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Li D, Fan L, Shu Q, Guo F. Ectopic expression of OsWOX9A alters leaf anatomy and plant architecture in rice. PLANTA 2024; 260:30. [PMID: 38879830 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Ectopic expression of OsWOX9A induces narrow adaxially rolled rice leaves with larger bulliform cells and fewer large veins, probably through regulating the expression of auxin-related and expansin genes. The WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) family plays a pivotal role in plant development by regulating genes involved in various aspects of growth and differentiation. OsWOX9A (DWT1) has been linked to tiller growth, uniform plant growth, and flower meristem activity. However, its impact on leaf growth and development in rice has not been studied. In this study, we investigated the biological role of OsWOX9A in rice growth and development using transgenic plants. Overexpression of OsWOX9A conferred narrow adaxially rolled rice leaves and altered plant architecture. These plants exhibited larger bulliform cells and fewer larger veins compared to wild-type plants. OsWOX9A overexpression also reduced plant height, tiller number, and seed-setting rate. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed several differentially expressed auxin-related and expansin genes in OsWOX9A overexpressing plants, consistent with their roles in leaf and plant development. These results indicate that the ectopic expression of OsWOX9A may have multiple effects on the development and growth of rice, providing a more comprehensive picture of how the WOX9 subfamily contributes to leaf development and plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Longjiang Fan
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Qingyao Shu
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fu Guo
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China.
- Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, 572025, China.
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2
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Guo K, Liu M, Vella D, Suresh S, Hsia KJ. Dehydration-induced corrugated folding in Rhapis excelsa plant leaves. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320259121. [PMID: 38588439 PMCID: PMC11047117 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320259121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant leaves, whose remarkable ability for morphogenesis results in a wide range of petal and leaf shapes in response to environmental cues, have inspired scientific studies as well as the development of engineering structures and devices. Although some typical shape changes in plants and the driving force for such shape evolution have been extensively studied, there remain many poorly understood mechanisms, characteristics, and principles associated with the vast array of shape formation of plant leaves in nature. Here, we present a comprehensive study that combines experiment, theory, and numerical simulations of one such topic-the mechanics and mechanisms of corrugated leaf folding induced by differential shrinking in Rhapis excelsa. Through systematic measurements of the dehydration process in sectioned leaves, we identify a linear correlation between change in the leaf-folding angle and water loss. Building on experimental findings, we develop a generalized model that provides a scaling relationship for water loss in sectioned leaves. Furthermore, our study reveals that corrugated folding induced by dehydration in R. excelsa leaves is achieved by the deformation of a structural architecture-the "hinge" cells. Utilizing such connections among structure, morphology, environmental stimuli, and mechanics, we fabricate several biomimetic machines, including a humidity sensor and morphing devices capable of folding in response to dehydration. The mechanisms of corrugated folding in R. excelsa identified in this work provide a general understanding of the interactions between plant leaves and water. The actuation mechanisms identified in this study also provide insights into the rational design of soft machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Guo
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
| | - Mingchao Liu
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, BirminghamB15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Vella
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, OxfordOX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Subra Suresh
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
- Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI02912
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - K. Jimmy Hsia
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798, Singapore
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3
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Huang L, Gan M, Zhao W, Hu Y, Du L, Li Y, Zeng K, Wu D, Hao M, Ning S, Yuan Z, Feng L, Zhang L, Wu B, Liu D. Characterization and Mapping of a Rolling Leaf Mutant Allele rlT73 on Chromosome 1BL of Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4103. [PMID: 38612912 PMCID: PMC11012251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Leaf rolling is regarded as an important morphological trait in wheat breeding. Moderate leaf rolling is helpful to keep leaves upright and improve the photosynthesis of plants, leading to increased yield. However, studies on the identification of genomic regions/genes associated with rolling leaf have been reported less frequently in wheat. In this study, a rolling leaf mutant, T73, which has paired spikelets, dwarfism, and delayed heading traits, was obtained from a common wheat landrace through ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. The rlT73 mutation caused an increase in the number of epidermal cells on the abaxial side and the shrinkage of bulliform cells on the adaxial side, leading to an adaxially rolling leaf phenotype. Genetic analysis showed that the rolling leaf phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene. Further Wheat55K single nucleotide polymorphism array-based bulked segregant analysis and molecular marker mapping delimited rlT73 to a physical interval of 300.29-318.33 Mb on the chromosome arm 1BL in the Chinese Spring genome. We show that a point mutation at the miRNA165/166 binding site of the HD zipper class III transcription factor on 1BL altered its transcriptional level, which may be responsible for the rolling leaf phenotype. Our results suggest the important role of rlT73 in regulating wheat leaf development and the potential of miRNA-based gene regulation for crop trait improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Meijuan Gan
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhao
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanling Hu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lilin Du
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kanghui Zeng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ming Hao
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shunzong Ning
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhongwei Yuan
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lihua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lianquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bihua Wu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dengcai Liu
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Gong X, Chen J, Chen Y, He Y, Jiang D. Advancements in Rice Leaf Development Research. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:904. [PMID: 38592944 PMCID: PMC10976080 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Rice leaf morphology is a pivotal component of the ideal plant architecture, significantly impacting rice yield. The process of leaf development unfolds through three distinct stages: the initiation of leaf primordia, the establishment and maintenance of polarity, and leaf expansion. Genes regulating leaf morphology encompass transcription factors, hormones, and miRNAs. An in-depth synthesis and categorization of genes associated with leaf development, particularly those successfully cloned, hold paramount importance in unraveling the complexity of rice leaf development. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights into the potential for molecular-level manipulation of rice leaf types. This comprehensive review consolidates the stages of rice leaf development, the genes involved, molecular regulatory pathways, and the influence of plant hormones. Its objective is to establish a foundational understanding of the creation of ideal rice leaf forms and their practical application in molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dagang Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.G.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (Y.H.)
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Qiao L, Wu Q, Yuan L, Huang X, Yang Y, Li Q, Shahzad N, Li H, Li W. SMALL PLANT AND ORGAN 1 ( SPO1) Encoding a Cellulose Synthase-like Protein D4 (OsCSLD4) Is an Important Regulator for Plant Architecture and Organ Size in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16974. [PMID: 38069299 PMCID: PMC10707047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant architecture and organ size are considered as important traits in crop breeding and germplasm improvement. Although several factors affecting plant architecture and organ size have been identified in rice, the genetic and regulatory mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we identified and characterized the small plant and organ 1 (spo1) mutant in rice (Oryza sativa), which exhibits narrow and rolled leaf, reductions in plant height, root length, and grain width, and other morphological defects. Map-based cloning revealed that SPO1 is allelic with OsCSLD4, a gene encoding the cellulose synthase-like protein D4, and is highly expressed in the roots at the seedling and tillering stages. Microscopic observation revealed the spo1 mutant had reduced number and width in leaf veins, smaller size of leaf bulliform cells, reduced cell length and cell area in the culm, and decreased width of epidermal cells in the outer glume of the grain. These results indicate the role of SPO1 in modulating cell division and cell expansion, which modulates plant architecture and organ size. It is showed that the contents of endogenous hormones including auxin, abscisic acid, gibberellin, and zeatin tested in the spo1 mutant were significantly altered, compared to the wild type. Furthermore, the transcriptome analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are significantly enriched in the pathways associated with plant hormone signal transduction, cell cycle progression, and cell wall formation. These results indicated that the loss of SPO1/OsCSLD4 function disrupted cell wall cellulose synthase and hormones homeostasis and signaling, thus leading to smaller plant and organ size in spo1. Taken together, we suggest the functional role of SPO1/OsCSLD4 in the control of rice plant and organ size by modulating cell division and expansion, likely through the effects of multiple hormonal pathways on cell wall formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qilong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Liuzhen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Xudong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Yutao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Qinying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Nida Shahzad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Haifeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
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6
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Guo D, Chen L, Liu S, Jiang W, Ye Q, Wu Z, Wang X, Hu X, Zhang Z, He H, Hu L. Curling Leaf 1, Encoding a MYB-Domain Protein, Regulates Leaf Morphology and Affects Plant Yield in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3127. [PMID: 37687373 PMCID: PMC10490398 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The leaf is the main site of photosynthesis and is an important component in shaping the ideal rice plant architecture. Research on leaf morphology and development will lay the foundation for high-yield rice breeding. In this study, we isolated and identified a novel curling leaf mutant, designated curling leaf 1 (cl1). The cl1 mutant exhibited an inward curling phenotype because of the defective development of sclerenchymatous cells on the abaxial side. Meanwhile, the cl1 mutant showed significant reductions in grain yield and thousand-grain weight due to abnormal leaf development. Through map-based cloning, we identified the CL1 gene, which encodes a MYB transcription factor that is highly expressed in leaves. Subcellular localization studies confirmed its typical nuclear localization. Transcriptome analysis revealed a significant differential expression of the genes involved in photosynthesis, leaf morphology, yield formation, and hormone metabolism in the cl1 mutant. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that CL1 interacts with alpha-tubulin protein SRS5 and AP2/ERF protein MFS. These findings provide theoretical foundations for further elucidating the mechanisms of CL1 in regulating leaf morphology and offer genetic resources for practical applications in high-yield rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Guo
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Lianghai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wenxiang Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Qing Ye
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Zheng Wu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiafei Hu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Zelin Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Lifang Hu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.G.); (W.J.); (Q.Y.); (Z.W.); (X.W.); (X.H.); (Z.Z.)
