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Liu S, Li Q, Wang H, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Su J, Zou J, Feng P, Zhang A. Exercise as a promising alternative for sciatic nerve injury pain relief: a meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1424050. [PMID: 39144705 PMCID: PMC11323690 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1424050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The efficacy of drug therapies in managing neuropathic pain is constrained by their limited effectiveness and potential for adverse effects. In contrast, exercise has emerged as a promising alternative for pain relief. In this study, we conducted a systematic evaluation of the therapeutic impact of exercise on neuropathic pain resulting from sciatic nerve injury in rodent models. Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were retrieved before April 2024. A series of studies regarding the effect of treadmill, swimming, wheel and other exercises on neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve injury in rats and mice were collected. Using predefined inclusion criteria, two researchers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment utilizing SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies. Statistical analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 and STATA 12.0 analysis software. Results A total of 12 relevant academic sources were included in the analysis of controlled animal studies, with 133 rodents in the exercise group and 135 rodents in the sedentary group. The meta-analysis revealed that exercise was associated with a significant increase in paw withdrawal mechanical threshold [Standard Mean Difference (SMD) = 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28-1.40, p = 0.003] and paw withdrawal thermal latency (SMD = 1.54, 95%CI: 0.93-2.15, p < 0.0001) in rats and mice with sciatic nerve injury. Subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of exercise duration on heterogeneity. The results showed that postoperative exercise duration ≤3 weeks could significantly elevate paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (SMD = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.62-1.46, p < 0.00001). Postoperative exercise duration ≤4 weeks could significantly improve paw withdrawal thermal latency (SMD = 1.93, 95% CI:1.19-2.67, p < 0.00001). Conclusion Exercise represents an effective method for improving mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity resulting from sciatic nerve injury in rodents. Factors such as pain models, the initiation of exercise, the type of exercise, and the species of rodent do not significantly impact the development of exercise-induced hypoalgesia. However, the duration of postoperative exercise plays a crucial role in the onset of exercise-induced hypoalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxin Liu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaiming Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinjun Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengjiu Feng
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Belviranlı M, Okudan N, Sezer T. Exercise Training Alleviates Symptoms and Cognitive Decline in a Reserpine-induced Fibromyalgia Model by Activating Hippocampal PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF Pathway. Neuroscience 2024; 549:145-155. [PMID: 38759912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess, from a behavioral, biochemical, and molecular standpoint, how exercise training affected fibromyalgia (FM) symptoms in a reserpine-induced FM model and to look into the potential involvement of the hippocampal PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway in this process. Reserpine (1 mg kg-1) was subcutaneously injected once daily for three consecutive days and then the rats were exercised for 21 days. Mechanical allodynia was evaluated 1, 11, and 21 days after the last injection. At the end of the exercise training protocol forced swim, open field and Morris water maze tests were performed to assess depression, locomotion and cognition, respectively. Additionally, biochemical and molecular markers related to the pathogenesis of the FM and cognitive functions were measured. Reserpine exposure was associated with a decrease in locomotion, an increase in depression, an increase in mechanical allodynia, and a decrease in spatial learning and memory (p < 0.05). These behavioral abnormalities were found to be correlated with elevated blood cytokine levels, reduced serotonin levels in the prefrontal cortex, and altered PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway in the hippocampus (p < 0.05). Interestingly, exercise training attenuated all the neuropathological changes mentioned above (p < 0.05). These results imply that exercise training restored behavioral, biochemical, and molecular changes against reserpine-induced FM-like symptoms in rats, hence mitigating the behavioral abnormalities linked to pain, depression, and cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaz Belviranlı
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Nilsel Okudan
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Sezer
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Konya, Turkey
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Ruimonte-Crespo J, Plaza-Manzano G, Díaz-Arribas MJ, Navarro-Santana MJ, López-Marcos JJ, Fabero-Garrido R, Seijas-Fernández T, Valera-Calero JA. Aerobic Exercise and Neuropathic Pain: Insights from Animal Models and Implications for Human Therapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3174. [PMID: 38137395 PMCID: PMC10740819 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review explores the complex relationship between aerobic exercise (AE) and neuropathic pain (NP), particularly focusing on peripheral neuropathies of mechanical origin. Pain, a multifaceted phenomenon, significantly impacts functionality and distress. The International Association for the Study of Pain's definition highlights pain's biopsychosocial nature, emphasizing the importance of patient articulation. Neuropathic pain, arising from various underlying processes, presents unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Our methodology involved a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed and SCOPUS databases, focusing on studies relating AE to NP, specifically in peripheral neuropathies caused by mechanical forces. The search yielded 28 articles and 1 book, primarily animal model studies, providing insights into the efficacy of AE in NP management. Results from animal models demonstrate that AE, particularly in forms like no-incline treadmill and swimming, effectively reduces mechanical allodynia and thermal hypersensitivity associated with NP. AE influences neurophysiological mechanisms underlying NP, modulating neurotrophins, cytokines, and glial cell activity. These findings suggest AE's potential in attenuating neurophysiological alterations in NP. However, human model studies are scarce, limiting the direct extrapolation of these findings to human neuropathic conditions. The few available studies indicate AE's potential benefits in peripheral NP, but a lack of specificity in these studies necessitates further research. In conclusion, while animal models show promising results regarding AE's role in mitigating NP symptoms and influencing underlying neurophysiological mechanisms, more human-centric research is required. This review underscores the need for targeted clinical trials to fully understand and harness AE's therapeutic potential in human neuropathic pain, especially of mechanical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ruimonte-Crespo
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Díaz-Arribas
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos José Navarro-Santana
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Javier López-Marcos
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Nebrija University, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Fabero-Garrido
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Tamara Seijas-Fernández
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
| | - Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-C.); (M.J.D.-A.); (M.J.N.-S.); (J.J.L.-M.); (R.F.-G.); (T.S.-F.); (J.A.V.-C.)
