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Xue C, Tian J, Cui Z, Liu Y, Sun D, Xiong M, Yi N, Wang K, Li X, Wang Y, Xu H, Zhang W, Liang Q. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated M1 macrophage-dependent nanomedicine remodels inflammatory microenvironment for osteoarthritis recession. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:545-561. [PMID: 38162513 PMCID: PMC10755683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic inflammatory disorder. Effective remodeling of inflammatory microenvironment in the joint is a promising strategy to prevent OA. However, current drugs remain unsatisfactory due to a lack of targeted and effective ways for relieving inflammatory conditions in OA joints. Bortezomib (BTZ), a proteasome inhibitor, could effectively inhibit proinflammatory cytokines but with poor accumulation in the inflammatory tissues. To overcome the shortcomings of BTZ delivery and to improve the efficacy of OA therapy, herein, we designed a novel nanomedicine (denoted as BTZ@PTK) by the co-assembly of BTZ and an amphiphilic copolymer (denoted as PTK) with ROS-cleaved thioketal (TK) linkages. The TK units in BTZ@PTK are first cleaved by the excessive ROS at OA sites, and then triggered the controlled release of BTZ, resulting in the accurate delivery and the inflammatory microenvironment remodeling. Accordingly, BTZ@PTK suppressed ROS generation and proinflammatory cytokines while promoting M1 macrophage apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophages or LPS/IFN-γ-treated primary macrophages, which leads to a better effect than BTZ. In OA mice, BTZ@PTK passively accumulates into inflamed joints to attenuate pain sensitivity and gait abnormality. Importantly, BTZ@PTK treatment successfully ameliorates synovitis with the reduction of synovial hyperplasia and synovitis scores by suppressing M1 macrophage polarization and promoting M1 macrophage apoptosis in the synovium, thereby delaying cartilage damage. Collectively, BTZ@PTK can effectively modulate inflammatory microenvironment for OA recession by activating M1 macrophage apoptosis and inhibiting M1macrophage-mediated inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Xue
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Jia Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zepeng Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dawei Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengting Xiong
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nanxing Yi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Yang Q, Zhao Y, Li N, Wu JL, Huang X, Zhang M, Bian X, Zhu YZ. Identification of polyunsaturated fatty acids as potential biomarkers of osteoarthritis after sodium hyaluronate and mesenchymal stem cell treatment through metabolomics. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1224239. [PMID: 37649888 PMCID: PMC10462907 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1224239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder worldwide. Sodium hyaluronate (SH) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising therapeutic strategies for OA. Previous studies showed they could improve knee function and clinical symptoms of OA. However, the mechanism of the therapeutic effects on the improvement of OA has not been clearly explained. Methods: In our study, we used a technique called 5-(diisopropylamino)amylamine derivatization liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to find the metabolites in OA synovial fluid under different treatments. Results and Discussion: After looking into the metabolomics, we discovered that SH and MSC treatment led to the downregulation of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the upregulation of ω-3 PUFAs. Significantly, the contents of 5(S)-HETE, PGA2, PGB2, and PGJ2 were lower in the MSC group than in the SH group after quantification using 5-(diisopropylamino)amylamine derivatization-UHPLC-QQQ-MS. This is the first report on the relationship of 11(S)-HETE, PGA2, PGB2, PGF2β, 11β-PGF2α, and DK-PGE2 with OA. Moreover, the correlation analysis of metabolites and inflammation factors showed the positive association of ω-6 PUFAs with pro-inflammation cytokines, and of ω-3 PUFAs with anti-inflammation cytokines. Our results indicated the therapeutic effect of SH and MSCs in patients with OA. In addition, this reliable metabolic approach could uncover novel biomarkers to treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Liver Transplant Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xiaolun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Liver Transplant Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xiqing Bian
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yi-Zhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
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Synovial Fluid-Derived Extracellular Vesicles of Patients with Arthritides Contribute to Hippocampal Synaptic Dysfunctions and Increase with Mood Disorders Severity in Humans. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152276. [PMID: 35892573 PMCID: PMC9331474 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthritides are a highly heterogeneous group of disorders that include two major clinical entities, localized joint disorders such as osteoarthritis (OA) and systemic autoimmune-driven diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Arthritides are characterized by chronic debilitating musculoskeletal conditions and systemic chronic inflammation. Poor mental health is also one of the most common comorbidities of arthritides. Depressive symptoms which are most prevalent, negatively impact patient global assessment diminishing the probability of achieving the target of clinical remission. Here, we investigated new insights into mechanisms that link different joint disorders to poor mental health, and to this issue, we explored the action of the synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on neuronal function. Our data show that the exposure of neurons to different concentrations of EVs derived from both RA and OA synovial fluids (RA-EVs and OA-EVs) leads to increased excitatory synaptic transmission but acts on specific modifications on excitatory or inhibitory synapses, as evidenced by electrophysiological and confocal experiments carried out in hippocampal cultures. The treatment of neurons with EVs membrane is also responsible for generating similar effects to those found with intact EVs suggesting that changes in neuronal ability arise upon EVs membrane molecules′ interactions with neurons. In humans with arthritides, we found that nearly half of patients (37.5%) showed clinically significant psychiatric symptoms (CGIs score ≥ 3), and at least mild anxiety (HAM-A ≥ 7) or depression (MADRS and HAM-D ≥ 7); interestingly, these individuals revealed an increased concentration of synovial EVs. In conclusion, our data showing opposite changes at the excitatory and inhibitory levels in neurons treated with OA- and RA-EVs, lay the scientific basis for personalized medicine in OA and RA patients, and identify EVs as new potential actionable biomarkers in patients with OA/RA with poor mental health.
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Nakanishi A, Lascelles BDX, Allen J, Case B, Gearing D, Enomoto M. A Pilot, Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Intra-Articular Administration of a Caninized TNF Receptor Fc Fusion Protein as a Treatment for Osteoarthritis-Associated Joint Pain. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:836709. [PMID: 35720854 PMCID: PMC9201515 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.836709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a potential target for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. In several recent clinical studies in human OA, anti-TNF-α therapy showed promising results; however, these were open-label and based on patient-reported outcome measures. In this study, we developed a caninized TNF-α receptor-Fc (caTNFR-Fc) fusion protein and conducted a non-randomized, open-label, pilot study in dogs with OA using objectively measured ground reaction forces and activity. The aims of the study were to assess the efficacy of the intra-articular (IA) injection of the caTNFR-Fc fusion protein as a treatment for OA pain, and additionally to evaluate TNF concentrations in synovial fluid (SF) between joints with/without OA in dogs. Dogs (n = 12) with single-limb lameness due to single joint appendicular OA were recruited. All dogs received caTNFR-Fc fusion protein injection into the affected joint under sedation. Objective kinetic gait analysis using force plate was performed prior to (baseline), and at 14- and 28-days following treatment. Additionally, SF samples were collected from OA joints (n = 69) and non-OA joints (n = 79) in a different cohort of dogs and TNF-α were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No significant treatment effects on the limb use, activity, and the questionnaire were found. The concentration of TNF-α was significantly higher in OA joints than in healthy joints (p = 0.0019), but TNF-α was detected in only 10/69 OA samples. The IA injection of caTNFR-Fc fusion protein provided no benefit in terms of objective limb use and activity data in dogs with OA in this pilot study. Although the SF concentration of TNF-α was significantly higher in OA joints, few OA joints had measurable TNF-α. Collectively, the data indicate TNF-α may not be a good therapeutic target in canine OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Nakanishi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Translational Research in Pain (TRiP) Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - B. Duncan X. Lascelles
- Translational Research in Pain (TRiP) Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Comparative Pain Research and Education Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Thurston Arthritis Center, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Center for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Julie Allen
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Beth Case
- Translational Research in Pain (TRiP) Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - David Gearing
- The Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Masataka Enomoto
- Translational Research in Pain (TRiP) Program, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Schisandra chinensis Leaf Extracts and Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats and Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071356. [PMID: 35405969 PMCID: PMC9003109 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Schisandra chinensis leaf extracts (SCLE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, an acetic acid-induced mouse model of writhing, and a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, a 100 µg/mL dose of SCLE significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Acetic acid-induced writhing responses in mice that quantitatively determine pain were significantly inhibited by SCLE treatment. In addition, SCLE significantly decreased the MIA-induced elevation in OA symptoms, the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators/cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases, and cartilage damage in the serum and joint tissues. Our data demonstrated that SCLE exerts anti-osteoarthritic effects by regulating inflammation and pain and can be a useful therapeutic candidate against OA.
