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Keratiotis G, Spineli L, De Bruyne MAA, De Moor RJG, Meire MA. A 22-year follow-up cross-sectional study on periapical health in relation to the quality of root canal treatment in a Belgian population. Int Endod J 2024; 57:533-548. [PMID: 38314902 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and the technical standard of root canal treatment in a Belgian population, assess the association of different variables with periapical status, and compare the results to a similar study conducted 22 years previously. METHODOLOGY In this cross-sectional study, 614 panoramic radiographs of first-time adult attendees at the Dental School of the University Hospital of Ghent were examined. Recorded patient-level parameters included gender, age, number of teeth, number of root filled teeth, presence of any AP lesion, and number of implants. The following tooth-level data were collected: tooth presence, coronal status, quality of coronal restoration, post presence, type of root-filling material, length and density of root filling, root-end filling material, presence of AP, and adjacent implant. Multivariable multilevel binary logistic regression was used to explore the association between patient and tooth characteristics and AP prevalence. Risk differences and confidence intervals were calculated to compare the present with the previous study. RESULTS The prevalence of AP at patient and tooth level was 46.9% and 5.6%, respectively. Fifty-one per cent of the 614 patients had at least one root filled tooth, and 5.9% of the 14 655 teeth studied were root filled. AP was found in 45% of root filled teeth. Fifty-four per cent of the root-filled teeth were rated as inadequate. Multivariable multilevel logistic regression revealed that more teeth, more implants, fewer root-filled teeth, adequate density, adequate coronal restoration, and no caries reduced the likelihood of AP. There were no statistically significant differences between the two studies regarding the prevalence of root-filled teeth or AP and the technical quality of root canal treatment. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of AP and the technical quality of root canal treatment in Belgium have not substantially changed over the last 22 years, despite the technological advancements and continuing education in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Keratiotis
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Endodontology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Loukia Spineli
- Midwifery Research and Education Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mieke A A De Bruyne
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Endodontology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roeland J G De Moor
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Endodontology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maarten A Meire
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Endodontology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Ganbavale S, Papachristou E, Mathers J, Papacosta A, Lennon L, Whincup P, Wannamethee S, Ramsay S. Neighborhood Deprivation and Changes in Oral Health in Older Age: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study. J Dent Res 2024; 103:434-441. [PMID: 38414259 PMCID: PMC10966931 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231224337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the extent to which neighborhood-level socioeconomic factors (objective and perceived) are associated with poor oral health in older adults over time, independent of individual socioeconomic position. Data for this cross-sectional and longitudinal observation study came from a socially and geographically representative cohort of men aged 71 to 92 y in 2010-12 (n = 1,622), drawn from British general practices, which was followed up in 2018-19 (aged 78-98 y; N = 667). Dental measures at both times included number of teeth, periodontal pocket depth, self-rated oral health, and dry mouth. Neighborhood deprivation was based on Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) and a cumulative index measuring perceptions about local environment. Individual-level socioeconomic position was based on longest-held occupation. Multilevel and multivariate logistic regressions, adjusted for relevant sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related factors, were performed to examine the relationships of dental measures with IMD and perceived neighborhood quality index, respectively. Cross-sectionally, risks of tooth loss, periodontal pockets, and dry mouth increased from IMD quintiles 1 to 5 (least to most deprived); odds ratios (ORs) for quintile 5 were 2.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-3.51), 2.82 (95% CI, 1.72-4.64), and 1.51 (95% CI, 1.08-2.09), respectively, after adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related factors. Risks of increased pocket depth and dry mouth were significantly greater in quintile 5 (highest problems) of perceived neighborhood quality index compared to quintile 1. Over the 8-y follow-up, deterioration of dentition (tooth loss) was significantly higher in the most deprived IMD quintiles after full adjustment (OR for quintile 5 = 2.32; 95% CI, 1.09-4.89). Deterioration of dentition and dry mouth were significantly greater in quintile 5 of perceived neighborhood quality index. Neighborhood-level factors were associated with poor oral health in older age, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, particularly with tooth loss, and dry mouth, independent of individual-level socioeconomic position.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.G. Ganbavale
