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Asiminicesei DM, Fertu DI, Gavrilescu M. Impact of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Environment on the Metabolic Profile of Medicinal Plants and Their Therapeutic Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:913. [PMID: 38592933 PMCID: PMC10976221 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The paper provides a comprehensive examination of heavy metal stress on medicinal plants, focusing on its impact on antioxidant capacity and biosynthetic pathways critical to their therapeutic potential. It explores the complex relationship between heavy metals and the physiological and biochemical responses of medicinal plants, highlighting how metal stress disrupts biosynthetic pathways, altering concentrations of secondary metabolites. This disruption may compromise the overall quality and efficacy of medicinal plants, requiring a holistic understanding of its cumulative impacts. Furthermore, the study discusses the potential of targeted genetic editing to enhance plant resilience against heavy metal stress by manipulating genes associated with antioxidant defenses. This approach represents a promising frontier in safeguarding medicinal plants in metal-contaminated environments. Additionally, the research investigates the role of phytohormone signaling in plant adaptive mechanisms to heavy metal stress, revealing its influence on biochemical and physiological responses, thereby adding complexity to plant adaptation. The study underscores the importance of innovative technologies and global cooperation in protecting medicinal plants' therapeutic potential and highlights the need for mitigation strategies to address heavy metal contamination effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana-Mihaela Asiminicesei
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof. D. Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Daniela Ionela Fertu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 35 Al. I. Cuza Street, 800002 Galati, Romania
| | - Maria Gavrilescu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof. D. Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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Mendonça ELSS, Xavier JA, Fragoso MBT, Silva MO, Escodro PB, Oliveira ACM, Tucci P, Saso L, Goulart MOF. E-Stilbenes: General Chemical and Biological Aspects, Potential Pharmacological Activity Based on the Nrf2 Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:232. [PMID: 38399446 PMCID: PMC10891666 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Stilbenes are phytoalexins, and their biosynthesis can occur through a natural route (shikimate precursor) or an alternative route (in microorganism cultures). The latter is a metabolic engineering strategy to enhance production due to stilbenes recognized pharmacological and medicinal potential. It is believed that in the human body, these potential activities can be modulated by the regulation of the nuclear factor erythroid derived 2 (Nrf2), which increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Given this, our review aims to critically analyze evidence regarding E-stilbenes in human metabolism and the Nrf2 activation pathway, with an emphasis on inflammatory and oxidative stress aspects related to the pathophysiology of chronic and metabolic diseases. In this comprehensive literature review, it can be observed that despite the broad number of stilbenes, those most frequently explored in clinical trials and preclinical studies (in vitro and in vivo) were resveratrol, piceatannol, pterostilbene, polydatin, stilbestrol, and pinosylvin. In some cases, depending on the dose/concentration and chemical nature of the stilbene, it was possible to identify activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Furthermore, the use of some experimental models presented a challenge in comparing results. In view of the above, it can be suggested that E-stilbenes have a relationship with the Nrf2 pathway, whether directly or indirectly, through different biological pathways, and in different diseases or conditions that are mainly related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine L. S. S. Mendonça
- Program of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (E.L.S.S.M.); (M.O.S.)
| | - Jadriane A. Xavier
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, UFAL, Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (J.A.X.); (M.B.T.F.)
| | - Marilene B. T. Fragoso
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, UFAL, Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (J.A.X.); (M.B.T.F.)
| | - Messias O. Silva
- Program of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (E.L.S.S.M.); (M.O.S.)
| | | | | | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marília O. F. Goulart
- Program of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (E.L.S.S.M.); (M.O.S.)
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Galasso C, Ruocco N, Mutalipassi M, Barra L, Costa V, Giommi C, Dinoi A, Genovese M, Pica D, Romano C, Greco S, Pennesi C. Marine polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and silica for drug delivery systems: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127145. [PMID: 37778590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Marine environments represent an incredible source of biopolymers with potential biomedical applications. Recently, drug delivery studies have received great attention for the increasing need to improve site specificity, therapeutic value, and bioavailability, reducing off-target effects. Marine polymers, such as alginate, carrageenan, collagen, chitosan, and silica, have reported unique biochemical features, allowing an efficient binding with drugs, and a controlled release to the target tissue, also obtainable through "green processes". In the present review, we i) analysed the last ten years of scientific peer-reviewed literature; ii) divided the articles based on the achieved experimental phases, tagged as chemistry, drug release, and drug delivery, and iii) compared the best performances among marine polymers extracted from micro- and macro-organisms. Many reviews describe drug carriers from marine organisms, focusing on a single biopolymer or a chemical class. Our study is a groundbreaking literature collection, representing the first thorough investigation of all marine biopolymers described. Most articles report experimental results on the chemical characterisation of marine biopolymers and their in vitro behaviour as drug carriers, although development processes and commercial applications are still in the early stages. Hence, the next efforts should be focused on the sustainable production of marine polymers and final product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Galasso
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy.
| | - Nadia Ruocco
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy.
| | - Mirko Mutalipassi
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucia Barra
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Valentina Costa
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Chiara Giommi
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Alessia Dinoi
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Martina Genovese
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Daniela Pica
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Chiara Romano
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II, 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Bra CN, Italy
| | - Silvestro Greco
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy
| | - Chiara Pennesi
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, C.da Torre Spaccata, Amendolara, Italy.
