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Premraj A, Aleyas AG, Nautiyal B, Rasool TJ. First report of a chemokine from camelids: Dromedary CXCL8 is induced by poxvirus and heavy metal toxicity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 161:105261. [PMID: 39241936 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Low molecular weight proteins, known as chemokines, facilitate the migration and localization of immune cells to the site of infection and injury. One of the first chemokines identified, CXCL8 functions as a key neutrophil activator, recruiting neutrophils to sites of inflammation. Several viral infections, including zoonotic coronaviruses and poxviruses, have been reported to induce the expression of CXCL8. Dromedary camels are known to harbor several potentially zoonotic pathogens, but critical immune molecules such as chemokines remain unidentified. We report here the identification of CXCL8 from the dromedary camel - the first chemokine identified from camelids. The complete dromedary CXCL8 cDNA sequence as well as the corresponding gene sequence from dromedary and two New World camelids - alpaca and llama were cloned. CXCL8 mRNA expression was relatively higher in PBMC, spleen, lung, intestine, and liver. Poly(I:C) and lipopolysaccharide stimulated CXCL8 expression in vitro, while interferon treatment inhibited it. In vitro infection with potentially zoonotic camelpox virus induced the expression of CXCL8 in camel kidney cells. Toxicological studies on camelids have been limited, and no biomarkers have been identified. Hence, we also evaluated CXCL8 mRNA expression as a potential biomarker to assess heavy metal toxicity in camel kidney cells in vitro. CXCL8 expression was increased after in vitro exposure to heavy metal compounds of cobalt and cadmium, suggesting potential utility as a biomarker for renal toxicity in camels. The results of our study demonstrate that camel CXCL8 plays a significant role in immunomodulatory and induced toxicity responses in dromedary camels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Premraj
- Camel Biotechnology Center, Presidential Camels & Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Department of the President's Affairs, PO Box 17292, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abi George Aleyas
- Camel Biotechnology Center, Presidential Camels & Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Department of the President's Affairs, PO Box 17292, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Binita Nautiyal
- Camel Biotechnology Center, Presidential Camels & Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Department of the President's Affairs, PO Box 17292, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thaha Jamal Rasool
- Camel Biotechnology Center, Presidential Camels & Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Department of the President's Affairs, PO Box 17292, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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2
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Shkundin A, Halaris A. IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with Psychoneuroimmunological Processes and Neuropsychiatric Conditions. J Pers Med 2024; 14:488. [PMID: 38793070 PMCID: PMC11122344 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8), an essential CXC chemokine, significantly influences psychoneuroimmunological processes and affects neurological and psychiatric health. It exerts a profound effect on immune cell activation and brain function, suggesting potential roles in both neuroprotection and neuroinflammation. IL-8 production is stimulated by several factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) known to promote inflammation and disease progression. Additionally, CXCL8 gene polymorphisms can alter IL-8 production, leading to potential differences in disease susceptibility, progression, and severity across populations. IL-8 levels vary among neuropsychiatric conditions, demonstrating sensitivity to psychosocial stressors and disease severity. IL-8 can be detected in blood circulation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, making it a promising candidate for a broad-spectrum biomarker. This review highlights the need for further research on the diverse effects of IL-8 and the associated implications for personalized medicine. A thorough understanding of its complex role could lead to the development of more effective and personalized treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelos Halaris
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA;
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Geng Q, Liu B, Fan D, Cao Z, Li L, Lu P, Lin L, Yan L, Xiong Y, He X, Lu J, Chen P, Lu C. Strictosamide ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by targeting ERK2 and mediating NF-κB signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117593. [PMID: 38113987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute lung injury (ALI) ranks among the deadliest pulmonary diseases, significantly impacting mortality and morbidity. Presently, the primary treatment for ALI involves supportive therapy; however, its efficacy remains unsatisfactory. Strictosamide (STR), an indole alkaloid found in the Chinese herbal medicine Nauclea officinalis (Pierre ex Pit.) Merr. & Chun (Wutan), has been found to exhibit numerous pharmacological properties, particularly anti-inflammatory effects. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimes to systematically identify and validate the specific binding proteins targeted by STR and elucidate its anti-inflammatory mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biotin chemical modification, protein microarray analysis and network pharmacology were conducted to screen for potential STR-binding proteins. The binding affinity was assessed through surface plasmon resonance (SPR), cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and molecular docking, and the anti-inflammatory mechanism of STR in ALI treatment was assessed through in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS Biotin chemical modification, protein microarray and network pharmacology identified extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) as the most important binding proteins among 276 candidate STR-interacting proteins and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway was one of the main inflammatory signal transduction pathways. Using SPR, CETSA, and molecular docking, we confirmed STR's affinity for ERK2. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that STR mitigated inflammation by targeting ERK2 to modulate the NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-induced ALI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that STR can inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway to attenuate LPS-induced inflammation by targeting ERK2 and decreasing phosphorylation of ERK2, which could be a novel strategy for treating ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Geng
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Danping Fan
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Cao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Peipei Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Lin Lin
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Lan Yan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Yibai Xiong
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
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De M, Serpa G, Zuiker E, Hisert KB, Liles WC, Manicone AM, Hemann EA, Long ME. MEK1/2 inhibition decreases pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages from people with cystic fibrosis and mitigates severity of illness in experimental murine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1275940. [PMID: 38352056 PMCID: PMC10861668 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1275940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary bacterial infections and associated inflammation remain a cause of morbidity and mortality in people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) despite new modulator therapies. Therapies targeting host factors that dampen detrimental inflammation without suppressing immune responses critical for controlling infections remain limited, while the development of lung infections caused by antimicrobial resistant bacteria is an increasing global problem, and a significant challenge in CF. Pharmacological compounds targeting the mammalian MAPK proteins MEK1 and MEK2, referred to as MEK1/2 inhibitor compounds, have potential combined anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects. Here we examined the immunomodulatory properties of MEK1/2 inhibitor compounds PD0325901, trametinib, and CI-1040 on CF innate immune cells. Human CF macrophage and neutrophil phagocytic functions were assessed by quantifying phagocytosis of serum opsonized pHrodo red E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and zymosan bioparticles. MEK1/2 inhibitor compounds reduced CF macrophage pro-inflammatory cytokine production without impairing CF macrophage or neutrophil phagocytic abilities. Wild-type C57BL6/J and Cftr tm1kth (F508del homozygous) mice were used to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic potential of PD0325901 compared to vehicle treatment in an intranasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection with the community-acquired MRSA strain USA300. In both wild-type and CF mice, PD0325901 reduced inflammation associated body mass loss. Wild-type mice treated with PD0325901 had significant reduction in neutrophil-mediated inflammation compared to vehicle treatment groups, with preserved clearance of bacteria in lung, liver, or spleen 1 day after infection in either wild-type or CF mouse models. In summary, this study provides the first data evaluating the therapeutic potential of MEK1/2 inhibitor to modulate CF immune cells and demonstrates that MEK1/2 inhibitors diminish pro-inflammatory responses without impairing host defense mechanisms required for acute pathogen clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithu De
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gregory Serpa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Eryn Zuiker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | | - W. Conrad Liles
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Anne M. Manicone
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Emily A. Hemann
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Matthew E. Long
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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5