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Han Y, Yang J, Wu H, Liu F, Qin B, Li R. Improving Rice Leaf Shape Using CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing of SRL1 and Characterizing Its Regulatory Network Involved in Leaf Rolling through Transcriptome Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11087. [PMID: 37446265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf rolling is a crucial agronomic trait to consider in rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding as it keeps the leaves upright, reducing interleaf shading and improving photosynthetic efficiency. The SEMI-ROLLED LEAF 1 (SRL1) gene plays a key role in regulating leaf rolling, as it encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein located on the plasma membrane. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to target the second and third exons of the SRL1 gene in the indica rice line GXU103, which resulted in the generation of 14 T0 transgenic plants with a double-target mutation rate of 21.4%. After screening 120 T1 generation plants, we identified 26 T-DNA-free homozygous double-target mutation plants. We designated the resulting SRL1 homozygous double-target knockout as srl1-103. This line exhibited defects in leaf development, leaf rolling in the mature upright leaves, and a compact nature of the fully grown plants. Compared with the wild type (WT), the T2 generation of srl1-103 varied in two key aspects: the width of flag leaf (12.6% reduction compared with WT) and the leaf rolling index (48.77% increase compared with WT). In order to gain a deeper understanding of the involvement of SRL1 in the regulatory network associated with rice leaf development, we performed a transcriptome analysis for the T2 generation of srl1-103. A comparison of srl1-103 with WT revealed 459 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 388 upregulated genes and 71 downregulated genes. In terms of the function of the DEGs, there seemed to be a significant enrichment of genes associated with cell wall synthesis (LOC_Os08g01670, LOC_Os05g46510, LOC_Os04g51450, LOC_Os10g28080, LOC_Os04g39814, LOC_Os01g71474, LOC_Os01g71350, and LOC_Os11g47600) and vacuole-related genes (LOC_Os09g23300), which may partially explain the increased leaf rolling in srl1-103. Furthermore, the significant downregulation of BAHD acyltransferase-like protein gene (LOC_Os08g44840) could be the main reason for the decreased leaf angle and the compact nature of the mutant plants. In summary, this study successfully elucidated the gene regulatory network in which SRL1 participates, providing theoretical support for targeting this gene in rice breeding programs to promote variety improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jinlian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Baoxiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Rongbai Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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8
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Raineri J, Caraballo LN, Gómez M, Chan RL. The Transcription Factor HaHB11 Boosts Grain Set and Yield in Rice Plants, Allowing Them to Approach Their Ideal Phenotype. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050826. [PMID: 37238696 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The ideal rice phenotype is that of plants exhibiting fewer panicles with high biomass, large grain number, flag leaf area with small insertion angles, and an erected morphology improving light interception. The sunflower transcription factor HaHB11, homeodomain-leucine zipper I, confers increased seed yield and abiotic stress tolerance to Arabidopsis and maize. Here, we report the obtaining and characterization of rice plants expressing HaHB11 driven by its promoter or the 35S constitutive one. Transgenic p35S:HaHB11 plants closely resembled the ideal high-yield phenotype, whereas those carrying the pHaHB11:HaHB11 construct were hard to distinguish from the wild type. The former had an erected architecture, enhanced vegetative leaf biomass, rolled flag leaves with a larger surface, sharper insertion angles insensitive to brassinosteroids, and higher harvest index and seed biomass than the wild type. The combination of the distinct features exhibited by p35S:HaHB11 plants, including the increased number of set grains per panicle, supports the high-yield phenotype. We wondered where HaHB11 has to be expressed to achieve the high-yield phenotype and evaluated HaHB11 expression levels in all tissues. The results indicate that its expression is particularly necessary in the flag leaf and panicle to produce the ideal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica Raineri
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Luciano Nicolás Caraballo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Gómez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Raquel Lía Chan
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
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9
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Wang J, Xu J, Wang L, Zhou M, Nian J, Chen M, Lu X, Liu X, Wang Z, Cen J, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Zeng D, Hu J, Zhu L, Dong G, Ren D, Gao Z, Shen L, Zhang Q, Li Q, Guo L, Yu S, Qian Q, Zhang G. SEMI-ROLLED LEAF 10 stabilizes catalase isozyme B to regulate leaf morphology and thermotolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:819-838. [PMID: 36597711 PMCID: PMC10037157 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture and stress tolerance play important roles in rice breeding. Specific leaf morphologies and ideal plant architecture can effectively improve both abiotic stress resistance and rice grain yield. However, the mechanism by which plants simultaneously regulate leaf morphogenesis and stress resistance remains elusive. Here, we report that SRL10, which encodes a double-stranded RNA-binding protein, regulates leaf morphology and thermotolerance in rice through alteration of microRNA biogenesis. The srl10 mutant had a semi-rolled leaf phenotype and elevated sensitivity to high temperature. SRL10 directly interacted with catalase isozyme B (CATB), and the two proteins mutually increased one other's stability to enhance hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) scavenging, thereby contributing to thermotolerance. The natural Hap3 (AGC) type of SRL10 allele was found to be present in the majority of aus rice accessions, and was identified as a thermotolerant allele under high temperature stress in both the field and the growth chamber. Moreover, the seed-setting rate was 3.19 times higher and grain yield per plant was 1.68 times higher in near-isogenic line (NIL) carrying Hap3 allele compared to plants carrying Hap1 allele under heat stress. Collectively, these results reveal a new locus of interest and define a novel SRL10-CATB based regulatory mechanism for developing cultivars with high temperature tolerance and stable yield. Furthermore, our findings provide a theoretical basis for simultaneous breeding for plant architecture and stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene ResearchCollege of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang ProvinceResearch Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouChina
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Mengyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jinqiang Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Minmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Xueli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Xiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Zian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jiangsu Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Yiting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Zhihai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Sibin Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene ResearchCollege of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LaboratorySanyaChina
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanyaChina
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed LaboratorySanyaChina
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanyaChina
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10
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Sun S, Li X, Nie N, Chen Y, Gao S, Zhang H, He S, Liu Q, Zhai H. Sweet potato NAC transcription factor NAC43 negatively regulates plant growth by causing leaf curling and reducing photosynthetic efficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1095977. [PMID: 36895881 PMCID: PMC9988925 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1095977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Leaves comprise one of the most important organs for plant growth and development. Although there have been some reports on leaf development and the establishment of leaf polarity, their regulatory mechanisms are not very clear. In this study, we isolated a NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factor (TF), i.e., IbNAC43, from Ipomoea trifida, which is a wild ancestor of sweet potato. This TF was highly expressed in the leaves and encoded a nuclear localization protein. The overexpression of IbNAC43 caused leaf curling and inhibited the growth and development of transgenic sweet potato plants. The chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate in transgenic sweet potato plants were significantly lower than those in wild-type (WT) plants. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and paraffin sections showed that the ratio of cells in the upper and lower epidermis of the transgenic plant leaves was unbalanced; moreover, the abaxial epidermal cells were irregular and uneven in transgenic plants. In addition, the xylem of transgenic plants was more developed than that of WT plants, while their lignin and cellulose contents were significantly higher than those of WT. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the overexpression of IbNAC43 upregulated the genes involved in leaf polarity development and lignin biosynthesis in transgenic plants. Moreover, it was found that IbNAC43 could directly activate the expression of the leaf adaxial polarity-related genes IbREV and IbAS1 by binding to their promoters. These results indicate that IbNAC43 might play a critical role in plant growth by affecting the establishment of leaf adaxial polarity. This study provides new insights regarding leaf development.
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11
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Zhou L, Chen S, Cai M, Cui S, Ren Y, Zhang X, Liu T, Zhou C, Jin X, Zhang L, Wu M, Zhang S, Cheng Z, Zhang X, Lei C, Lin Q, Guo X, Wang J, Zhao Z, Jiang L, Zhu S, Wan J. ESCRT-III component OsSNF7.2 modulates leaf rolling by trafficking and endosomal degradation of auxin biosynthetic enzyme OsYUC8 in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36702785 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) is highly conserved in eukaryotic cells and plays an essential role in the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies and cargo degradation to the plant vacuole or lysosomes. Although ESCRT components affect a variety of plant growth and development processes, their impact on leaf development is rarely reported. Here, we found that OsSNF7.2, an ESCRT-III component, controls leaf rolling in rice (Oryza sativa). The Ossnf7.2 mutant rolled leaf 17 (rl17) has adaxially rolled leaves due to the decreased number and size of the bulliform cells. OsSNF7.2 is expressed ubiquitously in all tissues, and its protein is localized in the endosomal compartments. OsSNF7.2 homologs, including OsSNF7, OsSNF7.3, and OsSNF7.4, can physically interact with OsSNF7.2, but their single mutation did not result in leaf rolling. Other ESCRT complex subunits, namely OsVPS20, OsVPS24, and OsBRO1, also interact with OsSNF7.2. Further assays revealed that OsSNF7.2 interacts with OsYUC8 and aids its vacuolar degradation. Both Osyuc8 and rl17 Osyuc8 showed rolled leaves, indicating that OsYUC8 and OsSNF7.2 function in the same pathway, conferring leaf development. This study reveals a new biological function for the ESCRT-III components, and provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf rolling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Saihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Maohong Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Song Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yulong Ren
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tianzhen Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunlei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xin Jin
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Minxi Wu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhijun Cheng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Cailin Lei
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qibing Lin
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiuping Guo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jie Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhichao Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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12
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Kang SG, Lee DS, Do GS, Pandeya D, Matin MN. Genetic analysis of a DROOPING LEAF mutant allele dl-6 associated with a twisted and folded leaf base caused by a deficiency in midrib development in rice. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 279:153837. [PMID: 36279633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The failure of midrib formation in rice leaf blades results in the drooping leaf (dl) phenotype. A normal DROOPING LEAF (DL) gene is necessary for leaf homeotic transformation, which affects midrib and pistil development. Genetic analysis was performed on a new drooping leaf (dl) mutant named dl-6 in rice. The dl-6 allelic mutant exhibited drooping leaves that were severely folded and twisted at the base but had normal flower structure. The dl-6 allele is a nuclear recessive trait that fits a 3:1 Mendelian segregation ratio. The dl-6 mutant leaves displayed an abnormal main vein (midrib-less) with undeveloped aerenchyma and vascular bundles, resulting in severe leaf drooping. The lack of a midrib in dl-6 caused weak mechanical support, which resulted in folding at the collar junction of the leaf base and downward bending. Through genetic mapping, the dl-6 allele was identified at approximately 28.2 cM on rice chromosome 3. The allele was caused by mutations within the DL (LOC_Os03g11600.1) gene, with specific amino acid substitutions and additions in the encoded protein of the YABBY transcription factor. The dl-6 mutant is a recessive allele encoding a dysfunctional YABBY transcription factor that regulates leaf midrib development and aerenchymatous clear cell structures, leading to a drooping leaf phenotype in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Gu Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Sun Lee
- Key Lab of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry, Yunnam Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Geum Sook Do
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-Ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Devendra Pandeya
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Mohammad Nurul Matin
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea; Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
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13
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Yuan Z, Pan J, Chen C, Tang Y, Zhang H, Guo J, Yang X, Chen L, Li C, Zhao K, Wang Q, Yang B, Sun C, Deng X, Wang P. DRB2 Modulates Leaf Rolling by Regulating Accumulation of MicroRNAs Related to Leaf Development in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911147. [PMID: 36232465 PMCID: PMC9570175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important agronomic trait in rice (Oryza sativa), moderate leaf rolling helps to maintain the erectness of leaves and minimize shadowing between leaves, leading to improved photosynthetic efficiency and grain yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying rice leaf rolling still need to be elucidated. Here, we isolated a rice mutant, rl89, showing adaxially rolled leaf phenotype due to decreased number and size of bulliform cells. We confirmed that the rl89 phenotypes were caused by a single nucleotide substitution in OsDRB2 (LOC_Os10g33970) gene encoding DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA-BINDING2. This gene was constitutively expressed, and its encoded protein was localized to both nucleus and cytoplasm. Yeast two-hybrid assay showed that OsDRB2 could interact with DICER-LIKE1 (DCL1) and OsDRB1-2 respectively. qRT-PCR analysis of 29 related genes suggested that defects of the OsDRB2-miR166-OsHBs pathway could play an important role in formation of the rolled leaf phenotype of rl89, in which OsDRB2 mutation reduced miR166 accumulation, resulting in elevated expressions of the class III homeodomain-leucine zipper genes (such as OsHB1, 3 and 5) involved in leaf polarity and/or morphology development. Moreover, OsDRB2 mutation also reduced accumulation of miR160, miR319, miR390, and miR396, which could cause the abnormal leaf development in rl89 by regulating expressions of their target genes related to leaf development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jihong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Congping Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yulin Tang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongshan Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Longfei Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaojian Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (X.D.); (P.W.)
| | - Pingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (X.D.); (P.W.)
