1
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Negoro S, Hirabayashi T, Iwasaki R, Torii KU, Uchida N. EPFL peptide signalling ensures robust self-pollination success under cool temperature stress by aligning the length of the stamen and pistil. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:451-463. [PMID: 36419209 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Successful sexual reproduction of plants requires temperature-sensitive processes, and temperature stress sometimes causes developmental asynchrony between male and female reproductive tissues. In Arabidopsis thaliana, self-pollination occurs when the stamen and pistil lengths are aligned in a single flower so that pollens at the stamen tip are delivered to the stigma at the pistil tip. Although intercellular signalling acts in several reproduction steps, how signalling molecules, including secreted peptides, contribute to the synchronous growth of reproductive tissues remains limited. Here, we show that the mutant of the secreted peptide EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR LIKE 6 (EPFL6), which shows no phenotypes at a moderate temperature, fails in fruit production at a cool temperature due to insufficient elongation of stamens. EPFL6 is expressed in stamen filaments and promotes filament elongation to achieve the alignment of stamen and pistil lengths at a cool temperature. We also found that, at a moderate temperature, all EPFL6-subfamily genes are required for stamen elongation. Furthermore, we showed that ERECTA (ER), known as a common receptor for EPFL-family peptides, mediates the stamen-pistil growth coordination. Lastly, we provided evidence that modulation of ER activity rescues the reproduction failure caused by insufficient stamen elongation by realigning the stamen and pistil lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Negoro
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomo Hirabayashi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rie Iwasaki
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko U Torii
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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2
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Chen L, Cochran AM, Waite JM, Shirasu K, Bemis SM, Torii KU. Direct attenuation of Arabidopsis ERECTA signalling by a pair of U-box E3 ligases. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:112-127. [PMID: 36539597 PMCID: PMC9873567 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants sense a myriad of signals through cell-surface receptors to coordinate their development and environmental response. The Arabidopsis ERECTA receptor kinase regulates diverse developmental processes via perceiving multiple EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR (EPF)/EPF-LIKE peptide ligands. How the activated ERECTA protein is turned over is unknown. Here we identify two closely related plant U-box ubiquitin E3 ligases, PUB30 and PUB31, as key attenuators of ERECTA signalling for two developmental processes: inflorescence/pedicel growth and stomatal development. Loss-of-function pub30 pub31 mutant plants exhibit extreme inflorescence/pedicel elongation and reduced stomatal numbers owing to excessive ERECTA protein accumulation. Ligand activation of ERECTA leads to phosphorylation of PUB30/31 via BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1), which acts as a coreceptor kinase and a scaffold to promote PUB30/31 to associate with and ubiquitinate ERECTA for eventual degradation. Our work highlights PUB30 and PUB31 as integral components of the ERECTA regulatory circuit that ensure optimal signalling outputs, thereby defining the role for PUB proteins in developmental signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Chen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alicia M Cochran
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jessica M Waite
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- USDA-ARS Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, Wenatchee, WA, USA
| | - Ken Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shannon M Bemis
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Keiko U Torii
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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3
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Chen K, Shi Z, Zhang S, Wang Y, Xia X, Jiang Y, Gull S, Chen L, Guo H, Wu T, Zhang H, Liu J, Kong W. Methylation and Expression of Rice NLR Genes after Low Temperature Stress. Gene 2022; 845:146830. [PMID: 35995119 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are included in most plant disease resistance proteins. Some NLR proteins have been revealed to be induced by the invasion of plant pathogens. DNA methylation is required for adaption to adversity and proper regulation of gene expression in plants. Low temperature stress (LTS) is a restriction factor in rice growth, development and production. Here, we report the methylation and expression of NLR genes in two rice cultivars, i.e., 9311 (an indica rice cultivar sensitive to LTS), and P427 (a japonica cultivar, tolerant to LTS), after LTS. We found that the rice NLR genes were heavily methylated within CG sites at room temperature and low temperature in 9311 and P427, and many rice NLR genes showed DNA methylation alteration after LTS. A great number of rice NLR genes were observed to be responsive to LTS at the transcriptional level. Our observation suggests that the alteration of expression of rice NLR genes was similar but their change in DNA methylation was dynamic between the two rice cultivars after LTS. We identified that more P427 NLR genes reacted to LTS than those of 9311 at the methylation and transcriptional level. The results in this study will be useful for further understanding the transcriptional regulation and potential functions of rice NLR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Zuqi Shi
