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Wang YM, Zhang YY, Wang Y, Cao Q, Zhang M. Task-related brain activation associated with violence in patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 97:104080. [PMID: 38788320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates specific changes in brain function during cognitive and emotional tasks in patients with schizophrenia and a history of violence (VSCZ) compared with non-violent patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. A comprehensive literature search was conducted at the Web of Science, Medline, and PubMed. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. In which, eight studies compared brain activation between patients with VSCZ and non-violent patients with schizophrenia, and the former exhibited increased activation at the middle occipital gyrus and rectus compared with the latter. Seven studies compared brain activation between patients with VSCZ and controls, and the former exhibited increased activation at the anterior cingulate cortex, cerebellum VI region, lingual gyrus and fusiform. Subgroup analysis in five studies performing emotional tasks revealed that patients with VSCZ showed increased activation at the middle occipital gyrus compared with non-violent patients with schizophrenia. Our findings suggest that abnormal emotion perception and regulation significantly contribute to the increased risk of violence in patients with schizophrenia. Notably, the middle occipital gyrus and rectus emerge as key neurophysiological correlates associated with this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ming Wang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi-Yang Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qun Cao
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Meng Zhang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China.
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2
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Ünsal E, Şengün İnan F. 'I live it all together…sadness, desperation': A qualitative exploration of psychosocial challenges and needs of young people after suicide attempt. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 49:1-9. [PMID: 38734443 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the psychosocial challenges and support needs of young people after suicide attempt. In the research, the phenomenological approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were held with 16 young people shortly after suicide attempt. Data were analysed via content analysis. The data were categorized into five themes: effort to return to the old normal, living with remains, need for support, barriers to seeking help, and awareness. Understanding the psychological challenges and support needs of young people who have attempted suicide will facilitate future research and practice. To support young people in the acute period following the intervention, supportive interventions at the individual, social and political levels need to be established. These findings shed light into the structuring of supportive interventions to be applied to young people following a suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Ünsal
- Ege University, Faculty of Nursing, Mental Health and Diseases Nursing Department, 35030 Bornova, İZMİR, Turkey; Institute of Health Sciences Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Figen Şengün İnan
- Gazi University, Faculty of Nursing, Mental Health and Diseases Nursing Department, 06490 Çankaya, ANKARA, Turkey.
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3
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Parrish EM, Steenkamp L, Chalker SA, Moore RC, Pinkham A, Depp CA. Systematic Review of the Link Between Social Cognition and Suicidal Ideation and Behavior in People With Serious Mental Illness. SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN OPEN 2024; 5:sgae007. [PMID: 38617732 PMCID: PMC11014866 DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background and Hypothesis People with serious mental illness (SMI; psychotic and affective disorders with psychosis) are at an increased risk of suicide, yet there is limited research on the correlates of suicide in SMI. Social cognitive impairments are common among people with SMI and several studies have examined social cognition and suicidal ideation (SI) and behavior. This systematic review aims to evaluate the links between various domains of social cognition, SI, and suicidal behavior in SMI. Study Design Electronic databases (PubMed and PsycInfo) were searched through June 2023. Records obtained through this search (N = 618) were screened by 2 independent reviewers according to inclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted, and study quality was assessed. Study Results Studies (N = 16) from 12 independent samples were included in the systematic review (N = 2631, sample sizes ranged from N = 20 to N = 593). Assessments of social cognition and SI and behavior varied widely between studies. Broadly, effects were mixed. Better emotion recognition of negative affect was linked to SI and a history of suicide attempts, though there is little consistent evidence for the relationship of emotion recognition and SI or behavior. On the other hand, better theory of mind ability was linked to SI and a history of suicide attempts. Furthermore, negative attributional bias was linked to current SI, but not a history of SI or attempt. Conclusions This review suggests mixed associations between social cognition, SI, and behavior in SMI. Future research should evaluate additional mediators and moderators of social cognition and suicide, employing prospective designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Parrish
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Steenkamp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Samantha A Chalker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Raeanne C Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Amy Pinkham