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14
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Zhu Z, Wang J, Li C, Li L, Mao X, Hu G, Wang J, Chang J, Jing R. A transcription factor TaMYB5 modulates leaf rolling in wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:897623. [PMID: 36082295 PMCID: PMC9445664 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.897623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaf rolling is an important agronomic trait in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Moderate leaf rolling keeps leaves upright and maintains the relatively normal photosynthesis of plants under drought stress. However, the molecular mechanism of wheat leaf rolling remains unclear. Here, we identified a candidate gene TaMYB5-3A that regulates leaf rolling by using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a panel of 323 wheat accessions. Phenotype analysis indicated that the leaves of tamyb5 mutants were flatter than that of the wild type under drought condition. A nucleotide variation in the TaMYB5-3A coding region resulted in a substitution of Thr to Lys, which corresponds to two alleles SNP-3A-1 and SNP-3A-2. The leaf rolling index (LRI) of the SNP-3A-1 genotype was significantly lower than that of the SNP-3A-2 genotype. In addition, TaMYB5-3A alleles were associated with canopy temperature (CT) in multiple environments. The CT of the SNP-3A-1 genotype was lower than that of the SNP-3A-2 genotype. Gene expression analysis showed that TaMYB5-3A was mainly expressed in leaves and down-regulated by PEG and ABA treatment. TaMYB5 induces TaNRL1 gene expression through the direct binding to the AC cis-acting element of the promoter of the target gene, which was validated by EMSA (electrophoretic mobility shift assay). Our results revealed a crucial molecular mechanism in wheat leaf rolling and provided the theoretical basis and a gene resource for crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhu
- Shanxi Institute of Organic Dryland Farming, Organic Dry Farming of Shanxi Province Key Laboratory, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaonan Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Hu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jianzhong Chang
- Shanxi Institute of Organic Dryland Farming, Organic Dry Farming of Shanxi Province Key Laboratory, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Chakraborty A, Viswanath A, Malipatil R, Semalaiyappan J, Shah P, Ronanki S, Rathore A, Singh SP, Govindaraj M, Tonapi VA, Thirunavukkarasu N. Identification of Candidate Genes Regulating Drought Tolerance in Pearl Millet. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136907. [PMID: 35805919 PMCID: PMC9266394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pearl millet is an important crop of the arid and semi-arid ecologies to sustain food and fodder production. The greater tolerance to drought stress attracts us to examine its cellular and molecular mechanisms via functional genomics approaches to augment the grain yield. Here, we studied the drought response of 48 inbreds representing four different maturity groups at the flowering stage. A set of 74 drought-responsive genes were separated into five major phylogenic groups belonging to eight functional groups, namely ABA signaling, hormone signaling, ion and osmotic homeostasis, TF-mediated regulation, molecular adaptation, signal transduction, physiological adaptation, detoxification, which were comprehensively studied. Among the conserved motifs of the drought-responsive genes, the protein kinases and MYB domain proteins were the most conserved ones. Comparative in-silico analysis of the drought genes across millet crops showed foxtail millet had most orthologs with pearl millet. Of 698 haplotypes identified across millet crops, MyC2 and Myb4 had maximum haplotypes. The protein–protein interaction network identified ABI2, P5CS, CDPK, DREB, MYB, and CYP707A3 as major hub genes. The expression assay showed the presence of common as well as unique drought-responsive genes across maturity groups. Drought tolerant genotypes in respective maturity groups were identified from the expression pattern of genes. Among several gene families, ABA signaling, TFs, and signaling proteins were the prospective contributors to drought tolerance across maturity groups. The functionally validated genes could be used as promising candidates in backcross breeding, genomic selection, and gene-editing schemes in pearl millet and other millet crops to increase the yield in drought-prone arid and semi-arid ecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animikha Chakraborty
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (A.C.); (A.V.); (R.M.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Aswini Viswanath
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (A.C.); (A.V.); (R.M.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Renuka Malipatil
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (A.C.); (A.V.); (R.M.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Janani Semalaiyappan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (A.C.); (A.V.); (R.M.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Priya Shah
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (A.C.); (A.V.); (R.M.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Swarna Ronanki
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (A.C.); (A.V.); (R.M.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India;
| | - Sumer Pal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Mahalingam Govindaraj
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, India;
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (N.T.)
| | - Vilas A. Tonapi
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (A.C.); (A.V.); (R.M.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (V.A.T.)
| | - Nepolean Thirunavukkarasu
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (A.C.); (A.V.); (R.M.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (S.R.); (V.A.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (N.T.)
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16
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Chen Z, Teng S, Liu D, Chang Y, Zhang L, Cui X, Wu J, Ai P, Sun X, Lu T, Zhang Z. RLM1, Encoding an R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor, Regulates the Development of Secondary Cell Wall in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:905111. [PMID: 35712587 PMCID: PMC9194675 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.905111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaf morphology is an important component of rice ideal plant type. To date, many regulatory genes influencing leaf morphology in rice have been cloned, and their underlying molecular regulatory mechanism has been preliminarily clarified. However, the fine regulation relationship of leaf morphogenesis and plant type remains largely elusive. In this study, a rolling-leaf mutant, named rlm1-D, was obtained and controlled by a pair of dominant nuclear genes. Cytological observations revealed that the rlm1 was mainly caused by abnormal deposition of secondary cell walls. Molecular evidence showed ectopic expression of a MYB-type transcription factor LOC_Os05g46610 was responsible for the phenotype of rlm1-D. A series of experiments, including the transcription factor-centered technology, DNA-binding assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay, verified that RLM1 can bind to the promoter of OsCAD2, a key gene responsible for lignin biosynthesis in rice. An interacting partner of RLM1, OsMAPK10, was identified. Multiple biochemical assays confirmed that OsMAPK10 interacted with RLM1. OsMAPK10 positively regulated the lignin content in the leaves and stems of rice. Moreover, OsMAPK10 contributes to RLM1 activation of downstream target genes. In particular, RLM1 is exclusively expressed in the stems at the mature plant stage. The yield of RLM1 knockdown lines increased by over 11% without other adverse agricultural trait penalties, indicating great practical application value. A MAPK-MYB-OsCAD2 genetic regulatory network controlling SCW was proposed, providing a theoretical significance and practical value for shaping the ideal plant type and improving rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Chen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shouzhen Teng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Di Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuean Cui
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxia Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Ai
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuehui Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiegang Lu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Ali Z, Merrium S, Habib-Ur-Rahman M, Hakeem S, Saddique MAB, Sher MA. Wetting mechanism and morphological adaptation; leaf rolling enhancing atmospheric water acquisition in wheat crop-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:30967-30985. [PMID: 35102510 PMCID: PMC9054867 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Several plant species such as grasses are dominant in many habitats including arid and semi-arid areas. These species survive in these regions by developing exclusive structures, which helps in the collection of atmospheric water. Before the collected water evaporates, these structures have unique canopy structure for water transportation that plays an equivalent share in the fog-harvesting mechanism. In this review, the atmospheric gaseous water harvesting mechanisms and their affinity of measurements were discussed. Morphological adaptations and their role in the capturing of atmospheric gaseous water of various species were also discussed. The key factor for the water collection and its conduction in the wheat plant is the information of contact angle hysteresis. In wheat, leaf rolling and its association with wetting property help the plant in water retention. Morphological adaptations, i.e., leaf erectness, grooves, and prickle hairs, also help in the collection and acquisition of water droplets by stem flows in directional guide toward the base of the plant and allow its rapid uptake. Morphological adaptation strengthens the harvesting mechanism by preventing the loss of water through shattering. Thus, wheat canopy architecture can be modified to harvest the atmospheric water and directional movement of water towards the root zone for self-irrigation. Moreover, these morphological adaptations are also linked with drought avoidance and corresponding physiological processes to resist water stress. The combination of these traits together with water use efficiency in wheat contributes to a highly efficient atmospheric water harvesting system that enables the wheat plants to reduce the cost of production. It also increases the yielding potential of the crop in arid and semi-arid environments. Further investigating the ecophysiology and molecular pathways of these morphological adaptations in wheat may have significant applications in varying climatic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan.
| | - Sabah Merrium
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Habib-Ur-Rahman
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan.
| | - Sadia Hakeem
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ali Sher
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
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18
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Transcriptomic analysis of OsRUS1 overexpression rice lines with rapid and dynamic leaf rolling morphology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6736. [PMID: 35468979 PMCID: PMC9038715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Moderate leaf rolling helps to form the ideotype of rice. In this study, six independent OsRUS1-GFP overexpression (OsRUS1-OX) transgenic rice lines with rapid and dynamic leaf rolling phenotype in response to sunlight were constructed. However, the mechanism is unknown. Here, RNA-Seq approach was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes between flag leaves of OsRUS1-OX and wildtype under sunlight. 2920 genes were differentially expressed between OsRUS1-OX and WT, of which 1660 upregulated and 1260 downregulated. Six of the 16 genes in GO: 0009415 (response to water stimulus) were significantly upregulated in OsRUS1-OX. The differentially expressed genes between WT and OsRUS1-OX were assigned to 110 KEGG pathways. 42 of the 222 genes in KEGG pathway dosa04075 (Plant hormone signal transduction) were differentially expressed between WT and OsRUS1-OX. The identified genes in GO:0009415 and KEGG pathway dosa04075 were good candidates to explain the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX. The expression patterns of the 15 genes identified by RNA-Seq were verified by qRT-PCR. Based on transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analysis, a mechanism for the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX was proposed. The differential expression profiles between WT and OsRUS1-OX established by this study provide important insights into the molecular mechanism behind the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX.