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Farah H, Wijesinghe SN, Nicholson T, Alnajjar F, Certo M, Alghamdi A, Davis ET, Young SP, Mauro C, Jones SW. Differential Metabotypes in Synovial Fibroblasts and Synovial Fluid in Hip Osteoarthritis Patients Support Inflammatory Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063266. [PMID: 35328687 PMCID: PMC8950319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in cellular metabolism have been implicated in mediating the activated fibroblast phenotype in a number of chronic inflammatory disorders, including pulmonary fibrosis, renal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of this study was therefore to characterise the metabolic profile of synovial joint fluid and synovial fibroblasts under both basal and inflammatory conditions in a cohort of obese and normal-weight hip OA patients. Furthermore, we sought to ascertain whether modulation of a metabolic pathway in OA synovial fibroblasts could alter their inflammatory activity. Synovium and synovial fluid was obtained from hip OA patients, who were either of normal-weight or obese and were undergoing elective joint replacement surgery. The synovial fluid metabolome was determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The metabolic profile of isolated synovial fibroblasts in vitro was characterised by lactate secretion, oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) using the Seahorse XF Analyser. The effects of a small molecule pharmacological inhibitor and siRNA targeted at glutaminase-1 (GLS1) were assessed to probe the role of glutamine metabolism in OA synovial fibroblast function. Obese OA patient synovial fluid (n = 5) exhibited a different metabotype, compared to normal-weight patient fluid (n = 6), with significantly increased levels of 1, 3-dimethylurate, N-Nitrosodimethylamine, succinate, tyrosine, pyruvate, glucose, glycine and lactate, and enrichment of the glutamine-glutamate metabolic pathway, which correlated with increasing adiposity. In vitro, isolated obese OA fibroblasts exhibited greater basal lactate secretion and aerobic glycolysis, and increased mitochondrial respiration when stimulated with pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα, compared to fibroblasts from normal-weight patients. Inhibition of GLS1 attenuated the TNFα-induced expression and secretion of IL-6 in OA synovial fibroblasts. These findings suggest that altered cellular metabolism underpins the inflammatory phenotype of OA fibroblasts, and that targeted inhibition of glutamine-glutamate metabolism may provide a route to reducing the pathological effects of joint inflammation in OA patients who are obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Farah
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
| | - Susanne N. Wijesinghe
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
| | - Thomas Nicholson
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
| | - Fawzeyah Alnajjar
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
| | - Michelangelo Certo
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
| | - Abdullah Alghamdi
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
| | - Edward T. Davis
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham B31 2AP, UK;
| | - Stephen P. Young
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
| | - Claudio Mauro
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
| | - Simon W. Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.F.); (S.N.W.); (T.N.); (F.A.); (M.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.Y.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Tian Z, Zhang X, Sun M. Phytochemicals Mediate Autophagy Against Osteoarthritis by Maintaining Cartilage Homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:795058. [PMID: 34987406 PMCID: PMC8722717 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.795058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease and is a leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. There are currently no clinical treatments that can stop or slow down OA. Drugs have pain-relieving effects, but they do not slow down the course of OA and their long-term use can lead to serious side effects. Therefore, safe and clinically appropriate long-term treatments for OA are urgently needed. Autophagy is an intracellular protective mechanism, and targeting autophagy-related pathways has been found to prevent and treat various diseases. Attenuation of the autophagic pathway has now been found to disrupt cartilage homeostasis and plays an important role in the development of OA. Therefore, modulation of autophagic signaling pathways mediating cartilage homeostasis has been considered as a potential therapeutic option for OA. Phytochemicals are active ingredients from plants that have recently been found to reduce inflammatory factor levels in cartilage as well as attenuate chondrocyte apoptosis by modulating autophagy-related signaling pathways, which are not only widely available but also have the potential to alleviate the symptoms of OA. We reviewed preclinical studies and clinical studies of phytochemicals mediating autophagy to regulate cartilage homeostasis for the treatment of OA. The results suggest that phytochemicals derived from plant extracts can target relevant autophagic pathways as complementary and alternative agents for the treatment of OA if subjected to rigorous clinical trials and pharmacological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Tian
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinan Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingli Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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Kirkham-Wilson F, Dennison E. Osteoarthritis: Advances and Emerging Treatments. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022. [DOI: 10.17925/rmd.2022.1.2.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint condition globally, affecting 10% of men and 18% of women over the age of 60. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial, which has made identifying modifiable factors to slow the progression or prevent the development of OA challenging. Current treatment focuses largely on lifestyle modification, analgesia and ultimately joint replacement, with no specific therapies currently available. However, research is on-going to provide a disease-modifying drug akin to those available for rheumatoid arthritis. The heterogeneity of OA has allowed a variety of pharmaceutical agents to be considered, each aiming to modify different components of the arthritic joint. Only a limited number of targeted treatments have been found to be efficacious, and those that have been identified have been associated with adverse events, preventing their progression to clinical practice. This article reviews the current management of OA, including tissue-specific approaches and treatments and summarizes the on-going research that aims to identify further therapeutic targets and develop disease-modifying OA drugs.
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Abstract
The last decade has seen an enormous increase in long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) research within rheumatology. LncRNAs are arbitrarily classed as non-protein encoding RNA transcripts that exceed 200 nucleotides in length. These transcripts have tissue and cell specific patterns of expression and are implicated in a variety of biological processes. Unsurprisingly, numerous lncRNAs are dysregulated in rheumatoid conditions, correlating with disease activity and cited as potential biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention. In this chapter, following an introduction into each condition, we discuss the lncRNAs involved in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. These inflammatory joint conditions share several inflammatory signalling pathways and therefore not surprisingly many commonly dysregulated lncRNAs are shared across these conditions. In the interest of translational research only those lncRNAs which are strongly conserved have been addressed. The lncRNAs discussed here have diverse roles in regulating inflammation, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Understanding the molecular basis of lncRNA function in rheumatology will be crucial in fully determining the inflammatory mechanisms that drive these conditions.
