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Ahmad D, Ying Y, Bao J. Understanding starch biosynthesis in potatoes for metabolic engineering to improve starch quality: A detailed review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 346:122592. [PMID: 39245484 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Potato tubers accumulate substantial quantities of starch, which serves as their primary energy reserve. As the predominant component of potato tubers, starch strongly influences tuber yield, processing quality, and nutritional attributes. Potato starch is distinguished from other food starches by its unique granule morphology and compositional attributes. It possesses large, oval granules with amylose content ranging from 20 to 33 % and high phosphorus levels, which collectively determine the unique physicochemical characteristics. These physicochemical properties direct the utility of potato starch across diverse food and industrial applications. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the molecular factors controlling potato starch biosynthesis and structure-function relationships. Key topics covered are starch granule morphology, the roles and regulation of major biosynthetic enzymes, transcriptional and hormonal control, genetic engineering strategies, and opportunities to tailor starch functionality. Elucidating the contributions of different enzymes in starch biosynthesis has enabled targeted modification of potato starch composition and properties. However, realizing the full potential of this knowledge faces challenges in optimizing starch quality without compromising plant vigor and yield. Overall, integrating multi-omics datasets with advanced genetic and metabolic engineering tools can facilitate the development of elite cultivars with enhanced starch yield and tailored functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daraz Ahmad
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yining Ying
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinsong Bao
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China.
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2
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Camalle MD, Levin E, David S, Faigenboim A, Foolad MR, Lers A. Molecular and biochemical components associated with chilling tolerance in tomato: comparison of different developmental stages. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2024; 4:31. [PMID: 39232835 PMCID: PMC11375913 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-024-00108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The cultivated tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, is highly sensitive to cold stress (CS), resulting in significant losses during cultivation and postharvest fruit storage. Previously, we demonstrated the presence of substantial genetic variation in fruit chilling tolerance in a tomato recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between a chilling-sensitive tomato line and a chilling-tolerant accession of the wild species S. pimpinellifolium. Here, we investigated molecular and biochemical components associated with chilling tolerance in fruit and leaves, using contrasting groups of "chilling tolerant" and "chilling sensitive" RI lines. Transcriptomic analyses were conducted on fruit exposed to CS, and gene expressions and biochemical components were measured in fruit and leaves. The analyses revealed core responding genes specific to either the cold-tolerant or cold-sensitive RI lines, which were differentially regulated in similar fashion in both leaves and fruit within each group. These genes may be used as markers to determine tomato germplasm cold tolerance or sensitivity. This study demonstrated that tomato response to CS in different developmental stages, including seedling and postharvest fruit, might be mediated by common biological/genetic factors. Therefore, genetic selection for cold tolerance during early stages of plant development may lead to lines with greater postharvest fruit chilling tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dolores Camalle
- Department of Postharvest Science, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Elena Levin
- Department of Postharvest Science, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Sivan David
- Department of Postharvest Science, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adi Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Majid R Foolad
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Amnon Lers
- Department of Postharvest Science, Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
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3
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Xu X, Wang Q, Yang L, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Feng H, Zhang P, Wang J. Effects of Exocellobiohydrolase CBHA on Fermentation of Tobacco Leaves. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1727-1737. [PMID: 39049482 PMCID: PMC11380505 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2404.04028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The quality of tobacco is directly affected by macromolecular content, fermentation is an effective method to improve biochemical properties. In this study, we utilized CBHA (cellobiohydrolase A) glycosylase, which was expressed by Pichia pastoris, as an additive for fermentation. The contents of main chemical components of tobacco leaves after fermentation were determined, and the changes of microbial community structure and abundance in tobacco leaves during fermentation were analyzed. The relationship between chemical composition and changes in microbial composition was investigated, and the function of bacteria and fungi in fermentation was predicted to identify possible metabolic pathways. After 48 h of CBHA fermentation, the contents of starch, cellulose and total nitrogen in tobacco leaf decreased by 17.60%, 28.91% and 16.05%, respectively. The microbial community structure changed significantly, with Aspergillus abundance decreasing significantly, while Filobasidum, Cladosporium, Bullera, Komagataella, etc., increased in CBHA treated group. Soluble sugar was most affected by microbial community in tobacco leaves, which was negatively correlated with starch, cellulose and total nitrogen. During the fermentation process, the relative abundance of metabolism-related functional genes increased, and the expressions of cellulase and endopeptidase also increased. The results showed that the changes of bacterial community and dominant microbial community on tobacco leaves affected the content of chemical components in tobacco leaves, and adding CBHA for fermentation had a positive effect on improving the quality of tobacco leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Xu
- China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Longyan Yang
- China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., P.R. China
| | - Zhiyan Chen
- China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhou
- China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., P.R. China
| | - Hui Feng
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
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Qu L, Huang X, Su X, Zhu G, Zheng L, Lin J, Wang J, Xue H. Potato: from functional genomics to genetic improvement. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2024; 4:34. [PMID: 39160633 PMCID: PMC11331666 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-024-00105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Potato is the most widely grown non-grain crop and ranks as the third most significant global food crop following rice and wheat. Despite its long history of cultivation over vast areas, slow breeding progress and environmental stress have led to a scarcity of high-yielding potato varieties. Enhancing the quality and yield of potato tubers remains the ultimate objective of potato breeding. However, conventional breeding has faced challenges due to tetrasomic inheritance, high genomic heterozygosity, and inbreeding depression. Recent advancements in molecular biology and functional genomic studies of potato have provided valuable insights into the regulatory network of physiological processes and facilitated trait improvement. In this review, we present a summary of identified factors and genes governing potato growth and development, along with progress in potato genomics and the adoption of new breeding technologies for improvement. Additionally, we explore the opportunities and challenges in potato improvement, offering insights into future avenues for potato research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xueqing Huang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xin Su
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lingli Zheng
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hongwei Xue
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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5
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Sun P, Zhu Z, Jin Z, Xie J, Miao H, Liu J. Molecular Characteristics and Functional Identification of a Key Alpha-Amylase-Encoding Gene AMY11 in Musa acuminata. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7832. [PMID: 39063074 PMCID: PMC11276985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-amylase (AMY) plays a significant role in regulating the growth, development, and postharvest quality formation in plants. Nevertheless, little is known about the genome-wide features, expression patterns, subcellular localization, and functional regulation of AMY genes (MaAMYs) in the common starchy banana (Musa acuminata). Twelve MaAMY proteins from the banana genome database were clustered into two groups and contained a conserved catalytic domain. These MaAMYs formed collinear pairs with the AMYs of maize and rice. Three tandem gene pairs were found within the MaAMYs and are indicative of putative gene duplication events. Cis-acting elements of the MaAMY promoters were found to be involved in phytohormone, development, and stress responses. Furthermore, MaAMY02, 08, 09, and 11 were actively expressed during fruit development and ripening. Specifically, MaAMY11 showed the highest expression level at the middle and later stages of banana ripening. Subcellular localization showed that MaAMY02 and 11 were predominately found in the chloroplast, whereas MaAMY08 and 09 were primarily localized in the cytoplasm. Notably, transient attenuation of MaAMY11 expression resulted in an obvious increase in the starch content of banana fruit, while a significant decrease in starch content was confirmed through the transient overexpression of MaAMY11. Together, these results reveal new insights into the structure, evolution, and expression patterns of the MaAMY family, affirming the functional role of MaAMY11 in the starch degradation of banana fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiguang Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology and Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571101, China; (P.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.X.)
| | - Zhao Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology and Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571101, China; (P.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.X.)
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology and Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571101, China; (P.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.X.)
| | - Jianghui Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology and Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571101, China; (P.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.X.)
| | - Hongxia Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology and Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571101, China; (P.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.X.)
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Juhua Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biological Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology and Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571101, China; (P.S.); (Z.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.X.)
