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Saieed MAU, Zhao Y, Chen K, Rahman S, Zhang J, Islam S, Ma W. Phenotypic Plasticity of Yield and Yield-Related Traits Contributing to the Wheat Yield in a Doubled Haploid Population. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:17. [PMID: 38202324 PMCID: PMC10780773 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of an individual genotype to express phenotype variably in different environments. This study investigated the plasticity of yield-related traits of bread wheat by utilising 225 doubled haploid (DH) lines developed from cv. Westonia and cv. Kauz, through two field trials in Western Australia. Plasticity was quantified via two previously published methods: responsiveness to varying ecological conditions and slopes of reaction norms. The spikelets/spike was the most plastic trait, with an overall plasticity of 1.62. The least plastic trait was grain protein content, with an overall plasticity of 0.79. The trait hierarchy based on phenotypic plasticity was spikelets/spike > thousand kernel weight > seed number > seed length > grain yield > grain protein content. An increase in yield plasticity of 0.1 was associated with an increase in maximum yield of 4.45 kg ha-1. The plasticity of seed number and grain protein content were significantly associated with yield plasticity. The maximal yield was positively associated with spikelets/spike and grain yield, whereas it negatively associated with grain protein content. In contrast, the minimal yield was found to be negatively related to the plasticity of spikelets/spike and the plasticity of grain yield, whereas it was not related to grain protein content plasticity. Seed number and seed length exhibited plastic responses at the higher fertilisation state while remaining relatively stable at the lower fertilisation state for the wheat DH population. The finding of the current study will play a key role in wheat improvement under the changing climate. Seed length and seed number should be the breeding target for achieving stable yield in adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Atik Us Saieed
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Seed Science & Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Yun Zhao
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Kefei Chen
- Curtin Biometry and Agriculture Data Analytics, Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Shanjida Rahman
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Wujun Ma
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Li H, Li X, Zhou X. Trait means predict performance under water limitation better than plasticity for seedlings of Poaceae species on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:2944-2955. [PMID: 32211167 PMCID: PMC7083665 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Water availability may be altered by changes in precipitation under global climate change in alpine areas. Trait means and plasticity are important for plants in response to a changing environment. In an examination of alpine plant responses to changed water availability, and for determination of how trait means and plasticity predict the performance (e.g., biomass) of these species, seeds of ten Poaceae species from the eastern Tibetan Plateau were sown and grown in a manipulated environment during a growing season in which rainfall was removed and other climate conditions remained unchanged. Growth and leaf traits of these species were measured. We found significant effects of moderate water stress on the seedling biomass of these species; however, the responses of these species to changed water condition were strongly dependent on species identity. For example, the biomass of some species significantly decreased under moderate drought, whereas that of others were either significantly increased or unaffected. This pattern was also observed for growth and leaf traits. Overall, the alpine Poaceae species showed low plasticity of traits in response to water availability relative to reports from other areas. Notably, the results show that trait means were better correlated with the productivity than with the plasticity of traits; thus, we argue that the trait means were better predictors of performance than plasticity for alpine Poaceae species. Poaceae species in alpine areas are important for forage production and for water catchment health worldwide, and these species may face water shortage because of current and future climate change. Understanding the response of alpine Poaceae species to water availability would facilitate our ability to predict the impacts of climate change on the alpine vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and AgricultureQinghai UniversityXiningChina
| | - Xilai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and AgricultureQinghai UniversityXiningChina
- College of Agriculture and Animal HusbandryQinghai UniversityXiningChina
| | - Xiaolong Zhou
- Institute of Arid Ecology and EnvironmentXinjiang UniversityUrumqiChina
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of the Ministry of EducationXinjiang UniversityUrumqiChina
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Mousavi S, de la Rosa R, Moukhli A, El Riachy M, Mariotti R, Torres M, Pierantozzi P, Stanzione V, Mastio V, Zaher H, El Antari A, Ayoub S, Dandachi F, Youssef H, Aggelou N, Contreras C, Maestri D, Belaj A, Bufacchi M, Baldoni L, Leon L. Plasticity of fruit and oil traits in olive among different environments. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16968. [PMID: 31740728 PMCID: PMC6861299 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive is a long-living perennial species with a wide geographical distribution, showing a large genetic and phenotypic variation in its growing area. There is an urgent need to uncover how olive phenotypic traits and plasticity can change regardless of the genetic background. A two-year study was conducted, based on the analysis of fruit and oil traits of 113 cultivars from five germplasm collections established in Mediterranean Basin countries and Argentina. Fruit and oil traits plasticity, broad-sense heritability and genotype by environment interaction were estimated. From variance and heritability analyses, it was shown that fruit fresh weight was mainly under genetic control, whereas oleic/(palmitic + linoleic) acids ratio was regulated by the environment and genotype by environment interaction had the major effect on oil content. Among the studied cultivars, different level of stability was observed, which allowed ranking the cultivars based on their plasticity for oil traits. High thermal amplitude, the difference of low and high year values of temperature, negatively affected the oil content and the oleic acid percentage. Information derived from this work will help to direct the selection of cultivars with the highest global fitness averaged over the environments rather than the highest fitness in each environment separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Mousavi
