubation). The treatment of seedlings with bio-AgNPs or fungicides before inoculation prevented the development of infection. Bio-AgNPs at concentrations of 200 mg/L for D. pinodes and 100 mg/L for F. avenaceum effectively inhibited infections' spread. The comparison of changes in polar metabolites' profiles revealed disturbances in carbon and nitrogen metabolism in pea seedlings by both pathogenic fungi. The involvement of bio-AgNPs in the mobilization of plant metabolism in response to fungal infection is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Stałanowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (L.B.L.)
| | - Joanna Szablińska-Piernik
- Department of Botany and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 1, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Pszczółkowska
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 5, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Viorica Railean
- Department of Infectious, Invasive Diseases and Veterinary Administration, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.W.); (P.P.)
| | - Miłosz Wasicki
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.W.); (P.P.)
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.W.); (P.P.)
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Lesław Bernard Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (L.B.L.)
| | - Adam Okorski
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 5, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sivaramakrishnan M, Veeraganti Naveen Prakash C, Chandrasekar B. Multifaceted roles of plant glycosyl hydrolases during pathogen infections: more to discover. PLANTA 2024; 259:113. [PMID: 38581452 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Carbohydrates are hydrolyzed by a family of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) called glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases. Here, we have summarized the roles of various plant defense glycosidases that possess different substrate specificities. We have also highlighted the open questions in this research field. Glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) are a family of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) that hydrolyze glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. Compared to those of all other sequenced organisms, plant genomes contain a remarkable diversity of glycosidases. Plant glycosidases exhibit activities on various substrates and have been shown to play important roles during pathogen infections. Plant glycosidases from different GH families have been shown to act upon pathogen components, host cell walls, host apoplastic sugars, host secondary metabolites, and host N-glycans to mediate immunity against invading pathogens. We could classify the activities of these plant defense GHs under eleven different mechanisms through which they operate during pathogen infections. Here, we have provided comprehensive information on the catalytic activities, GH family classification, subcellular localization, domain structure, functional roles, and microbial strategies to regulate the activities of defense-related plant GHs. We have also emphasized the research gaps and potential investigations needed to advance this topic of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Balakumaran Chandrasekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani, 333031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang T, Guo D, Luo X, Chen R, Wang W, Xu H, Chen S, Lin F. Influence of Two Hexose Transporters on Substrate Affinity and Pathogenicity in Magnaporthe oryzae. Microorganisms 2024; 12:681. [PMID: 38674624 PMCID: PMC11052475 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hexose transporters (HXT) play a crucial role in the pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae, serving not only as key facilitators for acquiring and transporting sugar nutrients to support pathogen development, but also as sugar sensors which receive transduction signals. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of MoHXT1-3 on rice pathogenicity and hexose affinity. MoHXT1-3 deletion mutants were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and their affinity for hexose was evaluated through yeast complementation assays and electrophysiological experiments in Xenopus oocytes. The results suggest that MoHXT1 does not contribute to melanin formation or hexose transportation processes. Conversely, MoHXT2, despite displaying lower affinity towards the hexoses tested in comparison to MoHXT3, is likely to have a more substantial impact on pathogenicity. The analysis of the transcription profiles demonstrated that the deletion of MoHXT2 caused a decrease in the expression of MoHXT3, whereas the knockout of MoHXT3 resulted in an upregulation of MoHXT2 transcription. It is noteworthy that the MoHXT2M145K variant displayed an incapacity to transport hexoses. This investigation into the functional differences in hexose transporters in Magnaporthe oryzae provides insights into potential advances in new strategies to target hexose transporters to combat rice blast by blocking carbon nutrient supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tinghong Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dekang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ronghua Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hanhong Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fei Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou J, Han H, Liu S, Ji C, Jiao B, Yang Y, Xi D. miRNAs are involved in regulating the formation of recovery tissues in virus infected Nicotiana tabacum. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:10. [PMID: 38376608 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