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MYC2: A Master Switch for Plant Physiological Processes and Specialized Metabolite Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043511. [PMID: 36834921 PMCID: PMC9963318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway plays important roles in plant defenses, development, and the synthesis of specialized metabolites synthesis. Transcription factor MYC2 is a major regulator of the JA signaling pathway and is involved in the regulation of plant physiological processes and specialized metabolite synthesis. Based on our understanding of the mechanism underlying the regulation of specialized metabolite synthesis in plants by the transcription factor MYC2, the use of synthetic biology approaches to design MYC2-driven chassis cells for the synthesis of specialized metabolites with high medicinal value, such as paclitaxel, vincristine, and artemisinin, seems to be a promising strategy. In this review, the regulatory role of MYC2 in JA signal transduction of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses, plant growth, development and specialized metabolite synthesis is described in detail, which will provide valuable reference for the use of MYC2 molecular switches to regulate plant specialized metabolite biosynthesis.
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Saxena P, Rauniyar S, Thakur P, Singh RN, Bomgni A, Alaba MO, Tripathi AK, Gnimpieba EZ, Lushbough C, Sani RK. Integration of text mining and biological network analysis: Identification of essential genes in sulfate-reducing bacteria. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1086021. [PMID: 37125195 PMCID: PMC10133479 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1086021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth and survival of an organism in a particular environment is highly depends on the certain indispensable genes, termed as essential genes. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are obligate anaerobes which thrives on sulfate reduction for its energy requirements. The present study used Oleidesulfovibrio alaskensis G20 (OA G20) as a model SRB to categorize the essential genes based on their key metabolic pathways. Herein, we reported a feedback loop framework for gene of interest discovery, from bio-problem to gene set of interest, leveraging expert annotation with computational prediction. Defined bio-problem was applied to retrieve the genes of SRB from literature databases (PubMed, and PubMed Central) and annotated them to the genome of OA G20. Retrieved gene list was further used to enrich protein-protein interaction and was corroborated to the pangenome analysis, to categorize the enriched gene sets and the respective pathways under essential and non-essential. Interestingly, the sat gene (dde_2265) from the sulfur metabolism was the bridging gene between all the enriched pathways. Gene clusters involved in essential pathways were linked with the genes from seleno-compound metabolism, amino acid metabolism, secondary metabolite synthesis, and cofactor biosynthesis. Furthermore, pangenome analysis demonstrated the gene distribution, where 69.83% of the 116 enriched genes were mapped under "persistent," inferring the essentiality of these genes. Likewise, 21.55% of the enriched genes, which involves specially the formate dehydrogenases and metallic hydrogenases, appeared under "shell." Our methodology suggested that semi-automated text mining and network analysis may play a crucial role in deciphering the previously unexplored genes and key mechanisms which can help to generate a baseline prior to perform any experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Saxena
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- Data Driven Material Discovery Center for Bioengineering Innovation, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
| | - Shailabh Rauniyar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering, Science and Technology, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
| | - Payal Thakur
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- Data Driven Material Discovery Center for Bioengineering Innovation, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
| | - Ram Nageena Singh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering, Science and Technology, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
| | - Alain Bomgni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Mathew O. Alaba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Abhilash Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering, Science and Technology, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
| | - Etienne Z. Gnimpieba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
- *Correspondence: Etienne Z. Gnimpieba,
| | - Carol Lushbough
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Rajesh Kumar Sani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- Data Driven Material Discovery Center for Bioengineering Innovation, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering, Science and Technology, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- BuG ReMeDEE Consortium, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
- Rajesh Kumar Sani,
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6
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Yang Y, Chaffin TA, Ahkami AH, Blumwald E, Stewart CN. Plant synthetic biology innovations for biofuels and bioproducts. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:1454-1468. [PMID: 36241578 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based biosynthesis of fuels, chemicals, and materials promotes environmental sustainability, which includes decreases in greenhouse gas emissions, water pollution, and loss of biodiversity. Advances in plant synthetic biology (synbio) should improve precision and efficacy of genetic engineering for sustainability. Applicable synbio innovations include genome editing, gene circuit design, synthetic promoter development, gene stacking technologies, and the design of environmental sensors. Moreover, recent advancements in developing spatially resolved and single-cell omics contribute to the discovery and characterization of cell-type-specific mechanisms and spatiotemporal gene regulations in distinct plant tissues for the expression of cell- and tissue-specific genes, resulting in improved bioproduction. This review highlights recent plant synbio progress and new single-cell molecular profiling towards sustainable biofuel and biomaterial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongil Yang
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN, USA; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Timothy Alexander Chaffin
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN, USA; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Amir H Ahkami
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Charles Neal Stewart
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN, USA; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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Thakur K, Partap M, Kumar P, Sharma R, Warghat AR. Understandings of bioactive composition, molecular regulation, and biotechnological interventions in the development and usage of specialized metabolites as health-promoting substances in Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Light-Driven Synthetic Biology: Progress in Research and Industrialization of Cyanobacterial Cell Factory. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101537. [PMID: 36294972 PMCID: PMC9605453 DOI: 10.3390/life12101537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Light-driven synthetic biology refers to an autotrophic microorganisms-based research platform that remodels microbial metabolism through synthetic biology and directly converts light energy into bio-based chemicals. This technology can help achieve the goal of carbon neutrality while promoting green production. Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms that use light and CO2 for growth and production. They thus possess unique advantages as "autotrophic cell factories". Various fuels and chemicals have been synthesized by cyanobacteria, indicating their important roles in research and industrial application. This review summarized the progresses and remaining challenges in light-driven cyanobacterial cell factory. The choice of chassis cells, strategies used in metabolic engineering, and the methods for high-value CO2 utilization will be discussed.
