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Wickramasinghe KP, Kong CY, Lin XQ, Zhao PF, Mehdi F, Li XJ, Liu XL, Mao J, Lu X. Photoperiodic and lighting treatments for flowering control and its genetic regulation in sugarcane breeding. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28531. [PMID: 38586380 PMCID: PMC10998108 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Improvement of sugarcane is hampered due to its narrow genetic base, and the difficulty in synchronizing flowering further hinders the exploitation of the genetic potential of available germplasm resources. Therefore, the continuous evaluation and optimization of flowering control and induction techniques are vital for sugarcane improvement. In view of this, the review was conducted to investigate the current understanding of photoperiodic and lighting treatment effects on sugarcane flowering and its genetic regulation. Photoperiod facilities have made a significant contribution to flowering control in sugarcane; however, inductive photoperiods are still unknown for some genotypes, and some intended crosses are still impossible to produce because of unresponsive varieties. The effectiveness of lower red/far-red ratios in promoting sugarcane flowering has been widely understood. Furthermore, there is vast potential for utilizing blue, red, and far-red light wavelengths in the flowering control of sugarcane. In this context, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) remain efficient sources of light. Therefore, the combined use of photoperiod regimes with different light wavelengths and optimization of such treatment combinations might help to control and induce flowering in sugarcane parental clones. In sugarcane, FLOWERING LOCUS T (ScFT) orthologues from ScFT1 to ScFT13 have been identified, and interestingly, ScFT3 has evidently been identified as a floral inducer in sugarcane. However, independent assessments of different FT-like gene family members are recommended to comprehensively understand their role in the regulation of flowering. Similarly, we believe this review provides substantial information that is vital for the manipulation of flowering and exploitation of germplasm resources in sugarcane breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Priyananda Wickramasinghe
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Uda Walawa, 70190, Sri Lanka
| | - Chun-yan Kong
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiu-qin Lin
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Pei-fang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Faisal Mehdi
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Xu-juan Li
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin-long Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Mao
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
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Dwivedi SL, Quiroz LF, Spillane C, Wu R, Mattoo AK, Ortiz R. Unlocking allelic variation in circadian clock genes to develop environmentally robust and productive crops. PLANTA 2024; 259:72. [PMID: 38386103 PMCID: PMC10884192 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Molecular mechanisms of biological rhythms provide opportunities to harness functional allelic diversity in core (and trait- or stress-responsive) oscillator networks to develop more climate-resilient and productive germplasm. The circadian clock senses light and temperature in day-night cycles to drive biological rhythms. The clock integrates endogenous signals and exogenous stimuli to coordinate diverse physiological processes. Advances in high-throughput non-invasive assays, use of forward- and inverse-genetic approaches, and powerful algorithms are allowing quantitation of variation and detection of genes associated with circadian dynamics. Circadian rhythms and phytohormone pathways in response to endogenous and exogenous cues have been well documented the model plant Arabidopsis. Novel allelic variation associated with circadian rhythms facilitates adaptation and range expansion, and may provide additional opportunity to tailor climate-resilient crops. The circadian phase and period can determine adaptation to environments, while the robustness in the circadian amplitude can enhance resilience to environmental changes. Circadian rhythms in plants are tightly controlled by multiple and interlocked transcriptional-translational feedback loops involving morning (CCA1, LHY), mid-day (PRR9, PRR7, PRR5), and evening (TOC1, ELF3, ELF4, LUX) genes that maintain the plant circadian clock ticking. Significant progress has been made to unravel the functions of circadian rhythms and clock genes that regulate traits, via interaction with phytohormones and trait-responsive genes, in diverse crops. Altered circadian rhythms and clock genes may contribute to hybrid vigor as shown in Arabidopsis, maize, and rice. Modifying circadian rhythms via transgenesis or genome-editing may provide additional opportunities to develop crops with better buffering capacity to environmental stresses. Models that involve clock gene‒phytohormone‒trait interactions can provide novel insights to orchestrate circadian rhythms and modulate clock genes to facilitate breeding of all season crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Felipe Quiroz
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 REW4, Ireland
| | - Charles Spillane
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 REW4, Ireland.
| | - Rongling Wu
- Beijing Yanqi Lake Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Autar K Mattoo
- USDA-ARS, Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA
| | - Rodomiro Ortiz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvagen, 10, Box 190, SE 23422, Lomma, Sweden.
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Jang J, Lee S, Kim JI, Lee S, Kim JA. The Roles of Circadian Clock Genes in Plant Temperature Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:918. [PMID: 38255990 PMCID: PMC10815334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants monitor day length and memorize changes in temperature signals throughout the day, creating circadian rhythms that support the timely control of physiological and metabolic processes. The DEHYDRATION-RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN 1/C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (DREB1/CBF) transcription factors are known as master regulators for the acquisition of cold stress tolerance, whereas PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) is involved in plant adaptation to heat stress through thermomorphogenesis. Recent studies have shown that circadian clock genes control plant responses to temperature. Temperature-responsive transcriptomes show a diurnal cycle and peak expression levels at specific times of throughout the day. Circadian clock genes play essential roles in allowing plants to maintain homeostasis by accommodating temperature changes within the normal temperature range or by altering protein properties and morphogenesis at the cellular level for plant survival and growth under temperature stress conditions. Recent studies revealed that the central oscillator genes CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1/LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (CCA1/LHY) and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR5/7/9 (PRR5/7/9), as well as the EVENING COMPLEX (EC) genes REVEILLE4/REVEILLE8 (REV4/REV8), were involved in the DREB1 pathway of the cold signaling transcription factor and regulated the thermomorphogenesis gene PIF4. Further studies showed that another central oscillator, TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (TOC1), and the regulatory protein ZEITLUPE (ZTL) are also involved. These studies led to attempts to utilize circadian clock genes for the acquisition of temperature-stress resistance in crops. In this review, we highlight circadian rhythm regulation and the clock genes involved in plant responses to temperature changes, as well as strategies for plant survival in a rapidly changing global climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juna Jang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sora Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Jeong-Il Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sichul Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Jin A. Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
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Xu H, Zuo Y, Wei J, Wang L. The Circadian Clock Coordinates the Tradeoff between Adaptation to Abiotic Stresses and Yield in Crops. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1364. [PMID: 37997963 PMCID: PMC10669628 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a circadian clock to adapt to ever-changing diel and seasonal environmental conditions. The circadian clock is generally considered an internal system that has evolved to adapt to cyclic environmental cues, especially diel light and temperature changes, which is essential for higher plants as they are sessile organisms. This system receives environmental signals as input pathways which are integrated by circadian core oscillators to synchronize numerous output pathways, such as photosynthesis, the abiotic stress response, metabolism, and development. Extreme temperatures, salinity, and drought stresses cause huge crop losses worldwide, imposing severe pressure on areas of agricultural land. In crop production, the circadian system plays a significant role in determining flowering time and responding to external abiotic stresses. Extensive studies over the last two decades have revealed that the circadian clock can help balance the tradeoff between crop yield-related agronomic traits and adaptation to stress. Herein, we focus on summarizing how the circadian clock coordinates abiotic stress responses and crop yield. We also propose that there might be an urgent need to better utilize circadian biology in the future design of crop breeding to achieve high yields under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jian Wei
- Center of Soybean, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-Tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
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5