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
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Xu Y, Wang M, Abbas HMK, Xue S, Zhu J, Meng Q, Jin Q, Fu M, Qu S, Zhong Y. Comparing the differences in quality profiles and antioxidant activity in seven pumpkin cultivars ( Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita maxima) at harvest and during postharvest storage. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101383. [PMID: 38665625 PMCID: PMC11043848 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pumpkin, nutritious vegetable, is renowned for its extended shelf life. In this study, seven pumpkin cultivars from Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita maxima were comparatively characterized for 25 physiochemical quality factors, starch granule structures, antioxidant activity, and correlations at 0-60 days of postharvest (dop). The findings revealed that sucrose and carotenoid contents increased in C. moschata, while they initially increased and then decreased in C. maxima. Additionally, acidity, primarily driven by malic acid, decreased in C. maxima but increased in C. maxima. The starch content of C. moschata and C. maxima reached its maximum value at 30 dop and 20 dop, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity correlated with the carotenoid content in both pumpkin species. Conclusively, C. moschata demonstrated improved nutritional and quality at 20-30 dop, while C. maxima exhibited higher commercial suitability at 10-20 dop. The findings suggested that pumpkin storage was crucial for quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Manman Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu 226012, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Abbas
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shudan Xue
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jitong Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qitao Meng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qingmin Jin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Manqin Fu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Shuping Qu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Northeast Agricultural University, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yujuan Zhong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Duan Y, Jin L. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of the α-Amylase ( AMY) Gene Family in Potato. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:793. [PMID: 38927729 PMCID: PMC11202818 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Starch degradation provides energy and signaling molecules for plant growth, development, defense, and stress response. α-amylase (AMY) is one of the most important enzymes in this process. Potato tubers are rich in starch, and the hydrolysis of starch into sugar negatively impacts the frying quality of potato. Despite its importance, the AMY gene family has not been fully explored in potatoes. Here, we performed a detailed analysis of the StAMY gene family to determine its role in potato. Twenty StAMY genes were identified across the potato genome and were divided into three subgroups. The promoters of StAMY genes contained an array of cis-acting elements involved in growth and development, phytohormone signaling, and stress and defense responses. StAMY8, StAMY9, StAMY12, and StAMY20 were specifically expressed in mature tubers. Different StAMY gene family members tended to be upregulated in response to β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), Phytophthora infestans (P. infestans), benzothiadiazole (BTH), heat, salt, and drought stress. In addition, different StAMY gene family members tended to be responsive to abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) treatment. These results suggest that StAMY gene family members may be involved in starch and sugar metabolism, defense, stress response, and phytohormone signaling. The results of this study may be applicable to other starchy crops and lay a foundation for further research on the functions and regulatory mechanisms of AMY genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liping Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crops of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
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Visse-Mansiaux M, Shumbe L, Brostaux Y, Ballmer T, Smit I, Dupuis B, Vanderschuren H. Identification of potato varieties suitable for cold storage and reconditioning: A safer alternative to anti-sprouting chemicals for potato sprouting control. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114249. [PMID: 38609227 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Low temperature storage as an alternative to anti-sprouting chemicals in potato storage may induce reducing sugars (RS) accumulation (i.e. glucose and fructose) in potato tubers. This phenomenon is called "cold induced sweetening" (CIS) and occurs in certain varieties. CIS leads to a decrease in the organoleptic qualities and darkening of processed potato and the accumulation of toxic molecules such as acrylamide. To identify potato varieties suitable for storage at low temperatures, we screened six commercial processing varieties: Lady Claire (LC), Verdi, Kiebitz (KB), Pirol, Agria and Markies for their CIS characteristics and sprout-forming potential after storage at 4 °C and 8 °C. Our findings reveal that 4 °C storage allows for efficient sprout reduction in all six tested varieties for up to 4.5 months of storage. Three CIS-resistant varieties, namely Verdi, Lady Claire and Kiebitz, were identified as able to be stored for up to four months at 4 °C with limited increase in glucose content. Conversely, Pirol, Agria and Markies showed an increase in glucose content with a decrease in storage temperature and can be considered as CIS-susceptible varieties. After processing into crisps, the CIS-susceptible varieties displayed poor crisp color quality (brown to black color crisps) after storage for two months at 4 °C compared to the storage at 8 °C, whereas the CIS-resistant varieties had good crisp color quality (pale yellow color crisps) after storage at both 4 and 8 °C. Interestingly, the trends of total RS and/or glucose content in the CIS-resistant and in the CIS-susceptible varieties were correlated with the trends in Vacuolar Invertase (VInv) gene expression for most varieties, as well as with the trends in acrylamide content after processing. In addition, reconditioning of Markies variety after storage at 4 °C by gradually increasing the temperature to 15 °C resulted in a significant decrease of VInv transcript levels (reduction of 80 %), acrylamide content (reduction of 75 %) and glucose content when compared to a storage at 4 °C without reconditioning. Those results demonstrate that the reconditioning technique is a key factor for a sustainable potato storage and for improving the quality of processed potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Visse-Mansiaux
- Agroscope, Swiss Confederation's Center for Agricultural Research, Plant-Production Systems, Cultivation Techniques and Varieties in Arable Farming, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland; Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Leonard Shumbe
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yves Brostaux
- Applied Statistics, Computer Science and Modeling Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Theodor Ballmer
- Agroscope, Swiss Confederation's Center for Agricultural Research, Plant-Production Systems, Cultivation Techniques and Varieties in Arable Farming, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
| | - Inga Smit
- Max Rubner-Institut (MRI), Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Detmold, Germany.
| | - Brice Dupuis
- Agroscope, Swiss Confederation's Center for Agricultural Research, Plant-Production Systems, Cultivation Techniques and Varieties in Arable Farming, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
| | - Hervé Vanderschuren
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; Tropical Crop Improvement Laboratory, Biosystems Department, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
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9
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Li M, Chen X, Huang W, Wu K, Bai Y, Guo D, Guo C, Shu Y. Comprehensive Identification of the β-Amylase (BAM) Gene Family in Response to Cold Stress in White Clover. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:154. [PMID: 38256708 PMCID: PMC10820397 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is an allopolyploid plant and an excellent perennial legume forage. However, white clover is subjected to various stresses during its growth, with cold stress being one of the major limiting factors affecting its growth and development. Beta-amylase (BAM) is an important starch-hydrolyzing enzyme that plays a significant role in starch degradation and responses to environmental stress. In this study, 21 members of the BAM gene family were identified in the white clover genome. A phylogenetic analysis using BAMs from Arabidopsis divided TrBAMs into four groups based on sequence similarity. Through analysis of conserved motifs, gene duplication, synteny analysis, and cis-acting elements, a deeper understanding of the structure and evolution of TrBAMs in white clover was gained. Additionally, a gene regulatory network (GRN) containing TrBAMs was constructed; gene ontology (GO) annotation analysis revealed close interactions between TrBAMs and AMY (α-amylase) and DPE (4-alpha-glucanotransferase). To determine the function of TrBAMs under various tissues and stresses, RNA-seq datasets were analyzed, showing that most TrBAMs were significantly upregulated in response to biotic and abiotic stresses and the highest expression in leaves. These results were validated through qRT-PCR experiments, indicating their involvement in multiple gene regulatory pathways responding to cold stress. This study provides new insights into the structure, evolution, and function of the white clover BAM gene family, laying the foundation for further exploration of the functional mechanisms through which TrBAMs respond to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; (M.L.); (D.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Xiuhua Chen
- International Agriculture Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China;
| | - Wangqi Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, Yunnan Flower Breeding Key Laboratory, Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China;
| | - Kaiyue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; (M.L.); (D.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Yan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; (M.L.); (D.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Donglin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; (M.L.); (D.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; (M.L.); (D.G.); (C.G.)
| | - Yongjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; (M.L.); (D.G.); (C.G.)
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10
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Yang Y, Sun F, Wang P, Yusuyin M, Kuerban W, Lai C, Li C, Ma J, Xiao F. Genome-Wide Identification and Preliminary Functional Analysis of BAM (β-Amylase) Gene Family in Upland Cotton. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2077. [PMID: 38003020 PMCID: PMC10671626 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-amylase (BAM) gene family encodes important enzymes that catalyze the conversion of starch to maltose in various biological processes of plants and play essential roles in regulating the growth and development of multiple plants. So far, BAMs have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana). However, the characteristics of the BAM gene family in the crucial economic crop, cotton, have not been reported. In this study, 27 GhBAM genes in the genome of Gossypium hirsutum L (G. hirsutum) were identified by genome-wide identification, and they were divided into three groups according to sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationship. The gene structure, chromosome distribution, and collinearity of all GhBAM genes identified in the genome of G. hirsutum were analyzed. Further sequence alignment of the core domain of glucosyl hydrolase showed that all GhBAM family genes had the glycosyl hydrolase family 14 domain. We identified the BAM gene GhBAM7 and preliminarily investigated its function by transcriptional sequencing analysis, qRT-PCR, and subcellular localization. These results suggested that the GhBAM7 gene may influence fiber strength during fiber development. This systematic analysis provides new insight into the transcriptional characteristics of BAM genes in G. hirsutum. It may lay the foundation for further study of the function of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Yang
- Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.Y.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (C.L.)
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Kuqa County Upland Cotton Test Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kuqa 842000, China; (P.W.); (W.K.)
| | - Fenglei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China;
| | - Penglong Wang
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Kuqa County Upland Cotton Test Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kuqa 842000, China; (P.W.); (W.K.)
| | - Mayila Yusuyin
- Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.Y.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Wumaierjiang Kuerban
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Kuqa County Upland Cotton Test Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kuqa 842000, China; (P.W.); (W.K.)