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, North East England, UK
| | - E. Papachristou
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - J.C. Mathers
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, North East England, UK
| | - A.O. Papacosta
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - L.T. Lennon
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - P.H. Whincup
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - S.G. Wannamethee
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - S.E. Ramsay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, North East England, UK
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3
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Almajed OS, Aljouie AA, Alharbi MS, Alsulaimi LM. The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Pediatric Oral Health: A Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e53567. [PMID: 38445162 PMCID: PMC10914081 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This narrative review examines the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on pediatric oral health, emphasizing disparities in dental caries prevalence and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Utilizing an extensive literature search through PubMed, Google Scholar, and the chat.consensus.app plugin, we synthesized findings from studies published up to December 2023. The review highlights a consistent association between lower SES and adverse pediatric oral health outcomes, influenced by parental education, household income, food security, and neighborhood conditions. It also underscores the importance of the life-course perspective, showing how early-life socioeconomic disadvantages can have long-lasting effects on oral health. Furthermore, the review points to the critical role of school-based oral health education programs and the complex interplay between mental health, SES, and pediatric oral health. By examining the impact of socioeconomic factors across different childhood stages and the effectiveness of educational interventions, this review calls for targeted interventions and policy initiatives aimed at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in pediatric oral health. The findings advocate for a multifaceted approach to improve oral health outcomes for children across socioeconomic backgrounds, ensuring equitable access to oral health care and promoting overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar S Almajed
- Pediatric Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
- Dental Public Health, King's College London, London, GBR
| | - Alhareth A Aljouie
- Pediatric Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Mayar S Alharbi
- Pediatric Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Leenah M Alsulaimi
- Pediatric Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
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4
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Tepox-Puga SM, Rocha-Ortiz JA, Medina-Solís CE, Castrejón-Pérez RC, Sánchez-García S, Borges-Yáñez SA. Prevalence, and Risk Indicators of Coronal and Root Caries in Mexican Older Adults in Nursing Homes. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:333-347. [PMID: 38107875 PMCID: PMC10723588 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s439342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several factors are associated with coronal and root caries in older persons. The purpose of this study was to determine the experience, prevalence, and risk indicators (socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and dental variables) of coronal and root caries in older persons residing in nursing homes in Mexico. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in 227 dentate participants with natural teeth. Convenience sample, where all dentate residents were invited to participate. The dependent variables were coronal caries and root caries, which were determined through an oral clinical examination. The independent variables were sociodemographic factors, location, type of center, surfaces free of dental biofilm and calculus, surfaces with recession, retainers in contact with surfaces with recession, xerostomia, smoking, and the previous use of dental services. The binary logistic regression model was used in the analysis. Results The mean age of the participants in this study was 77.7±8.8 years, and 69.2% were women. Moreover, 71.8% live in long-term care facilities, and 48.0% live in Mexico City. The prevalence of coronal and root caries was found to be 67.8% and 50.7%, respectively. Being male and living in Mexico City were risk indicators for coronal caries, and with a 1% increase in surfaces with no biofilm, the risk decreased by 2%. Being widowed, having government or no social security, denture retainers, and coronal caries were risk indicators for root caries, while the utilization of dental services indicated lower risk. Conclusion Several variables that differ in nature were found to be risk indicators for coronal and root caries. Coronal caries increases the risk of root caries. Prevention should be aimed at identifying persons at higher risk, and dental care should be improved for persons living in long-term care institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Mexico
| | - Roberto Carlos Castrejón-Pérez
- Department of Geriatric Clinical and Epidemiological Research, National Institute of Geriatrics, National Institutes of Health, México City, México