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Alvarez MA, Li C, Lin H, Joe A, Padilla M, Woods DP, Dubcovsky J. EARLY FLOWERING 3 interactions with PHYTOCHROME B and PHOTOPERIOD1 are critical for the photoperiodic regulation of wheat heading time. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010655. [PMID: 37163495 PMCID: PMC10171656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoperiodic response is critical for plants to adjust their reproductive phase to the most favorable season. Wheat heads earlier under long days (LD) than under short days (SD) and this difference is mainly regulated by the PHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD1) gene. Tetraploid wheat plants carrying the Ppd-A1a allele with a large deletion in the promoter head earlier under SD than plants carrying the wildtype Ppd-A1b allele with an intact promoter. Phytochromes PHYB and PHYC are necessary for the light activation of PPD1, and mutations in either of these genes result in the downregulation of PPD1 and very late heading time. We show here that both effects are reverted when the phyB mutant is combined with loss-of-function mutations in EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a component of the Evening Complex (EC) in the circadian clock. We also show that the wheat ELF3 protein interacts with PHYB and PHYC, is rapidly modified by light, and binds to the PPD1 promoter in planta (likely as part of the EC). Deletion of the ELF3 binding region in the Ppd-A1a promoter results in PPD1 upregulation at dawn, similar to PPD1 alleles with intact promoters in the elf3 mutant background. The upregulation of PPD1 is correlated with the upregulation of the florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (FT1) and early heading time. Loss-of-function mutations in PPD1 result in the downregulation of FT1 and delayed heading, even when combined with the elf3 mutation. Taken together, these results indicate that ELF3 operates downstream of PHYB as a direct transcriptional repressor of PPD1, and that this repression is relaxed both by light and by the deletion of the ELF3 binding region in the Ppd-A1a promoter. In summary, the regulation of the light mediated activation of PPD1 by ELF3 is critical for the photoperiodic regulation of wheat heading time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alejandra Alvarez
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chengxia Li
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Huiqiong Lin
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anna Joe
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mariana Padilla
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Daniel P Woods
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jorge Dubcovsky
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
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Zhu Z, Esche F, Babben S, Trenner J, Serfling A, Pillen K, Maurer A, Quint M. An exotic allele of barley EARLY FLOWERING 3 contributes to developmental plasticity at elevated temperatures. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:2912-2931. [PMID: 36449391 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Increase in ambient temperatures caused by climate change affects various morphological and developmental traits of plants, threatening crop yield stability. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) plays prominent roles in temperature sensing and thermomorphogenesis signal transduction. However, how crop species respond to elevated temperatures is poorly understood. Here, we show that the barley ortholog of AtELF3 interacts with high temperature to control growth and development. We used heterogeneous inbred family (HIF) pairs generated from a segregating mapping population and systematically studied the role of exotic ELF3 variants in barley temperature responses. An exotic ELF3 allele of Syrian origin promoted elongation growth in barley at elevated temperatures, whereas plant area and estimated biomass were drastically reduced, resulting in an open canopy architecture. The same allele accelerated inflorescence development at high temperature, which correlated with early transcriptional induction of MADS-box floral identity genes BM3 and BM8. Consequently, barley plants carrying the exotic ELF3 allele displayed stable total grain number at elevated temperatures. Our findings therefore demonstrate that exotic ELF3 variants can contribute to phenotypic and developmental acclimation to elevated temperatures, providing a stimulus for breeding of climate-resilient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 5, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Finn Esche
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 5, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steve Babben
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 5, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jana Trenner
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 5, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Albrecht Serfling
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kuehn-Institute, Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, D-06484, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Chair of Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Chair of Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marcel Quint
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 5, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Kopecká R, Kameniarová M, Černý M, Brzobohatý B, Novák J. Abiotic Stress in Crop Production. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076603. [PMID: 37047573 PMCID: PMC10095105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of agricultural land undergoes abiotic stress that can significantly reduce agricultural yields. Understanding the mechanisms of plant defenses against stresses and putting this knowledge into practice is, therefore, an integral part of sustainable agriculture. In this review, we focus on current findings in plant resistance to four cardinal abiotic stressors—drought, heat, salinity, and low temperatures. Apart from the description of the newly discovered mechanisms of signaling and resistance to abiotic stress, this review also focuses on the importance of primary and secondary metabolites, including carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolics, and phytohormones. A meta-analysis of transcriptomic studies concerning the model plant Arabidopsis demonstrates the long-observed phenomenon that abiotic stressors induce different signals and effects at the level of gene expression, but genes whose regulation is similar under most stressors can still be traced. The analysis further reveals the transcriptional modulation of Golgi-targeted proteins in response to heat stress. Our analysis also highlights several genes that are similarly regulated under all stress conditions. These genes support the central role of phytohormones in the abiotic stress response, and the importance of some of these in plant resistance has not yet been studied. Finally, this review provides information about the response to abiotic stress in major European crop plants—wheat, sugar beet, maize, potatoes, barley, sunflowers, grapes, rapeseed, tomatoes, and apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Kopecká
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kameniarová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Černý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Břetislav Brzobohatý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novák
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
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Benaouda S, Stöcker T, Schoof H, Léon J, Ballvora A. Transcriptome profiling at the transition to the reproductive stage uncovers stage and tissue-specific genes in wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:25. [PMID: 36631761 PMCID: PMC9835304 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03986-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition from vegetative to floral phase is the result of complex crosstalk of exogenous and endogenous floral integrators. This critical physiological event is the response to environmental interaction, which causes biochemical cascades of reactions at different internal tissues, organs, and releases signals that make the plant moves from vegetative status to a reproductive phase. This network controlling flowering time is not deciphered largely in bread wheat. In this study, a comparative transcriptome analysis at a transition time in combination with genetic mapping was used to identify responsible genes in a stage and tissue-specific manner. For this reason, two winter cultivars that have been bred in Germany showing contrasting and stable heading time in different environments were selected for the analysis. RESULTS In total, 670 and 1075 differentially expressed genes in the shoot apical meristem and leaf tissue, respectively, could be identified in 23 QTL intervals for the heading date. In the transition apex, Histone methylation H3-K36 and regulation of circadian rhythm are both controlled by the same homoeolog genes mapped in QTL TaHd112, TaHd124, and TaHd137. TaAGL14 gene that identifies the floral meristem was mapped in TaHd054 in the double ridge. In the same stage, the homoeolog located on chromosome 7D of FLOWERING TIME LOCUS T mapped on chr 7B, which evolved an antagonist function and acts as a flowering repressor was uncovered. The wheat orthologue of transcription factor ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1 (AS1) was identified in the late reproductive stage and was mapped in TaHd102, which is strongly associated with heading date. Deletion of eight nucleotides in the AS1 promoter could be identified in the binding site of the SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS OVEREXPRESSION 1 (SOC1) gene in the late flowering cultivar. Both proteins AS1 and SOC1 are inducing flowering time in response to gibberellin biosynthesis. CONCLUSION The global transcriptomic at the transition phase uncovered stage and tissue-specific genes mapped in QTL of heading date in winter wheat. In response to Gibberellin signaling, wheat orthologous transcription factor AS1 is expressed in the late reproductive phase of the floral transition. The locus harboring this gene is the strongest QTL associated with the heading date trait in the German cultivars. Consequently, we conclude that this is another indication of the Gibberellin biosynthesis as the mechanism behind the heading variation in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Benaouda