- CNR - Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems of the Mediterranean, 06128, Perugia, Italy
- CNR - Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, 06128, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Milad El Riachy
- LARI - Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute Tal Amara, Bekaa, Lebanon
| | - Roberto Mariotti
- CNR - Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, 06128, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mariela Torres
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan (EEA INTA San Juan), and CONICET. Ing. Marcos Zalazar (Calle 11) y Vidart. Villa Aberastain, Pocito, 5427, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Pierluigi Pierantozzi
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan (EEA INTA San Juan), and CONICET. Ing. Marcos Zalazar (Calle 11) y Vidart. Villa Aberastain, Pocito, 5427, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Vitale Stanzione
- CNR - Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems of the Mediterranean, 06128, Perugia, Italy
| | - Valerio Mastio
- CNR - Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems of the Mediterranean, 06128, Perugia, Italy
| | - Hayat Zaher
- INRA - CRRA, Marrakech-Safi, BP 533, Marrakech, Morocco
| | | | - Salam Ayoub
- National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Baqa, 19381, Jordan
| | - Faten Dandachi
- LARI - Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute Tal Amara, Bekaa, Lebanon
| | - Hiyam Youssef
- LARI - Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute Tal Amara, Bekaa, Lebanon
| | - Nikolas Aggelou
- MAICh - Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, 73100, Chania-Crete, Greece
| | - Cibeles Contreras
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan (EEA INTA San Juan), and CONICET. Ing. Marcos Zalazar (Calle 11) y Vidart. Villa Aberastain, Pocito, 5427, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Damián Maestri
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV, CONICET-UNC). Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Marina Bufacchi
- CNR - Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems of the Mediterranean, 06128, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Luciana Baldoni
- CNR - Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, 06128, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Leon
- IFAPA - Centro Alameda del Obispo, Córdoba, Spain
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Käthner J, Ben-Gal A, Gebbers R, Peeters A, Herppich WB, Zude-Sasse M. Evaluating Spatially Resolved Influence of Soil and Tree Water Status on Quality of European Plum Grown in Semi-humid Climate. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1053. [PMID: 28676810 PMCID: PMC5476784 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In orchards, the variations of fruit quality and its determinants are crucial for resource effective measures. In the present study, a drip-irrigated plum production (Prunus domestica L. "Tophit plus"/Wavit) located in a semi-humid climate was studied. Analysis of the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) of soil showed spatial patterns of sand lenses in the orchard. Water status of sample trees was measured instantaneously by means of leaf water potential, Ψleaf [MPa], and for all trees by thermal imaging of canopies and calculation of the crop water stress index (CWSI). Methods for determining CWSI were evaluated. A CWSI approach calculating canopy and reference temperatures from the histogram of pixels from each image itself was found to suit the experimental conditions. Soil ECa showed no correlation with specific leaf area ratio and cumulative water use efficiency (WUEc) derived from the crop load. The fruit quality, however, was influenced by physiological drought stress in trees with high crop load and, resulting (too) high WUEc, when fruit driven water demand was not met. As indicated by analysis of variance, neither ECa nor the instantaneous CWSI could be used as predictors of fruit quality, while the interaction of CWSI and WUEc did succeed in indicating significant differences. Consequently, both WUEc and CWSI should be integrated in irrigation scheduling for positive impact on fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Käthner
- Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB)Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alon Ben-Gal
- Institute of Soil, Water, and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research CenterGilat, Israel
| | - Robin Gebbers
- Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB)Potsdam, Germany
| | - Aviva Peeters
- Institute of Soil, Water, and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research CenterGilat, Israel
| | - Werner B. Herppich
- Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB)Potsdam, Germany
| | - Manuela Zude-Sasse
- Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB)Potsdam, Germany
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Bustan A, Dag A, Yermiyahu U, Erel R, Presnov E, Agam N, Kool D, Iwema J, Zipori I, Ben-Gal A. Fruit load governs transpiration of olive trees. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 36:380-91. [PMID: 26802540 PMCID: PMC4885946 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpv138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that whole-tree water consumption of olives (Olea europaea L.) is fruit load-dependent and investigated the driving physiological mechanisms. Fruit load was manipulated in mature olives grown in weighing-drainage lysimeters. Fruit was thinned or entirely removed from trees at three separate stages of growth: early, mid and late in the season. Tree-scale transpiration, calculated from lysimeter water balance, was found to be a function of fruit load, canopy size and weather conditions. Fruit removal caused an immediate decline in water consumption, measured as whole-plant transpiration normalized to tree size, which persisted until the end of the season. The later the execution of fruit removal, the greater was the response. The amount of water transpired by a fruit-loaded tree was found to be roughly 30% greater than that of an equivalent low- or nonyielding tree. The tree-scale response to fruit was reflected in stem water potential but was not mirrored in leaf-scale physiological measurements of stomatal conductance or photosynthesis. Trees with low or no fruit load had higher vegetative growth rates. However, no significant difference was observed in the overall aboveground dry biomass among groups, when fruit was included. This case, where carbon sources and sinks were both not limiting, suggests that the role of fruit on water consumption involves signaling and alterations in hydraulic properties of vascular tissues and tree organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Bustan
