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Wang B, Zhou Z, Zhou JM, Li J. Myosin XI-mediated BIK1 recruitment to nanodomains facilitates FLS2-BIK1 complex formation during innate immunity in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312415121. [PMID: 38875149 PMCID: PMC11194512 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312415121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants rely on immune receptor complexes at the cell surface to perceive microbial molecules and transduce these signals into the cell to regulate immunity. Various immune receptors and associated proteins are often dynamically distributed in specific nanodomains on the plasma membrane (PM). However, the exact molecular mechanism and functional relevance of this nanodomain targeting in plant immunity regulation remain largely unknown. By utilizing high spatiotemporal resolution imaging and single-particle tracking analysis, we show that myosin XIK interacts with remorin to recruit and stabilize PM-associated kinase BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) within immune receptor FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2)-containing nanodomains. This recruitment facilitates FLS2/BIK1 complex formation, leading to the full activation of BIK1-dependent defense responses upon ligand perception. Collectively, our findings provide compelling evidence that myosin XI functions as a molecular scaffold to enable a spatially confined complex assembly within nanodomains. This ensures the presence of a sufficient quantity of preformed immune receptor complex for efficient signaling transduction from the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxiao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zhou
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Yazhouwan National Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province572024, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Jiejie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
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2
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Liu Q, Wang T, Ke M, Qian C, Li J, Huang X, Gao Z, Chen X, Tu T. UV-B Radiation Disrupts Membrane Lipid Organization and Suppresses Protein Mobility of GmNARK in Arabidopsis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1536. [PMID: 38891343 PMCID: PMC11174901 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
While it is well known that plants interpret UV-B as an environmental cue and a potential stressor influencing their growth and development, the specific effects of UV-B-induced oxidative stress on the dynamics of membrane lipids and proteins remain underexplored. Here, we demonstrate that UV-B exposure notably increases the formation of ordered lipid domains on the plasma membrane (PM) and significantly alters the behavior of the Glycine max nodule autoregulation receptor kinase (GmNARK) protein in Arabidopsis leaves. The GmNARK protein was located on the PM and accumulated as small particles in the cytoplasm. We found that UV-B irradiation interrupted the lateral diffusion of GmNARK proteins on the PM. Furthermore, UV-B light decreases the efficiency of surface molecule internalization by clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). In brief, UV-B irradiation increased the proportion of the ordered lipid phase and disrupted clathrin-dependent endocytosis; thus, the endocytic trafficking and lateral mobility of GmNARK protein on the plasma membrane are crucial for nodule formation tuning. Our results revealed a novel role of low-intensity UV-B stress in altering the organization of the plasma membrane and the dynamics of membrane-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (T.W.); (M.K.); (Z.G.)
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (T.W.); (M.K.); (Z.G.)
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Meiyu Ke
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (T.W.); (M.K.); (Z.G.)
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chongzhen Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (C.Q.); (X.H.)
| | - Jiejie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (C.Q.); (X.H.)
| | - Zhen Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (T.W.); (M.K.); (Z.G.)
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tianli Tu
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Zhou N, Li X, Zheng Z, Liu J, Downie JA, Xie F. RinRK1 enhances NF receptors accumulation in nanodomain-like structures at root-hair tip. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3568. [PMID: 38670968 PMCID: PMC11053012 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47794-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Legume-rhizobia root-nodule symbioses involve the recognition of rhizobial Nod factor (NF) signals by NF receptors, triggering both nodule organogenesis and rhizobial infection. RinRK1 is induced by NF signaling and is essential for infection thread (IT) formation in Lotus japonicus. However, the precise mechanism underlying this process remains unknown. Here, we show that RinRK1 interacts with the extracellular domains of NF receptors (NFR1 and NFR5) to promote their accumulation at root hair tips in response to rhizobia or NFs. Furthermore, Flotillin 1 (Flot1), a nanodomain-organizing protein, associates with the kinase domains of NFR1, NFR5 and RinRK1. RinRK1 promotes the interactions between Flot1 and NF receptors and both RinRK1 and Flot1 are necessary for the accumulation of NF receptors at root hair tips upon NF stimulation. Our study shows that RinRK1 and Flot1 play a crucial role in NF receptor complex assembly within localized plasma membrane signaling centers to promote symbiotic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiong Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - J Allan Downie
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH, Norwich, UK
| | - Fang Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Yang Z, Cheng G, Yu Q, Jiao W, Zeng K, Luo T, Zhang H, Shang H, Huang G, Wang F, Guo Y, Xu J. Identification and characterization of the Remorin gene family in Saccharum and the involvement of ScREM1.5e-1/-2 in SCMV infection on sugarcane. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1365995. [PMID: 38463560 PMCID: PMC10920289 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1365995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Remorins (REMs) are plant-specific membrane-associated proteins that play important roles in plant-pathogen interactions and environmental adaptations. Group I REMs are extensively involved in virus infection. However, little is known about the REM gene family in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hyrid), the most important sugar and energy crop around world. Methods Comparative genomics were employed to analyze the REM gene family in Saccharum spontaneum. Transcriptomics or RT-qPCR were used to analyze their expression files in different development stages or tissues under different treatments. Yeast two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays were applied to investigate the protein interaction. Results In this study, 65 REMs were identified from Saccharum spontaneum genome and classified into six groups based on phylogenetic tree analysis. These REMs contain multiple cis-elements associated with growth, development, hormone and stress response. Expression profiling revealed that among different SsREMs with variable expression levels in different developmental stages or different tissues. A pair of alleles, ScREM1.5e-1/-2, were isolated from the sugarcane cultivar ROC22. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 were highly expressed in leaves, with the former expressed at significantly higher levels than the latter. Their expression was induced by treatment with H2O2, ABA, ethylene, brassinosteroid, SA or MeJA, and varied upon Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) infection. ScREM1.5e-1 was localized to the plasma membrane (PM), while ScREM1.5e-2 was localized to the cytoplasm or nucleus. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 can self-interact and interact with each other, and interact with VPgs from SCMV, Sorghum mosaic virus, or Sugarcane streak mosaic virus. The interactions with VPgs relocated ScREM1.5e-1 from the PM to the cytoplasm. Discussion These results reveal the origin, distribution and evolution of the REM gene family in sugarcane and may shed light on engineering sugarcane resistance against sugarcane mosaic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guangyuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Quanxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wendi Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tingxu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Heyang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fengji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Subtropical Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jingsheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Hsiao AS. Protein Disorder in Plant Stress Adaptation: From Late Embryogenesis Abundant to Other Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1178. [PMID: 38256256 PMCID: PMC10816898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Global climate change has caused severe abiotic and biotic stresses, affecting plant growth and food security. The mechanical understanding of plant stress responses is critical for achieving sustainable agriculture. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are a group of proteins without unique three-dimensional structures. The environmental sensitivity and structural flexibility of IDPs contribute to the growth and developmental plasticity for sessile plants to deal with environmental challenges. This article discusses the roles of various disordered proteins in plant stress tolerance and resistance, describes the current mechanistic insights into unstructured proteins such as the disorder-to-order transition for adopting secondary structures to interact with specific partners (i.e., cellular membranes, membrane proteins, metal ions, and DNA), and elucidates the roles of liquid-liquid phase separation driven by protein disorder in stress responses. By comparing IDP studies in animal systems, this article provides conceptual principles of plant protein disorder in stress adaptation, reveals the current research gaps, and advises on the future research direction. The highlighting of relevant unanswered questions in plant protein disorder research aims to encourage more studies on these emerging topics to understand the mechanisms of action behind their stress resistance phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Shan Hsiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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6
