1
|
Xie Q, Yin X, Wang Y, Qi Y, Pan C, Sulaymanov S, Qiu QS, Zhou Y, Jiang X. The signalling pathways, calcineurin B-like protein 5 (CBL5)-CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 (CIPK8)/CIPK24-salt overly sensitive 1 (SOS1), transduce salt signals in seed germination in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1486-1502. [PMID: 38238896 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
For plant growth under salt stress, sensing and transducing salt signals are central to cellular Na+ homoeostasis. The calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) complexes play critical roles in transducing salt signals in plants. Here, we show that CBL5, an ortholog of CBL4 and CBL10 in Arabidopsis, interacts with and recruits CIPK8/CIPK24 to the plasma membrane. Yeast cells coexpressing CBL5, CIPK8/CIPK24 and SOS1 demonstrated lesser Na+ accumulation and a better growth phenotype than the untransformed or SOS1 transgenic yeast cells under salinity. Overexpression of CBL5 improved the growth of the cipk8 or cipk24 single mutant but not the cipk8 cipk24 double mutant under salt stress, suggesting that CIPK8 and CIPK24 were the downstream targets of CBL5. Interestingly, seed germination in cbl5 was severely inhibited by NaCl, which was recovered by the overexpression of CBL5. Furthermore, CBL5 was mainly expressed in the cotyledons and hypocotyls, which are essential to seed germination. Na+ efflux activity in the hypocotyls of cbl5 was reduced relative to the wild-type under salt stress, enhancing Na+ accumulation. These findings indicate that CBL5 functions in seed germination and protects seeds and germinating seedlings from salt stress through the CBL5-CIPK8/CIPK24-SOS1 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xie
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaochang Yin
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuting Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations/School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengcai Pan
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Sunnatulla Sulaymanov
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Quan-Sheng Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations/School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang HR, Han SM, Wang DH, Zhao ZR, Ling H, Yu YN, Liu ZY, Gai YP, Ji XL. Unraveling the Contribution of MulSOS2 in Conferring Salinity Tolerance in Mulberry ( Morus atropurpurea Roxb). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3628. [PMID: 38612440 PMCID: PMC11012014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most serious threats to sustainable agriculture. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway plays an important role in salinity tolerance in plants, and the SOS2 gene plays a critical role in this pathway. Mulberry not only has important economic value but also is an important ecological tree species; however, the roles of the SOS2 gene associated with salt stress have not been reported in mulberry. To gain insight into the response of mulberry to salt stress, SOS2 (designated MulSOS2) was cloned from mulberry (Morus atropurpurea Roxb), and sequence analysis of the amino acids of MulSOS2 showed that it shares some conserved domains with its homologs from other plant species. Our data showed that the MulSOS2 gene was expressed at different levels in different tissues of mulberry, and its expression was induced substantially not only by NaCl but also by ABA. In addition, MulSOS2 was exogenously expressed in Arabidopsis, and the results showed that under salt stress, transgenic MulSOS2 plants accumulated more proline and less malondialdehyde than the wild-type plants and exhibited increased tolerance to salt stress. Moreover, the MulSOS2 gene was transiently overexpressed in mulberry leaves and stably overexpressed in the hairy roots, and similar results were obtained for resistance to salt stress in transgenic mulberry plants. Taken together, the results of this study are helpful to further explore the function of the MulSOS2 gene, which provides a valuable gene for the genetic breeding of salt tolerance in mulberry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Rui Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Sheng-Mei Han
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Dong-Hao Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Zhen-Rui Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Hui Ling
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Yun-Na Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Zhao-Yang Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Ying-Ping Gai
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Xian-Ling Ji
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun Z, Li J, Guo D, Wang T, Tian Y, Ma C, Liu X, Wang C, Zheng X. Melatonin enhances KCl salinity tolerance by maintaining K + homeostasis in Malus hupehensis. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:2273-2290. [PMID: 37465981 PMCID: PMC10579713 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of potash fertilizer are often applied to apple (Malus domestica) orchards to enhance fruit quality and yields, but this treatment aggravates KCl-based salinity stress. Melatonin (MT) is involved in a variety of abiotic stress responses in plants. However, its role in KCl stress tolerance is still unknown. In the present study, we determined that an appropriate concentration (100 μm) of MT significantly alleviated KCl stress in Malus hupehensis by enhancing K+ efflux out of cells and compartmentalizing K+ in vacuoles. Transcriptome deep-sequencing analysis identified the core transcription factor gene MdWRKY53, whose expression responded to both KCl and MT treatment. Overexpressing MdWRKY53 enhanced KCl tolerance in transgenic apple plants by increasing K+ efflux and K+ compartmentalization. Subsequently, we characterized the transporter genes MdGORK1 and MdNHX2 as downstream targets of MdWRKY53 by ChIP-seq. MdGORK1 localized to the plasma membrane and enhanced K+ efflux to increase KCl tolerance in transgenic apple plants. Moreover, overexpressing MdNHX2 enhanced the KCl tolerance of transgenic apple plants/callus by compartmentalizing K+ into the vacuole. RT-qPCR and LUC activity analyses indicated that MdWRKY53 binds to the promoters of MdGORK1 and MdNHX2 and induces their transcription. Taken together, our findings reveal that the MT-WRKY53-GORK1/NHX2-K+ module regulates K+ homeostasis to enhance KCl stress tolerance in apple. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanism of apple response to KCl-based salinity stress and lay the foundation for the practical application of MT in salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Sun
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- College of Life ScienceQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jianyu Li
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoChina
| | - Dianming Guo
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoChina
| | - Tianchao Wang
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoChina
| | - Yike Tian
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoChina
| | - Changqing Ma
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoChina
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoChina
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoChina
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Krishnamurthy P, Amzah NRB, Kumar PP. High-affinity potassium transporter from a mangrove tree Avicennia officinalis increases salinity tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111841. [PMID: 37625549 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinity reduces the growth and productivity of crop plants worldwide. Mangroves have evolved efficient ion homeostasis mechanisms to survive under their natural saline growth habitat. Information obtained from them may be utilized for increasing the salt tolerance of crop plants. We identified and characterized a high-affinity potassium transporter gene (AoHKT1) from Avicennia officinalis. The expression of AoHKT1 was induced by NaCl mainly in the leaves. Functional study by heterologous expression of AoHKT1 in Arabidopsis T-DNA insertional mutants athkt1-1 and athkt1-4 revealed that it could enhance the salt tolerance of the mutant plants. This was accompanied by an increase in K+ accumulation in the leaves. AoHKT1 was localized to the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis, and when expressed in yeast, it could complement the functions of both Na+ and K+ transporters. An attempt was made to identify the upstream regulator of AtHKT1, a close homolog of AoHKT1. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase assay and yeast one-hybrid assays, WRKY9 was identified as the main transcription factor in the process. Furthermore, this was corroborated by the observation that AtHKT1 levels were significantly reduced in the atwrky9 seedlings. These findings revealed a part of the molecular regulatory mechanism of HKT1 induction in response to salt treatment in Arabidopsis. Our study suggests that AoHKT1 is a potential candidate for generating crop plants with increased salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pannaga Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Nur Ramizah Bte Amzah
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Prakash P Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salinity-Induced Cytosolic Alkaline Shifts in Arabidopsis Roots Require the SOS Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043549. [PMID: 36834961 PMCID: PMC9960406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms to sense, respond to and overcome the detrimental effects of high soil salinity. The role of calcium transients in salinity stress signaling is well established, but the physiological significance of concurrent salinity-induced changes in cytosolic pH remains largely undefined. Here, we analyzed the response of Arabidopsis roots expressing the genetically encoded ratiometric pH-sensor pHGFP fused to marker proteins for the recruitment of the sensor to the cytosolic side of the tonoplast (pHGFP-VTI11) and the plasma membrane (pHGFP-LTI6b). Salinity elicited a rapid alkalinization of cytosolic pH (pHcyt) in the meristematic and elongation zone of wild-type roots. The pH-shift near the plasma membrane preceded that at the tonoplast. In pH-maps transversal to the root axis, the epidermis and cortex had cells with a more alkaline pHcyt relative to cells in the stele in control conditions. Conversely, seedlings treated with 100 mM NaCl exhibited an increased pHcyt in cells of the vasculature relative to the external layers of the root, and this response occurred in both reporter lines. These pHcyt changes were substantially reduced in mutant roots lacking a functional SOS3/CBL4 protein, suggesting that the operation of the SOS pathway mediated the dynamics of pHcyt in response to salinity.
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu HF, Zhang TT, Liu YQ, Kang H, Rui L, Wang DR, You CX, Xue XM, Wang XF. Genome-wide analysis of the 6B-INTERACTING PROTEIN1 gene family with functional characterization of MdSIP1-2 in Malus domestica. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 195:89-100. [PMID: 36621305 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Trihelix transcription factors consist of five subfamilies, including GT-1, GT-2, SH4, GTγ, and SIP1, which play important roles in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, however, seldom is known about the role of the SIP1 genes in apples. In this study, 12 MdSIP1 genes were first identified in apples by genome-wide analysis, and contained conserved MYB/SANT-like domains. Expression patterns analyses showed that the MdSIP1 genes had different tissue expression patterns, and different transcription levels in response to abiotic stresses, indicating that MdSIP1s may play multiple roles under various abiotic stresses. Among them, the MdSIP1-2 gene was cloned and ectopic transformed into Arabidopsis, and its biology function was identified. The subcellular localization showed that MdSIP1-2 protein was specifically localized in the nucleus, and that overexpression of MdSIP1-2 promoted the development of lateral roots, increased abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity, and improved salt and drought tolerance. These findings suggested that MdSIP1-2 plays an important role in root development, ABA synthesis, and salt and drought stress tolerance. In conclusion, these results lay a solid foundation for determining the role of MdSIP1 in the growth and development and abiotic stress tolerance of apples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Feng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Ya-Qi Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Kang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Rui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Ru Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Min Xue
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271018, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Salt-Induced Changes in Cytosolic pH and Photosynthesis in Tobacco and Potato Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010491. [PMID: 36613934 PMCID: PMC9820604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most common factors limiting the productivity of crops. The damaging effect of salt stress on many vital plant processes is mediated, on the one hand, by the osmotic stress caused by large concentrations of Na+ and Cl- outside the root and, on the other hand, by the toxic effect of these ions loaded in the cell. In our work, the influence of salinity on the changes in photosynthesis, transpiration, water content and cytosolic pH in the leaves of two important crops of the Solanaceae family-tobacco and potato-was investigated. Salinity caused a decrease in photosynthesis activity, which manifested as a decrease in the quantum yield of photosystem II and an increase in non-photochemical quenching. Along with photosynthesis limitation, there was a slight reduction in the relative water content in the leaves and a decrease in transpiration, determined by the crop water stress index. Furthermore, a decrease in cytosolic pH was detected in tobacco and potato plants transformed by the gene of pH-sensitive protein Pt-GFP. The potential mechanisms of the salinity influence on the activity of photosynthesis were analyzed with the comparison of the parameters' dynamics, as well as the salt content in the leaves.