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Li Q, Li S, Xu C, Zhao J, Hou L, Jiang F, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Tian L. microRNA-149-5p mediates the PM 2.5-induced inflammatory response by targeting TAB2 via MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:703-717. [PMID: 34331613 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence has shown that fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-triggered inflammatory cascades are pivotal causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the specific molecular mechanism involved in PM2.5-induced COPD has not been clarified. Herein, we found that PM2.5 significantly downregulated miR-149-5p and activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways and generated the inflammatory response in COPD mice and in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. We determined that increased expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced by PM2.5 was associated with decreased expression of miR-149-5p. The loss- and gain-of-function approach further confirmed that miR-149-5p could inhibit PM2.5-induced cell inflammation in BEAS-2B cells. The double luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-149-5p directly targeted TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 binding protein 2 (TAB2), which regulates the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. We showed that miR-149-5p mediated the inflammatory response by targeting the 3'-UTR sequence of TAB2 and that it subsequently weakened the TAB2 promotor effect via the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in BEAS-2B cells exposed to PM2.5. Thus, miR-149-5p may be a key factor in PM2.5-induced COPD. This study improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Siling Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chunjie Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fuyang Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao Youanmen Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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6
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Yang N, Zhang L, Tian D, Wang P, Men K, Ge Y, Zhang C. Tanshinone increases Hemopexin expression in lung cells and macrophages to protect against cigarette smoke-induced COPD and enhance antiviral responses. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:645-665. [PMID: 36218263 PMCID: PMC9980497 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2129933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease, while respiratory infections can elicit exacerbations in COPD patients to mediate increased mortality. Administration of Tanshinones (TS) derivatives has been demonstrated to protect against cigarette smoking (CS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced COPD progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the roles of TS in mitigating the severity of viral-mediated exacerbations of COPD have not been elucidated. Here, we found that TS treatments significantly attenuated lung function decline, inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in CS and LPS-induced COPD mice. Subsequent RNA-seq analysis revealed significantly upregulated Hemopexin expression and enriched interferons (IFNs) signaling pathways in lung tissues of COPD mice upon TS treatments. Moreover, TS administration demonstrated Hemopexin-dependent beneficial roles in BEAS-2B lung cells and RAW264.7 macrophages, which was associated with the suppression of oxidative stress and ERK, NF-κB, and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways-mediated inflammation. Furthermore, TS promoted IFN signaling and rescued impaired antiviral responses in CS and LPS-exposed lung cells that were infected by influenza virus. Notably, hemopexin over-expression in lung cells and macrophages recapitulated the pharmacological activities of TS. Taken together, these results indicate that TS administration is a promising and potential therapeutic strategy for treating COPD and preventing COPD exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dongdong Tian
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Kai Men
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yiliang Ge
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan
| | - Cailian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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7
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Moroni-González D, Sarmiento-Ortega VE, Diaz A, Brambila E, Treviño S. Pancreas-Liver-Adipose Axis: Target of Environmental Cadmium Exposure Linked to Metabolic Diseases. TOXICS 2023; 11:223. [PMID: 36976988 PMCID: PMC10059892 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium has been well recognized as a critical toxic agent in acute and chronic poisoning cases in occupational and nonoccupational settings and environmental exposure situations. Cadmium is released into the environment after natural and anthropogenic activities, particularly in contaminated and industrial areas, causing food pollution. In the body, cadmium has no biological activity, but it accumulates primarily in the liver and kidney, which are considered the main targets of its toxicity, through oxidative stress and inflammation. However, in the last few years, this metal has been linked to metabolic diseases. The pancreas-liver-adipose axis is largely affected by cadmium accumulation. Therefore, this review aims to collect bibliographic information that establishes the basis for understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms linked to cadmium with carbohydrate, lipids, and endocrine impairments that contribute to developing insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Moroni-González
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Victor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Diaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 22 South. FCQ9, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
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8
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De M, Hisert KB, Liles WC, Manicone AM, Hemann EA, Long ME. MEK1/2 inhibition decreases pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages from people with cystic fibrosis and mitigates severity of illness in experimental murine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.22.525092. [PMID: 36712028 PMCID: PMC9882267 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.22.525092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary bacterial infections and associated inflammation remain a cause of morbidity and mortality in people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) despite new modulator therapies. Therapies targeting host factors that dampen detrimental inflammation without suppressing immune responses critical for controlling infections remain limited, while the acquisition of antibiotic resistance bacterial infections is an increasing global problem, and a significant challenge in CF. Pharmacological compounds targeting the mammalian MAPK proteins MEK1 and MEK2, referred to as MEK1/2 inhibitor compounds, have potential combined anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects. Here we examined the immunomodulatory properties of MEK1/2 inhibitor compounds PD0325901, trametinib, and CI-1040 on CF innate immune cells. Human CF macrophage and neutrophil phagocytic functions were assessed by quantifying phagocytosis of serum opsonized pHrodo red E. coli , Staphylococcus aureus , and zymosan bioparticles. MEK1/2 inhibitor compounds reduced CF macrophage pro-inflammatory cytokine production without impairing CF macrophage or neutrophil phagocytic abilities. Wild-type C57BL6/J and Cftr tm1kth (F508del homozygous) mice were used to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic potential of PD0325901 compared to vehicle treatment in an intranasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection with the community-acquired MRSA strain USA300. In both wild-type and CF mice, PD0325901 reduced infection related weight loss compared to vehicle treatment groups but did not impair clearance of bacteria in lung, liver, or spleen 1 day after infection. In summary, this study provides the first data evaluating the therapeutic potential of MEK1/2 inhibitor to modulate CF immune cells, and demonstrates that MEK1/2 inhibitors dampen pro-inflammatory responses without impairing host defense mechanisms mediating pathogen clearance.
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9
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Sarmiento-Ortega VE, Moroni-González D, Diaz A, Brambila E, Treviño S. ROS and ERK Pathway Mechanistic Approach on Hepatic Insulin Resistance After Chronic Oral Exposure to Cadmium NOAEL Dose. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03471-5. [PMID: 36348173 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a critical toxic agent in occupational and non-occupational settings and acute and chronic environmental exposure situations that have recently been associated with metabolic disease development. Until now, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of cadmium has not been studied regarding insulin resistance development. Therefore, we aimed to monitor whether chronic oral exposure to cadmium NOAEL dose induces insulin resistance in Wistar rats and investigate if oxidative stress and/or inflammation are related. Male Wistar rats were separated into control (standard normocalorie diet + water free of cadmium) and cadmium groups (standard normocalorie diet + drinking water with 15 ppm CdCl2). At 15, 30, and 60 days, oral glucose tolerance, insulin response, and insulin resistance were analyzed using mathematical models. In the liver glycogen, triglyceride, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, cadmium, zinc, metallothioneins, and redox balance were quantified. Immunoreactivity analysis of proteins involved in metabolic and mitogenic insulin signaling was performed. The results showed that a cadmium NOAEL dose after 15 days of exposure causes ROS and mitogenic arm of insulin signaling to increase while hepatic glycogen diminishes. At 30 days, Cd accumulation accentuated ROS production, hepatic triglyceride overaccumulation, and mitogenic signals that develop insulin resistance. Finally, inflammation and lipid peroxidation appear after 60 days of Cd exposure, while lipids and carbohydrate homeostasis deteriorate. In conclusion, environmental exposure to cadmium NAOEL dose causes hepatic Cd accumulation and ROS overproduction that chronically declines the antioxidant defense, deteriorates metabolic homeostasis associated with the mitogenic pathway of insulin signaling, and induces insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 South, FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 72560, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Diana Moroni-González
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 South, FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 72560, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Diaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 22 South, FCQ9, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 72560, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 South, FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 72560, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 South, FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 72560, Puebla, Mexico.