| | - Sergio Sánchez-García
- Epidemiological and Health Services Research Unit, Aging Area, National Medical Center “Siglo XXI”, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Socorro Aída Borges-Yáñez
- Department of Dental Public Health, Graduate and Research Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, México City, Mexico
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5
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Tung HJ, Ford R. Incident edentulism and number of comorbidities among middle-aged and older Americans. Gerodontology 2023; 40:484-490. [PMID: 36708102 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Certain chronic non-communicable diseases have been associated with the loss of all natural permanent teeth, referred to as edentulism. It has been suggested that edentulism, a chronic dental state, involving the loss of all teeth and poorer masticatory efficiency, could be associated with multiple chronic conditions as people age. In this study, we describe the association between the number of comorbidities and incident edentulism in a representative sample of older Americans. METHODS We took data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Dentate participants aged 50 or older at the baseline of 2006 (N = 13 221) and 2012 (N = 13 938) were linked to their dentate and survival status at the follow-up interviews in 2012 and 2018, respectively. The association between the number of comorbidities and incident edentulism was investigated by using multinomial logistic regression models. RESULTS Over the two observation periods, the number of selected chronic conditions was predictive of edentulism 6 years later. A 10% higher chance of becoming edentulous by 2012 (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.20) was found for every additional comorbid condition to those who remained dentate in 2012. A similar association was identified for the 2012-2018 period. CONCLUSION Among older adults, the number of comorbidities was predictive of incident edentulism, and the same association pattern was found across two longitudinal study periods. Older adults with an increase in the number of comorbidities may experience a higher chance of tooth loss later in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jui Tung
- Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
| | - Randall Ford
- Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
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Leal MDCF, Castro MML, Sosthenes MCK. Updating The General Practitioner on The Association Between Teeth Loss and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:296-309. [PMID: 36574784 PMCID: PMC10424267 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The belief about a possible association between the absence of one or more teeth and the presence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), although old, is still present among the dental class. Although evidence points to a lack of association between loss of posterior support and the presence of TMD, we do not have critical studies on the extent, quantity, or location of these losses. In this sense, this systematic review aims to investigate the association between tooth loss and the presence of TMD signs or diagnostic subgroups. Search strategies using a combination of keywords tooth loss and TMDs were performed in six databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Livivo, Lilacs, and Scopus) and gray literature from August to September 2020. Observational studies that investigated the association between tooth loss in TMD were considered. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Assessment Checklist for cross-sectional analytical studies, case-control, and cohort studies. Finally, the level of certainty measured by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was assessed. Six articles were included in the review according to the eligibility criteria. Of these, five had a high risk of bias and one had a moderate risk. Only one study showed an association between the loss of posterior teeth and the presence of joint sounds and joint pain, the others found no significant association with sign or TMD subgroups diagnostic.There is no scientific evidence to support the association between one or more tooth loss and the presence of TMD signs and symptoms or diagnostic subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília da Cunha Feio Leal
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de
Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal
do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Micaele Maria Lopes Castro
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de
Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal
do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Márcia Consentino Kronka Sosthenes
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de
Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal
do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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7