Collapse
|
8
|
Rahman MA, Woo JH, Lee SH, Park HS, Kabir AH, Raza A, El Sabagh A, Lee KW. Regulation of Na +/H + exchangers, Na +/K + transporters, and lignin biosynthesis genes, along with lignin accumulation, sodium extrusion, and antioxidant defense, confers salt tolerance in alfalfa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1041764. [PMID: 36420040 PMCID: PMC9676661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1041764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of high sodium (Na+) leads to disruption of metabolic processes and decline in plant growth and productivity. Therefore, this study was undertaken to clarify how Na+/H+ exchangers and Na+/K+ transporter genes contribute to Na+ homeostasis and the substantial involvement of lignin biosynthesis genes in salt tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), which is poorly understood. In this study, high Na+ exhibited a substantial reduction of morphophysiological indices and induced oxidative stress indicators in Xingjiang Daye (XJD; sensitive genotype), while Zhongmu (ZM; tolerant genotype) remained unaffected. The higher accumulation of Na+ and the lower accumulation of K+ and K+/(Na+ + K+) ratio were found in roots and shoots of XJD compared with ZM under salt stress. The ZM genotype showed a high expression of SOS1 (salt overly sensitive 1), NHX1 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1), and HKT1 (high-affinity potassium transporter 1), which were involved in K+ accumulation and excess Na+ extrusion from the cells compared with XJD. The lignin accumulation was higher in the salt-adapted ZM genotype than the sensitive XJD genotype. Consequently, several lignin biosynthesis-related genes including 4CL2, CCoAOMT, COMT, CCR, C4H, PAL1, and PRX1 exhibited higher mRNA expression in salt-tolerant ZM compared with XJD. Moreover, antioxidant enzyme (catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) activity was higher in ZM relative to XJD. This result suggests that high antioxidant provided the defense against oxidative damages in ZM, whereas low enzyme activity with high Na+ triggered the oxidative damage in XJD. These findings together illustrate the ion exchanger, antiporter, and lignin biosysthetic genes involving mechanistic insights into differential salt tolerance in alfalfa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Woo
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Hyung Soo Park
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ahmad Humayan Kabir
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ali Raza
- College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, Egypt
| | - Ki-Won Lee
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin T, An J, Xu H, Chen J, Pan L, Zhao R, Wang N, Gai J, Li Y. A soybean sodium/hydrogen exchanger GmNHX6 confers plant alkaline salt tolerance by regulating Na +/K + homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:938635. [PMID: 36204047 PMCID: PMC9531905 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.938635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline soil has a high pH due to carbonate salts and usually causes more detrimental effects on crop growth than saline soil. Sodium hydrogen exchangers (NHXs) are pivotal regulators of cellular Na+/K+ and pH homeostasis, which is essential for salt tolerance; however, their role in alkaline salt tolerance is largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the function of a soybean NHX gene, GmNHX6, in plant response to alkaline salt stress. GmNHX6 encodes a Golgi-localized sodium/hydrogen exchanger, and its transcript abundance is more upregulated in alkaline salt tolerant soybean variety in response to NaHCO3 stress. Ectopic expression of GmNHX6 in Arabidopsis enhanced alkaline salt tolerance by maintaining high K+ content and low Na+/K+ ratio. Overexpression of GmNHX6 also improved soybean tolerance to alkaline salt stress. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of NHX6 is associated with the alkaline salt tolerance in soybean germplasm. A superior promoter of GmNHX6 was isolated from an alkaline salt tolerant soybean variety, which showed stronger activity than the promoter from an alkaline salt sensitive soybean variety in response to alkali stress, by luciferase transient expression assays. Our results suggested soybean NHX6 gene plays an important role in plant tolerance to alkaline salt stress.
Collapse
|
10
|
Xie Q, Zhou Y, Jiang X. Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Plasma Membrane Na +/H + Antiporter Salt Overly Sensitive 1 in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866265. [PMID: 35432437 PMCID: PMC9009148 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Physiological studies have confirmed that export of Na+ to improve salt tolerance in plants is regulated by the combined activities of a complex transport system. In the Na+ transport system, the Na+/H+ antiporter salt overly sensitive 1 (SOS1) is the main protein that functions to excrete Na+ out of plant cells. In this paper, we review the structure and function of the Na+/H+ antiporter and the physiological process of Na+ transport in SOS signaling pathway, and discuss the regulation of SOS1 during phosphorylation activation by protein kinase and the balance mechanism of inhibiting SOS1 antiporter at molecular and protein levels. In addition, we carried out phylogenetic tree analysis of SOS1 proteins reported so far in plants, which implied the specificity of salt tolerance mechanism from model plants to higher crops under salt stress. Finally, the high complexity of the regulatory network of adaptation to salt tolerance, and the feasibility of coping strategies in the process of genetic improvement of salt tolerance quality of higher crops were reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xie
- National Innovation Center for Technology of Saline-Alkaline Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops/School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops/School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- National Innovation Center for Technology of Saline-Alkaline Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops/School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou H, Xiao F, Zheng Y, Liu G, Zhuang Y, Wang Z, Zhang Y, He J, Fu C, Lin H. PAMP-INDUCED SECRETED PEPTIDE 3 modulates salt tolerance through RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 7 in plants. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:927-944. [PMID: 34865139 PMCID: PMC8824610 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
High soil salinity negatively affects plant growth and development, leading to a severe decrease in crop production worldwide. Here, we report that a secreted peptide, PAMP-INDUCED SECRETED PEPTIDE 3 (PIP3), plays an essential role in plant salt tolerance through RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 7 (RLK7) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The gene encoding the PIP3 precursor, prePIP3, was significantly induced by salt stress. Plants overexpressing prePIP3 exhibited enhanced salt tolerance, whereas a prePIP3 knockout mutant had a salt-sensitive phenotype. PIP3 physically interacted with RLK7, a leucine-rich repeat RLK, and salt stress enhanced PIP3-RLK7 complex formation. Functional analyses revealed that PIP3-mediated salt tolerance is dependent on RLK7. Exogenous application of synthetic PIP3 peptide activated RLK7, and salt treatment significantly induced RLK7 phosphorylation in a PIP3-dependent manner. Notably, MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE3 (MPK3) and MPK6 were downstream of the PIP3-RLK7 module in salt response signaling. Activation of MPK3/6 was attenuated in pip3 or rlk7 mutants under saline conditions. Therefore, MPK3/6 might amplify salt stress response signaling in plants for salt tolerance. Collectively, our work characterized a novel ligand-receptor signaling cascade that modulates plant salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. This study contributes to our understanding of how plants respond to salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huapeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Guoyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yufen Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jiaxian He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chunxiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dave A, Agarwal P, Agarwal PK. Mechanism of high affinity potassium transporter (HKT) towards improved crop productivity in saline agricultural lands. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:51. [PMID: 35127306 PMCID: PMC8795266 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycophytic plants are susceptible to salinity and their growth is hampered in more than 40 mM of salt. Salinity not only affects crop yield but also limits available land for farming by decreasing its fertility. Presence of distinct traits in response to environmental conditions might result in evolutionary adaptations. A better understanding of salinity tolerance through a comprehensive study of how Na+ is transported will help in the development of plants with improved salinity tolerance and might lead to increased yield of crops growing in strenuous environment. Ion transporters play pivotal role in salt homeostasis and maintain low cytotoxic effect in the cell. High-affinity potassium transporters are the critical class of integral membrane proteins found in plants. It mainly functions to remove excess Na+ from the transpiration stream to prevent sodium toxicity in the salt-sensitive shoot and leaf tissues. However, there are large number of HKT proteins expressed in plants, and it is possible that these members perform in a wide range of functions. Understanding their mechanism and functions will aid in further manipulation and genetic transformation of different crops. This review focuses on current knowledge of ion selectivity and molecular mechanisms controlling HKT gene expression. The current review highlights the mechanism of different HKT transporters from different plant sources and how this knowledge could prove as a valuable tool to improve crop productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dave
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364 002 India ,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Parinita Agarwal
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364 002 India
| | - Pradeep K. Agarwal
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364 002 India ,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rajakani R, Sellamuthu G, Ishikawa T, Ahmed HAI, Bharathan S, Kumari K, Shabala L, Zhou M, Chen ZH, Shabala S, Venkataraman G. Reduced apoplastic barriers in tissues of shoot-proximal rhizomes of Oryza coarctata are associated with Na+ sequestration. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:998-1015. [PMID: 34606587 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oryza coarctata is the only wild rice species with significant salinity tolerance. The present work examines the role of the substantial rhizomatous tissues of O. coarctata in conferring salinity tolerance. Transition to an erect phenotype (shoot emergence) from prostrate growth of rhizome tissues is characterized by marked lignification and suberization of supporting sclerenchymatous tissue, epidermis, and bundle sheath cells in aerial shoot-proximal nodes and internodes in O. coarctata. With salinity, however, aerial shoot-proximal internodal tissues show reductions in lignification and suberization, most probably related to re-direction of carbon flux towards synthesis of the osmporotectant proline. Concurrent with hypolignification and reduced suberization, the aerial rhizomatous biomass of O. coarctata appears to have evolved mechanisms to store Na+ in these specific tissues under salinity. This was confirmed by histochemical staining, quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR expression patterns of genes involved in lignification/suberization, Na+ and K+ contents of internodal tissues, as well as non-invasive microelectrode ion flux measurements of NaCl-induced net Na+, K+, and H+ flux profiles of aerial nodes were determined. In O. coarctata, aerial proximal internodes appear to act as 'traffic controllers', sending required amounts of Na+ and K+ into developing leaves for osmotic adjustment and turgor-driven growth, while more deeply positioned internodes assume a Na+ buffering/storage role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raja Rajakani
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai 600 113, India
| | - Gothandapani Sellamuthu
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai 600 113, India
- Forest Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague-16500, Czech Republic
| | - Tetsuya Ishikawa
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
| | - Hassan Ahmed Ibraheem Ahmed
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42522, Egypt
| | - Subhashree Bharathan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumkum Kumari
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai 600 113, India
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Gayatri Venkataraman
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai 600 113, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Saradadevi GP, Das D, Mangrauthia SK, Mohapatra S, Chikkaputtaiah C, Roorkiwal M, Solanki M, Sundaram RM, Chirravuri NN, Sakhare AS, Kota S, Varshney RK, Mohannath G. Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121255. [PMID: 34943170 PMCID: PMC8698797 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Globally, soil salinity, which refers to salt-affected soils, is increasing due to various environmental factors and human activities. Soil salinity poses one of the most serious challenges in the field of agriculture as it significantly reduces the growth and yield of crop plants, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Over the last few decades, several studies have been carried out to understand plant biology in response to soil salinity stress with a major emphasis on genetic and other hereditary components. Based on the outcome of these studies, several approaches are being followed to enhance plants’ ability to tolerate salt stress while still maintaining reasonable levels of crop yields. In this manuscript, we comprehensively list and discuss various biological approaches being followed and, based on the recent advances in the field of molecular biology, we propose some new approaches to improve salinity tolerance of crop plants. The global scientific community can make use of this information for the betterment of crop plants. This review also highlights the importance of maintaining global soil health to prevent several crop plant losses. Abstract Globally, soil salinity has been on the rise owing to various factors that are both human and environmental. The abiotic stress caused by soil salinity has become one of the most damaging abiotic stresses faced by crop plants, resulting in significant yield losses. Salt stress induces physiological and morphological modifications in plants as a result of significant changes in gene expression patterns and signal transduction cascades. In this comprehensive review, with a major focus on recent advances in the field of plant molecular biology, we discuss several approaches to enhance salinity tolerance in plants comprising various classical and advanced genetic and genetic engineering approaches, genomics and genome editing technologies, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-based approaches. Furthermore, based on recent advances in the field of epigenetics, we propose novel approaches to create and exploit heritable genome-wide epigenetic variation in crop plants to enhance salinity tolerance. Specifically, we describe the concepts and the underlying principles of epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epiRILs) and other epigenetic variants and methods to generate them. The proposed epigenetic approaches also have the potential to create additional genetic variation by modulating meiotic crossover frequency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Prasad Saradadevi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India; (G.P.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Debajit Das
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, India; (D.D.); (C.C.)