| | - Chengxia Lai
- Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.Y.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Chunping Li
- Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.Y.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Jun Ma
- Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.Y.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Fei Xiao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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11
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Wang L, Jing M, Gu S, Li D, Dai X, Chen Z, Chen J. Genome-Wide Investigation of BAM Gene Family in Annona atemoya: Evolution and Expression Network Profiles during Fruit Ripening. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10516. [PMID: 37445694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
β-amylase proteins (BAM) are important to many aspects of physiological process such as starch degradation. However, little information was available about the BAM genes in Annona atemoya, an important tropical fruit. Seven BAM genes containing the conservative domain of glycoside hydrolase family 14 (PF01373) were identified with Annona atemoya genome, and these BAM genes can be divided into four groups. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that AaBAM3 and AaBAM9 were located in the chloroplast, and AaBAM1.2 was located in the cell membrane and the chloroplast. The AaBAMs belonging to Subfamily I contribute to starch degradation have the higher expression than those belonging to Subfamily II. The analysis of the expression showed that AaBAM3 may function in the whole fruit ripening process, and AaBAM1.2 may be important to starch degradation in other organs. Temperature and ethylene affect the expression of major AaBAM genes in Subfamily I during fruit ripening. These expressions and subcellular localization results indicating β-amylase play an important role in starch degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Minmin Jing
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Shuailei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Xiaohong Dai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China
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12
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Liu T, Kawochar MA, Begum S, Wang E, Zhou T, Jing S, Liu T, Yu L, Nie B, Song B. Potato tonoplast sugar transporter 1 controls tuber sugar accumulation during postharvest cold storage. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad035. [PMID: 37799627 PMCID: PMC10548405 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Cold-induced sweetening (CIS), the undesirable sugar accumulation in cold-stored potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers, is a severe postharvest issue in the potato processing industry. Although the process of sucrose hydrolysis by vacuolar invertase during potato CIS is well understood, there is limited knowledge about the transportation of sucrose from the cytosol to the vacuole during postharvest cold storage. Here, we report that among the three potato tonoplast sugar transporters (TSTs), StTST1 exhibits the highest expression in tubers during postharvest cold storage. Subcellular localization analysis demonstrates that StTST1 is a tonoplast-localized protein. StTST1 knockdown decreases reducing sugar accumulation in tubers during low-temperature storage. Compared to wild-type, potato chips produced from StTST1-silenced tubers displayed significantly lower acrylamide levels and lighter color after cold storage. Transcriptome analysis manifests that suppression of StTST1 promotes starch synthesis and inhibits starch degradation in cold-stored tubers. We further establish that the increased sucrose content in the StTST1-silenced tubers might cause a decrease in the ABA content, thereby inhibiting the ABA-signaling pathway. We demonstrate that the down-regulation of β-amylase StBAM1 in StTST1-silenced tubers might be directly controlled by ABA-responsive element-binding proteins (AREBs). Altogether, we have shown that StTST1 plays a critical role in sugar accumulation and starch metabolism regulation during postharvest cold storage. Thus, our findings provide a new strategy to improve the frying quality of cold-stored tubers and reduce the acrylamide content in potato chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Md Abu Kawochar
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Shahnewaz Begum
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Enshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Shenglin Jing
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Liu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Bihua Nie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 China
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13
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Ma L, Liu Y, Han Y, Deng H, Jiang H, Ren Y, Bi Y, Wang Y, Prusky D. Mechanical wounds expedited starch degradation in the wound tissues of potato tubers. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:124036. [PMID: 36921818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Starch degradation occurs rapidly in stressed plants, but it is unclear how starch degradation occurs in potato tubers after they incur mechanical wounding. In this study, we found that wounding significantly upregulated the expression levels of StGWD, StAMY, StBAM, and StISA, and decreased the starch content of potato tubers. Meanwhile, wounding markedly upregulated the expression levels of StSUS, StBG, and StINV genes, and increased the content of sucrose, glucose, and fructose. Furthermore, wounding reduced the proportion of small starch granules and increase that of large as well as medium starch granules, in this way enhancing the average size distribution of starch. Initially, the hard surface layer of starch granules was removed by wounding, but the internal channels and other structures were only slightly affected. Taken together, the results show that wounding can accelerate starch degradation by promoting the accumulation of sucrose, glucose, and fructose, and the hydrolysis of starch granules in potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ye Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huiwen Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yingyue Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Dov Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
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14
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Qiu Q, Tian X, Wu G, Wu J, Fan X, Yuan D. Comparative analysis of the transcriptome during single-seed formation of Castanea henryi: regulation of starch metabolism and endogenous hormones. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:90. [PMID: 36782110 PMCID: PMC9926639 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In seed plants, the ovule is the precursor to the seed. The process of ovule development and differentiation is regulated by multiple factors, including starch metabolism and endogenous hormones. Castanea henryi produces nuts with high nutritional value. However, the high proportion of empty buds restricts the commercial use of the tree. Previous studies have shown that the empty bud phenotype is closely related to ovule abortion. If none of the ovules in the ovary expand rapidly and develop in 7-8 weeks after pollination, an empty bud will form. Therefore, we studied the development and molecular mechanisms underlying single seed formation in C. henryi. RESULTS We found that 49 days after pollination (DAP) is a critical period for the formation of fertile and abortive ovules. The morphology and starch distribution of the fertile and abortive ovules differed significantly at 49 DAP. The fertile ovules were smooth and round in appearance, with a large amount of starch. In contrast, abortive ovules were smaller with only a small amount of starch. The embryo sac of the abortive ovule proceeded to develop abnormally, and the entire ovule lacked starch. We identified 37 candidate genes involved in metabolism with potential roles in the regulation of starch levels. Three ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) genes, one granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) gene, and two beta-amylase genes could affect starch accumulation. The levels of auxin, cytokinins, gibberellins, and jasmonic acid in fertile ovules were higher than those in abortive ovules. In addition, the levels of endogenous abscisic acid and salicylic acid in abortive ovules were higher than those in fertile ovules of the same age, consistent with the expression patterns of genes related to the synthesis of abscisic and salicylic acid and signal transduction. We identified and mapped the differentially expressed genes associated with hormone synthesis and signal transduction. CONCLUSIONS These results improve our general understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying single seed development in C. henryi and the phenomenon of empty buds, providing directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- Key Lab of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | | | - Guolong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- Key Lab of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Juntao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- Key Lab of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
- Key Lab of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Deyi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
- Key Lab of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
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15
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Zhang J, Yao J, Mao L, Li Q, Wang L, Lin Q. Low temperature reduces potato wound formation by inhibiting phenylpropanoid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1109953. [PMID: 36743579 PMCID: PMC9889875 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1109953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Potato tubers have the healing capacity to prevent surface water transpiration and pathogen invasion after mechanical damage. Previous research has shown the inability to form healing periderm in potatoes under low temperatures, but the potential mechanism is still unclear. METHODS To explore the effects and mechanisms of low-temperature potato healing, wounded potatoes were stored at low temperature (4°C) and room temperature (22°C), respectively. RESULTS In this study, compared with 22°C healing, low temperature reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide, and the down-regulation of StAMY23 inhibited the conversion of starch to sugar, alleviated the degradation of starch, and reduced the content of soluble sugars and sucrose. Meanwhile, inhibition of phenylalanine metabolism by suppression of StPAL1 and St4CL expression reduced lignin accumulation. Low temperature also down-regulated the expression of StKCS6, StFAOH, StGPAT5, and StPrx, causing the lower deposition amount of suberin in wounds of potato tubers. DISCUSSION The above results suggested that low temperature led to less wound tissue deposition at the wound surfaces via suppressing phenylpropanoid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis in potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Yao
- School of Biomedicine, Beijing City University, Beijing, China