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Pan F, Tian J, Cicuttini F, Jones G. Prospective Association Between Inflammatory Markers and Knee Cartilage Volume Loss and Pain Trajectory. Pain Ther 2021; 11:107-119. [PMID: 34837639 PMCID: PMC8861228 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-021-00341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and pain. We sought to explore the associations between inflammatory serum markers and magnetic resonance imaging-defined long-term structural change and pain trajectory. Methods A total of 169 randomly selected participants (mean age 63 years; 47% female) from a prospective cohort study were included in this study. Circulating levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at baseline. A knee MRI scan was performed to measure cartilage volume (CV) and bone marrow lesions (BMLs) at baseline and at 10.7 years. Knee pain at four visits was measured by the WOMAC pain questionnaire, and pain trajectories were identified using group-based trajectory modelling. Linear, log-binomial and multi-nominal logistic regression were used for the analyses. Results IL-6 was associated with lateral but not medial tibial CV loss (β = − 0.25% per annum, per standard deviation [SD] log pg/ml; P < 0.05) in the multivariate analysis. IL-6 was also associated with a ‘Moderate pain’ trajectory (relative risk ratio 1.93 per SD log pg/ml; 95% confidence interval 1.02–3.65) relative to the ‘Minimal pain’ trajectory group. There was no significant association of TNF-α and CRP with CV loss and pain trajectory groups with the exception of a beneficial relationship between CRP and medial tibial CV loss (β = 0.20% per annum, per SD log mg/l). No association between inflammatory markers and change in BML size was observed. Conclusions IL-6 was independently associated with compartment-specific CV loss and worse pain trajectory, but the other markers studied were not, suggesting that components of inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of cartilage loss and developing a worse pain course. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40122-021-00341-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - Jing Tian
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Flavia Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University Medical School, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3181, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
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Wang S, Ding P, Xia X, Chen X, Mi D, Sheng S, Gu F, Li Z, Su K, Li Y. Bugan Rongjin decoction alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress to treat the postmenopausal knee osteoarthritis through Wnt signaling pathway. Biomed Eng Online 2021; 20:103. [PMID: 34645468 PMCID: PMC8513287 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-021-00939-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine has been found effective for the therapy of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study was aimed at investigating the underlying mechanism of Bugan Rongjin decoction (BGRJ) in treating the postmenopausal KOA. RESULTS Ovariectomized rat model of KOA and LPS-induced chondrocytes were successfully constructed for in vivo and in vitro model of postmenopausal KOA. X-ray and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining showed that BGRJ alleviated pathological damage of articular cartilage in OVX rats with KOA. In addition, BGRJ inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress through decreasing the levels of serum IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and NO and regulated Wnt signaling pathway by downregulating the expression of Wnt5a and β-catenin and upregulating the expression of Sox9 and Collagen II in cartilage tissue, detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis. Furthermore, Wnt5a silencing reduced the apoptosis of LPS-induced ADTC5 cells, which was further suppressed by the combination of downregulation of Wnt5a and BGRJ. CONCLUSIONS In summary, BGRJ alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress to treat the postmenopausal KOA through Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nantong TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Nantong TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaopeng Xia
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nantong TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuexian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nantong TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daguo Mi
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nantong TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuijie Sheng
- Department of Science and Education, Nantong TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fulong Gu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nantong TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongwei Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nantong TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kelei Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Number 100, Cross Street, Hongshan Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuwei Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Number 18 Yangsu Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Sampath SJP, Rath SN, Kotikalapudi N, Venkatesan V. Beneficial effects of secretome derived from mesenchymal stem cells with stigmasterol to negate IL-1β-induced inflammation in-vitro using rat chondrocytes-OA management. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1701-1717. [PMID: 34546477 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00874-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease predominantly characterized by inflammation which drives cartilage destruction. Mesenchymal stem cells-condition medium (MSC-CM) or the secretome is enriched with bioactive factors and possesses anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of combining MSC-conditioned medium with stigmasterol compared with the individual treatments in alleviating interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-induced inflammation in rat chondrocytes. Stigmasterol is a phytosterol exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects. IL-1β (10 ng/ml) was used to induce inflammation and mimic OA in-vitro in primary rat articular chondrocytes. The IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes were treated with MSC-CM, stigmasterol, and a combination of MSC-CM and stigmasterol for 24 h. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay. Protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), collagen II (COL2A1) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 were evaluated by immunofluorescence. Gene expression levels of MMP-3, MMP-13 and A Disintegrin-like and Metalloproteinases with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS)-5 were measured using qRT-PCR. NF-κB signaling pathway was studied using western blotting. A significant reduction in the expression of iNOS, IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5, and a significant increase in COL2A1 expression was observed in the rat chondrocytes across all the treatment groups. However, the combination treatment of MSC-CM and stigmasterol remarkably reversed the IL-1β-induced pro-inflammatory/pro-catabolic responses to near normal levels comparable to the control group. The combination treatment (MSC-CM + stigmasterol) elicited a superior anti-inflammatory/anti-catabolic effect by inhibiting the IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation evidenced by the negligible phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα subunits, thereby emphasizing the benefit of the combination therapy over the individual treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Joshua Pragasam Sampath
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Subha Narayan Rath
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Nagasuryaprasad Kotikalapudi
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Venkatesan
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
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13
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Oligonucleotide Therapies in the Treatment of Arthritis: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080902. [PMID: 34440106 PMCID: PMC8389545 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two of the most common chronic inflammatory joint diseases, for which there remains a great clinical need to develop safer and more efficacious pharmacological treatments. The pathology of both OA and RA involves multiple tissues within the joint, including the synovial joint lining and the bone, as well as the articular cartilage in OA. In this review, we discuss the potential for the development of oligonucleotide therapies for these disorders by examining the evidence that oligonucleotides can modulate the key cellular pathways that drive the pathology of the inflammatory diseased joint pathology, as well as evidence in preclinical in vivo models that oligonucleotides can modify disease progression.
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14
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Diacerein Inhibits Myopia Progression through Lowering Inflammation in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6660640. [PMID: 34285659 PMCID: PMC8275387 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6660640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopia is a highly prevalent refractive disorder. We investigated the effect of diacerein on monocular form deprivation (MFD) in hamsters as a possible therapeutic intervention. Diacerein is an anthraquinone derivative drug whose active metabolite is rhein. Diacerein or atropine was applied to the MFD hamsters, and their refractive error and axial length were measured after 21 days. The refractive error (control: −0.91 ± 0.023, atropine: −0.3 ± 0.08, and diacerein: −0.27 ± 0.07 D) and axial length (control: 0.401 ± 0.017, atropine: 0.326 ± 0.017, and diacerein: 0.334 ± 0.016 mm) showed statistically significant differences between control, atropine-treated, and diacerein-treated MFD eyes. Furthermore, we determined the level of transforming growth factor-beta- (TGF-) β1, matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 2, type I collagen, interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein- (MCP-) 1 in the retina. Atropine and diacerein suppressed levels of the myopia-related TGF-β1 and MMP-2 while increasing type I collagen expression. They also inhibited the interleukin IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 levels. Diacerein reduced the IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 expression in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, diacerein inhibited inflammation by attenuating the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-κB) pathway. This suggests that diacerein has a therapeutic effect on myopia and is a potential treatment option.
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15
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eNAMPT Is Localised to Areas of Cartilage Damage in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis and Promotes Cartilage Catabolism and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136719. [PMID: 34201564 PMCID: PMC8269388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk of hip osteoarthritis (OA). Recent studies have shown that adipokine extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT or visfatin) induces the production of IL-6 and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in chondrocytes, suggesting it may promote articular cartilage degradation. However, neither the functional effects of extracellular visfatin on human articular cartilage tissue, nor its expression in the joint of hip OA patients of varying BMI, have been reported. Hip OA joint tissues were collected from patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. Cartilage explants were stimulated with recombinant human visfatin. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and MMPs were measured by ELISA and Luminex. Localisation of visfatin expression in cartilage tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. Cartilage matrix degradation was determined by quantifying proteoglycan release. Expression of visfatin was elevated in the synovial tissue of hip OA patients who were obese, and was co-localised with MMP-13 in areas of cartilage damage. Visfatin promoted the degradation of hip OA cartilage proteoglycan and induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, MCP-1, CCL20, and CCL4) and MMPs. The elevated expression of visfatin in the obese hip OA joint, and its functional effects on hip cartilage tissue, suggests it plays a central role in the loss of cartilage integrity in obese patients with hip OA.