MiRNAs play an important role in regulating plant growth and immune response. Mosaic diseases are recognized as the most important plant diseases in the world, and mosaic symptoms are recovery tissues formed by plants against virus infection. However, the mechanism of the formation of mosaic symptoms remains elusive. In this study, two typical mosaic systems consisting of Nicotiana tabacum-cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and N. tabacum-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were used to investigate the relevance of miRNAs to the appearance of mosaic symptoms. The results of miRNA-seq showed that there were significant differences in miRNA abundance between dark green tissues and chlorotic tissues in mosaic leaves caused by the infection of CMV or TMV. Compared with healthy tissues, miRNA expression was significantly increased in chlorotic tissues, but slightly increased in dark green tissues. Three miRNAs, namely miR1919, miR390a, and miR6157, were identified to be strongly up-regulated in chlorotic tissues of both mosaic systems. Results of overexpressing or silencing of the three miRNAs proved that they were related to chlorophyll synthesis, auxin response, and small GTPase-mediated immunity pathway, which were corresponding to the phenotype, physiological parameters and susceptibility of the chlorotic tissues in mosaic leaves. Besides, the newly identified novel-miRNA48, novel-miRNA96 and novel-miRNA103 may also be involved in this formation of mosaic symptoms. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR1919, miR390a and miR6157 are involved in the formation of mosaic symptoms and plant antiviral responses, providing new insight into the role of miRNAs in the formation of recovery tissue and plant immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyan Han
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Sucen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Bolei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Dehui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pandey P, Patil M, Priya P, Senthil-Kumar M. When two negatives make a positive: the favorable impact of the combination of abiotic stress and pathogen infection on plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:674-688. [PMID: 37864841 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Combined abiotic and biotic stresses modify plant defense signaling, leading to either the activation or suppression of defense responses. Although the majority of combined abiotic and biotic stresses reduce plant fitness, certain abiotic stresses reduce the severity of pathogen infection in plants. Remarkably, certain pathogens also improve the tolerance of some plants to a few abiotic stresses. While considerable research focuses on the detrimental impact of combined stresses on plants, the upside of combined stress remains hidden. This review succinctly discusses the interactions between abiotic stresses and pathogen infection that benefit plant fitness. Various factors that govern the positive influence of combined abiotic stress and pathogen infection on plant performance are also discussed. In addition, we provide a brief overview of the role of pathogens, mainly viruses, in improving plant responses to abiotic stresses. We further highlight the critical nodes in defense signaling that guide plant responses during abiotic stress towards enhanced resistance to pathogens. Studies on antagonistic interactions between abiotic and biotic stressors can uncover candidates in host plant defense that may shield plants from combined stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Mahesh Patil
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Piyush Priya
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Muthappa Senthil-Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi 110067, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yadav P, Sharma K, Tiwari N, Saxena G, Asif MH, Singh S, Kumar M. Comprehensive transcriptome analyses of Fusarium-infected root xylem tissues to decipher genes involved in chickpea wilt resistance. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:390. [PMID: 37942053 PMCID: PMC10630269 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is the most destructive soil-borne disease that poses a major threat to chickpea production. To comprehensively understand the interaction between chickpea and Fusarium oxysporum, the xylem-specific transcriptome analysis of wilt-resistant (WR315) and wilt-susceptible (JG62) genotypes at an early timepoint (4DPI) was investigated. Differential expression analysis showed that 1368 and 348 DEGs responded to pathogen infection in resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively. Both genotypes showed transcriptional reprogramming in response to Foc2, but the responses in WR315 were more severe than in JG62. Results of the KEGG pathway analysis revealed that most of the DEGS in both genotypes with enrichment in metabolic pathways, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and carbon metabolism. Genes associated with defense-related metabolites synthesis such as thaumatin-like protein 1b, cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinases, MLP-like proteins, polygalacturonase inhibitor 2-like, ethylene-responsive transcription factors, glycine-rich cell wall structural protein-like, beta-galactosidase-like, subtilisin-like protease, thioredoxin-like protein, chitin elicitor receptor kinase-like, proline transporter-like, non-specific lipid transfer protein and sugar transporter were mostly up-regulated in resistant as compared to susceptible genotypes. The results of this study provide disease resistance genes, which would be helpful in understanding the Foc resistance mechanism in chickpea. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03803-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Yadav