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shengwei Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xue Xia
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Sadia Gull
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Rice Research Institute, Guizhou Provincial Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, China
| | - Tingkai Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Jinglan Liu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
| | - Weiwen Kong
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
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4
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Lo SF, Chatterjee J, Biswal AK, Liu IL, Chang YP, Chen PJ, Wanchana S, Elmido-Mabilangan A, Nepomuceno RA, Bandyopadhyay A, Hsing YI, Quick WP. Closer vein spacing by ectopic expression of nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat proteins in rice leaves. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:319-335. [PMID: 34837515 PMCID: PMC8850240 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Elevated expression of nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat proteins led to closer vein spacing and higher vein density in rice leaves. To feed the growing global population and mitigate the negative effects of climate change, there is a need to improve the photosynthetic capacity and efficiency of major crops such as rice to enhance grain yield potential. Alterations in internal leaf morphology and cellular architecture are needed to underpin some of these improvements. One of the targets is to generate a "Kranz-like" anatomy in leaves that includes decreased interveinal spacing close to that in C4 plant species. As C4 photosynthesis has evolved from C3 photosynthesis independently in multiple lineages, the genes required to facilitate C4 may already be present in the rice genome. The Taiwan Rice Insertional Mutants (TRIM) population offers the advantage of gain-of-function phenotype trapping, which accelerates the identification of rice gene function. In the present study, we screened the TRIM population to determine the extent to which genetic plasticity can alter vein density (VD) in rice. Close vein spacing mutant 1 (CVS1), identified from a VD screening of approximately 17,000 TRIM lines, conferred heritable high leaf VD. Increased vein number in CVS1 was confirmed to be associated with activated expression of two nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins. Overexpression of the two NB-LRR genes individually in rice recapitulates the high VD phenotype, due mainly to reduced interveinal mesophyll cell (M cell) number, length, bulliform cell size and thus interveinal distance. Our studies demonstrate that the trait of high VD in rice can be achieved by elevated expression of NB-LRR proteins limited to no yield penalty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuen-Fang Lo
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jolly Chatterjee
- C4 Rice Centre, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Akshaya K Biswal
- C4 Rice Centre, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
- Genetic Resources Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Carretera México-Veracruz km. 45, El Batán, Texcoco, CP 56237, México
| | - I-Lun Liu
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Pei Chang
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Jing Chen
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Samart Wanchana
- C4 Rice Centre, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | | | - Robert A Nepomuceno
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines (BIOTECH-UPLB), Los Baños, 4031, Philippines
| | | | - Yue-Ie Hsing
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - William Paul Quick
- C4 Rice Centre, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines.
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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5
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Liu JJ, Xiang Y. Characterization of the western white pine TIR-NBS-LRR ( PmTNL2) gene by transcript profiling and promoter analysis. Genome 2019; 62:477-488. [PMID: 31132323 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2019-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Proteins with nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) have been reported to play important roles in plant disease resistance, growth, and development. However, no comprehensive analysis of this protein family has been performed in conifers. Here we report that the Pinus monticola PmTNL2 gene is a member of the NBS-LRR superfamily. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the PmTNL2 transcript was expressed in a tissue-specific pattern with extensive regulation by various environmental stimuli in western white pine seedlings, suggesting its wide involvement in stress defense and diverse developmental processes. In silico analysis of the PmTNL2 promoter region revealed multiple cis-regulatory elements characterized with potential functions for development-, light-, and stress-regulated transcript expression. Expression patterns were largely confirmed by PmTNL2 promoter-directed reporter gene expression using stable transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Notably, the PmTNL2 promoter activity was highly expressed in shoot apical and floral meristems and was induced strongly with vascular specificity by pathogen infection. Our data has provided a fundamental insight into both expression regulation and putative functions of the PmTNL2 gene in the context of plant growth and development, as well as in responses to environmental stressors. Promoter application as a potential tool for tree improvement was further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Liu