| | - Satendra K. Mangrauthia
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Sridev Mohapatra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India; (G.P.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Channakeshavaiah Chikkaputtaiah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, India; (D.D.); (C.C.)
| | - Manish Roorkiwal
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India;
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Manish Solanki
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Raman Meenakshi Sundaram
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Neeraja N. Chirravuri
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Akshay S. Sakhare
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Suneetha Kota
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.K.V.); (G.M.); Tel.: +91-40-245-91268 (S.K.); +91-84-556-83305 (R.K.V.); +91-40-66303697 (G.M.)
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India;
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.K.V.); (G.M.); Tel.: +91-40-245-91268 (S.K.); +91-84-556-83305 (R.K.V.); +91-40-66303697 (G.M.)
| | - Gireesha Mohannath
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India; (G.P.S.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.K.V.); (G.M.); Tel.: +91-40-245-91268 (S.K.); +91-84-556-83305 (R.K.V.); +91-40-66303697 (G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria as a Green Alternative for Sustainable Agriculture. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su131910986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stress is a major challenge for sustainable food production as it reduces yield by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) which pose a threat to cell organelles and biomolecules such as proteins, DNA, enzymes, and others, leading to apoptosis. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) offers an eco-friendly and green alternative to synthetic agrochemicals and conventional agricultural practices in accomplishing sustainable agriculture by boosting growth and stress tolerance in plants. PGPR inhabit the rhizosphere of soil and exhibit positive interaction with plant roots. These organisms render multifaceted benefits to plants by several mechanisms such as the release of phytohormones, nitrogen fixation, solubilization of mineral phosphates, siderophore production for iron sequestration, protection against various pathogens, and stress. PGPR has the potential to curb the adverse effects of various stresses such as salinity, drought, heavy metals, floods, and other stresses on plants by inducing the production of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. Genetically engineered PGPR strains play significant roles to alleviate the abiotic stress to improve crop productivity. Thus, the present review will focus on the impact of PGPR on stress resistance, plant growth promotion, and induction of antioxidant systems in plants.
Collapse
|
16
|
Gupta BK, Sahoo KK, Anwar K, Nongpiur RC, Deshmukh R, Pareek A, Singla-Pareek SL. Silicon nutrition stimulates Salt-Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway to enhance salinity stress tolerance and yield in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:593-604. [PMID: 34186283 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In rice (Oryza sativa), Si nutrition is known to improve salinity tolerance; however, limited efforts have been made to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Salt-Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway contributes to salinity tolerance in plants in a major way which works primarily through Na+ exclusion from the cytosol. SOS1, a vital component of SOS pathway is a Na+/H+ antiporter that maintains ion homeostasis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of overexpression of Oryza sativa SOS1 (OsSOS1) in tobacco (cv. Petit Havana) and rice (cv. IR64) for modulating its response towards salinity further exploring its correlation with Si nutrition. OsSOS1 transgenic tobacco plants showed enhanced tolerance to salinity as evident by its high chlorophyll content and maintaining favorable ion homeostasis under salinity stress. Similarly, transgenic rice overexpressing OsSOS1 also showed improved salinity stress tolerance as shown by higher seed germination percentage, seedling survival and low Na+ accumulation under salinity stress. At their mature stage, compared with the non-transgenic plants, the transgenic rice plants showed better growth and maintained better photosynthetic efficiency with reduced chlorophyll loss under stress. Also, roots of transgenic rice plants showed reduced accumulation of Na+ leading to reduced oxidative damage and cell death under salinity stress which ultimately resulted in improved agronomic traits such as higher number of panicles and fertile spikelets per panicle. Si nutrition was found to improve the growth of salinity stressed OsSOS1 rice by upregulating the expression of Si transporters (Lsi1 and Lsi2) that leads to more uptake and accumulation of Si in the rice shoots. Metabolite profiling showed better stress regulatory machinery in the transgenic rice, since they maintained higher abundance of most of the osmolytes and free amino acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh K Gupta
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Khirod K Sahoo
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Khalid Anwar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Ramsong C Nongpiur
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Biochemical and Gene Expression Analyses in Different Poplar Clones: The Selection Tools for Afforestation of Halomorphic Environments. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Halomorphic soils cover a significant area in the Vojvodina region and represent ecological and economic challenges for agricultural and forestry sectors. In this study, four economically important Serbian poplar clones were compared according to their biochemical and transcriptomic responses towards mild and severe salt stress to select the most tolerant clones for afforestation of halomorphic soils. Three prospective clones of Populus deltoides (Bora-B229, Antonije-182/81 and PE19/66) and one of hybrid genetic background P. nigraxP. deltoides, e.g., P. x euramericana (Pannonia-M1) were hydroponically subjected to NaCl as a salt stress agent in a concentration range from 150 mM to 450 mM. Plant responses were measured at different time periods in the leaves. Biochemical response of poplar clones to salt stress was estimated by tracking several parameters such as different radical scavenging capacities (estimated by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays), accumulation of total phenolic content and flavonoids. Furthermore, accumulation of two osmolytes, glycine betaine and proline, were quantified. The genetic difference of those clones has been already shown by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) but this paper emphasized their differences regarding biochemical and transcriptomic salt stress responses. Five candidate genes, two putative poplar homologues of GRAS family TFs (PtGRAS17 and PtGRAS16), PtDREB2 of DREB family TFs and two abiotic stress-inducible genes (PtP5SC1, PtSOS1), were examined for their expression profiles. Results show that most salt stress-responsive genes were induced in clones M1 and PE19/66, thus showing they can tolerate salt environments with high concentrations and could be efficient in phytoremediation of salt environments. Clone M1 and PE19/66 has ABA-dependent mechanisms expressing the PtP5CS1 gene while clone 182/81 could regulate the expression of the same gene by ABA-independent pathway. To improve salt tolerance in poplar, two putative GRAS/SCL TFs and PtDREB2 gene seem to be promising candidates for genetic engineering of salt-tolerant poplar clones.
Collapse
|
18
|
Membrane Profiling by Free Flow Electrophoresis and SWATH-MS to Characterize Subcellular Compartment Proteomes in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095020. [PMID: 34065142 PMCID: PMC8126025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of subcellular membrane structure and function facilitates investigations into how biological processes are divided within the cell. However, work in this area has been hampered by the limited techniques available to fractionate the different membranes. Free Flow Electrophoresis (FFE) allows for the fractionation of membranes based on their different surface charges, a property made up primarily of their varied lipid and protein compositions. In this study, high-resolution plant membrane fractionation by FFE, combined with mass spectrometry-based proteomics, allowed the simultaneous profiling of multiple cellular membranes from the leaf tissue of the plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. Comparisons of the fractionated membranes’ protein profile to that of known markers for specific cellular compartments sheds light on the functions of proteins, as well as provides new evidence for multiple subcellular localization of several proteins, including those involved in lipid metabolism.
Collapse
|
19
|
Amin I, Rasool S, Mir MA, Wani W, Masoodi KZ, Ahmad P. Ion homeostasis for salinity tolerance in plants: a molecular approach. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:578-594. [PMID: 32770745 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major environmental stresses faced by the plants. Sodium chloride is the most important salt responsible for inducing salt stress by disrupting the osmotic potential. Due to various innate mechanisms, plants adapt to the sodic niche around them. Genes and transcription factors regulating ion transport and exclusion such as salt overly sensitive (SOS), Na+ /H+ exchangers (NHXs), high sodium affinity transporter (HKT) and plasma membrane protein (PMP) are activated during salinity stress and help in alleviating cells of ion toxicity. For salt tolerance in plants signal transduction and gene expression is regulated via transcription factors such as NAM (no apical meristem), ATAF (Arabidopsis transcription activation factor), CUC (cup-shaped cotyledon), Apetala 2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF), W-box binding factor (WRKY) and basic leucine zipper domain (bZIP). Cross-talk between all these transcription factors and genes aid in developing the tolerance mechanisms adopted by plants against salt stress. These genes and transcription factors regulate the movement of ions out of the cells by opening various membrane ion channels. Mutants or knockouts of all these genes are known to be less salt-tolerant compared to wild-types. Using novel molecular techniques such as analysis of genome, transcriptome, ionome and metabolome of a plant, can help in expanding the understanding of salt tolerance mechanism in plants. In this review, we discuss the genes responsible for imparting salt tolerance under salinity stress through transport dynamics of ion balance and need to integrate high-throughput molecular biology techniques to delineate the issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Insha Amin
- Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, FVSc & A.H., SKUAST, Shuhama, India
| | - Saiema Rasool
- Department of School Education, Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir, Srinagar, 190001, India
| | - Mudasir A Mir
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Wasia Wani
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Khalid Z Masoodi
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S. P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang J, Li W, Guo X, Chen P, Cheng Y, Mao K, Ma F. Cation/Ca 2+ Exchanger 1 (MdCCX1), a Plasma Membrane-Localized Na + Transporter, Enhances Plant Salt Tolerance by Inhibiting Excessive Accumulation of Na + and Reactive Oxygen Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:746189. [PMID: 34721472 PMCID: PMC8549818 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.746189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
High salinity causes severe damage to plant growth and significantly reduces crop yields. The CCX family proteins can facilitate the transport of multiple ions to prevent toxicity. CCX proteins play an important role in regulating plant salt tolerance, but no detailed studies on CCX proteins in apples have been reported. Here, the CCX family gene MdCCX1 was cloned from apple (Malus domestica). It is constitutively expressed in various apple tissues and is significantly induced by salt stress. As a plasma membrane-localized protein, MdCCX1-overexpression could complement the Na+-sensitive phenotype of yeast mutants and reduce the Na+ content in yeast cells under NaCl treatment, suggesting that MdCCX1 could be a plasma membrane-localized Na+ transporter. To identify the function of MdCCX1 in salt response, we transformed this gene into Arabidopsis, apple calli, and apple plants. Overexpression of MdCCX1 significantly improved the salt tolerance of these transgenic materials. The significantly reduced Na+ content under NaCl treatment indicated that MdCCX1 overexpression could enhance plant salt tolerance by inhibiting the excessive accumulation of Na+. Besides, MdCCX1 overexpression could also enhance plant salt tolerance by promoting ROS scavenging. These findings provide new insight and rich resources for future studies of CCX proteins in plant species.