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Kritika Sharma
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Nikita Tiwari
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Garima Saxena
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Mehar H. Asif
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Swati Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen J, Sun M, Xiao G, Shi R, Zhao C, Zhang Q, Yang S, Xuan Y. Starving the enemy: how plant and microbe compete for sugar on the border. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1230254. [PMID: 37600180 PMCID: PMC10433384 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1230254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
As the primary energy source for a plant host and microbe to sustain life, sugar is generally exported by Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) to the host extracellular spaces or the apoplast. There, the host and microbes compete for hexose, sucrose, and other important nutrients. The host and microbial monosaccharide transporters (MSTs) and sucrose transporters (SUTs) play a key role in the "evolutionary arms race". The result of this competition hinges on the proportion of sugar distribution between the host and microbes. In some plants (such as Arabidopsis, corn, and rice) and their interacting pathogens, the key transporters responsible for sugar competition have been identified. However, the regulatory mechanisms of sugar transporters, especially in the microbes require further investigation. Here, the key transporters that are responsible for the sugar competition in the host and pathogen have been identified and the regulatory mechanisms of the sugar transport have been briefly analyzed. These data are of great significance to the increase of the sugar distribution in plants for improvement in the yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Chen
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Miao Sun
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Xiao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Rujie Shi
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhao
- Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Wanzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu X, Wu Z, Ju X, Fan Y, Yang C, Han Y, Chen W, Tang D, Lv C, Cao Q, Wang J, Zhang K. IbInvInh2, a novel invertase inhibitor in sweet potato, regulates starch content through post-translational regulation of vacuolar invertase IbβFRUCT2. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107815. [PMID: 37301188 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a key enzyme in the starch and sugar metabolic pathways in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), the vacuolar invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) IbβFRUCT2 is involved in partitioning and modulating the starch and sugar components of the storage root. However, the post-translational regulation of its invertase activity remains unclear. In this study, we identified three invertase inhibitors, IbInvInh1, IbInvInh2, and IbInvInh3, as potential interaction partners of IbβFRUCT2. All were found to act as vacuolar invertase inhibitors (VIFs) and belonged to the plant invertase/pectin methyl esterase inhibitor superfamily. Among the three VIFs, IbInvInh2 is a novel VIF in sweet potato and was confirmed to be an inhibitor of IbβFRUCT2. The N-terminal domain of IbβFRUCT2 and the Thr39 and Leu198 sites of IbInvInh2 were predicted to be engaged in their interactions. The transgenic expression of IbInvInh2 in Arabidopsis thaliana plants reduced the starch content of leaves, while its expression in the Ibβfruct2-expressing Arabidopsis plants increased the starch content of leaves, suggesting that the post-translational inhibition of IbβFRUCT2 activity by IbInvInh2 contributes to the regulation of the plant starch content. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel VIF in sweet potato and provide insights into the potential regulatory roles of the VIFs and invertase-VIF interaction in starch metabolism. These insights lay the foundation for using VIFs to improve the starch properties of crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuli Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhengdan Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Xisan Ju
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yonghai Fan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chaobin Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yonghui Han
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wanxia Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Daobin Tang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Changwen Lv
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qinghe Cao