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Teka T, Zhang L, Ge X, Li Y, Han L, Yan X. Stilbenes: Source plants, chemistry, biosynthesis, pharmacology, application and problems related to their clinical Application-A comprehensive review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 197:113128. [PMID: 35183567 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stilbenes are some of the important phenolic compounds originating from plant families like Vitaceae, Leguminaceae, Gnetaceae, and Dipterocarpaceae. Structurally, they have a C6-C2-C6 skeleton, usually with two isomeric forms. Stilbenes are biosynthesized due to biotic and abiotic stresses such as microbial infections, high temperatures, and oxidation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of stilbenes' botanical sources, chemistry, biosynthetic pathways, pharmacology, and clinical applications and challenges based on up-to-date data. All included studies were collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and CNKI, and the presented data from these indexed studies were analyzed and summarized. A total of 459 natural stilbene compounds from 45 plant families and 196 plant species were identified. Pharmacological studies also show that stilbenes have various activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-degenerative diseases, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, anti-aging, and cardioprotective effects. Stilbene synthase (STS) is the key enzyme involved in stilbene biosynthetic pathways. Studies on the therapeutic application of stilbenes pinpoint that challenges such as low bioavailability and isomerization are the major bottlenecks for their development as therapeutic drugs. Although the medicinal uses of several stilbenes have been demonstrated in vivo and in vitro, studies on the development of stilbenes deserve more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tekleab Teka
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P. O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Lele Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Yanjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China.
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China.
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Mistry V, Darji S, Tiwari P, Sharma A. Engineering Catharanthus roseus monoterpenoid indole alkaloid pathway in yeast. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2337-2347. [PMID: 35333954 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle), a medicinal plant possessing high pharmacological attributes, is widely recognized for the biosynthesis of anticancer monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) - vinblastine and vincristine. The plant is known to biosynthesize more than 130 different bioactive MIAs, highly acclaimed in traditional and modern medicinal therapies. The MIA biosynthesis is strictly regulated at developmental and spatial-temporal stages and requires a well-defined cellular and sub-cellular compartmentation for completion of the entire MIAs biosynthesis. However, due to their cytotoxic nature, the production of vinblastine and vincristine occurs in low concentrations in planta and the absence of chemical synthesis alternatives projects a huge gap in demand and supply, leading to high market price. With research investigations spanning more than four decades, plant tissue culture and metabolic engineering (ME)-based studies were attempted to explore, understand, explain, improve and enhance the MIA biosynthesis using homologous and heterologous systems. Presently, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology are the two powerful tools that are contributing majorly in elucidating MIA biosynthesis. This review concentrates mainly on the efforts made through metabolic engineering of MIAs in heterologous microbial factories. KEY POINTS: • Yeast engineering provides alternative production source of phytomolecules • Yeast engineering also helps to discover missing plant pathway enzymes and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyoma Mistry
- Metabolic Engineering Lab, C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Gopal-Vidyanagar, Maliba Campus, Surat, 394350, India
| | - Siddhi Darji
- Metabolic Engineering Lab, C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Gopal-Vidyanagar, Maliba Campus, Surat, 394350, India
| | - Pragya Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Metabolic Engineering Lab, C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Gopal-Vidyanagar, Maliba Campus, Surat, 394350, India.
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advance Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, 382426, Gujarat, India.
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Carrasco-Reinado R, Bermudez-Sauco M, Escobar-Niño A, Cantoral JM, Fernández-Acero FJ. Development of the "Applied Proteomics" Concept for Biotechnology Applications in Microalgae: Example of the Proteome Data in Nannochloropsis gaditana. Mar Drugs 2021; 20:38. [PMID: 35049892 PMCID: PMC8780095 DOI: 10.3390/md20010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the marine ecosystems on our planet are still unknown. Among these ecosystems, microalgae act as a baseline due to their role as primary producers. The estimated millions of species of these microorganisms represent an almost infinite source of potentially active biocomponents offering unlimited biotechnology applications. This review considers current research in microalgae using the "omics" approach, which today is probably the most important biotechnology tool. These techniques enable us to obtain a large volume of data from a single experiment. The specific focus of this review is proteomics as a technique capable of generating a large volume of interesting information in a single proteomics assay, and particularly the concept of applied proteomics. As an example, this concept has been applied to the study of Nannochloropsis gaditana, in which proteomics data generated are transformed into information of high commercial value by identifying proteins with direct applications in the biomedical and agri-food fields, such as the protein designated UCA01 which presents antitumor activity, obtained from N. gaditana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Carrasco-Reinado
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO), Marine and Environmental Sciences Faculty, University of Cadiz (UCA), 11500 Puerto Real, Spain; (R.C.-R.); (M.B.-S.); (A.E.-N.); (J.M.C.)
| | - María Bermudez-Sauco
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO), Marine and Environmental Sciences Faculty, University of Cadiz (UCA), 11500 Puerto Real, Spain; (R.C.-R.); (M.B.-S.); (A.E.-N.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Almudena Escobar-Niño
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO), Marine and Environmental Sciences Faculty, University of Cadiz (UCA), 11500 Puerto Real, Spain; (R.C.-R.); (M.B.-S.); (A.E.-N.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Jesús M. Cantoral
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO), Marine and Environmental Sciences Faculty, University of Cadiz (UCA), 11500 Puerto Real, Spain; (R.C.-R.); (M.B.-S.); (A.E.-N.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Francisco Javier Fernández-Acero
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO), Marine and Environmental Sciences Faculty, University of Cadiz (UCA), 11500 Puerto Real, Spain; (R.C.-R.); (M.B.-S.); (A.E.-N.); (J.M.C.)
