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Wang Y, Zhang X, Zheng H, Zhou Z, Li S, Jiang J, Li M, Fu B. Remineralization of Dentin with Cerium Oxide and Its Potential Use for Root Canal Disinfection. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 19:1-17. [PMID: 38179219 PMCID: PMC10763684 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s441060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was to investigate a novel antibacterial biomimetic mineralization strategy for exploring its potential application for root canal disinfection when stabilized cerium oxide was used. Material and Methods A biomimetic mineralization solution (BMS) consisting of cerium nitrate and dextran was prepared. Single-layer collagen fibrils, collagen membranes, demineralized dentin, and root canal system were treated with the BMS for mineralization. The mineralized samples underwent comprehensive characterization using various techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and micro-CT. Additionally, the antimicrobial properties of the BMS and the remineralized dentin were also analyzed with broth microdilution method, live/dead staining, and SEM. Results Cerium ions in the BMS underwent a transformation into cerium oxide nanoparticles, which were deposited in the inter- and intra-fibrillar collagen spaces through a meticulous bottom-up process. XPS analysis disclosed the presence of both Ce (III) and Ce (IV) of the generated cerium oxides. A comprehensive examination utilizing SEM and micro-CT identified the presence of cerium oxide nanoparticles deposited within the dentinal tubules and lateral canals of the root canal system. The BMS and remineralized dentin exhibited substantial antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis, as substantiated by assessments involving the broth dilution method and live/dead staining technique. The SEM findings revealed the cell morphological changes of deceased E. faecalis. Conclusion This study successfully demonstrated antibacterial biomimetic mineralization as well as sealing dentinal tubules and lateral branches of root canals using cerium nitrate and dextran. This novel biomimetic mineralization could be used as an alternative strategy for root canal disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlin Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihuai Zhou
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jimin Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baiping Fu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Hadrup N, Sahlgren N, Jacobsen NR, Saber AT, Hougaard KS, Vogel U, Jensen KA. Toxicity dose descriptors from animal inhalation studies of 13 nanomaterials and their bulk and ionic counterparts and variation with primary particle characteristics. Nanotoxicology 2023:1-34. [PMID: 37300873 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2023.2221728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study collects toxicity data from animal inhalation studies of some nanomaterials and their bulk and ionic counterparts. To allow potential grouping and interpretations, we retrieved the primary physicochemical and exposure data to the extent possible for each of the materials. Reviewed materials are compounds (mainly elements, oxides and salts) of carbon (carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene), silver, cerium, cobalt, copper, iron, nickel, silicium (amorphous silica and quartz), titanium (titanium dioxide), and zinc (chemical symbols: Ag, C, Ce, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Si, Ti, TiO2, and Zn). Collected endpoints are: a) pulmonary inflammation, measured as neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid at 0-24 hours after last exposure; and b) genotoxicity/carcinogenicity. We present the dose descriptors no-observed-adverse-effect concentrations (NOAECs) and lowest-observed-adverse-effect concentrations (LOAECs) for 88 nanomaterial investigations in data-library and graph formats. We also calculate 'the value where 25% of exposed animals develop tumors' (T25) for carcinogenicity studies. We describe how the data may be used for hazard assessment of the materials using carbon black as an example. The collected data also enable hazard comparison between different materials. An important observation for poorly soluble particles is that the NOAEC for neutrophil numbers in general lies around 1 to 2 mg/m3. We further discuss why some materials' dose descriptors deviate from this level, likely reflecting the effects of the ionic form and effects of the fiber-shape. Finally, we discuss that long-term studies, in general, provide the lowest dose descriptors, and dose descriptors are positively correlated with particle size for near-spherical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research group for risk-benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Sahlgren
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne T Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Keld A Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
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Landsiedel R, Honarvar N, Seiffert SB, Oesch B, Oesch F. Genotoxicity testing of nanomaterials. WIRES NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1833. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Landsiedel
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology BASF SE Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
- Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Free University of Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Naveed Honarvar
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology BASF SE Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
| | | | - Barbara Oesch
- Oesch‐Tox Toxicological Consulting and Expert Opinions, GmbH & Co KG Ingelheim Germany
| | - Franz Oesch