Collapse
|
21
|
Loubser J, Hills P. The Application of a Commercially Available Citrus-Based Extract Mitigates Moderate NaCl-Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1010. [PMID: 32785013 PMCID: PMC7465524 DOI: 10.3390/plants9081010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the effect of BC204 as a plant biostimulant on Arabidopsis thaliana plants under normal and NaCl-stressed conditions. METHODS For this study, ex vitro and in vitro growth experiments were conducted to assess the effect of both NaCl and BC204 on basic physiological parameters such as biomass, chlorophyll, proline, malondialdehyde, stomatal conductivity, Fv/Fm and the expression of four NaCl-responsive genes. RESULTS This study provides preliminary evidence that BC204 mitigates salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. BC204 treatment increased chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weights, whilst reducing proline, anthocyanin and malondialdehyde content in the presence of 10 dS·m-1 electroconductivity (EC) salt stress. Stomatal conductivity was also reduced by BC204 and NaCl in source leaves. In addition, BC204 had a significant effect on the expression of salinity-related genes, stimulating the expression of salinity-related genes RD29A and SOS1 independently of NaCl-stress. CONCLUSIONS BC204 stimulated plant growth under normal growth conditions by increasing above-ground shoot tissue and root and shoot growth in vitro. BC204 also increased chlorophyll content while reducing stomatal conductivity. BC204 furthermore mitigated moderate to severe salt stress (10-20 dS·m-1) in A. thaliana. Under salt stress conditions, BC204 reduced the levels of proline, anthocyanin and malondialdehyde. The exact mechanism by which this occurs is unknown, but the results in this study suggest that BC204 may act as a priming agent, stimulating the expression of genes such as SOS1 and RD29A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Loubser
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kuo HY, Kang FC, Wang YY. Glucosinolate Transporter1 involves in salt-induced jasmonate signaling and alleviates the repression of lateral root growth by salt in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 297:110487. [PMID: 32563451 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress has negative impact on plant development and growth. Jasmonic acid (JA), a phytohormone, has been shown to involve in salt-induced inhibition of primary root growth. The Arabidopsis Glucosinolate transporter1 (GTR1/NPF2.10) is characterized as a JA-Ile, a bioactive form of JA, transporter. However, whether GTR1 participates in salt responses is not clear. In this study, we confirmed that GTR1 is induced by both JA and salinity. Salt-induced JA signaling is affected in gtr1 mutant. The JA responsive genes, JAZ1, JAZ5, MYC2, LOX3, are down-regulated in gtr1 mutant. Phenotypic analyses showed that the salinity-induced lateral root growth inhibition is enhanced in gtr1 mutant, suggesting that GTR1 plays a positive role in lateral root development under salt stress. Interestingly, the expression of a Na+ transporter, HKT1, is upregulated in gtr1. Since HKT1 is a negative regulator for lateral root development under salt stress, we proposed that GTR1 alleviates the repression of lateral root development by salt stress by mediating JA signaling and repressing HKT1 expression. This study demonstrates that GTR1 is the molecular link between salt stress, JA signaling, and lateral root development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Kuo
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chih Kang
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Wang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Feng S, Peng Y, Liu E, Ma H, Qiao K, Zhou A, Liu S, Bu Y. Arabidopsis V-ATPase d2 Subunit Plays a Role in Plant Responses to Oxidative Stress. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060701. [PMID: 32630497 PMCID: PMC7349310 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit proton pump located on the endomembrane, plays an important role in plant growth. The Arabidopsis thaliana V-ATPase d subunit (VHA-d) consists of two isoforms; AtVHA-d1 and AtVHA-d2. In this study, the function of AtVHA-d2 was investigated. Histochemical analysis revealed that the expression of AtVHA-d1 and AtVHA-d2 was generally highly overlapping in multiple tissues at different developmental stages of Arabidopsis. Subcellular localization revealed that AtVHA-d2 was mainly localized to the vacuole. AtVHA-d2 expression was significantly induced by oxidative stress. Analysis of phenotypic and H2O2 content showed that the atvha-d2 mutant was sensitive to oxidative stress. The noninvasive microtest monitoring demonstrated that the net H+ influx in the atvha-d2 roots was weaker than that in the wild-type under normal conditions. However, oxidative stress resulted in the H+ efflux in atvha-d2 roots, which was significantly different from that in the wild-type. RNA-seq combined with qPCR analysis showed that the expression of several members of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene (AtAHA) family in atvha-d2 was significantly different from that in the wild-type. Overall, our results indicate that AtVHA-d2 plays a role in Arabidopsis in response to oxidative stress by affecting H+ flux and AtAHA gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yun Peng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Enhui Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Hongping Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Kun Qiao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Aimin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.P.); (E.L.); (H.M.); (K.Q.); (A.Z.)
| | - Shenkui Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’An 311300, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Yuanyuan Bu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-8219-2763
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jogawat A, Meena MK, Kundu A, Varma M, Vadassery J. Calcium channel CNGC19 mediates basal defense signaling to regulate colonization by Piriformospora indica in Arabidopsis roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2752-2768. [PMID: 31957790 PMCID: PMC7210775 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The activation of calcium signaling is a crucial event for perceiving environmental stress. Colonization by Piriformospora indica, a growth-promoting root endosymbiont, activates cytosolic Ca2+ in Arabidopsis roots. In this study, we examined the role and functional relevance of calcium channels responsible for Ca2+ fluxes. Expression profiling revealed that CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED CHANNEL 19 (CNGC19) is an early-activated gene, induced by unidentified components in P. indica cell-wall extract. Functional analysis showed that loss-of-function of CNGC19 resulted in growth inhibition by P.indica, due to increased colonization and loss of controlled fungal growth. The cngc19 mutant showed reduced elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ in response to P. indica cell-wall extract in comparison to the wild-type. Microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity was compromised in the cngc19 lines, as evidenced by unaltered callose deposition, reduced cis-(+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, jasmonate, and jasmonoyl isoleucine levels, and down-regulation of jasmonate and other defense-related genes, which contributed to a shift towards a pathogenic response. Loss-of-function of CNGC19 resulted in an inability to modulate indole glucosinolate content during P. indica colonization. CNGC19-mediated basal immunity was dependent on the AtPep receptor, PEPR. CNGC19 was also crucial for P. indica-mediated suppression of AtPep-induced immunity. Our results thus demonstrate that Arabidopsis CNGC19 is an important Ca2+ channel that maintains a robust innate immunity and is crucial for growth-promotion signaling upon colonization by P. indica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu Jogawat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Meena
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Anish Kundu
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahendra Varma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyothilakshmi Vadassery
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chaban I, Baranova E, Kononenko N, Khaliluev M, Smirnova E. Distinct Differentiation Characteristics of Endothelium Determine Its Ability to Form Pseudo-Embryos in Tomato Ovules. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E12. [PMID: 31861391 PMCID: PMC6982238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium is an additional cell layer, differentiating from the inner epidermis of the ovule integument. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), after fertilization, the endothelium separates from integument and becomes an independent tissue developing next to the growing embryo sac. In the absence of fertilization, the endothelium may proliferate and form pseudo-embryo. However, the course of the reorganization of endothelium into pseudo-embryo in tomato ovules is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate specific features of endothelium differentiation and the role of the endothelium in the development of fertilized and unfertilized tomato ovules. The ovules of tomato plants ("YaLF" line), produced by vegetative growth plants of transgenic tomato line expressing the ac gene, encoding chitin-binding protein from Amaranthus caudatus L., were investigated using light and transmission electron microscopy. We showed that in the fertilized ovule of normally developing fruit and in the unfertilized ovule of parthenocarpic fruit, separation of the endothelium from integument occurs via programmed death of cells of the integumental parenchyma, adjacent to the endothelium. Endothelial cells in normally developing ovules change their structural and functional specialization from meristematic to secretory and back to meristematic, and proliferate until seeds fully mature. The secretory activity of the endothelium is necessary for the lysis of dying cells of the integument and provides the space for the growth of the new sporophyte. However, in ovules of parthenocarpic fruits, pseudo-embryo cells do not change their structural and functional organization and remain meristematic, no zone of lysis is formed, and pseudo-embryo cells undergo programmed cell death. Our data shows the key role of the endothelium as a protective and secretory tissue, needed for the normal development of ovules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inna Chaban
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, Moscow 127550, Russia; (I.C.); (E.B.); (N.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Ekaterina Baranova
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, Moscow 127550, Russia; (I.C.); (E.B.); (N.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Neonila Kononenko
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, Moscow 127550, Russia; (I.C.); (E.B.); (N.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Marat Khaliluev
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, Moscow 127550, Russia; (I.C.); (E.B.); (N.K.); (M.K.)
- Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russian State Agrarian University, Timiryazevskaya 49, Moscow 127550, Russia
| | - Elena Smirnova
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, Moscow 127550, Russia; (I.C.); (E.B.); (N.K.); (M.K.)
- Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow 119234, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Niu M, Sun S, Nawaz MA, Sun J, Cao H, Lu J, Huang Y, Bie Z. Grafting Cucumber Onto Pumpkin Induced Early Stomatal Closure by Increasing ABA Sensitivity Under Salinity Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1290. [PMID: 31781131 PMCID: PMC6859870 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
During early periods of salt stress, reduced stomatal opening can prevent water loss and wilting. Abscisic acid (ABA) signal plays an important role in this process. Here, we show that cucumber grafted onto pumpkin exhibits rapid stomatal closure, which helps plants to adapt to osmotic stress caused by salinity. Increased ABA contents in the roots, xylem sap, and leaves were evaluated in two grafting combinations (self-grafted cucumber and cucumber grafted onto pumpkin rootstock). The expression levels of ABA biosynthetic or signaling related genes NCED2 (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene 2), ABCG22 (ATP-binding cassette transporter genes 22), PP2C (type-2C protein phosphatases), and SnRK2.1 (sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinases 2) were investigated. Results showed that a root-sourced ABA signal led to decreased stomatal opening and transpiration in the plants grafted onto pumpkin. Furthermore, plants grafted onto pumpkin had increased sensitivity to ABA, compared with self-grafted cucumbers. The inhibition of ABA biosynthesis with fluridon in roots increased the transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) in the leaves. Our study demonstrated that the roots of pumpkin increases the sensitivity of the scion to ABA delivered from the roots to the shoots, and enhances osmotic tolerance under NaCl stress. Such a mechanism can be greatly exploited to benefit vegetable production particularly in semiarid saline regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengliang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shitao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Azher Nawaz
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haishun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilong Bie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Khan A, Khan AL, Muneer S, Kim YH, Al-Rawahi A, Al-Harrasi A. Silicon and Salinity: Crosstalk in Crop-Mediated Stress Tolerance Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1429. [PMID: 31787997 PMCID: PMC6853871 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress hinders the growth potential and productivity of crop plants by influencing photosynthesis, disturbing the osmotic and ionic concentrations, producing excessive oxidants and radicals, regulating endogenous phytohormonal functions, counteracting essential metabolic pathways, and manipulating the patterns of gene expression. In response, plants adopt counter mechanistic cascades of physio-biochemical and molecular signaling to overcome salinity stress; however, continued exposure can overwhelm the defense system, resulting in cell death and the collapse of essential apparatuses. Improving plant vigor and defense responses can thus increase plant stress tolerance and productivity. Alternatively, the quasi-essential element silicon (Si)-the second-most abundant element in the Earth's crust-is utilized by plants and applied exogenously to combat salinity stress and improve plant growth by enhancing physiological, metabolomic, and molecular responses. In the present review, we elucidate the potential role of Si in ameliorating salinity stress in crops and the possible mechanisms underlying Si-associated stress tolerance in plants. This review also underlines the need for future research to evaluate the role of Si in salinity stress in plants and the identification of gaps in the understanding of this process as a whole at a broader field level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sowbiya Muneer
- School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Yoon-Ha Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang Q, Guan C, Wang P, Ma Q, Bao AK, Zhang JL, Wang SM. The Effect of AtHKT1;1 or AtSOS1 Mutation on the Expressions of Na⁺ or K⁺ Transporter Genes and Ion Homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1085. [PMID: 30832374 PMCID: PMC6429264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
HKT1 and SOS1 are two key Na⁺ transporters that modulate salt tolerance in plants. Although much is known about the respective functions of HKT1 and SOS1 under salt conditions, few studies have examined the effects of HKT1 and SOS1 mutations on the expression of other important Na⁺ and K⁺ transporter genes. This study investigated the physiological parameters and expression profiles of AtHKT1;1, AtSOS1, AtHAK5, AtAKT1, AtSKOR, AtNHX1, and AtAVP1 in wild-type (WT) and athkt1;1 and atsos1 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana under 25 mM NaCl. We found that AtSOS1 mutation induced a significant decrease in transcripts of AtHKT1;1 (by 56⁻62% at 6⁻24 h), AtSKOR (by 36⁻78% at 6⁻24 h), and AtAKT1 (by 31⁻53% at 6⁻24 h) in the roots compared with WT. This led to an increase in Na⁺ accumulation in the roots, a decrease in K⁺ uptake and transportation, and finally resulted in suppression of plant growth. AtHKT1;1 loss induced a 39⁻76% (6⁻24 h) decrease and a 27⁻32% (6⁻24 h) increase in transcripts of AtSKOR and AtHAK5, respectively, in the roots compared with WT. At the same time, 25 mM NaCl decreased the net selective transport capacity for K⁺ over Na⁺ by 92% in the athkt1;1 roots compared with the WT roots. Consequently, Na⁺ was loaded into the xylem and delivered to the shoots, whereas K⁺ transport was restricted. The results indicate that AtHKT1;1 and AtSOS1 not only mediate Na⁺ transport but also control ion uptake and the spatial distribution of Na⁺ and K⁺ by cooperatively regulating the expression levels of relevant Na⁺ and K⁺ transporter genes, ultimately regulating plant growth under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China.
| | - Chao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- Institution of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Ai-Ke Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Jin-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Suo-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ali A, Maggio A, Bressan RA, Yun DJ. Role and Functional Differences of HKT1-Type Transporters in Plants under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1059. [PMID: 30823627 PMCID: PMC6429402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses generally cause a series of morphological, biochemical and molecular changes that unfavorably affect plant growth and productivity. Among these stresses, soil salinity is a major threat that can seriously impair crop yield. To cope with the effects of high salinity on plants, it is important to understand the mechanisms that plants use to deal with it, including those activated in response to disturbed Na⁺ and K⁺ homeostasis at cellular and molecular levels. HKT1-type transporters are key determinants of Na⁺ and K⁺ homeostasis under salt stress and they contribute to reduce Na⁺-specific toxicity in plants. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the function of HKT1-type transporters and their importance in different plant species under salt stress. Comparison between HKT1 homologs in different plant species will shed light on different approaches plants may use to cope with salinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Albino Maggio
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita 100, I-80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA.
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Passricha N, Saifi SK, Kharb P, Tuteja N. Marker-free transgenic rice plant overexpressing pea LecRLK imparts salinity tolerance by inhibiting sodium accumulation. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:265-281. [PMID: 30604324 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE PsLecRLK overexpression in rice provides tolerance against salinity stress and cause upregulation of SOS1 pathway genes, which are responsible for extrusion of excess Na+ ion under stress condition. Soil salinity is one of the most devastating factors threatening cultivable land. Rice is a major staple crop and immensely affected by soil salinity. The small genome size of rice relative to wheat and barley, together with its salt sensitivity, makes it an ideal candidate for studies on salt stress response caused by a particular gene. Under stress conditions crosstalk between organelles and cell to cell response is imperative. LecRLK is an important family, which plays a key role under stress conditions and regulates the physiology of the plant. Here we have functionally validated the PsLecRLK gene in rice for salinity stress tolerance and hypothesized the model for its working. Salt stress sensitive rice variety IR64 was used for developing marker-free transgenic with modified binary vector pCAMBIA1300 overexpressing PsLecRLK gene. Comparison of transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants showed better physiological and biochemical results in transgenic lines with a low level of ROS, MDA and ion accumulation and a higher level of proline, relative water content, root/shoot ration, enzymatic activities of ROS scavengers and upregulation of stress-responsive genes. Based on the relative expression of stress-responsive genes and ionic content, the working model highlights the role of PsLecRLK in the extrusion of Na+ ion from the cell. This extrusion of Na+ ion is facilitated by higher expression of SOS1 (Na+/K+ channel) in transgenic plants as compared to WT plants. Altered expression of stress-responsive genes and change in biochemical and physiological properties of the cell suggests an extensive reprogramming of the stress-responsive metabolic pathways by PsLecRLK under stress condition, which could be responsible for the salt tolerance capability.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Death
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cloning, Molecular
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/genetics
- Genes, Plant
- Germination
- Homozygote
- Ions
- Oryza/genetics
- Oryza/metabolism
- Pisum sativum/genetics
- Pisum sativum/metabolism
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/metabolism
- SOS1 Protein/genetics
- SOS1 Protein/metabolism
- Salinity
- Salt Tolerance/genetics
- Salt Tolerance/physiology
- Sodium/metabolism
- Sodium Chloride/metabolism
- Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
- Stress, Physiological/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/genetics
- Up-Regulation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Passricha
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shabnam K Saifi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pushpa Kharb
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhou H, Wang C, Tan T, Cai J, He J, Lin H. Patellin1 Negatively Modulates Salt Tolerance by Regulating PM Na+/H+ Antiport Activity and Cellular Redox Homeostasis in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:1630-1642. [PMID: 29684208 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity significantly represses plant development and growth. Mechanisms involved sodium (Na+) extrusion and compartmentation, intracellular membrane trafficking as well as redox homeostasis regulation play important roles in plant salt tolerance. In this study, we report that Patellin1 (PATL1), a membrane trafficking-related protein, modulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. The T-DNA insertion mutant of PATL1 (patl1) with an elevated PATL1 transcription level displays a salt-sensitive phenotype. PATL1 partially associates with the plasma membrane (PM) and endosomal system, and might participate in regulating membrane trafficking. Interestingly, PATL1 interacts with SOS1, a PM Na+/H+ antiporter in the Salt-Overly-Sensitive (SOS) pathway, and the PM Na+/H+ antiport activity is lower in patl1 than in Col-0. Furthermore, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content is higher in patl1 and the redox signaling of antioxidants is partially disrupted in patl1 under salt stress conditions. Artificial elimination of ROS could partially rescue the salt-sensitive phenotype of patl1. Taken together, our results indicate that PATL1 participates in plant salt tolerance by regulating Na+ transport at least in part via SOS1, and by modulating cellular redox homeostasis during salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huapeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongwu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tinghong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxian He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ali A, Khan IU, Jan M, Khan HA, Hussain S, Nisar M, Chung WS, Yun DJ. The High-Affinity Potassium Transporter EpHKT1;2 From the Extremophile Eutrema parvula Mediates Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1108. [PMID: 30105045 PMCID: PMC6077265 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To survive salt stress, plants must maintain a balance between sodium and potassium ions. High-affinity potassium transporters (HKTs) play a key role in reducing Na+ toxicity through K+ uptake. Eutrema parvula (formerly known as Thellungiella parvula), a halophyte closely related to Arabidopsis, has two HKT1 genes that encode EpHKT1;1 and EpHKT1;2. In response to high salinity, the EpHKT1;2 transcript level increased rapidly; by contrast, the EpHKT1;1 transcript increased more slowly in response to salt treatment. Yeast cells expressing EpHKT1;2 were able to tolerate high concentrations of NaCl, whereas EpHKT1;1-expressing yeast cells remained sensitive to NaCl. Amino acid sequence alignment with other plant HKTs showed that EpHKT1;1 contains an asparagine residue (Asn-213) in the second pore-loop domain, but EpHKT1;2 contains an aspartic acid residue (Asp-205) at the same position. Yeast cells expressing EpHKT1;1, in which Asn-213 was substituted with Asp, were able to tolerate high concentrations of NaCl. In contrast, substitution of Asp-205 by Asn in EpHKT1;2 did not enhance salt tolerance and rather resulted in a similar function to that of AtHKT1 (Na+ influx but no K+ influx), indicating that the presence of Asn or Asp determines the mode of cation selectivity of the HKT1-type transporters. Moreover, Arabidopsis plants (Col-gl) overexpressing EpHKT1;2 showed significantly higher tolerance to salt stress and accumulated less Na+ and more K+ compared to those overexpressing EpHKT1;1 or AtHKT1. Taken together, these results suggest that EpHKT1;2 mediates tolerance to Na+ ion toxicity in E. parvula and is a major contributor to its halophytic nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Irfan Ullah Khan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21plus program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Masood Jan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21plus program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Haris Ali Khan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shah Hussain
