1
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Xiao CK, Ren Y, Chen Q, Yang Y, Tang L, Xu L, Ren Z. H4K20me3, H3K4me2 and H3K9me2 mediate the effect of ER on prognosis in breast cancer. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2343593. [PMID: 38643489 PMCID: PMC11037280 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2343593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that histone methylations act as mediators in the relationship between oestrogen receptor (ER) and breast cancer prognosis, yet the mediating role has never been assessed. Therefore, we investigated seven histone methylations (H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K9me1, H3K9me2, H3K9me3, H3K27me3 and H4K20me3) to determine whether they mediate the prognostic impact of ER on breast cancer. Tissue microarrays were constructed from 1045 primary invasive breast tumours, and the expressions of histone methylations were examined by immunohistochemistry. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyse the associations between ER and histone methylations. Cox proportional hazard model was performed to assess the relationship between histone methylations and breast cancer prognosis. The mediation effects of histone methylations were evaluated by model-based causal mediation analysis. High expressions of H3K9me1, H3K9me2, H3K4me2, H3K27me3, H4K20me3 were associated with ER positivity, while high expression of H3K9me3 was associated ER negativity. Higher H3K9me2, H3K4me2 and H4K20me3 levels were associated with better prognosis. The association between ER and breast cancer prognosis was most strongly mediated by H4K20me3 (29.07% for OS; 22.42% for PFS), followed by H3K4me2 (11.5% for OS; 10.82% for PFS) and least by H3K9me2 (9.35% for OS; 7.34% for PFS). H4K20me3, H3K4me2 and H3K9me2 mediated the relationship between ER and breast cancer prognosis, which would help to further elucidate the impact of ER on breast cancer prognosis from an epigenetic perspective and provide new ideas for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kun Xiao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuexiang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianxin Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhong Yang
- The Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zefang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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He Y, Shao Y, Zhou Z, Li T, Gao Y, Liu X, Yuan G, Yang G, Zhang L, Li F. MORC2 regulates RBM39-mediated CDK5RAP2 alternative splicing to promote EMT and metastasis in colon cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:530. [PMID: 39048555 PMCID: PMC11269669 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinogenesis and progression are associated with aberrant alternative splicing, yet its molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, we find that Microrchidia family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) binds to RRM1 domain of RNA binding motif protein 39 (RBM39), and RBM39 interacts with site 1 of pre-CDK5RAP2 exon 32 via its UHM domain, resulting in a splicing switch of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit associated protein 2 (CDK5RAP2) L to CDK5RAP2 S. CDK5RAP2 S promotes invasion of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, CDK5RAP2 S specifically recruits the PHD finger protein 8 to promote Slug transcription by removing repressive histone marks at the Slug promoter. Moreover, CDK5RAP2 S, but not CDK5RAP2 L, is essential for the promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by MORC2 or RBM39. Importantly, high protein levels of MORC2, RBM39 and Slug are strongly associated with metastasis and poor clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer patients. Taken together, our findings uncover a novel mechanism by which MORC2 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis, through RBM39-mediated pre-CDK5RAP2 alternative splicing and highlight the MORC2/RBM39/CDK5RAP2 axis as a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin He
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Yangguang Shao
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China.
| | - Zhihui Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Yunling Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Gang Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Gaoxiang Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the PRC and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the PRC, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China.
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3
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Tong D, Tang Y, Zhong P. The emerging roles of histone demethylases in cancers. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:795-821. [PMID: 38227150 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Modulation of histone methylation status is regarded as an important mechanism of epigenetic regulation and has substantial clinical potential for the therapy of diseases, including cancer and other disorders. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive introduction to the enzymology of histone demethylases, as well as their cancerous roles, molecular mechanisms, therapeutic possibilities, and challenges for targeting them, in order to advance drug design for clinical therapy and highlight new insight into the mechanisms of these enzymes in cancer. A series of clinical trials have been performed to explore potential roles of histone demethylases in several cancer types. Numerous targeted inhibitors associated with immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy have been used to exert anticancer functions. Future studies should evaluate the dynamic transformation of histone demethylases leading to carcinogenesis and explore individual therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Tong
- Department of Urological Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Peng Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Li X, Liu Q, Fu C, Li M, Li C, Li X, Zhao S, Zheng Z. Characterizing structural variants based on graph-genotyping provides insights into pig domestication and local adaption. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:394-406. [PMID: 38056526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Structural variants (SVs), such as deletions (DELs) and insertions (INSs), contribute substantially to pig genetic diversity and phenotypic variation. Using a library of SVs discovered from long-read primary assemblies and short-read sequenced genomes, we map pig genomic SVs with a graph-based method for re-genotyping SVs in 402 genomes. Our results demonstrate that those SVs harboring specific trait-associated genes may greatly shape pig domestication and local adaptation. Further characterization of SVs reveals that some population-stratified SVs may alter the transcription of genes by affecting regulatory elements. We identify that the genotypes of two DELs (296-bp DEL, chr7: 52,172,101-52,172,397; 278-bp DEL, chr18: 23,840,143-23,840,421) located in muscle-specific enhancers are associated with the expression of target genes related to meat quality (FSD2) and muscle fiber hypertrophy (LMOD2 and WASL) in pigs. Our results highlight the role of SVs in domestic porcine evolution, and the identified candidate functional genes and SVs are valuable resources for future genomic research and breeding programs in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chong Fu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mengxun Li
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Changchun Li
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xinyun Li
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Zhuqing Zheng
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, China.
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5
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Feng H, Fu Y, Cui Z, Zhou M, Zhang L, Gao Z, Ma S, Chen C. Histone demethylase PHF8 facilitates the development of chronic myeloid leukaemia by directly targeting BCR::ABL1. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:1178-1191. [PMID: 37469124 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), TKI resistance remains a major challenge. Here, we demonstrated that plant homeodomain finger protein 8 (PHF8), a histone demethylase was aberrantly enriched in CML samples compared to healthy controls. PHF8 inhibited CML cell differentiation and promoted CML cell proliferation. Furthermore, the proliferation-inhibited function of PHF8-knockdown have stronger effect on imatinib mesylate (IM)-resistant CML cells. Mechanistically, we identified that PHF8 as a transcriptional modulator interacted with the promoter of the BCR::ABL1 fusion gene and alters the methylation levels of H3K9me1, H3K9me2 and H3K27me1, thereby promoting BCR::ABL1 transcription. Overall, our study suggests that targeting PHF8, which directly regulates BCR::ABL1 expression, is a useful therapeutic approach for CML.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Apoptosis
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Histone Demethylases/genetics
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Transcription Factors/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Feng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zelong Cui
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Minran Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenxing Gao
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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6
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Liu Y, Hu L, Wu Z, Yuan K, Hong G, Lian Z, Feng J, Li N, Li D, Wong J, Chen J, Liu M, He J, Pang X. Loss of PHF8 induces a viral mimicry response by activating endogenous retrotransposons. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4225. [PMID: 37454216 PMCID: PMC10349869 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39943-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become established as major treatment modality for multiple types of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. Identifying novel immunotherapeutic targets to enhance anti-tumor immunity and sensitize current immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in colorectal cancer is needed. Here we report the histone demethylase PHD finger protein 8 (PHF8, KDM7B), a Jumonji C domain-containing protein that erases repressive histone methyl marks, as an essential mediator of immune escape. Ablation the function of PHF8 abrogates tumor growth, activates anti-tumor immune memory, and augments sensitivity to ICB therapy in mouse models of colorectal cancer. Strikingly, tumor PHF8 deletion stimulates a viral mimicry response in colorectal cancer cells, where the depletion of key components of endogenous nucleic acid sensing diminishes PHF8 loss-meditated antiviral immune responses and anti-tumor effects in vivo. Mechanistically, PHF8 inhibition elicits H3K9me3-dependent retrotransposon activation by promoting proteasomal degradation of the H3K9 methyltransferase SETDB1 in a demethylase-independent manner. Moreover, PHF8 expression is anti-correlated with canonical immune signatures and antiviral immune responses in human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Overall, our study establishes PHF8 as an epigenetic checkpoint, and targeting PHF8 is a promising viral mimicry-inducing approach to enhance intrinsic anti-tumor immunity or to conquer immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longmiao Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengzhen Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Zhengke Lian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juanjuan Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dali Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiemin Wong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiekai Chen