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12
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Wu W, Wang S, Zhang H, Guo W, Lu H, Xu H, Zhan R, Fidan O, Sun L. Biosynthesis of Novel Naphthoquinone Derivatives in the Commonly-used Chassis Cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2021. [PMCID: PMC8700708 DOI: 10.1134/s0003683821100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Naphthoquinones harboring 1,4-naphthoquinone pharmacophore are considered as privileged structures in medicinal chemistry. In pharmaceutical industry and fundamental research, polyketide naphthoquinones were widely produced by heterologous expression of polyketide synthases in microbial chassis cells, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. Nevertheless, these cell factories still remain, to a great degree, black boxes that often exceed engineers’ expectations. In this work, the biotransformation of juglone or 1,4-naphthoquinone was conducted to generate novel derivatives and it was revealed that these two naphthoquinones can indeed be modified by the chassis cells. Seventeen derivatives, including 6 novel compounds, were isolated and their structural characterizations indicated the attachment of certain metabolites of chassis cells to naphthoquinones. Some of these biosynthesized derivatives were reported as potent antimicrobial agents with reduced cytotoxic activities. Additionally, molecular docking as simple and quick in silico approach was performed to screen the biosynthesized compounds for their potential antiviral activity. It was found that compound 11 and 17 showed the most promising binding affinities against Nsp9 of SARS-CoV-2, demonstrating their potential antiviral activities. Overall, this work provides a new approach to generate novel molecules in the commonly used chassis cells, which would expand the chemical diversity for the drug development pipeline. It also reveals a novel insight into the potential of the catalytic power of the most widely used chassis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Wu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - S. Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Drug Control, 215000 Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - H. Zhang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - W. Guo
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510405 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - H. Lu
- Suzhou Institute of Drug Control, 215000 Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - H. Xu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - R. Zhan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - O. Fidan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gül University, 38080 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - L. Sun
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, 510006 Guangzhou, P. R. China
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13
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Production of bioactive plant secondary metabolites through in vitro technologies-status and outlook. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6649-6668. [PMID: 34468803 PMCID: PMC8408309 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11539-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used by mankind since ancient times, and many bioactive plant secondary metabolites are applied nowadays both directly as drugs, and as raw materials for semi-synthetic modifications. However, the structural complexity often thwarts cost-efficient chemical synthesis, and the usually low content in the native plant necessitates the processing of large amounts of field-cultivated raw material. The biotechnological manufacturing of such compounds offers a number of advantages like predictable, stable, and year-round sustainable production, scalability, and easier extraction and purification. Plant cell and tissue culture represents one possible alternative to the extraction of phytochemicals from plant material. Although a broad commercialization of such processes has not yet occurred, ongoing research indicates that plant in vitro systems such as cell suspension cultures, organ cultures, and transgenic hairy roots hold a promising potential as sources for bioactive compounds. Progress in the areas of biosynthetic pathway elucidation and genetic manipulation has expanded the possibilities to utilize plant metabolic engineering and heterologous production in microorganisms. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the in vitro production of high-value plant secondary metabolites of medicinal importance. Key points • Bioactive plant secondary metabolites are important for current and future use in medicine • In vitro production is a sustainable alternative to extraction from plants or costly chemical synthesis • Current research addresses plant cell and tissue culture, metabolic engineering, and heterologous production
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14
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Li CQ, Lei HM, Hu QY, Li GH, Zhao PJ. Recent Advances in the Synthetic Biology of Natural Drugs. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:691152. [PMID: 34395399 PMCID: PMC8358299 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.691152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural drugs have been transformed and optimized during the long process of evolution. These compounds play a very important role in the protection of human health and treatment of human diseases. Sustainable approaches to the generation of raw materials for pharmaceutical products have been extensively investigated in drug research and development because chemical synthesis is costly and generates pollution. The present review provides an overview of the recent advances in the synthetic biology of natural drugs. Particular attention is paid to the investigations of drugs that may be mass-produced by the pharmaceutical industry after optimization of the corresponding synthetic systems. The present review describes the reconstruction and optimization of biosynthetic pathways for nine drugs, including seven drugs from plant sources and two drugs from microbial sources, suggesting a new strategy for the large-scale preparation of some rare natural plant metabolites and highly bioactive microbial compounds. Some of the suggested synthetic methods remain in a preliminary exploration stage; however, a number of these methods demonstrated considerable application potential. The authors also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the application of synthetic biology and various expression systems for heterologous expression of natural drugs. Thus, the present review provides a useful perspective for researchers attempting to use synthetic biology to produce natural drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pei-Ji Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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15
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Yu Z, Geisler K, Leontidou T, Young RE, Vonlanthen SE, Purton S, Abell C, Smith AG. Droplet-based microfluidic screening and sorting of microalgal populations for strain engineering applications. ALGAL RES 2021; 56:None. [PMID: 34084707 PMCID: PMC8139872 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The application of microfluidic technologies to microalgal research is particularly appealing since these approaches allow the precise control of the extracellular environment and offer a high-throughput approach to studying dynamic cellular processes. To expand the portfolio of applications, here we present a droplet-based microfluidic method for analysis and screening of Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Nannochloropsis gaditana, which can be integrated into a genetic transformation workflow. Following encapsulation of single cells in picolitre-sized droplets, fluorescence signals arising from each cell can be used to assess its phenotypic state. In this work, the chlorophyll fluorescence intensity of each cell was quantified and used to identify populations of P. tricornutum cells grown in different light conditions. Further, individual P. tricornutum or N. gaditana cells engineered to express green fluorescent protein were distinguished and sorted from wild-type cells. This has been exploited as a rapid screen for transformed cells within a population, bypassing a major bottleneck in algal transformation workflows and offering an alternative strategy for the identification of genetically modified strains. Droplet-based microfluidic systems are promising tools for algal single cell analysis. Improved intracellular fluorescence detection allows effective sorting of algae cells. The physiological status of single encapsulated algae cells can be determined. Sorting in microdroplets enables faster identification of transformed cells.