- Institute for Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Chair of Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tyll Stöcker
- Institute for Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Chair of Crop Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Heiko Schoof
- Institute for Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Chair of Crop Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Léon
- Institute for Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Chair of Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Agim Ballvora
- Institute for Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Chair of Plant Breeding, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Zhao Y, Zhao B, Xie Y, Jia H, Li Y, Xu M, Wu G, Ma X, Li Q, Hou M, Li C, Xia Z, He G, Xu H, Bai Z, Kong D, Zheng Z, Liu Q, Liu Y, Zhong J, Tian F, Wang B, Wang H. The evening complex promotes maize flowering and adaptation to temperate regions. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:369-389. [PMID: 36173348 PMCID: PMC9806612 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) originated in southern Mexico and has spread over a wide latitudinal range. Maize expansion from tropical to temperate regions has necessitated a reduction of its photoperiod sensitivity. In this study, we cloned a quantitative trait locus (QTL) regulating flowering time in maize and show that the maize ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana EARLY FLOWERING3, ZmELF3.1, is the causal locus. We demonstrate that ZmELF3.1 and ZmELF3.2 proteins can physically interact with ZmELF4.1/4.2 and ZmLUX1/2, to form evening complex(es; ECs) in the maize circadian clock. Loss-of-function mutants for ZmELF3.1/3.2 and ZmLUX1/2 exhibited delayed flowering under long-day and short-day conditions. We show that EC directly represses the expression of several flowering suppressor genes, such as the CONSTANS, CONSTANS-LIKE, TOC1 (CCT) genes ZmCCT9 and ZmCCT10, ZmCONSTANS-LIKE 3, and the PSEUDORESPONSE REGULATOR (PRR) genes ZmPRR37a and ZmPRR73, thus alleviating their inhibition, allowing florigen gene expression and promoting flowering. Further, we identify two closely linked retrotransposons located in the ZmELF3.1 promoter that regulate the expression levels of ZmELF3.1 and may have been positively selected during postdomestication spread of maize from tropical to temperate regions during the pre-Columbian era. These findings provide insights into circadian clock-mediated regulation of photoperiodic flowering in maize and new targets of genetic improvement for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yurong Xie
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- HainanYazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Hong Jia
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10008, China
| | - Miaoyun Xu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- HainanYazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Guangxia Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Quanquan Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mei Hou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Changyu Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhanchao Xia
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Gang He
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhijing Bai
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhigang Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jinshun Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Baobao Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- HainanYazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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10
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Zhou M, Yao Z, Zhao M, Fang Q, Ji X, Chen H, Zhao Y. Molecular Cloning and Expression Responses of Jarid2b to High-Temperature Treatment in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1719. [PMID: 36292604 PMCID: PMC9602145 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nile tilapia is a GSD + TE (Genetic Sex Determination + Temperature Effect) fish, and high-temperature treatment during critical thermosensitive periods (TSP) can induce the sex reversal of Nile tilapia genetic females, and brain transcriptomes have revealed the upregulation of Jarid2 (Jumonji and AT-rich domain containing 2) expression after 36 °C high-temperature treatment for 12 days during TSP. It was shown that JARID2 forms a complex with polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) that catalyzed H3K27me3, which was strongly associated with transcriptional repression. In this study, Jarid2b was cloned and characterized in Nile tilapia, which was highly conserved among the analyzed fish species. The expression of Jarid2b was upregulated in the gonad of 21 dpf XX genetic females after 12-day high-temperature treatment and reached a similar level to that of males. Similar responses to high-temperature treatment also appeared in the brain, heart, liver, muscle, eye, and skin tissues. Interestingly, Jarid2b expression was only in response to high-temperature treatment, and not to 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) or letrozole treatments; although, these treatments can also induce the sex reversal of genetic Nile tilapia females. Further studies revealed that Jarid2b responded rapidly at the 8th hour after high-temperature treatment. Considering that JARID2 can recruit PRC2 and establish H3K27me3, we speculated that it might be an upstream gene participating in the regulation of Nile tilapia GSD + TE through regulating the H3K27 methylation level at the locus of many sex differentiation-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China
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11
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Preston JC, Fjellheim S. Flowering time runs hot and cold. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:5-18. [PMID: 35274728 PMCID: PMC9434294 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that anthropogenically-mediated global warming results in accelerated flowering for many plant populations. However, the fact that some plants are late flowering or unaffected by warming, underscores the complex relationship between phase change, temperature, and phylogeny. In this review, we present an emerging picture of how plants sense temperature changes, and then discuss the independent recruitment of ancient flowering pathway genes for the evolution of ambient, low, and high temperature-regulated reproductive development. As well as revealing areas of research required for a better understanding of how past thermal climates have shaped global patterns of plasticity in plant phase change, we consider the implications for these phenological thermal responses in light of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siri Fjellheim
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås 1430, Norway
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12
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Fei J, Jiang Q, Guo M, Lu J, Wang P, Liu S, Qu J, Ma Y, Guan S. Fine Mapping and Functional Research of Key Genes for Photoperiod Sensitivity in Maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:890780. [PMID: 35903233 PMCID: PMC9315444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.890780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Maize is native to the tropics and is very sensitive to photoperiod. Planting in temperate regions with increased hours of daylight always leads to late flowering, sterility, leggy plants, and increased numbers of maize leaves. This phenomenon severely affects the utilization of tropical maize germplasm resources. The sensitivity to photoperiod is mainly reflected in differences in plant height (PH), ear height (EH), total leaf number (LN), leaf number under ear (LE), silking stage (SS), and anthesis stage (AT) in the same variety under different photoperiod conditions. These differences are more pronounced for varieties that are more sensitive to photoperiod. In the current study, a high-density genetic map was constructed from a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population containing 209 lines to map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for photoperiod sensitivity of PH, EH, LN, LE, SS, and AT. A total of 39 QTL were identified, including three consistent major QTL. We identified candidate genes in the consensus major QTL region by combined analysis of transcriptome data, and after enrichment by GO and KEGG, we identified a total of four genes (Zm00001d006212, Zm00001d017241, Zm00001d047761, and Zm00001d047632) enriched in the plant circadian rhythm pathway (KEGG:04712). We analyzed the expression levels of these four genes, and the analysis results showed that there were significant differences in response under different photoperiod conditions for three of them (Zm00001d047761, Zm00001d006212 and Zm00001d017241). The results of functional verification showed that the expression patterns of genes rhythmically oscillated, which can affect the length of the hypocotyl and the development of the shoot apical meristem. We also found that the phenotypes of the positive plants were significantly different from the control plants when they overexpressed the objective gene or when it was knocked out, and the expression period, phase, and amplitude of the target gene also shifted. The objective gene changed its own rhythmic oscillation period, phase, and amplitude with the change in the photoperiod, thereby regulating the photoperiod sensitivity of maize. These results deepen our understanding of the genetic structure of photoperiod sensitivity and lay a foundation for further exploration of the regulatory mechanism of photoperiod sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Fei
- College of Bioscience, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingping Jiang
- College of Bioscience, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingyang Guo
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianyu Lu
- College of Bioscience, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Piwu Wang
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Siyan Liu
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiyong Ma
- College of Bioscience, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuyan Guan