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21plus program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Nisar
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Woo Sik Chung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21plus program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wu H, Shabala L, Azzarello E, Huang Y, Pandolfi C, Su N, Wu Q, Cai S, Bazihizina N, Wang L, Zhou M, Mancuso S, Chen Z, Shabala S. Na+ extrusion from the cytosol and tissue-specific Na+ sequestration in roots confer differential salt stress tolerance between durum and bread wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3987-4001. [PMID: 29897491 PMCID: PMC6054258 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The progress in plant breeding for salinity stress tolerance is handicapped by the lack of understanding of the specificity of salt stress signalling and adaptation at the cellular and tissue levels. In this study, we used electrophysiological, fluorescence imaging, and real-time quantitative PCR tools to elucidate the essentiality of the cytosolic Na+ extrusion in functionally different root zones (elongation, meristem, and mature) in a large number of bread and durum wheat accessions. We show that the difference in the root's ability for vacuolar Na+ sequestration in the mature zone may explain differential salinity stress tolerance between salt-sensitive durum and salt-tolerant bread wheat species. Bread wheat genotypes also had on average 30% higher capacity for net Na+ efflux from the root elongation zone, providing the first direct evidence for the essentiality of the root salt exclusion trait at the cellular level. At the same time, cytosolic Na+ accumulation in the root meristem was significantly higher in bread wheat, leading to the suggestion that this tissue may harbour a putative salt sensor. This hypothesis was then tested by investigating patterns of Na+ distribution and the relative expression level of several key genes related to Na+ transport in leaves in plants with intact roots and in those in which the root meristems were removed. We show that tampering with this sensing mechanism has resulted in a salt-sensitive phenotype, largely due to compromising the plant's ability to sequester Na+ in mesophyll cell vacuoles. The implications of these findings for plant breeding for salinity stress tolerance are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Wu
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Lana Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Elisa Azzarello
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Yuqing Huang
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Camilla Pandolfi
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Nana Su
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Qi Wu
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Shengguan Cai
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Nadia Bazihizina
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kaleem F, Shabir G, Aslam K, Rasul S, Manzoor H, Shah SM, Khan AR. An Overview of the Genetics of Plant Response to Salt Stress: Present Status and the Way Forward. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:306-334. [PMID: 29611134 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major threats faced by the modern agriculture today. It causes multidimensional effects on plants. These effects depend upon the plant growth stage, intensity, and duration of the stress. All these lead to stunted growth and reduced yield, ultimately inducing economic loss to the farming community in particular and to the country in general. The soil conditions of agricultural land are deteriorating at an alarming rate. Plants assess the stress conditions, transmit the specific stress signals, and then initiate the response against that stress. A more complete understanding of plant response mechanisms and their practical incorporation in crop improvement is an essential step towards achieving the goal of sustainable agricultural development. Literature survey shows that investigations of plant stresses response mechanism are the focus area of research for plant scientists. Although these efforts lead to reveal different plant response mechanisms against salt stress, yet many questions still need to be answered to get a clear picture of plant strategy to cope with salt stress. Moreover, these studies have indicated the presence of a complicated network of different integrated pathways. In order to work in a progressive way, a review of current knowledge is critical. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of our understanding of plant response to salt stress and to indicate some important yet unexplored dynamics to improve our knowledge that could ultimately lead towards crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Kaleem
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Shabir
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Aslam
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Rasul
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Manzoor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Masood Shah
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman Khan
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhou A, Liu E, Ma H, Feng S, Gong S, Wang J. NaCl-induced expression of AtVHA-c5 gene in the roots plays a role in response of Arabidopsis to salt stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:443-452. [PMID: 29307003 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Suppression of AtVHA-c5 expression results in changes in H+ and Na+ fluxes of roots, and increase sensitivity to salt in Arabidopsis. Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit endomembrane proton pump, is essential in plant growth and response to environmental stresses. In the present study, the function of Arabidopsis V-ATPase subunit c5 (AtVHA-c5) gene in response to salt stress was investigated. Subcellular localization showed that AtVHA-c5 was mainly localized to endosomes and the vacuolar membrane in Arabidopsis. The analysis of quantitative real-time PCR showed that expression of AtVHA-c5 gene was induced by NaCl stress. Histochemical analysis revealed that AtVHA-c5 was expressed in the root epidermis of untreated Arabidopsis and in the whole root elongation zone after NaCl treatment. Phenotypic analysis showed that the atvha-c5 mutant is sensitive to high NaCl as compared to the wild type. The non-invasive micro-test technology measurement demonstrated that the net H+ and Na+ efflux in the root elongation zone of the atvha-c5 mutant was weaker than that of the wild type under NaCl treatment, suggesting that H+ and Na+ fluxes in atvha-c5 roots are impaired under NaCl stress. Moreover, compared to the wild type, the expression of AtSOS1 (salt overly sensitive 1) and AtAHA1 (plasma membrane H+-ATPase 1) were down-regulated in atvha-c5 roots under NaCl stress. Overall, our results indicate that AtVHA-c5 plays a role in Arabidopsis root response to NaCl stress by influencing H+ and Na+ fluxes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Enhui Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hongping Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shuang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shufang Gong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Jingang Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Numan M, Bashir S, Khan Y, Mumtaz R, Shinwari ZK, Khan AL, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Plant growth promoting bacteria as an alternative strategy for salt tolerance in plants: A review. Microbiol Res 2018; 209:21-32. [PMID: 29580619 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 5.2 billion hectare agriculture land are affected by erosion, salinity and soil degradation. Salinity stress has significantly affecting the fertile lands, and therefore possesses a huge impact on the agriculture and economy of a country. Salt stress has severe effects on the growth and development of plants as well as reducing its yield. Plants are inherently equipped with stress tolerance ability to responds the specific type of stress. Plants retained specific mechanisms for salt stress mitigation, such as hormonal stimulation, ion exchange, antioxidant enzymes and activation of signaling cascades on their metabolic and genetic frontiers that sooth the stressed condition. Additional to the plant inherent mechanisms, certain plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) also have specialized mechanism that play key role for salt stress tolerance and plant growth promotion. These bacteria triggers plants to produce different plant growth hormones like auxin, cytokinine and gibberellin as well as volatile organic compounds. These bacteria also produces growth regulators like siderophore, which fix nitrogen, solubilize organic and inorganic phosphate. Considering the importance of PGPB in compensation of salt tolerance in plants, the present study has reviewed the different aspect and mechanism of bacteria that play key role in promoting plants growth and yield. It can be concluded that PGPB can be used as a cost effective and economical tool for salinity tolerance and growth promotion in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Numan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan; UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkatal Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman.
| | - Samina Bashir
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Yasmin Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Roqayya Mumtaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- Qarshi Research International and Vice Chancellor of Qarshi University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkatal Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkatal Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkatal Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Khaleda L, Park HJ, Yun DJ, Jeon JR, Kim MG, Cha JY, Kim WY. Humic Acid Confers HIGH-AFFINITY K+ TRANSPORTER 1-Mediated Salinity Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Mol Cells 2017; 40:966-975. [PMID: 29276942 PMCID: PMC5750715 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive salt disrupts intracellular ion homeostasis and inhibits plant growth, which poses a serious threat to global food security. Plants have adapted various strategies to survive in unfavorable saline soil conditions. Here, we show that humic acid (HA) is a good soil amendment that can be used to help overcome salinity stress because it markedly reduces the adverse effects of salinity on Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. To identify the molecular mechanisms of HA-induced salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis, we examined possible roles of a sodium influx transporter HIGH-AFFINITY K+ TRANSPORTER 1 (HKT1). Salt-induced root growth inhibition in HKT1 overexpressor transgenic plants (HKT1-OX) was rescued by application of HA, but not in wild-type and other plants. Moreover, salt-induced degradation of HKT1 protein was blocked by HA treatment. In addition, the application of HA to HKT1-OX seedlings led to increased distribution of Na+ in roots up to the elongation zone and caused the reabsorption of Na+ by xylem and parenchyma cells. Both the influx of the secondary messenger calcium and its cytosolic release appear to function in the destabilization of HKT1 protein under salt stress. Taken together, these results suggest that HA could be applied to the field to enhance plant growth and salt stress tolerance via post-transcriptional control of the HKT1 transporter gene under saline conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laila Khaleda
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Life Sciences (RILS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Hee Jin Park
- Institute of Glocal Disease Control, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Jong-Rok Jeon
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry and Food Science & Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Min Gab Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Joon-Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Life Sciences (RILS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Woe-Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Research Institute of Life Sciences (RILS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry and Food Science & Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Falakboland Z, Zhou M, Zeng F, Kiani-Pouya A, Shabala L, Shabala S. Plant ionic relation and whole-plant physiological responses to waterlogging, salinity and their combination in barley. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2017; 44:941-953. [PMID: 32480622 DOI: 10.1071/fp16385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging and salinity stresses significantly affect crop growth and global food production, and these stresses are often interrelated because waterlogging can lead to land salinisation by transporting salts to the surface. Although the physiological and molecular mechanisms of plant responses to each of these environmental constraints have been studied in detail, fewer studies have dealt with potential mechanisms underlying plant tolerance to the combined stress. This gap in knowledge is jeopardising the success of breeding programs. In the present work we studied the physiological and agronomical responses of 12 barley varieties contrasting in salinity stress tolerance to waterlogging (WL), salinity (NaCl) and combined (WL/NaCl) stresses. Stress damage symptoms were much greater in plants under combined WL/NaCl stress than those under separate stresses. The shoot biomass, chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII and shoot K+ concentration were significantly reduced under WL/NaCl conditions, whereas shoot Na+ concentration increased. Plants exposed to salinity stress showed lower damage indexes compared with WL. Chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm value showed the highest correlation with the stress damage index under WL/NaCl conditions (r=-0.751) compared with other measured physiological traits, so was nominated as a good parameter to rank the tolerance of varieties. Average FW was reduced to 73±2, 52±1 and 23±2 percent of the control under NaCl, WL and combined WL/NaCl treatments respectively. Generally, the adverse effect of WL/NaCl stress was much greater in salt-sensitive varieties than in more tolerant varieties. Na+ concentrations of the shoot under control conditions were 97±10µmolg-1 DW, and increased to 1519±123, 179±11 and 2733±248µmolg-1 under NaCl, WL and combined WL/NaCl stresses respectively. K+ concentrations were 1378±66, 1260±74, 1270±79 and 411±92µmolg-1 DW under control, NaCl, WL and combined WL/NaCl stresses respectively. No significant correlation was found between the overall salinity stress tolerance and amount of Na+ accumulated in plant shoots after 15 days of exposure to 250mM NaCl stress. However, plants exposed to combined salinity and WL stress showed a negative correlation between shoot Na+ accumulation and extent of salinity damage. Overall, the reported results indicate that K+ reduction in the plants under combined WL/NaCl stress, but not stress-induced Na+ accumulation in the shoot, was the most critical feature in determining the overall plant performance under combined stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhinous Falakboland