- a Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada
| | - Yu Xiang
- b Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z0, Canada
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6
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Kimura Y, Tasaka M, Torii KU, Uchida N. ERECTA-family genes coordinate stem cell functions between the epidermal and internal layers of the shoot apical meristem. Development 2018; 145:dev.156380. [PMID: 29217754 DOI: 10.1242/dev.156380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal cell layer and the tissues that lie underneath have different intrinsic functions during plant development. The stem cells within the shoot apical meristem (SAM) that give rise to aerial structures are located in the epidermal and internal tissue layers. However, our understanding of how the functions of these stem cells are coordinated across tissue layers so stem cells can behave as a single population remains limited. WUSCHEL (WUS) functions as a master regulator of stem cell activity. Here, we show that loss of function in the ERECTA (ER)-family receptor kinase genes can rescue the mutant phenotype of wus plants (loss of stem cells), as demonstrated by the reinstated expression of a stem cell marker gene in the SAM epidermis. Localized ER expression in the epidermis can suppress the SAM phenotype caused by loss of ER-family activity. Furthermore, the CLAVATA3- and cytokinin-induced outputs, which contribute to stem cell homeostasis, are dysfunctional in a tissue layer-specific manner in ER-family mutants. Collectively, our findings suggest that the ER family plays a role in the coordination of stem cell behavior between different SAM tissue layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kimura
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.,Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Masao Tasaka
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Keiko U Torii
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan .,Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan .,Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
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7
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Zhang Y, Li S, Xue S, Yang S, Huang J, Wang L. Phylogenetic and CRISPR/Cas9 Studies in Deciphering the Evolutionary Trajectory and Phenotypic Impacts of Rice ERECTA Genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:473. [PMID: 29692796 PMCID: PMC5902711 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The ERECTA family genes (ERfs) have been found to play diverse functions in Arabidopsis, including controlling cell proliferation and cell growth, regulating stomata patterning, and responding to various stresses. This wide range of functions has rendered them as a potential candidate for crop improvement. However, information on their functional roles, particularly their morphological impact, in crop genomes, such as rice, is limited. Here, through evolutionary prediction, we first depict the evolutionary trajectory of the ER family, and show that the ER family is actually highly conserved across different species, suggesting that most of their functions may also be observed in other plant species. We then take advantage of the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated nuclease 9) system to assess their morphological impact on one of the most important crops, rice. Loss-of-function mutants of OsER1 and OsER2 display shortened plant stature and reduced panicle size, suggesting they possibly also functioned in regulating cell proliferation and cell growth in rice. In addition to functions similar to that in Arabidopsis, we also find clues that rice ERfs may play unique functional roles. The OsER2 displayed more severe phenotypic changes than OsER1, indicating putative differentiation in their functions. The OsERL might be of essential in its function, and the proper function of all three rice ER genes might be dependent of their genetic background. Future investigations relating to these functions are key to exploiting ERfs in crop development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ju Huang
- *Correspondence: Ju Huang, Long Wang,
| | - Long Wang
- *Correspondence: Ju Huang, Long Wang,
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8
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Blair MW, Cortés AJ, This D. Identification of an ERECTA gene and its drought adaptation associations with wild and cultivated common bean. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 242:250-259. [PMID: 26566842 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we cloned and accessed nucleotide diversity in the common bean ERECTA gene which has been implicated in drought tolerance and stomatal patterning. The homologous gene segment was isolated with degenerate primer and was found to be located on Chromosome 1. The gene had at least one paralog on Chromosome 9 and duplicate copies in soybean for each homolog. ERECTA-like genes were also discovered but the function of these was of less interest due to low similarity with the ERECTA gene from Arabidopsis. The diversity of the 5' end of the large Chr. 1 PvERECTA gene was evaluated in a collection of 145 wild and cultivated common beans that were also characterized by geographic source and drought tolerance, respectively. Our wild population sampled a range of wet to dry habitats, while our cultivated samples were representative of landrace diversity and the patterns of nucleotide variation differed between groups. The 5' region exhibited lower levels of diversity in the cultivated collection, which was indicative of population bottlenecks associated with the domestication process, compared to the wild collection where diversity was associated with ecological differences. We discuss associations of nucleotide diversity at PvERECTA with drought tolerance prediction for the genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Blair