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10
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Mitra A, Rahmawati L, Lee HP, Kim SA, Han CK, Hyun SH, Cho JY. Korean red ginseng water extract inhibits cadmium-induced lung injury via suppressing MAPK/ERK1/2/AP-1 pathway. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:690-699. [PMID: 36090678 PMCID: PMC9459071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies reported the therapeutic effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) in lung inflammatory diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory role and underlying molecular in cadmium-induced lung injury have been poorly understood, directly linked to chronic lung diseases (CLDs): chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cancer etc. Therefore, in this study we aim to investigate the therapeutic activities of water extract of KRG (KRG-WE) in mouse cadmium-induced lung injury model. Method The anti-inflammatory roles and underlying mechanisms of KRG-WE were evaluated in vitro under cadmium-stimulated lung epithelial cells (A549) and HEK293T cell line and in vivo in cadmium-induced lung injury mouse model using semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), luciferase assay, immunoblotting, and FACS. Results KRG-WE strongly ameliorated the symptoms of CdSO4-induced lung injury in mice according to total cell number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and severity scores as well as cytokine levels. KRG-WE significantly suppressed the upregulation of inflammatory signaling comprising mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and their upstream enzymes. In in vitro study, KRG-WE suppressed expression of interleukin (IL)-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and IL-8 while promoting recovery in CdSO4-treated A549 cells. Similarly, KRG-WE reduced phosphorylation of MAPK and c-Jun/c-Fos in cadmium-exposed A549 cells. Conclusion KRG-WE was found to attenuate symptoms of cadmium-induced lung injury and reduce the expression of inflammatory genes by suppression of MAPK/AP-1-mediated pathway.
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11
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Wellmerling J, Rayner RE, Chang SW, Kairis EL, Kim SH, Sharma A, Boyaka PN, Cormet-Boyaka E. Targeting the EGFR-ERK axis using the compatible solute ectoine to stabilize CFTR mutant F508del. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22270. [PMID: 35412656 PMCID: PMC9009300 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100458rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the CFTR gene lead to cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease associated with chronic infection and inflammation and ultimately respiratory failure. The most common CF-causing mutation is F508del and CFTR modulators (correctors and potentiators) are being developed to rescue its trafficking and activity defects. However, there are currently no modulators that stabilize the rescued membrane F508del-CFTR which is endocytosed and quickly degraded resulting in a shorter half-life than wild-type (WT). We previously reported that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK pathway is involved in CFTR degradation upon cigarette smoke exposure. Interestingly, we found that ERK phosphorylation was increased in CF human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells (CF-HBE41o- and primary CF-HBE) compared to non-CF controls, and this was likely due to signaling by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). EGFR can be activated by several ligands, and we provide evidence that amphiregulin (AREG) is important for activating this signaling axis in CF. The natural osmolyte ectoine stabilizes membrane macromolecules. We show that ectoine decreases ERK phosphorylation, increases the half-life of rescued CFTR, and increases CFTR-mediated chloride transport in combination with the CFTR corrector VX-661. Additionally, ectoine reduces production of AREG and interleukin-8 by CF primary bronchial epithelial cells. In conclusion, EGFR-ERK signaling negatively regulates CFTR and is hyperactive in CF, and targeting this axis with ectoine may prove beneficial for CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Wellmerling
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rachael E Rayner
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sheng-Wei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Kairis
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Prosper N Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Estelle Cormet-Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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12
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Anka AU, Usman AB, Kaoje AN, Kabir RM, Bala A, Kazem Arki M, Hossein-Khannazer N, Azizi G. Potential mechanisms of some selected heavy metals in the induction of inflammation and autoimmunity. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221122719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological event that protects tissues from infection and injury. Chronic inflammation causes immune cell over activation and sustained release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines cause pathologic conditions including autoimmune diseases. Heavy metals exposure affects innate and adaptive immune systems through triggering inflammatory responses. It seems that extended inflammatory responses could accelerate heavy metal-induced autoimmunity. In the present review we discuss the exposure route and toxicity of Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Vanadium (V) and Platinum (Pt) and their effects on inflammatory responses by innate and adaptive immune system and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar U Anka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Abubakar B Usman
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Abubakar N Kaoje
- Department of Health Services, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
| | - Ramadan M Kabir
- Laboratory Department, Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Bala
- Hematology Department, Federal Medical Center, Katsina, Nigeria
| | - Mandana Kazem Arki
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Taghavizadeh Yazdi ME, Amiri MS, Nourbakhsh F, Rahnama M, Forouzanfar F, Mousavi SH. Bio-indicators in cadmium toxicity: Role of HSP27 and HSP70. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:26359-26379. [PMID: 33834331 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13687-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of proteins that are expressed by cells in reply to stressors. The changes in concentration of HSPs could be utilized as a bio-indicator of oxidative stress caused by heavy metal. Exposure to the different heavy metals may induce or reduce the expression of different HSPs. The exposure to cadmium ion (Cd2+) could increase HSP70 and HSP27 over 2- to 10-fold or even more. The in vitro and in vivo models indicate that the HSP70 family is more sensitive to Cd intoxication than other HSPs. The analyses of other HSPs along with HSP70, especially HSP27, could also be useful to obtain more accurate results. In this regard, this review focuses on examining the literature to bold the futuristic uses of HSPs as bio-indicators in the initial assessment of Cd exposure risks in defined environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fahimeh Nourbakhsh
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rahnama
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hadi Mousavi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Tsunoda M, Fukasawa M, Nishihara A, Takada L, Asano M. JunB can enhance the transcription of IL-8 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:309-317. [PMID: 32510596 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitor MG132 was shown to enhance the secretion of interleukin 8 (IL-8) by various cells. The enhancement is regulated by the transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) at the transcriptional level. AP-1 is a dimer formed by AP-1 family proteins. The purpose of the present study was to explore the combinations of the AP-1 family proteins that contribute to MG132-driven IL-8 secretion. Oral squamous cell carcinoma-derived cell lines, Ca9-22 and HSC3, were used to demonstrate their response to MG132. IL-8 secretion was augmented by MG132 in both cell lines. c-Jun expression was detected in both the cell lines, whereas c-Fos expression was detected only in the HSC3. The influence of MG132 stimulation on c-Jun and c-Fos expression was further examined by western blot analysis. c-Jun expression was increased by MG132 stimulation, whereas c-Fos expression was not detected even after MG132 stimulation. As JunB is reported to inhibit the transcriptional activity of the AP-1 complex, we speculated that the c-Jun homodimer should contribute to IL-8 enhancement. Expression vectors encoding wild type and c-Jun mutants, M17 and M22-23, respectively, were constructed and transfected into the Ca9-22 cells. In contrast to our expectations, MG132-induced IL-8 secretion was significantly reduced in all the transfectants suggesting that other c-Jun members might form homodimers with c-Jun and contribute to IL-8 enhancement. Transfection of the cells with c-Jun or JunB small hairpin RNA (shRNA) reduced IL-8 secretion up to 50% and 65% of the control shRNA transfectant. Furthermore, cotransfection of both shRNA almost completely inhibited the IL-8 secretion. These results indicate that JunB not only inhibits but also enhances the transcription of c-Jun targets in combination with c-Jun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Tsunoda
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Immunology and Pathobiology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Fukasawa
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anna Nishihara
- Division of Oral Structural and Functional Biology, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Leo Takada
- Division of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatake Asano
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Immunology and Pathobiology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Hossein-Khannazer N, Azizi G, Eslami S, Alhassan Mohammed H, Fayyaz F, Hosseinzadeh R, Usman AB, Kamali AN, Mohammadi H, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Dehghanifard E, Noorisepehr M. The effects of cadmium exposure in the induction of inflammation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 42:1-8. [PMID: 31793820 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2019.1697284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological process essential for maintaining homeostatic mechanisms in human, but however, exaggerated inflammatory responses are closely related to many chronic diseases. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal with high toxicity when present in food, water and air has the potential of eliciting inflammatory reactions, with a major health risk to human. This review aimed to elucidate on the major routes of Cd exposure, the main organs affected by the exposure, the degree of toxicity as well as the roles of the toxic effects on the immune system which results to inflammatory responses. Immune modulation by Cd may cause serious adverse health effects in humans. Various studies have highlighted the ability of Cd as an environmental pollutant involved in the modulation of the innate, adaptive and mucosal immune responses in relations to the release of chemokine, gene expression, and susceptibility to microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Solat Eslami