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16
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Agarwal N, Mak C, Bojanic C, To K, Khan W. Meta-Analysis of Adipose Tissue Derived Cell-Based Therapy for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. Cells 2021; 10:1365. [PMID: 34206010 PMCID: PMC8228374 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disorder associated with cartilage loss and is a leading cause of disability around the world. In old age, the capacity of cartilage to regenerate is diminished. With an aging population, the burden of OA is set to rise. Currently, there is no definitive treatment for OA. However, cell-based therapies derived from adipose tissue are promising. A PRISMA systematic review was conducted employing four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science) to identify all clinical studies that utilized adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) or stromal vascular fraction (SVF) for the treatment of knee OA. Eighteen studies were included, which met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were conducted on fourteen of these studies, which all documented WOMAC scores after the administration of AMSCs. Pooled analysis revealed that cell-based treatments definitively improve WOMAC scores, post treatment. These improvements increased with time. The studies in this meta-analysis have established the safety and efficacy of both AMSC therapy and SVF therapy for knee OA in old adults and show that they reduce pain and improve knee function in symptomatic knee OA suggesting that they may be effective therapies to improve mobility in an aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Agarwal
- MBChB Office, University of Aberdeen College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Foresterhill Rd, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;
| | - Christopher Mak
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (C.M.); (C.B.); (K.T.)
| | - Christine Bojanic
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (C.M.); (C.B.); (K.T.)
| | - Kendrick To
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (C.M.); (C.B.); (K.T.)
| | - Wasim Khan
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (C.M.); (C.B.); (K.T.)
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17
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Huang SE, Sulistyowati E, Chao YY, Wu BN, Dai ZK, Hsu JH, Yeh JL. In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of KMUP-1 and In Vivo Analysis of Its Therapeutic Potential in Osteoarthritis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060615. [PMID: 34071594 PMCID: PMC8227391 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative arthropathy that is mainly characterized by dysregulation of inflammatory responses. KMUP-1, a derived chemical synthetic of xanthine, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Here, we aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of KMUP-1. Protein and gene expressions of inflammation markers were determined by ELISA, Western blotting and microarray, respectively. RAW264.7 mouse macrophages were cultured and pretreated with KMUP-1 (1, 5, 10 μM). The productions of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-2 and MMP- 9 were reduced by KMUP-1 pretreatment in LPS-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells. The expressions of iNOS, TNF-α, COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were also inhibited by KMUP-1 pretreatment. The gene expression levels of TNF and COX families were also downregulated. In addition, KMUP-1 suppressed the activations of ERK, JNK and p38 as well as phosphorylation of IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, SIRT1 inhibitor attenuated the inhibitory effect of KMUP-1 in LPS-induced NF-κB activation. In vivo study showed that KMUP-1 reduced mechanical hyperalgesia in monoiodoacetic acid (MIA)-induced rats OA. Additionally, KMUP-1 pretreatment reduced the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in MIA-injected rats. Moreover, macroscopic and histological observation showed that KMUP-1 reduced articular cartilage erosion in rats. Our results demonstrated that KMUP-1 inhibited the inflammatory responses and restored SIRT1 in vitro, alleviated joint-related pain and cartilage destruction in vivo. Taken together, KMUP-1 has the potential to improve MIA-induced articular cartilage degradation by inhibiting the levels and expression of inflammatory mediators suggesting that KMUP-1 might be a potential therapeutic agent for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-En Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-E.H.); (E.S.); (B.-N.W.); (Z.-K.D.)
| | - Erna Sulistyowati
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-E.H.); (E.S.); (B.-N.W.); (Z.-K.D.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Islam Malang, Malang 65146, Indonesia
| | - Yu-Ying Chao
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-E.H.); (E.S.); (B.-N.W.); (Z.-K.D.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Zen-Kong Dai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-E.H.); (E.S.); (B.-N.W.); (Z.-K.D.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-E.H.); (E.S.); (B.-N.W.); (Z.-K.D.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 6507) (J.-H.H.); +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2139) (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-E.H.); (E.S.); (B.-N.W.); (Z.-K.D.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 6507) (J.-H.H.); +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2139) (J.-L.Y.)
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18
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The Expression and Function of Metastases Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript-1 Long Non-Coding RNA in Subchondral Bone and Osteoblasts from Patients with Osteoarthritis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040786. [PMID: 33916321 PMCID: PMC8066176 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript-1 (MALAT1) is implicated in regulating the inflammatory response and in the pathology of several chronic inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between OA subchondral bone expression of MALAT1 with parameters of joint health and biomarkers of joint inflammation, and to determine its functional role in human OA osteoblasts. Subchondral bone and blood were collected from hip and knee OA patients (n = 17) and bone only from neck of femur fracture patients (n = 6) undergoing joint replacement surgery. Cytokines were determined by multiplex assays and ELISA, and gene expression by qPCR. MALAT1 loss of function was performed in OA patient osteoblasts using locked nucleic acids. The osteoblast transcriptome was analysed by RNASeq and pathway analysis. Bone expression of MALAT1 positively correlated to serum DKK1 and galectin-1 concentrations, and in OA patient osteoblasts was induced in response to IL-1β stimulation. Osteoblasts depleted of MALAT1 exhibited differential expression (>1.5 fold change) of 155 genes, including PTGS2. Both basal and IL-1β-mediated PGE2 secretion was greater in MALAT1 depleted osteoblasts. The induction of MALAT1 in human OA osteoblasts upon inflammatory challenge and its modulation of PGE2 production suggests that MALAT1 may play a role in regulating inflammation in OA subchondral bone.
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From Pathogenesis to Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis: Bench-to-Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052697. [PMID: 33800057 PMCID: PMC7962130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is currently the most widespread musculoskeletal condition and primarily affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. Importantly, knee OA remains a multifactorial whole-joint disease, the appearance and progression of which involves the alteration of articular cartilage as well as the synovium, subchondral bone, ligaments, and muscles through intricate pathomechanisms. Whereas it was initially depicted as a predominantly aging-related and mechanically driven condition given its clear association with old age, high body mass index (BMI), and joint malalignment, more recent research identified and described a plethora of further factors contributing to knee OA pathogenesis. However, the pathogenic intricacies between the molecular pathways involved in OA prompted the study of certain drugs for more than one therapeutic target (amelioration of cartilage and bone changes, and synovial inflammation). Most clinical studies regarding knee OA focus mainly on improvement in pain and joint function and thus do not provide sufficient evidence on the possible disease-modifying properties of the tested drugs. Currently, there is an unmet need for further research regarding OA pathogenesis as well as the introduction and exhaustive testing of potential disease-modifying pharmacotherapies in order to structure an effective treatment plan for these patients.
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20
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Strategies to Target ADAM17 in Disease: From its Discovery to the iRhom Revolution. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040944. [PMID: 33579029 PMCID: PMC7916773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) has been the object of deep investigation. Since its discovery as the tumor necrosis factor convertase, it has been considered a major drug target, especially in the context of inflammatory diseases and cancer. Nevertheless, the development of drugs targeting ADAM17 has been harder than expected. This has generally been due to its multifunctionality, with over 80 different transmembrane proteins other than tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) being released by ADAM17, and its structural similarity to other metalloproteinases. This review provides an overview of the different roles of ADAM17 in disease and the effects of its ablation in a number of in vivo models of pathological conditions. Furthermore, here, we comprehensively encompass the approaches that have been developed to accomplish ADAM17 selective inhibition, from the newest non-zinc-binding ADAM17 synthetic inhibitors to the exploitation of iRhom2 to specifically target ADAM17 in immune cells.