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Matesanz-García L, Billerot C, Fundaun J, Schmid AB. Effect of Type and Dose of Exercise on Neuropathic Pain After Experimental Sciatic Nerve Injury: A Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2023; 24:921-938. [PMID: 36690283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This preclinical systematic review aimed to determine the effectiveness of different types and doses of exercise on pain behavior and biomarkers in preclinical models of focal neuropathic pain. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Cochrane library from inception to November 2022 for preclinical studies evaluating the effect of exercise compared to control interventions on neuropathic pain behavior after experimental sciatic nerve injury. If possible, data were meta-analyzed using random effect models with inverse-variance weighting. Thirty-seven studies were included and 26 meta-analyzed. Risk of bias (SYRCLE tool) remained unclear in most studies and reporting quality (CAMARADES) was variable. Exercise reduced mechanical (standardized mean differences [SMD] .53 (95% CI .31, .74), P = .0001, I2 = 0%, n = 364), heat (.32 (.07, .57), P = .01, I2 = 0%, n = 266) and cold hypersensitivity (.51 (.03, 1.0), P = .04, I2 = 0%, n = 90) compared to control interventions. No relationship was apparent between exercise duration or intensity and antinociception. Exercise modulated biomarkers related to different systems (eg, immune system, neurotrophins). Whereas firm conclusions are prevented by the use of male animals only, variable reporting quality and unclear risk of bias in many studies, our results suggest that aerobic exercise is a promising tool in the management of focal neuropathic pain. PERSPECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that aerobic exercise reduces neuropathic pain-related behavior in preclinical models of sciatic nerve injury. This effect is accompanied by changes in biomarkers associated with inflammation and neurotrophins among others. These results could help to develop exercise interventions for patients with neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Matesanz-García
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain; Department of Physiotherapy, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clément Billerot
- Faculty of Biology, Euro-Mediterranean Master in Neurosciences and Biotechnology, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Joel Fundaun
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Annina B Schmid
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Sleijser-Koehorst MLS, Koop MA, Coppieters MW, Lutke Schipholt IJ, Radisic N, Hooijmans CR, Scholten-Peeters GGM. The effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses in animals with traumatic peripheral nerve injury: a systematic review with meta-analyses. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:104. [PMID: 37138291 PMCID: PMC10155410 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing pre-clinical evidence suggests that aerobic exercise positively modulates neuroimmune responses following traumatic nerve injury. However, meta-analyses on neuroimmune outcomes are currently still lacking. This study aimed to synthesize the pre-clinical literature on the effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses following peripheral nerve injury. METHODS MEDLINE (via Pubmed), EMBASE and Web of Science were searched. Controlled experimental studies on the effect of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses in animals with a traumatically induced peripheral neuropathy were considered. Study selection, risk of bias assessment and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Results were analyzed using random effects models and reported as standardized mean differences. Outcome measures were reported per anatomical location and per class of neuro-immune substance. RESULTS The literature search resulted in 14,590 records. Forty studies were included, reporting 139 comparisons of neuroimmune responses at various anatomical locations. All studies had an unclear risk of bias. Compared to non-exercised animals, meta-analyses showed the following main differences in exercised animals: (1) in the affected nerve, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were lower (p = 0.003), while insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (p < 0.001) and Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43) (p = 0.01) levels were higher; (2) At the dorsal root ganglia, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/BDNF mRNA levels (p = 0.004) and nerve growth factor (NGF)/NGF mRNA (p < 0.05) levels were lower; (3) in the spinal cord, BDNF levels (p = 0.006) were lower; at the dorsal horn, microglia (p < 0.001) and astrocyte (p = 0.005) marker levels were lower; at the ventral horn, astrocyte marker levels (p < 0.001) were higher, and several outcomes related to synaptic stripping were favorably altered; (4) brainstem 5-HT2A receptor levels were higher (p = 0.001); (5) in muscles, BDNF levels (p < 0.001) were higher and TNF-α levels lower (p < 0.05); (6) no significant differences were found for systemic neuroimmune responses in blood or serum. CONCLUSION This review revealed widespread positive modulatory effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses following traumatic peripheral nerve injury. These changes are in line with a beneficial influence on pro-inflammatory processes and increased anti-inflammatory responses. Given the small sample sizes and the unclear risk of bias of the studies, results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije L S Sleijser-Koehorst