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Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Tian Q, Zeng D, Xu M, Wang Y, Dong S, Ma Z, Wang Y, Zheng X, Ye W. Fusarium-produced vitamin B 6 promotes the evasion of soybean resistance by Phytophthora sojae. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2204-2217. [PMID: 37171031 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants can be infected by multiple pathogens concurrently in natural systems. However, pathogen-pathogen interactions have rarely been studied. In addition to the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, fungi such as Fusarium spp. also cause soybean root rot. In a 3-year field investigation, we discovered that P. sojae and Fusarium spp. frequently coexisted in diseased soybean roots. Out of 336 P. sojae-soybean-Fusarium combinations, more than 80% aggravated disease. Different Fusarium species all enhanced P. sojae infection when co-inoculated on soybean. Treatment with Fusarium secreted non-proteinaceous metabolites had an effect equal to the direct pathogen co-inoculation. By screening a Fusarium graminearum mutant library, we identified Fusarium promoting factor of Phytophthora sojae infection 1 (Fpp1), encoding a zinc alcohol dehydrogenase. Fpp1 is functionally conserved in Fusarium and contributes to metabolite-mediated infection promotion, in which vitamin B6 (VB6) produced by Fusarium is key. Transcriptional and functional analyses revealed that Fpp1 regulates two VB6 metabolism genes, and VB6 suppresses expression of soybean disease resistance-related genes. These results reveal that co-infection with Fusarium promotes loss of P. sojae resistance in soybean, information that will inform the sustainable use of disease-resistant crop varieties and provide new strategies to control soybean root rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qing Tian
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dandan Zeng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Suomeng Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuanchao Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaobo Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenwu Ye
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Sanniyasi E, Gopal RK, Raj PP, Shanmugavel AK. Anti-inflammatory, remorin-like protein from green marine Macroalga Caulerpa sertularioides (S.G.Gmel.) M.Howe. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19239. [PMID: 37664755 PMCID: PMC10468388 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent natural source of hydrocolloids, cosmetics, medications, and nutraceuticals is marine seaweed (macroalgae). Numerous bioactivities, including antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory characteristics, have been found in bioactive substances such as polyphenols and sulfated and non-sulfated polysaccharides. As a result, new start-up projects and industries based on seaweed are emerging in all regions of the world with abundant marine biodiversity. In this current investigation, the anti-inflammatory activity of two different marine macroalgae Caulerpa racemosa (CR) and Caulerpa sertularioides (CS) was evaluated. Consequently, CS demonstrated more anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects at a lower dose than CR. The IC50 value for DPPH inhibition was 456.1 μg/mL, and 180.9 μg/mL for CS and CR respectively. A similar result was obtained in the case of protein denaturation (PD), membrane stabilization (MS), and protease inhibition (PI) anti-inflammatory assays with 127.2 μg/mL, 135.5 μg/mL, and 71.88 μg/mL for CR, and 66.78 μg/mL, 88.96 μg/mL, and 59.54 μg/mL for CS respectively. Based on the SDS-PAGE, the molecular weight of lectin responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity was determined as 17 kDa. Protein mass fingerprinting was performed for the particular lectin by in-gel trypsin digestion, MALDI-MS analysis, and Mascot peptide mass fingerprinting. Because of this, the unidentified lectin protein was discovered to be a remorin-like protein that shared 65% of its sequence with the remorin-like protein of Aegilops tauschii subsp. tauschii. Therefore, it is the hitherto report on the presence of remorin-like protein from the green macroalga Caulerpa sertularioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elumalai Sanniyasi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India
| | - Rajesh Kanna Gopal
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Preethy P. Raj
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India
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8
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Zhang Y, Guo S, Zhang F, Gan P, Li M, Wang C, Li H, Gao G, Wang X, Kang Z, Zhang X. CaREM1.4 interacts with CaRIN4 to regulate Ralstonia solanacearum tolerance by triggering cell death in pepper. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad053. [PMID: 37213684 PMCID: PMC10199716 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Remorins, plant-specific proteins, have a significant role in conferring on plants the ability to adapt to adverse environments. However, the precise function of remorins in resistance to biological stress remains largely unknown. Eighteen CaREM genes were identified in pepper genome sequences based on the C-terminal conserved domain that is specific to remorin proteins in this research. Phylogenetic relations, chromosomal localization, motif, gene structures, and promoter regions of these remorins were analyzed and a remorin gene, CaREM1.4, was cloned for further study. The transcription of CaREM1.4 in pepper was induced by infection with Ralstonia solanacearum. Knocking down CaREM1.4 in pepper using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technologies reduced the resistance of pepper plants to R. solanacearum and downregulated the expression of immunity-associated genes. Conversely, transient overexpression of CaREM1.4 in pepper and Nicotiana benthamiana plants triggered hypersensitive response-mediated cell death and upregulated expression of defense-related genes. In addition, CaRIN4-12, which interacted with CaREM1.4 at the plasma membrane and cell nucleus, was knocked down with VIGS, decreasing the susceptibility of Capsicum annuum to R. solanacearum. Furthermore, CaREM1.4 reduced ROS production by interacting with CaRIN4-12 upon co-injection in pepper. Taken together, our findings suggest that CaREM1.4 may function as a positive regulator of the hypersensitive response, and it interacts with CaRIN4-12, which negatively regulates plant immune responses of pepper to R. solanacearum. Our study provides new evidence for comprehending the molecular regulatory network of plant cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuangyuan Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Gan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Huankun Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
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9
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Wang N, Yin Z, Zhao Y, Wang J, Pei Y, Ji P, Daly P, Li Z, Dou D, Wei L. An F-box protein attenuates fungal xylanase-triggered immunity by destabilizing LRR-RLP NbEIX2 in a SOBIR1-dependent manner. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:2202-2215. [PMID: 36151918 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like proteins (RLPs) lacking the cytoplasmic kinase domain play crucial roles in plant growth, development and immunity. However, what remains largely elusive is whether RLP protein levels are fine-tuned by E3 ubiquitin ligases, which are employed by receptor-like kinases for signaling attenuation. Nicotiana benthamiana NbEIX2 is a leucine-rich repeat RLP (LRR-RLP) that mediates fungal xylanase-triggered immunity. Here we show that NbEIX2 associates with an F-box protein NbPFB1, which promotes NbEIX2 degradation likely by forming an SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, and negatively regulates NbEIX2-mediated immune responses. NbEIX2 undergoes ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in planta. Interestingly, NbEIX2 without its cytoplasmic tail is still associated with and destabilized by NbPFB1. In addition, NbPFB1 also associates with and destabilizes NbSOBIR1, a co-receptor of LRR-RLPs, and fails to promote NbEIX2 degradation in the sobir1 mutant. Our findings reveal a distinct model of NbEIX2 degradation, in which an F-box protein destabilizes NbEIX2 indirectly in a SOBIR1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaning Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinghao Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Pei