- College of Bioscience, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation in Modern Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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13
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Bouché F, Woods DP, Linden J, Li W, Mayer KS, Amasino RM, Périlleux C. EARLY FLOWERING 3 and Photoperiod Sensing in Brachypodium distachyon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:769194. [PMID: 35069625 PMCID: PMC8770904 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.769194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The proper timing of flowering, which is key to maximize reproductive success and yield, relies in many plant species on the coordination between environmental cues and endogenous developmental programs. The perception of changes in day length is one of the most reliable cues of seasonal change, and this involves the interplay between the sensing of light signals and the circadian clock. Here, we describe a Brachypodium distachyon mutant allele of the evening complex protein EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3). We show that the elf3 mutant flowers more rapidly than wild type plants in short days as well as under longer photoperiods but, in very long (20 h) days, flowering is equally rapid in elf3 and wild type. Furthermore, flowering in the elf3 mutant is still sensitive to vernalization, but not to ambient temperature changes. Molecular analyses revealed that the expression of a short-day marker gene is suppressed in elf3 grown in short days, and the expression patterns of clock genes and flowering time regulators are altered. We also explored the mechanisms of photoperiodic perception in temperate grasses by exposing B. distachyon plants grown under a 12 h photoperiod to a daily night break consisting of a mixture of red and far-red light. We showed that 2 h breaks are sufficient to accelerate flowering in B. distachyon under non-inductive photoperiods and that this acceleration of flowering is mediated by red light. Finally, we discuss advances and perspectives for research on the perception of photoperiod in temperate grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Bouché
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, InBioS-PhytoSYSTEMS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Daniel P. Woods
- Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- United States Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
| | - Julie Linden
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, InBioS-PhytoSYSTEMS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Weiya Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kevin S. Mayer
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Richard M. Amasino
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- United States Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Claire Périlleux
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, InBioS-PhytoSYSTEMS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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14
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Fernández-Calleja M, Casas AM, Igartua E. Major flowering time genes of barley: allelic diversity, effects, and comparison with wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1867-1897. [PMID: 33969431 PMCID: PMC8263424 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the allelic series, effects, interactions between genes and with the environment, for the major flowering time genes that drive phenological adaptation of barley. The optimization of phenology is a major goal of plant breeding addressing the production of high-yielding varieties adapted to changing climatic conditions. Flowering time in cereals is regulated by genetic networks that respond predominately to day length and temperature. Allelic diversity at these genes is at the basis of barley wide adaptation. Detailed knowledge of their effects, and genetic and environmental interactions will facilitate plant breeders manipulating flowering time in cereal germplasm enhancement, by exploiting appropriate gene combinations. This review describes a catalogue of alleles found in QTL studies by barley geneticists, corresponding to the genetic diversity at major flowering time genes, the main drivers of barley phenological adaptation: VRN-H1 (HvBM5A), VRN-H2 (HvZCCTa-c), VRN-H3 (HvFT1), PPD-H1 (HvPRR37), PPD-H2 (HvFT3), and eam6/eps2 (HvCEN). For each gene, allelic series, size and direction of QTL effects, interactions between genes and with the environment are presented. Pleiotropic effects on agronomically important traits such as grain yield are also discussed. The review includes brief comments on additional genes with large effects on phenology that became relevant in modern barley breeding. The parallelisms between flowering time allelic variation between the two most cultivated Triticeae species (barley and wheat) are also outlined. This work is mostly based on previously published data, although we added some new data and hypothesis supported by a number of studies. This review shows the wide variety of allelic effects that provide enormous plasticity in barley flowering behavior, which opens new avenues to breeders for fine-tuning phenology of the barley crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Fernández-Calleja
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Aula Dei Experimental Station, EEAD-CSIC, Avenida Montañana, 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M Casas
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Aula Dei Experimental Station, EEAD-CSIC, Avenida Montañana, 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ernesto Igartua
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Aula Dei Experimental Station, EEAD-CSIC, Avenida Montañana, 1005, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain.
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15
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Zhu T, De Lima CFF, De Smet I. The Heat is On: How Crop Growth, Development and Yield Respond to High Temperature. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021:erab308. [PMID: 34185832 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants are exposed to a wide range of temperatures during their life cycle and need to continuously adapt. These adaptations need to deal with temperature changes on a daily and seasonal level and with temperatures affected by climate change. Increasing global temperatures negatively impact crop performance, and several physiological, biochemical, morphological and developmental responses to increased temperature have been described that allow plants to mitigate this. In this review, we assess various growth, development, and yield-related responses of crops to extreme and moderate high temperature, focusing on knowledge gained from both monocot (e.g. wheat, barley, maize, rice) and dicot crops (e.g. soybean and tomato) and incorporating information from model plants (e.g. Arabidopsis and Brachypodium). This revealed common and different responses between dicot and monocot crops, and defined different temperature thresholds depending on the species, growth stage and organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cassio Flavio Fonseca De Lima
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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16
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Prusty MR, Bdolach E, Yamamoto E, Tiwari LD, Silberman R, Doron‐Faigenbaum A, Neyhart JL, Bonfil D, Kashkush K, Pillen K, Smith KP, Fridman E. Genetic loci mediating circadian clock output plasticity and crop productivity under barley domestication. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1787-1801. [PMID: 33595846 PMCID: PMC8251863 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clock rhythms are shown to be intertwined with crop adaptation. To realize the adaptive value of changes in these rhythms under crop domestication and improvement, there is a need to compare the genetics of clock and yield traits. We compared circadian clock rhythmicity based on Chl leaf fluorescence and transcriptomics among wild ancestors, landraces, and breeding lines of barley under optimal and high temperatures. We conducted a genome scan to identify pleiotropic loci regulating the clock and field phenotypes. We also compared the allelic diversity in wild and cultivated barley to test for selective sweeps. We found significant loss of thermal plasticity in circadian rhythms under domestication. However, transcriptome analysis indicated that this loss was only for output genes and that temperature compensation in the core clock machinery was maintained. Drivers of the circadian clock (DOC) loci were identified via genome-wide association study. Notably, these loci also modified growth and reproductive outputs in the field. Diversity analysis indicated selective sweep in these pleiotropic DOC loci. These results indicate a selection against thermal clock plasticity under barley domestication and improvement and highlight the importance of identifying genes underlying for understanding the biochemical basis of crop adaptation to changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas R. Prusty
- Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani CenterPO Box 6Bet Dagan5025001Israel
| | - Eyal Bdolach
- Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani CenterPO Box 6Bet Dagan5025001Israel
- Department of Life SciencesBen‐Gurion UniversityPO Box 653Beer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Eiji Yamamoto
- Kazusa DNA Research InstitutePO Box 292‐0818ChibaJapan
| | - Lalit D. Tiwari
- Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani CenterPO Box 6Bet Dagan5025001Israel
| | - Roi Silberman
- Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani CenterPO Box 6Bet Dagan5025001Israel
| | - Adi Doron‐Faigenbaum
- Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani CenterPO Box 6Bet Dagan5025001Israel
| | - Jeffrey L. Neyhart
- Department of Agronomy and Plant GeneticsUniversity of MinnesotaSt PaulMN55108USA
| | - David Bonfil
- Gilat Center, Vegetables and Field CropsAgricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani CenterPO Box 6Bet Dagan5025001Israel
| | - Khalil Kashkush
- Department of Life SciencesBen‐Gurion UniversityPO Box 653Beer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional SciencesMartin‐Luther University Halle‐WittenbergPO Box 06120Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Kevin P. Smith