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Colin A Depp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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4
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Wang YM, Wang Y, Cao Q, Zhang M. Aberrant brain structure in patients with schizophrenia and violence: A meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 164:447-453. [PMID: 37433247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that schizophrenia is associated with an increased risk of violence, which may constitute a public health concern, leading to poor treatment outcomes and stigmatization of patients. Investigating brain structural features of violence in schizophrenia could help us understand its specific pathogenesis and find effective biomarkers. Our study aimed at identifying reliable brain structural changes associated with violence in patients with schizophrenia by conducting a meta-analysis and meta-regression of magnetic resonance imaging studies. Specific brain changes in patients with schizophrenia and violence (VSZ) were studied, compared with patients with schizophrenia and violence (VSZ), patients with non-violent schizophrenia (NVSZ), and individuals with a history of violence only and health controls. Primary outcomes revealed that there was no significant difference of gray matter volume between patients with VSZ and patient with NVSZ. Compared with controls, patients with VSZ exhibited decreased gray matter volume in the insula, the superior temporal gyrus (STG), the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left parahippocampus, and the right putamen. Compared with individuals with a history of violence only, patients with VSZ exhibited decreased volume in the right insula and the right STG. Meta-regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between the duration of schizophrenia and the volume of the right insula in patients with VSZ. These findings may suggest a shared neurobiological basis for both violence and psychiatric symptoms. The impaired frontotemporal-limbic network may serve as a neurobiological basis for higher prevalence of violent behaviour in patients with schizophrenia. However, it is important to note that these changes are not unique to patients with VSZ. Further investigation is needed to explore the neural mechanism that drive the interaction between violent behaviour and specific aggression-related dimensions of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ming Wang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qun Cao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Meng Zhang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100096, China.
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5
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Kislov MA, Prikhod'ko AN, Trusova DS, Zhiganova MS, Morozova AY, Pigolkin YI. [Morphofunctional cerebral changes associated with development of suicidal behavior]. Sud Med Ekspert 2023; 66:67-72. [PMID: 37496486 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236604167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
THE AIM OF THE STUDY Was to identify the cerebral areas, which demonstrate the most significant structural changes and damaged functional activity in patients with suicidal behavior. The original studies, presented in PubMed database, were used to analyze the literature. Additional literature in the form of atlases, review articles and publications, written in related spheres, was used to interpret the results. The study identified the 69 cerebral regions, demonstrating significant changes and the structures with the most significant deviations among them were selected. The regions of cerebral grey matter, in particular basal ganglia (structures of striatum and limbic system), as well as selected regions of cerebral cortex, specifically frontal, insularis, singulate and parietal mostly were included in the list. The decrease in grey matter volume, changes of neuronal and glial density, special patterns of activity and variations of functional association with other cerebral regions are described within mentioned structures. The literature review found that there was a lack of postmortem examinations in suicidal cases. Advanced study of the described structures is required in cases of completed suicide using new research methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kislov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - D S Trusova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Zhiganova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Morozova
- Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Moscow Department of Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu I Pigolkin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disturbances in interpersonal functioning are prevalent in individuals with suicidality. Foundational for interpersonal functioning is theory of mind (ToM), a social-cognitive ability that allows individuals to understand the thoughts and feelings of others. Recent work has begun to investigate ToM performance in individuals with suicidality, though no review has quantitatively aggregated findings from these varied studies. The current study investigated the relations between ToM and suicidality with meta-analysis. METHOD We identified and meta-analyzed 15 studies that presented data for 2,895 participants (617 of whom had reported at least one suicide attempt). RESULTS Results indicated a significant, negative relation between ToM and suicidality with a medium overall effect size (g = -.475). Moderator analyses revealed that this effect was consistent across age, sex, ToM content, and suicidal outcome. CONCLUSION Deficits in ToM associated with suicidality hold promise for risk-identification, treatment, and prevention work.HighlightsTheory of mind (ToM) abilities are critical for effective interpersonal functioning.Meta-analytics results indicate that ToM deficits are associated with suicidality.Identifying such suicidality-related ToM deficits may inform risk-identification, treatment, and prevention work.