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hussaini Alhassan Mohammed
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Farimah Fayyaz
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abubakar B Usman
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Ali N Kamali
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,CinnaGen Research and Production Co., Alborz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Emad Dehghanifard
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment (RCHSE), Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Noorisepehr
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment (RCHSE), Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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16
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Pérez Díaz MFF, Plateo Pignatari MG, Filippa VP, Mohamed FH, Marchevsky EJ, Gimenez MS, Ramirez DC. A soybean-based diet modulates cadmium-induced vascular apoptosis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 52:239-246. [PMID: 30732889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The diet is a modifiable source of protecting or damaging factors that may affect this risk. Herein we tested the hypothesis that a soybean-based diet (SBD) protects the vascular wall of the aorta against Cd-induced pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects. To test this hypothesis, we fed male Wistar rats for 60 days with a casein-based diet (CBD) or an SBD. These animals were also exposed to tap-water without (CBD-Co/SBD-Co) or with 15(CBD-15Cd/SBD-15Cd) or 100 (CBD-100Cd/SBD-100Cd) ppm of Cd. Inflammatory parameters (mRNAs and/or proteins) were measured in thoracic aorta tissue. These included inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthases, cyclooxygenase-2, intracellular-adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1. As pro-apoptotic parameters, we measured Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA/protein, as well as TUNEL positive cells in the aorta tissue. Compared to CBD-Co, inflammatory and apoptosis markers increased in the aorta with the concentration of Cd in the drinking water. These effects were not observed in either SBD-15Cd or SBD-100Cd, which were similar to CBD-Co. Cd content in serum and in aortas from animals fed CBD-Co/SBD-15Cd or CBD-Co/SBD-100Cd were similar suggesting that, if any, the effect of SBD is not due to changes in Cd bioaccumulation, but due to secondary effects linked to the composition of the dietary soybean flour. Our findings are consistent with a protective effect of an SBD against Cd-induced inflammation and apoptosis in the thoracic aorta in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías F F Pérez Díaz
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Environment, and Metabolism, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Maria G Plateo Pignatari
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Environment, and Metabolism, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Verónica P Filippa
- Laboratory of Histology, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Fabián H Mohamed
- Laboratory of Histology, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Eduardo J Marchevsky
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - María S Gimenez
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Environment, and Metabolism, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
| | - Dario C Ramirez
- Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
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17
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Guo C, Robertson S, Weber RJM, Buckley A, Warren J, Hodgson A, Rappoport JZ, Ignatyev K, Meldrum K, Römer I, Macchiarulo S, Chipman JK, Marczylo T, Leonard MO, Gant TW, Viant MR, Smith R. Pulmonary toxicity of inhaled nano-sized cerium oxide aerosols in Sprague-Dawley rats. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:733-750. [PMID: 30704321 PMCID: PMC6816500 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1554751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs), used in some diesel fuel additives to improve fuel combustion efficiency and exhaust filter operation, have been detected in ambient air and concerns have been raised about their potential human health impact. The majority of CeO2NP inhalation studies undertaken to date have used aerosol particles of larger sizes than the evidence suggests are emitted from vehicles using such fuel additives. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of inhaled CeO2NP aerosols of a more environmentally relevant size, utilizing a combination of methods, including untargeted multi-omics to enable the broadest possible survey of molecular responses and synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy to investigate cerium speciation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed by nose-only inhalation to aerosolized CeO2NPs (mass concentration 1.8 mg/m3, aerosol count median diameter 40 nm) for 3 h/d for 4 d/week, for 1 or 2 weeks and sacrificed at 3 and 7 d post-exposure. Markers of inflammation changed significantly in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which, combined with results from lung histopathology and gene expression analyses suggest an inflammatory response greater than that seen in studies using micron-sized ceria aerosols. Lipidomics of lung tissue revealed changes to minor lipid species, implying specific rather than general cellular effects. Cerium speciation analysis indicated a change in Ce3+/Ce4+ ratio within lung tissue. Collectively, these results in conjunction with earlier studies emphasize the importance of aerosol particle size on toxicity determination. Furthermore, the limited effect resolution within 7 d suggested the possibility of longer-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Guo
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Sarah Robertson
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Ralf J M Weber
- b School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham, B15 2TT , UK
| | - Alison Buckley
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - James Warren
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Alan Hodgson
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Joshua Z Rappoport
- c Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , Northwestern University , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Konstantin Ignatyev
- d Diamond Light Source Ltd , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0DE , UK
| | - Kirsty Meldrum
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Isabella Römer
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Sameirah Macchiarulo
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - James Kevin Chipman
- b School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham, B15 2TT , UK
| | - Tim Marczylo
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Martin O Leonard
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Timothy W Gant
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
| | - Mark R Viant
- b School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham, B15 2TT , UK
| | - Rachel Smith
- a Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot, Oxfordshire , OX11 0RQ , UK
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18
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Das SC, Al-Naemi HA. Cadmium Toxicity: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Tissue Injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/odem.2019.74012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Hu J, Wang H, Hu YF, Xu XF, Chen YH, Xia MZ, Zhang C, Xu DX. Cadmium induces inflammatory cytokines through activating Akt signaling in mouse placenta and human trophoblast cells. Placenta 2018; 65:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Nakajima M, Kawaguchi M, Matsuyama M, Ota K, Fujita J, Matsukura S, Huang SK, Morishima Y, Ishii Y, Satoh H, Sakamoto T, Hizawa N. Transcription Elongation Factor P-TEFb Is Involved in IL-17F Signaling in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2018; 176:83-90. [PMID: 29649811 DOI: 10.1159/000488154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-17F is involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases, including asthma and COPD. However, the effects of steroids on the function of IL-17F signaling mechanisms are largely unknown. One of the transcription elongation factors, positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) composed of cyclin T1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), is known as a novel checkpoint regulator of gene expression via bromodomain-containing protein 4 (Brd4). METHODS Human airway smooth muscle cells were stimulated with IL-17F and the expression of IL-8 was evaluated by real-time PCR and ELISA. Next, the phosphorylation of CDK9 was determined by Western blotting. The CDK9 inhibitor and short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting Brd4, cyclin T1, and CDK9 were used to identify the effect on IL-17F-induced IL-8 expression. Finally, the effect of steroids and its signaling were evaluated. RESULTS IL-17F markedly induced the transcription of the IL-8 gene and the expression of the protein. Pretreatment of CDK9 inhibitor and transfection of siRNAs targeting CDK9 markedly abrogated IL-17F-induced IL-8 production. Transfection of siRNAs targeting Brd4 and cyclin T1 diminished IL-17F-induced phosphorylation of CDK9 and IL-8 production. Moreover, budesonide decreased CDK9 phosphorylation and markedly inhibited IL-17F-induced IL-8 production. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report that P-TEFb is involved in IL-17F-induced IL-8 expression and that steroids diminish it via the inhibition of CDK9 phosphorylation. IL-17F and P-TEFb might be novel therapeutic targets for airway inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nakajima
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mio Kawaguchi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masashi Matsuyama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ota
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujita
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsukura
- Respiratory Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Johns Hopkins University, Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Yuko Morishima