- Department of Agronomy and Plant GeneticsUniversity of MinnesotaSt PaulMN55108USA
| | - Eyal Fridman
- Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani CenterPO Box 6Bet Dagan5025001Israel
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17
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Cao S, Luo X, Xu D, Tian X, Song J, Xia X, Chu C, He Z. Genetic architecture underlying light and temperature mediated flowering in Arabidopsis, rice, and temperate cereals. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1731-1745. [PMID: 33586137 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Timely flowering is essential for optimum crop reproduction and yield. To determine the best flowering-time genes (FTGs) relevant to local adaptation and breeding, it is essential to compare the interspecific genetic architecture of flowering in response to light and temperature, the two most important environmental cues in crop breeding. However, the conservation and variations of FTGs across species lack systematic dissection. This review summarizes current knowledge on the genetic architectures underlying light and temperature-mediated flowering initiation in Arabidopsis, rice, and temperate cereals. Extensive comparative analyses show that most FTGs are conserved, whereas functional variations in FTGs may be species specific and confer local adaptation in different species. To explore evolutionary dynamics underpinning the conservation and variations in FTGs, domestication and selection of some key FTGs are further dissected. Based on our analyses of genetic control of flowering time, a number of key issues are highlighted. Strategies for modulation of flowering behavior in crop breeding are also discussed. The resultant resources provide a wealth of reference information to uncover molecular mechanisms of flowering in plants and achieve genetic improvement in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghe Cao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xumei Luo
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dengan Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiuling Tian
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xianchun Xia
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center China Office, c/o Chinese Academy Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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18
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Gol L, Haraldsson EB, von Korff M. Ppd-H1 integrates drought stress signals to control spike development and flowering time in barley. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:122-136. [PMID: 32459309 PMCID: PMC7816852 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought impairs growth and spike development, and is therefore a major cause of yield losses in the temperate cereals barley and wheat. Here, we show that the photoperiod response gene PHOTOPERIOD-H1 (Ppd-H1) interacts with drought stress signals to modulate spike development. We tested the effects of a continuous mild and a transient severe drought stress on developmental timing and spike development in spring barley cultivars with a natural mutation in ppd-H1 and derived introgression lines carrying the wild-type Ppd-H1 allele from wild barley. Mild drought reduced the spikelet number and delayed floral development in spring cultivars but not in the introgression lines with a wild-type Ppd-H1 allele. Similarly, drought-triggered reductions in plant height, and tiller and spike number were more pronounced in the parental lines compared with the introgression lines. Transient severe stress halted growth and floral development; upon rewatering, introgression lines, but not the spring cultivars, accelerated development so that control and stressed plants flowered almost simultaneously. These genetic differences in development were correlated with a differential down-regulation of the flowering promotors FLOWERING LOCUS T1 and the BARLEY MADS-box genes BM3 and BM8. Our findings therefore demonstrate that Ppd-H1 affects developmental plasticity in response to drought in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Gol
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Einar B Haraldsson
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria von Korff
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, ‘SMART Plants for Tomorrows Needs’, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence:
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19
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Jacott CN, Boden SA. Feeling the heat: developmental and molecular responses of wheat and barley to high ambient temperatures. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:5740-5751. [PMID: 32667992 PMCID: PMC7540836 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for global food security in the face of a warming climate is leading researchers to investigate the physiological and molecular responses of cereals to rising ambient temperatures. Wheat and barley are temperate cereals whose yields are adversely affected by high ambient temperatures, with each 1 °C increase above optimum temperatures reducing productivity by 5-6%. Reproductive development is vulnerable to high-temperature stress, which reduces yields by decreasing grain number and/or size and weight. In recent years, analysis of early inflorescence development and genetic pathways that control the vegetative to floral transition have elucidated molecular processes that respond to rising temperatures, including those involved in the vernalization- and photoperiod-dependent control of flowering. In comparison, our understanding of genes that underpin thermal responses during later developmental stages remains poor, thus highlighting a key area for future research. This review outlines the responses of developmental genes to warmer conditions and summarizes our knowledge of the reproductive traits of wheat and barley influenced by high temperatures. We explore ways in which recent advances in wheat and barley research capabilities could help identify genes that underpin responses to rising temperatures, and how improved knowledge of the genetic regulation of reproduction and plant architecture could be used to develop thermally resilient cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine N Jacott
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich, UK
| | - Scott A Boden
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich, UK
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
- Correspondence:
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20
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Barros KA, Esteves-Ferreira AA, Inaba M, Meally H, Finnan J, Barth S, Davis SJ, Sulpice R. Diurnal patterns of growth and transient reserves of sink and source tissues are affected by cold nights in barley. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1404-1420. [PMID: 32012288 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Barley is described to mostly use sucrose for night carbon requirements. To understand how the transient carbon is accumulated and utilized in response to cold, barley plants were grown in a combination of cold days and/or nights. Both daytime and night cold reduced growth. Sucrose was the main carbohydrate supplying growth at night, representing 50-60% of the carbon consumed. Under warm days and nights, starch was the second contributor with 26% and malate the third with 15%. Under cold nights, the contribution of starch was severely reduced, due to an inhibition of its synthesis, including under warm days, and malate was the second contributor to C requirements with 24-28% of the total amount of carbon consumed. We propose that malate plays a critical role as an alternative carbon source to sucrose and starch in barley. Hexoses, malate, and sucrose mobilization and starch accumulation were affected in barley elf3 clock mutants, suggesting a clock regulation of their metabolism, without affecting growth and photosynthesis however. Altogether, our data suggest that the mobilization of sucrose and malate and/or barley growth machinery are sensitive to cold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kallyne A Barros
- Plant Systems Biology Lab, School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Alberto A Esteves-Ferreira
- Plant Systems Biology Lab, School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Masami Inaba
- Plant Systems Biology Lab, School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Helena Meally
- Crop Science Department, Teagasc, Carlow R93 XE12, Ireland
| | - John Finnan
- Crop Science Department, Teagasc, Carlow R93 XE12, Ireland
| | - Susanne Barth
- Crop Science Department, Teagasc, Carlow R93 XE12, Ireland
| | - Seth J Davis
- Department of Biology Heslington, University of York, York YO10 5NG, UK
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Ronan Sulpice
- Plant Systems Biology Lab, School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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21
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Phenology and related traits for wheat adaptation. Heredity (Edinb) 2020; 125:417-430. [PMID: 32457509 PMCID: PMC7784700 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-020-0320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is a major food crop, with around 765 million tonnes produced globally. The largest wheat producers include the European Union, China, India, Russia, United States, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, Ukraine and Argentina. Cultivation of wheat across such diverse global environments with variation in climate, biotic and abiotic stresses, requires cultivars adapted to a range of growing conditions. One intrinsic way that wheat achieves adaptation is through variation in phenology (seasonal timing of the lifecycle) and related traits (e.g., those affecting plant architecture). It is important to understand the genes that underlie this variation, and how they interact with each other, other traits and the growing environment. This review summarises the current understanding of phenology and developmental traits that adapt wheat to different environments. Examples are provided to illustrate how different combinations of alleles can facilitate breeding of wheat varieties with optimal crop performance for different growing regions or farming systems.