| | - Linli Mao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Liang G, Hou Y, Wang H, Wang P, Mao J, Chen B. VaBAM1 weakens cold tolerance by interacting with the negative regulator VaSR1 to suppress β-amylase expression. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1394-1404. [PMID: 36436609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cold stress is a key climatic factor that limits grape productivity and quality. Although β-amylase (BAM) is known to play an important role as a mediator of starch degradation under conditions of cold stress, the mechanism by which BAM regulates cold tolerance in grape remains unclear. Here, we identified VaBAM1 from Vitis amurensis and characterized its interactive regulating mechanism under cold stress in Arabidopsis thaliana and grape. VaBAM1-overexpressing A. thaliana plants (OEs) exhibited high freezing tolerance. Soluble sugar content and amylase activity were increased in OEs and VaBAM1-overexpressing grape calli (VaBAM1-OEs) under cold stress; however, they were decreased in grape calli in which VaBAM1 was edited using CRISPR/Cas9. The results of yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and pull-down experiments showed that serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (VaSR1) interacted with VaBAM1. Furthermore, the expression of VaSR1 was opposite that of VaBAM1 in phloem tissue of Vitis amurensis during winter dormancy. In VaSR1-overexpressing grape calli (VaSR1-OEs), BAM activity and the expression levels of C-repeat binding transcription factor and cold response genes were all significantly lower than that in untransformed calli subjected to cold stress. Moreover, VvBAM1 was downregulated in VaSR1-OEs under cold stress. Overall, we identified that VaSR1 interacts with VaBAM1, negatively regulating BAM activity and resulting in decreased plant cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Liang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yingjun Hou
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Juan Mao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Baihong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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17
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Teper‐Bamnolker P, Roitman M, Katar O, Peleg N, Aruchamy K, Suher S, Doron‐Faigenboim A, Leibman D, Omid A, Belausov E, Andersson M, Olsson N, Fält A, Volpin H, Hofvander P, Gal‐On A, Eshel D. An alternative pathway to plant cold tolerance in the absence of vacuolar invertase activity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:327-341. [PMID: 36448213 PMCID: PMC10107833 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To cope with cold stress, plants have developed antioxidation strategies combined with osmoprotection by sugars. In potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers, which are swollen stems, exposure to cold stress induces starch degradation and sucrose synthesis. Vacuolar acid invertase (VInv) activity is a significant part of the cold-induced sweetening (CIS) response, by rapidly cleaving sucrose into hexoses and increasing osmoprotection. To discover alternative plant tissue pathways for coping with cold stress, we produced VInv-knockout lines in two cultivars. Genome editing of VInv in 'Désirée' and 'Brooke' was done using stable and transient expression of CRISPR/Cas9 components, respectively. After storage at 4°C, sugar analysis indicated that the knockout lines showed low levels of CIS and maintained low acid invertase activity in storage. Surprisingly, the tuber parenchyma of vinv lines exhibited significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and reduced H2 O2 levels. Furthermore, whole plants of vinv lines exposed to cold stress without irrigation showed normal vigor, in contrast to WT plants, which wilted. Transcriptome analysis of vinv lines revealed upregulation of an osmoprotectant pathway and ethylene-related genes during cold temperature exposure. Accordingly, higher expression of antioxidant-related genes was detected after exposure to short and long cold storage. Sugar measurements showed an elevation of an alternative pathway in the absence of VInv activity, raising the raffinose pathway with increasing levels of myo-inositol content as a cold tolerance response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Teper‐Bamnolker
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Marina Roitman
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in AgricultureThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot76100Israel
| | - Omri Katar
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in AgricultureThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot76100Israel
| | - Noam Peleg
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in AgricultureThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot76100Israel
| | - Kalaivani Aruchamy
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Shlomit Suher
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in AgricultureThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot76100Israel
| | - Adi Doron‐Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Diana Leibman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Ayelet Omid
- Danziger Innovations LimitedMishmar HashivaIsrael
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Mariette Andersson
- Department of Plant BreedingSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Niklas Olsson
- Department of Plant BreedingSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Ann‐Sofie Fält
- Department of Plant BreedingSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Hanne Volpin
- Danziger Innovations LimitedMishmar HashivaIsrael
| | - Per Hofvander
- Department of Plant BreedingSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Amit Gal‐On
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Dani Eshel
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
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Liu T, Kawochar MA, Liu S, Cheng Y, Begum S, Wang E, Zhou T, Liu T, Cai X, Song B. Suppression of the tonoplast sugar transporter, StTST3.1, affects transitory starch turnover and plant growth in potato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:342-356. [PMID: 36444716 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Transitory starch and vacuolar sugars function as highly dynamic pools of instantly accessible metabolites in plant leaf cells. Their metabolic regulation is critical for plant survival. The tonoplast sugar transporters (TSTs), responsible for sugar uptake into vacuoles, regulate cellular sugar partitioning and vacuolar sugar accumulation. However, whether TSTs are involved in leaf transient starch turnover and plant growth is unclear. Here, we found that suppressing StTST3.1 resulted in growth retardation and pale green leaves in potato plants. StTST3.1-silenced plants displayed abnormal chloroplasts and impaired photosynthetic performance. The subcellular localization assay and the oscillation expression patterns revealed that StTST3.1 encoded a tonoplast-localized protein and responded to photoperiod. Moreover, RNA-seq analyses identified that starch synthase (SS2 and SS6) and glucan water, dikinase (GWD), were downregulated in StTST3.1-silenced lines. Correspondingly, the capacity for starch synthesis and degradation was decreased in StTST3.1-silenced lines. Surprisingly, StTST3.1-silenced leaves accumulated exceptionally high levels of maltose but low levels of sucrose and hexose. Additionally, chlorophyll content was reduced in StTST3.1-silenced leaves. Analysis of chlorophyll metabolic pathways found that Non-Yellow Coloring 1 (NYC1)-like (NOL), encoding a chloroplast-localized key enzyme that catalyzes the initial step of chlorophyll b degradation, was upregulated in StTST3.1-silenced leaves. Transient overexpression of StNOL accelerated chlorophyll b degradation in tobacco leaves. Our results indicated that StTST3.1 is involved in transitory starch turnover and chlorophyll metabolism, thereby playing a critical role in normal potato plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Md Abu Kawochar
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Shengxuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Cheng
- College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, People's Republic of China
| | - Shahnewaz Begum
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Enshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingkui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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Liu J, Miao H, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhen Y, Wang J, Jia C, Xu B, Li X, Xie J, Jin Z. Elucidating the role of MaBAM9b in starch degradation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 325:111497. [PMID: 36244523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Banana is a typical starch conversion fruit. The high content of starch at harvest is quickly digested and converted to soluble sugars during the postharvest ripening process, ultimately contributing to fruit flavor. This process is regulated in a complex manner by genes and environmental factors. MaBAM9b is one of the main enzyme genes previously found by transcriptomic analysis to be highly expressed in banana fruit. However, its exact role in starch degradation remains unclear. Here, full-length MaBAM9b was isolated from banana fruit, and its subcellular localization, protein expression, and transient expression in banana fruit slices were investigated. In addition, sense and anti-sense MaBAM9b were transformed into rice (Oryza sativa L. japonica. cv. 'Nipponbare') to identify the function of MaBAM9b. MaBAM9b was 1599 bp and encoded 532 amino acids. It contained two conserved domains of PLN02803 and glycosyl hydrolase family 14 and was localized in the chloroplast. The protein expression pattern of MaBAM9b remained consistently high throughout banana fruit ripening and starch degradation. Transient overexpression or inhibition of MaBAM9b in banana fruit greatly improved or suppressed starch degradation. Genetic modification of rice indicated that overexpression of MaBAM9b greatly improved starch degradation and seed germination, while inhibition of its expression suppressed these biological processes. These results support the key role of MaBAM9b in starch degradation and provide a target gene for banana fruit quality improvement and biological breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Liu
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China; School of Horticulture, Hainan University, 571100 Haikou, China.
| | - Hongxia Miao
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China
| | - Yudi Wang
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, 571100 Haikou, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China
| | - Yunke Zhen
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China
| | - Caihong Jia
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China
| | - Biyu Xu
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China
| | - Xinguo Li
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, 571100 Haikou, China.
| | - Jianghui Xie
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- Sanya Research Institute; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101 Haikou, China.
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Comparative Proteomics of Potato Cultivars with a Variable Dormancy Period. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196621. [PMID: 36235158 PMCID: PMC9573702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The control of the duration of the dormancy phase is a significant challenge in the potato industry and for seed producers. However, the proteome landscape involved in the regulation of the length of the dormancy period over potato cultivars remains largely unexplored. In this study, we performed for the first time a comparative proteome profiling of potato cultivars with differential duration of tuber dormancy. More specifically, the proteome profiling of Agata, Kennebec and Agria commercial potato varieties with short, medium and medium-long dormancy, respectively, was assessed at the endodormancy stage using high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled to reversed-phase liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-TripleTOF MS/MS). A total of 11 proteins/isoforms with statistically significant differential abundance among cultivars were detected on 2-DE gels and confidently identified by LC-TripleTOF MS/MS. Identified proteins have known functions related to tuber development, sprouting and the oxylipins biosynthesis pathway. Fructokinase, a mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier, catalase isozyme 2 and heat shock 70 kDa were the proteins with the strongest response to dormancy variations. To the best of our knowledge, this study reports the first candidate proteins underlying variable dormancy length in potato cultivars.