- Oesch‐Tox Toxicological Consulting and Expert Opinions, GmbH & Co KG Ingelheim Germany
- Institute of Toxicology Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany
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Hazard Assessment of Benchmark Metal-Based Nanomaterials Through a Set of In Vitro Genotoxicity Assays. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1357:351-375. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-88071-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rozhin P, Melchionna M, Fornasiero P, Marchesan S. Nanostructured Ceria: Biomolecular Templates and (Bio)applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2259. [PMID: 34578575 PMCID: PMC8467784 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ceria (CeO2) nanostructures are well-known in catalysis for energy and environmental preservation and remediation. Recently, they have also been gaining momentum for biological applications in virtue of their unique redox properties that make them antioxidant or pro-oxidant, depending on the experimental conditions and ceria nanomorphology. In particular, interest has grown in the use of biotemplates to exert control over ceria morphology and reactivity. However, only a handful of reports exist on the use of specific biomolecules to template ceria nucleation and growth into defined nanostructures. This review focusses on the latest advancements in the area of biomolecular templates for ceria nanostructures and existing opportunities for their (bio)applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Rozhin
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (P.R.); (P.F.)
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (P.R.); (P.F.)
- Unit of Trieste, INSTM, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (P.R.); (P.F.)
- Unit of Trieste, INSTM, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR), 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (P.R.); (P.F.)
- Unit of Trieste, INSTM, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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Cordelli E, Bignami M, Pacchierotti F. Comet assay: a versatile but complex tool in genotoxicity testing. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:68-78. [PMID: 33613974 PMCID: PMC7885189 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is a versatile method for measuring DNA strand breaks in individual cells. It can also be applied to cells isolated from treated animals. In this review, we highlight advantages and limitations of this in vivo comet assay in a regulatory context. Modified versions of the standard protocol detect oxidized DNA bases and may be used to reveal sites of DNA base loss, DNA interstrand crosslinks, and the extent of DNA damage induced indirectly by reactive oxygen species elicited by chemical-induced oxidative stress. The assay is, however, at best semi-quantitative, and we discuss possible approaches to improving DNA damage quantitation and highlight the necessity of optimizing protocol standardization to enhance the comparability of results between laboratories. As a genotoxicity test in vivo, the in vivo comet assay has the advantage over the better established micronucleus erythrocyte test that it can be applied to any organ, including those that are specific targets of chemical carcinogens or those that are the first sites of contact of ingested or inhaled mutagens. We illustrate this by examples of its use in risk assessment for the food contaminants ochratoxin and furan. We suggest that improved quantitation is required to reveal the full potential of the comet assay and enhance its role in the battery of in vivo approaches to characterize the mechanisms of toxicity and carcinogenicity of chemicals and to aid the determination of safe human exposure limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Cordelli
- Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, Health Protection Technology Division, ENEA, CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, Rome 00123, Italy
| | - Margherita Bignami
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Francesca Pacchierotti
- Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, Health Protection Technology Division, ENEA, CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, Rome 00123, Italy
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David M, Turi N, Ain QU, Rahman H, Jahan S. Evaluation of environmental effects of heavy metals on biochemical profile and oxidative stress among children at brick kiln sites. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 76:441-449. [PMID: 34027827 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1854645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to study the health risks among children living at brick kiln industries. A survey was conducted, questionnaires were filled out, and demographic data was collected from Punjab, Pakistan. Heavy metals burden and BMI were calculated, hematological and enzyme analysis, comet assay and hormonal ELISA were performed. The results showed decreased BMI, RBC count and hematocrit in the exposed group. Nickel, cadmium, zinc and chromium concentrations in whole blood were detected among exposed children. Antioxidant enzymes and growth hormone concentration decreased, while reactive oxygen species and cortisol level increased in the exposed group. The comet assay findings showed decreased percentage DNA in the head and increased in the tail region among exposed group. It was concluded that children living at brick kiln sites experienced decreased BMI, altered antioxidant enzymes status and hormone levels and cellular DNA damage that pose a major threat on child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish David
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Turi
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qurat-Ul Ain