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Meghan A Koop
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel W Coppieters
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane and Gold Coast, Australia
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane and Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Ivo J Lutke Schipholt
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nemanja Radisic
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn R Hooijmans
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Palliative Care (Meta Research Team), Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gwendolyne G M Scholten-Peeters
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences-Program Musculoskeletal Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Zargani M, Ramirez-Campillo R, Arabzadeh E. Swimming and L-arginine loaded chitosan nanoparticles ameliorates aging-induced neuron atrophy, autophagy marker LC3, GABA and BDNF-TrkB pathway in the spinal cord of rats. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:621-635. [PMID: 36869900 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02795-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with muscle atrophy, and erosion and destruction of neuronal pathways in the spinal cord. The study aim was to assess the effect of swimming training (Sw) and L-arginine loaded chitosan nanoparticles (LA-CNPs) on the sensory and motor neuron population, autophagy marker LC3, total oxidant status/total antioxidant capacity, behavioural test, GABA and BDNF-TrkB pathway in the spinal cord of aging rats. The rats were randomized to five groups: young (8-weeks) control (n = 7), old control (n = 7), old Sw (n = 7), old LA-CNPs (n = 7) and old Sw + LA-CNPs (n = 7). Groups under LA-CNPs supplementation received 500 mg/kg/day. Sw groups performed a swimming exercise programme 5 days per week for 6 weeks. Upon the completion of the interventions the rats were euthanized and the spinal cord was fixed and frozen for histological assessment, IHC, and gene expression analysis. The old group had more atrophy in the spinal cord with higher changes in LC3 as an indicator of autophagy in the spinal cord compared to the young group (p < 0.0001). The old Sw + LA-CNPs group increased (improved) spinal cord GABA (p = 0.0187), BDNF (p = 0.0003), TrkB (p < 0.0001) gene expression, decreased autophagy marker LC3 protein (p < 0.0001), nerve atrophy and jumping/licking latency (p < 0.0001), improved sciatic functional index score and total oxidant status/total antioxidant capacity compared to the old group (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, swimming and LA-CNPs seems to ameliorate aging-induced neuron atrophy, autophagy marker LC3, oxidant-antioxidant status, functional restoration, GABA and BDNF-TrkB pathway in the spinal cord of aging rats. Our study provides experimental evidence for a possible positive role of swimming and L-arginine loaded chitosan nanoparticles to decrease complications of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Zargani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, 7591538, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ehsan Arabzadeh
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Li X, Liu D, Dai Z, You Y, Chen Y, Lei C, Lv Y, Wang Y. Intraperitoneal 5-Azacytidine Alleviates Nerve Injury-Induced Pain in Rats by Modulating DNA Methylation. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2186-2199. [PMID: 36627549 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of DNA methylation in modulating chronic neuropathic pain (NPP), identify possible target genes of DNA methylation involved in this process, and preliminarily confirm the medicinal value of the DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) in NPP by targeting gene methylation. Two rat NPP models, chronic constriction injury (CCI) and spinal nerve ligation (SNL), were used. The DNA methylation profiles in the lumbar spinal cord were assayed using an Arraystar Rat RefSeq Promoter Array. The underlying genes with differential methylation were then identified and submitted to Gene Ontology and pathway analysis. Methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR (MeDIP-qPCR) and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to confirm gene methylation and expression. The protective function of 5-AZA in NPP and gene expression were evaluated via behavioral assays and RT-qPCR, respectively. Analysis of the DNA methylation patterns in the lumbar spinal cord indicated that 1205 differentially methylated fragments in CCI rats were located within DNA promoter regions, including 638 hypermethylated fragments and 567 hypomethylated fragments. The methylation levels of Grm4, Htr4, Adrb2, Kcnf1, Gad2, and Pparg, which are associated with long-term potentiation (LTP) and glutamatergic synapse pathways, were increased with a corresponding decrease in their mRNA expression, in the spinal cords of CCI rats. Moreover, we found that the intraperitoneal injection of 5-AZA (4 mg/kg) attenuated CCI- or SNL-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Finally, the mRNA expression of hypermethylated genes such as Grm4, Htr4, Adrb2, Kcnf1, and Gad2 was reversed after 5-AZA treatment. CCI induced widespread methylation changes in the DNA promoter regions in the lumbar spinal cord. Intraperitoneal 5-AZA alleviated hyperalgesia in CCI and SNL rats, an effect accompanied by the reversed expression of hypermethylated genes. Thus, DNA methylation inhibition represents a promising epigenetic strategy for protection against chronic NPP following nerve injury. Our study lays a theoretical foundation for 5-AZA to become a clinical targeted drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - DeZhao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - ZhiSen Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - YiSheng You