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
| | - Ali Kiani-Pouya
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
| | - Lana Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Assaha DVM, Ueda A, Saneoka H, Al-Yahyai R, Yaish MW. The Role of Na + and K + Transporters in Salt Stress Adaptation in Glycophytes. Front Physiol 2017; 8:509. [PMID: 28769821 PMCID: PMC5513949 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic stress is one of the most important components of salinity and is brought about by excess Na+ accumulation, especially in the aerial parts of plants. Since Na+ interferes with K+ homeostasis, and especially given its involvement in numerous metabolic processes, maintaining a balanced cytosolic Na+/K+ ratio has become a key salinity tolerance mechanism. Achieving this homeostatic balance requires the activity of Na+ and K+ transporters and/or channels. The mechanism of Na+ and K+ uptake and translocation in glycophytes and halophytes is essentially the same, but glycophytes are more susceptible to ionic stress than halophytes. The transport mechanisms involve Na+ and/or K+ transporters and channels as well as non-selective cation channels. Thus, the question arises of whether the difference in salt tolerance between glycophytes and halophytes could be the result of differences in the proteins or in the expression of genes coding the transporters. The aim of this review is to seek answers to this question by examining the role of major Na+ and K+ transporters and channels in Na+ and K+ uptake, translocation and intracellular homeostasis in glycophytes. It turns out that these transporters and channels are equally important for the adaptation of glycophytes as they are for halophytes, but differential gene expression, structural differences in the proteins (single nucleotide substitutions, impacting affinity) and post-translational modifications (phosphorylation) account for the differences in their activity and hence the differences in tolerance between the two groups. Furthermore, lack of the ability to maintain stable plasma membrane (PM) potentials following Na+-induced depolarization is also crucial for salt stress tolerance. This stable membrane potential is sustained by the activity of Na+/H+ antiporters such as SOS1 at the PM. Moreover, novel regulators of Na+ and K+ transport pathways including the Nax1 and Nax2 loci regulation of SOS1 expression and activity in the stele, and haem oxygenase involvement in stabilizing membrane potential by activating H+-ATPase activity, favorable for K+ uptake through HAK/AKT1, have been shown and are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dekoum V. M. Assaha
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat, Oman
| | - Akihiro Ueda
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshima, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Saneoka
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshima, Japan
| | - Rashid Al-Yahyai
- Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat, Oman
| | - Mahmoud W. Yaish
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat, Oman
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen Z, Xie Y, Gu Q, Zhao G, Zhang Y, Cui W, Xu S, Wang R, Shen W. The AtrbohF-dependent regulation of ROS signaling is required for melatonin-induced salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:465-477. [PMID: 28412199 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although several literatures confirmed the beneficial roles of exogenous melatonin in the enhancement of salinity tolerance in plants, whether or how endogenous melatonin confers plant salinity tolerance is still elusive. In the report, we observed impaired melatonin level and salinity hypersensitivity in atsnat, the Arabidopsis melatonin synthesis mutant. Above hypersensitivity was rescued by melatonin or hydrogen peroxide. Meanwhile, melatonin-mediated salt tolerance in wild-type was abolished by an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, suggesting the possible role of NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS). Genetic evidence further showed that the rapid stimulated RbohF transcripts and production of ROS elicited by melatonin in stressed wild-type plants were largely abolished by the mutation of AtrbohF. Meanwhile, salinity sensitivity of atrbohF mutant was not altered by melatonin, which was consistent with the higher Na+ content and the resulting greater Na+/K+ ratio, compared with those in wild-type plants. Further changes of SOS1, SOS2, and SOS3 transcripts suggested that the melatonin-triggered SOS-mediated Na+ efflux might be mediated by AtrbohF-dependent ROS. The addition of melatonin could intensify the increased antioxidant defence in stressed wild-type but not in atrbohF mutant, both of which were confirmed by the histochemical staining for ROS production and lipid peroxidation during the later period of stress. Collectively, our genetic and molecular evidence revealed that the AtrbohF-dependent ROS signaling is required for melatonin-induced salinity tolerance via the reestablishment of ion and redox homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiti Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbiao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Álvarez-Aragón R, Rodríguez-Navarro A. Nitrate-dependent shoot sodium accumulation and osmotic functions of sodium in Arabidopsis under saline conditions. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 91:208-219. [PMID: 28370621 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Improving crop plants to be productive in saline soils or under irrigation with saline water would be an important technological advance in overcoming the food and freshwater crises that threaten the world population. However, even if the transformation of a glycophyte into a plant that thrives under seawater irrigation was biologically feasible, current knowledge about Na+ effects would be insufficient to support this technical advance. Intriguingly, crucial details about Na+ uptake and its function in the plant have not yet been well established. We here propose that under saline conditions two nitrate-dependent transport systems in series that take up and load Na+ into the xylem constitute the major pathway for the accumulation of Na+ in Arabidopsis shoots; this pathway can also function with chloride at high concentrations. In nrt1.1 nitrate transport mutants, plant Na+ accumulation was partially defective, which suggests that NRT1.1 either partially mediates or modulates the nitrate-dependent Na+ transport. Arabidopsis plants exposed to an osmotic potential of -1.0 MPa (400 mOsm) for 24 h showed high water loss and wilting in sorbitol or Na/MES, where Na+ could not be accumulated. In contrast, in NaCl the plants that accumulated Na+ lost a low amount of water, and only suffered transitory wilting. We discuss that in Arabidopsis plants exposed to high NaCl concentrations, root Na+ uptake and tissue accumulation fulfil the primary function of osmotic adjustment, even if these processes lead to long-term toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Álvarez-Aragón
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alonso Rodríguez-Navarro
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Behr JH, Bouchereau A, Berardocco S, Seal CE, Flowers TJ, Zörb C. Metabolic and physiological adjustment of Suaeda maritima to combined salinity and hypoxia. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2017; 119:965-976. [PMID: 28110268 PMCID: PMC5604547 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Suaeda maritima is a halophyte commonly found on coastal wetlands in the intertidal zone. Due to its habitat S. maritima has evolved tolerance to high salt concentrations and hypoxic conditions in the soil caused by periodic flooding. In the present work, the adaptive mechanisms of S. maritima to salinity combined with hypoxia were investigated on a physiological and metabolic level. Methods To compare the adaptive mechanisms to deficient, optimal and stressful salt concentrations, S. maritima plants were grown in a hydroponic culture under low, medium and high salt concentrations. Additionally, hypoxic conditions were applied to investigate the impact of hypoxia combined with different salt concentrations. A non-targeted metabolic approach was used to clarify the biochemical pathways underlying the metabolic and physiological adaptation mechanisms of S. maritima . Key Results Roots exposed to hypoxic conditions showed an increased level of tricarboxylic acid (TCA)-cycle intermediates such as succinate, malate and citrate. During hypoxia, the concentration of free amino acids increased in shoots and roots. Osmoprotectants such as proline and glycine betaine increased in concentrations as the external salinity was increased under hypoxic conditions. Conclusions The combination of high salinity and hypoxia caused an ionic imbalance and an increase of metabolites associated with osmotic stress and photorespiration, indicating a severe physiological and metabolic response under these conditions. Disturbed proline degradation in the roots induced an enhanced proline accumulation under hypoxia. The enhanced alanine fermentation combined with a partial flux of the TCA cycle might contribute to the tolerance of S. maritima to hypoxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- UMR1349 INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | - Solenne Berardocco
- UMR1349 INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | - Charlotte E. Seal
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, West Sussex RH17 6TN, UK
| | - Timothy J. Flowers
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN7 1BD, UK
- School of Plant Biology (M084), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Christian Zörb
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Crop Science, Quality of Plant Products, Emil-Wolff-Str. 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Miranda RDS, Mesquita RO, Costa JH, Alvarez-Pizarro JC, Prisco JT, Gomes-Filho E. Integrative Control Between Proton Pumps and SOS1 Antiporters in Roots is Crucial for Maintaining Low Na+ Accumulation and Salt Tolerance in Ammonium-Supplied Sorghum bicolor. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:522-536. [PMID: 28158828 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An effective strategy for re-establishing K+ and Na+ homeostasis is a challenge for the improvement of plant performance in saline soil. Specifically, attempts to understand the mechanisms of Na+ extrusion from plant cells, the control of Na+ loading in the xylem and the partitioning of the accumulated Na+ between different plant organs are ongoing. Our goal was to provide insight into how an external nitrogen source affects Na+ accumulation in Sorghum bicolor under saline conditions. The NH4+ supply improved the salt tolerance of the plant by restricting Na+ accumulation and improving the K+/Na+ homeostasis in shoots, which was consistent with the high activity and expression of Na+/H+ antiporters and proton pumps in the plasma membrane and vacuoles in the roots, resulting in low Na+ loading in the xylem. Conversely, although NO3--grown plants had exclusion and sequestration mechanisms for Na+, these responses were not sufficient to reduce Na+ accumulation. In conclusion, NH4+ acts as an efficient signal to activate co-ordinately responses involved in the regulation of Na+ homeostasis in sorghum plants under salt stress, which leads to salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Souza Miranda
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Salinidade (INCTSal/CNPq), Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60440-554, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - José Hélio Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Salinidade (INCTSal/CNPq), Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60440-554, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Alvarez-Pizarro
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Cariri, 63133-610, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Tarquinio Prisco
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Salinidade (INCTSal/CNPq), Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60440-554, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Enéas Gomes-Filho
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Salinidade (INCTSal/CNPq), Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60440-554, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Garriga M, Raddatz N, Véry AA, Sentenac H, Rubio-Meléndez ME, González W, Dreyer I. Cloning and functional characterization of HKT1 and AKT1 genes of Fragaria spp.-Relationship to plant response to salt stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 210:9-17. [PMID: 28039842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Commercial strawberry, Fragaria x ananassa Duch., is a species sensitive to salinity. Under saline conditions, Na+ uptake by the plant is increased, while K+ uptake is significantly reduced. Maintaining an adequate K+/Na+ cytosolic ratio determines the ability of the plant to survive in saline environments. The goal of the present work was to clone and functionally characterize the genes AKT1 and HKT1 involved in K+ and Na+ transport in strawberry and to determine the relationship of these genes with the responses of three Fragaria spp. genotypes having different ecological adaptations to salt stress. FaHKT1 and FcHKT1 proteins from F. x ananassa and F. chiloensis have 98.1% of identity, while FaAKT1 and FcAKT1 identity is 99.7%. FaHKT1 and FaAKT1 from F. x ananassa, were functionally characterized in Xenopus oocytes. FaHKT1, belongs to the group I of HKT transporters and is selective for Na+. Expression of FaAKT1 in oocytes showed that the protein is a typical inward-rectifying and highly K+-selective channel. The relative expression of Fragaria HKT1 and AKT1 genes was studied in roots of F. x ananassa cv. Camarosa and of F. chiloensis (accessions Bau and Cucao) grown under salt stress. The expression of AKT1 was transiently increased in 'Camarosa', decreased in 'Cucao' and was not affected in 'Bau' upon salt stress. HKT1 expression was significantly increased in roots of 'Cucao' and was not affected in the other two genotypes. The increased relative expression of HKT1 and decreased expression of AKT1 in 'Cucao' roots correlates with the higher tolerance to salinity of this genotype in comparison with 'Camarosa' and 'Bau'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Garriga
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile.