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Rahman
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Cao Y, Wang T, Xi J, Zhang G, Wang T, Liu W, You X, Zhang X, Xia Z, Luan Y. PIG-A gene mutation as a genotoxicity biomarker in human population studies: An investigation in lead-exposed workers. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:611-621. [PMID: 32285465 DOI: 10.1002/em.22373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The rodent Pig-a gene mutation assay has demonstrated remarkable sensitivity in identifying in vivo mutagens, while much less is known about the value of the human PIG-A assay for risk assessment. To obtain more evidence of its potential as a predictive biomarker for carcinogen exposure, we investigated PIG-A mutant frequencies (MFs), along with performing the Comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test, in 267 workers occupationally exposed to lead. Multivariate Poisson regression showed that total red blood cell PIG-A MFs were significantly higher in lead-exposed workers (10.90 ± 10.7 × 10-6 ) than in a general population that we studied previously (5.25 ± 3.6 × 10-6 ) (p < .0001). In contrast, there was no increase in lymphocyte MN frequency or in DNA damage as measured by percentage comet tail intensity in whole blood cells. Current year worker blood lead levels (BLL), an exposure biomarker, were elevated (232.6 ± 104.6 μg/L, median: 225.4 μg/L); a cumulative blood lead index (CBLI) also was calculated based on a combination of current and historical worker BLL data. Chi-square testing indicated that PIG-A MFs were significantly related to CBLI (p = .0249), but independent of current year BLL (p = .4276). However, % comet tail intensity and MN frequencies were better associated with current year BLL than CBLI. This study indicates that the PIG-A assay could serve as biomarker to detect the genotoxic effects of lead exposure and demonstrates that a battery of genotoxicity biomarkers having mechanistic complementarity may be useful for comprehensively monitoring human carcinogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Cao
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tuanwei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xi
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Tongshuai Wang
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiying Liu
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue You
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - XinYu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaolin Xia
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Luan
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Casals E, Zeng M, Parra-Robert M, Fernández-Varo G, Morales-Ruiz M, Jiménez W, Puntes V, Casals G. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Advances in Biodistribution, Toxicity, and Preclinical Exploration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907322. [PMID: 32329572 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant nanoparticles have recently gained tremendous attention for their enormous potential in biomedicine. However, discrepant reports of either medical benefits or toxicity, and lack of reproducibility of many studies, generate uncertainties delaying their effective implementation. Herein, the case of cerium oxide is considered, a well-known catalyst in the petrochemistry industry and one of the first antioxidant nanoparticles proposed for medicine. Like other nanoparticles, it is now described as a promising therapeutic alternative, now as threatening to health. Sources of these discrepancies and how this analysis helps to overcome contradictions found for other nanoparticles are summarized and discussed. For the context of this analysis, what has been reported in the liver is reviewed, where many diseases are related to oxidative stress. Since well-dispersed nanoparticles passively accumulate in liver, it represents a major testing field for the study of new nanomedicines and their clinical translation. Even more, many contradictory works have reported in liver either cerium-oxide-associated toxicity or protection against oxidative stress and inflammation. Based on this, finally, the intention is to propose solutions to design improved nanoparticles that will work more precisely in medicine and safely in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eudald Casals
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Muling Zeng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Marina Parra-Robert
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Varo
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Departament of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales-Ruiz
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Departament of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Working Group for the Biochemical Assessment of Hepatic Disease-SEQC ML, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Wladimiro Jiménez
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Departament of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Víctor Puntes
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Gregori Casals
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Working Group for the Biochemical Assessment of Hepatic Disease-SEQC ML, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