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiyun Ji
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Paul Daly
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengpeng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, 223300, Huaian, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
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10
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Carrasco B, Arévalo B, Perez-Diaz R, Rodríguez-Alvarez Y, Gebauer M, Maldonado JE, García-Gonzáles R, Chong-Pérez B, Pico-Mendoza J, Meisel LA, Ming R, Silva H. Descriptive Genomic Analysis and Sequence Genotyping of the Two Papaya Species (Vasconcellea pubescens and Vasconcellea chilensis) Using GBS Tools. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162151. [PMID: 36015454 PMCID: PMC9414553 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A genotyping by sequencing (GBS) approach was used to analyze the organization of genetic diversity in V. pubescens and V. chilensis. GBS identified 4675 and 4451 SNPs/INDELs in two papaya species. The cultivated orchards of V. pubescens exhibited scarce genetic diversity and low but significant genetic differentiation. The neutrality test yielded a negative and significant result, suggesting that V. pubescens suffered a selective sweep or a rapid expansion after a bottleneck during domestication. In contrast, V. chilensis exhibited a high level of genetic diversity. The genetic differentiation among the populations was slight, but it was possible to distinguish the two genetic groups. The neutrality test indicated no evidence that natural selection and genetic drift affect the natural population of V. chilensis. Using the Carica papaya genome as a reference, we identified critical SNPs/INDELs associated with putative genes. Most of the identified genes are related to stress responses (salt and nematode) and vegetative and reproductive development. These results will be helpful for future breeding and conservation programs of the Caricaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basilio Carrasco
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Bárbara Arévalo
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), Talca 3480094, Chile
| | | | - Yohaily Rodríguez-Alvarez
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Marlene Gebauer
- Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Jonathan E Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Laboratorio de Multiómica Vegetal y Bioinformática, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | | | - Borys Chong-Pérez
- Sociedad de Investigación y Servicios, BioTECNOS Ltda., San Javier 3660000, Chile
| | - José Pico-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
| | - Lee A Meisel
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Ray Ming
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Herman Silva
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
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11
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Rudnicka M, Noszczyńska M, Malicka M, Kasperkiewicz K, Pawlik M, Piotrowska-Seget Z. Outer Membrane Vesicles as Mediators of Plant-Bacterial Interactions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:902181. [PMID: 35722319 PMCID: PMC9198584 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.902181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have co-evolved with diverse microorganisms that have developed different mechanisms of direct and indirect interactions with their host. Recently, greater attention has been paid to a direct “message” delivery pathway from bacteria to plants, mediated by the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs produced by Gram-negative bacteria play significant roles in multiple interactions with other bacteria within the same community, the environment, and colonized hosts. The combined forces of innovative technologies and experience in the area of plant–bacterial interactions have put pressure on a detailed examination of the OMVs composition, the routes of their delivery to plant cells, and their significance in pathogenesis, protection, and plant growth promotion. This review synthesizes the available knowledge on OMVs in the context of possible mechanisms of interactions between OMVs, bacteria, and plant cells. OMVs are considered to be potential stimulators of the plant immune system, holding potential for application in plant bioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Rudnicka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Noszczyńska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Malicka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kasperkiewicz
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pawlik
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zofia Piotrowska-Seget
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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12
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de la Fuente Cantó C, Diouf MN, Ndour PMS, Debieu M, Grondin A, Passot S, Champion A, Barrachina C, Pratlong M, Gantet P, Assigbetsé K, Kane N, Cubry P, Diedhiou AG, Heulin T, Achouak W, Vigouroux Y, Cournac L, Laplaze L. Genetic control of rhizosheath formation in pearl millet. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9205. [PMID: 35655088 PMCID: PMC9163325 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13234-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhizosheath, the layer of soil that adheres strongly to roots, influences water and nutrients acquisition. Pearl millet is a cereal crop that plays a major role for food security in arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa and India. We previously showed that root-adhering soil mass is a heritable trait in pearl millet and that it correlates with changes in rhizosphere microbiota structure and functions. Here, we studied the correlation between root-adhering soil mass and root hair development, root architecture, and symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and we analysed the genetic control of this trait using genome wide association (GWAS) combined with bulk segregant analysis and gene expression studies. Root-adhering soil mass was weakly correlated only to root hairs traits in pearl millet. Twelve QTLs for rhizosheath formation were identified by GWAS. Bulk segregant analysis on a biparental population validated five of these QTLs. Combining genetics with a comparison of global gene expression in the root tip of contrasted inbred lines revealed candidate genes that might control rhizosheath formation in pearl millet. Our study indicates that rhizosheath formation is under complex genetic control in pearl millet and suggests that it is mainly regulated by root exudation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M N Diouf
- Eco&Sols, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Mixte International Intensification Écologique Des Sols Cultivés en Afrique de L'Ouest (IESOL), Dakar, Senegal.,Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté Des Sciences Et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - P M S Ndour
- Eco&Sols, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Mixte International Intensification Écologique Des Sols Cultivés en Afrique de L'Ouest (IESOL), Dakar, Senegal
| | - M Debieu
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - A Grondin
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation Des Plantes Et Microorganismes Associés Aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Centre de recherche de Bel-Air, Dakar, Senegal.,CERAAS, Thiès, Senegal
| | - S Passot
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - A Champion
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - M Pratlong
- Montpellier GenomiX, Montpellier, France
| | - P Gantet
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - K Assigbetsé
- Eco&Sols, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Mixte International Intensification Écologique Des Sols Cultivés en Afrique de L'Ouest (IESOL), Dakar, Senegal
| | - N Kane
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation Des Plantes Et Microorganismes Associés Aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Centre de recherche de Bel-Air, Dakar, Senegal
| | - P Cubry
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - A G Diedhiou
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation Des Plantes Et Microorganismes Associés Aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Centre de recherche de Bel-Air, Dakar, Senegal.,Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté Des Sciences Et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - T Heulin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LEMiRE, Laboratory of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, ECCOREV FR 3098, 13108, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - W Achouak
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LEMiRE, Laboratory of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, ECCOREV FR 3098, 13108, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Y Vigouroux
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - L Cournac
- Eco&Sols, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - L Laplaze
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France. .,Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation Des Plantes Et Microorganismes Associés Aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Centre de recherche de Bel-Air, Dakar, Senegal.