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - ChenXing Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - YouYou Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Kalkan ÖF, Aktaş O, Sürmeneli YE, Alver A, Özcan M, Şahin Z. Does irisin has neuroprotective effect against diabetes induced neuropathy in male rats? Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:439-448. [PMID: 33141621 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1835985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the contribution of irisin in the neuroprotective process of exercise training in diabetic rats. Serum irisin levels, thermal and mechanical pain thresholds and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) levels in sensory neurons were measured at different time intervals during the eight weeks of exercise sessions for the control, non-exercise diabetics (3 groups) and exercise performing (low and high intensity groups) diabetic rats (n = 7-10 for all groups). Non-exercise diabetic groups were treated with irisin in different doses (1, 10 and 20 µg/kg respectively). Recovered pain thresholds at the end of the exercise sessions (p < .05), higher serum irisin levels that compared to control and diabetics (p < .05) and insignificant mean [Ca2+]i peak amplitudes in sensory neurons (p > .05) obtained from experiments. Furthermore, irisin injection decreased the thermal pain threshold of diabetics only at 60th minutes (p < .05). Irisin may have a role in the neuroprotective effect of exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Faruk Kalkan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Osman Aktaş
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yunus Emre Sürmeneli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Alver
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mete Özcan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Zafer Şahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Lai E, Unniappan S. Irisin in domestic animals. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2023; 83:106787. [PMID: 36863302 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Irisin is a 112 amino acid peptide hormone cleaved from the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein. Irisin is highly conserved across vertebrates, suggesting evolutionarily conserved common functions among domestic animals. These functions include the browning of white adipose tissue and increased energy expenditure. Irisin has been detected and studied primarily in plasma, serum, and skeletal muscle, but has also been found in adipose tissue, liver, kidney, lungs, cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, and saliva. This wider tissue presence of irisin suggests additional functions beyond its role as a myokine in regulating energy use. We are beginning to understand irisin in domestic animals. The goal of this review is to provide an up-to-date commentary on irisin structure, tissue distribution, and functions across vertebrates, especially mammals of importance in veterinary medicine. Irisin could be explored as a potential candidate for developing therapeutic agents and biomarkers in domestic animal endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lai
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - S Unniappan
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada.
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Wu SH, Lu IC, Yang SM, Hsieh CF, Chai CY, Tai MH, Huang SH. Spinal Irisin Gene Delivery Attenuates Burn Injury-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Promoting Axonal Myelination and Innervation of Neuromuscular Junctions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415899. [PMID: 36555538 PMCID: PMC9784798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle loss and weakness after a burn injury are typically the consequences of neuronal dysregulation and metabolic change. Hypermetabolism has been noted to cause muscle atrophy. However, the mechanism underlying the development of burn-induced motor neuropathy and its contribution to muscle atrophy warrant elucidation. Current therapeutic interventions for burn-induced motor neuropathy demonstrate moderate efficacy and have side effects, which limit their usage. We previously used a third-degree burn injury rodent model and found that irisin-an exercise-induced myokine-exerts a protective effect against burn injury-induced sensory and motor neuropathy by attenuating neuronal damage in the spinal cord. In the current study, spinal irisin gene delivery was noted to attenuate burn injury-induced sciatic nerve demyelination and reduction of neuromuscular junction innervation. Spinal overexpression of irisin leads to myelination rehabilitation and muscular innervation through the modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor expression along the sciatic nerve to the muscle tissues and thereby modulates the Akt/mTOR pathway and metabolic derangement and prevents muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hua Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - I-Cheng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sun University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fang Hsieh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sun University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sun University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-H.T.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Shu-Hung Huang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-H.T.); (S.-H.H.)