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Molina RM, Konduru NV, Queiroz PM, Figueroa B, Fu D, Ma-Hock L, Groeters S, Schaudien D, Brain JD. Fate of Barium Sulfate Nanoparticles Deposited in the Lungs of Rats. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8163. [PMID: 31160608 PMCID: PMC6546789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown that barium [from BaSO4 nanoparticles (NPs)] was cleared from the lungs faster than other poorly soluble NPs and translocated mostly to bone. We now studied barium biokinetics in rats during Study 1: two-year inhalation exposure to 50 mg/m3 BaSO4 NP aerosols, and Study 2: single intratracheal (IT) instillation of increasing doses of BaSO4 NPs or BaCl2. Study 1 showed that lung barium content measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry increased during 360 days of BaSO4 NP aerosol exposures. An equilibrium was established from that time until 2 years. Barium concentrations in BaSO4-exposed animals were in the order (lungs > lymph nodes > hard bone > bone marrow > liver). In Study 2, there was an increase in lung barium post-IT instillation of BaSO4 NPs while barium from BaCl2 was mostly cleared by day 28. Transmission electron microscopy showed intact BaSO4 NPs in alveolar macrophages and type II epithelial cells, and in tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy, specific BaSO4 Raman spectra were detected in BaSO4 NP-instilled lungs and not in other organs. Thus, we posit that barium from BaSO4 NPs translocates from the lungs mainly after dissolution. Barium ions are then incorporated mostly into the bone and other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon M Molina
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Nagarjun V Konduru
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Priscila M Queiroz
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 36 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 36 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lan Ma-Hock
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joseph D Brain
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Schulte PA, Leso V, Niang M, Iavicoli I. Current state of knowledge on the health effects of engineered nanomaterials in workers: a systematic review of human studies and epidemiological investigations. Scand J Work Environ Health 2019; 45:217-238. [PMID: 30653633 PMCID: PMC6494687 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The widespread application of nano-enabled products and the increasing likelihood for workplace exposures make understanding engineered nanomaterial (ENM) effects in exposed workers a public and occupational health priority. The aim of this study was to report on the current state of knowledge on possible adverse effects induced by ENM in humans to determine the toxicological profile of each type of ENM and potential biomarkers for early detection of such effects in workers. Methods A systematic review of human studies and epidemiological investigations of exposed workers relative to the possible adverse effects for the most widely used ENM was performed through searches of major scientific databases including Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Results Twenty-seven studies were identified. Most of the epidemiological investigations were cross-sectional. The review found limited evidence of adverse effects in workers exposed to the most commonly used ENM. However, some biological alterations are suggestive for possible adverse impacts. The primary targets of some ENM exposures were the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Changes in biomarker levels compared with controls were also observed; however, limited exposure data and the relatively short period since the first exposure may have influenced the incidence of adverse effects found in epidemiological studies. Conclusions There is a need for longitudinal epidemiologic investigations with clear exposure characterizations for various ENM to discover potential adverse health effects and identify possible indicators of early biological alterations. In this state of uncertainty, precautionary controls for each ENM are warranted while further study of potential health effects continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Schulte
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1150 Tusculum Avenue, MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
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12
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Liman R, Acikbas Y, Ciğerci İH. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cerium oxide micro and nanoparticles by Allium and Comet tests. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:408-414. [PMID: 30399539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO2) is extensively used in a range of applications like in television tubes, glass/ceramic polishing agent, fuel cells, solar cells, gas sensor andultraviolet absorbents. In current study, Allium ana-telophase and comet assays were employed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of CeO2 microparticles (CMPs, <5 µm, bulk) and CeO2 nanoparticles (CNPs, < 25 nm) on the root meristem cells of Allium cepa by using mitotic phases, mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CAs), and DNA damage. A cepa roots were treated with the CMPs and CNPs at four different concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 ppm) for 4 h. Methyl methane sulphonate (MMS,10 ppm) and distilled water were used as positive and negative control groups, respectively. All the applied doses statistically decreased MIs. MI values of CMPs were found higher than CNPs. CMPs and CNPs significantly increased CAs such as chromosome laggards, disturbed anaphase-telophase, stickiness and bridges and also DNA damage. Characterization of CMPs and CNPs showed the particle size as 4.24 ± 0.7 µm and 20.28 ± 2.33 nm, respectively. The average diameter of CMPs and CNPs in solution were in the range of 372.75 ± 70.23 nm and 167.74 ± 38.7 nm, respectively. These results demonstrated that CMPs and CNPs had cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in A. cepa root meristematic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Liman
- Usak University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 1 Eylül Campus, 64300 Uşak, Turkey.