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13
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Ollivier R, Glory I, Cloteau R, Le Gallic JF, Denis G, Morlière S, Miteul H, Rivière JP, Lesné A, Klein A, Aubert G, Kreplak J, Burstin J, Pilet-Nayel ML, Simon JC, Sugio A. A major-effect genetic locus, ApRVII, controlling resistance against both adapted and non-adapted aphid biotypes in pea. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:1511-1528. [PMID: 35192006 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A genome-wide association study for pea resistance against a pea-adapted biotype and a non-adapted biotype of the aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, identified a genomic region conferring resistance to both biotypes. In a context of reduced insecticide use, the development of cultivars resistant to insect pests is crucial for an integrated pest management. Pea (Pisum sativum) is a crop of major importance among cultivated legumes, for the supply of dietary proteins and nitrogen in low-input cropping systems. However, yields of the pea crop have become unstable due to plant parasites. The pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) is an insect pest species forming a complex of biotypes, each one adapted to feed on one or a few related legume species. This study aimed to identify resistance to A. pisum and the underlying genetic determinism by examining a collection of 240 pea genotypes. The collection was screened against a pea-adapted biotype and a non-adapted biotype of A. pisum to characterize their resistant phenotype. Partial resistance was observed in some pea genotypes exposed to the pea-adapted biotype. Many pea genotypes were completely resistant to non-adapted biotype, but some exhibited partial susceptibility. A genome-wide association study, using pea exome-capture sequencing data, enabled the identification of the major-effect quantitative trait locus ApRVII on the chromosome 7. ApRVII includes linkage disequilibrium blocks significantly associated with resistance to one or both of the two aphid biotypes studied. Finally, we identified candidate genes underlying ApRVII that are potentially involved in plant-aphid interactions and marker haplotypes linked with aphid resistance. This study sets the ground for the functional characterization of molecular pathways involved in pea defence to the aphids but also is a step forward for breeding aphid-resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Ollivier
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | - Isabelle Glory
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | - Romuald Cloteau
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Gaëtan Denis
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Henri Miteul
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | | | - Angélique Lesné
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35653, Le Rheu, France
| | - Anthony Klein
- Agroécologie, INRAE, AgroSup Dijon, Univ Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21065, Dijon, France
| | - Grégoire Aubert
- Agroécologie, INRAE, AgroSup Dijon, Univ Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21065, Dijon, France
| | - Jonathan Kreplak
- Agroécologie, INRAE, AgroSup Dijon, Univ Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21065, Dijon, France
| | - Judith Burstin
- Agroécologie, INRAE, AgroSup Dijon, Univ Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21065, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Akiko Sugio
- IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35653, Le Rheu, France.
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14
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhou W, Zheng S, Ye R. Detection of candidate gene networks involved in resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:1-14. [PMID: 34510383 PMCID: PMC8755693 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-021-00654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping often yields associations with dissimilar loci/genes as a consequence of diverse factors. One trait for which very limited agreement between mapping studies has been observed is resistance to white mold in soybean. To explore whether different approaches applied to a single data set could lead to more consistent results, haplotype-trait association and epistasis interaction effects were explored as a complement to a more conventional marker-trait analysis. At least 10 genomic regions were significantly associated with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance in soybean, which have not been previously reported. At a significance level of α = 0.05, haplotype-trait association showed that the most prominent signal originated from a haplotype with 4-SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) on chromosome 17, and single SNP-trait analysis located a nucleotide polymorphism at position rs34387780 on chromosome 3. All of the peak-SNPs (p-value < 0.05) of each chromosome also appeared in their respective haplotypes. Samples with extreme phenotypes were singled-out for association studies, 25-30% from each end of the phenotypic spectrum appeared in the present investigation to be the most appropriate sample size. Some key genes were identified by epistasis interaction analysis. By combining information on the nearest positional genes indicated that most loci have not been previously reported. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses suggest potential candidate genes underlying callose deposition in the cell wall and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-plant, as well as plant-pathogen interaction pathway, were activated. Integration of multi-method genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed novel genomic regions and promising candidate genes in novel regions, which include Glyma.01g048500, Glyma.03g129100, Glyma.17g072200, and the Dishevelled (Dvl) family of proteins on chromosomes 1, 3, 17, and 20, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 72300 Shaanxi China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052 China
| | - Wanying Zhou
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 72300 Shaanxi China
| | - Shimao Zheng
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 72300 Shaanxi China
| | - Runzhou Ye
- Faculté de Médecine Et Des Sciences de La Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4 Canada
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15
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Transcriptome analysis of Kentucky bluegrass subject to drought and ethephon treatment. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261472. [PMID: 34914788 PMCID: PMC8675742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is an excellent cool-season turfgrass utilized widely in Northern China. However, turf quality of Kentucky bluegrass declines significantly due to drought. Ethephon seeds-soaking treatment has been proved to effectively improve the drought tolerance of Kentucky bluegrass seedlings. In order to investigate the effect of ethephon leaf-spraying method on drought tolerance of Kentucky bluegrass and understand the underlying mechanism, Kentucky bluegrass plants sprayed with and without ethephon are subjected to either drought or well watered treatments. The relative water content and malondialdehyde conent were measured. Meanwhile, samples were sequenced through Illumina. Results showed that ethephon could improve the drought tolerance of Kentucky bluegrass by elevating relative water content and decreasing malondialdehyde content under drought. Transcriptome analysis showed that 58.43% transcripts (254,331 out of 435,250) were detected as unigenes. A total of 9.69% (24,643 out of 254,331) unigenes were identified as differentially expressed genes in one or more of the pairwise comparisons. Differentially expressed genes due to drought stress with or without ethephon pre-treatment showed that ethephon application affected genes associated with plant hormone, signal transduction pathway and plant defense, protein degradation and stabilization, transportation and osmosis, antioxidant system and the glyoxalase pathway, cell wall and cuticular wax, fatty acid unsaturation and photosynthesis. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the mechanism for how ethephon regulates drought response and improves drought tolerance of Kentucky bluegrass.