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Kulakova A, Efremov G, Shchennikova A, Kochieva E. Dependence of the content of starch and reducing sugars on the level of expression of the genes of β-amylases StBAM1 and StBAM9 and the amylase inhibitor StAI during long-term low-temperature storage of potato tubers. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:507-514. [PMID: 36313822 PMCID: PMC9556308 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Solanum tuberosum L. is the most important non-grain starch crop with a potential yield of 38-48 t/ha and a starch content of 13.2-18.7 %. Potato tubers are stored at a low temperature (2-4 °C) in a state of physiological dormancy. A disadvantage of this type of storage is the degradation of starch and the accumulation of reducing sugars (cold-induced sweetening), including due to an increase in the activity of β-amylases that hydrolyze starch to maltose. In this study, a comparative analysis of the β-amylase (StBAM1, StBAM9) and amylase inhibitor (StAI ) gene expression, as well as starch and reducing sugar content in tubers during long-term low-temperature storage (September, February, April) was performed using potato cultivars Nadezhda, Barin, Krasavchik, Severnoe siyanie and Utro. The β-amylase genes, StBAM9 and one of the two StBAM1 homologs (with the highest degree of homology with AtBAM1), were selected based on phylogenetic analysis data. Evaluation of the expression of these genes and the amylase inhibitor gene showed a tendency to decrease in transcription for all analyzed cultivars. The starch content also significantly decreased during tuber storage. The amount of reducing sugars increased in the September-April period, while in February-April, their content did not change (Krasavchik), decreased (Barin, Severnoe siyanie) or continued to grow (Utro, Nadezhda). It can be assumed that the gene activity of StBAM1 and StBAM9 correlates with the amount of starch (positively) and monosaccharides (negatively). The level of StAI expression, in turn, may be directly dependent on the level of StBAM1 expression. At the same time, there is no relationship between the degree of cultivar predisposition to cold-induced sweetening and the expression profile of the StBAM1, StBAM9, and StAI genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.V. Kulakova
- Institute of Bioengineering, Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - G.I. Efremov
- Institute of Bioengineering, Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A.V. Shchennikova
- Institute of Bioengineering, Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E.Z. Kochieva
- Institute of Bioengineering, Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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22
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Shi W, Ma Q, Yin W, Liu T, Song Y, Chen Y, Song L, Sun H, Hu S, Liu T, Jiang R, Lv D, Song B, Wang J, Liu X. The transcription factor StTINY3 enhances cold-induced sweetening resistance by coordinating starch resynthesis and sucrose hydrolysis in potato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4968-4980. [PMID: 35511088 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of reducing sugars in cold-stored tubers, known as cold-induced sweetening (CIS), negatively affects potato processing quality. The starch to sugar interconversion pathways that are altered in cold-stored CIS tubers have been elucidated, but the mechanism that regulates them remains largely unknown. This study identified a CBF/DREB transcription factor (StTINY3) that enhances CIS resistance by both activating starch biosynthesis and repressing the hydrolysis of sucrose to reducing sugars in detached cold-stored tubers. Silencing StTINY3 in a CIS-resistant genotype decreased CIS resistance, while overexpressing StTINY3 in a CIS-sensitive genotype increased CIS resistance, and altering StTINY3 expression was associated with expression changes in starch resynthesis-related genes. We showed first that overexpressing StTINY3 inhibited sucrose hydrolysis by enhancing expression of the invertase inhibitor gene StInvInh2, and second that StTINY3 promoted starch resynthesis by up-regulating a large subunit of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene StAGPaseL3, and the glucose-6-phosphate transporter gene StG6PT2. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we revealed that StTINY3 is a nuclear-localized transcriptional activator that directly binds to the dehydration-responsive element/CRT cis-element in the promoters of StInvInh2 and StAGPaseL3. Taken together, these findings established that StTINY3 influences CIS resistance in cold-stored tubers by coordinately modulating the starch to sugar interconversion pathways and is a good target for improving potato processing quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Shi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education. Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qiuqin Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Wang Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education. Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yuhao Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuanya Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Linjin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hui Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shuting Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education. Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Dianqiu Lv
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education. Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jichun Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xun Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
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Ma Y, Han Y, Feng X, Gao H, Cao B, Song L. Genome-wide identification of BAM (β-amylase) gene family in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) and expression in response to abiotic stress. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:438. [PMID: 35698031 PMCID: PMC9195466 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated temperature and drought stress have substantial impacts on fruit quality, especially in terms of sugar metabolism and content. β-Amylase (BAM) plays a critical role in regulating jujube fruit sugar levels and abiotic stress response. Nevertheless, little is known about the regulatory functions of the BAM genes in jujube fruit. RESULTS Nine jujube BAM genes were identified, clustered into four groups, and characterized to elucidate their structure, function, and distribution. Multiple sequence alignment and gene structure analysis showed that all ZjBAM genes contain Glu-186 and Glu-380 residues and are highly conserved. Phylogenetic and synteny analysis further indicated that the ZjBAM gene family is evolutionarily conserved and formed collinear pairs with the BAM genes of peach, apple, poplar, Arabidopsis thaliana, and cucumber. A single tandem gene pair was found within the ZjBAM gene family and is indicative of putative gene duplication events. We also explored the physicochemical properties, conserved motifs, and chromosomal and subcellular localization of ZjBAM genes as well as the interaction networks and 3D structures of ZjBAM proteins. A promoter cis-acting element analysis suggested that ZjBAM promoters comprise elements related to growth, development, phytohormones, and stress response. Furthermore, a metabolic pathways annotation analysis showed that ZjBAMs are significantly upregulated in the starch and sucrose metabolism, thereby controlling starch-maltose interconversion and hydrolyzing starch to maltose. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that ZjBAMs respond positively to elevated temperature and drought stress. Specifically, ZjBAM1, ZjBAM2, ZjBAM5, and ZjBAM6 are significantly upregulated in response to severe drought. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis demonstrated ZjBAM1-ZjAMY3, ZjBAM8-ZjDPE1, and ZjBAM7-ZjDPE1 protein interactions that were mainly present in the plasma membrane and nucleus. CONCLUSION The jujube BAM gene family exhibits high evolutionary conservation. The various expression patterns of ZjBAM gene family members indicate that they play key roles in jujube growth, development, and abiotic stress response. Additionally, ZjBAMs interact with α-amylase and glucanotransferase. Collectively, the present study provides novel insights into the structure, evolution, and functions of the jujube BAM gene family, thus laying a foundation for further exploration of ZjBAM functional mechanisms in response to elevated temperature and drought stress, while opening up avenues for the development of economic forests in arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yaru Han
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xuerui Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Handong Gao
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
- Southern Tree Seed Inspection Center, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Bing Cao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Lihua Song
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
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Sergeeva EM, Larichev KT, Salina EA, Kochetov AV. Starch metabolism in potato <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:250-263. [PMID: 35774362 PMCID: PMC9168746 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch is a major storage carbohydrate in plants. It is an important source of calories in the human and animal diet. Also, it is widely used in various industries. Native starch consists of water-insoluble semicrystalline granules formed by natural glucose polymers amylose and amylopectin. The physicochemical properties of starch are determined by the amylose:amylopectin ratio in the granule and degrees of their polymerization and phosphorylation. Potato Solanum tuberosum L. is one of the main starch-producing crops. Growing industrial needs necessitate the breeding of plant varieties with increased starch content and specified starch properties. This task demands detailed information on starch metabolism in the producing plant. It is a complex process, requiring the orchestrated work of many enzymes, transporter and targeting proteins, transcription factors, and other regulators. Two types of starch are recognized with regard to their biological functions. Transitory starch is synthesized in chloroplasts of photosynthetic organs and degraded in the absence of light, providing carbohydrates for cell needs. Storage starch is synthesized and stored in amyloplasts of storage organs: grains and tubers. The main enzymatic reactions of starch biosynthesis and degradation, as well as carbohydrate transport and metabolism, are well known in the case of transitory starch of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Less is known about features of starch metabolism in storage organs, in particular, potato tubers. Several issues remain obscure: the roles of enzyme isoforms and different regulatory factors in tissues at various plant developmental stages and under different environmental conditions; alternative enzymatic processes; targeting and transport proteins. In this review, the key enzymatic reactions of plant carbohydrate metabolism, transitory and storage starch biosynthesis,
and starch degradation are discussed, and features specific for potato are outlined. Attention is also paid to the
known regulatory factors affecting starch metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Sergeeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - K. T. Larichev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - E. A. Salina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. V. Kochetov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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25
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Yu J, Xu S, Liu X, Li T, Zhang D, Teng N, Wu Z. Starch Degradation and Sucrose Accumulation of Lily Bulbs after Cold Storage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4366. [PMID: 35457184 PMCID: PMC9029042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional lilies are a group of edible lily cultivars with great potential for landscape application. Low-temperature storage can significantly improve their taste, but the knowledge of this process is largely unknown. In this study, we used the functional lilies 'Fly Shaohua' and 'Fly Tiancheng' as materials. Through physiological observation and transcriptome analysis during the bulbs' cold storage, it was found that the starch degradation and sucrose accumulation in bulbs contributed to taste improvement. After 60 d of cold storage, the sucrose accumulation was highest and the starch content was lower in the bulbs, suggesting this time-point was optimal for consumption. Accompanying the fluctuation of sucrose content during cold storage, the enzyme activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase for sucrose synthesis were increased. Transcriptome analysis showed that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, which might promote the conversion of starch to sucrose in bulbs. In addition, the DEGs involved in dormancy and stress response were also determined during cold storage, which might explain the decreased sucrose accumulation with extended storage time over 60 d due to the energy consumption for dormancy release. Taken together, our results indicated sucrose accumulation was a main factor in the taste improvement of lily bulbs after cold storage, which is attributable to the different gene expression of starch and sucrose metabolism pathways in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (T.L.); (D.Z.); (N.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sujuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (T.L.); (D.Z.); (N.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (T.L.); (D.Z.); (N.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (T.L.); (D.Z.); (N.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dehua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (T.L.); (D.Z.); (N.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Nianjun Teng