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21
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Jo HG, Lee GY, Baek CY, Song HS, Lee D. Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aucklandia lappa Root Extracts on Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing in Mice and Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E42. [PMID: 33375366 PMCID: PMC7824447 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related joint disease and one of the most common degenerative bone diseases among elderly people. The currently used therapeutic strategies relying on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and steroids for OA are often associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and kidney disorders, despite being proven effective. Aucklandia lappa is a well-known traditional medicine. The root of A. lappa root has several bioactive compounds and has been in use as a natural remedy for bone diseases and other health conditions. We evaluated the A. lappa root extracts on OA progression as a natural therapeutic agent. A. lappa substantially reduced writhing numbers in mice induced with acetic acid. Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) was injected into the rats through their knee joints of rats to induce experimental OA, which shows similar pathological characteristics to OA in human. A. lappa substantially reduced the MIA-induced weight-bearing of hind limb and reversed the cartilage erosion in MIA rats. IL-1β, a representative inflammatory mediator in OA, was also markedly decreased by A. lappa in the serum of MIA rats. In vitro, A. lappa lowered the secretion of NO and suppressed the IL-1β, COX-2, IL-6, and iNOS production in RAW264.7 macrophages activated with LPS. Based on its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, A. lappa could be a potential remedial agent against OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Geun Jo
- Chung-Yeon Central Institute, 64, Sangmujungang-ro, Seo-gu, Gwangju 61949, Korea;
| | - Geon-Yeong Lee
- Imsil County Health and Medical Center, Imsil 55927, Korea;
| | - Chae Yun Baek
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Ho Sueb Song
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Donghun Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
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22
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Baloun J, Kropáčková T, Hulejová H, Tomčík M, Růžičková O, Šléglová O, Gatterová J, Vencovský J, Pavelka K, Šenolt L. Chemokine and Cytokine Profiles in Patients with Hand Osteoarthritis. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010004. [PMID: 33375165 PMCID: PMC7822191 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The development of hand osteoarthritis (HOA) and its progression into the erosive subset are unclear, but inflammation is suspected to be the main source. To verify the involvement of inflammation in HOA pathogenesis, we evaluate serum inflammatory mediators and their association with HOA-related clinical features in patients. Methods: 153 participants (50 non-erosive HOA patients, 54 erosive HOA patients, and 49 healthy control subjects) were included in this study. All patients underwent clinical examination, which included assessment of tender and swollen small hand joints, ultrasound (US) examination, and self-reported measures (e.g., AUSCAN or algofunctional indexes). Serum inflammatory mediators were quantified using human cytokine 27-plex immunoassay. We employed linear modelling, correlation analysis, and resampling statistics to evaluate the association of these mediators to HOA. Results: We identified increased levels of nine inflammatory mediators (e.g., eotaxin, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, interleukin-8, and tumour necrosis factor) in HOA patients compared to healthy controls. Increased mediators correlated with ultrasound findings as well as with clinically tender and swollen joint counts in patients with erosive HOA. However, none of the mediators distinguished between erosive and non-erosive HOA subtypes. Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis on the involvement of inflammation in HOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Baloun
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
| | - Tereza Kropáčková
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hulejová
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
| | - Michal Tomčík
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Růžičková
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Šléglová
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřiška Gatterová
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vencovský
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pavelka
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Šenolt
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-234-075-232
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Acacetin Suppresses IL-1 β-Induced Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Chondrocytes and Protects against Osteoarthritis in a Mouse Model by Inhibiting NF- κB Signaling Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2328401. [PMID: 33195691 PMCID: PMC7641688 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2328401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a very common chronic joint dysfunction, and there is currently a poor understanding of its etiology and pathogenesis. Therefore, there are no active disease-modifying drugs currently available for clinical treatment. Several natural compounds have been shown to play a role in inhibiting OA progression. The present study is aimed at investigating the curative effects of acacetin, a natural flavonoid compound, against OA. Our results demonstrated that MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 were highly expressed in OA specimens. Acacetin inhibited the interleukin-1β- (IL-1β-) induced expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13in chondrocytes by blocking nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Furthermore, we found that acacetin suppressed OA progression and inhibited the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 in ACLT-induced OA mice. Taken together, our study revealed that acacetin may serve as a potential drug for treating OA.
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24
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Wang M, Liu L, Zhang CS, Liao Z, Jing X, Fishers M, Zhao L, Xu X, Li B. Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1421-1429. [PMID: 32606908 PMCID: PMC7304682 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s247827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative disease, making a unique contribution to chronic pain, edema, and limited mobility of knee joint. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a common complementary therapy for KOA and has been found effective. The aim of this review is to consolidate the current knowledge about the mechanism of four interventions of TCM: acupuncture, moxibustion, herbs, and massage in treating KOA, and how they alleviate symptoms such as pain, swelling, and dysfunction. Furthermore, this review highlights that four therapies have different mechanisms but all of them can manage KOA through inhibiting inflammation, which indicates that alternative therapies should be considered as a viable complementary treatment for pain management in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Wang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Claire Shuiqing Zhang
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zehuan Liao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden
| | - Xianghong Jing
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Marc Fishers
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luopeng Zhao
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobai Xu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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25
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Lee D, Ju MK, Kim H. Commiphora Extract Mixture Ameliorates Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1477. [PMID: 32438772 PMCID: PMC7284963 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease that affects millions of elderly people around the world. The conventional treatments for OA consisting of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroid have negative health consequences, such as gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiac diseases. This study has evaluated the Commiphora extract mixture (HT083) on OA progression as an alternative treatment in animal models. The root of P. lactiflora and the gum resin of C. myrrha have been in use as traditional medicines against many health problems including bone disorders since ancient time. The extracts of P. lactiflora root and C. myrrha gum resin were mixed as 3:1 for their optimal effects. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the knee joints to induce the symptoms identical to human OA. HT083 substantially prevented the loss of weight-bearing inflicted with MIA in rats. The MIA-induced cartilage erosion as well as the subchondral bone damage in the rats was also reversed. In addition, the increase of serum IL-1β concentration, a crucial pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in OA progression was countered by HT083. Furthermore, HT083 significantly reduced the acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. In vitro, HT083 has shown potent anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the production of NO and suppressing the interleukin -1β, interleukin -6, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in lipopolysaccharide -stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Given its potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in MIA rats and acetic acid-induced writhing in mice, HT083 should be further studied in order to explain its mechanism of actions in alleviating OA pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghun Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Mi-Kyoung Ju
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology for Eastern Medicine (KISTEM) NeuMed Inc., 88 Imun-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02440, Korea;
| | - Hocheol Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
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26
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Gun Bilgic D, Hatipoglu OF, Cigdem S, Bilgic A, Cora T. NF-ĸβ upregulates ADAMTS5 expression by direct binding after TNF-α treatment in OUMS-27 chondrosarcoma cell line. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4215-4223. [PMID: 32415504 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation caused-aggrecan degradation is a critical event in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The aggrecanases like a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) are assumed to be key players in the aggrecan destruction. To develop the comprehensive therapy method for OA, it is essential to elucidate the activation mechanism of ADAMTS5 gene after stimulation of inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The cell lines of human chondrosarcoma (OUMS-27) and embryonic kidney (HEK293T) were incubated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) for certain time periods, and the expression level of ADAMTS5 was measured in both mRNA and protein levels. Tissue-specific ADAMTS5 activation was founded to be induced after TNF-α treatment. Then, the constructs for the promoter region of ADAMTS5 were prepared and luciferase assay was conducted to understand the involvement mechanism of nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-ĸβ) in ADAMTS5 activation. It was demonstrated that NF-ĸβ induces the ADAMTS5 expression level by directly binding the promoter region of ADAMTS5. Although the TNF-α blocker is used for OA treatment, the development of a more comprehensive treatment strategy is an urgent need. Our experimental data contributes in terms of selecting NF-ĸβ as a target molecule. Up to date, NF-ĸβ has been proven to involve in the ADAMTS5 up-regulation after several pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulation. In conclusion, our findings make important contributions to the knowledge about the roles of NF-ĸβ in ADAMTS5 activation under inflammatory conditions. So, NF-ĸβ could be considered to be a potential target for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Gun Bilgic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Manisa Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Omer Faruk Hatipoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sadık Cigdem