| | - Yaser Acikbas
- Usak University, Faculty of Engineering, Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, 64200 Uşak, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci
- Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Science and Literatures, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 03200 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Louro H, Saruga A, Santos J, Pinhão M, Silva MJ. Biological impact of metal nanomaterials in relation to their physicochemical characteristics. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 56:172-183. [PMID: 30707927 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henriqueta Louro
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; PToNANO, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Andreia Saruga
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Santos
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana Pinhão
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria João Silva
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; PToNANO, Lisbon, Portugal
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14
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Catalán J, Fascineli ML, Politakos N, Hartikainen M, Garcia MP, Cáceres-Vélez PR, Moreno C, Silva SWD, Morais PC, Norppa H, Moya SE, Azevedo RB. In vivo toxicological evaluation of polymer brush engineered nanoceria: impact of brush charge. Nanotoxicology 2018; 13:305-325. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1543469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Catalán
- aWork Environment, Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- bDepartment of Anatomy Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria Luiza Fascineli
- cLaboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília DF, Brazil
| | - Nikolaos Politakos
- dSoft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mira Hartikainen
- aWork Environment, Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mônica Pereira Garcia
- cLaboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília DF, Brazil
| | - Paolin Rocio Cáceres-Vélez
- cLaboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília DF, Brazil
- dSoft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Carlos Moreno
- bDepartment of Anatomy Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Paulo César Morais
- eInstitute of Physics, University of Brasília, Brasília DF, Brazil
- fSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Hannu Norppa
- aWork Environment, Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sergio E. Moya
- dSoft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ricardo Bentes Azevedo
- cLaboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília DF, Brazil
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15
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Schulte P, Leso V, Niang M, Iavicoli I. Biological monitoring of workers exposed to engineered nanomaterials. Toxicol Lett 2018; 298:112-124. [PMID: 29920308 PMCID: PMC6239923 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
As the number of nanomaterial workers increase there is need to consider whether biomonitoring of exposure should be used as a routine risk management tool. Currently, no biomonitoring of nanomaterials is mandated by authoritative or regulatory agencies. However, there is a growing knowledge base to support such biomonitoring, but further research is needed as are investigations of priorities for biomonitoring. That research should be focused on validation of biomarkers of exposure and effect. Some biomarkers of effect are generally nonspecific. These biomarkers need further interpretation before they should be used. Overall biomonitoring of nanomaterial workers may be important to supplement risk assessment and risk management efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Schulte
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - V Leso
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M Niang
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - I Iavicoli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Schwotzer D, Niehof M, Schaudien D, Kock H, Hansen T, Dasenbrock C, Creutzenberg O. Cerium oxide and barium sulfate nanoparticle inhalation affects gene expression in alveolar epithelial cells type II. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:16. [PMID: 29463257 PMCID: PMC5819288 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the molecular mechanisms of nanomaterial interacting with cellular systems is important for appropriate risk assessment. The identification of early biomarkers for potential (sub-)chronic effects of nanoparticles provides a promising approach towards cost-intensive and animal consuming long-term studies. As part of a 90-day inhalation toxicity study with CeO2 NM-212 and BaSO4 NM-220 the present investigations on gene expression and immunohistochemistry should reveal details on underlying mechanisms of pulmonary effects. The role of alveolar epithelial cells type II (AEII cells) is focused since its contribution to defense against inhaled particles and potentially resulting adverse effects is assumed. Low dose levels should help to specify particle-related events, including inflammation and oxidative