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yukio Ishii
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Satoh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tohru Sakamoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hizawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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21
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Involvement of Alveolar Macrophages and Neutrophils in Acute Lung Injury After Scorpion Envenomation: New Pharmacological Targets. Inflammation 2018; 41:773-783. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0731-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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22
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Tinkov AA, Filippini T, Ajsuvakova OP, Aaseth J, Gluhcheva YG, Ivanova JM, Bjørklund G, Skalnaya MG, Gatiatulina ER, Popova EV, Nemereshina ON, Vinceti M, Skalny AV. The role of cadmium in obesity and diabetes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:741-755. [PMID: 28577409 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple studies have shown an association between environmental exposure to hazardous chemicals including toxic metals and obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. At the same time, the existing data on the impact of cadmium exposure on obesity and diabetes are contradictory. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to review the impact of cadmium exposure and status on the risk and potential etiologic mechanisms of obesity and diabetes. In addition, since an effect of cadmium exposure on incidence of diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance was suggested by several epidemiologic studies, we carried out a meta-analysis of all studies assessing risk of prevalence and incidence of diabetes. By comparing the highest versus the lowest cadmium exposure category, we found a high risk of diabetes incidence (odds ratio=1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.12-1.71), which was higher for studies using urine as exposure assessment. On the converse, results of epidemiologic studies linking cadmium exposure and overweight or obesity are far less consistent and even conflicting, also depending on differences in exposure levels and the specific marker of exposure (blood, urine, hair, nails). In turn, laboratory studies demonstrated that cadmium adversely affects adipose tissue physiopathology through several mechanisms, thus contributing to increased insulin resistance and enhancing diabetes. However, intimate biological mechanisms linking Cd exposure with obesity and diabetes are still to be adequately investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia; RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Jan Aaseth
- Department of Public Health, Hedmark University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway; Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Yordanka G Gluhcheva
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Juliana M Ivanova
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Eugenia R Gatiatulina
- Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia; South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V Popova
- Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia; St Joseph University in Tanzania, St Joseph College of Health Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; RUDN University, Moscow, Russia; Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia
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23
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Ryu HW, Park YJ, Lee SU, Lee S, Yuk HJ, Seo KH, Kim YU, Hwang BY, Oh SR. Potential Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Fruits of Paulownia tomentosa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2659-2665. [PMID: 28968119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As part of an ongoing search for new natural products from medicinal plants to treat respiratory disease, six new compounds, a dihydroflavonol (1) and five C-geranylated flavanones (3, 6, 8, 13, and 14), and 13 known compounds were isolated from mature fruits of Paulownia tomentosa. The structures of the new compounds were determined via interpretation of their spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR, ECD, and MS). In biological activity assays with human alveolar basal epithelial cells, the expression of TNF-α-induced proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and IL-6) was reduced significantly by the EtOAc fraction of a P. tomentosa extract as well as by the new compounds isolated from this fraction. Furthermore, the majority of the isolates (1-19 except 5-7) were found to inhibit human neutrophil elastase (HNE) activity, with IC50 values ranging from 2.4 ± 1.0 to 74.7 ± 8.5 μM. In kinetic enzymatic assays with the HNE substrate MeOSuc-AAPV-pNA, compound 17 exhibited the highest inhibitory activity (Ki = 3.2 μM) via noncompetitive inhibition. These findings suggest that the flavanone constituents of P. tomentosa fruits may be valuable for the development of new drug candidates to treat airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yhun Jung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University , Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ui Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoghyun Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Joo Yuk
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hwa Seo
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeah-Un Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University , Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
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24
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Lewin G, Hurtt ME. Pre- and Postnatal Lung Development: An Updated Species Comparison. Birth Defects Res 2017; 109:1519-1539. [PMID: 28876535 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to give an outline of respiratory tract morphological and functional development with an emphasis on perinatal and postnatal maturational processes. In view of the rising need for qualitative and quantitative data for the development of pediatric pharmaceuticals, a comparison of the human situation to experimental animal models is made, and functional data as well as suitable models for human airway diseases and functional testing are presented. Birth Defects Research 109:1519-1539, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark E Hurtt
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut
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25
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Kim J, Song H, Heo HR, Kim JW, Kim HR, Hong Y, Yang SR, Han SS, Lee SJ, Kim WJ, Hong SH. Cadmium-induced ER stress and inflammation are mediated through C/EBP-DDIT3 signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e372. [PMID: 28860664 PMCID: PMC5628270 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a major component of cigarette smoke, disrupts the normal functions of airway cells and can lead to the development of various pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the molecular mechanisms involved in Cd-induced pulmonary diseases are poorly understood. Here, we identified a cluster of genes that are altered in response to Cd exposure in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and demonstrated that Cd-induced ER stress and inflammation are mediated via CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP)-DNA-damaged-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) signaling in BEAS-2B cells. Cd treatment led to marked upregulation and downregulation of genes associated with the cell cycle, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation as well as various signal transduction pathways. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that Cd treatment stimulated the C/EBP signaling pathway and induced transcriptional activation of its downstream target genes, including DDIT3. Suppression of DDIT3 expression using specific small interfering RNA effectively alleviated Cd-induced ER stress and inflammatory responses in both BEAS-2B and normal primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Taken together, these data suggest that C/EBP signaling may have a pivotal role in the early induction of ER stress and inflammatory responses by Cd exposure and could be a molecular target for Cd-induced pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Haengseok Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ryeon Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jung Woon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ryun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yoonki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seon-Sook Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Joon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
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26
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Honda A, Chowdhury PH, Ito S, Okano H, Onishi T, Kawaryu Y, Ueda K, Takano H. Synergic effects of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone and cadmium on pro-inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 52:276-279. [PMID: 28477472 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the synergic effects of components of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) on airway inflammation. Co-exposure to cadmium (Cd) and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (9,10-PQ) additively/synergistically increased pro-inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells, whereas co-exposure to Cd and phenanthrene resulted in no acceleration. These results suggest that the combination of metal and a quinone derivative can contribute to the exacerbation of respiratory diseases by PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Honda
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Pratiti Home Chowdhury
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sho Ito
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okano
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshinori Onishi
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawaryu
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kayo Ueda
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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27