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A. Merritt Blvd., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrés J Cortés
- Evolutionary Biology Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dominique This
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP, CIRAD, TA96/03. Ave Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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9
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Tameshige T, Hirakawa Y, Torii KU, Uchida N. Cell walls as a stage for intercellular communication regulating shoot meristem development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:324. [PMID: 26029226 PMCID: PMC4426712 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Aboveground organs of plants are ultimately derived/generated from the shoot apical meristem (SAM), which is a proliferative tissue located at the apex of the stem. The SAM contains a population of stem cells that provide new cells for organ/tissue formation. The SAM is composed of distinct cell layers and zones with different properties. Primordia of lateral organs develop at the periphery of the SAM. The shoot apex is a dynamic and complex tissue, and as such intercellular communications among cells, layers and zones play significant roles in the coordination of cell proliferation, growth and differentiation to achieve elaborate morphogenesis. Recent findings have highlighted the importance of a number of signaling molecules acting in the cell wall space for the intercellular communication, including classic phytohormones and secretory peptides. Moreover, accumulating evidence has revealed that cell wall properties and their modifying enzymes modulate hormone actions. In this review, we outline how behaviors of signaling molecules and changes of cell wall properties are integrated for the shoot meristem regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Tameshige
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirakawa
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko U. Torii
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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10
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Lee HA, Yeom SI. Plant NB-LRR proteins: tightly regulated sensors in a complex manner. Brief Funct Genomics 2015; 14:233-42. [DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elv012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Liu Z, Cheng Q, Sun Y, Dai H, Song G, Guo Z, Qu X, Jiang D, Liu C, Wang W, Yang D. A SNP in OsMCA1 responding for a plant architecture defect by deactivation of bioactive GA in rice. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 87:17-30. [PMID: 25307286 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture directly affects biomass in higher plants, especially grain yields in agricultural crops. In this study, we characterized a recessive mutant, plant architecture determinant (pad), derived from the Oryza sativa ssp. indica cultivar MH86. The mutant exhibited severe dwarf phenotypes, including shorter and stunted leaves, fewer secondary branches during both the vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Cytological studies revealed that pad mutant growth defects are primarily due to the inhibition of cell expansion. The PAD gene was isolated using a map-based cloning strategy. It encodes a plasma membrane protein OsMCA1 and a SNP responsible for a single amino acid change was found in the mutant. PAD was universally expressed in rice tissues from the vegetative to reproductive growth stages, especially in seedlings, nodes and rachillae. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the most of the genes responding to gibberellin (GA) metabolism were up-regulated in pad mutant internodes. The endogenous GA content measurement revealed that the levels of GA1 were significantly decreased in the third internode of pad mutants. Moreover, a GA response assay suggested that OsMCA1/PAD might be involved in the regulation of GA metabolism and signal transduction. Our results revealed the pad is a loss-of-function mutant of the OsMCA1/PAD, leading to upregulation of genes related to GA deactivation, which decreased bioactive GA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Luojia Hill, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
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12
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Mandel T, Moreau F, Kutsher Y, Fletcher JC, Carles CC, Williams LE. The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity. Development 2014; 141:830-41. [PMID: 24496620 PMCID: PMC3930468 DOI: 10.1242/dev.104687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In plants, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) serves as a reservoir of pluripotent stem cells from which all above ground organs originate. To sustain proper growth, the SAM must maintain homeostasis between the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells and cell recruitment for lateral organ formation. At the core of the network that regulates this homeostasis in Arabidopsis are the WUSCHEL (WUS) transcription factor specifying stem cell fate and the CLAVATA (CLV) ligand-receptor system limiting WUS expression. In this study, we identified the ERECTA (ER) pathway as a second receptor kinase signaling pathway that regulates WUS expression, and therefore shoot apical and floral meristem size, independently of the CLV pathway. We demonstrate that reduction in class III HD-ZIP and ER function together leads to a significant increase in WUS expression, resulting in extremely enlarged shoot meristems and a switch from spiral to whorled vegetative phyllotaxy. We further show that strong upregulation of WUS in the inflorescence meristem leads to ectopic expression of the AGAMOUS homeotic gene to a level that switches cell fate from floral meristem founder cell to carpel founder cell, suggesting an indirect role for ER in regulating floral meristem identity. This work illustrates the delicate balance between stem cell specification and differentiation in the meristem and shows that a shift in this balance leads to abnormal phyllotaxy and to altered reproductive cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Mandel