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11
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Wang SY, Chiu CC, Wang JJ, Chen YW, Chou AK, Hung CH. Treadmill workouts alleviate neuropathic allodynia and scratching behavior in rats following thoracotomy. Neurol Res 2022; 44:524-533. [PMID: 35001813 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.2024719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on postthoracotomy pain and the expression of spinal pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. METHODS Animals were randomly distributed into four groups: (a) sham surgery, (b) rats following 60 min thoracotomy and rib retraction (thoracotomy), (c) thoracotomy rats received treadmill training (thoracotomy+treadmill), and (d) sham surgery rats received treadmill training (sham surgery+treadmill). Treadmill workouts were started on postoperative day 10 (POD10) and lasted for 6 weeks (5 days per week). Rats were examined for cold allodynia using acetone and mechanical allodynia using von Frey hairs (in grams) at the surgical site. Spinal pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed on PODs 28 and 49. RESULTS Both thoracotomy and thoracotomy+treadmill groups exhibited a decrease in mechanical force thresholds (g) and an increase in scratches per min on POD10. Mechanical hypersensitivity and incremental scratches lasted from POD14 and POD49 in the thoracotomy group. Although force thresholds and scratches remained not return to baseline, incremental force thresholds (p < 0.001) and diminutive scratches (p < 0.001) occurred after 6-week treadmill workouts. The rise in spinal interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations or the decline in spinal IL-10 concentration in thoracotomy+treadmill rats was less (p < 0.05) than thoracotomy rats without exercise. CONCLUSIONS Mechanical allodynia using von Frey filament testing and cold allodynia by acetone testing were improved in thoracotomy rats after treadmill workouts.. Treadmill exercise restrained excess pro-inflammatory cytokine expression but increased anti-inflammatory cytokine level in a rib retraction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Tzu Hui Institute of Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chi Chiu
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jhi-Joung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan Tainan Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-Kuo Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsia Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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12
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Song G, Zhang WM, Wang YZ, Guo JB, Zheng YL, Yang Z, Su X, Chen YM, Xie Q, Wang XQ. Long Non-coding RNA and mRNA Expression Change in Spinal Dorsal Horn After Exercise in Neuropathic Pain Rats. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:865310. [PMID: 35431794 PMCID: PMC9005956 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.865310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise can help inhibition of neuropathic pain (NP), but the related mechanism remains being explored. In this research, we performed the effect of swimming exercise on the chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats. Compared with CCI group, the mechanical withdrawal threshold of rats in the CCI-Swim group significantly increased on the 21st and 28th day after CCI surgery. Second-generation RNA-sequencing technology was employed to investigate the transcriptomes of spinal dorsal horns in the Sham, CCI, and CCI-Swim groups. On the 28th day post-operation, 306 intersecting long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 173 intersecting mRNAs were observed between the CCI vs Sham group and CCI-Swim vs CCI groups. Then, the biological functions of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the spinal dorsal horn of CCI rats were then analyzed. Taking the results together, this study could provide a novel perspective for the treatment for NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ming Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Zu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Bao Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Li Zheng
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Su
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Meng Chen
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Xie,
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Xue-Qiang Wang,
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13
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Hsieh YL, Yang NP, Chen SF, Lu YL, Yang CC. Early Intervention of Cold-Water Swimming on Functional Recovery and Spinal Pain Modulation Following Brachial Plexus Avulsion in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031178. [PMID: 35163098 PMCID: PMC8835039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) causes peripheral nerve injury complications with motor and sensory dysfunction of the upper limb. Growing evidence has shown an active role played by cold-water swimming (CWS) in alleviating peripheral neuropathic pain and functional recovery. This study examined whether CWS could promote functional recovery and pain modulation through the reduction of neuroinflammation and microglial overactivation in dorsal horn neurons at the early-stage of BPA. After BPA surgery was performed on rats, they were assigned to CWS or sham training for 5 min twice a day for two weeks. Functional behavioral responses were tested before and after BPA surgery, and each week during training. Results after the two-week training program showed significant improvements in BPA-induced motor and sensory loss (p < 0.05), lower inflammatory cell infiltration, and vacuole formation in injured nerves among the BPA-CWS group. Moreover, BPA significantly increased the expression of SP and IBA1 in dorsal horn neurons (p < 0.05), whereas CWS prevented their overexpression in the BPA-CWS group. The present findings evidenced beneficial rehabilitative effects of CWS on functional recovery and pain modulation at early-stage BPA. The beneficial effects are partially related to inflammatory suppression and spinal modulation. The synergistic role of CWS combined with other management approaches merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22053366 (ext. 7312)
| | - Nian-Pu Yang
- Kao-An Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Taichung 40763, Taiwan; (N.-P.Y.); (S.-F.C.); (C.-C.Y.)