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López AN, Mutis MJ, Morón EM, Beltrán-Aguilar ED, Borrell LN. Oral health inequities: Recommended public policies to achieve health equity. J Dent Educ 2022; 86:1242-1248. [PMID: 36165261 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the United States (US), racial and ethnic minority populations experience poorer oral health than the general population. Social and commercial determinants of health embedded in structural and institutional racism and/or discrimination generate and exacerbate oral health inequities. We provide examples of oral health disparities (including oral health status and workforce issues) among selected racial and ethnic minority groups in the US. In addition, we compiled four priority areas based on research over the last two decades to guide actions to improve oral health equity. These four priority areas aim to improve health care models, interventions, and policies to help close gaps and reduce disparities in oral health and access to dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana N López
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Martha J Mutis
- National Chair of Research Initiative, Hispanic Dental Association, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elías M Morón
- Nova Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine, Davie, Florida, USA
| | | | - Luisa N Borrell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
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8
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Khajavi A, Radvar M, Moeintaghavi A. Socioeconomic determinants of periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2022; 90:13-44. [PMID: 35950737 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Khajavi
- Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Radvar
- Department of Periodontology, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Moeintaghavi
- Department of Periodontology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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9
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Systematic Review of the Literature on Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease in Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Individuals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312360. [PMID: 34886085 PMCID: PMC8656978 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries and periodontal disease represent a health problem and a social cost for the entire population, and in particular for socio-economically disadvantaged individuals who are less resistant to disease. The aim of this review is to estimate the prevalence and severity of the two dental pathologies, caries and periodontal disease, in the different classes of socio-economically disadvantaged subjects and to understand which of them are most affected. A systematic search of the literature was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and Web of Science after establishing a suitable search strategy for each database, using keywords related to socio-economically vulnerable classes and health outcomes. Socio-economically disadvantaged individuals are more susceptible to tooth decay and periodontal disease (with relative tooth loss) than non-vulnerable people. Additionally, when multiple vulnerabilities are combined in the same subject, these oral diseases worsen. There is no type of vulnerability more affected by caries and periodontitis than others, since overall they all have severe disease indices. The data from this systematic literature review might be useful for health policy makers looking to allocate more resources and services to socially disadvantaged individuals, resulting in making them more resilient to oral disease due to their social marginalization.
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10
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Celeste RK, Darin-Mattsson A, Lennartsson C, Listl S, Peres MA, Fritzell J. Social Mobility and Tooth Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Dent Res 2021; 101:143-150. [PMID: 34448425 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211029277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study systematically reviews the evidence of the association between life course social mobility and tooth loss among middle-aged and older people. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched in addition to gray literature and contact with the authors. Data on tooth loss were collated for a 4-category social mobility variable (persistently high, upward or downward mobility, and persistently low) for studies with data on socioeconomic status (SES) before age 12 y and after age 30 y. Several study characteristics were extracted to investigate heterogeneity in a random effect meta-analysis. A total of 1,384 studies were identified and assessed for eligibility by reading titles and abstracts; 21 original articles were included, of which 18 provided sufficient data for a meta-analysis with 40 analytical data sets from 26 countries. In comparison with individuals with persistently high social mobility, the pooled odds ratios (ORs) for the other categories were as follows: upwardly mobile, OR = 1.73 (95% CI, 1.53 to 1.95); downwardly mobile, OR = 2.52 (95% CI, 2.19 to 2.90); and persistently low, OR = 3.96 (95% CI, 3.13 to 5.03). A high degree of heterogeneity was found(I2 > 78%), and subgroup analysis was performed with 17 study-level characteristics; however, none could explain heterogeneity consistently in these 3 social mobility categories. SES in childhood and adulthood is associated with tooth loss, but the high degree of heterogeneity prevented us from forming a robust conclusion on whether upwardly or downwardly mobile SES may be more detrimental. The large variability in effect size among the studies suggests that contextual factors may play an important role in explaining the difference in the effects of low SES in different life stages (PROSPERO CRD42018092427).