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xiufeng Pang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Jin ML, Jeong KW. Histone modifications in drug-resistant cancers: From a cancer stem cell and immune evasion perspective. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01014-z. [PMID: 37394580 PMCID: PMC10394043 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and immune evasion of cancer stem cells (CSCs) limit the efficacy of currently available anticancer therapies. Recent studies have shown that epigenetic reprogramming regulates the expression of characteristic marker proteins and tumor plasticity associated with cancer cell survival and metastasis in CSCs. CSCs also possess unique mechanisms to evade external attacks by immune cells. Hence, the development of new strategies to restore dysregulated histone modifications to overcome cancer resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy has recently attracted attention. Restoring abnormal histone modifications can be an effective anticancer strategy to increase the therapeutic effect of conventional chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic drugs by weakening CSCs or by rendering them in a naïve state with increased sensitivity to immune responses. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding the role of histone modifiers in the development of drug-resistant cancer cells from the perspectives of CSCs and immune evasion. In addition, we discuss attempts to combine currently available histone modification inhibitors with conventional chemotherapy or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li Jin
- Gachon Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Won Jeong
- Gachon Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Cao Y, Li Y, Liu R, Zhou J, Wang K. Preclinical and Basic Research Strategies for Overcoming Resistance to Targeted Therapies in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092568. [PMID: 37174034 PMCID: PMC10177527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is associated with a poor prognosis and HER2 gene is overexpressed in approximately 15-30% of breast cancers. In HER2-positive breast cancer patients, HER2-targeted therapies improved clinical outcomes and survival rates. However, drug resistance to anti-HER2 drugs is almost unavoidable, leaving some patients with an unmet need for better prognoses. Therefore, exploring strategies to delay or revert drug resistance is urgent. In recent years, new targets and regimens have emerged continuously. This review discusses the fundamental mechanisms of drug resistance in the targeted therapies of HER2-positive breast cancer and summarizes recent research progress in this field, including preclinical and basic research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yunjin Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Kuansong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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9
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Dong Y, Hu H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Sun X, Wang H, Kan W, Tan MJ, Shi H, Zang Y, Li J. Phosphorylation of PHF2 by AMPK releases the repressive H3K9me2 and inhibits cancer metastasis. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:95. [PMID: 36872368 PMCID: PMC9986243 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in cancer metastasis, accompanied with vast epigenetic changes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a cellular energy sensor, plays regulatory roles in multiple biological processes. Although a few studies have shed light on AMPK regulating cancer metastasis, the inside epigenetic mechanisms remain unknown. Herein we show that AMPK activation by metformin relieves the repressive H3K9me2-mediated silencing of epithelial genes (e.g., CDH1) during EMT processes and inhibits lung cancer metastasis. PHF2, a H3K9me2 demethylase, was identified to interact with AMPKα2. Genetic deletion of PHF2 aggravates lung cancer metastasis and abolishes the H3K9me2 downregulation and anti-metastasis effect of metformin. Mechanistically, AMPK phosphorylates PHF2 at S655 site, enhancing PHF2 demethylation activity and triggering the transcription of CDH1. Furthermore, the PHF2-S655E mutant that mimics AMPK-mediated phosphorylation status further reduces H3K9me2 and suppresses lung cancer metastasis, while PHF2-S655A mutant presents opposite phenotype and reverses the anti-metastasis effect of metformin. PHF2-S655 phosphorylation strikingly reduces in lung cancer patients and the higher phosphorylation level predicts better survival. Altogether, we reveal the mechanism of AMPK inhibiting lung cancer metastasis via PHF2 mediated H3K9me2 demethylation, thereby promoting the clinical application of metformin and highlighting PHF2 as the potential epigenetic target in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunkai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.,School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weijuan Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Min-Jia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,Lingang laboratory, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China. .,Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, China. .,Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), 1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei, Jimo, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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10
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Shao P, Liu Q, Qi HH. KDM7 Demethylases: Regulation, Function and Therapeutic Targeting. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1433:167-184. [PMID: 37751140 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38176-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
It was more than a decade ago that PHF8, KDM7A/JHDM1D and PHF2 were first proposed to be a histone demethylase family and were named as KDM7 (lysine demethylase) family. Since then, knowledge of their demethylation activities, roles as co-regulators of transcription and roles in development and diseases such as cancer has been steadily growing. The demethylation activities of PHF8 and KDM7A toward various methylated histones including H3K9me2/1, H3K27me2 and H4K20me1 have been identified and proven in various cell types. In contrast, PHF2, due to a mutation of a key residue in an iron-binding domain, demethylates H3K9me2 upon PKA-mediated phosphorylation. Interestingly, it was reported that PHF2 possesses an unusual H4K20me3 demethylation activity, which was not observed for PHF8 and KDM7A. PHF8 has been most extensively studied with respect to its roles in development and oncogenesis, revealing that it contributes to regulation of the cell cycle, cell viability and cell migration. Moreover, accumulating lines of evidence demonstrated that the KDM7 family members are subjected to post-transcriptional and post-translational regulations, leading to a higher horizon for evaluating their actual protein expression and functions in development and cancer. This chapter provides a general view of the current understanding of the regulation and functions of the KDM7 family and discusses their potential as therapeutic targets in cancer as well as perspectives for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 51 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 51 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Hank Heng Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 51 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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11
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Centomo ML, Vitiello M, Poliseno L, Pandolfi PP. An Immunocompetent Environment Unravels the Proto-Oncogenic Role of miR-22. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246255. [PMID: 36551740 PMCID: PMC9776418 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-22 was first identified as a proto-oncogenic microRNA (miRNA) due to its ability to post-transcriptionally suppress the expression of the potent PTEN (Phosphatase And Tensin Homolog) tumor suppressor gene. miR-22 tumorigenic role in cancer was subsequently supported by its ability to positively trigger lipogenesis, anabolic metabolism, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) towards the metastatic spread. However, during the following years, the picture was complicated by the identification of targets that support a tumor-suppressive role in certain tissues or cell types. Indeed, many papers have been published where in vitro cellular assays and in vivo immunodeficient or immunosuppressed xenograft models are used. However, here we show that all the studies performed in vivo, in immunocompetent transgenic and knock-out animal models, unanimously support a proto-oncogenic role for miR-22. Since miR-22 is actively secreted from and readily exchanged between normal and tumoral cells, a functional immune dimension at play could well represent the divider that allows reconciling these contradictory findings. In addition to a critical review of this vast literature, here we provide further proof of the oncogenic role of miR-22 through the analysis of its genomic locus vis a vis the genetic landscape of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Centomo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- William N. Pennington Cancer Institute, Renown Health, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, NV 89502, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Marianna Vitiello
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, ISPRO, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Poliseno
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Oncogenomics Unit, Core Research Laboratory, ISPRO, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (P.P.P.); Tel.: +39-050-315-2780 (L.P.); +1-775-982-6210 (P.P.P.); Fax: +39-050-315-3327 (L.P.); +1-775-982-4288 (P.P.P.)
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- William N. Pennington Cancer Institute, Renown Health, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, NV 89502, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USA
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (P.P.P.); Tel.: +39-050-315-2780 (L.P.); +1-775-982-6210 (P.P.P.); Fax: +39-050-315-3327 (L.P.); +1-775-982-4288 (P.P.P.)