| | - Shih-Fong Chen
- Kao-An Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Taichung 40763, Taiwan; (N.-P.Y.); (S.-F.C.); (C.-C.Y.)
| | - Yu-Lin Lu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Chia Yang
- Kao-An Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Taichung 40763, Taiwan; (N.-P.Y.); (S.-F.C.); (C.-C.Y.)
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Verdú E, Homs J, Boadas-Vaello P. Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13333. [PMID: 34948944 PMCID: PMC8705491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle is associated with overweight/obesity, which involves excessive fat body accumulation, triggering structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems. Research shows that this fat accumulation is responsible for several comorbidities, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and metabolic dysfunctions, as well as pathological pain behaviors. These health concerns are related to the crosstalk between adipose tissue and body systems, leading to pathophysiological changes to the latter. To deal with these health issues, it has been suggested that physical exercise may reverse part of these obesity-related pathologies by modulating the cross talk between the adipose tissue and body systems. In this context, this review was carried out to provide knowledge about (i) the structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems from accumulation of fat in obesity, emphasizing the crosstalk between fat and body tissues; (ii) the crosstalk between fat and body tissues triggering pain; and (iii) the effects of physical exercise on body tissues and organs in obese and non-obese subjects, and their impact on pathological pain. This information may help one to better understand this crosstalk and the factors involved, and it could be useful in designing more specific training interventions (according to the nature of the comorbidity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Verdú
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Judit Homs
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Department of Physical Therapy, EUSES-University of Girona, 17190 Salt, Spain
| | - Pere Boadas-Vaello
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
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15
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Comparative Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Changes of microRNAs Response to Exercise in Rats with Neuropathic Pain. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:5597139. [PMID: 34394340 PMCID: PMC8356008 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5597139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence showing that exercise therapy may play an active role in peripheral neuropathic pain (NP), but its mechanism is still unclear. Studies have found that microRNAs (miRNAs) may play a role in NP by regulating pain-related target genes. Therefore, we aimed to explore the changes of miRNA and mRNA of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) after NP in response to exercise with transcriptome technology. The chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was established, and rats were randomly allocated into three groups, namely, the sham-operated, CCI, and CCI-exercised groups. L4-L6 DRG tissue was taken for RNA-sequencing, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined through bioinformatics analysis. Real-time PCR was used to confirm the accuracy. A total of 4 overlapping differentially expressed miRNAs and 186 overlapping differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the two comparisons of the sham-operated group versus the CCI group and the CCI group versus the CCI-exercised group. Among these DEGs, miR-145-5p, miR-341, miR-300-5p, miR-653-5p, Atf3, Cacna2d1, Gal, and Ctss related to NP were validated by real-time PCR. DEGs between the CCI and CCI-exercised groups were enriched in HIF-1 signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, and neurotrophin signaling pathway. This study provides an understanding of the adaptive mechanisms after exercise of NP, and these DEGs in DRG might play a role in NP by stimulating the enriched pathways.