stress. RESULTS Rats were exposed to clean air, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/m3 CeO2 NM-212 or 50.0 mg/m3 BaSO4 NM-220 and the expression of 391 genes was analyzed in AEII cells after one, 28 and 90 days exposure. A total number of 34 genes was regulated, most of them related to inflammatory mediators. Marked changes in gene expression were measured for Ccl2, Ccl7, Ccl17, Ccl22, Ccl3, Ccl4, Il-1α, Il-1ß, and Il-1rn (inflammation), Lpo and Noxo1 (oxidative stress), and Mmp12 (inflammation/lung cancer). Genes related to genotoxicity and apoptosis did not display marked regulation. Although gene expression was less affected by BaSO4 compared to CeO2 the gene pattern showed great overlap. Gene expression was further analyzed in liver and kidney tissue showing inflammatory responses in both organs and marked downregulation of oxidative stress related genes in the kidney. Increases in the amount of Ce were measured in liver but not in kidney tissue. Investigation of selected genes on protein level revealed increased Ccl2 in bronchoalveolar lavage of exposed animals and increased Lpo and Mmp12 in the alveolar epithelia. CONCLUSION AEII cells contribute to CeO2 nanoparticle caused inflammatory and oxidative stress reactions in the respiratory tract by the release of related mediators. Effects of BaSO4 exposure are low. However, overlap between both substances were detected and support identification of potential early biomarkers for nanoparticle effects on the respiratory system. Signs for long-term effects need to be further evaluated by comparison to a respective exposure setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Schwotzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Monika Niehof
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiko Kock
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tanja Hansen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Clemens Dasenbrock
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Otto Creutzenberg
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Bonassi S, Prinzi G, Lamonaca P, Russo P, Paximadas I, Rasoni G, Rossi R, Ruggi M, Malandrino S, Sánchez-Flores M, Valdiglesias V, Benassi B, Pacchierotti F, Villani P, Panatta M, Cordelli E. Clinical and genomic safety of treatment with Ginkgo biloba L. leaf extract (IDN 5933/Ginkgoselect®Plus) in elderly: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial [GiBiEx]. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:22. [PMID: 29357859 PMCID: PMC5778811 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous health benefits have been attributed to the Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBLE), one of the most extensively used phytopharmaceutical drugs worldwide. Recently, concerns of the safety of the extract have been raised after a report from US National Toxicology Program (NTP) claimed high doses of GBLE increased liver and thyroid cancer incidence in mice and rats. A safety study has been designed to assess, in a population of elderly residents in nursing homes, clinical and genomic risks associated to GBLE treatment. METHODS GiBiEx is a multicentre randomized clinical trial, placebo controlled, double blinded, which compared subjects randomized to twice-daily doses of either 120-mg of IDN 5933 (also known as Ginkgoselect®Plus) or to placebo for a 6-months period. IDN 5933 is extracted from dried leaves and contains 24.3% flavone glycosides and 6.1% of terpene lactones (2.9% bilobalide, 1.38% ginkgolide A, 0.66% ginkgolide B, 1.12% ginkgolide C) as determined by HPLC. The study was completed by 47 subjects, 20 in the placebo group and 27 in the treatment group. Clinical (adverse clinical effect and liver injury) and genomic (micronucleus frequency, comet assay, c-myc, p53, and ctnnb1 expression profile in lymphocytes) endpoints were assessed at the start and at the end of the study. RESULTS No adverse clinical effects or increase of liver injury markers were reported in the treatment group. The frequency of micronuclei [Mean Ratio (MR) = 1.01, 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) 0.86-1.18), and DNA breaks (comet assay) (MR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.58-1.43), did not differ in the two study groups. No significant difference was found in the expression profile of the three genes investigated. CONCLUSIONS None of the markers investigated revealed a higher risk in the treatment group, supporting the safety of IDN 5933 at doses prescribed and for duration of six months. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03004508 , December 20, 2016. Trial retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bonassi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Prinzi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Palma Lamonaca
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Russo
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Paximadas
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rasoni
- RSA San Raffaele Rocca di Papa, Via Ariccia, 16, 00040 Rocca di Papa (RM), Italy
| | - Raffaella Rossi
- RSA San Raffaele Sabaudia, via Borgo Nuovo, 04010 Sabaudia (LT), Italy
| | - Marzia Ruggi
- RSA San Raffaele Montecompatri, Via San Silvestro, 67, 00077 Montecompatri (RM), Italy