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12
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Thakur C, Qiu Y, Fu Y, Bi Z, Zhang W, Ji H, Chen F. Epigenetics and environment in breast cancer: New paradigms for anti-cancer therapies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:971288. [PMID: 36185256 PMCID: PMC9520778 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.971288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Delayed presentation of the disease, late stage at diagnosis, limited therapeutic options, metastasis, and relapse are the major factors contributing to breast cancer mortality. The development and progression of breast cancer is a complex and multi-step process that incorporates an accumulation of several genetic and epigenetic alterations. External environmental factors and internal cellular microenvironmental cues influence the occurrence of these alterations that drives tumorigenesis. Here, we discuss state-of-the-art information on the epigenetics of breast cancer and how environmental risk factors orchestrate major epigenetic events, emphasizing the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach toward a better understanding of the gene-environment interactions implicated in breast cancer. Since epigenetic modifications are reversible and are susceptible to extrinsic and intrinsic stimuli, they offer potential avenues that can be targeted for designing robust breast cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Thakur
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Yiran Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Zhuoyue Bi
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Haoyan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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13
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Huang Y, Hong W, Wei X. The molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of EMT in tumor progression and metastasis. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:129. [PMID: 36076302 PMCID: PMC9461252 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential process in normal embryonic development and tissue regeneration. However, aberrant reactivation of EMT is associated with malignant properties of tumor cells during cancer progression and metastasis, including promoted migration and invasiveness, increased tumor stemness, and enhanced resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. EMT is tightly regulated by a complex network which is orchestrated with several intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including multiple transcription factors, post-translational control, epigenetic modifications, and noncoding RNA-mediated regulation. In this review, we described the molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, and the stages of tumorigenesis involved in the EMT process and discussed the dynamic non-binary process of EMT and its role in tumor metastasis. Finally, we summarized the challenges of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in EMT and proposed strategies for tumor therapy targeting EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Huang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiqi Hong
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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14
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Diao W, Zheng J, Li Y, Wang J, Xu S. Targeting histone demethylases as a potential cancer therapy (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:103. [PMID: 35801593 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Post‑translational modifications of histones by histone demethylases have an important role in the regulation of gene transcription and are implicated in cancers. Recently, the family of lysine (K)‑specific demethylase (KDM) proteins, referring to histone demethylases that dynamically regulate histone methylation, were indicated to be involved in various pathways related to cancer development. To date, numerous studies have been conducted to explore the effects of KDMs on cancer growth, metastasis and drug resistance, and a majority of KDMs have been indicated to be oncogenes in both leukemia and solid tumors. In addition, certain KDM inhibitors have been developed and have become the subject of clinical trials to explore their safety and efficacy in cancer therapy. However, most of them focus on hematopoietic malignancy. This review summarizes the effects of KDMs on tumor growth, drug resistance and the current status of KDM inhibitors in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Diao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jiabin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Junjiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Songhui Xu
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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15
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Wu G, Li Y. TGF-β induced reprogramming and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:23. [PMID: 35395809 PMCID: PMC8994282 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of drug resistance remains to be a major cause of therapeutic failure in breast cancer patients. How drug-sensitive cells first evade drug inhibition to proliferate remains to be fully investigated. METHODS Here we characterized the early transcriptional evolution in response to TGF-β in the human triple-negative breast cells through bioinformatical analysis using a published RNA-seq dataset, for which MCF10A cells were treated with 5 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, and the RNA-seq were performed in biological duplicates. The protein-protein interaction networks of the differentially expressed genes were constructed. KEGG enrichment analysis, cis-regulatory sequence analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis were also performed to analyze the cellular reprograming induced by TGF-β and its contribution to the survival probability decline of breast cancer patients. RESULT Transcriptomic analysis revealed that cell growth was severely suppressed by TGF-β in the first 24 h but this anti-proliferate impact attenuated between 48 h and 72 h. The oncogenic actions of TGF-β happened within the same time frame with its anti-proliferative effects. In addition, sustained high expression of several drug resistance markers was observed after TGF-β treatment. We also identified 17 TGF-β induced genes that were highly correlated with the survival probability decline of breast cancer patients. CONCLUSION Together, TGF-β plays an important role in tumorigenesis and the development of drug resistance, which implies potential therapeutic strategies targeting the early-stage TGF-β signaling activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Wu
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuchao Li
- MegaLab, MegaRobo Technologies Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
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16
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Ma S, Zhang J, Guo Q, Cao C, Bao K, Liu L, Chen CD, Liu Z, Yang J, Yang N, Yao Z, Shi L. Disrupting PHF8-TOPBP1 connection elicits a breast tumor-specific vulnerability to chemotherapeutics. Cancer Lett 2022; 530:29-44. [PMID: 35051531 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) pathway generally protects against genome instability, and defects in DDR have been exploited therapeutically in cancer treatment. We have reported that histone demethylase PHF8 demethylates TOPBP1 K118 mono-methylation (K118me1) to drive the activation of ATR kinase, one of the master regulators of replication stress. However, whether dysregulation of this physiological signalling is involved in tumorigenesis remains unknown. Here, we showed PHF8-promoted TOPBP1 demethylation is clinically associated with breast tumorigenesis and patient survival. Mammary gland tumors from Phf8 knockout mice grow slowly and exhibit higher level of K118me1, lower ATR activity, and increased chromosomal instability. Importantly, we found that disruption of PHF8-TOPBP1 axis suppresses breast tumorigenesis and creates a breast tumor-specific vulnerability to PARP inhibitor (PARPi) and platinum drug. CRISPR/Cas9 mutation modelling of the deleted or truncated mutation of PHF8 in clinical tumor samples demonstrated breast tumor cells expressing the mimetic variants are more vulnerable to PARPi. Together, our study supports the pursuit of PHF8-TOPBP1 signalling pathway as promising avenues for targeted therapies of PHF8-TOPBP1 proficient tumors, and provides proof-of-concept evidence for loss-of-function of PHF8 as a therapeutic indicator of PARPis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jieyou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qiushi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Kaiwen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Charlie Degui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Na Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Medical Data Analysis and Statistical Research of Tianjin, Nankai University, 300353, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhi Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Liu YY, Liu HY, Yu TJ, Lu Q, Zhang FL, Liu GY, Shao ZM, Li DQ. O-GlcNAcylation of MORC2 at threonine 556 by OGT couples TGF-β signaling to breast cancer progression. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:861-873. [PMID: 34974534 PMCID: PMC8991186 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MORC family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) is a newly identified chromatin-remodeling enzyme involved in DNA damage response and gene transcription, and its dysregulation has been linked with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, neurodevelopmental disorder, and cancer. Despite its functional importance, how MORC2 is regulated remains enigmatic. Here, we report that MORC2 is O-GlcNAcylated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) at threonine 556. Mutation of this site or pharmacological inhibition of OGT impairs MORC2-mediated breast cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro and lung colonization in vivo. Moreover, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) induces MORC2 O-GlcNAcylation through enhancing the stability of glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for producing the sugar donor for OGT. O-GlcNAcylated MORC2 is required for transcriptional activation of TGF-β1 target genes connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAIL). In support of these observations, knockdown of GFAT, SNAIL or CTGF compromises TGF-β1-induced, MORC2 O-GlcNAcylation-mediated breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Clinically, high expression of OGT, MORC2, SNAIL, and CTGF in breast tumors is associated with poor patient prognosis. Collectively, these findings uncover a previously unrecognized mechanistic role for MORC2 O-GlcNAcylation in breast cancer progression and provide evidence for targeting MORC2-dependent breast cancer through blocking its O-GlcNAcylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Liu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Hong-Yi Liu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Tian-Jian Yu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Qin Lu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Fang-Lin Zhang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Guang-Yu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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The Emerging Significance of Histone Lysine Demethylases as Prognostic Markers and Therapeutic Targets in Head and Neck Cancers. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061023. [PMID: 35326475 PMCID: PMC8946939 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic aberrations, associated with altered DNA methylation profiles and global changes in the level of histone modifications, are commonly detected in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Recently, histone lysine demethylases have been implicated in the pathogenesis of HNSCC and emerged as potential molecular targets. Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) catalyze the removal of methyl groups from lysine residues in histones. By affecting the methylation of H3K4, H3K9, H3K27, or H3K36, these enzymes take part in transcriptional regulation, which may result in changes in the level of expression of tumor suppressor genes and protooncogenes. KDMs are involved in many biological processes, including cell cycle control, senescence, DNA damage response, and heterochromatin formation. They are also important regulators of pluripotency. The overexpression of most KDMs has been observed in HNSCC, and their inhibition affects cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell motility, invasiveness, and stemness. Of all KDMs, KDM1, KDM4, KDM5, and KDM6 proteins are currently regarded as the most promising prognostic and therapeutic targets in head and neck cancers. The aim of this review is to present up-to-date knowledge on the significance of histone lysine demethylases in head and neck carcinogenesis and to discuss the possibility of using them as prognostic markers and pharmacological targets in patients’ treatment.