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16
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Li X, Wang Q, Ding J, Wang S, Dong C, Wu Q. Exercise training modulates glutamic acid decarboxylase-65/67 expression through TrkB signaling to ameliorate neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920924511. [PMID: 32418502 PMCID: PMC7235678 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920924511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is one of the most frequently stated complications after spinal cord injury. In post-spinal cord injury, the decrease of gamma aminobutyric acid synthesis within the distal spinal cord is one of the main causes of neuropathic pain. The predominant research question of this study was whether exercise training may promote the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 and glutamic acid decarboxylase-67, which are key enzymes of gamma aminobutyric acid synthesis, within the distal spinal cord through tropomyosin-related kinase B signaling, as its synthesis assists to relieve neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Animal experiment was conducted, and all rats were allocated into five groups: Sham group, SCI/PBS group, SCI-TT/PBS group, SCI/tropomyosin-related kinase B-IgG group, and SCI-TT/tropomyosin-related kinase B-IgG group, and then T10 contusion SCI model was performed as well as the tropomyosin-related kinase B-IgG was used to block the tropomyosin-related kinase B activation. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds and thermal withdrawal latencies were used for assessing pain-related behaviors. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tropomyosin-related kinase B, CREB, p-REB, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, and glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 within the distal spinal cord. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the distribution of CREB, p-CREB, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, and glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 within the distal spinal cord dorsal horn. The results showed that exercise training could significantly mitigate the mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in post-spinal cord injury and increase the synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tropomyosin-related kinase B, CREB, p-CREB, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, and glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 within the distal spinal cord. After the tropomyosin-related kinase B signaling was blocked, the analgesic effect of exercise training was inhibited, and in the SCI-TT/tropomyosin-related kinase B-IgG group, the synthesis of CREB, p-CREB, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, and glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 within the distal spinal cord were also significantly reduced compared with the SCI-TT/PBS group. This study shows that exercise training may increase the glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 and glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 expression within the spinal cord dorsal horn through the tropomyosin-related kinase B signaling, and this mechanism may play a vital role in relieving the neuropathic pain of rats caused by incomplete SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhe Li
- Rehabilitation Medical Center, the Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- Departments of Respiratory Care, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Rehabilitation Medical Center, the Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanming Dong
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinfeng Wu
- Rehabilitation Medical Center, the Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Bilchak JN, Caron G, Côté MP. Exercise-Induced Plasticity in Signaling Pathways Involved in Motor Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094858. [PMID: 34064332 PMCID: PMC8124911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to numerous chronic and debilitating functional deficits that greatly affect quality of life. While many pharmacological interventions have been explored, the current unsurpassed therapy for most SCI sequalae is exercise. Exercise has an expansive influence on peripheral health and function, and by activating the relevant neural pathways, exercise also ameliorates numerous disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). While the exact mechanisms by which this occurs are still being delineated, major strides have been made in the past decade to understand the molecular underpinnings of this essential treatment. Exercise rapidly and prominently affects dendritic sprouting, synaptic connections, neurotransmitter production and regulation, and ionic homeostasis, with recent literature implicating an exercise-induced increase in neurotrophins as the cornerstone that binds many of these effects together. The field encompasses vast complexity, and as the data accumulate, disentangling these molecular pathways and how they interact will facilitate the optimization of intervention strategies and improve quality of life for individuals affected by SCI. This review describes the known molecular effects of exercise and how they alter the CNS to pacify the injury environment, increase neuronal survival and regeneration, restore normal neural excitability, create new functional circuits, and ultimately improve motor function following SCI.
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Cho YH, Kim JE, Seo TB. Effect of treadmill exercise on pain-related Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in dorsal root ganglion neurons at the early phase regeneration of the injured sciatic nerve. J Exerc Rehabil 2021; 17:96-102. [PMID: 34012935 PMCID: PMC8103182 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2142136.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether treadmill walking exercise can improve mechanical allodynia through regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons at the early stage of regeneration after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats were divided into seven groups: the normal control, sedentary groups for 3-, 7-, and 14-day post crush (dpc), and exercise group for 3, 7, and 14 dpc. The rats in exercise groups performed treadmill walking exercise at a speed of 8 m/min for 20 min once a day according to experiment duration. For evaluating neuropathic pain-like behavior after SNI, the mechanical allodynia was examined by von Frey apparatus. And the expression levels of pain-related protein were identified in the cytoplasm or nucleus of DRG neurons using Western blot techniques. Mechanical allodynia was significantly ameliorated in the exercise group at 7 and 14 dpc. Treadmill exercise further decreased Wnt3a expression at 3, 7, and 14 dpc compared to in the sedentary group. Also, phosphorylated-low-density lipoprotein receptor 6 was decreased in exercise groups at 3 and 14 dpc. Beta-catenin was significantly decreased in exercise groups at 3 and 14 dpc compared to sedentary groups as well as treadmill exercise decreased translocation of β-catenin towards the nucleus of DRG neurons at 14 dpc. Our findings indicate that treadmill walking exercise may be an important regulator of neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury through delayed Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in DRG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Hyun Cho
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Tae-Beom Seo
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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A brief overview about the physiology of fibronectin type III domain-containing 5. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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20
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Huang SH, Yang SM, Lo JJ, Wu SH, Tai MH. Irisin Gene Delivery Ameliorates Burn-Induced Sensory and Motor Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207798. [PMID: 33096842 PMCID: PMC7589574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Burn-related neuropathy is common and often involves pain, paresthesia, or muscle weakness. Irisin, an exercise-induced myokine after cleavage from its membrane precursor fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 (FNDC5), exhibits neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. A rat model of third-degree burn on the right hind paw was used to investigate the therapeutic role of irisin/FNDC5. Rats received burn injury and were treated with intrathecal recombinant adenovirus containing the irisin sequence (Ad-irisin) at 3 weeks postburn. One week later, mechanical allodynia was examined. The expression of irisin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was detected. Ipsilateral gastrocnemius muscle and lumbar spinal cord were also obtained for further investigation. Furthermore, the anti-apoptotic effect of recombinant irisin in SH-SY5Y cells was evaluated through tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) stimulus to mimic burn injury. We noted intrathecal Ad-irisin attenuated pain sensitization and gastrocnemius muscle atrophy by modulating the level of irisin in CSF, and the expression of neuronal FNDC5/irisin and TNFα in the spinal cord. Ad-irisin also ameliorated neuronal apoptosis in both dorsal and ventral horns. Furthermore, recombinant irisin attenuated TNFα-induced SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis. In summary, irisin attenuated allodynia and muscle wasting by ameliorating neuroinflammation-induced neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hung Huang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sun University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Jing-Jou Lo
- Department of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Hua Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-H.W.); (M.-H.T.)