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (T.L.); (D.Z.); (N.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Y.); (S.X.); (X.L.); (T.L.); (D.Z.); (N.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Yan H, Wen F, Xiang H, Wen Y, Shang D, Liu A, Niu Y, Xia Q, Wang G. Biochemical characterization and overexpression of an α-amylase (BmAmy) in silkworm, Bombyx mori. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:251-259. [PMID: 34923696 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is the only fully domesticated insect. As an economically important insect, nutrition utilization is important for its productivity. Hence, the present study investigated the expression pattern of BmAmy, an α-amylase, in B. mori. BmAmy protein purification and biochemical characterization were performed, and effects of BmAmy overexpression were assessed. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction indicated that BmAmy transcription was positively correlated with the silkworm's food intate. Moreover, enzymatic activity assay results showed that BmAmy had significant α-amylase activity of about 1 mg/min/mg protein. Furthermore, treatment with mulberry amylase inhibitors MnAI1 and MnAI2 resulted to 89.92% and 93.67% inhibition in BmAmy activity, respectively, and the interaction between BmAmy and MnAI was also confirmed by protein docking analysis. A silkworm line that specifically overexpressed BmAmy in the midgut was generated through piggyBac-based transgenic technology, and compared to those of non-transgenic silkworms, the whole cocoon and cocoon shell weights of these transgenic silkworms increased by 10.13% and 18.32%, respectively, in the female group, and by 5.83% and 6.00%, respectively, in the male group. These results suggested that BmAmy may be a suitable target for breeding better silkworm varieties in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Research and Development Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiying Xiang
- Research and Development Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming, China
| | - Yuchan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Deli Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Anyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yicheng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Genhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Kawochar MA, Cheng Y, Begum S, Wang E, Zhou T, Liu T, Liu T, Song B. Suppression of the tonoplast sugar transporter StTST3.2 improves quality of potato chips. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 269:153603. [PMID: 34959218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Which sugar transporter regulates sugar accumulation in tubers is largely unknown. Accumulation of reducing sugar (RS) in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers negatively affects the quality of tubers undergoing the frying process. However, little is known about the genes involved in regulating RS content in tubers at harvest. Here, we have identified two tonoplast sugar transporter (TST) 3-type isoforms (StTST3.1 and StTST3.2) in potato. Quantitative real-time PCR results indicate that StTST3.1 and StTST3.2 possess distinct expression patterns in various potato tissues. StTST3.2 was found to be the expressed TST3-type isoform in tubers. Further subcellular localization analysis revealed that StTST3.2 was targeted to the tonoplast. Silencing of StTST3.2 in potato by stable transformation resulted in significantly lower RS content in tubers at harvest or after room temperature storage, suggesting StTST3.2 plays an important role in RS accumulation in tubers. Accordingly, compared with the unsilenced control, potato chips processed from StTST3.2-silenced tubers exhibited lighter color and dramatically decreased acrylamide production at harvest or after room temperature storage. In addition, we demonstrated that silencing of StTST3.2 has no significant effect on potato growth and development. Thus, suppression of StTST3.2 could be another effective approach for improving processing quality and decreasing acrylamide content in potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abu Kawochar
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Yunxia Cheng
- College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China
| | - Shahnewaz Begum
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Enshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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Liu J, Liu M, Wang J, Zhang J, Miao H, Wang Z, Jia C, Zhang J, Xu B, Jin Z. Transcription factor MaMADS36 plays a central role in regulating banana fruit ripening. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:7078-7091. [PMID: 34282447 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bananas are model fruits for studying starch conversion and climactericity. Starch degradation and ripening are two important biological processes that occur concomitantly in banana fruit. Ethylene biosynthesis and postharvest fruit ripening processes, i.e. starch degradation, fruit softening, and sugar accumulation, are highly correlated and thus could be controlled by a common regulatory switch. However, this switch has not been identified. In this study, we transformed red banana (Musa acuminata L.) with sense and anti-sense constructs of the MaMADS36 transcription factor gene (also MuMADS1, Ma05_g18560.1). Analysis of these lines showed that MaMADS36 interacts with 74 other proteins to form a co-expression network and could act as an important switch to regulate ethylene biosynthesis, starch degradation, softening, and sugar accumulation. Among these target genes, musa acuminata beta-amylase 9b (MaBAM9b, Ma05_t07800.1), which encodes a starch degradation enzyme, was selected to further investigate the regulatory mechanism of MaMADS36. Our findings revealed that MaMADS36 directly binds to the CA/T(r)G box of the MaBAM9b promoter to increase MaBAM9b transcription and, in turn, enzyme activity and starch degradation during ripening. These results will further our understanding of the fine regulatory mechanisms of MADS-box transcription factors in regulating fruit ripening, which can be applied to breeding programs to improve fruit shelf-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hongxia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Caihong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Biyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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Acha G, Vergara R, Muñoz M, Mora R, Aguirre C, Muñoz M, Kalazich J, Prieto H. A Traceable DNA-Replicon Derived Vector to Speed Up Gene Editing in Potato: Interrupting Genes Related to Undesirable Postharvest Tuber Traits as an Example. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1882. [PMID: 34579415 PMCID: PMC8468489 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), protoplast techniques are limited to a few genotypes; thus, the use of regular regeneration procedures of multicellular explants causes us to face complexities associated to CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing efficiency and final identification of individuals. Geminivirus-based replicons contained in T-DNAs could provide an improvement to these procedures considering their cargo capability. We built a Bean yellow dwarf virus-derived replicon vector, pGEF-U, that expresses all the editing reagents under a multi-guide RNA condition, and the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) marker gene. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer experiments were carried out on 'Yagana-INIA', a relevant local variety with no previous regeneration protocol. Assays showed that pGEF-U had GFP transient expression for up to 10 days post-infiltration when leaf explants were used. A dedicated potato genome analysis tool allowed for the design of guide RNA pairs to induce double cuts of genes associated to enzymatic browning (StPPO1 and 2) and to cold-induced sweetening (StvacINV1 and StBAM1). Monitoring GFP at 7 days post-infiltration, explants led to vector validation as well as to selection for regeneration (34.3% of starting explants). Plant sets were evaluated for the targeted deletion, showing individuals edited for StPPO1 and StBAM1 genes (1 and 4 lines, respectively), although with a transgenic condition. While no targeted deletion was seen in StvacINV1 and StPPO2 plant sets, stable GFP-expressing calli were chosen for analysis; we observed different repair alternatives, ranging from the expected loss of large gene fragments to those showing punctual insertions/deletions at both cut sites or incomplete repairs along the target region. Results validate pGEF-U for gene editing coupled to regular regeneration protocols, and both targeted deletion and single site editings encourage further characterization of the set of plants already generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Acha
- Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología, Universidad de Santiago, Santiago 9170020, Chile;
| | - Ricardo Vergara
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-La Platina, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (M.M.); (R.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Marisol Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-La Platina, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (M.M.); (R.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Roxana Mora
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-La Platina, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (M.M.); (R.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Carlos Aguirre
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-La Platina, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (M.M.); (R.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Manuel Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-Remehue, Osorno 5290000, Chile;
| | - Julio Kalazich
- Carrera de Agronomía, Campus Osorno, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile;
| | - Humberto Prieto
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-La Platina, Santiago 8831314, Chile; (M.M.); (R.M.); (C.A.)
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30
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Sun S, Hu C, Qi X, Chen J, Zhong Y, Muhammad A, Lin M, Fang J. The AaCBF4-AaBAM3.1 module enhances freezing tolerance of kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:97. [PMID: 33931620 PMCID: PMC8087828 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Beta-amylase (BAM) plays an important role in plant resistance to cold stress. However, the specific role of the BAM gene in freezing tolerance is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that a cold-responsive gene module was involved in the freezing tolerance of kiwifruit. In this module, the expression of AaBAM3.1, which encodes a functional protein, was induced by cold stress. AaBAM3.1-overexpressing kiwifruit lines showed increased freezing tolerance, and the heterologous overexpression of AaBAM3.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in a similar phenotype. The results of promoter GUS activity and cis-element analyses predicted AaCBF4 to be an upstream transcription factor that could regulate AaBAM3.1 expression. Further investigation of protein-DNA interactions by using yeast one-hybrid, GUS coexpression, and dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed that AaCBF4 directly regulated AaBAM3.1 expression. In addition, the expression of both AaBAM3.1 and AaCBF4 in kiwifruit responded positively to cold stress. Hence, we conclude that the AaCBF-AaBAM module is involved in the positive regulation of the freezing tolerance of kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Tree Growth, Development and Quality Control, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chungen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiujuan Qi
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Tree Growth, Development and Quality Control, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Jinyong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Tree Growth, Development and Quality Control, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Tree Growth, Development and Quality Control, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Abid Muhammad
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Tree Growth, Development and Quality Control, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Miaomiao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Tree Growth, Development and Quality Control, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
| | - Jinbao Fang
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Tree Growth, Development and Quality Control, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
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31
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Dyachenko EA, Kulakova AV, Meleshin AA, Shchennikova AV, Kochieva EZ. Amylase Inhibitor SbAI in Potato Species: Structure, Variability and Expression Pattern. RUSS J GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279542101004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Hormonal and transcriptional analyses provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying root thickening and isoflavonoid biosynthesis in Callerya speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) Schot. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9. [PMID: 33420059 PMCID: PMC7794344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Callerya speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) Schot is a traditional Chinese medicine characterized by tuberous roots as the main organ of isoflavonoid accumulation. Root thickening and isoflavonoid accumulation are two major factors for yield and quality of C. speciosa. However, the underlying mechanisms of root thickening and isoflavonoid biosynthesis have not yet been elucidated. Here, integrated morphological, hormonal and transcriptomic analyses of C. speciosa tuberous roots at four different ages (6, 12, 18, 30 months after germination) were performed. The growth cycle of C. speciosa could be divided into three stages: initiation, rapid-thickening and stable-thickening stage, which cued by the activity of vascular cambia. Endogenous changes in phytohormones were associated with developmental changes during root thickening. Jasmonic acid might be linked to the initial development of tuberous roots. Abscisic acid seemed to be essential for tuber maturation, whereas IAA, cis-zeatin and gibberellin 3 were considered essential for rapid thickening of tuberous roots. A total of 4337 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified during root thickening, including 15 DEGs participated in isoflavonoid biosynthesis, and 153 DEGs involved in starch/sucrose metabolism, hormonal signaling, transcriptional regulation and cell wall metabolism. A hypothetical model of genetic regulation associated with root thickening and isoflavonoid biosynthesis in C. speciosa is proposed, which will help in understanding the underlying mechanisms of tuberous root formation and isoflavonoid biosynthesis.