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19
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Moubarak RS, de Pablos-Aragoneses A, Ortiz-Barahona V, Gong Y, Gowen M, Dolgalev I, Shadaloey SAA, Argibay D, Karz A, Von Itter R, Vega-Sáenz de Miera EC, Sokolova E, Darvishian F, Tsirigos A, Osman I, Hernando E. The histone demethylase PHF8 regulates TGFβ signaling and promotes melanoma metastasis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabi7127. [PMID: 35179962 PMCID: PMC8856617 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi7127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of epigenetic dysregulation to metastasis remains understudied. Through a meta-analysis of gene expression datasets followed by a mini-screen, we identified Plant Homeodomain Finger protein 8 (PHF8), a histone demethylase of the Jumonji C protein family, as a previously unidentified prometastatic gene in melanoma. Loss- and gain-of-function approaches demonstrate that PHF8 promotes cell invasion without affecting proliferation in vitro and increases dissemination but not subcutaneous tumor growth in vivo, thus supporting its specific contribution to the acquisition of metastatic potential. PHF8 requires its histone demethylase activity to enhance melanoma cell invasion. Transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses revealed that PHF8 orchestrates a molecular program that directly controls the TGFβ signaling pathway and, as a consequence, melanoma invasion and metastasis. Our findings bring a mechanistic understanding of epigenetic regulation of metastatic fitness in cancer, which may pave the way for improved therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana S. Moubarak
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | | | - Yixiao Gong
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Gowen
- NYU School of Medicine Institute for Computational Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Igor Dolgalev
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sorin A. A. Shadaloey
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Diana Argibay
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alcida Karz
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Richard Von Itter
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Elena Sokolova
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Farbod Darvishian
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
- NYU School of Medicine Institute for Computational Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Iman Osman
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
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HAUSP Is a Key Epigenetic Regulator of the Chromatin Effector Proteins. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010042. [PMID: 35052383 PMCID: PMC8774506 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HAUSP (herpes virus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease), also known as Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7, plays critical roles in cellular processes, such as chromatin biology and epigenetics, through the regulation of different signaling pathways. HAUSP is a main partner of the “Epigenetic Code Replication Machinery,” ECREM, a large protein complex that includes several epigenetic players, such as the ubiquitin-like containing plant homeodomain (PHD) and an interesting new gene (RING), finger domains 1 (UHRF1), as well as DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), histone methyltransferase G9a, and histone acetyltransferase TIP60. Due to its deubiquitinase activity and its ability to team up through direct interactions with several epigenetic regulators, mainly UHRF1, DNMT1, TIP60, the histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2, and the lysine-specific histone demethylase LSD1, HAUSP positions itself at the top of the regulatory hierarchies involved in epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes in cancer. This review highlights the increasing role of HAUSP as an epigenetic master regulator that governs a set of epigenetic players involved in both the maintenance of DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications.
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21
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Li W, Wu H, Sui S, Wang Q, Xu S, Pang D. Targeting Histone Modifications in Breast Cancer: A Precise Weapon on the Way. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736935. [PMID: 34595180 PMCID: PMC8476812 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications (HMs) contribute to maintaining genomic stability, transcription, DNA repair, and modulating chromatin in cancer cells. Furthermore, HMs are dynamic and reversible processes that involve interactions between numerous enzymes and molecular components. Aberrant HMs are strongly associated with tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer (BC), although the specific mechanisms are not completely understood. Moreover, there is no comprehensive overview of abnormal HMs in BC, and BC therapies that target HMs are still in their infancy. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing evidence regarding HMs that are involved in BC and the potential mechanisms that are related to aberrant HMs. Moreover, this review examines the currently available agents and approved drugs that have been tested in pre-clinical and clinical studies to evaluate their effects on HMs. Finally, this review covers the barriers to the clinical application of therapies that target HMs, and possible strategies that could help overcome these barriers and accelerate the use of these therapies to cure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyao Sui
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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22
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Xanthoulea S, Konings GFJ, Saarinen N, Delvoux B, Kooreman LFS, Koskimies P, Häkkinen MR, Auriola S, D'Avanzo E, Walid Y, Verhaegen F, Lieuwes NG, Caiment F, Kruitwagen R, Romano A. Pharmacological inhibition of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase impairs human endometrial cancer growth in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Cancer Lett 2021; 508:18-29. [PMID: 33762202 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological tumor in developed countries and its incidence is increasing. Approximately 80% of newly diagnosed EC cases are estrogen-dependent. Type 1 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD-1) is the enzyme that catalyzes the final step in estrogen biosynthesis by reducing the weak estrogen estrone (E1) to the potent estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2), and previous studies showed that this enzyme is implicated in the intratumoral E2 generation in EC. In the present study we employed a recently developed orthotopic and estrogen-dependent xenograft mouse model of EC to show that pharmacological inhibition of the 17β-HSD-1 enzyme inhibits disease development. Tumors were induced in one uterine horn of athymic nude mice by intrauterine injection of the well-differentiated human endometrial adenocarcinoma Ishikawa cell line, modified to express human 17β-HSD-1 in levels comparable to EC, and the luciferase and green fluorescent protein reporter genes. Controlled estrogen exposure in ovariectomized mice was achieved using subcutaneous MedRod implants that released either the low active estrone (E1) precursor or vehicle. A subgroup of E1 supplemented mice received daily oral gavage of FP4643, a well-characterized 17β-HSD-1 inhibitor. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was used to measure tumor growth non-invasively. At sacrifice, mice receiving E1 and treated with the FP4643 inhibitor showed a significant reduction in tumor growth by approximately 65% compared to mice receiving E1. Tumors exhibited metastatic spread to the peritoneum, to the lymphovascular space (LVI), and to the thoracic cavity. Metastatic spread and LVI invasion were both significantly reduced in the inhibitor-treated group. Transcriptional profiling of tumors indicated that FP4643 treatment reduced the oncogenic potential at the mRNA level. In conclusion, we show that 17β-HSD-1 inhibition represents a promising novel endocrine treatment for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Xanthoulea
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands.
| | - Gonda F J Konings
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Niina Saarinen
- Forendo Pharma Ltd., Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), University of Turku, Finland
| | - Bert Delvoux
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Loes F S Kooreman
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | | | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elisabetta D'Avanzo
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Youssef Walid
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Verhaegen
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja G Lieuwes
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; MAASTRO Lab, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Florian Caiment
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Roy Kruitwagen
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Romano
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
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23
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Ma S, Cao C, Che S, Wang Y, Su D, Liu S, Gong W, Liu L, Sun J, Zhao J, Wang Q, Song N, Ge T, Guo Q, Tian S, Chen CD, Zhang T, Wang J, Ding X, Yang F, Ying G, Yang J, Zhang K, Zhu Y, Yao Z, Yang N, Shi L. PHF8-promoted TOPBP1 demethylation drives ATR activation and preserves genome stability. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/19/eabf7684. [PMID: 33952527 PMCID: PMC8099190 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf7684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The checkpoint kinase ATR [ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) and rad3-related] is a master regulator of DNA damage response. Yet, how ATR activity is regulated remains to be investigated. We report here that histone demethylase PHF8 (plant homeodomain finger protein 8) plays a key role in ATR activation and replication stress response. Mechanistically, PHF8 interacts with and demethylates TOPBP1 (DNA topoisomerase 2-binding protein 1), an essential allosteric activator of ATR, under unperturbed conditions, but replication stress results in PHF8 phosphorylation and dissociation from TOPBP1. Consequently, hypomethylated TOPBP1 facilitates RAD9 (RADiation sensitive 9) binding and chromatin loading of the TOPBP1-RAD9 complex to fully activate ATR and thus safeguard the genome and protect cells against replication stress. Our study uncovers a demethylation and phosphorylation code that controls the assembly of TOPBP1-scaffolded protein complex, and provides molecular insight into non-histone methylation switch in ATR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shiyou Che
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Medical Data Analysis and Statistical Research of Tianjin, Nankai University, 300353 Tianjin, China
| | - Yuejiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dongxue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wenchen Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jixue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Medical Data Analysis and Statistical Research of Tianjin, Nankai University, 300353 Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Nan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tong Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiushi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shanshan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Charlie Degui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fuquan Yang
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guoguang Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Na Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Medical Data Analysis and Statistical Research of Tianjin, Nankai University, 300353 Tianjin, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Cai MZ, Wen SY, Wang XJ, Liu Y, Liang H. MYC Regulates PHF8, Which Promotes the Progression of Gastric Cancer by Suppressing miR-22-3p. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820967472. [PMID: 33111613 PMCID: PMC7607725 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820967472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant homeodomain finger protein 8 (PHF8) has been reported to participate in cancer development and metastasis of various types of tumors. However, little is known about the functional mechanism of PHF8 in gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to explore the PHF8 expression pattern and function, and the role of the MYC/miRNA/PHF8 axis in GC. PHF8 expression was upregulated in GC tissues and cells as measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. PHF8 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells, as determined using the CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay. MicroRNA-22-3p targeted PHF8, as verified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. MYC upregulated the protein expression of PHF8 but had no effect on PHF8 mRNA expression. MYC regulates PHF8 by affecting the stability of miR-22-3p. We identified a novel MYC/miR-22-3p/PHF8 regulatory axis in GC. Therefore, PHF8 may provide a new therapeutic target for patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhi Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, 74675Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Yan Wen