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16
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Zhao X, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Sun H, Bai S, Li C. Identifying environmental hotspots and improvement strategies of vanillin production with life cycle assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144771. [PMID: 33477040 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vanillin, an important aroma chemical, can be synthesized through industrial oxidation processes and biotechnological processes. Studying the environmental impacts of synthetic vanillin production processes is fundamental to making these processes feasible and sustainable; however, few studies have focused on such analyses. This study involved performing a life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate multiple industrial synthesis and biosynthesis processes for producing synthetic vanillin. The results indicated that human toxicity potential (HTP) appeared to be the most affected indicator among all the impact categories considered. The dominant drivers of the HTP of the vanillin synthesis process were electricity consumption and ultrapure water consumption. Improvement strategies were then proposed to investigate the possibility of reducing the environmental burdens created by vanillin synthesis. Natural gas power generation was determined to be the best choice for replacing traditional coal-fired power generation, thus reducing the negative impacts of these processes on the environment. The best ways to reduce chemical consumption were to recover organic solvents and to replace ultrapure water with industrial or distilled water. All these improvement strategies were demonstrated to be able to effectively reduce the HTP. In addition, suggestions for evaluating scaled-up vanillin production, increasing the LCA coverage to include technological advancements in biosynthesis techniques, and introducing cost-benefit analysis into the LCA were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhao
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongliang Sun
- Changchun Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute, 130033 Changchun, China
| | - Shunwen Bai
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Chunyan Li
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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17
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Kordyum E, Hasenstein KH. Plant biology for space exploration - Building on the past, preparing for the future. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2021; 29:1-7. [PMID: 33888282 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A review of past insights of space experiments with plants outlines basic space and gravity effects as well as gene expression. Efforts to grow plants in space gradually incorporated basic question on plant productivity, stress response and cultivation. The prospect of extended space missions as well as colonization of the Moon and Mars require better understanding and therefore research efforts on biomass productivity, substrate and water relations, atmospheric composition, pressure and temperature and substrate and volume (growth space) requirements. The essential combination of using plants not only for food production but also for regeneration of waste, and recycling of carbon and oxygen production requires integration of complex biological and engineering aspects. We combine a historical account of plant space research with considerations for future research on plant cultivation, selection, and productivity based on space-related environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kordyum
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Botany NASU, Tereschenkivska Str. 2, 01601 Kiev, Ukraine, United States
| | - Karl H Hasenstein
- Biology Department, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70504-3602, United States.
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18
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Tiwari P, Khare T, Shriram V, Bae H, Kumar V. Plant synthetic biology for producing potent phyto-antimicrobials to combat antimicrobial resistance. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 48:107729. [PMID: 33705914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inappropriate and injudicious use of antimicrobial drugs in human health, hygiene, agriculture, animal husbandry and food industries has contributed significantly to rapid emergence and persistence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), one of the serious global public health threats. The crisis of AMR versus slower discovery of newer antibiotics put forth a daunting task to control these drug-resistant superbugs. Several phyto-antimicrobials have been identified in recent years with direct-killing (bactericidal) and/or drug-resistance reversal (re-sensitization of AMR phenotypes) potencies. Phyto-antimicrobials may hold the key in combating AMR owing to their abilities to target major microbial drug-resistance determinants including cell membrane, drug-efflux pumps, cell communication and biofilms. However, limited distribution, low intracellular concentrations, eco-geographical variations, beside other considerations like dynamic environments, climate change and over-exploitation of plant-resources are major blockades in full potential exploration phyto-antimicrobials. Synthetic biology (SynBio) strategies integrating metabolic engineering, RNA-interference, genome editing/engineering and/or systems biology approaches using plant chassis (as engineerable platforms) offer prospective tools for production of phyto-antimicrobials. With expanding SynBio toolkit, successful attempts towards introduction of entire gene cluster, reconstituting the metabolic pathway or transferring an entire metabolic (or synthetic) pathway into heterologous plant systems highlight the potential of this field. Through this perspective review, we are presenting herein the current situation and options for addressing AMR, emphasizing on the significance of phyto-antimicrobials in this apparently post-antibiotic era, and effective use of plant chassis for phyto-antimicrobial production at industrial scales along with major SynBio tools and useful databases. Current knowledge, recent success stories, associated challenges and prospects of translational success are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Tiwari
- Molecular Metabolic Engineering Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Tushar Khare
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411016, India; Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Varsha Shriram
- Department of Botany, Prof. Ramkrishna More Arts, Commerce and Science College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Akurdi, Pune 411044, India
| | - Hanhong Bae
- Molecular Metabolic Engineering Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411016, India; Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
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19
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Eljounaidi K, Lichman BR. Nature's Chemists: The Discovery and Engineering of Phytochemical Biosynthesis. Front Chem 2020; 8:596479. [PMID: 33240856 PMCID: PMC7680914 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.596479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants produce a diverse array of natural products, many of which have high pharmaceutical value or therapeutic potential. However, these compounds often occur at low concentrations in uncultivated species. Producing phytochemicals in heterologous systems has the potential to address the bioavailability issues related to obtaining these molecules from their natural source. Plants are suitable heterologous systems for the production of valuable phytochemicals as they are autotrophic, derive energy and carbon from photosynthesis, and have similar cellular context to native producer plants. In this review we highlight the methods that are used to elucidate natural product biosynthetic pathways, including the approaches leading to proposing the sequence of enzymatic steps, selecting enzyme candidates and characterizing gene function. We will also discuss the advantages of using plant chasses as production platforms for high value phytochemicals. In addition, through this report we will assess the emerging metabolic engineering strategies that have been developed to enhance and optimize the production of natural and novel bioactive phytochemicals in heterologous plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouthar Eljounaidi