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Phuagkhaopong S, Ospondpant D, Kasemsuk T, Sibmooh N, Soodvilai S, Power C, Vivithanaporn P. Cadmium-induced IL-6 and IL-8 expression and release from astrocytes are mediated by MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Neurotoxicology 2017; 60:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jin Y, Liu L, Zhang S, He R, Wu Y, Chen G, Fu Z. Cadmium exposure to murine macrophages decreases their inflammatory responses and increases their oxidative stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:168-175. [PMID: 26363317 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant that poses serious risks to human and wildlife health. The oxidative stress and inflammatory responses induced by Cd were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells. A significant decrease in the cell viability was observed in the group treated with 3 µM Cd for 24 h. The mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1α (IL1α) and Interleukin-1β (IL1β) were generally increased or decreased by Cd exposure for 6 and 24 h, respectively. Moreover, pretreatment of the RAW264.7 cells with Cd for 24 h inhibited the transcriptional status of TNFα, IL6, IL1α and IL1β and the release of these cytokines in response to a 6-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the Cd exposure elicited oxidative stress not only by disturbing the transcriptional status of genes including superoxide dismutase (Sod), catalase (Cat), glutathione peroxidase(Gpx), glutathione S-transferase 1 a (Gst1a), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1(Nqo1), heme oxygenase 1(Ho-1) but also the enzyme activities of SOD, CAT and glutathione S-transferase (GST). The effects of Cd on the mRNA levels and activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were dependent on the exposure period and dose. These results suggested that Cd exposure generated oxidative stress and decreased the inflammatory responses in a murine macrophage cell line. Furthermore, oxidative stress may be a possible mechanism to explain the dysregulation of the immune function caused by heavy metals in this in vitro system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Songbin Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Rongjun He
- College of Ocean, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yan Wu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Guanliang Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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29
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Song SY, Bae CH, Choi YS, Kim YD. Cadmium induces mucin 8 expression via Toll-like receptor 4-mediated extracellular signal related kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in human airway epithelial cells. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2016; 6:638-45. [PMID: 26782637 DOI: 10.1002/alr.21705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhalation of cadmium can lead to development of inflammatory airway diseases such as acute pulmonary edema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In inflammatory airway diseases, expression of mucins is increased, which leads to increased morbidity and mortality of the affected patients. However, no study on the effect of cadmium on expression of mucin genes in airway epithelial cells has been reported. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to investigate the effect and the brief signaling pathway of cadmium on expression of mucin genes in human airway epithelial cells. METHODS In mucin-producing human NCI-H292 airway epithelial cells and primary cultures of normal nasal epithelial cells, the effect and signaling pathway of cadmium on expression of mucin genes were investigated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time PCR, enzyme immunoassay, and immunoblot analysis with several specific inhibitors and small interfering RNA (siRNA). RESULTS Cadmium increased mucin 8 (MUC8) expression and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Cadmium significantly activated phosphorylation of extracellular signal related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and p38 MAPK. ERK1/2 MAPK inhibitor, p38 MAPK inhibitor, TLR4 siRNA, ERK1/2 MAPK siRNA, and p38 MAPK siRNA significantly blocked cadmium-induced MUC8 mRNA expression. TLR4 siRNA significantly blocked cadmium-activated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 MAPK and p38 MAPK. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest for the first time that cadmium induces MUC8 expression via TLR4-mediated ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathway in human airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Youn Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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30
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Subtoxic Doses of Cadmium Modulate Inflammatory Properties of Murine RAW 264.7 Macrophages. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:295303. [PMID: 26339604 PMCID: PMC4538338 DOI: 10.1155/2015/295303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that exhibits various adverse effects in the human and animal organism. Its resemblance to essential metals such as calcium, iron, and zinc leads to an unintended uptake in cells after intake through inhalation and ingestion. In this study we investigated the toxicity and the immunomodulatory potential of Cd in nonactivated and activated murine macrophages (i.e., cell line RAW 264.7). Cadmium alone caused a dose-dependent decreased viability of exposed cells. Subtoxic Cd concentrations delayed cell death in macrophages, resulting from cytotoxic storm, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), in response to their stimulation by bacterial antigens via pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). In addition, production of selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, the chemokine CXCL1 (KC), and NO was determined. We observed that proinflammatory IL-1β and also CXCL1 were highly upregulated whereas anti-inflammatory or regulatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 were suppressed by 10 µM Cd. Also production of antibacterial NO was significantly reduced through exposure to 10 µM Cd, maybe explaining better survival of macrophages. Additionally, we could show by analysis via ICP-MS that different effects of Cd in nonactivated and activated macrophages definitely did not result from different Cd uptake rates.
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31
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Xu X, Balsiger R, Tyrrell J, Boyaka PN, Tarran R, Cormet-Boyaka E. Cigarette smoke exposure reveals a novel role for the MEK/ERK1/2 MAPK pathway in regulation of CFTR. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1224-32. [PMID: 25697727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator plays a key role in maintenance of lung fluid homeostasis. Cigarette smoke decreases CFTR expression in the lung but neither the mechanisms leading to CFTR loss, nor potential ways to prevent its loss have been identified to date. METHODS The molecular mechanisms leading to down-regulation of CFTR by cigarette smoke were determined using pharmacologic inhibitors and silencing ribonucleic acids (RNAs). RESULTS Using human bronchial epithelial cells, here we show that cigarette smoke induces degradation of CFTR that is attenuated by lysosomal inhibitors, but not proteasome inhibitors. Cigarette smoke can activate multiple signaling pathways in airway epithelial cells, including the MEK/Erk1/2 MAPK (MEK: mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase Erk1/2: extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway regulating cell survival. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of the MEK/Erk1/2 MAPK pathway prevented the loss of plasma membrane CFTR upon cigarette smoke exposure. Similarly, decreased expression of Erk1/2 using silencing RNAs prevented the suppression of CFTR protein by cigarette smoke. Conversely, specific inhibitors of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) or p38 MAPK pathways had no effect on CFTR decrease after cigarette smoke exposure. In addition, inhibition of the MEK/Erk1/2 MAPK pathway prevented the reduction of the airway surface liquid observed upon cigarette smoke exposure of primary human airway epithelial cells. Finally, addition of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine inhibited activation of Erk1/2 by cigarette smoke and precluded the cigarette smoke-induced decrease of CFTR. CONCLUSIONS These results show that the MEK/Erk1/2 MAPK pathway regulates plasma membrane CFTR in human airway cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The MEK/Erk1/2 MAPK pathway should be considered as a target for strategies to maintain/restore CFTR expression in the lung of smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Xu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Robert Balsiger
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jean Tyrrell
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Prosper N Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Robert Tarran
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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32
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Erin N, Nizam E, Tanrıöver G, Köksoy S. Autocrine control of MIP-2 secretion from metastatic breast cancer cells is mediated by CXCR2: a mechanism for possible resistance to CXCR2 antagonists. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 150:57-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Gottipati KR, Bandari SK, Nonnenmann MW, Levin JL, Dooley GP, Reynolds SJ, Boggaram V. Transcriptional mechanisms and protein kinase signaling mediate organic dust induction of IL-8 expression in lung epithelial and THP-1 cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 308:L11-21. [PMID: 25398986 PMCID: PMC4281698 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00215.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the agricultural work environment is a risk factor for the development of respiratory symptoms and chronic lung diseases. Inflammation is an important contributor to the pathogenesis of tissue injury and disease. Cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating lung inflammatory responses to agricultural dust are not yet fully understood. We studied the effects of poultry dust extract on molecular regulation of interleukin-8 (IL-8), a proinflammatory cytokine, in A549 and Beas2B lung epithelial and THP-1 monocytic cells. Our findings indicate that poultry dust extract potently induces IL-8 levels by increasing IL-8 gene transcription without altering IL-8 mRNA stability. Increase in IL-8 promoter activity was due to enhanced binding of activator protein 1 and NF-κB. IL-8 induction was associated with protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and inhibited by PKC and MAPK inhibitors. IL-8 increase was not inhibited by polymyxin B or l-nitroarginine methyl ester, indicating lack of involvement of lipopolysaccharide and nitric oxide in the induction. Lung epithelial and THP-1 cells share common mechanisms for induction of IL-8 levels. Our findings identify key roles for transcriptional mechanisms and protein kinase signaling pathways for IL-8 induction and provide insights into the mechanisms regulating lung inflammatory responses to organic dust exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koteswara R Gottipati
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Shiva Kumar Bandari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Matthew W Nonnenmann