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Sarkinaite M, Gleizniene R, Adomaitiene V, Dambrauskiene K, Raskauskiene N, Steibliene V. Volumetric MRI Analysis of Brain Structures in Patients with History of First and Repeated Suicide Attempts: A Cross Sectional Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030488. [PMID: 33801896 PMCID: PMC8000590 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural brain changes are found in suicide attempters and in patients with mental disorders. It remains unclear whether the suicidal behaviors are related to atrophy of brain regions and how the morphology of specific brain areas is changing with each suicide attempt. The sample consisted of 56 patients hospitalized after first suicide attempt (first SA) (n = 29), more than one suicide attempt (SA > 1) (n = 27) and 54 healthy controls (HC). Brain volume was measured using FreeSurfer 6.0 automatic segmentation technique. In comparison to HC, patients with first SA had significantly lower cortical thickness of the superior and rostral middle frontal areas, the inferior, middle and superior temporal areas of the left hemisphere and superior frontal area of the right hemisphere. In comparison to HC, patients after SA > 1 had a significantly lower cortical thickness in ten areas of frontal cortex of the left hemisphere and seven areas of the right hemisphere. The comparison of hippocampus volume showed a significantly lower mean volume of left and right parts in patients with SA > 1, but not in patients with first SA. The atrophy of frontal, temporal cortex and hippocampus parts was significantly higher in repeated suicide attempters than in patients with first suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Sarkinaite
- Department of Radiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-67876580
| | - Rymante Gleizniene
- Department of Radiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Virginija Adomaitiene
- Psychiatry Clinic of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.A.); (K.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Kristina Dambrauskiene
- Psychiatry Clinic of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.A.); (K.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Nijole Raskauskiene
- Laboratory of Behavioural Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Vesta Steibliene
- Psychiatry Clinic of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.A.); (K.D.); (V.S.)
- Laboratory of Behavioural Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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Gong J, Chen G, Zhou M, Jia Y, Zhong S, Chen F, Lai S, Luo Z, Wang J, Xu H, Wang L, Huang L, Wang Y. Characteristics of temporal dynamics of intrinsic brain activity in unmedicated bipolar disorder with suicidality. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2020; 54:1115-1124. [PMID: 32815392 DOI: 10.1177/0004867420948960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder is associated with a high risk of suicide. Routine neuroimaging examination exhibited that bipolar disorder with suicidality was associated with brain structural and functional changes. However, the alterations of brain dynamics have still remained elusive. PURPOSE To investigate the alterations of brain dynamics in unmedicated bipolar disorder II depression with suicidality and predict the severity of suicidality. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study included 106 bipolar disorder II participants (20 with suicidal attempt, 35 with suicidal ideation, 51 without suicidal ideation) and 50 healthy controls who underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging between February 2016 and December 2017. We first used sliding window analysis to evaluate the dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations. Then, we predicted the severity of suicidality using a multivariate regression model. RESULTS One-way analysis of covariance revealed that the dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the right temporal pole, inferior temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus and the bilateral precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex was significantly different among the four groups. Post hoc pairwise comparisons revealed that dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations was remarkably decreased in the bilateral precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex in the three bipolar disorder II groups compared with that in healthy controls group. Increased dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations was found in the right superior temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus in the suicidal attempt group compared with that in the other groups, and in the right temporal pole in the suicidal attempt group compared with that in the suicidal ideation and healthy controls groups. Importantly, these temporal variabilities could be used to predict the severity of suicidality (r = 0.330, p = 0.036), whereas static amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations couldn't (r = -0.050, p = 0.532). CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that alterations of temporal variability in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex are such a common feature of bipolar disorder patients. Besides, the severity of suicidality could be predicted by the dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations abnormalities rather than static amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations abnormalities, which is the first evidence of dynamic brain alterations in bipolar disorder patients with suicidality. The proposed predictive model may be advantageous for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Gong
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanmao Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Zhou
- Clinical Experimental Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuming Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunkai Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenye Luo
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jurong Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Experimental Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Brain grey matter abnormalities in first episode non-affective psychosis patients with suicidal behaviours: The role of neurocognitive functioning. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 102:109948. [PMID: 32305356 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is one of the leading causes of premature death in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. The understanding of suicidal behaviour (SB) is limited, and new and integrative approaches focusing on the likely relationship of the biological and cognitive features of SB in the early phases of psychosis are warranted. We aimed to study the relationship of brain grey matter anomalies and cognitive functioning with SB or suicidal risk in a large sample of non-affective FEP patients. METHODS We used a voxel-based morphometry analysis in 145 FEP patients to investigate the pattern of structural brain abnormalities related to SB. In addition, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the relationship between cognitive functioning and SB. RESULTS A reduction in grey matter volume in the frontal area, temporal gyrus, precuneus, uncus, amygdala, left cuneus and subcallosal gyrus as well as a marked regional volume reduction in the right hemisphere was linked with the presence of SB. Additionally, worse global cognitive functioning and living in urban areas were identified as suicide risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This study provides some insights about the brain abnormalities associated with SB in FEP patients. Specifically, the areas reported are involved in important functions related to SB, such as impulsivity, problem solving or responses to pain. Thus, the results confirm the relevant role of cognitive functioning on SB.