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin R Lichman
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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20
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Orsi E, Beekwilder J, Eggink G, Kengen SWM, Weusthuis RA. The transition of Rhodobacter sphaeroides into a microbial cell factory. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:531-541. [PMID: 33038009 PMCID: PMC7894463 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microbial cell factories are the workhorses of industrial biotechnology and improving their performances can significantly optimize industrial bioprocesses. Microbial strain engineering is often employed for increasing the competitiveness of bio‐based product synthesis over more classical petroleum‐based synthesis. Recently, efforts for strain optimization have been standardized within the iterative concept of “design‐build‐test‐learn” (DBTL). This approach has been successfully employed for the improvement of traditional cell factories like Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Within the past decade, several new‐to‐industry microorganisms have been investigated as novel cell factories, including the versatile α‐proteobacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Despite its history as a laboratory strain for fundamental studies, there is a growing interest in this bacterium for its ability to synthesize relevant compounds for the bioeconomy, such as isoprenoids, poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate, and hydrogen. In this study, we reflect on the reasons for establishing R. sphaeroides as a cell factory from the perspective of the DBTL concept. Moreover, we discuss current and future opportunities for extending the use of this microorganism for the bio‐based economy. We believe that applying the DBTL pipeline for R. sphaeroides will further strengthen its relevance as a microbial cell factory. Moreover, the proposed use of strain engineering via the DBTL approach may be extended to other microorganisms that have not been critically investigated yet for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Orsi
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | | | - Gerrit Eggink
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Servé W M Kengen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud A Weusthuis
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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21
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Microbial Chassis Development for Natural Product Biosynthesis. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:779-796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Lautié E, Russo O, Ducrot P, Boutin JA. Unraveling Plant Natural Chemical Diversity for Drug Discovery Purposes. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:397. [PMID: 32317969 PMCID: PMC7154113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The screening and testing of extracts against a variety of pharmacological targets in order to benefit from the immense natural chemical diversity is a concern in many laboratories worldwide. And several successes have been recorded in finding new actives in natural products, some of which have become new drugs or new sources of inspiration for drugs. But in view of the vast amount of research on the subject, it is surprising that not more drug candidates were found. In our view, it is fundamental to reflect upon the approaches of such drug discovery programs and the technical processes that are used, along with their inherent difficulties and biases. Based on an extensive survey of recent publications, we discuss the origin and the variety of natural chemical diversity as well as the strategies to having the potential to embrace this diversity. It seemed to us that some of the difficulties of the area could be related with the technical approaches that are used, so the present review begins with synthetizing some of the more used discovery strategies, exemplifying some key points, in order to address some of their limitations. It appears that one of the challenges of natural product-based drug discovery programs should be an easier access to renewable sources of plant-derived products. Maximizing the use of the data together with the exploration of chemical diversity while working on reasonable supply of natural product-based entities could be a way to answer this challenge. We suggested alternative ways to access and explore part of this chemical diversity with in vitro cultures. We also reinforced how important it was organizing and making available this worldwide knowledge in an "inventory" of natural products and their sources. And finally, we focused on strategies based on synthetic biology and syntheses that allow reaching industrial scale supply. Approaches based on the opportunities lying in untapped natural plant chemical diversity are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Lautié
- Centro de Valorização de Compostos Bioativos da Amazônia (CVACBA)-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Olivier Russo
- Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Suresnes, France
| | - Pierre Ducrot
- Molecular Modelling Department, 'PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie & Biologie, Institut de Recherches SERVIER, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jean A Boutin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Suresnes, France
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23
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Fabris M, Abbriano RM, Pernice M, Sutherland DL, Commault AS, Hall CC, Labeeuw L, McCauley JI, Kuzhiuparambil U, Ray P, Kahlke T, Ralph PJ. Emerging Technologies in Algal Biotechnology: Toward the Establishment of a Sustainable, Algae-Based Bioeconomy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:279. [PMID: 32256509 PMCID: PMC7090149 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Mankind has recognized the value of land plants as renewable sources of food, medicine, and materials for millennia. Throughout human history, agricultural methods were continuously modified and improved to meet the changing needs of civilization. Today, our rapidly growing population requires further innovation to address the practical limitations and serious environmental concerns associated with current industrial and agricultural practices. Microalgae are a diverse group of unicellular photosynthetic organisms that are emerging as next-generation resources with the potential to address urgent industrial and agricultural demands. The extensive biological diversity of algae can be leveraged to produce a wealth of valuable bioproducts, either naturally or via genetic manipulation. Microalgae additionally possess a set of intrinsic advantages, such as low production costs, no requirement for arable land, and the capacity to grow rapidly in both large-scale outdoor systems and scalable, fully contained photobioreactors. Here, we review technical advancements, novel fields of application, and products in the field of algal biotechnology to illustrate how algae could present high-tech, low-cost, and environmentally friendly solutions to many current and future needs of our society. We discuss how emerging technologies such as synthetic biology, high-throughput phenomics, and the application of internet of things (IoT) automation to algal manufacturing technology can advance the understanding of algal biology and, ultimately, drive the establishment of an algal-based bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Fabris
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- CSIRO Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Raffaela M. Abbriano
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Mathieu Pernice
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Donna L. Sutherland
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Audrey S. Commault
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher C. Hall
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Leen Labeeuw
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Janice I. McCauley
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Parijat Ray
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim Kahlke
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter J. Ralph
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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24