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22
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Hewitt SL, Hendrickson CA, Dhingra A. Evidence for the Involvement of Vernalization-related Genes in the Regulation of Cold-induced Ripening in 'D'Anjou' and 'Bartlett' Pear Fruit. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8478. [PMID: 32439928 PMCID: PMC7242362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
European pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars require a genetically pre-determined duration of cold-temperature exposure to induce autocatalytic system 2 ethylene biosynthesis and subsequent fruit ripening. The physiological responses of pear to cold-temperature-induced ripening have been well characterized, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon continue to be elucidated. This study employed previously established cold temperature conditioning treatments for ripening of two pear cultivars, 'D'Anjou' and 'Bartlett'. Using a time-course transcriptomics approach, global gene expression responses of each cultivar were assessed at four stages of developmental during the cold conditioning process. Differential expression, functional annotation, and gene ontology enrichment analyses were performed. Interestingly, evidence for the involvement of cold-induced, vernalization-related genes and repressors of endodormancy release was found. These genes have not previously been described to play a role in fruit during the ripening transition. The resulting data provide insight into cultivar-specific mechanisms of cold-induced transcriptional regulation of ripening in European pear, as well as a unique comparative analysis of the two cultivars with very different cold conditioning requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seanna L Hewitt
- Molecular Plant Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | | | - Amit Dhingra
- Molecular Plant Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
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Bdolach E, Prusty MR, Faigenboim-Doron A, Filichkin T, Helgerson L, Schmid KJ, Greiner S, Fridman E. Thermal plasticity of the circadian clock is under nuclear and cytoplasmic control in wild barley. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:3105-3120. [PMID: 31272129 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Temperature compensation, expressed as the ability to maintain clock characteristics (mainly period) in face of temperature changes, that is, robustness, is considered a key feature of circadian clock systems. In this study, we explore the genetic basis for lack of robustness, that is, plasticity, of circadian clock as reflected by photosynthesis rhythmicity. The clock rhythmicity of a new wild barley reciprocal doubled haploid population was analysed with a high temporal resolution of pulsed amplitude modulation of chlorophyll fluorescence under optimal (22°C) and high (32°C) temperature. This comparison between two environments pointed to the prevalence of clock acceleration under heat. Genotyping by sequencing of doubled haploid lines indicated a rich recombination landscape with minor fixation (less than 8%) for one of the parental alleles. Quantitative genetic analysis included genotype by environment interactions and binary-threshold models. Variation in the circadian rhythm plasticity phenotypes, expressed as change (delta) of period and amplitude under two temperatures, was associated with maternal organelle genome (the plasmotype), as well as with several nuclear loci. This first reported rhythmicity driven by nuclear loci and plasmotype with few identified variants, paves the way for studying impact of cytonuclear variations on clock robustness and on plant adaptation to changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Bdolach
- Plant Sciences Institute, Volcani Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Manas Ranjan Prusty
- Plant Sciences Institute, Volcani Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Adi Faigenboim-Doron
- Plant Sciences Institute, Volcani Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Tanya Filichkin
- Crop and Soil Science Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Laura Helgerson
- Crop and Soil Science Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Karl J Schmid
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stephan Greiner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Eyal Fridman
- Plant Sciences Institute, Volcani Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Bet Dagan, Israel
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Lei L, Poets AM, Liu C, Wyant SR, Hoffman PJ, Carter CK, Shaw BG, Li X, Muehlbauer GJ, Katagiri F, Morrell PL. Environmental Association Identifies Candidates for Tolerance to Low Temperature and Drought. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2019; 9:3423-3438. [PMID: 31439717 PMCID: PMC6778781 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) is cultivated from the equator to the Arctic Circle. The wild progenitor species, Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum, occupies a relatively narrow latitudinal range (∼30 - 40° N) primarily at low elevation (< 1,500 m). Adaptation to the range of cultivation has occurred over ∼8,000 years. The genetic basis of adaptation is amenable to study through environmental association. An advantage of environmental association in a well-characterized crop is that many loci that contribute to climatic adaptation and abiotic stress tolerance have already been identified. This provides the opportunity to determine if environmental association approaches effectively identify these loci of large effect. Using published genotyping from 7,864 SNPs in 803 barley landraces, we examined allele frequency differentiation across multiple partitions of the data and mixed model associations relative to bioclimatic variables. Using newly generated resequencing data from a subset of these landraces, we tested for linkage disequilibrium (LD) between SNPs queried in genotyping and SNPs in neighboring loci. Six loci previously reported to contribute to adaptive differences in flowering time and abiotic stress in barley and six loci previously identified in other plant species were identified in our analyses. In many cases, patterns of LD are consistent with the causative variant occurring in the immediate vicinity of the queried SNP. The identification of barley orthologs to well-characterized genes may provide a new understanding of the nature of adaptive variation and could permit a more targeted use of potentially adaptive variants in barley breeding and germplasm improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lei
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
| | - Ana M Poets
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
| | - Chaochih Liu
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
| | - Skylar R Wyant
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
| | - Paul J Hoffman
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
| | - Corey K Carter
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
| | - Brian G Shaw
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
| | - Gary J Muehlbauer
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - Fumiaki Katagiri
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - Peter L Morrell
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 and
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Li M, Kennedy A, Huybrechts M, Dochy N, Geuten K. The Effect of Ambient Temperature on Brachypodium distachyon Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1011. [PMID: 31497030 PMCID: PMC6712961 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to climate change, the effect of temperature on crops has become a global concern. It has been reported that minor changes in temperature can cause large decreases in crop yield. While not a crop, the model Brachypodium distachyon can help to efficiently investigate ambient temperature responses of temperate grasses, which include wheat and barley. Here, we use different accessions to explore the effect of ambient temperature on Brachypodium phenology. We recorded leaf initiation, heading time, leaf and branch number at heading, seed set time, seed weight, seed size, seed dormancy, and seed germination at different temperatures. We found that warmer temperatures promote leaf initiation so that leaf number at heading is positively correlated to temperature. Heading time is not correlated to temperature but accessions show an optimal temperature at which heading is earliest. Cool temperatures prolong seed maturation which increases seed weight. The progeny seeds of plants grown at these cool ambient temperatures show stronger dormancy, while imbibition of seeds at low temperature improves germination. Among all developmental stages, it is the duration of seed maturation that is most sensitive to temperature. The results we found reveal that temperature responses in Brachypodium are highly conserved with temperate cereals, which makes Brachypodium a good model to explore temperature responsive pathways in temperate grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Koen Geuten
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Rees H, Duncan S, Gould P, Wells R, Greenwood M, Brabbs T, Hall A. A high-throughput delayed fluorescence method reveals underlying differences in the control of circadian rhythms in Triticum aestivum and Brassica napus. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:51. [PMID: 31139241 PMCID: PMC6530173 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A robust circadian clock has been implicated in plant resilience, resource-use efficiency, competitive growth and yield. A huge number of physiological processes are under circadian control in plants including: responses to biotic and abiotic stresses; flowering time; plant metabolism; and mineral uptake. Understanding how the clock functions in crops such as Triticum aestivum (bread wheat) and Brassica napus (oilseed rape) therefore has great agricultural potential. Delayed fluorescence (DF) imaging has been shown to be applicable to a wide range of plant species and requires no genetic transformation. Although DF has been used to measure period length of both mutants and wild ecotypes of Arabidopsis, this assay has never been systematically optimised for crop plants. The physical size of both B. napus and T. aestivum led us to develop a representative sampling strategy which enables high-throughput imaging of these crops. RESULTS In this study, we describe the plant-specific optimisation of DF imaging to obtain reliable circadian phenotypes with the robustness and reproducibility to detect diverging periods between cultivars of the same species. We find that the age of plant material, light regime and temperature conditions all significantly effect DF rhythms and describe the optimal conditions for measuring robust rhythms in each species. We also show that sections of leaf can be used to obtain period estimates with improved throughput for larger sample size experiments. CONCLUSIONS We present an optimized protocol for high-throughput phenotyping of circadian period specific to two economically valuable crop plants. Application of this method revealed significant differences between the periods of several widely grown elite cultivars. This method also identified intriguing differential responses of circadian rhythms in T. aestivum compared to B. napus; specifically the dramatic change to rhythm robustness when plants were imaged under constant light versus constant darkness. This points towards diverging networks underlying circadian control in these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Rees
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UG UK
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - Susan Duncan
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UG UK
| | - Peter Gould
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - Rachel Wells
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Mark Greenwood
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1LR UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QW UK
| | - Thomas Brabbs
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UG UK
| | - Anthony Hall
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UG UK
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27
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Ochagavía H, Prieto P, Zikhali M, Griffiths S, Slafer GA. Earliness Per Se by Temperature Interaction on Wheat Development. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2584. [PMID: 30796296 PMCID: PMC6385287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences in time to heading that remain after photoperiod and vernalisation requirements have been saturated are classified as earliness per se (Eps) effects. It has been commonly assumed that Eps genes are purely constitutive and independent of environment, although the likely effect of temperature on Eps effects in hexaploid wheat has never been tested. We grew four near isogenic lines (NILs) for the Eps gene located in chromosome 1D (Eps-D1) at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 °C. In line with expectations we found that lines carrying the Eps-late allele were always later than those with Eps-early alleles. But in addition, we reported for the first time that the magnitude of the effect increased with decreasing temperature: an Eps x temperature interaction in hexaploid wheat. Variation in heading time due to Eps x temperature was associated with an increase in sensitivity to temperature mainly during late reproductive phase. Moreover, we showed that Eps alleles exhibited differences in cardinal (base, optimum, maximum) temperatures and that the expression of ELF3, (the likely candidate for Eps-D1) also interacted with temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Ochagavía
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Paula Prieto
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Meluleki Zikhali
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney Ln, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom.,Seed Co Limited, Rattray Arnold Research Station, PO Box CH142, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Simon Griffiths
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney Ln, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Gustavo A Slafer
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences and AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain. .,ICREA, Catalonian Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain.