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Liu X, Chen L, Shi W, Xu X, Li Z, Liu T, He Q, Xie C, Nie B, Song B. Comparative transcriptome reveals distinct starch-sugar interconversion patterns in potato genotypes contrasting for cold-induced sweetening capacity. Food Chem 2020; 334:127550. [PMID: 32693335 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Potato accumulates large amounts of soluble sugar during cold storage periods. However, a system based understanding of this process is still largely unknown. Here, we compared the dynamic cold-responded transcriptome of genotypes between cold-induced sweetening resistant (CIS-R) and cold-induced sweetening sensitive (CIS-S) in tubers. Comparative transcriptome revealed that activating the pathways of starch degradation, sucrose synthesis and hydrolysis could be common strategies in response to cold in both genotypes. Moreover, the variation in sugar accumulation between genotypes may be due to genetic differences in cold response, which could be mainly explained: CIS-R genotype was active in starch synthesis and attenuated in sucrose hydrolysis by promoting the coordinate expression of aseries ofgenes involved in starch-sugar interconversion. Additionally, transcription factors, the candidate master regulators of starch-sugar interconversion, were discussed. Taken together, this work has provided an avenue for studying the mechanism involved in the regulation of the CIS resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Weiling Shi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhijing Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Bihua Nie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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34
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Datir SS, Yousf S, Sharma S, Kochle M, Ravikumar A, Chugh J. Cold storage reveals distinct metabolic perturbations in processing and non-processing cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Sci Rep 2020; 10:6268. [PMID: 32286457 PMCID: PMC7156394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold-induced sweetening (CIS) causes considerable losses to the potato processing industry wherein the selection of potato genotypes using biochemical information has found to be advantageous. Here, 1H NMR spectroscopy was performed to identify metabolic perturbations from tubers of five potato cultivars (Atlantic, Frito Lay-1533, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Pukhraj, and PU1) differing in their CIS ability and processing characteristics at harvest and after cold storage (4 °C). Thirty-nine water-soluble metabolites were detected wherein significantly affected metabolites after cold storage were categorized into sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, and organic acids. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated significant differences in the metabolic profiles among the potato cultivars. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that carbohydrates, amino acids, and organic acids are the key players in CIS. Interestingly, one of the processing cultivars, FL-1533, exhibited a unique combination of metabolites represented by low levels of glucose, fructose, and asparagine accompanied by high citrate levels. Conversely, non-processing cultivars (Kufri Pukhraj and Kufri Jyoti) showed elevated glucose, fructose, and malate levels. Our results indicate that metabolites such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, asparagine, glutamine, citrate, malate, proline, 4-aminobutyrate can be potentially utilized for the prediction, selection, and development of potato cultivars for long-term storage, nutritional, as well as processing attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar S Datir
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India. .,Biology Department, Biosciences Complex, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Saleem Yousf
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Shilpy Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Mohit Kochle
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Ameeta Ravikumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Jeetender Chugh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411008, India. .,Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411008, India.
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Slugina MA, Filyushin MA, Meleshin AA, Shchennikova AV, Kochieva EZ. Differences in the Amylase Inhibitor Gene SbAI Expression in Potato during Long-Term Tuber Cold Storage and in Response to Short-Term Cold Stress. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420030163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tai HH, Lagüe M, Thomson S, Aurousseau F, Neilson J, Murphy A, Bizimungu B, Davidson C, Deveaux V, Bègue Y, Wang HY, Xiong X, Jacobs JME. Tuber transcriptome profiling of eight potato cultivars with different cold-induced sweetening responses to cold storage. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 146:163-176. [PMID: 31756603 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Tubers are vegetative reproduction organs formed from underground extensions of the plant stem. Potato tubers are harvested and stored for months. Storage under cold temperatures of 2-4 °C is advantageous for supressing sprouting and diseases. However, development of reducing sugars can occur with cold storage through a process called cold-induced sweetening (CIS). CIS is undesirable as it leads to darkened color with fry processing. The purpose of the current study was to find differences in biological responses in eight cultivars with variation in CIS resistance. Transcriptome sequencing was done on tubers before and after cold storage and three approaches were taken for gene expression analysis: 1. Gene expression correlated with end-point glucose after cold storage, 2. Gene expression correlated with increased glucose after cold storage (after-before), and 3. Differential gene expression before and after cold storage. Cultivars with high CIS resistance (low glucose after cold) were found to increase expression of an invertase inhibitor gene and genes involved in DNA replication and repair after cold storage. The cultivars with low CIS resistance (high glucose after cold) showed increased expression of genes involved in abiotic stress response, gene expression, protein turnover and the mitochondria. There was a small number of genes with similar expression patterns for all cultivars including genes involved in cell wall strengthening and phospholipases. It is proposed that the pattern of gene expression is related to chilling-induced DNA damage repair and cold acclimation and that genetic variation in these processes are related to CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen H Tai
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada.
| | - Martin Lagüe
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Susan Thomson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Frédérique Aurousseau
- Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Création Variétale, Station de Recherche du Comité Nord, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - Jonathan Neilson
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Agnes Murphy
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Benoit Bizimungu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Charlotte Davidson
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Virginie Deveaux
- Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Création Variétale, Station de Recherche du Comité Nord, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - Yves Bègue
- Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Création Variétale, Station de Recherche du Comité Nord, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - Hui Ying Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agriculture Univ, Hunan, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agriculture Univ, Hunan, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jeanne M E Jacobs
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of cold stress induced sugar accumulation and heat shock proteins expression during postharvest potato tuber storage. Food Chem 2019; 297:124991. [PMID: 31253316 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.124991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Plant species differ greatly in their ability to acclimatise to and survive, cold stress. Normally, potato tubers are stored at low temperatures (below 10 °C) to delay sprouting. In this research, combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis was conducted on potato tubers stored at 15 °C, 4 °C and 0 °C to investigate the mechanism of cold responses during postharvest storage. Results showed that soluble sugars were accumulated under low temperatures, regulating by granule-bound starch synthase 1, beta-amylase, invertase inhibitor and fructokinase. In addition, fifteen heat shock proteins (Hsps), including three Hsp70s, two Hsp80s, one Hsp90, one Hsp100 and eight small Hsps, were induced by low temperatures, which may act individually or synergistically to prevent physiological or cellular damage from cold stress in postharvest potato tubers. This research provided general information of sugar accumulation and defense response in potato tuber under cold storage.
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Hou J, Liu T, Reid S, Zhang H, Peng X, Sun K, Du J, Sonnewald U, Song B. Silencing of α-amylase StAmy23 in potato tuber leads to delayed sprouting. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:411-418. [PMID: 30981157 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Potato tuber dormancy is critical for the postharvest quality. The supply of carbohydrates is considered as one of the important factors controlling the rate of potato tuber sprouting. Starch is the major carbohydrate reserve in potato tuber, but very little is known about the specific starch degrading enzymes responsible for controlling tuber dormancy and sprouting. In this study, we demonstrate that an α-amylase gene StAmy23 is involved in starch breakdown and regulation of tuber dormancy. Silencing of StAmy23 delayed tuber sprouting by one to two weeks compared with the control. This phenotype is accompanied by reduced levels of reducing sugars and elevated levels of malto-oligosaccharides in tuber cortex and pith tissue below the bud eye of StAmy23-deficient potato tubers. Changes in soluble sugars is accompanied by a slight variation of phytoglycogen structure and starch granule size. Our results suggest that StAmy23 may stimulate sprouting by hydrolyzing soluble phytoglycogen to ensure supply of sugars during tuber dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephen Reid
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Huiling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaile Sun
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Uwe Sonnewald
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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39
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Datir SS, Mirikar D, RaviKumar A. Sequence diversity and in silico structure prediction of the vacuolar invertase inhibitor gene from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars differing in sugar content. Food Chem 2019; 295:403-411. [PMID: 31174775 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the variations in sugar content and identify the polymorphism in vacuolar invertase inhibitor (INH2) gene from Indian non-processing (Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Pukhraj and PU1) and exotic processing (Atlantic and Frito Lay-1533) potato cultivars. Upon cold storage (4 °C) processing cultivars maintained low reducing sugars as compared to non-processing cultivars. Sequencing of the INH2 gene identified four alleles of which three identified as novel alleles. A total twelve SNPs resulted in silent mutations, with five conferring the amino acid substitutions. Phylogenetic analysis suggests a highly conserved nature of the INH2 gene. The 3D predicted structures generated for all the alleles revealed slight variations in the orientation of the helices (α1-3) in N-terminal region. Sequence polymorphism observed in INH2 alleles in processing and non-processing potato cultivars can be correlated with the observed variations in the sugar content suggesting a possible role in cold-induced sweetening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar S Datir
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Duhita Mirikar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Ameeta RaviKumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
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New insights into the origin and evolution of α-amylase genes in green plants. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4929. [PMID: 30894656 PMCID: PMC6426938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41420-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene duplication is a source of genetic materials and evolutionary changes, and has been associated with gene family expansion. Functional divergence of duplicated genes is strongly directed by natural selections such as organism diversification and novel feature acquisition. We show that, plant α-amylase gene family (AMY) is comprised of six subfamilies (AMY1-AMY6) that fell into two ancient phylogenetic lineages (AMY3 and AMY4). Both AMY1 and AMY2 are grass-specific and share a single-copy ancestor, which is derived from grass AMY3 genes that have undergone massive tandem and whole-genome duplications during evolution. Ancestral features of AMY4 and AMY5/AMY6 genes have been retained among four green algal sequences (Chrein_08.g362450, Vocart_0021s0194, Dusali_0430s00012 and Monegl_16464), suggesting a gene duplication event following Chlorophyceae diversification. The observed horizontal gene transfers between plant and bacterial AMYs, and chromosomal locations of AMY3 and AMY4 genes in the most ancestral green body (C. reinhardtii), provide evidences for the monophyletic origin of plant AMYs. Despite subfamily-specific sequence divergence driven by natural selections, the active site and SBS1 are well-conserved across different AMY isoforms. The differentiated electrostatic potentials and hydrogen bands-forming residue polymorphisms, further imply variable digestive abilities for a broad substrates in particular tissues or subcellular localizations.