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Ebert BE, Czarnotta E, Blank LM. Physiologic and metabolic characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals limitations in the synthesis of the triterpene squalene. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 18:5056161. [PMID: 30053028 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterologous synthesis of triterpenoids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae from its native metabolite squalene has been reported to offer an alternative to chemical synthesis and extraction from plant material if productivities can be increased.Here, we physiologically characterized a squalene overproducing S. cerevisiae CEN.PK strain to elucidate the effect of cultivation conditions on the production of this central triterpenoid precursor. The maximum achievable squalene concentration was substantially influenced by nutritional conditions, medium composition and cultivation mode. Batch growth on glucose resulted in minimal squalene accumulation, while squalene only significantly accumulated during ethanol consumption (up to 59 mg/gCDW), probably due to increased acetyl-CoA supply on this carbon source. Likewise, low squalene concentrations were observed in glucose-limited chemostat cultivations and improved up to 8-fold upon increasing the ethanol fraction in the feed. In those experiments, a constant, growth-rate-independent specific squalene accumulation rate (2.2 mg/gCDW/h) was recorded resulting in a maximal squalene loading of 30 mg/gCDW at low dilution rates with longer residence times. Coenzyme A availability was identified as possible bottleneck as increased vitamin concentrations, including the Coenzyme A precursor pantothenate, improved squalene titers in batch and chemostat cultivations. This analysis demonstrates that thorough physiologic characterization of production strains is valuable for the identification of bottlenecks already in early stages of strain development and for guiding further optimization efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta E Ebert
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Eik Czarnotta
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars M Blank
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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25
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Liang Y, Tang J, Luo Y, Kaczmarek MB, Li X, Daroch M. Thermosynechococcus as a thermophilic photosynthetic microbial cell factory for CO 2 utilisation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 278:255-265. [PMID: 30708328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thermophilic unicellular cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus PKUAC-SCTE542, has been developed as a thermophilic photosynthetic microbial cell factory for CO2 utilisation. The strain exhibits its highest growth rate around 55 °C, can withstand up to 15% CO2, and up to 0.5 M concentration of sodium bicarbonate. The strain is also capable of resisting a 200 ppm concentration of NO and SO2 in simulated flue gasses, and these compounds have a positive effect on its growth. Whole genome sequencing of the strain revealed the presence of numerous forms of active transport of nutrients and additional chaperones acting as the predominant mechanism of strain adaptation to high temperatures. Based on the sequenced genome, two neutral gene insertion sites have been identified and engineered using modular vectors. Site-specific knock-ins and knock-outs have been performed using the spectinomycin resistance gene and proved functional, enabling future application of the strain to produce biofuels and biochemicals from waste CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanmei Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; Shenzhen Aone Medical Laboratory Co Ltd, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yifan Luo
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Michal B Kaczmarek
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Xingkang Li
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Maurycy Daroch
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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26
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Motomura K, Sano K, Watanabe S, Kanbara A, Gamal Nasser AH, Ikeda T, Ishida T, Funabashi H, Kuroda A, Hirota R. Synthetic Phosphorus Metabolic Pathway for Biosafety and Contamination Management of Cyanobacterial Cultivation. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:2189-2198. [PMID: 30203964 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in genetic engineering and synthetic biology have greatly expanded the production capabilities of cyanobacteria, but concerns regarding biosafety issues and the risk of contamination of cultures in outdoor culture conditions remain to be resolved. With this dual goal in mind, we applied the recently established biological containment strategy based on phosphite (H3PO3, Pt) dependency to the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 ( Syn 7942). Pt assimilation capability was conferred on Syn 7942 by the introduction of Pt dehydrogenase (PtxD) and hypophosphite transporter (HtxBCDE) genes that allow the uptake of Pt, but not phosphate (H3PO4, Pi). We then identified and disrupted the two indigenous Pi transporters, pst (Synpcc7942_2441 to 2445) and pit (Synpcc7942_0184). The resultant strain failed to grow on any media containing various types of P compounds other than Pt. The strain did not yield any escape mutants for at least 28 days with a detection limit of 3.6 × 10-11 per colony forming unit, and rapidly lost viability in the absence of Pt. Moreover, growth competition of the Pt-dependent strain with wild-type cyanobacteria revealed that the Pt-dependent strain could dominate in cultures containing Pt as the sole P source. Because Pt is rarely available in aquatic environments this strategy can contribute to both biosafety and contamination management of genetically engineered cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Motomura
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
- Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST-ALCA), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Kosuke Sano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Satoru Watanabe
- Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST-ALCA), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kanbara
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Abdel-Hady Gamal Nasser
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikeda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Takenori Ishida
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Hisakage Funabashi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Akio Kuroda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
- Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST-ALCA), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Hirota
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
- Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST-ALCA), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
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27
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Luiz de Oliveira J, Ramos Campos EV, Fraceto LF. Recent Developments and Challenges for Nanoscale Formulation of Botanical Pesticides for Use in Sustainable Agriculture. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8898-8913. [PMID: 30075067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of substances of natural origin, such as botanical pesticides, has emerged as a preferred alternative to the use of synthetic pesticides, the excessive use of which has raised a lot of concern over safety to human/animal health and the environment. Recent developments in nanotechnology have opened up a new avenue for the development of more efficient formulations that can overcome many of the obstacles generally faced in their use in the field, such as loss of activity because of degradation, instability, volatilization, and so on. This Review discusses the key developments in this area, as well as the challenges in relation to nanoscale formulation of botanical pesticides. It presents an appraisal of the recent scientific research, along with an account of the products that have already reached the market. While it acknowledges the great potential of nanotechnology-derived formulations of botanical pesticides for increasing agricultural productivity and reducing health and the environmental impacts, it also highlights the technological challenges that must be addressed to enable adoption of the technology for wider use in agri-food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhones Luiz de Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology , Avenida Três de Março 511 , Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba , São Paulo 18087-180 , Brazil