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19
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Zhang Q, Liu G, Jin J, Liang J, Zhang J, Peng H, Wang W, Zhang Z. RIP2 interacts with REL1 to control leaf architecture by modulating brassinosteroid signaling in rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:979-991. [PMID: 35083510 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-04011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RIP2 serves as a negative regulator of leaf inclination through the coordination of BR signaling in rice. Leaf angle is considered as an important morphological trait in rice. Appropriate leaf angle increases the efficiency of sunlight capture and maintains a high level of photosynthesis, ultimately improving crop yield. Our present study demonstrates that RIP2 encodes a RING finger E3 ligase protein that directly binds to ROLLED AND ERECT LEAF 1 (REL1), a key regulator of leaf morphogenesis. Further studies reveal that RIP2 is extensively involved in leaf inclination through the coordination of BR signaling. Repression of RIP2 led to altered phenotypes, including enlarged leaf inclination and fewer tillers. Conversely, rice overexpressing RIP2 exhibited erect leaves. The double mutant rel1 rip2 displayed phenotypes similar to those of rel1, characterized by rolled leaves. Transcriptome profiling of WT, rel1, rip2, and rel1 rip2 mutants revealed that BR and IAA signaling pathways were impaired in rip2. Moreover, rel1, rip2, and rel1 rip2 were insensitive to BR treatment. In summary, these findings demonstrate that RIP2 serves as a negative regulator of leaf inclination, and therefore, provides an approach for the optimization of an ideal plant type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guanming Liu
- College of Agriculture & Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510550, China
| | - Jing Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiayan Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Haifeng Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Zemin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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20
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Lo SF, Chatterjee J, Biswal AK, Liu IL, Chang YP, Chen PJ, Wanchana S, Elmido-Mabilangan A, Nepomuceno RA, Bandyopadhyay A, Hsing YI, Quick WP. Closer vein spacing by ectopic expression of nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat proteins in rice leaves. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:319-335. [PMID: 34837515 PMCID: PMC8850240 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Elevated expression of nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat proteins led to closer vein spacing and higher vein density in rice leaves. To feed the growing global population and mitigate the negative effects of climate change, there is a need to improve the photosynthetic capacity and efficiency of major crops such as rice to enhance grain yield potential. Alterations in internal leaf morphology and cellular architecture are needed to underpin some of these improvements. One of the targets is to generate a "Kranz-like" anatomy in leaves that includes decreased interveinal spacing close to that in C4 plant species. As C4 photosynthesis has evolved from C3 photosynthesis independently in multiple lineages, the genes required to facilitate C4 may already be present in the rice genome. The Taiwan Rice Insertional Mutants (TRIM) population offers the advantage of gain-of-function phenotype trapping, which accelerates the identification of rice gene function. In the present study, we screened the TRIM population to determine the extent to which genetic plasticity can alter vein density (VD) in rice. Close vein spacing mutant 1 (CVS1), identified from a VD screening of approximately 17,000 TRIM lines, conferred heritable high leaf VD. Increased vein number in CVS1 was confirmed to be associated with activated expression of two nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins. Overexpression of the two NB-LRR genes individually in rice recapitulates the high VD phenotype, due mainly to reduced interveinal mesophyll cell (M cell) number, length, bulliform cell size and thus interveinal distance. Our studies demonstrate that the trait of high VD in rice can be achieved by elevated expression of NB-LRR proteins limited to no yield penalty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuen-Fang Lo
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jolly Chatterjee
- C4 Rice Centre, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Akshaya K Biswal
- C4 Rice Centre, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
- Genetic Resources Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Carretera México-Veracruz km. 45, El Batán, Texcoco, CP 56237, México
| | - I-Lun Liu
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Pei Chang
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Jing Chen
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Samart Wanchana
- C4 Rice Centre, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | | | - Robert A Nepomuceno
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines (BIOTECH-UPLB), Los Baños, 4031, Philippines
| | | | - Yue-Ie Hsing
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - William Paul Quick
- C4 Rice Centre, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines.
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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21
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Xu Y, Kong W, Wang F, Wang J, Tao Y, Li W, Chen Z, Fan F, Jiang Y, Zhu Q, Yang J. Heterodimer formed by ROC8 and ROC5 modulates leaf rolling in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2662-2672. [PMID: 34448351 PMCID: PMC8633501 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Moderately rolled leaf is one of the target traits of the ideal plant architecture in rice breeding. Many genes, including homeodomain leucine zipper IV transcription factors ROC5 and ROC8, regulating rice leaf rolling have been cloned and functionally analysed. However, the molecular mechanism by which these genes modulate leaf-rolling remains largely elusive. In this study, we demonstrated the transcription activation activity of both ROC8 and ROC5. Overexpressing ROC8 caused adaxially rolled leaves due to decreased number and size of bulliform cells, whereas knockout of ROC8 induced abaxially rolled leaves due to increased number and size of bulliform cells. ROC8 and ROC5 each could form homodimer, but ROC8 interacted preferably with ROC5 to forms a heterodimer. Importantly, we showed that the ROC8-ROC5 heterodimer rather than the homodimer of ROC8 or ROC5 was functional as neither overexpressing ROC8 in the ROC5 mutant nor overexpressing ROC5 in the ROC8-knockout line could rescue the mutant phenotype. This was further partially supported by the identification of a large number of common differentially expressed genes in single and double mutants of roc8 and roc5. ROC8 and ROC5 were functionally additive as the phenotype of abaxially rolled leaves was stronger in the roc5roc8 double mutant than in their single mutants. Our results provide evidence for the role of dimerization of ROC members in regulating leaf rolling of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Weiyi Kong
- College of Grassland ScienceNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fangquan Wang
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Yajun Tao
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Wenqi Li
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Fangjun Fan
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Yanjie Jiang
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | | | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
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22
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Meng B, Wang T, Luo Y, Xu D, Li L, Diao Y, Gao Z, Hu Z, Zheng X. Genome-Wide Association Study Identified Novel Candidate Loci/Genes Affecting Lodging Resistance in Rice. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:718. [PMID: 34064770 PMCID: PMC8151605 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lodging reduces rice yield, but increasing lodging resistance (LR) usually limits yield potential. Stem strength and leaf type are major traits related to LR and yield, respectively. Hence, understanding the genetic basis of stem strength and leaf type is of help to reduce lodging and increase yield in LR breeding. Here, we carried out an association analysis to identify quantitative trait locus (QTLs) affecting stem strength-related traits (internode length/IL, stem wall thickness/SWT, stem outer diameter/SOD, and stem inner diameter/SID) and leaf type-associated traits (Flag leaf length/FLL, Flag leaf angle/FLA, Flag leaf width/FLW, leaf-rolling/LFR and SPAD/Soil, and plant analyzer development) using a diverse panel of 550 accessions and evaluated over two years. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 4,076,837 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified 89 QTLs for the nine traits. Next, through "gene-based association analysis, haplotype analysis, and functional annotation", the scope was narrowed down step by step. Finally, we identified 21 candidate genes in 9 important QTLs that included four reported genes (TUT1, OsCCC1, CFL1, and ACL-D), and seventeen novel candidate genes. Introgression of alleles, which are beneficial for both stem strength and leaf type, or pyramiding stem strength alleles and leaf type alleles, can be employed for LR breeding. All in all, the experimental data and the identified candidate genes in this study provide a useful reference for the genetic improvement of rice LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Lotus Engineering Center, College of life sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (B.M.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Z.G.)
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Lotus Engineering Center, College of life sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (B.M.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Lotus Engineering Center, College of life sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (B.M.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Z.G.)
| | - Deze Xu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
| | - Lanzhi Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Ying Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Lotus Engineering Center, College of life sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (B.M.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhiyong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Lotus Engineering Center, College of life sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (B.M.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhongli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Lotus Engineering Center, College of life sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (B.M.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (Z.G.)
| | - Xingfei Zheng
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
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23
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Roodt D. Bringing on the bulliform cells: a complex transcriptional regulatory module keeps rice leaves flat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1476-1478. [PMID: 33582803 PMCID: PMC8133670 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Roodt
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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24
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Fang J, Guo T, Xie Z, Chun Y, Zhao J, Peng L, Zafar SA, Yuan S, Xiao L, Li X. The URL1-ROC5-TPL2 transcriptional repressor complex represses the ACL1 gene to modulate leaf rolling in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1722-1744. [PMID: 33793928 PMCID: PMC8133684 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Moderate leaf rolling is beneficial for leaf erectness and compact plant architecture. However, our understanding regarding the molecular mechanisms of leaf rolling is still limited. Here, we characterized a semi-dominant rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant upward rolled leaf 1 (Url1) showing adaxially rolled leaves due to a decrease in the number and size of bulliform cells. Map-based cloning revealed that URL1 encodes the homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) IV family member RICE OUTERMOST CELL-SPECIFIC 8 (ROC8). A single-base substitution in one of the two conserved complementary motifs unique to the 3'-untranslated region of this family enhanced URL1 mRNA stability and abundance in the Url1 mutant. URL1 (UPWARD ROLLED LEAF1) contains an ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression motif and functions as a transcriptional repressor via interaction with the TOPLESS co-repressor OsTPL2. Rather than homodimerizing, URL1 heterodimerizes with another HD-ZIP IV member ROC5. URL1 could bind directly to the promoter and suppress the expression of abaxially curled leaf 1 (ACL1), a positive regulator of bulliform cell development. Knockout of OsTPL2 or ROC5 or overexpression of ACL1 in the Url1 mutant partially suppressed the leaf-rolling phenotype. Our results reveal a regulatory network whereby a transcriptional repression complex composed of URL1, ROC5, and the transcriptional corepressor TPL2 suppresses the expression of the ACL1 gene, thus modulating bulliform cell development and leaf rolling in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Fang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Zhiwei Xie
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Chun
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lixiang Peng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Syed Adeel Zafar
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shoujiang Yuan
- Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xueyong Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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25
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Ganie SA, Ahammed GJ. Dynamics of cell wall structure and related genomic resources for drought tolerance in rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:437-459. [PMID: 33389046 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall plasticity plays a very crucial role in vegetative and reproductive development of rice under drought and is a highly potential trait for improving rice yield under drought. Drought is a major constraint in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation severely affecting all developmental stages, with the reproductive stage being the most sensitive. Rice plants employ multiple strategies to cope with drought, in which modification in cell wall dynamics plays a crucial role. Over the years, significant progress has been made in discovering the cell wall-specific genomic resources related to drought tolerance at vegetative and reproductive stages of rice. However, questions remain about how the drought-induced changes in cell wall made by these genomic resources potentially influence the vegetative and reproductive development of rice. The possibly major candidate genes underlying the function of quantitative trait loci directly or indirectly associated with the cell wall plasticization-mediated drought tolerance of rice might have a huge promise in dissecting the putative genomic regions associated with cell wall plasticity under drought. Furthermore, engineering the drought tolerance of rice using cell wall-related genes from resurrection plants may have huge prospects for rice yield improvement. Here, we review the comprehensive multidisciplinary analyses to unravel different components and mechanisms involved in drought-induced cell wall plasticity at vegetative and reproductive stages that could be targeted for improving rice yield under drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showkat Ahmad Ganie
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India.