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16
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Harith-Fadzilah N, Lam SD, Haris-Hussain M, Ghani IA, Zainal Z, Jalinas J, Hassan M. Proteomics and Interspecies Interaction Analysis Revealed Abscisic Acid Signalling to Be the Primary Driver for Oil Palm's Response against Red Palm Weevil Infestation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2574. [PMID: 34961045 PMCID: PMC8709180 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The red palm weevil (RPW; Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera Curculionidae)) is an invasive insect pest that is difficult to manage due to its nature of infesting the host palm trees from within. A holistic, molecular-based approach to identify proteins that correlate with RPW infestation could give useful insights into the vital processes that are prevalent to the host's infestation response and identify the potential biomarkers for an early detection technique. Here, a shotgun proteomic analysis was performed on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis; OP) under untreated (control), wounding by drilling (wounded), and artificial larval infestation (infested) conditions at three different time points to characterise the RPW infestation response at three different stages. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed many overlapping pathways between the control, wounded, and infested groups. Further analysis via literature searches narrowed down biologically relevant proteins into categories, which were photosynthesis, growth, and stress response. Overall, the patterns of protein expression suggested abscisic acid (ABA) hormone signalling to be the primary driver of insect herbivory response. Interspecies molecular docking analysis between RPW ligands and OP receptor proteins provided putative interactions that result in ABA signalling activation. Seven proteins were selected as candidate biomarkers for early infestation detection based on their relevance and association with ABA signalling. The MS data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD028986. This study provided a deeper insight into the mechanism of stress response in OP in order to develop a novel detection method or improve crop management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmi Harith-Fadzilah
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.H.-F.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Su Datt Lam
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mohammad Haris-Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.-H.); (I.A.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Idris Abd Ghani
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.-H.); (I.A.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Zamri Zainal
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.H.-F.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Johari Jalinas
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.-H.); (I.A.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Maizom Hassan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.H.-F.); (Z.Z.)
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17
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Reimer JJ, Thiele B, Biermann RT, Junker-Frohn LV, Wiese-Klinkenberg A, Usadel B, Wormit A. Tomato leaves under stress: a comparison of stress response to mild abiotic stress between a cultivated and a wild tomato species. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:177-206. [PMID: 34677706 PMCID: PMC8553704 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tomato is one of the most produced crop plants on earth and growing in the fields and greenhouses all over the world. Breeding with known traits of wild species can enhance stress tolerance of cultivated crops. In this study, we investigated responses of the transcriptome as well as primary and secondary metabolites in leaves of a cultivated and a wild tomato to several abiotic stresses such as nitrogen deficiency, chilling or warmer temperatures, elevated light intensities and combinations thereof. The wild species responded different to varied temperature conditions compared to the cultivated tomato. Nitrogen deficiency caused the strongest responses and induced in particular the secondary metabolism in both species but to much higher extent in the cultivated tomato. Our study supports the potential of a targeted induction of valuable secondary metabolites in green residues of horticultural production, that will otherwise only be composted after fruit harvest. In particular, the cultivated tomato showed a strong induction in the group of mono caffeoylquinic acids in response to nitrogen deficiency. In addition, the observed differences in stress responses between cultivated and wild tomato can lead to new breeding targets for better stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Reimer
- Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 3, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, PtJ, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Björn Thiele
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Robin T Biermann
- Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 3, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e.V., 14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Laura V Junker-Frohn
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anika Wiese-Klinkenberg
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Bioinformatics (IBG-4), 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Björn Usadel
- Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 3, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Bioinformatics (IBG-4), 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Chair of Biological Data Science, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Wormit
- Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 3, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Bioeconomy Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
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Kormelink R, Verchot J, Tao X, Desbiez C. The Bunyavirales: The Plant-Infecting Counterparts. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050842. [PMID: 34066457 PMCID: PMC8148189 DOI: 10.3390/v13050842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative-strand (-) RNA viruses (NSVs) comprise a large and diverse group of viruses that are generally divided in those with non-segmented and those with segmented genomes. Whereas most NSVs infect animals and humans, the smaller group of the plant-infecting counterparts is expanding, with many causing devastating diseases worldwide, affecting a large number of major bulk and high-value food crops. In 2018, the taxonomy of segmented NSVs faced a major reorganization with the establishment of the order Bunyavirales. This article overviews the major plant viruses that are part of the order, i.e., orthospoviruses (Tospoviridae), tenuiviruses (Phenuiviridae), and emaraviruses (Fimoviridae), and provides updates on the more recent ongoing research. Features shared with the animal-infecting counterparts are mentioned, however, special attention is given to their adaptation to plant hosts and vector transmission, including intra/intercellular trafficking and viral counter defense to antiviral RNAi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kormelink
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanmarie Verchot
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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19