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12 Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Yaarit Kutsher
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12 Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jennifer C. Fletcher
- Plant Gene Expression Center, USDA-ARS/University of California, Berkeley, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | | | - Leor Eshed Williams
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12 Rehovot 76100, Israel
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13
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Motte H, Vereecke D, Geelen D, Werbrouck S. The molecular path to in vitro shoot regeneration. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:107-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Uchida N, Tasaka M. Regulation of plant vascular stem cells by endodermis-derived EPFL-family peptide hormones and phloem-expressed ERECTA-family receptor kinases. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:5335-43. [PMID: 23881395 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant vasculatures are complex tissues consisting of (pro)cambium, phloem, and xylem. The (pro)cambium serves as vascular stem cells that produce all vascular cells. The Arabidopsis ERECTA (ER) receptor kinase is known to regulate the architecture of inflorescence stems. It was recently reported that the er mutation enhances a vascular phenotype induced by a mutation of TDR/PXY, which plays a significant role in procambial proliferation, suggesting that ER participates in vascular development. However, detailed molecular mechanisms of the ER-dependent vascular regulation are largely unknown. Here, this work found that ER and its paralogue, ER-LIKE1, were redundantly involved in procambial development of inflorescence stems. Interestingly, their activity in the phloem was sufficient for vascular regulation. Furthermore, two endodermis-derived peptide hormones, EPFL4 and EPFL6, were redundantly involved in such regulation. It has been previously reported that EPFL4 and EPFL6 act as ligands of phloem-expressed ER for stem elongation. Therefore, these findings indicate that cell-cell communication between the endodermis and the phloem plays an important role in procambial development as well as stem elongation. Interestingly, similar EPFL-ER modules control two distinct developmental events by slightly changing their components: the EPFL4/6-ER module for stem elongation and the EPFL4/6-ER/ERL1 module for vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Uchida
- WPI-Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
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15
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Shpak ED. Diverse roles of ERECTA family genes in plant development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 55:1238-50. [PMID: 24016315 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Multiple receptor-like kinases (RLKs) enable intercellular communication that coordinates growth and development of plant tissues. ERECTA family receptors (ERfs) are an ancient family of leucine-rich repeat RLKs that in Arabidopsis consists of three genes: ERECTA, ERL1, and ERL2. ERfs sense secreted cysteine-rich peptides from the EPF/EPFL family and transmit the signal through a MAP kinase cascade. This review discusses the functions of ERfs in stomata development, in regulation of longitudinal growth of aboveground organs, during reproductive development, and in the shoot apical meristem. In addition the role of ERECTA in plant responses to biotic and abiotic factors is examined. Elena D. Shpak (Corresponding author).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena D Shpak
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
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de Bossoreille de Ribou S, Douam F, Hamant O, Frohlich MW, Negrutiu I. Plant science and agricultural productivity: why are we hitting the yield ceiling? PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 210:159-76. [PMID: 23849123 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Trends in conventional plant breeding and in biotechnology research are analyzed with a focus on production and productivity of individual organisms. Our growing understanding of the productive/adaptive potential of (crop) plants is a prerequisite to increasing this potential and also its expression under environmental constraints. This review concentrates on growth rate, ribosome activity, and photosynthetic rate to link these key cellular processes to plant productivity. Examples of how they may be integrated in heterosis, organ growth control, and responses to abiotic stresses are presented. The yield components in rice are presented as a model. The ultimate goal of research programs, that concentrate on yield and productivity and integrating the panoply of systems biology tools, is to achieve "low input, high output" agriculture, i.e. shifting from a conventional "productivist" agriculture to an efficient sustainable agriculture. This is of critical, strategic importance, because the extent to which we, both locally and globally, secure and manage the long-term productive potential of plant resources will determine the future of humanity.