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
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26
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhu X, Wang X, Zhu Z, Li Y, Xie J, Xiong Y, Yang Z, He G, Sang X. Curled Flag Leaf 2, Encoding a Cytochrome P450 Protein, Regulated by the Transcription Factor Roc5, Influences Flag Leaf Development in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:616977. [PMID: 33643332 PMCID: PMC7907467 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.616977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Moderate curling generally causes upright leaf blades, which favors the establishment of ideal plant architecture and increases the photosynthetic efficiency of the population, both of which are desirable traits for super hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we identified a novel curled-leaf mutant, curled flag leaf 2 (cfl2), which shows specific curling at the base of the flag leaf owing to abnormal epidermal development, caused by enlarged bulliform cells and increased number of papillae with the disordered distribution. Map-based cloning reveals that CFL2 encodes a cytochrome P450 protein and corresponds to the previously reported OsCYP96B4. CFL2 was expressed in all analyzed tissues with differential abundance and was downregulated in the clf1 mutant [a mutant harbors a mutation in the homeodomain leucine zipper IV (HD-ZIP IV) transcription factor Roc5]. Yeast one-hybrid and transient expression assays confirm that Roc5 could directly bind to the cis-element L1 box in the promoter of CFL2 before activating CFL2 expression. RNA sequencing reveals that genes associated with cellulose biosynthesis and cell wall-related processes were significantly upregulated in the cfl2 mutant. The components of cell wall, such as lignin, cellulose, and some kinds of monosaccharide, were altered dramatically in the cfl2 mutant when compared with wild-type "Jinhui10" (WT). Taken together, CFL2, as a target gene of Roc5, plays an important role in the regulation of flag leaf shape by influencing epidermis and cell wall development.
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27
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Bae KD, Um TY, Yang WT, Park TH, Hong SY, Kim KM, Chung YS, Yun DJ, Kim DH. Characterization of dwarf and narrow leaf ( dnl-4) mutant in rice. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1849490. [PMID: 33300429 PMCID: PMC7849693 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1849490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Height and leaf morphology are important agronomic traits of the major crop plant rice (Oryza sativa). In previous studies, the dwarf and narrow leaf genes (dnl1, dnl2 and dnl3) have identified in rice. Using the Ac/Ds knockout system, we found a new dwarf and narrow leaf (dnl) mutant and identified mutated gene. The dnl-4 mutant showed reduced plant height and leaf blade width compared to the wild type, and increased leaf inclination. The morphological defects of the mutant were caused by the suppressed expression of the DNL-4 gene, which encodes a pfkB carbohydrate kinase protein. These results suggest that DNL-4 expression is involved in modulating plant height and leaf growth. Furthermore, DNL-4 expression also affects productivity in rice: the dnl-4 mutant exhibited reduced panicle length and grain width compared with the wild type. To understand DNL-4 function in rice, we analyzed the expression levels of leaf growth-related genes, such as NAL1, NAL7, and CSLD4, in the dnl-4 mutant. Expression of NAL1 and NAL7 was downregulated in the dnl-4 mutant compared to the wild type. The observation that DNL-4 expression corresponded with that of NAL1 and NAL7 is consistent with the narrow leaf phenotype of the dnl-4 mutant. These results suggest that DNL-4 regulates plant height and leaf structure in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Deuk Bae
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Tae-Young Um
- Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Won-Tae Yang
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Tae-Hyeon Park
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea
| | - So-Yeon Hong
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young-Soo Chung
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doh-Hoon Kim
- College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- CONTACT Doh-Hoon KimCollege of Life Science and Natural Resources, Dong-A University, Busan49315, Korea
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Sun J, Cui X, Teng S, Kunnong Z, Wang Y, Chen Z, Sun X, Wu J, Ai P, Quick WP, Lu T, Zhang Z. HD-ZIP IV gene Roc8 regulates the size of bulliform cells and lignin content in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:2559-2572. [PMID: 32559019 PMCID: PMC7680540 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of bulliform cells located on the upper epidermis of leaves is one of the most important cell structures affecting leaf shape. Although many mechanisms regulating the development of bulliform cells have been reported, the fine regulatory mechanisms governing this process have rarely been described. To identify novel components regulating rice leaf morphology, a mutant showing a constitutively rolling phenotype from the seedling stage to flowering, known as crm1-D, was selected for further analysis. Anatomical analyses in crm1-D were attributable to the size reduction of bulliform cells. The crm1-D was controlled by a single dominant nuclear gene. Map-based cloning revealed that Roc8, an HD zipper class IV family member, was responsible for the crm1-D phenotype. Notably, the 50-bp sequence in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the Roc8 gene represses Roc8 at the translational level. Moreover, the roc8 knockdown lines notably increased the size of bulliform cells. A series of assays revealed that Roc8 negatively regulates the size of bulliform cells. Unexpectedly, Roc8 was also observed to positively mediate lignin biosynthesis without incurring a production penalty. The above results show that Roc8 may have a practical application in cultivating materials with high photosynthetic efficiency and low lignin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xuean Cui
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shouzhen Teng
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhao Kunnong
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yanwei Wang
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xuehui Sun
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jinxia Wu
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Pengfei Ai
- College of Bioscience and BioengineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyHebeiChina
| | - William Paul Quick
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
- C4 Rice CenterInternational Rice Research Institute (IRRI)UPLBLos BañosLagunaPhilippines
- Department of Animal and Plant SciencesUniversity of SheffieldWestern BankSheffieldUK
| | - Tiegang Lu
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic EnhancementBiotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene ImprovementThe Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
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Pan Z, Liu M, Zhao H, Tan Z, Liang K, Sun Q, Gong D, He H, Zhou W, Qiu F. ZmSRL5 is involved in drought tolerance by maintaining cuticular wax structure in maize. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:1895-1909. [PMID: 32965083 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cuticular wax is a natural barrier on terrestrial plant organs, which protects plants from damages caused by a variety of stresses. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of a cuticular-wax-related gene, Zea mays L. SEMI-ROLLED LEAF 5 (ZmSRL5). The loss-of-function mutant srl5, which was created by a 3,745 bp insertion in the first intron that led to the premature transcript, exhibited abnormal wax crystal morphology and distribution, which, in turn, caused the pleiotropic phenotypes including increased chlorophyll leaching and water loss rate, decreased leaf temperature, sensitivity to drought, as well as semi-rolled mature leaves. However, total wax amounts showed no significant difference between wild type and semi-rolled leaf5 (srl5) mutant. The phenotype of srl5 was confirmed through the generation of two allelic mutants using CRISPR/Cas9. ZmSRL5 encodes a CASPARIAN-STRIP-MEMBRANE-DOMAIN-LIKE (CASPL) protein located in plasma membrane, and highly expressed in developing leaves. Further analysis showed that the expressions of the most wax related genes were not affected or slightly altered in srl5. This study, thus, primarily uncovers that ZmSRL5 is required for the structure formation of the cuticular wax and could increase the drought tolerance by maintaining the proper cuticular wax structure in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hailiang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zengdong Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kun Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dianming Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haijun He
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fazhan Qiu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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QTL detection and putative candidate gene prediction for leaf rolling under moisture stress condition in wheat. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18696. [PMID: 33122772 PMCID: PMC7596552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf rolling is an important mechanism to mitigate the effects of moisture stress in several plant species. In the present study, a set of 92 wheat recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between NI5439 × HD2012 were used to identify QTLs associated with leaf rolling under moisture stress condition. Linkage map was constructed using Axiom 35 K Breeder’s SNP Array and microsatellite (SSR) markers. A linkage map with 3661 markers comprising 3589 SNP and 72 SSR markers spanning 22,275.01 cM in length across 21 wheat chromosomes was constructed. QTL analysis for leaf rolling trait under moisture stress condition revealed 12 QTLs on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 4A, 4B, 5D, and 6B. A stable QTL Qlr.nhv-5D.2 was identified on 5D chromosome flanked by SNP marker interval AX-94892575–AX-95124447 (5D:338665301–5D:410952987). Genetic and physical map integration in the confidence intervals of Qlr.nhv-5D.2 revealed 14 putative candidate genes for drought tolerance which was narrowed down to six genes based on in-silico analysis. Comparative study of leaf rolling genes in rice viz., NRL1, OsZHD1, Roc5, and OsHB3 on wheat genome revealed five genes on chromosome 5D. Out of the identified genes, TraesCS5D02G253100 falls exactly in the QTL Qlr.nhv-5D.2 interval and showed 96.9% identity with OsZHD1. Two genes similar to OsHB3 viz. TraesCS5D02G052300 and TraesCS5D02G385300 exhibiting 85.6% and 91.8% identity; one gene TraesCS5D02G320600 having 83.9% identity with Roc5 gene; and one gene TraesCS5D02G102600 showing 100% identity with NRL1 gene were also identified, however, these genes are located outside Qlr.nhv-5D.2 interval. Hence, TraesCS5D02G253100 could be the best potential candidate gene for leaf rolling and can be utilized for improving drought tolerance in wheat.