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Fratini M, Krishnamoorthy P, Stenzel I, Riechmann M, Matzner M, Bacia K, Heilmann M, Heilmann I. Plasma membrane nano-organization specifies phosphoinositide effects on Rho-GTPases and actin dynamics in tobacco pollen tubes. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:642-670. [PMID: 33955493 PMCID: PMC8136918 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tube growth requires coordination of cytoskeletal dynamics and apical secretion. The regulatory phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) is enriched in the subapical plasma membrane of pollen tubes of Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and can influence both actin dynamics and secretion. How alternative PtdIns(4,5)P2 effects are specified is unclear. In tobacco pollen tubes, spinning disc microscopy (SD) reveals dual distribution of a fluorescent PtdIns(4,5)P2-reporter in dynamic plasma membrane nanodomains vs. apparent diffuse membrane labeling, consistent with spatially distinct coexisting pools of PtdIns(4,5)P2. Several PI4P 5-kinases (PIP5Ks) can generate PtdIns(4,5)P2 in pollen tubes. Despite localizing to one membrane region, the PIP5Ks AtPIP5K2-EYFP and NtPIP5K6-EYFP display distinctive overexpression effects on cell morphologies, respectively related to altered actin dynamics or membrane trafficking. When analyzed by SD, AtPIP5K2-EYFP associated with nanodomains, whereas NtPIP5K6-EYFP localized diffusely. Chimeric AtPIP5K2-EYFP and NtPIP5K6-EYFP variants with reciprocally swapped membrane-associating domains evoked reciprocally shifted effects on cell morphology upon overexpression. Overall, active PI4P 5-kinase variants stabilized actin when targeted to nanodomains, suggesting a role of nanodomain-associated PtdIns(4,5)P2 in actin regulation. This notion is further supported by interaction and proximity of nanodomain-associated AtPIP5K2 with the Rho-GTPase NtRac5, and by its functional interplay with elements of Rho of plants signaling. Plasma membrane nano-organization may thus aid the specification of PtdIns(4,5)P2 functions to coordinate cytoskeletal dynamics and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fratini
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Praveen Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Irene Stenzel
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mara Riechmann
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Monique Matzner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kirsten Bacia
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mareike Heilmann
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ingo Heilmann
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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20
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Chen C, Vanneste S, Chen X. Review: Membrane tethers control plasmodesmal function and formation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 304:110800. [PMID: 33568299 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication is crucial in coordinating diverse biological processes in multicellular organisms. In plants, communication between adjacent cells occurs via nanotubular passages called plasmodesmata (PD). The PD passage is composed of an appressed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) internally, and plasma membrane (PM) externally, that traverses the cell wall, and associates with the actin-cytoskeleton. The coordination of the ER, PM and cytoskeleton plays a potential role in maintaining the architecture and conductivity of PD. Many data suggest that PD-associated proteins can serve as tethers that connect these structures in a functional PD, to regulate cell-to-cell communication. In this review, we summarize the organization and regulation of PD activity via tethering proteins, and discuss the importance of PD-mediated cell-to-cell communication in plant development and defense against environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Chen
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Songdomunhwa-Ro, 119, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea
| | - Xu Chen
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
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21
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Florencio-Ortiz V, Sellés-Marchart S, Casas JL. Proteome changes in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) leaves induced by the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:12. [PMID: 33407137 PMCID: PMC7788789 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aphid attack induces defense responses in plants activating several signaling cascades that led to the production of toxic, repellent or antinutritive compounds and the consequent reorganization of the plant primary metabolism. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) leaf proteomic response against Myzus persicae (Sulzer) has been investigated and analyzed by LC-MS/MS coupled with bioinformatics tools. RESULTS Infestation with an initially low density (20 aphids/plant) of aphids restricted to a single leaf taking advantage of clip cages resulted in 6 differentially expressed proteins relative to control leaves (3 proteins at 2 days post-infestation and 3 proteins at 4 days post-infestation). Conversely, when plants were infested with a high density of infestation (200 aphids/plant) 140 proteins resulted differentially expressed relative to control leaves (97 proteins at 2 days post-infestation, 112 proteins at 4 days post-infestation and 105 proteins at 7 days post-infestation). The majority of proteins altered by aphid attack were involved in photosynthesis and photorespiration, oxidative stress, translation, protein folding and degradation and amino acid metabolism. Other proteins identified were involved in lipid, carbohydrate and hormone metabolism, transcription, transport, energy production and cell organization. However proteins directly involved in defense were scarce and were mostly downregulated in response to aphids. CONCLUSIONS The unexpectedly very low number of regulated proteins found in the experiment with a low aphid density suggests an active mitigation of plant defensive response by aphids or alternatively an aphid strategy to remain undetected by the plant. Under a high density of aphids, pepper leaf proteome however changed significantly revealing nearly all routes of plant primary metabolism being altered. Photosynthesis was so far the process with the highest number of proteins being regulated by the presence of aphids. In general, at short times of infestation (2 days) most of the altered proteins were upregulated. However, at longer times of infestation (7 days) the protein downregulation prevailed. Proteins involved in plant defense and in hormone signaling were scarce and mostly downregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Florencio-Ortiz
- Unidad Asociada CSIC-UA IPAB. Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIBIO (Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad), University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, E-03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Susana Sellés-Marchart
- Genomics and Proteomics Unit, Servicios Técnicos de Investigación, University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, E-03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - José L Casas
- Unidad Asociada CSIC-UA IPAB. Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIBIO (Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad), University of Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, E-03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
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22
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González R, Butković A, Rivarez MPS, Elena SF. Natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana rosette area unveils new genes involved in plant development. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17600. [PMID: 33077802 PMCID: PMC7788084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth is a complex trait influenced by multiple genes that act at different moments during the development of an organism. This makes it difficult to spot its underlying genetic mechanisms. Since plant growth is intimately related to the effective leaf surface area (ELSA), identifying genes controlling this trait will shed light on our understanding of plant growth. To find new genes with a significant contribution to plant growth, here we used the natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana to perform a genome-wide association study of ELSA. To do this, the projected rosette area of 710 worldwide distributed natural accessions was measured and analyzed using the genome-wide efficient mixed model association algorithm. From this analysis, ten genes were identified having SNPs with a significant association with ELSA. To validate the implication of these genes into A. thaliana growth, six of them were further studied by phenotyping knock-out mutant plants. It was observed that rem1.2, orc1a, ppd1, and mcm4 mutants showed different degrees of reduction in rosette size, thus confirming the role of these genes in plant growth. Our study identified genes already known to be involved in plant growth but also assigned this role, for the first time, to other genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén González