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Machida Y, Fukaki H, Araki T. Plant meristems and organogenesis: the new era of plant developmental research. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 54:295-301. [PMID: 23468554 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pct034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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18
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Uchida N, Shimada M, Tasaka M. ERECTA-family receptor kinases regulate stem cell homeostasis via buffering its cytokinin responsiveness in the shoot apical meristem. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 54:343-51. [PMID: 22885615 PMCID: PMC3589826 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcs109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Shoot apical meristems (SAMs), which are maintained at the tips of stems, are indeterminate structures and sources of stem cells from which all aerial organs are ultimately derived. Although mechanisms that regulate the homeostasis of the stem cells have been extensively investigated, identification of further unknown regulators should provide better understanding of the regulation. Here, we report that members of the Arabidopsis ERECTA (ER) receptor kinase family redundantly play a significant role in the regulation of stem cell homeostasis. In wild-type seedlings, the expression of WUSCHEL (WUS), a central regulator of the stem cell population, is stimulated by cytokinin. Interestingly, however, the SAM morphology and the expression of CLAVATA3 (CLV3), which is expressed in stem cells and therefore serves as a stem cell marker, are relatively stable against cytokinin treatment regardless of increased WUS expression. These findings indicate the presence of a mechanism to buffer stem cell homeostasis against an increase in cytokinin. Mutant seedlings lacking all ER-family members, which are expressed in the SAM, show an increase in the stem cell population and also the up-regulation of a cytokinin-responsive gene in the SAM. In this mutant, WUS expression is stimulated by cytokinin treatment as efficiently as in wild-type plants. However, in contrast to wild-type plants, SAM morphology and CLV3 expression respond drastically to cytokinin treatment, suggesting that the buffering mechanism to maintain stem cell homeostasis against an increase in cytokinin is severely impaired in this mutant. We suggest that the ER family regulates stem cell homeostasis via buffering its cytokinin responsiveness in the SAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Uchida
- *Corresponding authors: Naoyuki Uchida, E-mail, ; Fax, +81-743-72-5489, Masao Tasaka, E-mail, ; Fax, +81-743-72-5489
| | | | - Masao Tasaka
- *Corresponding authors: Naoyuki Uchida, E-mail, ; Fax, +81-743-72-5489, Masao Tasaka, E-mail, ; Fax, +81-743-72-5489
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19
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Torii KU. Mix-and-match: ligand-receptor pairs in stomatal development and beyond. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 17:711-9. [PMID: 22819466 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are small valves on the plant epidermis balancing gas exchange and water loss. Stomata are formed according to positional cues. In Arabidopsis, two EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR (EPF) peptides, EPF1 and EPF2, are secreted from stomatal precursors enforcing proper stomatal patterning. Here, I review recent studies revealing the ligand-receptor pairs and revising the previously predicted relations between receptors specifying stomatal patterning: ERECTA-family and TOO MANY MOUTHS (TMM). Furthermore, EPF-LIKE9 (EPFL9/Stomagen) promotes stomatal differentiation from internal tissues. Two EPFL peptides specify inflorescence architecture, a process beyond stomatal development, as ligands for ERECTA. Thus, broadly expressed receptor kinases may regulate multiple developmental processes through perceiving different peptide ligands, each with a specialized expression pattern. TMM in the epidermis may fine-tune multiple EPF/EPFL signals to prevent signal interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko U Torii
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Uchida N, Shimada M, Tasaka M. Modulation of the balance between stem cell proliferation and consumption by ERECTA-family genes. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2012; 7:1506-8. [PMID: 22990445 PMCID: PMC3548882 DOI: 10.4161/psb.22080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells in the vegetative shoot apical meristem proliferate to produce more stem cells (self-renewal) and are simultaneously consumed to form leaf promordia. Therefore, to keep a stable number of stem cells, regulation of the balance between their proliferation and consumption is important. Recently we reported that stem cell population is increased in mutant plants lacking the entire ERECTA (ER) receptor kinase family. Here we describe that loss of function of the entire ER-family causes a decrease in leaf number in spite of the increase in stem cell population. This suggests that stem cell consumption might be decreased in the mutant, and this could be one of reasons why stem cell population appears to be increased. This situation is in sharp contrast to clv3 mutant, which also shows an increase in stem cell population but does not show a decrease in leaf production. We briefly discuss differences between the er-family mutant and the clv3 mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Masao Tasaka