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41
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Zhang H, Yao Y, Chen S, Hou J, Yu Y, Liu T, Du J, Song B, Xie C. SbRFP1 regulates cold-induced sweetening of potato tubers by inactivation of StBAM1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 136:215-221. [PMID: 30690278 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Potato cold-induced sweetening (CIS) is a major drawback restricting potato process industry. Starch degradation and sucrose decomposition are considered to be the key pathways in potato CIS. Our previous study showed that the RING finger gene SbRFP1 could slow down starch degradation and the accumulation of reducing sugars (RS) through inhibiting amylase and invertase activity in cold-stored tubers. However, the regulation mechanism of SbRFP1 is not clear. In this paper, we first proved that SbRFP1 could promote starch synthesis and modify the shape of starch granules. By further yeast two hybrid, GST-pull down and inhibition of enzyme activity assays, we confirmed that SbRFP1 could slow down the transformation of starch to RS in tubers mainly through the inhibition of β-amylase StBAM1 activity. SbRFP1 was also proved to possess E3 ubiquitin ligase activity by ubiquitination assay. Thus, SbRFP1 may regulate the accumulation of RS in cold-stored tubers by ubiquitination and degradation of StBAM1. Therefore, our study reveals the regulatory mechanism of SbRFP1 in the process of CIS and provides more powerful evidence for the effect of starch degradation on potato CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangchen Chen
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China; College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihe Yu
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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Effects of ( S)-Carvone and Gibberellin on Sugar Accumulation in Potatoes during Low Temperature Storage. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123118. [PMID: 30487439 PMCID: PMC6321255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) are usually stored at low temperature, which can suppress sprouting and control the occurrence of diseases. However, low temperatures lead potatoes to easily suffer from cold-induced sweetening (CIS), which has a negative effect on food processing. The aim of this research was to investigate potential treatments on controlling CIS in potatoes during postharvest storage. “Atlantic” potatoes were treated with gibberellin and (S)-carvone, respectively, and stored at 4 °C for 90 days. The results showed that gibberellin can significantly accelerate sprouting and sugar accumulation by regulating expressions of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), β-amylase (BAM1/2), UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) and invertase inhibitor (INH1/2) genes. The opposite effects were found in the (S)-carvone treatment group, where CIS was inhibited by modulation of the expressions of GBSS and INH1/2 genes. In summary, gibberellin treatment can promote sugar accumulation while (S)-carvone treatment has some effects on alleviating sugar accumulation. Thus, (S)-carvone can be considered as a potential inhibitor of some of the sugars which are vital in controlling CIS in potatoes. However, the chemical concentration, treatment time, and also the treatment method needs to be optimized before industrial application.
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Monroe JD, Storm AR. Review: The Arabidopsis β-amylase (BAM) gene family: Diversity of form and function. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 276:163-170. [PMID: 30348315 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Multi-gene families present a rich research area to study how related proteins evolve to acquire new structures and functions. The β-amylase (BAM) gene family is named for catalytic members' ability to hydrolyze starch into maltose units. However, the family also contains proteins that are catalytically inactive, have additional domains, or are not localized with a starch substrate. Here we review the current knowledge of each of the nine Arabidopsis BAMs, including information on their localization, structural features, expression patterns, regulation and potential functions. We also discuss unique characteristics of studying multi-gene families, such as the consideration of different kinetic parameters when performing assays on leaf extracts, and suggest approaches that may be fruitful in learning more about their unique functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Monroe
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, United States.
| | - Amanda R Storm
- Department of Biology, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, United States.
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Hastilestari BR, Lorenz J, Reid S, Hofmann J, Pscheidt D, Sonnewald U, Sonnewald S. Deciphering source and sink responses of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) to elevated temperatures. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2600-2616. [PMID: 29869794 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Potato is an important staple food with increasing popularity worldwide. Elevated temperatures significantly impair tuber yield and quality. Breeding heat-tolerant cultivars is therefore an urgent need to ensure sustainable potato production in the future. An integrated approach combining physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology was undertaken to contribute to a better understanding of heat effects on source- (leaves) and sink-organs (tubers) in a heat-susceptible cultivar. An experimental set-up was designed allowing tissue-specific heat application. Elevated day and night (29°C/27°C) temperatures impaired photosynthesis and assimilate production. Biomass allocation shifted away from tubers towards leaves indicating reduced sink strength of developing tubers. Reduced sink strength of tubers was paralleled by decreased sucrose synthase activity and expression under elevated temperatures. Heat-mediated inhibition of tuber growth coincided with a decreased expression of the phloem-mobile tuberization signal SP6A in leaves. SP6A expression and photosynthesis were also affected, when only the belowground space was heated, and leaves were kept under control conditions. By contrast, the negative effects on tuber metabolism were attenuated, when only the shoot was subjected to elevated temperatures. This, together with transcriptional changes discussed, indicated a bidirectional communication between leaves and tubers to adjust the source capacity and/or sink strength to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadetta Rina Hastilestari
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Lorenz
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephen Reid
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hofmann
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Pscheidt
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Uwe Sonnewald
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sophia Sonnewald
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Xiao G, Huang W, Cao H, Tu W, Wang H, Zheng X, Liu J, Song B, Xie C. Genetic Loci Conferring Reducing Sugar Accumulation and Conversion of Cold-Stored Potato Tubers Revealed by QTL Analysis in a Diploid Population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:315. [PMID: 29593769 PMCID: PMC5854652 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cold-induced sweetening (CIS) caused by reducing sugar (RS) accumulation during storage in low temperature in potato tubers is a critical factor influencing the quality of fried potato products. The reconditioning (REC) by arising storage temperature is a common measure to lower down RS. However, both CIS and REC are genotype-dependent and the genetic basis remains uncertain. In the present study, with a diploid potato population with broad genetic background, four reproducible QTL of CIS and two of REC were resolved on chromosomes 5, 6, and 7 of the CIS-sensitive parent and chromosomes 5 and 11 of the CIS-resistant parent, respectively, implying that these two traits may be genetically independent. This hypothesis was also supported by the colocalization of two functional genes, a starch synthesis gene AGPS2 mapped in QTL CIS_E_07-1 and a starch hydrolysis gene GWD colocated with QTL REC_B_05-1. The cumulative effects of identified QTL were proved to contribute largely and stably to CIS and REC and confirmed with a natural population composed of a range of cultivars and breeding lines. The present research identified reproducible QTL for CIS and REC of potato in diverse conditions and elucidated for the first time their cumulative genetic effects, which provides theoretical bases and applicable means for tuber quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongju Cao
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Tu
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, China
- Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Liu T, Fang H, Liu J, Reid S, Hou J, Zhou T, Tian Z, Song B, Xie C. Cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases play crucial roles in controlling cold-induced sweetening and apical dominance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:3043-3054. [PMID: 28940493 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an important enzyme that functions in producing energy and supplying intermediates for cellular metabolism. Recent researches indicate that GAPDHs have multiple functions beside glycolysis. However, little information is available for functions of GAPDHs in potato. Here, we identified 4 putative cytosolic GAPDH genes in potato genome and demonstrated that the StGAPC1, StGAPC2, and StGAPC3, which are constitutively expressed in potato tissues and cold inducible in tubers, encode active cytosolic GAPDHs. Cosuppression of these 3 GAPC genes resulted in low tuber GAPDH activity, consequently the accumulation of reducing sugars in cold stored tubers by altering the tuber metabolite pool sizes favoring the sucrose pathway. Furthermore, GAPCs-silenced tubers exhibited a loss of apical dominance dependent on cell death of tuber apical bud meristem (TAB-meristem). It was also confirmed that StGAPC1, StGAPC2, and StGAPC3 interacted with the autophagy-related protein 3 (ATG3), implying that the occurrence of cell death in TAB-meristem could be induced by ATG3 associated events. Collectively, the present research evidences first that the GAPC genes play crucial roles in diverse physiological and developmental processes in potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Fang
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephen Reid
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Juan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhendong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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47
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Potential impact of genome editing in world agriculture. Emerg Top Life Sci 2017; 1:117-133. [PMID: 33525764 DOI: 10.1042/etls20170010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Changeable biotic and abiotic stress factors that affect crop growth and productivity, alongside a drive to reduce the unintended consequences of plant protection products, will demand highly adaptive farm management practices as well as access to continually improved seed varieties. The former is limited mainly by cost and, in theory, could be implemented in relatively short time frames. The latter is fundamentally a longer-term activity where genome editing can play a major role. The first targets for genome editing will inevitably be loss-of-function alleles, because these are straightforward to generate. In addition, they are likely to focus on traits under simple genetic control and where the results of modification are already well understood from null alleles in existing gene pools or other knockout or silencing approaches such as induced mutations or RNA interference. In the longer term, genome editing will underpin more fundamental changes in agricultural performance and food quality, and ultimately will merge with the tools and philosophies of synthetic biology to underpin and enable new cellular systems, processes and organisms completely. The genetic changes required for simple allele edits or knockout phenotypes are synonymous with those found naturally in conventional breeding material and should be regulated as such. The more radical possibilities in the longer term will need societal engagement along with appropriate safety and ethical oversight.
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