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, Parc Cientific UV, Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Anamarija Butković
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, Parc Cientific UV, Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mark Paul Selda Rivarez
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, Parc Cientific UV, Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Santiago F Elena
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (I2SysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, Parc Cientific UV, Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9, Paterna, 46980, Valencia, Spain
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM, 87501, USA
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23
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Mamenko T, Kots S. Lipid peroxidation of cell membranes in the formation and regulation of plant protective reactions. UKRAINIAN BOTANICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj77.04.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved vacuole/lysosome-mediated degradation pathway for clearing and recycling cellular components including cytosol, macromolecules, and dysfunctional organelles. In recent years, autophagy has emerged to play important roles in plant-pathogen interactions. It acts as an antiviral defense mechanism in plants. Moreover, increasing evidence shows that plant viruses can manipulate, hijack, or even exploit the autophagy pathway to promote pathogenesis, demonstrating the pivotal role of autophagy in the evolutionary arms race between hosts and viruses. In this review, we discuss recent findings about the antiviral and proviral roles of autophagy in plant-virus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Asigul Ismayil
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Yule Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
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25
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Abstract
Anionic phospholipids, which include phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine, and phosphoinositides, represent a small percentage of membrane lipids. They are able to modulate the physical properties of membranes, such as their surface charges, curvature, or clustering of proteins. Moreover, by mediating interactions with numerous membrane-associated proteins, they are key components in the establishment of organelle identity and dynamics. Finally, anionic lipids also act as signaling molecules, as they are rapidly produced or interconverted by a set of dedicated enzymes. As such, anionic lipids are major regulators of many fundamental cellular processes, including cell signaling, cell division, membrane trafficking, cell growth, and gene expression. In this review, we describe the functions of anionic lipids from a cellular perspective. Using the localization of each anionic lipid and its related metabolic enzymes as starting points, we summarize their roles within the different compartments of the endomembrane system and address their associated developmental and physiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise C Noack
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure (ENS) de Lyon, L'Université Claude Bernard (UCB) Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, 69342 Lyon, France; ,
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure (ENS) de Lyon, L'Université Claude Bernard (UCB) Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, 69342 Lyon, France; ,
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26
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Internalization of miPEP165a into Arabidopsis Roots Depends on Both Passive Diffusion and Endocytosis-Associated Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072266. [PMID: 32218176 PMCID: PMC7178249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MiPEPs are short natural peptides encoded by microRNAs in plants. Exogenous application of miPEPs increases the expression of their corresponding miRNA and, consequently, induces consistent phenotypical changes. Therefore, miPEPs carry huge potential in agronomy as gene regulators that do not require genome manipulation. However, to this end, it is necessary to know their mode of action, including where they act and how they enter the plants. Here, after analyzing the effect of Arabidopsis thaliana miPEP165a on root and aerial part development, we followed the internalization of fluorescent-labelled miPEP165a into roots and compared its uptake into endocytosis-altered mutants to that observed in wild-type plants treated or not with endocytosis inhibitors. The results show that entry of miPEP165a involves both a passive diffusion at the root apex and endocytosis-associated internalization in the differentiation and mature zones. Moreover, miPEP165a is unable to enter the central cylinder and does not migrate from the roots to the aerial part of the plant, suggesting that miPEPs have no systemic effect.
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27
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Cheng G, Yang Z, Zhang H, Zhang J, Xu J. Remorin interacting with PCaP1 impairs Turnip mosaic virus intercellular movement but is antagonised by VPg. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:2122-2139. [PMID: 31657467 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Group 1 Remorins (REMs) are extensively involved in virus trafficking through plasmodesmata (PD). However, their roles in Potyvirus cell-to-cell movement are not known. The plasma membrane (PM)-associated Ca2+ binding protein 1 (PCaP1) interacts with the P3N-PIPO of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and is required for TuMV cell-to-cell movement, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The mutant plants with overexpression or knockout of REM1.2 were used to investigate its role in TuMV cell-to-cell movement. Arabidopsis thaliana complementary mutants of pcap1 were used to investigate the role of PCaP1 in TuMV cell-to-cell movement. Yeast-two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, co-immunoprecipitation and RT-qPCR assays were employed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. The results show that TuMV-P3N-PIPO recruits PCaP1 to PD and the actin filament-severing activity of PCaP1 is required for TuMV intercellular movement. REM1.2 negatively regulates the cell-to-cell movement of TuMV via competition with PCaP1 for binding actin filaments. As a counteractive response, TuMV mediates REM1.2 degradation via both 26S ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy pathways through the interaction of VPg with REM1.2 to establish systemic infection in Arabidopsis. This work unveils the actin cytoskeleton and PM nanodomain-associated molecular events underlying the cell-to-cell movement of potyviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zongtao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jisen Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology (HIST), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jingsheng Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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28
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The functional diversity of structural disorder in plant proteins. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 680:108229. [PMID: 31870661 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Structural disorder in proteins is a widespread feature distributed in all domains of life, particularly abundant in eukaryotes, including plants. In these organisms, intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) perform a diversity of functions, participating as integrators of signaling networks, in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, in metabolic control, in stress responses and in the formation of biomolecular condensates by liquid-liquid phase separation. Their roles impact the perception, propagation and control of various developmental and environmental cues, as well as the plant defense against abiotic and biotic adverse conditions. In this review, we focus on primary processes to exhibit a broad perspective of the relevance of IDPs in plant cell functions. The information here might help to incorporate this knowledge into a more dynamic view of plant cells, as well as open more questions and promote new ideas for a better understanding of plant life.