| | - Estefânia Vangelie Ramos Campos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology , Avenida Três de Março 511 , Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba , São Paulo 18087-180 , Brazil
| | - Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology , Avenida Três de Março 511 , Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba , São Paulo 18087-180 , Brazil
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28
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Goold HD, Wright P, Hailstones D. Emerging Opportunities for Synthetic Biology in Agriculture. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E341. [PMID: 29986428 PMCID: PMC6071285 DOI: 10.3390/genes9070341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid expansion in the emerging field of synthetic biology has to date mainly focused on the microbial sciences and human health. However, the zeitgeist is that synthetic biology will also shortly deliver major outcomes for agriculture. The primary industries of agriculture, fisheries and forestry, face significant and global challenges; addressing them will be assisted by the sector’s strong history of early adoption of transformative innovation, such as the genetic technologies that underlie synthetic biology. The implementation of synthetic biology within agriculture may, however, be hampered given the industry is dominated by higher plants and mammals, where large and often polyploid genomes and the lack of adequate tools challenge the ability to deliver outcomes in the short term. However, synthetic biology is a rapidly growing field, new techniques in genome design and synthesis, and more efficient molecular tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 may harbor opportunities more broadly than the development of new cultivars and breeds. In particular, the ability to use synthetic biology to engineer biosensors, synthetic speciation, microbial metabolic engineering, mammalian multiplexed CRISPR, novel anti microbials, and projects such as Yeast 2.0 all have significant potential to deliver transformative changes to agriculture in the short, medium and longer term. Specifically, synthetic biology promises to deliver benefits that increase productivity and sustainability across primary industries, underpinning the industry’s prosperity in the face of global challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Douglas Goold
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Woodbridge Road, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia.
| | - Philip Wright
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Locked Bag 21, 161 Kite St, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia.
| | - Deborah Hailstones
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Woodbridge Road, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia.
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29
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Chaves JE, Melis A. Engineering isoprene synthesis in cyanobacteria. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2059-2069. [PMID: 29689603 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The renewable production of isoprene (Isp) hydrocarbons, to serve as fuel and synthetic chemistry feedstock, has attracted interest in the field recently. Isp (C5 H8 ) is naturally produced from sunlight, CO2 and H2 O photosynthetically in terrestrial plant chloroplasts via the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway and emitted in the atmosphere as a response to heat stress. Efforts to institute a high capacity continuous and renewable process have included heterologous expression of the Isp synthesis pathway in photosynthetic microorganisms. This review examines the premise and promise emanating from this relatively new research effort. Also examined are the metabolic engineering approaches applied in the quest of renewable Isp hydrocarbons production, the progress achieved so far, and barriers encountered along the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Chaves
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Anastasios Melis
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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30
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Ueno K, Sakai Y, Shono C, Sakamoto I, Tsukakoshi K, Hihara Y, Sode K, Ikebukuro K. Applying a riboregulator as a new chromosomal gene regulation tool for higher glycogen production in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:8465-8474. [PMID: 29038975 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8570-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are one of the most attractive hosts for biofuel production; however, genetic approaches to regulate specific chromosomal genes in cyanobacteria remain limited. With the aim of developing a novel method to regulate chromosomal gene expression in cyanobacteria, we focused on riboregulatory technology. Riboregulators are composed of two RNA fragments whose interaction leads to target gene regulation with high specificity. In this study, we inserted a riboregulator sequence upstream of the chromosomal gene encoding AbrB-like transcriptional regulator, cyAbrB2, to investigate the utility of this tool. The inserted riboregulator was able to regulate cyabrB2 gene expression, with a high ON-OFF ratio up to approximately 50-fold. The transcription levels of several genes for which cyAbrB2 acts as a transcriptional upregulator were also decreased. Further, the cyAbrB2 expression-repressed mutant showed high glycogen accumulation, equivalent to that in the cyabrB2 deletion mutant (ΔcyabrB2). Phenotypic similarities between the cyabrB2 expression-repressed mutant and the ΔcyabrB2 mutant suggest that the riboregulator can potentially be used as a new chromosomal gene regulation tool in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinuko Ueno
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakai
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Chika Shono
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ippei Sakamoto
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kaori Tsukakoshi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yukako Hihara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Koji Sode
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebukuro
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
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31
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Wasternack C, Strnad M. Jasmonates are signals in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites - Pathways, transcription factors and applied aspects - A brief review. N Biotechnol 2017; 48:1-11. [PMID: 29017819 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are signals in plant stress responses and development. One of the first observed and prominent responses to JAs is the induction of biosynthesis of different groups of secondary compounds. Among them are nicotine, isoquinolines, glucosinolates, anthocyanins, benzophenanthridine alkaloids, artemisinin, and terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs), such as vinblastine. This brief review describes modes of action of JAs in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins, nicotine, TIAs, glucosinolates and artemisinin. After introducing JA biosynthesis, the central role of the SCFCOI1-JAZ co-receptor complex in JA perception and MYB-type and MYC-type transcription factors is described. Brief comments are provided on primary metabolites as precursors of secondary compounds. Pathways for the biosynthesis of anthocyanin, nicotine, TIAs, glucosinolates and artemisinin are described with an emphasis on JA-dependent transcription factors, which activate or repress the expression of essential genes encoding enzymes in the biosynthesis of these secondary compounds. Applied aspects are discussed using the biotechnological formation of artemisinin as an example of JA-induced biosynthesis of secondary compounds in plant cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Wasternack
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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32
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Moses T, Goossens A. Plants for human health: greening biotechnology and synthetic biology. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:4009-4011. [PMID: 28922776 PMCID: PMC5853463 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Moses
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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