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Celeste
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A Darin-Mattsson
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - C Lennartsson
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - S Listl
- Department of Dentistry-Quality and Safety of Oral Health Care, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - M A Peres
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore.,Oral Health ACP, Health Services and Systems Research Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - J Fritzell
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
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11
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Enwo OO, Player E, Steel N, Ford JA. The impact of life events on later life: a latent class analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 43:e180-e187. [PMID: 32157284 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inequalities in life events can lead to inequalities in older age. This research aimed to explore associations between life events reported by older people and quality of life (QoL) and functional ability. METHODS Participants were grouped according to eight life events: parental closeness, educational opportunities in childhood, financial hardship, loss of an unborn child, bereavement due to war, involvement in conflict, violence and experiencing a natural disaster. Linear and logistic regressions were used to explore associations between these groups and the main outcomes of functional ability and QoL. RESULTS 7555 participants were allocated to four LCA groups: 'few life events' (n = 6,250), 'emotionally cold mother' (n = 724), 'violence in combat' (n = 274) and 'many life events' (n = 307). Reduced QoL was reported in the 'many life events' (coefficient - 5.33, 95%CI -6.61 to -4.05), 'emotionally cold mother' (-1.89, -2.62 to 1.15) and 'violence in combat' (-1.95, -3.08 to -0.82) groups, compared to the 'few life events' group. The 'many life events' group also reported more difficulty with activities of daily living. CONCLUSIONS Policies aimed at reducing inequalities in older age should consider events across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Enwo
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia
| | - E Player
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia
| | - N Steel
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia
| | - J A Ford
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia.,Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge
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12
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Mohd Khairuddin AN, Bernabé E, Delgado-Angulo EK. Intragenerational social mobility and self-rated oral health in the british cohort study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:115. [PMID: 33827591 PMCID: PMC8028789 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01757-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most studies on social mobility and oral health have focused on movement between generations (intergenerational mobility) rather than movement within an individual’s own lifetime (intragenerational mobility). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between intragenerational social mobility from early to middle adulthood and self-rated oral health. Methods This study used data from 6524 participants of the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study, an ongoing population-based birth cohort of individuals born in England, Scotland and Wales. Participants’ socioeconomic position was indicated by occupational social class at age 26 and 46 years (the first and latest adult waves, respectively). Self-rated oral health was measured at age 46 years. The association between social mobility and adult oral health was assessed using conventional regression models and diagonal reference models, adjusting for gender, ethnicity, country of residence and residence area. Results Over a fifth of participants (22.2%) reported poor self-rated oral health at age 46 years. In conventional regression analysis, the odds ratios for social mobility varied depending on whether they were adjusted for social class of origin or destination. In addition, all social trajectories had greater odds of reporting poor oral health than non-mobile adults in class I/II. In diagonal reference models, both upward (Odds Ratio 0.79; 95% CI 0.63–0.99) and downward mobility (0.90; 95% CI 0.71–1.13) were inversely associated with poor self-rated oral health. The origin weight was 0.48 (95% CI 0.33–0.63), suggesting that social class of origin was as important as social class of destination. Conclusion This longitudinal analysis showed that intragenerational social mobility from young to middle adulthood was associated with self-rated oral health, independent of previous and current social class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Najwa Mohd Khairuddin
- Dental Public Health group, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RS, UK.,Department of Health, Oral Health Division, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Eduardo Bernabé
- Dental Public Health group, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RS, UK.
| | - Elsa Karina Delgado-Angulo
- Dental Public Health group, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RS, UK.,Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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13
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de Oliveira C, Sabbah W, Schneider IJC, Bernabé E. Complete Tooth Loss and Allostatic Load Changes Later in Life: A 12-Year Follow-Up Analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:247-255. [PMID: 33657084 PMCID: PMC8016717 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is little evidence of the association between complete tooth loss and allostatic load (AL). We investigated, firstly, the association between complete tooth loss and changes in AL for 12 years among older English adults. A second aim was to explore the role of fruit and vegetable consumption in explaining the aforementioned association. METHODS AL was calculated for 2430 English Longitudinal Study of Ageing cohort (2004/5-2016/17) participants 50 years and older based on nine biomarkers: systolic and diastolic blood pressures, glycated hemoglobin, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, and waist circumference. The exposure was complete tooth loss. Participants were classified as dentate or edentulous. A linear mixed-effects model was fitted to model the 12-year change in AL score and its association with complete tooth loss after adjustments for confounders (demographic factors, socioeconomic position, and health behaviors). RESULTS Around 11% of the participants were edentulous. Complete tooth loss was positively associated with baseline AL scores but not with its rate of change over time. The predicted mean AL scores were 3.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.53-3.68) and 3.98 (95% CI = 3.76-4.21) as well as 4·28 (95% CI = 4·18, 4·39) and 4·66 (95% CI = 4·42, 4·90) for dentate and edentulous participants, at baseline and end of follow-up, respectively. Fruit and vegetable consumption was not associated with baseline AL or its rate of change. CONCLUSIONS Complete tooth loss was associated with baseline AL score but not with its development over time, whereas the consumption of fruit and vegetables did not help to explain this association. Both conditions may share common determinants earlier in life.