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sun University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (S.-H.W.); (M.-H.T.)
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21
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Barzroodi Pour M, Bayat M, Golab F, Eftekharzadeh M, Katebi M, Soleimani M, Karimzadeh F. The effect of exercise on GABA signaling pathway in the model of chemically induced seizures. Life Sci 2019; 232:116667. [PMID: 31326567 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) imbalance plays a critical role in most neurological disorders including epilepsy. This study assessed the involvement of mild exercise on GABA imbalance following by seizure induction in rats. MAIN METHODS Seizure was induced by pentylentetrazole (PTZ) injection. Animals were divided into sham, seizure, exercise (EX), co-seizure-induced exercise (Co-SI EX) and Pre-SI EX groups. In the Co-SI EX group, doing exercise and seizure induction was carried out during four weeks. Animals in the Pre-SI EX group exercised in week 1 to week 8 and seizures were induced in week 5 to week 8. Seizure properties, neural viability and expressions of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and GABAA receptor α1 in the hippocampus were assessed. KEY FINDINGS Seizure severity reduced and latency increased in the Co-SI EX and Pre-SI EX groups compared to seizure group. The mean number of dark neurons decreased in all exercise groups compared to seizure group in both CA1 and CA3 areas. The gene level of GAD65 and GABAA receptor α1 was highly expressed in the Co-SI EX group in the hippocampal area. Distribution of GAD65 in the both CA1 and CA3 areas increased in the EX and Co-SI EX groups. GABAA receptor α1 was up-regulated in the CA3 area of Co-SI EX group and down-regulated in the CA1 and CA3 areas of Pre-SI EX group. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that exercise develop anti-epileptic as well as neuroprotective effects by modulating of GABA disinhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Barzroodi Pour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Bayat
- Department of Anatomy, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Freshteh Golab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Eftekharzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Katebi
- Department of Anatomy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fariba Karimzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Guo JB, Chen BL, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Song G, Yang Z, Zheng YL, Wang XQ, Chen PJ. Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Exercise on Neuropathic Pain Induced by Peripheral Nerve Injury in Rat Models. Front Neurol 2019; 10:636. [PMID: 31258512 PMCID: PMC6587136 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is accumulating evidence showing that exercise therapy may play an active role in peripheral neuropathic pain (NP). However, there have been no meta-analysis to investigate the effects of exercise on NP induced by peripheral nerve injury in rat models. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 2019. A random-effect model was implemented to provide effect estimates for pain-related behavioral test outcome. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Fourteen studies were included. For the mechanical withdrawal threshold, rats in the exercised group exhibited significantly higher thresholds than those in the control group, with a MD of 0.91 (95% CI 0.11–1.71), 3.11 (95% CI 1.56–4.66), 3.48 (95% CI 2.70–4.26), 4.16 (95% CI 2.53–5.79), and 5.58 (95% CI 3.44–7.73) at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks, respectively. Additionally, thermal withdrawal latency increased in the exercised group compared with the control group, with a MD of 2.48 (95% CI 0.59–4.38), 3.57 (95% CI 2.10–5.05), 3.92 (95% CI 2.82–5.03), and 2.84 (95% CI 1.29–4.39) at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, respectively. Subgroup analyses were performed for pain models, exercise start point, exercise forms, and duration, which decreased heterogeneity to some extent. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that exercise provoked an increase in mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency in animal NP models. Exercise therapy may be a promising non-pharmacologic therapy to prevent the development of NP. Further, preclinical studies focused on improving experiment design and reporting are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bao Guo
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Lin Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Li Zheng
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Jie Chen
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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