- Comprehensive Surgery Department, Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Jun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, 74675Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, 74675Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, 74675Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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25
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Ramazi S, Allahverdi A, Zahiri J. Evaluation of post-translational modifications in histone proteins: A review on histone modification defects in developmental and neurological disorders. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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26
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Purdue MP, Song L, Scélo G, Houlston RS, Wu X, Sakoda LC, Thai K, Graff RE, Rothman N, Brennan P, Chanock SJ, Yu K. Pathway Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinoma Genome-Wide Association Studies Identifies Novel Associations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2065-2069. [PMID: 32732251 PMCID: PMC9438507 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much of the heritable risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) associated with common genetic variation is unexplained. New analytic approaches have been developed to increase the discovery of risk variants in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including multi-locus testing through pathway analysis. METHODS We conducted a pathway analysis using GWAS summary data from six previous scans (10,784 cases and 20,406 controls) and evaluated 3,678 pathways and gene sets drawn from the Molecular Signatures Database. To replicate findings, we analyzed GWAS summary data from the UK Biobank (903 cases and 451,361 controls) and the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging cohort (317 cases and 50,511 controls). RESULTS We identified 14 pathways/gene sets associated with RCC in both the discovery (P < 1.36 × 10-5, the Bonferroni correction threshold) and replication (P < 0.05) sets, 10 of which include components of the PI3K/AKT pathway. In tests across 2,035 genes in these pathways, associations (Bonferroni corrected P < 2.46 × 10-5 in discovery and replication sets combined) were observed for CASP9, TIPIN, and CDKN2C. The strongest SNP signal was for rs12124078 (P Discovery = 2.6 × 10-5; P Replication = 1.5 × 10-4; P Combined = 6.9 × 10-8), a CASP9 expression quantitative trait locus. CONCLUSIONS Our pathway analysis implicates genetic variation within the PI3K/AKT pathway as a source of RCC heritability and identifies several promising novel susceptibility genes, including CASP9, which warrant further investigation. IMPACT Our findings illustrate the value of pathway analysis as a complementary approach to analyzing GWAS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
| | - Lei Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Ghislaine Scélo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Khanh Thai
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Rebecca E Graff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Kai Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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Müller S, Sindikubwabo F, Cañeque T, Lafon A, Versini A, Lombard B, Loew D, Wu TD, Ginestier C, Charafe-Jauffret E, Durand A, Vallot C, Baulande S, Servant N, Rodriguez R. CD44 regulates epigenetic plasticity by mediating iron endocytosis. Nat Chem 2020; 12:929-938. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Arifuzzaman S, Khatun MR, Khatun R. Emerging of lysine demethylases (KDMs): From pathophysiological insights to novel therapeutic opportunities. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110392. [PMID: 32574968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there have been remarkable scientific advancements in the understanding of lysine demethylases (KDMs) because of their demethylation of diverse substrates, including nucleic acids and proteins. Novel structural architectures, physiological roles in the gene expression regulation, and ability to modify protein functions made KDMs the topic of interest in biomedical research. These structural diversities allow them to exert their function either alone or in complex with numerous other bio-macromolecules. Impressive number of studies have demonstrated that KDMs are localized dynamically across the cellular and tissue microenvironment. Their dysregulation is often associated with human diseases, such as cancer, immune disorders, neurological disorders, and developmental abnormalities. Advancements in the knowledge of the underlying biochemistry and disease associations have led to the development of a series of modulators and technical compounds. Given the distinct biophysical and biochemical properties of KDMs, in this review we have focused on advances related to the structure, function, disease association, and therapeutic targeting of KDMs highlighting improvements in both the specificity and efficacy of KDM modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarder Arifuzzaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh; Everest Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh.
| | - Mst Reshma Khatun
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Rabeya Khatun
- Department of Pediatrics, TMSS Medical College and Rafatullah Community Hospital, Gokul, Bogura, 5800, Bangladesh
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Cheng Y, Liu N, Yang C, Jiang J, Zhao J, Zhao G, Chen F, Zhao H, Li Y. MicroRNA-383 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting PHF8. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1272. [PMID: 32441881 PMCID: PMC7434733 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To study the effect of microRNA‐383 (miR‐383) on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and explore its mechanism. Methods The expressions of miR‐383 and plant homology domain that refers to protein 8 (PHF8) were detected in tissues and cells by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) or western blot respectively. The miR‐383 group (transfected miR‐383 mimics), miR‐con group (transfected miR‐con), si‐con group (transfected si‐con), si‐PHF8 group (transfected si‐PHF8), miR‐383 + ctrl group (cotransfected miR‐383 mimics and pcDNA‐3.1), miR‐383 + PHF8 group (cotransfected miR‐383 mimics and pcDNA‐3.1‐PHF8) were transfected into HepG2 cells by liposome method. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were measured by 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) or trans‐well assays respectively. The luciferase activity of each group was detected by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Results Compared with normal adjacent tissues, the expression of miR‐383 was significantly down‐regulated and the expression of PHF8 was significantly up‐regulated (p < .05). Compared with normal hepatocellular cell LO2, the expression of miR‐383 was significantly reduced (p < .05) in HCC cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR‐383 or silencing of PHF8 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. In addition, PHF8 was targeted by miR‐383 and its restoration rescued the inhibitory effect of miR‐383 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Conclusion miR‐383 could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells by targeting PHF8, which will provide a basis for miR‐383 targeted therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - CaiFeng Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiong Jiang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juhui Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fenrong Chen
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongli Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity in Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Dev Cell 2020; 49:361-374. [PMID: 31063755 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 593] [Impact Index Per Article: 148.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversed process, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), are fundamental processes in embryonic development and tissue repair but confer malignant properties to carcinoma cells, including invasive behavior, cancer stem cell activity, and greater resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Understanding the molecular and cellular basis of EMT provides fundamental insights into the etiology of cancer and may, in the long run, lead to new therapeutic strategies. Here, we discuss the regulatory mechanisms and pathological roles of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, with a focus on recent insights into the complexity and dynamics of this phenomenon in cancer.
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Zheng Q, Gao J, Yin P, Wang W, Wang B, Li Y, Zhao C. CD155 contributes to the mesenchymal phenotype of triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:383-394. [PMID: 31830330 PMCID: PMC7004517 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lack molecular targets and have an unfavorable outcome. CD155 is overexpressed in human cancers, but whether it plays a role in TNBC is unexplored. Here we found that CD155 was enriched in both TNBC cell lines and tumor tissues. High CD155 expression was related to poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. CD155 was associated with a mesenchymal phenotype. CD155 knockdown induced a mesenchymal-epithelial transition in TNBC cells, and suppressed TNBC cell migration, invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CD155 cross-talked with oncogenic IL-6/Stat3 and TGF-β/Smad3 pathways. Moreover, CD155 knockdown inhibited TNBC cell growth and survival. Taken together, these data indicate that CD155 contributes to the aggressive behavior of TNBC; targeting CD155 may be beneficial to these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Center of Laboratory Technology and Experimental Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Liu Q, Borcherding NC, Shao P, Maina PK, Zhang W, Qi HH. Contribution of synergism between PHF8 and HER2 signalling to breast cancer development and drug resistance. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102612. [PMID: 31923801 PMCID: PMC7000350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2 plays a critical role in tumourigenesis and is associated with poor prognosis of patients with HER2-positive breast cancers. Although anti-HER2 drugs are beneficial for treating breast cancer, de novo, or acquired resistance often develops. Epigenetic factors are increasingly targeted for therapy; however, such mechanisms that interact with HER2 signalling are poorly understood. METHODS RNA sequencing was performed to identify PHF8 targets downstream of HER2 signalling. CHIP-qPCR were used to investigate how PHF8 regulates HER2 transcription. ELISA determined cytokine secretion. Cell-based assay revealed a feed forward loop in HER2 signalling and then evaluated in vivo. FINDINGS We report the synergistic interplay between histone demethylase PHF8 and HER2 signalling. Specifically, PHF8 levels were elevated in HER2-positive breast cancers and upregulated by HER2. PHF8 functioned as a coactivator that regulated the expression of HER2, markers of the HER2-driven epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cytokines. The HER2-PHF8-IL-6 regulatory axis was active in cell lines and in newly established MMTV-Her2/MMTV-Cre/Phf8fl°x/fl°x mouse models, which revealed the oncogenic function of Phf8 in breast cancer for the first time. Further, the PHF8-IL-6 axis contributed to the resistance to trastuzumab in vitro and may play a critical role in the infiltration of T cells in HER2-driven breast cancers. INTERPRETATION These findings provided informative mechanistic insight into the potential application of PHF8 inhibitors to overcome resistance to anti-HER2 therapies. FUNDING This work was supported by Carver Trust Young Investigator Award (01-224 to H.H.Q); and a Breast Cancer Research Award (to H.H.Q.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Nicholas C Borcherding
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Peng Shao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Peterson K Maina
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0275, USA
| | - Hank H Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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O'Reilly S. Epigenetic modulation as a therapy in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 58:191-196. [PMID: 29579252 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SSc is an autoimmune idiopathic disease in which there is an inflammatory component driving fibrosis. The chief cell involved is the myofibroblast, which when activated secretes copious amounts of extracellular matrix that forms deposits, leading to stiffness and fibrosis. The fibrosis is most prevalent in the skin and lungs. In recent years epigenetic modifications have been uncovered that positively and negatively regulate the genesis of the myofibroblasts and that can be activated and regulated by a variety of cytokines and hormones. The epigenetic contribution to these cells and to SSc is only now really coming to light, and this opens up a new therapeutic target for the disease for which many epigenetic drugs, such as miRNA replacements, are beginning to be developed. This review will examine the epigenetic regulators in the disease and possible targeting of these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven O'Reilly
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon-Tyne, UK