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28
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Göransson M, Hallsson JH, Lillemo M, Orabi J, Backes G, Jahoor A, Hermannsson J, Christerson T, Tuvesson S, Gertsson B, Reitan L, Alsheikh M, Aikasalo R, Isolahti M, Veteläinen M, Jalli M, Krusell L, Hjortshøj RL, Eriksen B, Bengtsson T. Identification of Ideal Allele Combinations for the Adaptation of Spring Barley to Northern Latitudes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:542. [PMID: 31130971 PMCID: PMC6510284 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The northwards expansion of barley production requires adaptation to longer days, lower temperatures and stronger winds during the growing season. We have screened 169 lines of the current barley breeding gene pool in the Nordic region with regards to heading, maturity, height, and lodging under different environmental conditions in nineteen field trials over 3 years at eight locations in northern and central Europe. Through a genome-wide association scan we have linked phenotypic differences observed in multi-environment field trials (MET) to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). We have identified an allele combination, only occurring among a few Icelandic lines, that affects heat sum to maturity and requires 214 growing degree days (GDD) less heat sum to maturity than the most common allele combination in the Nordic spring barley gene pool. This allele combination is beneficial in a cold environment, where autumn frost can destroy a late maturing harvest. Despite decades of intense breeding efforts relying heavily on the same germplasm, our results show that there still exists considerable variation within the current breeding gene pool and we identify ideal allele combinations for regional adaptation, which can facilitate the expansion of cereal cultivation even further northwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Göransson
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- *Correspondence: Magnus Göransson, Therése Bengtsson,
| | - Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Morten Lillemo
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Gunter Backes
- Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, Kassel University, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Ahmed Jahoor
- Nordic Seed A/S, Odder, Denmark
- Department of Plant Breeding, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Jónatan Hermannsson
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marja Jalli
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Therése Bengtsson
- Department of Plant Breeding, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Magnus Göransson, Therése Bengtsson,
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González MY, Philipp N, Schulthess AW, Weise S, Zhao Y, Börner A, Oppermann M, Graner A, Reif JC. Unlocking historical phenotypic data from an ex situ collection to enhance the informed utilization of genetic resources of barley (Hordeum sp.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:2009-2019. [PMID: 29959470 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Key message Historical data generated during seed regeneration are valuable to populate a bio-digital resource center for barley (Hordeum sp.). Precise estimates of trait performance of genetic resources are considered as an intellectually challenging, complex, costly and time-consuming step needed to exploit the phenotypic and genetic diversity maintained in genebanks for breeding and research. Using barley (Hordeum sp.) as a model, we examine strategies to tap into historical data available from regeneration trials. This is a first step toward extending the Federal ex situ Genebank into a bio-digital resource center facilitating an informed choice of barley accessions for research and breeding. Our study is based on historical data of seven decades collected for flowering time, plant height, and thousand grain weight during the regeneration of 12,872 spring and winter barley accessions. Linear mixed models were implemented in conjunction with routines for assessment of data quality. A resampling study highlights the potential risk of biased estimates in second-order statistics when grouping accessions for regeneration according to the year of collection or geographic origin. Based on rigorous quality assessment, we obtained high heritability estimates for the traits under consideration exceeding 0.8. Thus, the best linear unbiased estimations for the three traits are a valuable source to populate a bio-digital resource center for the IPK barley collection. The proposed strategy to leverage historical data from regeneration trials is not crop specific and can be used as a blueprint for other ex situ collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Y González
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Norman Philipp
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Albert W Schulthess
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Stephan Weise
- Department of Genebank, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Andreas Börner
- Department of Genebank, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Markus Oppermann
- Department of Genebank, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Andreas Graner
- Department of Genebank, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jochen C Reif
- Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466, Gatersleben, Germany.