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10
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicide is a serious public health issue that affects individuals, families and societies all over the world. International studies provide consistent evidence that the presence of psychiatrists in a region is associated with lesser suicide rates. However, many psychiatric patients including suicidal patients do not have access to psychiatrists. This indicates that mental health and non-mental health social workers need to be involved in suicide prevention efforts. This paper is the first comprehensive work that discusses how to increase the role of social workers in the area of suicide prevention. METHODS A review of the relevant literature. RESULTS Increasing the role of social workers in suicide prevention efforts may reduce suicide risk in groups and people at elevated risk for suicide, as well as the general population. CONCLUSION Recommendations are provided for how the social work profession can improve upon suicide prevention while incorporating universal, selective and indicated suicide preventive interventions. Social work research efforts should focus on how to increase the role of social workers in suicide prevention and the management of suicidal patients. Social work education programmes should modify their curricula and increase their attention on suicide prevention. Mental health social workers need to educate the patient and their family on suicide risk factors. Furthermore, mental health and non-mental health social workers need to educate the general public on suicide risk factors.
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11
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Abstract
Empathy, broadly defined as the ability to understand the other and to share others' emotions, motivates prosocial behavior and underlies successful interpersonal relations. Dysfunctions in this ability may cause fundamental difficulties in social communication. Empathy has been measured in various ways, from self-report questionnaires to laboratory objective performance tests. Empathic accuracy (EA), i.e., the ability to accurately empathize, is measured using more complex and ecological paradigms, such as asking participants to infer filmed interactions, or having people narrate personal emotional stories then assessing the correspondence between the perceiver and the target of empathy as the criteria for empathic ability. This measure is particularly useful in the study of clinical populations, where deconstructing the multifaceted concept of empathy may contribute to a more complete understanding of specific clinical profiles. This paper presents a scoping review of the literature on EA in clinical populations, and on EA and clinical traits and states in nonclinical or high-risk populations. Following an exhaustive literature search, 34 studies were found eligible to be included in this review. The largest category was studies focused on EA in people with schizophrenia (31%; 11 papers), followed by studies focused on EA in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and autistic traits in a nonclinical population (22%; 8 papers). Studies were also found on EA and depression tendencies, psychopathy, social anxiety, behavior disorders, and personality disorders, and a few other clinical conditions. The included studies varied on research aims, designs, sample sizes, and male:female ratios. The overall synthesized results suggest that EA is reduced in schizophrenia and ASD. In other clinical populations, the number of studies was very limited. We urge researchers to further examine EA in these less-studied populations. The review reveals a general underrepresentation of female participants in studies on EA in clinical populations. We suggest that future research address understudied clinical populations, such as those diagnosed with psychopathy. Subject, target, and situational variables should also be considered, with special attention to gender differences (and similarities), the association between EA abilities and adaptive functioning, and the study of individuals with clinical conditions as targets, not just observers, in EA tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anat Perry
- Psychology Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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12
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Wang W, Zhou Y, Wang J, Xu H, Wei S, Wang D, Wang L, Zhang XY. Prevalence, clinical correlates of suicide attempt and its relationship with empathy in patients with schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 99:109863. [PMID: 31931089 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown that cognitive impairment plays a key role in suicide, an important factor leading to premature death in schizophrenia (SCZ) patients. Empathy has received extensive attention recently; however, the relationship of empathy with suicide in schizophrenia is still unknown. The main aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of suicide attempts and its association with empathy and other characteristics in Chinese chronic SCZ patients. METHODS The suicide attempt data, together with demographic characteristics and clinical variables were collected from 627 chronic inpatients with schizophrenia. We utilized the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for the psychopathological symptoms, and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) for affective and cognitive empathy in this study. RESULTS We found a suicide attempt rate of 11.3% in chronic SCZ patients. Compared to non-attempters, suicide attempters were more likely to be women, had younger age and higher education levels, as well as higher positive symptoms and depressive factor score, but lower negative symptoms of PANSS (all p < .05). Moreover, after controlling the confounding factors, suicide attempters scored higher in Personal Distress subscale of IRI (F1, 455 = 5.446, p = .020) than non-attempters. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of suicide attempt is high in chronic SCZ patients. Its risk factors include some demographic and clinical variables. Moreover, suicide attempters experienced stronger personal distress, suggesting that stronger empathy may be a risk factor of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China; Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiesi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuochi Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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13