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Abdulkadir Bilgic
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Manisa City Hospital, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Tulin Cora
- Department of Medical Genetics, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
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27
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Labinsky H, Panipinto PM, Ly KA, Khuat DK, Madarampalli B, Mahajan V, Clabeaux J, MacDonald K, Verdin PJ, Buckner JH, Noss EH. Multiparameter Analysis Identifies Heterogeneity in Knee Osteoarthritis Synovial Responses. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:598-608. [PMID: 31702112 DOI: 10.1002/art.41161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Synovial membrane inflammation is common in osteoarthritis (OA) and increases cartilage injury. However, synovial fluid and histology studies suggest that OA inflammatory responses are not homogeneous. Greater understanding of these responses may provide new insights into OA disease mechanisms. We undertook this study to develop a novel multiparameter approach to phenotype synovial responses in knee OA. METHODS Cell composition and soluble protein production were measured by flow cytometry and multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in synovium collected from OA patients undergoing knee replacement surgery (n = 35). RESULTS Testing disaggregation conditions showed that aggressive digestion improved synovial cell yield and mesenchymal staining by flow cytometry, but it negatively impacted CD4+ T cell and CD56+ natural killer cell staining. Less aggressive digestion preserved these markers and showed highly variable T cell infiltration (range 0-43%; n = 32). Correlation analysis identified mesenchymal subpopulations associated with different nonmesenchymal populations, including macrophages and T cells (CD45+CD11b+HLA-DR+ myeloid cells with PDPN+CD73+CD90-CD34- mesenchymal cells [r = 0.65, P < 0.0001]; and CD45+CD3+ T cells with PDPN+CD73+CD90+CD34+ mesenchymal cells [r = 0.50, P = 0.003]). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) measured by flow cytometry strongly correlated with IL-6 released by ex vivo culture of synovial tissue (r = 0.59, P = 0.0012) and was highest in mesenchymal cells coexpressing CD90 and CD34. IL-6, IL-8, complement factor D, and IL-10 release correlated positively with tissue cellularity (P = 0.0042, P = 0.018, P = 0.0012, and P = 0.038, respectively). Additionally, increased CD8+ T cell numbers correlated with retinol binding protein 4 (P = 0.033). Finally, combining flow cytometry and multiplex data identified patient clusters with different types of inflammatory responses. CONCLUSION We used a novel approach to analyze OA synovium, identifying patient-specific inflammatory clusters. Our findings indicate that phenotyping synovial inflammation may provide new insights into OA patient heterogeneity and biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Labinsky
- University of Washington, Seattle, and University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany
| | | | - Kaytlyn A Ly
- Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
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28
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Pathomechanisms of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis: Chondrocyte Behavior and Fate in a Precarious Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051560. [PMID: 32106481 PMCID: PMC7084733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries of the knee joint result in a wide variety of pathomechanisms, which contribute to the development of so-called posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). These pathogenetic processes include oxidative stress, excessive expression of catabolic enzymes, release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and synovial inflammation. The present review focuses on the underlying pathomechanisms of PTOA and in particular the behavior and fate of the surviving chondrocytes, comprising chondrocyte metabolism, regulated cell death, and phenotypical changes comprising hypertrophy and senescence. Moreover, possible therapeutic strategies, such as chondroanabolic stimulation, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory treatment, as well as novel therapeutic targets are discussed.
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29
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Tart Cherry Concentrate Does Not Alter the Gut Microbiome, Glycaemic Control or Systemic Inflammation in a Middle-Aged Population. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051063. [PMID: 31085979 PMCID: PMC6567170 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited evidence suggests that the consumption of polyphenols may improve glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity. The gut microbiome produces phenolic metabolites and increases their bioavailability. A handful of studies have suggested that polyphenol consumption alters gut microbiome composition. There are no data available investigating such effects in polyphenol-rich Montmorency cherry (MC) supplementation. A total of 28 participants (aged 40-60 years) were randomized to receive daily MC or glucose and energy-matched placebo supplementation for 4 wk. Faecal and blood samples were obtained at baseline and at 4 wk. There was no clear effect of supplementation on glucose handling (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and Gutt indices), although the Matsuda index decreased significantly in the MC group post-supplementation, reflecting an increase in serum insulin concentration. Contrastingly, placebo, but not MC supplementation induced a 6% increase in the Oral Glucose Insulin Sensitivity (OGIS) estimate of glucose clearance. Serum IL-6 and C reactive protein were unaltered by either supplement. The faecal bacterial microbiome was sequenced; species richness and diversity were unchanged by MC or placebo and no significant correlation existed between changes in Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium abundance and any index of insulin sensitivity. Therefore, 4 weeks of MC supplementation did not alter the gut microbiome, glycaemic control or systemic concentrations of IL-6 and CRP in a middle-aged population.
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30
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Macfadyen MA, Daniel Z, Kelly S, Parr T, Brameld JM, Murton AJ, Jones SW. The commercial pig as a model of spontaneously-occurring osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:70. [PMID: 30744620 PMCID: PMC6371556 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical osteoarthritis models where damage occurs spontaneously may better reflect the initiation and development of human osteoarthritis. The aim was to assess the commercial pig as a model of spontaneous osteoarthritis development by examining pain-associated behaviour, joint cartilage integrity, as well as the use of porcine cartilage explants and isolated chondrocytes and osteoblasts for ex vivo and in vitro studies. METHODS Female pigs (Large white x Landrace x Duroc) were examined at different ages from 6 weeks to 3-4 years old. Lameness was assessed as a marker of pain-associated behaviour. Femorotibial joint cartilage integrity was determined by chondropathy scoring and histological staining of proteoglycan. IL-6 production and proteoglycan degradation was assessed in cartilage explants and primary porcine chondrocytes by ELISA and DMMB assay. Primary porcine osteoblasts from damaged and non-damaged joints, as determined by chondropathy scoring, were assessed for mineralisation, proliferative and mitochondrial function as a marker of metabolic capacity. RESULTS Pigs aged 80 weeks and older exhibited lameness. Osteoarthritic lesions in femoral condyle and tibial plateau cartilage were apparent from 40 weeks and increased in severity with age up to 3-4 years old. Cartilage from damaged joints exhibited proteoglycan loss, which positively correlated with chondropathy score. Stimulation of porcine cartilage explants and primary chondrocytes with either IL-1β or visfatin induced IL-6 production and proteoglycan degradation. Primary porcine osteoblasts from damaged joints exhibited reduced proliferative, mineralisation, and metabolic capacity. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the commercial pig represents an alternative model of spontaneous osteoarthritis and an excellent source of tissue for in vitro and ex vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mhairi A Macfadyen
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Zoe Daniel
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Sara Kelly
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Tim Parr
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - John M Brameld
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Andrew J Murton
- MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK.,Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Immunity, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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31
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Wood MJ, Leckenby A, Reynolds G, Spiering R, Pratt AG, Rankin KS, Isaacs JD, Haniffa MA, Milling S, Hilkens CM. Macrophage proliferation distinguishes 2 subgroups of knee osteoarthritis patients. JCI Insight 2019; 4:125325. [PMID: 30674730 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability, globally. Despite an emerging role for synovial inflammation in OA pathogenesis, attempts to target inflammation therapeutically have had limited success. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular processes occurring in the OA synovium is needed to develop novel therapeutics. We investigated macrophage phenotype and gene expression in synovial tissue of OA and inflammatory-arthritis (IA) patients. Compared with IA, OA synovial tissue contained higher but variable proportions of macrophages (P < 0.001). These macrophages exhibited an activated phenotype, expressing folate receptor-2 and CD86, and displayed high phagocytic capacity. RNA sequencing of synovial macrophages revealed 2 OA subgroups. Inflammatory-like OA (iOA) macrophages are closely aligned to IA macrophages and are characterized by a cell proliferation signature. In contrast, classical OA (cOA) macrophages display cartilage remodeling features. Supporting these findings, when compared with cOA, iOA synovial tissue contained higher proportions of macrophages (P < 0.01), expressing higher levels of the proliferation marker Ki67 (P < 0.01). These data provide new insight into the heterogeneity of OA synovial tissue and suggest distinct roles of macrophages in pathogenesis. Our findings could lead to the stratification of OA patients for suitable disease-modifying treatments and the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Wood