| | | | - Maria Sánchez-Flores
- DICOMOSA Group, Department of Psychology, Universidade de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- DICOMOSA Group, Department of Psychology, Universidade de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Barbara Benassi
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, ENEA CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pacchierotti
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, ENEA CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Villani
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, ENEA CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Panatta
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, ENEA CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenia Cordelli
- Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, ENEA CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
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Abstract
In the recent times, nanomaterials are used in many sectors of science, medicine and industry, without revealing its toxic effects. Thus, it is in urgent need for exploring the toxicity along with the application of such useful nanomaterials. Nanomaterials are categorized with a particle size of 1-100 nm. They have gained increasing attention because of their novel properties, including a large specific surface area and high reaction activity. The various fundamental and practical applications of nanomaterials include drug delivery, cell imaging, and cancer therapy. Nanosized semiconductors have their versatile applications in different areas such as catalysts, sensors, photoelectronic devices, highly functional and effective devices etc. Metal oxides contribute in many areas of chemistry, physics and materials science. Mechanism of toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles can occur by different methods like oxidative stress, co-ordination effects, non-homeostasis effects, genotoxicity and others. Factors that affect the metal oxide nanoparticles were size, dissolution and exposure routes. This chapter will explain elaborately the toxicity of metal oxide nano structures in living beings and their effect in ecosystem.
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Aligning nanotoxicology with the 3Rs: What is needed to realise the short, medium and long-term opportunities? Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 91:257-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Catalán J, Stockmann-Juvala H, Norppa H. A theoretical approach for a weighted assessment of the mutagenic potential of nanomaterials. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:964-977. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1382601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Catalán
- Work Environment, Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Helene Stockmann-Juvala
- Work Environment, Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Norppa
- Work Environment, Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Krug HF, Nau K. Reliability for Nanosafety Research - Considerations on the Basis of a Comprehensive Literature Review. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201700013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Friedrich Krug
- Empa - Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt; International Research Cooperation Manager; Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 9014 St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Katja Nau
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Institute for Applied Computer Science; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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Abstract
This Mutagenesis special issue is on the topic of nanogenotoxicology. It unites a collection of reports that provide insight into: (i) the properties of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) that contribute to genotoxicity, (ii) the genotoxic mechanisms associated with DNA damage observed in both in vitro and in vivo tests and (iii) the future test systems that will provide more accurate prediction of ENM genotoxicity to support regulatory hazard assessment frameworks. The contributions within therefore provide collective oversight of our current understanding, coupled to future perspectives aimed at overcoming technical hurdles and describing novel analytical methods to further advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareen H Doak
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science and Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea Univeristy Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK and
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway