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Jollant F, Wagner G, Richard-Devantoy S, Köhler S, Bär KJ, Turecki G, Pereira F. Neuroimaging-informed phenotypes of suicidal behavior: a family history of suicide and the use of a violent suicidal means. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:120. [PMID: 29921964 PMCID: PMC6008434 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of brain markers of suicidal risk is highly expected. However, neuroimaging studies have yielded mixed results, possibly due to phenotypic heterogeneity. In the present study, we addressed this issue using structural brain imaging. First, two independent samples of suicide attempters (n = 17 in Montreal, 32 in Jena), patient controls (n = 26/34), and healthy controls (n = 66/34) were scanned with magnetic resonance imaging. Groups were compared with FSL. We then reviewed the literature and run a GingerALE meta-analysis of 12 structural imaging studies comparing suicide attempters and patient controls with whole-brain analyses (n = 693). Finally, we explored the potential contribution of two variables previously associated with biological/cognitive deficits: a family history of suicide (FHoS), and the use of a violent suicidal means (VSM). Here, we added two groups of healthy first-degree biological relatives of suicide victims and depressed patients (n = 32). When comparing all suicide attempters and controls, very limited between-group differences were found in the two samples, and none in the meta-analysis. In contrast, a FHoS was associated with reduced volumes in bilateral temporal regions, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and left putamen, several of these differences being observed across groups. VSM was associated with increased bilateral caudate (and left putamen) volumes. Some morphometric variations in cortico-subcortical networks may therefore be endophenotypes increasing the suicidal vulnerability, while others (notably in striatum) may modulate action selection. These results therefore confirm at the neural level two phenotypes at high lethal risk with a strong biological background, and uncover motives of heterogeneous findings in neuroimaging studies of suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Jollant
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies (MGSS), McGill University & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Hospital (CHU) of Nîmes, Nîmes, France.
- Paris Descartes University & Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Gerd Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Stéphane Richard-Devantoy
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies (MGSS), McGill University & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Stefanie Köhler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Karl-Jürgen Bär
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies (MGSS), McGill University & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Canada
| | - Fabricio Pereira
- Department of Radiology, Academic Hospital (CHU) of Nîmes & Research Team EA2415, Nîmes, France
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Villa J, Pinkham AE, Kaufmann CN, Granholm E, Harvey PD, Depp CA. Interpersonal beliefs related to suicide and facial emotion processing in psychotic disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 100. [PMID: 29514121 PMCID: PMC5962269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in social cognition are present in psychotic disorders; moreover, maladaptive interpersonal beliefs have been posited to underlie risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. However, the association between social cognition and negative appraisals as potential risk factors for suicidal ideation and behavior in psychotic disorders has not been assessed. In a pilot study, we assessed accuracy and error biases in facial emotion recognition (Penn ER-40), maladaptive interpersonal beliefs as measured by the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ), and current suicide ideation and history of past attempts in a sample of 101 outpatients with psychotic disorders (75 schizophrenia/schizoaffective; 26 bipolar disorder). INQ scores were positively associated with history of suicide attempts and current ideation. INQ scores were inversely related with emotion recognition accuracy yet positively correlated with bias toward perceiving anger in neutral expressions. The association between biases pertaining to anger and INQ scores persisted after adjusting for global cognitive ability and were more evident in schizophrenia than in bipolar disorder. The present findings suggest that maladaptive beliefs are associated with a tendency to misperceive neutral stimuli as threatening and are associated with suicidal ideation and behavior. Although better cognitive ability is associated with higher rates of suicide attempts in psychotic disorders, biases in misinterpreting anger in others may be a specific deficit related to formation of maladaptive beliefs about others, which, in turn, are associated with history of suicide attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Villa
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Amy E Pinkham
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | | | - Eric Granholm
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Philip D Harvey
- Research Service, Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Colin A Depp
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States.
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