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence, Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Leckenby
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence, Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Reynolds
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence, Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, United Kingdom.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre and
| | - Rachel Spiering
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence, Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur G Pratt
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence, Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, United Kingdom.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre and
| | - Kenneth S Rankin
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre and
| | - John D Isaacs
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence, Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, United Kingdom.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre and
| | - Muzlifah A Haniffa
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre and.,Department of Dermatology, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Milling
- Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence, Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, United Kingdom.,Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow University, United Kingdom
| | - Catharien Mu Hilkens
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence, Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle, United Kingdom.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre and
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32
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Brown S, Pistiner J, Adjei IM, Sharma B. Nanoparticle Properties for Delivery to Cartilage: The Implications of Disease State, Synovial Fluid, and Off-Target Uptake. Mol Pharm 2018; 16:469-479. [PMID: 28669194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A major hurdle limiting the ability to treat and cure osteoarthritis, a common and debilitating disease, is rapid joint clearance and limited cartilage targeting of intra-articular therapies. Nanoscale drug carriers have the potential to improve therapeutic targeting and retention in the joint after direct injection; however, there still lacks a fundamental understanding of how the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs) influence localization to the degenerating cartilage and how joint conditions such as disease state and synovial fluid impact NP biodistribution. The goal of this study was to assess how physicochemical properties of NPs influence their interactions with joint tissues and, ultimately, cartilage localization. Ex vivo models of joint tissues were used to study how poly(lactide- co-glycolide) (PLGA) and polystyrene (PS) NP size, charge, and surface chemistry influence cartilage retention under normal and disease-mimicking conditions. Of the particles investigated, PLGA NPs surface-modified with a quaternary ammonium cation had the greatest retention within cartilage explants; however, retention was diminished 2- to 2.9-fold in arthritic tissue and in the presence of synovial fluid. Interactions with synovial fluid induced changes to NP surface properties and colloidal stability in vitro. The impact of NP charge on "off-target" synoviocyte uptake was also dependent on synovial fluid interactions. The results suggest that the design of nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery within the joint cannot be based on a single parameter such as zeta potential or size, and that the fate of injected delivery systems will likely be influenced by the disease state of the joint and the presence of synovial fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Brown
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Florida , 1275 Center Drive , Biomedical Sciences Building JG-56, P.O. Box 116131, Gainesville , Florida 32611-6131 , United States
| | - Jake Pistiner
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Florida , 1275 Center Drive , Biomedical Sciences Building JG-56, P.O. Box 116131, Gainesville , Florida 32611-6131 , United States
| | - Isaac M Adjei
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Florida , 1275 Center Drive , Biomedical Sciences Building JG-56, P.O. Box 116131, Gainesville , Florida 32611-6131 , United States
| | - Blanka Sharma
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Florida , 1275 Center Drive , Biomedical Sciences Building JG-56, P.O. Box 116131, Gainesville , Florida 32611-6131 , United States
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33
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Is knee osteoarthritis related to coffee drinking? A nationwide cross-sectional observational study. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 38:817-825. [PMID: 30397838 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages globally, and coffee consumption is increasing. Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common musculoskeletal disease in the elderly, is also becoming more prevalent. Coffee is associated with various diseases, but there has not yet been a study of the relationship between coffee and knee OA. Therefore, we investigated this relationship in elderly Koreans. METHODS Data from 2012 to 2013 were collected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We included 2302 participants in our study: 897 men and 1405 women. Participants with knee OA were defined as those whose knee joints exhibited radiographic change of Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2 or higher. Daily coffee consumption amounts were categorized as none, < 2 cups, 2-3 cups, 4-6 cups, and ≥ 7 cups based on self-reporting. RESULTS A multiple logistic regression model, the odds ratios (ORs) of knee OA in the < 2 cup, 2-3 cup, 4-6 cup, and ≥ 7 cup groups compared to the no-coffee group in men were 1.13 (95% CI 0.50-2.55), 1.79 (95% CI 0.81-3.97), 2.21 (95% CI 0.91-5.35), and 3.81 (95% CI 1.46-12.45), respectively. There was no significant association between coffee consumption and knee OA prevalence in women. CONCLUSION Daily more than 7 cups of coffee drinking was associated with a prevalence of knee OA in Korean men, and although the ORs did not increase significantly across consumption levels, the prevalence of knee OA tended to increase with increasing coffee consumption.
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Mahmood H, Shepherd DET, Espino DM. Surface damage of bovine articular cartilage-off-bone: the effect of variations in underlying substrate and frequency. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:384. [PMID: 30355307 PMCID: PMC6201575 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in bone mineral density have been implicated with the onset of osteoarthritis, but its role in inducing failure of articular cartilage mechanically is unclear. This study aimed to determine the effect of substrate density, as the underlying bone, on the surface damage of cartilage-off-bone, at frequencies associated with gait, and above. METHODS Bovine articular cartilage samples were tested off-bone to assess induced damage with an indenter under a compressive sinusoidal load range of 5-50 N at frequencies of 1, 10 and 50 Hz, corresponding to normal and above normal gait respectively, for up to 10,000 cycles. Cartilage samples were tested on four underlying substrates with densities of 0.1556, 0.3222, 0.5667 and 0.6000 g/cm3. India ink was applied to identify damage as cracks, measured across their length using ImageJ software. Linear regression was performed to identify if statistical significance existed between substrate density, and surface damage of articular cartilage-off-bone, at all three frequencies investigated (p < 0.05). RESULTS Surface damage significantly increased (p < 0.05) with substrate density at 10 Hz of applied frequency. Crack length at this frequency reached the maximum of 10.95 ± 9.12 mm (mean ± standard deviation), across all four substrates tested. Frequencies applied at 1 and 50 Hz failed to show a significant increase (p > 0.05) in surface damage with an increase in substrate density, at which the maximum mean crack length were 3.01 ± 3.41 mm and 5.65 ± 6.54 mm, respectively. Crack formation at all frequencies tended to form at the periphery of the cartilage specimen, with multiple straight-line cracking observed at 10 Hz, in comparison to single straight-line configurations produced at 1 and 50 Hz. CONCLUSIONS The effect of substrate density on the surface damage of articular cartilage-off-bone is multi-factorial, with an above-normal gait frequency. At 1 Hz cartilage damage is not associated with substrate density, however at 10 Hz, it is. This study has implications on the effects of the factors that contribute to the onset of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Mahmood
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
| | - Duncan E. T. Shepherd
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel M. Espino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
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Tellegen AR, Rudnik-Jansen I, Pouran B, de Visser HM, Weinans HH, Thomas RE, Kik MJL, Grinwis GCM, Thies JC, Woike N, Mihov G, Emans PJ, Meij BP, Creemers LB, Tryfonidou MA. Controlled release of celecoxib inhibits inflammation, bone cysts and osteophyte formation in a preclinical model of osteoarthritis. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1438-1447. [PMID: 29890922 PMCID: PMC6058666 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1482971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Major hallmarks of osteoarthritis (OA) are cartilage degeneration, inflammation and osteophyte formation. COX-2 inhibitors counteract inflammation-related pain, but their prolonged oral use entails the risk for side effects. Local and prolonged administration in biocompatible and degradable drug delivery biomaterials could offer an efficient and safe treatment for the long-term management of OA symptoms. Therefore, we evaluated the disease-modifying effects and the optimal dose of polyesteramide microspheres delivering the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib in a rat OA model. Four weeks after OA induction by anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial medial meniscectomy, 8-week-old female rats (n = 6/group) were injected intra-articular with celecoxib-loaded microspheres at three dosages (0.03, 0.23 or 0.39 mg). Unloaded microspheres served as control. During the 16-week follow-up, static weight bearing and plasma celecoxib concentrations were monitored. Post-mortem, micro-computed tomography and knee joint histology determined progression of synovitis, osteophyte formation, subchondral bone changes, and cartilage integrity. Systemic celecoxib levels were below the detection limit 6 days upon delivery. Systemic and local adverse effects were absent. Local delivery of celecoxib reduced the formation of osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis, bone cysts and calcified loose bodies, and reduced synovial inflammation, while cartilage histology was unaffected. Even though the effects on pain could not be evualated directly in the current model, our results suggest the application of celecoxib-loaded microspheres holds promise as novel, safe and effective treatment for inflammation and pain in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Tellegen