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Madero-Cabib I, Azar A, Bambs C. Lifetime employment, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption trajectories and cardiovascular diseases in old age. SSM Popul Health 2021; 13:100737. [PMID: 33553569 PMCID: PMC7848642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great advances of life course epidemiology studies during the last decade in understanding the general health effects of employment trajectories, research has yet to evaluate the effects of employment trajectories along with other major risk factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)-the main cause of deaths worldwide. This is highly relevant, since health advantages in one domain (e.g., being a permanent formal full-time worker) may offset health disadvantages in other domains (e.g., being a regular smoker or alcohol consumer); conversely, disadvantages in both domains may interact, leading to even greater health risks. Considering these knowledge gaps, this research has two main objectives: (1) to reconstruct simultaneous employment, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption trajectories over the life course (from birth to old age) and (2) to measure the association between these trajectories and CVD in old age. Drawing on a rich and comprehensive life history dataset and using multichannel sequence and regression analyses, we analyzed a cohort of individuals aged 65-75 in Chile, a Latin American country with high social inequalities and scarce research on this matter. Our study shows that following a trajectory of formal employment together with no tobacco and alcohol use reduces CVD risk by 36 percentage points relative to a similar employment trajectory but with regular tobacco and alcohol use. Even with an employment trajectory characterized by constant informal employment or permanent inactivity, a life course free of regular tobacco and alcohol use shows protective effects against CVD. This study stresses the importance of health policies that consider CVD as a condition that strongly depends on individual experiences in multiple life domains and across different life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Madero-Cabib
- Instituto de Sociología & Departamento de Salud Pública, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of the Life Course and Vulnerability (MLIV), Chile
| | - Ariel Azar
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of the Life Course and Vulnerability (MLIV), Chile
- Department of Sociology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Claudia Bambs
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Åstrøm AN, Smith ORF, Sulo G. Early-life course factors and oral health among young Norwegian adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 49:55-62. [PMID: 32918289 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using a national sample of young Norwegian adults, we examined whether unpleasant experience with dental care during childhood is associated with tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life in adulthood after accounting for early- and later-life socio-behavioural circumstances and dental avoidance behaviour. METHODS 2433 individuals aged 25-35 years participated in an electronic survey. Oral quality of life was measured using the oral impact of daily performance (OIDP) inventory. Generalized linear models and negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the association of early unpleasant experiences with dental care and tooth loss and OIDP scores. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the relative differences in prevalence of tooth loss and OIDP scores. RESULTS Adjusting for early-life characteristics only, the prevalence of tooth loss was 1.42 (IRR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.24-1.64) and 1.96 (IRR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.70-2.26) times higher among individuals who reported unpleasant experiences a few times or several times, than in individuals who did not report unpleasant experiences with dental care in childhood. Adjusting further for educational level, smoking and tooth brushing attenuated the relative differences (IRR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.22-1.62 and IRR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.62-2.17, respectively). Lastly, when adjusting for dental avoidance behaviour, the prevalence of tooth loss was 1.29 (IRR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.50) and 1.58 (IRR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.32-1.88) times higher among individuals who reported unpleasant experiences a few times or several times than in those who did not. Corresponding associations of early unpleasant experience with OIDP were (IRR = 1.41 95% CI: 1.22-1.63) and (IRR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.42-2.01) when adjusting for early-life characteristics, and (IRR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.20-1.60) and (IRR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.27-1.80) when adjusting for education, smoking and tooth brushing. When adjusting for dental avoidance behaviour, the association of early unpleasant experience with OIDP became nonsignificant. CONCLUSION Unpleasant dental care experiences during childhood are associated with poor oral health in adulthood, independent of later-life socio-behavioural characteristics including negative dental care seeking. This highlights the importance of tailoring regular contacts with dental healthcare services in childhood to build confidence in children and thus has implications for healthcare policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | - Otto Robert Frans Smith