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Liu Q, Borcherding N, Shao P, Cao H, Zhang W, Qi HH. Identification of novel TGF-β regulated genes with pro-migratory roles. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:165537. [PMID: 31449970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays fundamental roles in the development and homeostasis of somatic cells. Dysregulated TGF-β signaling contributes to cancer progression and relapse to therapies by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), enriching cancer stem cells, and promoting immunosuppression. Although many TGF-β-regulated genes have been identified, only a few datasets were obtained by next-generation sequencing. In this study, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis of MCF10A cells and identified 1166 genes that were upregulated and 861 genes that were downregulated by TGF-β. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that focal adhesion and metabolic pathways were the top enriched pathways of the up- and downregulated genes, respectively. Genes in these pathways also possess significant predictive value for renal cancers. Moreover, we confirmed that TGF-β induced expression of MICAL1 and 2, and the histone demethylase, KDM7A, and revealed their regulatory roles on TGF-β-induced cell migration. We also show a critical effect of KDM7A in regulating the acetylation of H3K27 on TGF-β-induced genes. In sum, this study identified novel effectors that mediate the pro-migratory role of TGF-β signaling, paving the way for future studies that investigate the function of MICAL family members in cancer and the novel epigenetic mechanisms downstream TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Peng Shao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Huojun Cao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; School of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hank Heng Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Humphries B, Wang Z, Yang C. MicroRNA Regulation of Epigenetic Modifiers in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E897. [PMID: 31252590 PMCID: PMC6678197 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to the heritable changes in gene expression without a change in the DNA sequence itself. Two of these major changes include aberrant DNA methylation as well as changes to histone modification patterns. Alterations to the epigenome can drive expression of oncogenes and suppression of tumor suppressors, resulting in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. In addition to modifications of the epigenome, microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation is also a hallmark for cancer initiation and metastasis. Advances in our understanding of cancer biology demonstrate that alterations in the epigenome are not only a major cause of miRNA dysregulation in cancer, but that miRNAs themselves also indirectly drive these DNA and histone modifications. More explicitly, recent work has shown that miRNAs can regulate chromatin structure and gene expression by directly targeting key enzymes involved in these processes. This review aims to summarize these research findings specifically in the context of breast cancer. This review also discusses miRNAs as epigenetic biomarkers and as therapeutics, and presents a comprehensive summary of currently validated epigenetic targets in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock Humphries
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; USA.
| | - Zhishan Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
- Center for Research on Environment Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536; USA.
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Epigenetic Reprogramming of TGF-β Signaling in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050726. [PMID: 31137748 PMCID: PMC6563130 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway has a well-documented, context-dependent role in breast cancer development. In normal and premalignant cells, it acts as a tumor suppressor. By contrast, during the malignant phases of breast cancer progression, the TGF-β signaling pathway elicits tumor promoting effects particularly by driving the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which enhances tumor cell migration, invasion and ultimately metastasis to distant organs. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern this dual capacity are being uncovered at multiple molecular levels. This review will focus on recent advances relating to how epigenetic changes such as acetylation and methylation control the outcome of TGF-β signaling and alter the fate of breast cancer cells. In addition, we will highlight how this knowledge can be further exploited to curb tumorigenesis by selective targeting of the TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Leisegang MS, Gu L, Preussner J, Günther S, Hitzel J, Ratiu C, Weigert A, Chen W, Schwarz EC, Looso M, Fork C, Brandes RP. The histone demethylase
PHF
8 facilitates alternative splicing of the histocompatibility antigen
HLA
‐G. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:487-498. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias S. Leisegang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology Medical Faculty Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain Frankfurt Germany
| | - Lunda Gu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology Medical Faculty Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
| | - Jens Preussner
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain Frankfurt Germany
- ECCPS Bioinformatics and Sequencing Facility Max‐Planck‐Institute for Heart and Lung Research Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain Frankfurt Germany
- ECCPS Bioinformatics and Sequencing Facility Max‐Planck‐Institute for Heart and Lung Research Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Juliane Hitzel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology Medical Faculty Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain Frankfurt Germany
| | - Corina Ratiu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology Medical Faculty Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
- Department of Functional Sciences – Pathophysiology “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara Romania
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Faculty of Medicine Institute of Biochemistry I Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
| | - Wei Chen
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain Frankfurt Germany
- Laboratory for Novel Sequencing Technology, Functional and Medical Genomics Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
- Department of Biology Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
| | - Eva C. Schwarz
- Biophysics Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine School of Medicine Saarland University Homburg Germany
| | - Mario Looso
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain Frankfurt Germany
- ECCPS Bioinformatics and Sequencing Facility Max‐Planck‐Institute for Heart and Lung Research Bad Nauheim Germany
| | - Christian Fork
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology Medical Faculty Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain Frankfurt Germany
| | - Ralf P. Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology Medical Faculty Goethe University Frankfurt Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain Frankfurt Germany
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McCann TS, Sobral LM, Self C, Hsieh J, Sechler M, Jedlicka P. Biology and targeting of the Jumonji-domain histone demethylase family in childhood neoplasia: a preclinical overview. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:267-280. [PMID: 30759030 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1580692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulatory control play fundamental roles in developmental morphogenesis, and, as more recently appreciated, are heavily implicated in the onset and progression of neoplastic disease, including cancer. Many epigenetic mechanisms are therapeutically targetable, providing additional incentive for understanding of their contribution to cancer and other types of neoplasia. Areas covered: The Jumonji-domain histone demethylase (JHDM) family exemplifies many of the above traits. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the functions and pharmacologic targeting of JHDMs in cancer and other neoplastic processes, with an emphasis on diseases affecting the pediatric population. Expert opinion: To date, the JHDM family has largely been studied in the context of normal development and adult cancers. In contrast, comparatively few studies have addressed JHDM biology in cancer and other neoplastic diseases of childhood, especially solid (non-hematopoietic) neoplasms. Encouragingly, the few available examples support important roles for JHDMs in pediatric neoplasia, as well as potential roles for JHDM pharmacologic inhibition in disease management. Further investigations of JHDMs in cancer and other types of neoplasia of childhood can be expected to both enlighten disease biology and inform new approaches to improve disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S McCann
- a Department of Pathology , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Lays M Sobral
- a Department of Pathology , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Chelsea Self
- b Department of Pediatrics , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Joseph Hsieh
- c Medical Scientist Training Program , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Marybeth Sechler
- a Department of Pathology , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA.,d Cancer Biology Program , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Paul Jedlicka
- a Department of Pathology , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA.,c Medical Scientist Training Program , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA.,d Cancer Biology Program , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high morbidity and mortality rates, and the number of new cases and deaths from liver cancer are increasing. However, the details of the regulation in HCC remain largely unknown. Plant homeodomain finger protein 8 (PHF8) is a JmjC domain-containing protein. Recently, PHF8 was reported to participate in several types of cancer. However, the biological function and clinical significance of PHF8 in HCC remain unknown. In this study, we investigate the role of PHF8 in HCC growth and metastasis. We used bioinformatics analysis and identified the differentially expressed PHF8 in primary HCC and metastasis HCC. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that PHF8 was expressed higher in human HCC tissues than in corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissues. Silencing PHF8 in HCC cells significantly decreased the cells’ ability of proliferation, migration, invasion, and sphere formation. On the contrary, overexpression of PHF8 promoted these properties. In addition, the analysis in vivo showed that PHF8 overexpression promoted tumor formation and metastasis in nude mice. In the end, the RNA-sequence assay showed that CUL4A is upregulated by the PHF8. Taken together, these results demonstrated that PHF8 was a novel oncogene in HCC, which may contribute to therapeutic approaches aimed at targeting components of the PHF8 and provide new insights into the mechanisms governing the developmental programs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiaozhou People's Hospital, Jiaozhou, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Jiaozhou People's Hospital, Jiaozhou, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Shujie Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiaozhou People's Hospital, Jiaozhou, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Hairong Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaozhou People's Hospital, Jiaozhou, Shandong Province, P.R. China
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Lamadema N, Burr S, Brewer AC. Dynamic regulation of epigenetic demethylation by oxygen availability and cellular redox. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:282-298. [PMID: 30572012 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The chromatin structure of the mammalian genome must facilitate both precisely-controlled DNA replication together with tightly-regulated gene transcription. This necessarily involves complex mechanisms and processes which remain poorly understood. It has long been recognised that the epigenetic landscape becomes established during embryonic development and acts to specify and determine cell fate. In addition, the chromatin structure is highly dynamic and allows for both cellular reprogramming and homeostatic modulation of cell function. In this respect, the functions of epigenetic "erasers", which act to remove covalently-linked epigenetic modifications from DNA and histones are critical. The enzymatic activities of the TET and JmjC protein families have been identified as demethylases which act to remove methyl groups from DNA and histones, respectively. Further, they are characterised as members of the Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily. This provides the intriguing possibility that their enzymatic activities may be modulated by cellular metabolism, oxygen availability and redox-based mechanisms, all of which are likely to display dynamic cell- and tissue-specific patterns of flux. Here we discuss the current evidence for such [O2]- and redox-dependent regulation of the TET and Jmjc demethylases and the potential physiological and pathophysiological functional consequences of such regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermina Lamadema
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Burr
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom
| | - Alison C Brewer
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom.