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Adhikary D, Kisiala A, Sarkar A, Basu U, Rahman H, Emery N, Kav NNV. Early-stage responses to Plasmodiophora brassicae at the transcriptome and metabolome levels in clubroot resistant and susceptible oilseed Brassica napus. Mol Omics 2022; 18:991-1014. [PMID: 36382681 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00251e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Clubroot, a devastating soil-borne root disease, in Brassicaceae is caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin (P. brassicae W.), an obligate biotrophic protist. Plant growth and development, as well as seed yield of Brassica crops, are severely affected due to this disease. Several reports described the molecular responses of B. napus to P. brassicae; however, information on the early stages of pathogenesis is limited. In this study, we have used transcriptomics and metabolomics to characterize P. brassicae pathogenesis at 1-, 4-, and 7-days post-inoculation (DPI) in clubroot resistant (CR) and susceptible (CS) doubled-haploid (DH) canola lines. When we compared between inoculated and uninoculated groups, a total of 214 and 324 putative genes exhibited differential expression (q-value < 0.05) at one or more time-points in the CR and CS genotypes, respectively. When the inoculated CR and inoculated CS genotypes were compared, 4765 DEGs were differentially expressed (q-value < 0.05) at one or more time-points. Several metabolites related to organic acids (e.g., citrate, pyruvate), amino acids (e.g., proline, aspartate), sugars, and mannitol, were differentially accumulated in roots in response to pathogen infection when the CR and CS genotypes were compared. Several DEGs also corresponded to differentially accumulated metabolites, including pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (BnaC04g11450D), citrate synthase (BnaC02g39080D), and pyruvate kinase (BnaC04g23180D) as detected by transcriptome analysis. Our results suggest important roles for these genes in mediating resistance to clubroot disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis aimed at characterizing the molecular basis of resistance to clubroot in canola.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Adhikary
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Anna Kisiala
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Ananya Sarkar
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Urmila Basu
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Neil Emery
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Nat N V Kav
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kopczewski T, Kuźniak E, Ciereszko I, Kornaś A. Alterations in Primary Carbon Metabolism in Cucumber Infected with Pseudomonas syringae pv lachrymans: Local and Systemic Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012418. [PMID: 36293272 PMCID: PMC9603868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The reconfiguration of the primary metabolism is essential in plant–pathogen interactions. We compared the local metabolic responses of cucumber leaves inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv lachrymans (Psl) with those in non-inoculated systemic leaves, by examining the changes in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides pools, the concentration of soluble carbohydrates and activities/gene expression of carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes, the expression of photosynthesis-related genes, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle-linked metabolite contents and enzyme activities. In the infected leaves, Psl induced a metabolic signature with an altered [NAD(P)H]/[NAD(P)+] ratio; decreased glucose and sucrose contents, along with a changed invertase gene expression; and increased glucose turnover and accumulation of raffinose, trehalose, and myo-inositol. The accumulation of oxaloacetic and malic acids, enhanced activities, and gene expression of fumarase and l-malate dehydrogenase, as well as the increased respiration rate in the infected leaves, indicated that Psl induced the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The changes in gene expression of ribulose-l,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large unit, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and chloroplast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were compatible with a net photosynthesis decline described earlier. Psl triggered metabolic changes common to the infected and non-infected leaves, the dynamics of which differed quantitatively (e.g., malic acid content and metabolism, glucose-6-phosphate accumulation, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity) and those specifically related to the local or systemic response (e.g., changes in the sugar content and turnover). Therefore, metabolic changes in the systemic leaves may be part of the global effects of local infection on the whole-plant metabolism and also represent a specific acclimation response contributing to balancing growth and defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kopczewski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kuźniak
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Iwona Ciereszko
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kornaś
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Maia M, McCann A, Malherbe C, Far J, Cunha J, Eiras-Dias J, Cordeiro C, Eppe G, Quinton L, Figueiredo A, De Pauw E, Sousa Silva M. Grapevine leaf MALDI-MS imaging reveals the localisation of a putatively identified sucrose metabolite associated to Plasmopara viticola development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1012636. [PMID: 36299787 PMCID: PMC9589281 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1012636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite well-established pathways and metabolites involved in grapevine-Plasmopara viticola interaction, information on the molecules involved in the first moments of pathogen contact with the leaf surface and their specific location is still missing. To understand and localise these molecules, we analysed grapevine leaf discs infected with P. viticola with MSI. Plant material preparation was optimised, and different matrices and solvents were tested. Our data shows that trichomes hamper matrix deposition and the ion signal. Results show that putatively identified sucrose presents a higher accumulation and a non-homogeneous distribution in the infected leaf discs in comparison with the controls. This accumulation was mainly on the veins, leading to the hypothesis that sucrose metabolism is being manipulated by the development structures of P. viticola. Up to our knowledge this is the first time that the localisation of a putatively identified sucrose metabolite was shown to be associated to P. viticola infection sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Maia