- a Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - I Rudnik-Jansen
- b Department of Orthopaedics , University Medical Centre Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - B Pouran
- c Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology , University Medical Centre Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - H M de Visser
- c Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology , University Medical Centre Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - H H Weinans
- b Department of Orthopaedics , University Medical Centre Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,c Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology , University Medical Centre Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - R E Thomas
- d Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - M J L Kik
- d Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - G C M Grinwis
- d Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - J C Thies
- e DSM Biomedical , Geleen , the Netherlands
| | - N Woike
- e DSM Biomedical , Geleen , the Netherlands
| | - G Mihov
- e DSM Biomedical , Geleen , the Netherlands
| | - P J Emans
- f Department of Orthopaedics , University Medical Centre Maastricht , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - B P Meij
- a Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - L B Creemers
- b Department of Orthopaedics , University Medical Centre Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - M A Tryfonidou
- a Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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Krishnan Y, Grodzinsky AJ. Cartilage diseases. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:51-69. [PMID: 29803938 PMCID: PMC6146013 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hyaline cartilages, fibrocartilages and elastic cartilages play multiple roles in the human body including bearing loads in articular joints and intervertebral discs, providing joint lubrication, forming the external ears and nose, supporting the trachea, and forming the long bones during development and growth. The structure and organization of cartilage's extracellular matrix (ECM) are the primary determinants of normal function. Most diseases involving cartilage lead to dramatic changes in the ECM which can govern disease progression (e.g., in osteoarthritis), cause the main symptoms of the disease (e.g., dwarfism caused by genetically inherited mutations) or occur as collateral damage in pathological processes occurring in other nearby tissues (e.g., osteochondritis dissecans and inflammatory arthropathies). Challenges associated with cartilage diseases include poor understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis, delayed diagnoses due to the aneural nature of the tissue and drug delivery challenges due to the avascular nature of adult cartilages. This narrative review provides an overview of the clinical and pathological features as well as current treatment options available for various cartilage diseases. Late breaking advances are also described in the quest for development and delivery of effective disease modifying drugs for cartilage diseases including osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alan J Grodzinsky
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Chang YH, Wu KC, Harn HJ, Lin SZ, Ding DC. Exosomes and Stem Cells in Degenerative Disease Diagnosis and Therapy. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:349-363. [PMID: 29692195 PMCID: PMC6038041 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717723636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke can cause death and disability, resulting in a huge burden on society. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor dysfunction. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage destruction and osteophyte formation in the joints. Stem cell therapy may provide a biological treatment alternative to traditional pharmacological therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are preferred because of their differentiation ability and possible derivation from many adult tissues. In addition, the paracrine effects of MSCs play crucial anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive roles in immune cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vital mediators of cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes contain various molecules such as microRNA (miRNA), which mediates biological functions through gene regulation. Therefore, exosomes carrying miRNA or other molecules can enhance the therapeutic effects of MSC transplantation. MSC-derived exosomes have been investigated in various animal models representing stroke, PD, and OA. Exosomes are a subtype of EVs. This review article focuses on the mechanism and therapeutic potential of MSC-derived exosomes in stroke, PD, and OA in basic and clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsun Chang
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,2 Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Chi Wu
- 3 Department of Orthopedics, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- 4 Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- 5 Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- 2 Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,6 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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TLR4 Signaling Pathway Modulators as Potential Therapeutics in Inflammation and Sepsis. Vaccines (Basel) 2017; 5:vaccines5040034. [PMID: 28976923 PMCID: PMC5748601 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines5040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) signal pathway plays an important role in initiating the innate immune response and its activation by bacterial endotoxin is responsible for chronic and acute inflammatory disorders that are becoming more and more frequent in developed countries. Modulation of the TLR4 pathway is a potential strategy to specifically target these pathologies. Among the diseases caused by TLR4 abnormal activation by bacterial endotoxin, sepsis is the most dangerous one because it is a life-threatening acute system inflammatory condition that still lacks specific pharmacological treatment. Here, we review molecules at a preclinical or clinical phase of development, that are active in inhibiting the TLR4-MyD88 and TLR4-TRIF pathways in animal models. These are low-molecular weight compounds of natural and synthetic origin that can be considered leads for drug development. The results of in vivo studies in the sepsis model and the mechanisms of action of drug leads are presented and critically discussed, evidencing the differences in treatment results from rodents to humans.
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Liu J, Meng Q, Jing H, Zhou S. Astragaloside IV protects against apoptosis in human degenerative chondrocytes through autophagy activation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3269-3275. [PMID: 28714008 PMCID: PMC5548053 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased cell apoptosis in chondrocytes is a feature of degenerative cartilage. Astragaloside IV (AST) has been proven to possess an antiarthritic effect by preventing interleukin (IL)‑1β‑induced cartilage damage. However, the role of AST on chondrocyte apoptosis and its underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, degenerative chondrocytes isolated from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were subjected to AST and IL‑1β treatment. Results indicated that AST protected against chondrocyte apoptosis induced by IL‑1β. Western blotting indicated that AST increased the protein expression of LC3‑II/I and decreased P62/SQSTM1 expression, which suggested that AST upregulated autophagy activity in chondrocytes. Fluorescent protein GFP‑LC3 analysis and transmission electron microscopy observation confirmed that autophagy was promoted by AST. In contrast, after autophagy inhibited by 3‑methyladenine, chondrocyte apoptosis was further increased under IL‑1β treatment. Ultimately, rapamycin was used as a positive control, whose results confirmed that rapamycin‑mediated autophagy also decreased chondrocyte apoptosis induced by IL‑1β. In conclusion, these results suggested that AST‑mediated autophagy serves an anti‑apoptotic role in chondrocytes, which may aid the development of novel therapeutic approaches for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Liu
- System Complexity Research Center of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Qinggang Meng
- System Complexity Research Center of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Hanguang Jing
- System Complexity Research Center of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- System Complexity Research Center of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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Bahtiar A, Nurazizah M, Roselina T, Tambunan AP, Arsianti A. Ethanolic extracts of babandotan leaves (Ageratum conyzoides L.) prevents inflammation and proteoglycan degradation by inhibiting TNF-α and MMP-9 on osteoarthritis rats induced by monosodium iodoacetate. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:270-277. [PMID: 28442110 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of Ageratum conyzoides L. on the monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis rats. METHODS Thin layer chromatography was performed to analyze the constituents of the babandotan extract leaves. White male Sprague-Dawley rats used in this study were divided into 6 groups: normal control and negative control groups, both given 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose; the positive control group that was given glucosamine and chondroitin suspension (486 mg/200 g B.W.); the 3 dose variation extract groups including dose 1, 2, and 3 that were given 40, 80, and 160 mg/200 g B.W. respectively on day 29 until 50. All the groups were induced with 0.05 mL monosodium iodoacetate (20 mg/mL) on day 1, except normal control induced by saline. Measurement of edema volume of rat knees was performed on day 0, 8, 15, 22, 29, 43, and 50. Hematology data was measured at day 1, 29 and 50. Serum was collected at day 50 to evaluate TNF-α and MMP-9 by ELISA. Cartilage histopathology was evaluated by staining with H&E and Safranin-O-fast green staining on day 50. RESULTS The babandotan leaves extract dose 2 (80 mg/200 g B.W.) and dose 3 (160 mg/200 g B.W.) could decrease the edema volume, increase the area and thickness of articular cartilage, and increase proteoglycan level. Particularly, dose 3 (160 mg/200 g B.W.) of extract babandotan leaves were able to significantly decrease the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes and udem volume, and decrease TNF alpha and MMP-9 levels. CONCLUSIONS Babandotan leaves extract can recover inflammation and cartilages degradation by inhibiting TNF-α in inflammation processes and MMP-9 in the collagenase reaction in the cartilages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Bahtiar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Mutiara Nurazizah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Tirza Roselina
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | | | - Ade Arsianti
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Salemba Raya No 6, Indonesia
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