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Tu B, Zhang T, Wang Y, Hu L, Li J, Zheng L, Zhou Y, Li J, Xue F, Zhu X, Yuan H, Chen W, Qin P, Ma B, Li S. Membrane-associated xylanase-like protein OsXYN1 is required for normal cell wall deposition and plant development in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4797-4811. [PMID: 32337581 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The rice (Oryza sativa) genome encodes 37 putative β-1,4-xylanase proteins, but none of them has been characterized at the genetic level. In this work, we report the isolation of slim stem (ss) mutants with pleiotropic defects, including dwarfism, leaf tip necrosis, and withered and rolled leaves under strong sunlight. Map-based cloning of the ss1 mutant identified the candidate gene as OsXyn1 (LOC_03g47010), which encodes a xylanase-like protein belonging to the glycoside hydrolase 10 (GH10) family. OsXyn1 was found to be widely expressed, especially in young tissues. Subcellular localization analysis showed that OsXyn1 encodes a membrane-associated protein. Physiological analysis of ss1 and the allelic ss2 mutant revealed that water uptake was partially compromised in these mutants. Consistently, the plant cell wall of the mutants exhibited middle lamella abnormalities or deficiencies. Immunogold assays revealed an unconfined distribution of xylan in the mutant cell walls, which may have contributed to a slower rate of plant cell wall biosynthesis and delayed plant growth. Additionally, water deficiency caused abscisic acid accumulation and triggered drought responses in the mutants. The findings that OsXyn1 is involved in plant cell wall deposition and the regulation of plant growth and development help to shed light on the functions of the rice GH10 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Hu
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Li
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Hybrid Rice Research Center, Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Collage of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Jialian Li
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengyin Xue
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Weilan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingtian Ma
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Shigui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
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Li G, Zhang C, Zhang G, Fu W, Feng B, Chen T, Peng S, Tao L, Fu G. Abscisic Acid Negatively Modulates Heat Tolerance in Rolled Leaf Rice by Increasing Leaf Temperature and Regulating Energy Homeostasis. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:18. [PMID: 32170463 PMCID: PMC7070142 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abscisic acid (ABA) acts as a signaling hormone in plants against abiotic stress, but its function in energy homeostasis under heat stress is unclear. RESULTS Two rice genotypes, Nipponbare (wild-type, WT) with flat leaves and its mutant high temperature susceptibility (hts) plant with semi-rolled leaves, were subjected to heat stress. We found significantly higher tissue temperature, respiration rate, and ABA and H2O2 contents in leaves as well as a lower transpiration rate and stomatal conductance in hts than WT plants. Additionally, increased expression of HSP71.1 and HSP24.1 as well as greater increases in carbohydrate content, ATP, NAD (H), and dry matter weight, were detected in WT than hts plants under heat stress. More importantly, exogenous ABA significantly decreased heat tolerance of hts plants, but clearly enhanced heat resistance of WT plants. The increases in carbohydrates, ATP, NAD (H), and heat shock proteins in WT plants were enhanced by ABA under heat stress, whereas these increases were reduced in hts plants. CONCLUSION It was concluded that ABA is a negative regulator of heat tolerance in hts plants with semi-rolled leaves by modulating energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
- Crop Production and Physiology Center (CPPC), College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Weimeng Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Baohua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Tingting Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Shaobing Peng
- Crop Production and Physiology Center (CPPC), College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Longxing Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
| | - Guanfu Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang China
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Machine Learning Enables High-Throughput Phenotyping for Analyses of the Genetic Architecture of Bulliform Cell Patterning in Maize. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2019; 9:4235-4243. [PMID: 31645422 PMCID: PMC6893188 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bulliform cells comprise specialized cell types that develop on the adaxial (upper) surface of grass leaves, and are patterned to form linear rows along the proximodistal axis of the adult leaf blade. Bulliform cell patterning affects leaf angle and is presumed to function during leaf rolling, thereby reducing water loss during temperature extremes and drought. In this study, epidermal leaf impressions were collected from a genetically and anatomically diverse population of maize inbred lines. Subsequently, convolutional neural networks were employed to measure microscopic, bulliform cell-patterning phenotypes in high-throughput. A genome-wide association study, combined with RNAseq analyses of the bulliform cell ontogenic zone, identified candidate regulatory genes affecting bulliform cell column number and cell width. This study is the first to combine machine learning approaches, transcriptomics, and genomics to study bulliform cell patterning, and the first to utilize natural variation to investigate the genetic architecture of this microscopic trait. In addition, this study provides insight toward the improvement of macroscopic traits such as drought resistance and plant architecture in an agronomically important crop plant.
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CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Mutagenesis of Semi-Rolled Leaf1,2 Confers Curled Leaf Phenotype and Drought Tolerance by Influencing Protein Expression Patterns and ROS Scavenging in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9110728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Rice leaf morphology is an essential agronomic trait to develop drought-tolerant genotypes for adequate and stable crop production in drought-prone areas. Here, rolled leaf mutant plants were acquired by CRISPR/Cas9-based mutagenesis of Semi-rolled leaf1,2 (SRL1 and SRL2) genes, and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) based proteomic analysis was performed to analyze the subsequent proteomic regulation events. Homozygous mutants exhibit decreased chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, vascular bundles (VB), stomatal number, and agronomic traits with increased panicle number and bulliform cells (BCs). Under drought stress, mutant plants displayed lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content while higher survival rate, abscisic acid (ABA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and grain filling percentage compare with their wild type (WT). Proteomic results revealed that 270 proteins were significantly downregulated, and 107 proteins were upregulated in the mutant line compared with WT. Proteins related to lateral organ boundaries’ (LOB) domain (LBD) were downregulated, whereas abiotic stress-responsive proteins were upregulated in the CRISPR mutant. LBD proteins (Q5KQR7, Q6K713, Q7XGL4, Q8LQH4), probable indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase (Q60EJ6), putative auxin transporter-like protein 4 (Q53JG7), Monoculm 1 (Q84MM9) and AP2 (Apetala2) domain-containing protein (Q10A97) were found to be hub-proteins. The hybrids developed from mutant restorers showed a semi-rolled leaf phenotype with increased panicle number, grain number per panicle, and yield per plant. Our findings reveal the intrinsic value of genome editing and expand the knowledge about the network of proteins for leaf rolling and drought avoidance in rice.
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Gao L, Yang G, Li Y, Fan N, Li H, Zhang M, Xu R, Zhang M, Zhao A, Ni Z, Zhang Y. Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of a QTL associated with leaf rolling index on chromosome 4 of maize (Zea mays L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:3047-3062. [PMID: 31399756 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
One QTL qLRI4 controlling leaf rolling index on chromosome 4 was finely mapped, and ZmOCL5, a member of the HD-Zip class IV genes, is likely a candidate. Leaf rolling is an important agronomic trait related to plant architecture that can change the light condition and photosynthetic efficiency of the population. Here, we isolated one EMS-induced mutant in Chang7-2 background with extreme abaxial rolling leaf, named abrl1. Histological analysis showed that the increased number and area of bulliform cells may contribute to abaxial rolling leaf in abrl1. The F2 and F2:3 populations derived from Wu9086 with flat leaves and abrl1 were developed to map abrl1. Non-Mendelian segregation of phenotypic variation was observed in these populations and five genomic regions controlling the leaf rolling index (LRI) were identified, which could be due to the phenotypic difference between Chang7-2 and Wu9086. Moreover, one major QTL qLRI4 on chromosome 4 was further validated and finely mapped to a genetic interval between InDel13 and InDel10, with a physical distance of approximately 277 kb using NIL populations, among which one 602-bp insertion was identified in the promoter region of HD-Zip class IV gene Zm00001d049443 (named as ZmOCL5) of abrl1 compared with wild-type Chang7-2. Remarkably, the 602-bp InDel was associated with LRI in an F2 population developed by crossing abrl1 mutant and its wild-type. In addition, the 602-bp insertion increased ZmOCL5 promoter activity and expression. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that the 602-bp insertion was a rare mutation event. Taken together, we propose that the rolled leaf in the abrl1 mutant may be partially attributed to the 602-bp insertion, which may be an attractive target for the genetic improvement of LRI in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guanghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Nannan Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Maize Improvement Centre of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruibin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Dryland Agricultural Research Centre, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Aiju Zhao
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hebei Crop Genetic Breeding Laboratory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Plant Gene Research Centre, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yirong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- National Maize Improvement Centre of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Xiao Y, You S, Kong W, Tang Q, Bai W, Cai Y, Zheng H, Wang C, Jiang L, Wang C, Zhao Z, Wan J. A GARP transcription factor anther dehiscence defected 1 (OsADD1) regulates rice anther dehiscence. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 101:403-414. [PMID: 31420780 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Anther dehiscence, one of the essential steps in pollination and double fertilization, is regulated by a complex signaling pathway encompassing hormones and environmental factors. However, key components underlying the signaling pathway that regulate anther dehiscence remain largely elusive. Here, we isolated a rice mutant anther dehiscence defected 1 (Osadd1) that exhibited defects in anther dehiscence and glume open. Map-based cloning revealed that OsADD1 encoded a GARP (Golden2, ARR-B and Psr1) transcription factor. Sequence analysis showed that a single base deletion in Osadd1 mutant resulted in pre-termination of the GARP domain. OsADD1 was constitutively expressed in various tissues, with more abundance in the panicles. The major genes associated with anther dehiscence were affected in the Osadd1 mutant, and the expression level of the cellulose synthase-like D sub-family 4 (OsCSLD4) was significantly decreased. We demonstrate that OsADD1 regulated the expression of OsCSLD4 by binding to its promoter, and affects rice anther dehiscence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjia Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shimin You
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Weiyi Kong
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qianying Tang
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenting Bai
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yue Cai
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hai Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chaolong Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Mutations in the Rice OsCHR4 Gene, Encoding a CHD3 Family Chromatin Remodeler, Induce Narrow and Rolled Leaves with Increased Cuticular Wax. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102567. [PMID: 31130602 PMCID: PMC6566577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf blade width, curvature, and cuticular wax are important agronomic traits of rice. Here, we report the rice Oschr4-5 mutant characterized by pleiotropic phenotypes, including narrow and rolled leaves, enhanced cuticular wax deposition and reduced plant height and tiller number. The reduced leaf width is caused by a reduced number of longitudinal veins and increased auxin content. The cuticular wax content was significantly higher in the Oschr4-5 mutant, resulting in reduced water loss rate and enhanced drought tolerance. Molecular characterization reveals that a single-base deletion results in a frame-shift mutation from the second chromodomain of OsCHR4, a CHD3 (chromodomain helicase DNA-binding) family chromatin remodeler, in the Oschr4-5 mutant. Expressions of seven wax biosynthesis genes (GL1-4, WSL4, OsCER7, LACS2, LACS7, ROC4 and BDG) and four auxin biosynthesis genes (YUC2, YUC3, YUC5 and YUC6) was up-regulated in the Oschr4-5 mutant. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the transcriptionally active histone modification H3K4me3 was increased, whereas the repressive H3K27me3 was reduced in the upregulated genes in the Oschr4-5 mutant. Therefore, OsCHR4 regulates leaf morphogenesis and cuticle wax formation by epigenetic modulation of auxin and wax biosynthetic genes expression.