- Laboratório de FTICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grapevine Pathogen Systems Lab (GPS Lab), Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andréa McCann
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (MolSys), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cédric Malherbe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (MolSys), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Johann Far
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (MolSys), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jorge Cunha
- Estação Vitivinícola Nacional, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Torres-Vedras, Portugal
| | - José Eiras-Dias
- Estação Vitivinícola Nacional, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Torres-Vedras, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cordeiro
- Laboratório de FTICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gauthier Eppe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (MolSys), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Loïc Quinton
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (MolSys), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Grapevine Pathogen Systems Lab (GPS Lab), Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (MolSys), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marta Sousa Silva
- Laboratório de FTICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Plett JM, Plett KL. Leveraging genomics to understand the broader role of fungal small secreted proteins in niche colonization and nutrition. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:49. [PMID: 37938664 PMCID: PMC9723739 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-022-00139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The last few years have seen significant advances in the breadth of fungi for which we have genomic resources and our understanding of the biological mechanisms evolved to enable fungi to interact with their environment and other organisms. One field of research that has seen a paradigm shift in our understanding concerns the role of fungal small secreted proteins (SSPs) classified as effectors. Classically thought to be a class of proteins utilized by pathogenic microbes to manipulate host physiology in support of colonization, comparative genomic studies have demonstrated that mutualistic fungi and fungi not associated with a living host (i.e., saprotrophic fungi) also encode inducible effector and candidate effector gene sequences. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in understanding how fungi utilize these secreted proteins to colonize a particular niche and affect nutrition and nutrient cycles. Recent studies show that candidate effector SSPs in fungi may have just as significant a role in modulating hyphosphere microbiomes and in orchestrating fungal growth as they do in supporting colonization of a living host. We conclude with suggestions on how comparative genomics may direct future studies seeking to characterize and differentiate effector from other more generalized functions of these enigmatic secreted proteins across all fungal lifestyles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Plett
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Krista L Plett
- Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Menangle, NSW, 2568, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Binama B, Behrendt M, Müller C. Responses of Bunias orientalis to Short-term Fungal Infection and Insect Herbivory are Independent of Nutrient Supply. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:827-840. [PMID: 36401688 PMCID: PMC9840571 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-022-01392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Plants have to allocate their resources in both growth and defense under different environmental challenges. Several plant species have become invasive particularly in disturbed fertile habitats, which may influence their resource allocation. We studied the effects of nitrate fertilization (low versus high) on various plant responses towards a pathogenic fungus, Alternaria brassicae, and a herbivorous insect species, Mamestra brassicae, in a population of Bunias orientalis, which is invasive in parts of central Europe. Aboveground biomass and leaf trichome density were enhanced in plants under high fertilization. In contrast, the short-term fungal infection and herbivory had no effect on aboveground biomass. Leaf water, nitrogen content and glucosinolate concentrations were neither affected by fertilization nor in response to antagonist attack. The total soluble sugar content, especially fructose, as well as leaf peroxidase activity increased significantly in leaves upon fungal infection, but independent of fertilization. Larval biomass gain and herbivore survival were likewise unaffected by fertilization. Our findings highlight that under conditions of high fertilization, B. orientalis plants allocate more resources into growth and morphological defenses than chemical defenses. In contrast, induced responses to short-term antagonist attack seem independent of nitrate availability in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blaise Binama
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Miriam Behrendt
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Caroline Müller
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|