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gerhard Sulo
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Mental and Physical Health, Centre for Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
In the United States, people are more likely to have poor oral health if they are low-income, uninsured, and/or members of racial/ethnic minority, immigrant, or rural populations who have suboptimal access to quality oral health care. As a result, poor oral health serves as the national symbol of social inequality. There is increasing recognition among those in public health that oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease and general health conditions such as obesity and diabetes are closely linked by sharing common risk factors, including excess sugar consumption and tobacco use, as well as underlying infection and inflammatory pathways. Hence, efforts to integrate oral health and primary health care, incorporate interventions at multiple levels to improve access to and quality of services, and create health care teams that provide patient-centered care in both safety net clinics and community settings may narrow the gaps in access to oral health care across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Northridge
- NYU Langone Dental Medicine-Brooklyn, Postdoctoral Residency Program, Brooklyn, New York 11220, USA; , ,
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York 11220, USA
| | - Anjali Kumar
- NYU Langone Dental Medicine-Brooklyn, Postdoctoral Residency Program, Brooklyn, New York 11220, USA; , ,
| | - Raghbir Kaur
- NYU Langone Dental Medicine-Brooklyn, Postdoctoral Residency Program, Brooklyn, New York 11220, USA; , ,
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Bernabé E, Lie SA, Mastrovito B, Sannevik J, Astrom AN. Childhood negative dental experiences and tooth loss in later life: A 25-year longitudinal study in Sweden. J Dent 2019; 89:103198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.103198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Lundegren N, Sohrabi MM, Molin Thorén M, Åkerman S. Prosthetic dental restorations in Swedish samples: prevalence and agreement between self-report, clinical findings, and influence on quality of life. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:296-302. [PMID: 30600743 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2018.1542505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of dental prosthetic restorations in an adult population, to study the agreement between self-reports and clinical findings of prosthetic restorations, and to study answers from a questionnaire in relation to the prevalence of prosthetic restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS A questionnaire was sent to a sample of 10,000 adults. A further sample of 1000 individuals was invited to answer the questionnaire and also participate in a clinical study. The agreement between self-report and clinical findings was analyzed, as were the associations between prosthetic restorations and questionnaire responses, using the chi2 test. RESULTS A total of 40% of the sample had fixed dental prostheses (FDP), 2.7% had removable dentures. The agreement between self-report and clinical findings was 93%. 34.7% of the individuals with no prosthetic restorations were university graduates and 4% of individuals with removable complete dentures. Oral health had the greatest impact on the quality of life of younger individuals with FDP, with an OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) score of 7.3 for the age group 20-39 years compared to 4.9 for the age group 65-89 years. CONCLUSION The questionnaire method can be a cost-effective way to determine the prevalence of prosthetic restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Lundegren
- a Department of Oral Diagnostics, Faculty of Odontology , Malmö University , Malmö , Sweden
| | - Melvin M Sohrabi
- b Department of Oral Prosthodontics , the Eastman Institute, Public Dental Health , Stockholm , Sweden
| | | | - Sigvard Åkerman
- d Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology , Malmö University , Malmö , Sweden
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Talakey AA, Bernabé E. Long-term regular dental attendance and tooth retention among British adults: A cross-sectional analysis of national survey data. Int J Dent Hyg 2018; 17:64-70. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Ameen Talakey
- Faculty of Dentistry; Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College; London UK
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry; King Saud University Dental College; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Eduardo Bernabé
- Faculty of Dentistry; Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College; London UK
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