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Schwotzer D, Ernst H, Schaudien D, Kock H, Pohlmann G, Dasenbrock C, Creutzenberg O. Effects from a 90-day inhalation toxicity study with cerium oxide and barium sulfate nanoparticles in rats. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:23. [PMID: 28701164 PMCID: PMC5508701 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanomaterials like cerium oxide and barium sulfate are frequently processed in industrial and consumer products and exposure of humans and other organisms is likely. Generally less information is given on health effects and toxicity, especially regarding long-term exposure to low nanoparticle doses. Since inhalation is still the major route of uptake the present study focused on pulmonary effects of CeO2NM-212 (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0 mg/m3) and BaSO4NM-220 nanoparticles (50.0 mg/m3) in a 90-day exposure setup. To define particle-related effects and potential mechanisms of action, observations in histopathology, bronchoalveolar lavage and immunohistochemistry were linked to pulmonary deposition and clearance rates. This further allows evaluation of potential overload related effects. Results Lung burden values increased with increasing nanoparticle dose levels and ongoing exposure. At higher doses, cerium clearance was impaired, suggesting lung overload. Barium elimination was extremely rapid and without any signs of overload. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis and histopathology revealed lung tissue inflammation with increasing severity and post-exposure persistency for CeO2. Also, marker levels for genotoxicity and cell proliferation were significantly increased. BaSO4 showed less inflammation or persistency of effects and particularly affected the nasal cavity. Conclusion CeO2 nanoparticles penetrate the alveolar space and affect the respiratory tract after inhalation mainly in terms of inflammation. Effects at low dose levels and post-exposure persistency suggest potential long-term effects and a notable relevance for human health. The generated data might be useful to improve nanoparticle risk assessment and threshold value generation. Mechanistic investigations at conditions of non-overload and absent inflammation should be further investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Schwotzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Heinrich Ernst
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiko Kock
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerhard Pohlmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Clemens Dasenbrock
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Otto Creutzenberg
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Haase A, Dommershausen N, Schulz M, Landsiedel R, Reichardt P, Krause BC, Tentschert J, Luch A. Genotoxicity testing of different surface-functionalized SiO 2, ZrO 2 and silver nanomaterials in 3D human bronchial models. Arch Toxicol 2017. [PMID: 28643002 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inhalation is considered a critical uptake route for NMs, demanding for sound toxicity testing using relevant test systems. This study investigates cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in EpiAirway™ 3D human bronchial models using 16 well-characterized NMs, including surface-functionalized 15 nm SiO2 (4 variants), 10 nm ZrO2 (4), and nanosilver (3), ZnO NM-110, TiO2 NM-105, BaSO4 NM-220, and two AlOOH NMs. Cytotoxicity was assessed by LDH and ATP assays and genotoxicity by the alkaline comet assay. For 9 NMs, uptake was investigated using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Most NMs were neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic in vitro. ZnO displayed a dose-dependent genotoxicity between 10 and 25 µg/cm2. Ag.50.citrate was genotoxic at 50 µg/cm2. A marginal but still significant genotoxic response was observed for SiO2.unmodified, SiO2.phosphate and ZrO2.TODS at 50 µg/cm2. For all NMs for which uptake in the 3D models could be assessed, the amount taken up was below 5% of the applied mass doses and was furthermore dose dependent. For in vivo comparison, published in vivo genotoxicity data were used and in addition, at the beginning of this study, two NMs were randomly selected for short-term (5-day) rat inhalation studies with subsequent comet and micronucleus assays in lung and bone marrow cells, respectively, i.e., ZrO2.acrylate and SiO2.amino. Both substances were not genotoxic neither in vivo nor in vitro. EpiAirway™ 3D models appear useful for NM in vitro testing. Using 16 different NMs, this study confirms that genotoxicity is mainly determined by chemical composition of the core material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Haase
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nils Dommershausen
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Schulz
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Robert Landsiedel
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Philipp Reichardt
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin-Christoph Krause
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Tentschert
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
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25
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Krug HF, Nau K. Zuverlässigkeit in der Nanosicherheitsforschung. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201600088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Comet assay: an essential tool in toxicological research. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:2315-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1767-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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