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Cal AJ, Sanciangco M, Rebolledo MC, Luquet D, Torres RO, McNally KL, Henry A. Leaf morphology, rather than plant water status, underlies genetic variation of rice leaf rolling under drought. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:1532-1544. [PMID: 30620079 PMCID: PMC6487826 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soil drying causes leaf rolling in rice, but the relationship between leaf rolling and drought tolerance has historically confounded selection of drought-tolerant genotypes. In this study on tropical japonica and aus diversity panels (170-220 genotypes), the degree of leaf rolling under drought was more affected by leaf morphology than by stomatal conductance, leaf water status, or maintenance of shoot biomass and grain yield. A range of canopy temperature and leaf rolling (measured as change in normalized difference vegetation index [ΔNDVI]) combinations were observed among aus genotypes, indicating that some genotypes continued transpiration while rolled. Association mapping indicated colocation of genomic regions for leaf rolling score and ΔNDVI under drought with previously reported leaf rolling genes and gene networks related to leaf anatomy. The relatively subtle variation across these large diversity panels may explain the lack of agreement of this study with earlier reports that used small numbers of genotypes that were highly divergent in hydraulic traits driving leaf rolling differences. This study highlights the large range of physiological responses to drought among rice genotypes and emphasizes that drought response processes should be understood in detail before incorporating them into a varietal selection programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Cal
- Strategic Innovation PlatformInternational Rice Research InstituteMetro Manila1301Philippines
| | - Millicent Sanciangco
- Strategic Innovation PlatformInternational Rice Research InstituteMetro Manila1301Philippines
| | - Maria Camila Rebolledo
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgroMontpellierFrance
- AgrobiodiversityInternational Center for Tropical AgricultureCaliAA6713Colombia
| | - Delphine Luquet
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Rolando O. Torres
- Strategic Innovation PlatformInternational Rice Research InstituteMetro Manila1301Philippines
| | - Kenneth L. McNally
- Strategic Innovation PlatformInternational Rice Research InstituteMetro Manila1301Philippines
| | - Amelia Henry
- Strategic Innovation PlatformInternational Rice Research InstituteMetro Manila1301Philippines
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Fu X, Xu J, Zhou M, Chen M, Shen L, Li T, Zhu Y, Wang J, Hu J, Zhu L, Gao Z, Dong G, Guo L, Ren D, Chen G, Lin J, Qian Q, Zhang G. Enhanced Expression of QTL qLL9/DEP1 Facilitates the Improvement of Leaf Morphology and Grain Yield in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E866. [PMID: 30781568 PMCID: PMC6412340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In molecular breeding of super rice, it is essential to isolate the best quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genes of leaf shape and explore yield potential using large germplasm collections and genetic populations. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was used, which was derived from a cross between the following parental lines: hybrid rice Chunyou84, that is, japonica maintainer line Chunjiang16B (CJ16); and indica restorer line Chunhui 84 (C84) with remarkable leaf morphological differences. QTLs mapping of leaf shape traits was analyzed at the heading stage under different environmental conditions in Hainan (HN) and Hangzhou (HZ). A major QTL qLL9 for leaf length was detected and its function was studied using a population derived from a single residual heterozygote (RH), which was identified in the original population. qLL9 was delimitated to a 16.17 kb region flanked by molecular markers C-1640 and C-1642, which contained three open reading frames (ORFs). We found that the candidate gene for qLL9 is allelic to DEP1 using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), sequence comparison, and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated Cas9 nuclease (CRISPR/Cas9) genome editing techniques. To identify the effect of qLL9 on yield, leaf shape and grain traits were measured in near isogenic lines (NILs) NIL-qLL9CJ16 and NIL-qLL9C84, as well as a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) CSSL-qLL9KASA with a Kasalath introgressed segment covering qLL9 in the Wuyunjing (WYJ) 7 backgrounds. Our results showed that the flag leaf lengths of NIL-qLL9C84 and CSSL-qLL9KASA were significantly different from those of NIL-qLL9CJ16 and WYJ 7, respectively. Compared with NIL-qLL9CJ16, the spike length, grain size, and thousand-grain weight of NIL-qLL9C84 were significantly higher, resulting in a significant increase in yield of 15.08%. Exploring and pyramiding beneficial genes resembling qLL9C84 for super rice breeding could increase both the source (e.g., leaf length and leaf area) and the sink (e.g., yield traits). This study provides a foundation for future investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the source⁻sink balance and high-yield potential of rice, benefiting high-yield molecular design breeding for global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Mengyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Minmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Yuchen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Jiajia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Jianrong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Cui X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Wu J, Han X, Gu X, Lu T. TWI1 regulates cell-to-cell movement of OSH15 to control leaf cell fate. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:326-340. [PMID: 30151833 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell pattern formation in plant leaves has attracted much attention from both plant biologists and breeders. However, in rice, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we describe the isolation and functional characterization of TWISTED-LEAF1 (TWI1), a critical gene involved in the development of the mestome sheath, vascular bundle sheath, interveinal mesophyll and sclerenchyma in rice leaves. Mutant twi1 plants have twisted leaves which might be caused by the compromised development and disordered patterning of bundle sheath, sclerenchyma and interveinal mesophyll cells. Expression of TWI1 can functionally rescue these mutant phenotypes. TWI1 encodes a transcription factor binding protein that interacts with OSH15, a class I KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) transcription factor. The cell-to-cell trafficking of OSH15 is restricted through its interaction with TWI1. Knockout or knockdown of OSH15 in twi1 rescues the twisted leaf phenotype. These studies reveal a key factor controlling cell pattern formation in rice leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuean Cui
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinxia Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaofeng Gu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tiegang Lu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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41
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He P, Wang X, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Tian W, Zhang X, Li Y, Sun Y, Xie J, Ni J, He G, Sang X. Short and narrow flag leaf1, a GATA zinc finger domain-containing protein, regulates flag leaf size in rice (Oryza sativa). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:273. [PMID: 30413183 PMCID: PMC6230254 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The flag leaf of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important determinant of plant type characteristics and grain yield. Identification of flag leaf mutants of rice is crucial to elucidate the molecular mechanism of flag-leaf development, and for exploitation of rice germplasm resources. RESULTS In this study, we describe a mutant designated short and narrow flag leaf 1 (snfl1). Histological analysis showed that the length of epidermal cells and number of longitudinal veins were decreased in the flag leaf of the snfl1 mutant. Map-based cloning indicated that a member of the GATA family of transcription factors is a candidate gene for SNFL1. A single-nucleotide transition at the last base in the single intron of snfl1 led to variation in alternative splicing and early termination of translation. Complemented transgenic plants harbouring the candidate SNFL1 gene rescued the snfl1 mutant. Analysis of RT-PCR and the SNFL1 promoter by means of a GUS fusion expression assay showed that abundance of SNFL1 transcripts was higher in the culm, leaf sheath, and root. Expression of the SNFL1-GFP fusion protein in rice protoplasts showed that SNFL1 was localized in nucleus. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that SNFL1 is an important regulator of leaf development, the identification of which might have important implications for future research on GATA transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilong He
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yudong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Institute of Rice and Sorghum, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Weijiang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Xie
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jile Ni
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanghua He
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xianchun Sang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Liang J, Guo S, Sun B, Liu Q, Chen X, Peng H, Zhang Z, Xie Q. Constitutive expression of REL1 confers the rice response to drought stress and abscisic acid. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:59. [PMID: 30361842 PMCID: PMC6202306 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaf rolling is one of the most significant symptoms of drought stress in plant. Previously, we identified a dominant negative mutant, termed rolled and erect 1 (hereafter referred to rel1-D), regulating leaf rolling and erectness in rice. However, the role of REL1 in drought response is still poorly understood. Here, our results indicated that rel1-D displayed higher tolerance to drought relative to wild type, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and drought responsive genes were significantly up-regulated in rel1-D. Moreover, our results revealed that rel1-D was hypersensitive to ABA and the expression of ABA associated genes was significantly increased in rel1-D, suggesting that REL1 likely coordinates ABA to regulate drought response. Using the RNA-seq approach, we identified a large group of differentially expressed genes that regulate stimuli and stresses response. Consistently, we also found that constitutive expression of REL1 alters the expression of biotic and abiotic stress responsive genes by the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) analysis. Integrative analysis demonstrated that 8 genes/proteins identified by both RNA-seq and iTRAQ would be the potential targets in term of the REL1-mediated leaf morphology. Together, we proposed that leaf rolling and drought tolerance of rel1-D under normal condition might be caused by the endogenously perturbed homeostasis derived from continuous stressful dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaoying Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xionghui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Haifeng Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zemin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Qingjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Xu P, Ali A, Han B, Wu X. Current Advances in Molecular Basis and Mechanisms Regulating Leaf Morphology in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1528. [PMID: 30405666 PMCID: PMC6206276 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Yield is majorly affected by photosynthetic efficiency. Leaves are essential structure for photosynthesis and their morphology especially size and shape in a plant canopy can affect the rate of transpiration, carbon fixation and photosynthesis. Leaf rolling and size are considered key agronomic traits in plant architecture that can subsidize yield parameters. In last era, a number of genes controlling leaf morphology have been molecularly characterized. Despite of several findings, our understanding toward molecular mechanism of leaf rolling and size are under-developed. Here, we proposed a model to apprehend the physiological basis of different genes organized in a complex fashion and govern the final phenotype of leaf morphology. According to this leaf rolling is mainly controlled by regulation of bulliform cells by SRL1, ROC5, OsRRK1, SLL2, CLD1, OsZHD1/2, and NRL1, structure and processes of sclerenchyma cells by SLL1 and SRL2, leaf polarity by ADL1, RFS and cuticle formation by CFL1, and CLD1. Many of above mentioned and several other genes interact in a complex manner in order to sustain cellular integrity and homeostasis for optimum leaf rolling. While, leaf size is synchronized by multifarious interaction of PLA1, PLA2, OsGASR1, and OsEXPA8 in cell division, NAL1, NAL9, NRL1, NRL2 in regulation of number of veins, OsCOW1, OsPIN1, OsARF19, OsOFP2, D1 and GID in regulation of phytohormones and HDT702 in epigenetic aspects. In this review, we curtailed recent advances engrossing regulation and functions of those genes that directly or indirectly can distress leaf rolling or size by encoding different types of proteins and genic expression. Moreover, this effort could be used further to develop comprehensive learning and directing our molecular breeding of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhou Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Asif Ali
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Baolin Han
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianjun Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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Myśków B, Góralska M, Lenarczyk N, Czyczyło-Mysza I, Stojałowski S. Putative candidate genes responsible for leaf rolling in rye (Secale cereale L.). BMC Genet 2018; 19:57. [PMID: 30092756 PMCID: PMC6085706 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rolling of leaves (RL) is a phenomenon commonly found in grasses. Morphology of the leaf is an important agronomic trait in field crops especially in rice; therefore, majority of the rice breeders are interested in RL. There are only few studies with respect to RL of wheat and barley; however, the information regarding the genetic base of RL with respect to the shape of leaf in rye is lacking. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the localization of loci controlling RL on high density consensus genetic map of rye. RESULTS Genotypic analysis led to the identification of 43 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for RL, grouped into 28 intervals, which confirms the multigenic base of the trait stated for wheat and rice. Four stable QTLs were located on chromosomes 3R, 5R, and 7R. Co-localization of QTL for RL and for different morphological, biochemical and physiological traits may suggests pleiotropic effects of some QTLs. QTLs for RL were associated with QTLs for such morphological traits as: grain number and weight, spike number per plant, compactness of spike, and plant height. Two QTLs for RL were found to coincide with QTLs for drought tolerance (4R, 7R), two with QTLs for heading earliness (2R, 7R), one with α-amylase activity QTL (7R) and three for pre-harvest sprouting QTL (1R, 4R, 7R). The set of molecular markers strongly linked to RL was selected, and the putative candidate genes controlling the process of RL were identified. Twelve QTLs are considered as linked to candidate genes on the base of DArT sequences alignment, which is a new information for rye. CONCLUSIONS Our results expand the knowledge about the network of QTLs for different morphological, biochemical and physiological traits and can be a starting point to studies on particular genes controlling RL and other important agronomic traits (yield, earliness, pre-harvest sprouting, reaction to water deficit) and to appoint markers useful in marker assisted selection (MAS). A better knowledge of the rye genome and genes could both facilitate rye improvement itself and increase the efficiency of utilizing rye genes in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Myśków