- Correspondence to: Naoyuki Uchida, and Masao Tasaka,
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Regulation of inflorescence architecture by intertissue layer ligand-receptor communication between endodermis and phloem. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:6337-42. [PMID: 22474391 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1117537109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicellular organisms achieve final body shape and size by coordinating cell proliferation, expansion, and differentiation. Loss of function in the Arabidopsis ERECTA (ER) receptor-kinase gene confers characteristic compact inflorescence architecture, but its underlying signaling pathways remain unknown. Here we report that the expression of ER in the phloem is sufficient to rescue compact er inflorescences. We further identified two Epidermal Patterning Factor-like (EPFL) secreted peptide genes, EPFL4 and EPFL6/CHALLAH (CHAL), as redundant, upstream components of ER-mediated inflorescence growth. The expression of EPFL4 or EPFL6 in the endodermis, a layer adjacent to phloem, is sufficient to rescue the er-like inflorescence of epfl4 epfl6 plants. EPFL4 and EPFL6 physically associate with ER in planta. Finally, transcriptome analysis of er and epfl4 epfl6 revealed a potential downstream component as well as a role for plant hormones in EPFL4/6- and ER-mediated inflorescence growth. Our results suggest that intercell layer communication between the endodermis and phloem mediated by peptide ligands and a receptor kinase coordinates proper inflorescence architecture in Arabidopsis.
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Lee JS, Kuroha T, Hnilova M, Khatayevich D, Kanaoka MM, McAbee JM, Sarikaya M, Tamerler C, Torii KU. Direct interaction of ligand-receptor pairs specifying stomatal patterning. Genes Dev 2012; 26:126-36. [PMID: 22241782 DOI: 10.1101/gad.179895.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Valves on the plant epidermis called stomata develop according to positional cues, which likely involve putative ligands (EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTORS [EPFs]) and putative receptors (ERECTA family receptor kinases and TOO MANY MOUTHS [TMM]) in Arabidopsis. Here we report the direct, robust, and saturable binding of bioactive EPF peptides to the ERECTA family. In contrast, TMM exhibits negligible binding to EPF1 but binding to EPF2. The ERECTA family forms receptor homomers in vivo. On the other hand, TMM associates with the ERECTA family but not with itself. While ERECTA family receptor kinases exhibit complex redundancy, blocking ERECTA and ERECTA-LIKE1 (ERL1) signaling confers specific insensitivity to EPF2 and EPF1, respectively. Our results place the ERECTA family as the primary receptors for EPFs with TMM as a signal modulator and establish EPF2-ERECTA and EPF1-ERL1 as ligand-receptor pairs specifying two steps of stomatal development: initiation and spacing divisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Suk Lee
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Uchida N, Tasaka M. Regulation of NB-LRR-type UNI and its related signaling pathway: signaling crosstalk and methodology for quick identification of related factors. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2011; 6:1219-22. [PMID: 21758016 PMCID: PMC3260728 DOI: 10.4161/psb.6.8.16181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Activation of NB-LRR-related UNI proteins by uni-1D mutation, a gain-of-function mutation of the UNI gene, induces some pathogenesis-related responses and also affects morphology through modulation of meristem activities. In a recent study we reported that the uni-1D phenotypes require cooperative action of ERECTA (ER) receptor kinase family members in UNI-expressing cells, suggesting that an intracellular signaling crosstalk between ER-family-dependent and UNI-triggered signaling pathways plays a significant role in the phenotypes. Further we recently succeeded in the establishment of a methodology for rapid identification of factors involved in the UNI function. EMS-induced causal mutations that suppress the uni-1D phenotypes could be identified using whole-genome-sequencing technologies with much less labor compared with the conventional map-based cloning method that is generally time-consuming and labor-intensive. Thus it would be now possible to intensively identify factors that play significant roles in regulation of UNI proteins and/or UNI-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Uchida
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
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Chung K, Tasaka M. RPT2a, a 26S proteasome AAA-ATPase, is Directly Involved in Arabidopsis CC-NBS-LRR Protein uni-1D-Induced Signaling Pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 52:1657-64. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcr099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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