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel Desert Agro-Research Center, Ramat-Negev R&D, D.N. Halutza 85515, Israel
| | - Arnon Dag
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel
| | - Uri Yermiyahu
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel
| | - Ran Erel
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel
| | - Eugene Presnov
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel
| | - Nurit Agam
- Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84990, Israel
| | - Dilia Kool
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel
| | - Joost Iwema
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel Soil Physics, Ecohydrology and Groundwater Management, Wageningen University, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands Present address: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, UK
| | - Isaac Zipori
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel
| | - Alon Ben-Gal
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, mobile post Negev 85280, Israel
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Sade N, Moshelion M. The dynamic isohydric-anisohydric behavior of plants upon fruit development: taking a risk for the next generation. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 34:1199-202. [PMID: 25192885 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Sade
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Sadras VO, Richards RA. Improvement of crop yield in dry environments: benchmarks, levels of organisation and the role of nitrogen. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:1981-95. [PMID: 24638898 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Crop yield in dry environments can be improved with complementary approaches including selecting for yield in the target environments, selecting for yield potential, and using indirect, trait- or genomic-based methods. This paper (i) outlines the achievements of direct selection for yield in improving drought adaptation, (ii) discusses the limitations of indirect approaches in the context of levels of organization, and (iii) emphasizes trade-offs and synergies between nitrogen nutrition and drought adaptation. Selection for yield in the water- and nitrogen-scarce environments of Australia improved wheat yield per unit transpiration at a rate of 0.12kg ha(-1) mm(-1) yr(-1); for indirect methods to be justified, they must return superior rates of improvement, achieve the same rate at lower cost or provide other cost-effective benefits, such as expanding the genetic basis for selection. Slow improvement of crop adaptation to water stress using indirect methods is partially related to issues of scale. Traits are thus classified into three broad groups: those that generally scale up from low levels of organization to the crop level (e.g. herbicide resistance), those that do not (e.g. grain yield), and traits that might scale up provided they are considered in a integrated manner with scientifically sound scaling assumptions, appropriate growing conditions, and screening techniques (e.g. stay green). Predicting the scalability of traits may help to set priorities in the investment of research efforts. Primary productivity in arid and semi-arid environments is simultaneously limited by water and nitrogen, but few attempts are made to target adaptation to water and nitrogen stress simultaneously. Case studies in wheat and soybean highlight biological links between improved nitrogen nutrition and drought adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V O Sadras
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Waite Campus, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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Sadras VO, Rebetzke GJ. Plasticity of wheat grain yield is associated with plasticity of ear number. CROP AND PASTURE SCIENCE 2013. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1071/cp13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Here we propose that the perspective of phenotypic plasticity can enhance our understanding of the role of fertile tillers in accommodating environmental variation. We tested the hypothesis that the plasticity of yield correlates with the plasticity of ear number using free-tillering (–tin) and reduced-tillering (+tin) sister wheat lines in two genetic backgrounds, Lang and Silverstar. Crops were grown in 10 rainfed environments resulting from the combination of seasons, sites, nitrogen rates, and sowing dates. The combination of lines and environments generated a range from 157 to 357 ears m–2 at harvest, and a yield range from 1.9 to 4.2 t ha–1. Plasticity was quantified with two methods, slopes of reaction norms and variance ratios; both methods returned the same ranking of lines for both ear number and yield. The tin allele reduced the plasticity of both ear number and yield in Lang but not in Silverstar. The reduced plasticity associated with the tin allele in Lang had two components: a small reduction in ear number under low-yielding conditions, and a large reduction in the capacity to respond to higher yielding environments. Consistent with our working hypothesis, plasticity of yield and plasticity of ear number were correlated (R2 = 0.81, P = 0.01). Plasticity of ear number was associated with the plasticity of shoot biomass at harvest (R2 = 0.74, P = 0.006), and plasticity of biomass was associated with the plasticity of yield (R2 = 0.86, P = 0.0009). This suggests that the environmental responsiveness of yield was partially mediated by the environmental responsiveness of fertile tillers. We found positive correlations between plasticity of ear number and plasticity of several traits including biomass, radiation-use efficiency and water-use efficiency, and a negative correlation between plasticity of ear number and plasticity of seeds per ear. Ear number per se was unrelated to biomass, radiation-use efficiency, water-use efficiency, and seeds per ear. We conclude that a dual focus on traits per se and their plasticity is a fruitful approach to understand the phenotype, particularly when genotype × environment interaction is large.
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