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Jeffrey L Levin
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Gregory P Dooley
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Stephen J Reynolds
- High Plains Intermountain Center for Agricultural Health and Safety, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Vijay Boggaram
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas;
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Khoi PN, Xia Y, Lian S, Kim HD, Kim DH, Joo YE, Chay KO, Kim KK, Jung YD. Cadmium induces urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor expression and the cell invasiveness of human gastric cancer cells via the ERK-1/2, NF-κB, and AP-1 signaling pathways. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1760-8. [PMID: 25069788 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium exposure has been linked to human cancers, including stomach cancer. In this study, the effects of cadmium on urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) expression in human gastric cancer cells and the underlying signal transduction pathways were investigated. Cadmium induced uPAR expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Cadmium also induced uPAR promoter activity. Additionally, cadmium induced the activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK-1/2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and the activation of c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK). A specific inhibitor of MEK-1 (PD98059) inhibited cadmium-induced uPAR expression, while JNK and p38 MAPK inhibitors did not. Expression vectors encoding dominant-negative MEK-1 (pMCL-K97M) also prevented cadmium-induced uPAR promoter activity. Site-directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility shift studies showed that sites for the transcription factors nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) were involved in cadmium-induced uPAR transcription. Suppression of the cadmium-induced uPAR promoter activity by a mutated-type NF-κB-inducing kinase and I-κB and an AP-1 decoy oligonucleotide confirmed that the activation of NF-κB and AP-1 are essential for cadmium-induced uPAR upregulation. Cells pretreated with cadmium showed markedly enhanced invasiveness and this effect was partially abrogated by uPAR-neutralizing antibodies and by inhibitors of ERK-1/2, NF-κB, and AP-1. These results suggest that cadmium induces uPAR expression via ERK-1/2, NF-κB, and AP-1 signaling pathways and, in turn, stimulates cell invasiveness in human gastric cancer AGS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Ngoc Khoi
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Xia
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Sen Lian
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Dong Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyun Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Eun Joo
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Oh Chay
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Keun Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
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36
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Increased plasma IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, and G-CSF in Japanese narcolepsy. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:940-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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García-Esquinas E, Pollan M, Tellez-Plaza M, Francesconi KA, Goessler W, Guallar E, Umans JG, Yeh J, Best LG, Navas-Acien A. Cadmium exposure and cancer mortality in a prospective cohort: the strong heart study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2014; 122:363-70. [PMID: 24531129 PMCID: PMC3984227 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1306587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association of long-term Cd exposure, as measured in urine, with cancer mortality in American Indians from Arizona, Oklahoma, and North and South Dakota who participated in the Strong Heart Study during 1989-1991. METHODS The Strong Heart Study was a prospective cohort study of 3,792 men and women 45-74 years of age who were followed for up to 20 years. Baseline urinary Cd (U-Cd) was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We assessed cancer events by annual mortality surveillance. RESULTS The median (interquintile range) U-Cd concentration was 0.93 (0.55, 1.63) μg/g creatinine. After adjusting for sex, age, smoking status, cigarette pack-years, and body mass index, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) comparing the 80th versus the 20th percentiles of U-Cd were 1.30 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.55) for total cancer, 2.27 (95% CI: 1.58, 3.27) for lung cancer, and 2.40 (95% CI: 1.39, 4.17) for pancreatic cancer mortality. For all smoking-related cancers combined, the corresponding HR was 1.56 (95% CI: 1.24, 1.96). Cd was not significantly associated with liver, esophagus and stomach, colon and rectum, breast, prostate, kidney, or lymphatic and hematopoietic cancer mortality. On the basis of mediation analysis, we estimated that the percentage of lung cancer deaths due to tobacco smoking that could be attributed to Cd exposure was 9.0% (95% CI: 2.8, 21.8). CONCLUSIONS Low-to-moderate Cd exposure was prospectively associated with total cancer mortality and with mortality from cancers of the lung and pancreas. The implementation of population-based preventive measures to decrease Cd exposure could contribute to reducing the burden of cancer.
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Breunig C, Mueller BJ, Umansky L, Wahl K, Hoffmann K, Lehner F, Manns MP, Bantel H, Falk CS. BRaf and MEK Inhibitors Differentially Regulate Cell Fate and Microenvironment in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:2410-23. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Huang YY, Xia MZ, Wang H, Liu XJ, Hu YF, Chen YH, Zhang C, Xu DX. Cadmium selectively induces MIP-2 and COX-2 through PTEN-mediated Akt activation in RAW264.7 cells. Toxicol Sci 2014; 138:310-21. [PMID: 24449419 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence demonstrates that cadmium (Cd) induces inflammation, but its mechanisms remain obscure. The present study showed that treatment with CdCl₂ selectively upregulates macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in RAW264.7 cells. Concomitantly, Cd²⁺ markedly elevated the level of phosphorylated Akt in dose- and time-dependent manners. LY294002, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), blocked Cd²⁺-evoked Akt phosphorylation. Correspondingly, LY294002 significantly repressed Cd²⁺-induced upregulation of MIP-2 and COX-2 in RAW264.7 cells. Further experiments showed that treatment with Cd²⁺ significantly reduced the level of PTEN protein in RAW264.7 cells. MG132, a specific proteasome inhibitor, blocked Cd²⁺-induced reduction in PTEN protein as well as Akt phosphorylation, implicating the involvement of proteasome-mediated PTEN degradation. Of interest, Cd²⁺-induced degradation of PTEN protein appears to be associated with PTEN ubiquitination. N-acetylcysteine, a glutathione (GSH) precursor, blocked Cd²⁺-evoked PTEN degradation as well as Akt phosphorylation. By contrast, L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of cellular GSH synthesis, exacerbated Cd²⁺-induced PTEN degradation and Akt phosphorylation. Alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone and vitamin C, two antioxidants, did not prevent from Cd²⁺-induced PTEN degradation and Akt phosphorylation. In conclusion, Cd²⁺ selectively induces MIP-2 and COX-2 through PTEN-mediated PI3K/Akt activation. Cellular GSH depletion mediates Cd²⁺-induced PTEN degradation and subsequent PI3K/Akt activation in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Yin Huang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Boggaram V, Gottipati KR, Wang X, Samten B. Early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression in lung epithelial cells via protein kinase signaling and reactive oxygen species. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:25500-25511. [PMID: 23867456 PMCID: PMC3757211 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.448217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is critical for the virulence and pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis. IL-8, a major chemotactic cytokine for neutrophils and T lymphocytes, plays important roles in the development of lung injury. To further understand the role of ESAT-6 in lung pathology associated with tuberculosis development, we studied the effects of ESAT-6 on the regulation of IL-8 expression in lung epithelial cells. ESAT-6 induced IL-8 expression by increasing IL-8 gene transcription and mRNA stability. ESAT-6 induction of IL-8 promoter activity was dependent on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding and sensitive to pharmacological inhibition of PKC and ERK and p38 MAPK pathways. ESAT-6 activated ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and rapidly induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Dimethylthiourea but not mannitol inhibited IL-8 induction by ESAT-6, further supporting the involvement of ROS in the induction of IL-8 expression. Exposure of mice to ESAT-6 induced localized inflammatory cell aggregate formation with characteristics of early granuloma concomitant with increased keratinocyte chemoattractant CXCL1 staining in bronchiolar and alveolar type II epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages. Our studies have identified a signal transduction pathway involving ROS, PKC, ERK, and p38 MAPKs and NF-κB and AP-1 in the ESAT-6 induction of IL-8 expression in lung epithelial cells. This has important implications for the understanding of lung innate immune responses to tuberculosis and the pathogenesis of lung injury in tuberculosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Bacterial/metabolism
- Antigens, Bacterial/pharmacology
- Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
- Bacterial Proteins/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Interleukin-8/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-8/genetics
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- MAP Kinase Signaling System
- Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism
- Macrophages, Alveolar/pathology
- Mice
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Protein Kinases/genetics
- Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Respiratory Mucosa/metabolism
- Respiratory Mucosa/pathology
- Transcription Factor AP-1/genetics
- Transcription Factor AP-1/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/genetics
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Boggaram
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and the Center for Pulmonary Infectious Disease Control, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas 75708-3154.