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41
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Tian Y, Fu X, Li Q, Wang Y, Fan D, Zhou Q, Kuang W, Shen L. MicroRNA‑181 serves an oncogenic role in breast cancer via the inhibition of SPRY4. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5603-5613. [PMID: 30365052 PMCID: PMC6236310 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous microRNAs (miRs) have been implicated in breast cancer; however, the molecular mechanism is not fully understood. The present study examined the function and regulatory mechanism of miR‑181 in breast cancer. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to examine the RNA and protein expression. MTT assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay were conducted to study cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm targeting relationship. The results suggested that the miR‑181 expression levels were significantly higher in breast cancer cell lines and clinical tissue samples. The increased expression of miR‑181 was markedly associated with higher clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. The patients with high miR‑181 expression demonstrated worse prognosis compared with those with a low expression of miR‑181. Small interfering RNA‑induced miR‑181 downregulation significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo. Protein sprouty homolog 4 (SPRY4), downregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, was observed to be a novel target gene of miR‑181. Downregulation of SPRY4 was significantly associated with breast cancer progression in addition to poor prognosis. Knockdown of SPRY4 rescued the inhibitory effects of miR‑181 downregulation on the malignant phenotypes of breast cancer cells. Thus, the present study demonstrated that miR‑181 serves a promoting role in breast cancer at least in part through the inhibition of SPRY4 expression. The present results expand the understanding of the miR‑181/SPRY4 axis' function during for the malignant progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Tian
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Fu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qingling Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Dan Fan
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Weilu Kuang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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42
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Rowbotham SP, Li F, Dost AFM, Louie SM, Marsh BP, Pessina P, Anbarasu CR, Brainson CF, Tuminello SJ, Lieberman A, Ryeom S, Schlaeger TM, Aronow BJ, Watanabe H, Wong KK, Kim CF. H3K9 methyltransferases and demethylases control lung tumor-propagating cells and lung cancer progression. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4559. [PMID: 30455465 PMCID: PMC6242814 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulators are attractive anticancer targets, but the promise of therapeutic strategies inhibiting some of these factors has not been proven in vivo or taken into account tumor cell heterogeneity. Here we show that the histone methyltransferase G9a, reported to be a therapeutic target in many cancers, is a suppressor of aggressive lung tumor-propagating cells (TPCs). Inhibition of G9a drives lung adenocarcinoma cells towards the TPC phenotype by de-repressing genes which regulate the extracellular matrix. Depletion of G9a during tumorigenesis enriches tumors in TPCs and accelerates disease progression metastasis. Depleting histone demethylases represses G9a-regulated genes and TPC phenotypes. Demethylase inhibition impairs lung adenocarcinoma progression in vivo. Therefore, inhibition of G9a is dangerous in certain cancer contexts, and targeting the histone demethylases is a more suitable approach for lung cancer treatment. Understanding cellular context and specific tumor populations is critical when targeting epigenetic regulators in cancer for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Rowbotham
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - F Li
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - A F M Dost
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - S M Louie
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - B P Marsh
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - P Pessina
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - C R Anbarasu
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - C F Brainson
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - S J Tuminello
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - A Lieberman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - S Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - T M Schlaeger
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - B J Aronow
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - H Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - K K Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - C F Kim
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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43
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Zhou W, Gong L, Wu Q, Xing C, Wei B, Chen T, Zhou Y, Yin S, Jiang B, Xie H, Zhou L, Zheng S. PHF8 upregulation contributes to autophagic degradation of E-cadherin, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:215. [PMID: 30180906 PMCID: PMC6122561 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Plant homeodomain finger protein 8 (PHF8) serves an activator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is implicated in various tumors. However, little is known about PHF8 roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and regulating E-cadherin expression. Methods PHF8 expression pattern was investigated by informatic analysis and verified by RT-qPCR and immunochemistry in HCC tissues and cell lines. CCK8, xenograft tumor model, transwell assay, and tandem mCherry-GFP-LC3 fusion protein assay were utilized to assess the effects of PHF8 on proliferation, metastasis and autophagy of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. ChIP, immunoblot analysis, rescue experiments and inhibitor treatment were used to clarify the mechanism by which PHF8 facilitated EMT, metastasis and autophagy. Results PHF8 upregulation was quite prevalent in HCC tissues and closely correlated with worse overall survival and disease-relapse free survival. Furthermore, PHF8-knockdown dramatically suppressed cell growth, migration, invasion and autophagy, and the expression of SNAI1, VIM, N-cadherin and FIP200, and increased E-cadherin level, while PHF8-overexpression led to the opposite results. Additionally, FIP200 augmentation reversed the inhibited effects of PHF8-siliencing on tumor migration, invasion and autophagy. Mechanistically, PHF8 was involved in transcriptionally regulating the expression of SNAI1, VIM and FIP200, rather than N-cadherin and E-cadherin. Noticeably, E-cadherin degradation could be accelerated by PHF8-mediated FIP200-dependent autophagy, a crucial pathway complementary to transcriptional repression of E-cadherin by SNAI1 activation. Conclusion These findings suggested that PHF8 played an oncogenic role in facilitating FIP200-dependent autophagic degradation of E-cadherin, EMT and metastasis in HCC. PHF8 might be a promising target for prevention, treatment and prognostic prediction of HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0890-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhua Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan, China
| | - Qinchuan Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyang Xing
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bajin Wei
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tianchi Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyong Yin
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan, China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Xu X, Bao Z, Liu Y, Jiang K, Zhi T, Wang D, Fan L, Liu N, Ji J. PBX3/MEK/ERK1/2/LIN28/let-7b positive feedback loop enhances mesenchymal phenotype to promote glioblastoma migration and invasion. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:158. [PMID: 30016974 PMCID: PMC6050701 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain invasion by glioblastoma (GBM) determines recurrence and prognosis in patients, which is, in part, attributed to increased mesenchymal transition. Here, we report evidence favoring such a role for the Pre-B-cell leukemia homebox (PBX) family member PBX3. METHODS Western blot, immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and datasets mining were used to determined proteins or genes expression levels. Wound-healing and transwell assays were used to examine the invasive abilities of GBM cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to determine how let-7b regulates PBX3. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and rescue experiments were performed to investigate the involved molecular mechanisms. Orthotopic mouse models were used to assess the role of PBX3 in vivo. RESULTS We found that PBX3 expression levels positively correlated with glioma mesenchymal markers. Ectopic expression of PBX3 promoted invasive phenotypes and triggered the expression of mesenchymal markers, whereas depletion of PBX3 reduced GBM cell invasive abilities and decreased the expression of mesenchymal markers. In addition, inhibition of PBX3 attenuated transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)-induced GBM mesenchymal transition. Mechanistic studies revealed that PBX3 mediated GBM mesenchymal transition through activation of MEK/ERK1/2, leading to increased expression of LIN28 by c-myc. Increased LIN28 inhibited let-7b biogenesis, which then promoted the pro-invasive genes, such as HMGA2 and IL-6. Furthermore, let-7b suppressed PBX3 by directly targeting 3'-UTR of PBX3. Thus, repressed let-7b by PBX3 amplifies PBX3 signaling and forms a positive feedback loop to promote GBM mesenchymal transition. CONCLUSIONS These data highlight the importance of PBX3 as a key driver of mesenchymal transition and potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiupeng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongyuan Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinlong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kuan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yixing People's Hospital, Yixing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongle Zhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Detection of genomic structural variations in Guizhou indigenous pigs and the comparison with other breeds. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194282. [PMID: 29558483 PMCID: PMC5860705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic structural variation (SV) is noticed for the contribution to genetic diversity and phenotypic changes. Guizhou indigenous pig (GZP) has been raised for hundreds of years with many special characteristics. The present paper aimed to uncover the influence of SV on gene polymorphism and the genetic mechanisms of phenotypic traits for GZP. Eighteen GZPs were chosen for resequencing by Illumina sequencing platform. The confident SVs of GZP were called out by both programs of pindel and softSV simultaneously and compared with the SVs deduced from the genomic data of European pig (EUP) and the native pig outside of Guizhou, China (NPOG). A total of 39,166 SVs were detected and covered 27.37 Mb of pig genome. All of 76 SVs were confirmed in GZP pig population by PCR method. The SVs numbers in NPOG and GZP were about 1.8 to 1.9 times higher than that in EUP. And a SV hotspot was found out from the 20 Mb of chromosome X of GZP, which harbored 29 genes and focused on histone modification. More than half of SVs was positioned in the intergenic regions and about one third of SVs in the introns of genes. And we found that SVs tended to locate in genes produced multi-transcripts, in which a positive correlation was found out between the numbers of SV and the gene transcripts. It illustrated that the primary mode of SVs might function on the regulation of gene expression or the transcripts splicing process. A total of 1,628 protein-coding genes were disturbed by 1,956 SVs specific in GZP, in which 93 GZP-specific SV-related genes would lose their functions due to the SV interference and gathered in reproduction ability. Interestingly, the 1,628 protein-coding genes were mainly enriched in estrogen receptor binding, steroid hormone receptor binding, retinoic acid receptor binding, oxytocin signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, axon guidance and cholinergic synapse pathways. It suggested that SV might be a reason for the strong adaptability and low fecundity of GZP, and 51 candidate genes would be useful for the configuration phenotype in Xiang pig breed.
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Ju H, Li Y, Xing X, Miao X, Feng Y, Ren Y, Qin J, Liu D, Chen Z, Yang Z. Manganese-12 acetate suppresses the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in breast cancer cells. Thorac Cancer 2018; 9:353-359. [PMID: 29316252 PMCID: PMC5832475 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and it is of great value to reveal the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer progression and develop new therapeutic targets. METHODS Transwell assay is used to analyze the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Real-time PCR and western blotting assay are applied to detect the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers and the key members of Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. RESULTS Manganese-12 acetate (Mn12Ac) significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Western blotting assay further showed that Mn12Ac significantly upregulated E-cadherin, and downregulated N-cadherin and vimentin. We further found that Mn12Ac reduced the mRNA expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated transcription factors snail, slug, twist1, and ZEB1 using real-time PCR assay. Importantly, we further found that Mn12Ac significantly reduced the Wnt1 and β-catenin protein expressions, and suppressed the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Very interestingly, we also showed that Mn12Ac decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of programmed cell death ligand 1. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggested that Mn12Ac inhibited the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Ju
- School of MedicineKunming UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Yongxia Li
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second WardThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Xiqian Xing
- The First Department of Respiratory MedicineYan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Xisong Miao
- School of MedicineKunming UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Yunping Feng
- School of MedicineKunming UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Yunhui Ren
- School of MedicineKunming UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Jing Qin
- School of MedicineKunming UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Dian Liu
- School of MedicineKunming UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Zihao Chen
- The Graduate SchoolHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Zhaoyu Yang
- School of MedicineKunming UniversityKunmingChina
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Myers TR, Amendola PG, Lussi YC, Salcini AE. JMJD-1.2 controls multiple histone post-translational modifications in germ cells and protects the genome from replication stress. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3765. [PMID: 29491442 PMCID: PMC5830613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications of histones, constitutive components of chromatin, regulate chromatin compaction and control all DNA-based cellular processes. C. elegans JMJD-1.2, a member of the KDM7 family, is a demethylase active towards several lysine residues on Histone 3 (H3), but its contribution in regulating histone methylation in germ cells has not been fully investigated. Here, we show that jmjd-1.2 is expressed abundantly in the germline where it controls the level of histone 3 lysine 9, lysine 23 and lysine 27 di-methylation (H3K9/K23/K27me2) both in mitotic and meiotic cells. Loss of jmjd-1.2 is not associated with major defects in the germ cells in animals grown under normal conditions or after DNA damage induced by UV or ionizing irradiation. However, jmjd-1.2 mutants are more sensitive to replication stress and the progeny of mutant animals exposed to hydroxyurea show increased embryonic lethality and mutational rate, compared to wild-type. Thus, our results suggest a role for jmjd-1.2 in the maintenance of genome integrity after replication stress and emphasize the relevance of the regulation of histone methylation in genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshia R Myers
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Centre for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Pier Giorgio Amendola
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Centre for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Yvonne C Lussi
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Centre for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Anna Elisabetta Salcini
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
- Centre for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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The histone demethylase PHF8 promotes adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia through interaction with the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:981-987. [PMID: 29330049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disorder of lymphoid progenitor cells that is associated with a high risk of relapse and poor prognosis. Thus, novel pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets need to be explored. Histone methylation is one of the most significant chromatin post-translational modifications. Here, we show that the histone demethylase PHF8 is highly expressed in a large number of ALL clinical specimens and that PHF8 expression is associated with ALL progression. PHF8 knockdown inhibits proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of ALL cells in vitro as well as attenuates tumor growth in vivo. PHF8 transcriptionally upregulates MEK1, a key molecule in the MEK/ERK pathway, at least partially by directly binding to its promoter, thereby activating the MEK/ERK pathway. In addition, we found that an inhibitor of the MEK/ERK pathway, PD184352, subsequently suppresses PHF8 expression. Thus, PHF8 forms a positive feedback loop with the MEK/ERK pathway, and PHF8 knockdown enhances the lethality of PD184352 in ALL cells. In conclusion, this study identifies oncogenic functions of PHF8 in adult ALL and suggests a novel epigenetic strategy for disease intervention.
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49
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Liu L, Chen J, Sun L, Xu Y. RhoJ promotes hypoxia induced endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition by activating WDR5 expression. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:3384-3393. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Invention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine,Department of PathophysiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Junliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Invention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine,Department of PathophysiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wuxi College of MedicineJiangnan UniversityJiangsuChina
| | - Lina Sun
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Invention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine,Department of PathophysiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Pathology and PathophysiologySoochow UniversityJiangsuChina
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Invention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine,Department of PathophysiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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Skrypek N, Goossens S, De Smedt E, Vandamme N, Berx G. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: Epigenetic Reprogramming Driving Cellular Plasticity. Trends Genet 2017; 33:943-959. [PMID: 28919019 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in which epithelial cells lose their junctions and polarity to gain a motile mesenchymal phenotype. EMT is essential during embryogenesis and adult physiological processes like wound healing, but is aberrantly activated in pathological conditions like fibrosis and cancer. A series of transcription factors (EMT-inducing transcription factor; EMT-TF) regulate the induction of EMT by repressing the transcription of epithelial genes while activating mesenchymal genes through mechanisms still debated. The nuclear interaction of EMT-TFs with larger protein complexes involved in epigenetic genome modulation has attracted recent attention to explain functions of EMT-TFs during reprogramming and cellular differentiation. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the interplay between epigenetic regulators and EMT transcription factors and how these findings could be used to establish new therapeutic approaches to tackle EMT-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Skrypek
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; These authors contributed equally
| | - Steven Goossens
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; These authors contributed equally
| | - Eva De Smedt
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Niels Vandamme
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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