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West-Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, ul. Słowackiego 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Góralska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West-Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, ul. Słowackiego 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Lenarczyk
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West-Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, ul. Słowackiego 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ilona Czyczyło-Mysza
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Science, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Cracow, Poland
| | - Stefan Stojałowski
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West-Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, ul. Słowackiego 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
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Chandran AKN, Bhatnagar N, Yoo YH, Moon S, Park SA, Hong WJ, Kim BG, An G, Jung KH. Meta-expression analysis of unannotated genes in rice and approaches for network construction to suggest the probable roles. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:17-34. [PMID: 29086189 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work suggests 2020 potential candidates in rice for the functional annotation of unannotated genes using meta-analysis of anatomical samples derived from microarray and RNA-seq technologies and this information will be useful to identify novel morphological agronomic traits. Although the genome of rice (Oryza sativa) has been sequenced, 14,365 genes are considered unannotated because they lack putative annotation information. According to the Rice Genome Annotation Project Database ( http://rice.plantbiology.msu.edu/ ), the proportion of functionally characterized unannotated genes (0.35%) is quite limited when compared with the approximately 3.9% of annotated genes with assigned putative functions. Researchers require additional information to help them investigate the molecular mechanisms associated with those unannotated genes. To determine which of them might regulate morphological or physiological traits in the rice genome, we conducted a meta-analysis of expression data that covered a wide range of tissue/organ samples. Overall, 2020 genes showed cultivar-, tissue-, or organ-preferential patterns of expression. Representative candidates from featured groups were validated by RT-PCR, and the GUS reporter system was used to validate the expression of genes that were clustered according to their leaf or root preference. Taking a molecular and genetics approach, we examined meta-expression data and found that 127 genes were differentially expressed between japonica and indica rice cultivars. This is potentially significant for future agronomic applications. We also used a T-DNA insertional mutant and performed a co-expression network analysis of Sword shape dwarf1 (SSD1), a gene that regulates cell division. This network was refined via RT-PCR analysis. Our results suggested that SSD1 represses the expression of four genes related to the processes of DNA replication or cell division and provides insight into possible molecular mechanisms. Together, these strategies present a valuable tool for in-depth characterization of currently unannotated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Nalini Chandran
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Nikita Bhatnagar
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo-Han Yoo
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunok Moon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ah Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jong Hong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Gynheung An
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Li WQ, Zhang MJ, Gan PF, Qiao L, Yang SQ, Miao H, Wang GF, Zhang MM, Liu WT, Li HF, Shi CH, Chen KM. CLD1/SRL1 modulates leaf rolling by affecting cell wall formation, epidermis integrity and water homeostasis in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 92:904-923. [PMID: 28960566 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Leaf rolling is considered as one of the most important agronomic traits in rice breeding. It has been previously reported that SEMI-ROLLED LEAF 1 (SRL1) modulates leaf rolling by regulating the formation of bulliform cells in rice (Oryza sativa); however, the regulatory mechanism underlying SRL1 has yet to be further elucidated. Here, we report the functional characterization of a novel leaf-rolling mutant, curled leaf and dwarf 1 (cld1), with multiple morphological defects. Map-based cloning revealed that CLD1 is allelic with SRL1, and loses function in cld1 through DNA methylation. CLD1/SRL1 encodes a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein that modulates leaf rolling and other aspects of rice growth and development. The cld1 mutant exhibits significant decreases in cellulose and lignin contents in secondary cell walls of leaves, indicating that the loss of function of CLD1/SRL1 affects cell wall formation. Furthermore, the loss of CLD1/SRL1 function leads to defective leaf epidermis such as bulliform-like epidermal cells. The defects in leaf epidermis decrease the water-retaining capacity and lead to water deficits in cld1 leaves, which contribute to the main cause of leaf rolling. As a result of the more rapid water loss and lower water content in leaves, cld1 exhibits reduced drought tolerance. Accordingly, the loss of CLD1/SRL1 function causes abnormal expression of genes and proteins associated with cell wall formation, cuticle development and water stress. Taken together, these findings suggest that the functional roles of CLD1/SRL1 in leaf-rolling regulation are closely related to the maintenance of cell wall formation, epidermal integrity and water homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min-Juan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng-Fei Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuai-Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mao-Mao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chun-Hai Shi
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Zhu Q, Yu S, Chen G, Ke L, Pan D. Analysis of the differential gene and protein expression profile of the rolled leaf mutant of transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181378. [PMID: 28723953 PMCID: PMC5517006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of leaf rolling in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been widely recognized. Although several studies have investigated rice leaf rolling and identified some related genes, knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying rice leaf rolling, especially outward leaf rolling, is limited. Therefore, in this study, differential proteomics and gene expression profiling were used to analyze rolled leaf mutant of transgenic rice in order to investigate differentially expressed genes and proteins related to rice leaf rolling. To this end, 28 differentially expressed proteins related to rolling leaf traits were isolated and identified. Digital expression profiling detected 10 genes related to rice leaf rolling. Some of the proteins and genes detected are involved in lipid metabolism, which is related to the development of bulliform cells, such as phosphoinositide phospholipase C, Mgll gene, and At4g26790 gene. The “omics”-level techniques were useful for simultaneously isolating several proteins and genes related to rice leaf rolling. In addition, the results of the analysis of differentially expressed proteins and genes were closely consistent with those from a corresponding functional analysis of cellular mechanisms; our study findings might form the basis for further research on the molecular mechanisms underlying rice leaf rolling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqiang Zhu
- Department of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuguang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guanshui Chen
- Department of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Ke
- Department of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Daren Pan
- Department of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Ma Y, Zhao Y, Shangguan X, Shi S, Zeng Y, Wu Y, Chen R, You A, Zhu L, Du B, He G. Overexpression of OsRRK1 Changes Leaf Morphology and Defense to Insect in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1783. [PMID: 29114253 PMCID: PMC5660730 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) regulate many biological processes in plants, but only a few members have been functionally characterized. Here, we isolated a rice gene encoding AtRRK1 homology protein kinase, OsRRK1, which belongs to the RLCK VI subfamily. OsRRK1 transcript accumulated in many tissues at low to moderate levels and at high levels in leaves. Overexpression of OsRRK1 (OE-OsRRK1) caused adaxial rolling and erect morphology of rice leaves. In the rolled leaves of OE-OsRRK1 plants, both the number and the size of the bulliform cells are decreased compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. Moreover, the height, tiller number, and seed setting rate were reduced in OE-OsRRK1 plants. In addition, the brown planthopper (BPH), a devastating pest of rice, preferred to settle on WT plants than on the OE-OsRRK1 plants in a two-host choice test, indicating that OE-OsRRK1 conferred an antixenosis resistance to BPH. The analysis of transcriptome sequencing demonstrated that several receptor kinases and transcription factors were differentially expressed in OE-OsRRK1 plants and WT plants. These results indicated that OsRRK1 may play multiple roles in the development and defense of rice, which may facilitate the breeding of novel rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaojie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aiqing You
- Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Guangcun He, Bo Du,
| | - Guangcun He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Guangcun He, Bo Du,
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Yu X, Jiang L, Wu R, Meng X, Zhang A, Li N, Xia Q, Qi X, Pang J, Xu ZY, Liu B. The Core Subunit of A Chromatin-Remodeling Complex, ZmCHB101, Plays Essential Roles in Maize Growth and Development. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38504. [PMID: 27917953 PMCID: PMC5137073 DOI: 10.1038/srep38504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes play essential roles in the regulation of diverse biological processes by formulating a DNA template that is accessible to the general transcription apparatus. Although the function of chromatin remodelers in plant development has been studied in A. thaliana, how it affects growth and development of major crops (e.g., maize) remains uninvestigated. Combining genetic, genomic and bioinformatic analyses, we show here that the maize core subunit of chromatin remodeling complex, ZmCHB101, plays essential roles in growth and development of maize at both vegetative and reproductive stages. Independent ZmCHB101 RNA interference plant lines displayed abaxially curling leaf phenotype due to increase of bulliform cell numbers, and showed impaired development of tassel and cob. RNA-seq-based transcriptome profiling revealed that ZmCHB101 dictated transcriptional reprogramming of a significant set of genes involved in plant development, photosynthesis, metabolic regulation, stress response and gene expressional regulation. Intriguingly, we found that ZmCHB101 was required for maintaining normal nucleosome density and 45 S rDNA compaction. Our findings suggest that the SWI3 protein, ZmCHB101, plays pivotal roles in maize normal growth and development via regulation of chromatin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China.,School of Bioengineering, Jilin College of Agricultural Science &Technology, Jilin 132301, P. R. China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xinchao Meng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Pang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
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50
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Yang SQ, Li WQ, Miao H, Gan PF, Qiao L, Chang YL, Shi CH, Chen KM. REL2, A Gene Encoding An Unknown Function Protein which Contains DUF630 and DUF632 Domains Controls Leaf Rolling in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 9:37. [PMID: 27473144 PMCID: PMC4967057 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-016-0105-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice leaves are important energy source for the whole plant. An optimal structure will be beneficial for rice leaves to capture light energy and exchange gas, thus increasing the yield of rice. Moderate leaf rolling and relatively erect plant architecture may contribute to high yield of rice, but the relevant molecular mechanism remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, we identified and characterized a rolling and erect leaf mutant in rice and named it as rel2. Histological analysis showed that the rel2 mutant has increased number of bulliform cells and reduced size of middle bulliform cells. We firstly mapped REL2 to a 35-kb physical region of chromosome 10 by map-based cloning strategy. Further analysis revealed that REL2 encodes a protein containing DUF630 and DUF632 domains. In rel2 mutant, the mutation of two nucleotide substitutions in DUF630 domain led to the loss-of-function of REL2 locus and the function of REL2 could be confirmed by complementary expression of REL2 in rel2 mutant. Further studies showed that REL2 protein is mainly distributed along the plasma membrane of cells and the REL2 gene is relatively higher expressed in younger leaves of rice. The results from quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that REL2 functioning in the leaf shape formation might have functional linkage with many genes associated with the bulliform cells development, auxin synthesis and transport, etc. CONCLUSIONS REL2 is the DUF domains contained protein which involves in the control of leaf rolling in rice. It is the plasma membrane localization and its functions in the control of leaf morphology might involve in multiple biological processes such as bulliform cell development and auxin synthesis and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Li Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hai Shi
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
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