| | - Koteswara R Gottipati
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and the Center for Pulmonary Infectious Disease Control, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas 75708-3154
| | - Xisheng Wang
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and the Center for Pulmonary Infectious Disease Control, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas 75708-3154
| | - Buka Samten
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and the Center for Pulmonary Infectious Disease Control, University of Texas Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas 75708-3154
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Xu Y, Zhao Y, Xu W, Luo F, Wang B, Li Y, Pang Y, Liu Q. Involvement of HIF-2α-mediated inflammation in arsenite-induced transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 272:542-50. [PMID: 23811328 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a well established human carcinogen that causes diseases of the lung. Some studies have suggested a link between inflammation and lung cancer; however, it is unknown if arsenite-induced inflammation causally contributes to arsenite-caused malignant transformation of cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation during neoplastic transformation induced in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells by chronic exposure to arsenite. The results showed that, on acute or chronic exposure to arsenite, HBE cells over-expressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The data also indicated that HIF-2α was involved in arsenite-induced inflammation. Moreover, IL-6 and IL-8 were essential for the malignant progression of arsenite-transformed HBE cells. Thus, these experiments show that HIF-2α mediates arsenite-induced inflammation and that such inflammation is involved in arsenite-induced malignant transformation of HBE cells. The results provide a link between the inflammatory response and the acquisition of a malignant transformed phenotype by cells chronically exposed to arsenite and thus establish a previously unknown mechanism for arsenite-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China
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Carta S, Silvestri M, Rossi GA. Modulation of airway epithelial cell functions by Pidotimod: NF-kB cytoplasmatic expression and its nuclear translocation are associated with an increased TLR-2 expression. Ital J Pediatr 2013; 39:29. [PMID: 23663325 PMCID: PMC3733658 DOI: 10.1186/1824-7288-39-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrent respiratory infections are one of the most important causes of morbidity in childhood. When immune functions are still largely immature, the airway epithelium plays a primary defensive role since, besides providing a physical barrier, it is also involved in the innate and the adaptive immune responses. A study was therefore designed to evaluate in vitro whether pidotimod, a synthetic dipeptide able to stimulate the inflammatory and immune effector cells, could activate bronchial epithelial cell functions involved in response to infections. Methods BEAS-2B cell line (human bronchial epithelial cells infected with a replication-defective Adenovirus 12-SV40 virus hybrid) were cultured in the presence of pidotimod, with or without tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α or zymosan to assess: a) intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 expression, by flow cytometry; b) toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 expression and production, by immunofluorescence flow cytometry and western blotting; d) interleukin (IL)-8 release, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); e) activated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activation, by western blotting. Results The constitutive expression of ICAM-1 and IL-8 release were significant up-regulated by TNF-α (ICAM-1) and by TNF-α and zymosan (IL-8), but not by pidotimod. In contrast, an increased TLR-2 expression was found after exposure to pidotimod 10 and 100 μg/ml (p < 0.05) and to the association pidotimod 100 μg/ml + TNF-α (p < 0.05). Western blot analysis substantiated that the constitutive TLR-2 expression was significantly increased after exposure to all the stimuli. Finally, while a remarkable inhibition of TNF-α -induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation was observed in the presence of pidotimod, both TNF-α and pidotimod were effective in inducing NF-kB protein expression in the cytoplasm and its nuclear translocation. Conclusion Through different effects on ERK1/2 and NF-kB, pidotimod was able to increase the expression of TLR-2 proteins, surface molecules involved in the initiation of the innate response to infectious stimuli. The lack of effect on ICAM-1 expression, the receptor for rhinovirus, and on IL-8 release, the potent chemotactic factor for neutrophils (that are already present in sites of infection), may represent protective functions. If confirmed in vivo, these activities may, at least in part, clarify the mechanism of action of this molecule at airway level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Carta
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonary Disease Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G Gaslini 5, Genoa, Italy
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Bennett JM, Glaser R, Andridge RR, Peng J, Malarkey WB, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Long lasting effects of smoking: breast cancer survivors' inflammatory responses to acute stress differ by smoking history. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013; 38:179-87. [PMID: 22727479 PMCID: PMC3488120 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking continues to be the most preventable cause of illness and death and has been linked to the development and prognosis of cancer. Current smokers have higher levels of inflammation than nonsmokers, and inflammation can remain elevated in former smokers even years following cessation. Inflammation can also be enhanced by stress. This study examined cortisol and inflammatory responses to a laboratory stressor in breast cancer survivors who formerly smoked compared to their counterparts who had never smoked. Participants included 89 women (age=51.6±8.9 years) who had completed treatment for stage 0-IIIA breast cancer within the past three years and were at least two months post surgery, radiation or chemotherapy, whichever occurred last. Cortisol and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated in response to a standardized laboratory speech and mental arithmetic stressor. Former (n=25) and never (n=64) smokers did not differ by cancer stage, cancer treatment, comorbidities, time since cancer treatment, depression, or stress. Despite having similar cortisol responses to the stressor, former smokers had exaggerated IL-6 responses two hours post-stressor compared to never smokers. This effect persisted after controlling for age, BMI, time since treatment, education, and antidepressant use. An exaggerated and prolonged inflammatory response to stress could be one mechanism underlying the persistent inflammation observed in former smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette M. Bennett
- Division of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Corresponding Author: Jeanette M. Bennett, PhD, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University College of Medicine, 460 Medical Center Drive, Room 131B, Columbus, OH 43210-1228 USA, Phone: 614-366-5029; Fax: 614-366-3627,
| | - Ronald Glaser
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rebecca R. Andridge
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Juan Peng
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - William B. Malarkey
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Rennolds J, Malireddy S, Hassan F, Tridandapani S, Parinandi N, Boyaka PN, Cormet-Boyaka E. Curcumin regulates airway epithelial cell cytokine responses to the pollutant cadmium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 417:256-61. [PMID: 22142850 PMCID: PMC3259219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a toxic metal present in the environment and its inhalation can lead to pulmonary disease such as lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These lung diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation. Here we show that exposure of human airway epithelial cells to cadmium promotes a polarized apical secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, two pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokines known to play an important role in pulmonary inflammation. We also determined that two distinct pathways controlled secretion of these proinflammatory cytokines by human airway epithelial cells as cadmium-induced IL-6 secretion occurs via an NF-κB dependent pathway, whereas IL-8 secretion involves the Erk1/2 signaling pathway. Interestingly, the natural antioxidant curcumin could prevent both cadmium-induced IL-6 and IL-8 secretion by human airway epithelial cells. In conclusion, curcumin could be used to prevent airway inflammation due to cadmium inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rennolds
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Smitha Malireddy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Fatemat Hassan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Susheela Tridandapani
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Narasimham Parinandi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Prosper N. Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Estelle Cormet-Boyaka
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210,Corresponding author: Tel: (614) 292-0946; Fax: (614) 293-4799,
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