| | - Natalia Raddatz
- Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Aliénor Véry
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004, ENSA.M INRA CNRS UMII, 34060 Montpellier, Cedex 2, France
| | - Hervé Sentenac
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004, ENSA.M INRA CNRS UMII, 34060 Montpellier, Cedex 2, France
| | - María E Rubio-Meléndez
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Wendy González
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Luo L, Zhang P, Zhu R, Fu J, Su J, Zheng J, Wang Z, Wang D, Gong Q. Autophagy Is Rapidly Induced by Salt Stress and Is Required for Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1459. [PMID: 28878796 PMCID: PMC5572379 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress challenges agriculture and food security globally. Upon salt stress, plant growth slows down, nutrients are recycled, osmolytes are produced, and reallocation of Na+ takes place. Since autophagy is a high-throughput degradation pathway that contributes to nutrient remobilization in plants, we explored the involvement of autophagic flux in salt stress response of Arabidopsis with various approaches. Confocal microscopy of GFP-ATG8a in transgenic Arabidopsis showed that autophagosome formation is induced shortly after salt treatment. Immunoblotting of ATG8s and the autophagy receptor NBR1 confirmed that the level of autophagy peaks within 30 min of salt stress, and then settles to a new homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Such an induction is absent in mutants defective in autophagy. Within 3 h of salt treatment, accumulation of oxidized proteins is alleviated in the wild-type; however, such a reduction is not seen in atg2 or atg7. Consistently, the Arabidopsis atg mutants are hypersensitive to both salt and osmotic stresses, and plants overexpressing ATG8 perform better than the wild-type in germination assays. Quantification of compatible osmolytes further confirmed that the autophagic flux contributes to salt stress adaptation. Imaging of intracellular Na+ revealed that autophagy is required for Na+ sequestration in the central vacuole of root cortex cells following salt treatment. These data suggest that rapid protein turnover through autophagy is a prerequisite for salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dan Wang
- *Correspondence: Dan Wang, Qingqiu Gong,
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhou Y, Lai Z, Yin X, Yu S, Xu Y, Wang X, Cong X, Luo Y, Xu H, Jiang X. Hyperactive mutant of a wheat plasma membrane Na +/H + antiporter improves the growth and salt tolerance of transgenic tobacco. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 253:176-186. [PMID: 27968986 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Wheat SOS1 (TaSOS1) activity could be relieved upon deletion of the C-terminal 168 residues (the auto-inhibitory domain). This truncated form of wheat SOS1 (TaSOS1-974) was shown to increase compensation (compared to wild-type TaSOS1) for the salt sensitivity of a yeast mutant strain, AXT3K, via increased Na+ transportation out of cells during salinity stress. Expression of the plasma membrane proteins TaSOS1-974 or TaSOS1 improved the growth of transgenic tobacco plants compared with wild-type plants under normal conditions. However, plants expressing TaSOS1-974 grew better than TaSOS1-transformed plants. Upon salinity stress, Na+ efflux and K+ influx rates in the roots of transgenic plants expressing TaSOS1-974 or TaSOS1 were greater than those of wild-type plants. Furthermore, compared to TaSOS1-transgenic plants, TaSOS1-974-expressing roots showed faster Na+ efflux and K+ influx, resulting in less Na+ and more K+ accumulation in TaSOS1-974-transgenic plants compared to TaSOS1-transgenic and wild-type plants. TaSOS1-974-expressing plants had the lowest MDA content and electrolyte leakage among all tested plants, indicating that TaSOS1-974 might protect the plasma membrane against oxidative damage generated by salt stress. Overall, TaSOS1-974 conferred higher salt tolerance in transgenic plants compared to TaSOS1. Consistent with this result, transgenic plants expressing TaSOS1-974 showed a better growth performance than TaSOS1-expressing and wild-type plants under saline conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources/College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zesen Lai
- National Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources/College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaochang Yin
- National Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources/College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shan Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources/College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xinli Cong
- National Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources/College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuehua Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources/College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- National Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources/College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Peng Z, He S, Sun J, Pan Z, Gong W, Lu Y, Du X. Na + compartmentalization related to salinity stress tolerance in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seedlings. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34548. [PMID: 27698468 PMCID: PMC5048304 DOI: 10.1038/srep34548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity for ion compartmentalization among different tissues and cells is the key mechanism regulating salt tolerance in plants. In this study, we investigated the ion compartmentalization capacity of two upland cotton genotypes with different salt tolerances under salt shock at the tissue, cell and molecular levels. We found that the leaf glandular trichome could secrete more salt ions in the salt-tolerant genotype than in the sensitive genotype, demonstrating the excretion of ions from tissue may be a new mechanism to respond to short-term salt shock. Furthermore, an investigation of the ion distribution demonstrated that the ion content was significantly lower in critical tissues and cells of the salt-tolerant genotype, indicating the salt-tolerant genotype had a greater capacity for ion compartmentalization in the shoot. By comparing the membrane H+-ATPase activity and the expression of ion transportation-related genes, we found that the H+-ATPase activity and Na+/H+ antiporter are the key factors determining the capacity for ion compartmentalization in leaves, which might further determine the salt tolerance of cotton. The novel function of the glandular trichome and the comparison of Na+ compartmentalization between two cotton genotypes with contrasting salt tolerances provide a new understanding of the salt tolerance mechanism in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China.,Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in the Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan 611130 China
| | - Shoupu He
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Junling Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Zhaoe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Wenfang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| | - Yanli Lu
- Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in the Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang, Sichuan 611130 China
| | - Xiongming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan 455000 China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Baetz U, Eisenach C, Tohge T, Martinoia E, De Angeli A. Vacuolar Chloride Fluxes Impact Ion Content and Distribution during Early Salinity Stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:1167-1181. [PMID: 27503602 PMCID: PMC5047071 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control the cytoplasmic environment is a prerequisite for plants to cope with changing environmental conditions. During salt stress, for instance, Na+ and Cl- are sequestered into the vacuole to help maintain cytosolic ion homeostasis and avoid cellular damage. It has been observed that vacuolar ion uptake is tied to fluxes across the plasma membrane. The coordination of both transport processes and relative contribution to plant adaptation, however, is still poorly understood. To investigate the link between vacuolar anion uptake and whole-plant ion distribution during salinity, we used mutants of the only vacuolar Cl- channel described to date: the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ALMT9. After 24-h NaCl treatment, almt9 knock-out mutants had reduced shoot accumulation of both Cl- and Na+ In contrast, almt9 plants complemented with a mutant variant of ALMT9 that exhibits enhanced channel activity showed higher Cl- and Na+ accumulation. The altered shoot ion contents were not based on differences in transpiration, pointing to a vacuolar function in regulating xylem loading during salinity. In line with this finding, GUS staining demonstrated that ALMT9 is highly expressed in the vasculature of shoots and roots. RNA-seq analysis of almt9 mutants under salinity revealed specific expression profiles of transporters involved in long-distance ion translocation. Taken together, our study uncovers that the capacity of vacuolar Cl- loading in vascular cells plays a crucial role in controlling whole-plant ion movement rapidly after onset of salinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Baetz
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (U.B., C.E., E.M.);Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (T.T.); and Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (A.D.A.)
| | - Cornelia Eisenach
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (U.B., C.E., E.M.);Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (T.T.); and Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (A.D.A.)
| | - Takayuki Tohge
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (U.B., C.E., E.M.);Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (T.T.); and Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (A.D.A.)
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (U.B., C.E., E.M.);Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (T.T.); and Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (A.D.A.)
| | - Alexis De Angeli
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (U.B., C.E., E.M.);Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (T.T.); and Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (A.D.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ali A, Raddatz N, Aman R, Kim S, Park HC, Jan M, Baek D, Khan IU, Oh DH, Lee SY, Bressan RA, Lee KW, Maggio A, Pardo JM, Bohnert HJ, Yun DJ. A Single Amino-Acid Substitution in the Sodium Transporter HKT1 Associated with Plant Salt Tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:2112-26. [PMID: 27208305 PMCID: PMC4936583 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A crucial prerequisite for plant growth and survival is the maintenance of potassium uptake, especially when high sodium surrounds the root zone. The Arabidopsis HIGH-AFFINITY K(+) TRANSPORTER1 (HKT1), and its homologs in other salt-sensitive dicots, contributes to salinity tolerance by removing Na(+) from the transpiration stream. However, TsHKT1;2, one of three HKT1 copies in Thellungiella salsuginea, a halophytic Arabidopsis relative, acts as a K(+) transporter in the presence of Na(+) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Amino-acid sequence comparisons indicated differences between TsHKT1;2 and most other published HKT1 sequences with respect to an Asp residue (D207) in the second pore-loop domain. Two additional T salsuginea and most other HKT1 sequences contain Asn (n) in this position. Wild-type TsHKT1;2 and altered AtHKT1 (AtHKT1(N-D)) complemented K(+)-uptake deficiency of yeast cells. Mutant hkt1-1 plants complemented with both AtHKT1(N) (-) (D) and TsHKT1;2 showed higher tolerance to salt stress than lines complemented by the wild-type AtHKT1 Electrophysiological analysis in Xenopus laevis oocytes confirmed the functional properties of these transporters and the differential selectivity for Na(+) and K(+) based on the n/d variance in the pore region. This change also dictated inward-rectification for Na(+) transport. Thus, the introduction of Asp, replacing Asn, in HKT1-type transporters established altered cation selectivity and uptake dynamics. We describe one way, based on a single change in a crucial protein that enabled some crucifer species to acquire improved salt tolerance, which over evolutionary time may have resulted in further changes that ultimately facilitated colonization of saline habitats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Natalia Raddatz
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Rashid Aman
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Songmi Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Hyeong Cheol Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Masood Jan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Dongwon Baek
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Irfan Ullah Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Dong-Ha Oh
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Albino Maggio
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Jose M Pardo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Hans J Bohnert
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea (A.A., R.A., S.K., M.J., D.B., I.U.K., S.Y.L., K.W.L., H.J.B., D.-J.Y.); Plant Biophysics, Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Carretera M-40, km 37.7, E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid (N.R.);Division of Ecological Adaptation Research, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea (H.C.P.); Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (D.-H.O.);Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 (R.A.B.);Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita` 100, Portici, I-80055, Italy (A.M.);Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain (J.M.P.); College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, KSA (H.J.B.); and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (H.J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Park HJ, Kim WY, Yun DJ. A New Insight of Salt Stress Signaling in Plant. Mol Cells 2016; 39:447-59. [PMID: 27239814 PMCID: PMC4916396 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been conducted to understand plant stress responses to salinity because irrigation-dependent salt accumulation compromises crop productivity and also to understand the mechanism through which some plants thrive under saline conditions. As mechanistic understanding has increased during the last decades, discovery-oriented approaches have begun to identify genetic determinants of salt tolerance. In addition to osmolytes, osmoprotectants, radical detoxification, ion transport systems, and changes in hormone levels and hormone-guided communications, the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway has emerged to be a major defense mechanism. However, the mechanism by which the components of the SOS pathway are integrated to ultimately orchestrate plant-wide tolerance to salinity stress remains unclear. A higher-level control mechanism has recently emerged as a result of recognizing the involvement of GIGANTEA (GI), a protein involved in maintaining the plant circadian clock and control switch in flowering. The loss of GI function confers high tolerance to salt stress via its interaction with the components of the SOS pathway. The mechanism underlying this observation indicates the association between GI and the SOS pathway and thus, given the key influence of the circadian clock and the pathway on photoperiodic flowering, the association between GI and SOS can regulate growth and stress tolerance. In this review, we will analyze the components of the SOS pathways, with emphasis on the integration of components recognized as hallmarks of a halophytic lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Woe-Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Jinju 52828,
Korea
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|