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Ford BA, Foo E, Sharwood R, Karafiatova M, Vrána J, MacMillan C, Nichols DS, Steuernagel B, Uauy C, Doležel J, Chandler PM, Spielmeyer W. Rht18 Semidwarfism in Wheat Is Due to Increased GA 2-oxidaseA9 Expression and Reduced GA Content. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 177:168-180. [PMID: 29545269 PMCID: PMC5933146 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Semidwarfing genes have improved crop yield by reducing height, improving lodging resistance, and allowing plants to allocate more assimilates to grain growth. In wheat (Triticum aestivum), the Rht18 semidwarfing gene was identified and deployed in durum wheat before it was transferred into bread wheat, where it was shown to have agronomic potential. Rht18, a dominant and gibberellin (GA) responsive mutant, is genetically and functionally distinct from the widely used GA-insensitive semidwarfing genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b In this study, the Rht18 gene was identified by mutagenizing the semidwarf durum cultivar Icaro (Rht18) and generating mutants with a range of tall phenotypes. Isolating and sequencing chromosome 6A of these "overgrowth" mutants showed that they contained independent mutations in the coding region of GA2oxA9GA2oxA9 is predicted to encode a GA 2-oxidase that metabolizes GA biosynthetic intermediates into inactive products, effectively reducing the amount of bioactive GA (GA1). Functional analysis of the GA2oxA9 protein demonstrated that GA2oxA9 converts the intermediate GA12 to the inactive metabolite GA110 Furthermore, Rht18 showed higher expression of GA2oxA9 and lower GA content compared with its tall parent. These data indicate that the increased expression of GA2oxA9 in Rht18 results in a reduction of both bioactive GA content and plant height. This study describes a height-reducing mechanism that can generate new genetic diversity for semidwarfism in wheat by combining increased expression with mutations of specific amino acid residues in GA2oxA9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Ford
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Eloise Foo
- The School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Robert Sharwood
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Miroslava Karafiatova
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vrána
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - David S Nichols
- Central Science Laboratories, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | | | | | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Herzig P, Maurer A, Draba V, Sharma R, Draicchio F, Bull H, Milne L, Thomas WTB, Flavell AJ, Pillen K. Contrasting genetic regulation of plant development in wild barley grown in two European environments revealed by nested association mapping. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1517-1531. [PMID: 29361127 PMCID: PMC5888909 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Barley is cultivated more widely than the other major world crops because it adapts well to environmental constraints, such as drought, heat, and day length. To better understand the genetic control of local adaptation in barley, we studied development in the nested association mapping population HEB-25, derived from crossing 25 wild barley accessions with the cultivar 'Barke'. HEB-25 was cultivated in replicated field trials in Dundee (Scotland) and Halle (Germany), differing in regard to day length, precipitation, and temperature. Applying a genome-wide association study, we located 60 and 66 quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions regulating eight plant development traits in Dundee and Halle, respectively. A number of QTLs could be explained by known major genes such as PHOTOPERIOD 1 (Ppd-H1) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (HvFT-1) that regulate plant development. In addition, we observed that developmental traits in HEB-25 were partly controlled via genotype × environment and genotype × donor interactions, defined as location-specific and family-specific QTL effects. Our findings indicate that QTL alleles are available in the wild barley gene pool that show contrasting effects on plant development, which may be deployed to improve adaptation of cultivated barley to future environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Herzig
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Vera Draba
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Crop Plant Research (IZN), Halle, Germany
| | - Rajiv Sharma
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee at JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Fulvia Draicchio
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee at JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Hazel Bull
- The James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Linda Milne
- The James Hutton Institute (JHI), Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Andrew J Flavell
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee at JHI, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Janiak A, Kwasniewski M, Sowa M, Gajek K, Żmuda K, Kościelniak J, Szarejko I. No Time to Waste: Transcriptome Study Reveals that Drought Tolerance in Barley May Be Attributed to Stressed-Like Expression Patterns that Exist before the Occurrence of Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 8:2212. [PMID: 29375595 PMCID: PMC5767312 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant survival in adverse environmental conditions requires a substantial change in the metabolism, which is reflected by the extensive transcriptome rebuilding upon the occurrence of the stress. Therefore, transcriptomic studies offer an insight into the mechanisms of plant stress responses. Here, we present the results of global gene expression profiling of roots and leaves of two barley genotypes with contrasting ability to cope with drought stress. Our analysis suggests that drought tolerance results from a certain level of transcription of stress-influenced genes that is present even before the onset of drought. Genes that predispose the plant to better drought survival play a role in the regulatory network of gene expression, including several transcription factors, translation regulators and structural components of ribosomes. An important group of genes is involved in signaling mechanisms, with significant contribution of hormone signaling pathways and an interplay between ABA, auxin, ethylene and brassinosteroid homeostasis. Signal transduction in a drought tolerant genotype may be more efficient through the expression of genes required for environmental sensing that are active already during normal water availability and are related to actin filaments and LIM domain proteins, which may function as osmotic biosensors. Better survival of drought may also be attributed to more effective processes of energy generation and more efficient chloroplasts biogenesis. Interestingly, our data suggest that several genes involved in a photosynthesis process are required for the establishment of effective drought response not only in leaves, but also in roots of barley. Thus, we propose a hypothesis that root plastids may turn into the anti-oxidative centers protecting root macromolecules from oxidative damage during drought stress. Specific genes and their potential role in building up a drought-tolerant barley phenotype is extensively discussed with special emphasis on processes that take place in barley roots. When possible, the interconnections between particular factors are emphasized to draw a broader picture of the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Janiak
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Kwasniewski
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Data Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marta Sowa
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gajek
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Żmuda
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture of Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Janusz Kościelniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture of Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Gierczik K, Novák A, Ahres M, Székely A, Soltész A, Boldizsár Á, Gulyás Z, Kalapos B, Monostori I, Kozma-Bognár L, Galiba G, Vágújfalvi A. Circadian and Light Regulated Expression of CBFs and their Upstream Signalling Genes in Barley. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1828. [PMID: 28829375 PMCID: PMC5578212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CBF (C-repeat binding factor) transcription factors show high expression levels in response to cold; moreover, they play a key regulatory role in cold acclimation processes. Recently, however, more and more information has led to the conclusion that, apart from cold, light-including its spectra-also has a crucial role in regulating CBF expression. Earlier, studies established that the expression patterns of some of these regulatory genes follow circadian rhythms. To understand more of this complex acclimation process, we studied the expression patterns of the signal transducing pathways, including signal perception, the circadian clock and phospholipid signalling pathways, upstream of the CBF gene regulatory hub. To exclude the confounding effect of cold, experiments were carried out at 22 °C. Our results show that the expression of genes implicated in the phospholipid signalling pathway follow a circadian rhythm. We demonstrated that, from among the tested CBF genes expressed in Hordeumvulgare (Hv) under our conditions, only the members of the HvCBF4-phylogenetic subgroup showed a circadian pattern. We found that the HvCBF4-subgroup genes were expressed late in the afternoon or early in the night. We also determined the expression changes under supplemental far-red illumination and established that the transcript accumulation had appeared four hours earlier and more intensely in several cases. Based on our results, we propose a model to illustrate the effect of the circadian clock and the quality of the light on the elements of signalling pathways upstream of the HvCBFs, thus integrating the complex regulation of the early cellular responses, which finally lead to an elevated abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Gierczik
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary.
| | - Aliz Novák
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary.
| | - Mohamed Ahres
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary.
| | - András Székely
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - Alexandra Soltész
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - Ákos Boldizsár
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Gulyás
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Kalapos
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - István Monostori
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - László Kozma-Bognár
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Galiba
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary.
| | - Attila Vágújfalvi
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
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Nakano M, Nagai T. Thermometers for monitoring cellular temperature. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Cantalapiedra CP, García-Pereira MJ, Gracia MP, Igartua E, Casas AM, Contreras-Moreira B. Large Differences in Gene Expression Responses to Drought and Heat Stress between Elite Barley Cultivar Scarlett and a Spanish Landrace. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:647. [PMID: 28507554 PMCID: PMC5410667 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Drought causes important losses in crop production every season. Improvement for drought tolerance could take advantage of the diversity held in germplasm collections, much of which has not been incorporated yet into modern breeding. Spanish landraces constitute a promising resource for barley breeding, as they were widely grown until last century and still show good yielding ability under stress. Here, we study the transcriptome expression landscape in two genotypes, an outstanding Spanish landrace-derived inbred line (SBCC073) and a modern cultivar (Scarlett). Gene expression of adult plants after prolonged stresses, either drought or drought combined with heat, was monitored. Transcriptome of mature leaves presented little changes under severe drought, whereas abundant gene expression changes were observed under combined mild drought and heat. Developing inflorescences of SBCC073 exhibited mostly unaltered gene expression, whereas numerous changes were found in the same tissues for Scarlett. Genotypic differences in physiological traits and gene expression patterns confirmed the different behavior of landrace SBCC073 and cultivar Scarlett under abiotic stress, suggesting that they responded to stress following different strategies. A comparison with related studies in barley, addressing gene expression responses to drought, revealed common biological processes, but moderate agreement regarding individual differentially expressed transcripts. Special emphasis was put in the search of co-expressed genes and underlying common regulatory motifs. Overall, 11 transcription factors were identified, and one of them matched cis-regulatory motifs discovered upstream of co-expressed genes involved in those responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos P. Cantalapiedra
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María J. García-Pereira
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María P. Gracia
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ernesto Igartua
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M. Casas
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Bruno Contreras-Moreira
- Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC)Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundación ARAIDZaragoza, Spain
- *Correspondence: Bruno Contreras-Moreira
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