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29
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Gronnier J, Legrand A, Loquet A, Habenstein B, Germain V, Mongrand S. Mechanisms governing subcompartmentalization of biological membranes. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 52:114-123. [PMID: 31546133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Membranes show a tremendous variety of lipids and proteins operating biochemistry, transport and signalling. The dynamics and the organization of membrane constituents are regulated in space and time to execute precise functions. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that shape and govern membrane subcompartmentalization and inter-organelle contact sites still remains limited. Here, we review some reported mechanisms implicated in regulating plant membrane domains including those of plasma membrane, plastids, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, we discuss several state-of-the-art methods that allow nowadays researchers to decipher the architecture of these structures at the molecular and atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gronnier
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Legrand
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, All, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Pessac, France
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, All, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Pessac, France
| | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, All, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Pessac, France
| | - Véronique Germain
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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30
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Wang S, Chen Z, Tian L, Ding Y, Zhang J, Zhou J, Liu P, Chen Y, Wu L. Comparative proteomics combined with analyses of transgenic plants reveal ZmREM1.3 mediates maize resistance to southern corn rust. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:2153-2168. [PMID: 30972847 PMCID: PMC6790363 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Southern corn rust (SCR), which is a destructive disease caused by Puccinia polysora Underw. (P. polysora), commonly occurs in warm-temperate and tropical regions. To identify candidate proteins related to SCR resistance and characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the maize-P. polysora interaction, a comparative proteomic analysis of susceptible and resistant maize lines was performed. Statistical analyses revealed 1489 differentially abundant proteins in the resistant line, as well as 1035 differentially abundant proteins in the susceptible line. After the P. polysora infection, the abundance of one remorin protein (ZmREM1.3) increased in the resistant genotype, but decreased in the susceptible genotype. Plant-specific remorins are important for responses to microbial infections as well as plant signalling processes. In this study, transgenic maize plants overexpressing ZmREM1.3 exhibited enhanced resistance to the biotrophic P. polysora. In contrast, homozygous ZmREM1.3 UniformMu mutant plants were significantly more susceptible to P. polysora than wild-type plants. Additionally, the ZmREM1.3-overexpressing plants accumulated more salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). Moreover, the expression levels of defence-related genes were higher in ZmREM1.3-overexpressing maize plants than in non-transgenic control plants in response to the P. polysora infection. Overall, our results provide evidence that ZmREM1.3 positively regulates maize defences against P. polysora likely via SA/JA-mediated defence signalling pathways. This study represents the first large-scale proteomic analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying the maize-P. polysora interaction. This is also the first report confirming the remorin protein family affects plant resistance to SCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxi Wang
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
| | - Zan Chen
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
| | - Lei Tian
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
| | - Yezhang Ding
- Section of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of California at San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Cereal Crop Research InstituteHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouChina
| | - Jinlong Zhou
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
| | - Ping Liu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
| | - Liuji Wu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan ProvinceZhengzhouChina
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Salicylic acid-mediated plasmodesmal closure via Remorin-dependent lipid organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21274-21284. [PMID: 31575745 PMCID: PMC6800329 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911892116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) create cytoplasmic and membrane continuities between adjacent cells to facilitate cell–cell communication and virus movement. Plant cells have evolved diverse mechanisms to regulate PD plasticity against plant pathogens, including the accumulation of the defense hormone, salicylic acid (SA). However, the mechanism of how this occurs is not well understood. Here, we uncover a mechanism by which SA triggers Remorin-dependent membrane lipid nanodomain assembly, leading to enhancement of the liquid-ordered phase. The higher-ordered lipids, which are particularly enriched at PD membrane, decreased PD membrane plasticity, and thus restricted PD opening and impeded virus spreading. Our findings address a knowledge gap in plant defense mechanisms at the membrane level that rely on SA-controlled lipid order and PD closure. Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific membrane-lined channels that create cytoplasmic and membrane continuities between adjacent cells, thereby facilitating cell–cell communication and virus movement. Plant cells have evolved diverse mechanisms to regulate PD plasticity in response to numerous environmental stimuli. In particular, during defense against plant pathogens, the defense hormone, salicylic acid (SA), plays a crucial role in the regulation of PD permeability in a callose-dependent manner. Here, we uncover a mechanism by which plants restrict the spreading of virus and PD cargoes using SA signaling by increasing lipid order and closure of PD. We showed that exogenous SA application triggered the compartmentalization of lipid raft nanodomains through a modulation of the lipid raft-regulatory protein, Remorin (REM). Genetic studies, superresolution imaging, and transmission electron microscopy observation together demonstrated that Arabidopsis REM1.2 and REM1.3 are crucial for plasma membrane nanodomain assembly to control PD aperture and functionality. In addition, we also found that a 14-3-3 epsilon protein modulates REM clustering and membrane nanodomain compartmentalization through its direct interaction with REM proteins. This study unveils a molecular mechanism by which the key plant defense hormone, SA, triggers membrane lipid nanodomain reorganization, thereby regulating PD closure to impede virus spreading.
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Albers P, Üstün S, Witzel K, Kraner M, Börnke F. A Remorin from Nicotiana benthamiana Interacts with the Pseudomonas Type-III Effector Protein HopZ1a and is Phosphorylated by the Immune-Related Kinase PBS1. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2019; 32:1229-1242. [PMID: 31012804 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-04-19-0105-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane (PM) is at the interface of plant-pathogen interactions and, thus, many bacterial type-III effector (T3E) proteins target membrane-associated processes to interfere with immunity. The Pseudomonas syringae T3E HopZ1a is a host cell PM-localized effector protein that has several immunity-associated host targets but also activates effector-triggered immunity in resistant backgrounds. Although HopZ1a has been shown to interfere with early defense signaling at the PM, no dedicated PM-associated HopZ1a target protein has been identified until now. Here, we show that HopZ1a interacts with the PM-associated remorin protein NbREM4 from Nicotiana benthamiana in several independent assays. NbREM4 relocalizes to membrane nanodomains after treatment with the bacterial elicitor flg22 and transient overexpression of NbREM4 in N. benthamiana induces the expression of a subset of defense-related genes. We can further show that NbREM4 interacts with the immune-related receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase avrPphB-susceptible 1 (PBS1) and is phosphorylated by PBS1 on several residues in vitro. Thus, we conclude that NbREM4 is associated with early defense signaling at the PM. The possible relevance of the HopZ1a-NbREM4 interaction for HopZ1a virulence and avirulence functions is discussed.Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Albers
- Plant Metabolism, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Suayib Üstün
- Plant Metabolism, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Katja Witzel
- Principles of Integrated Pest Management, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Max Kraner
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frederik Börnke
- Plant Metabolism, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Identification of Candidate Ergosterol-Responsive Proteins Associated with the Plasma Membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061302. [PMID: 30875866 PMCID: PMC6471938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of fungal diseases on crop production negatively reflects on sustainable food production and overall economic health. Ergosterol is the major sterol component in fungal membranes and regarded as a general elicitor or microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecule. Although plant responses to ergosterol have been reported, the perception mechanism is still unknown. Here, Arabidopsis thaliana protein fractions were used to identify those differentially regulated following ergosterol treatment; additionally, they were subjected to affinity-based chromatography enrichment strategies to capture and categorize ergosterol-interacting candidate proteins using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mature plants were treated with 250 nM ergosterol over a 24 h period, and plasma membrane-associated fractions were isolated. In addition, ergosterol was immobilized on two different affinity-based systems to capture interacting proteins/complexes. This resulted in the identification of defense-related proteins such as chitin elicitor receptor kinase (CERK), non-race specific disease resistance/harpin-induced (NDR1/HIN1)-like protein, Ras-related proteins, aquaporins, remorin protein, leucine-rich repeat (LRR)- receptor like kinases (RLKs), G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase (GsSRK), and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein. Furthermore, the results elucidated unknown signaling responses to this MAMP, including endocytosis, and other similarities to those previously reported for bacterial flagellin, lipopolysaccharides, and fungal chitin.
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Ganusova EE, Burch-Smith TM. Review: Plant-pathogen interactions through the plasmodesma prism. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 279:70-80. [PMID: 30709495 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) allow membrane and cytoplasmic continuity between plant cells, and they are essential for intercellular communication and signaling in addition to metabolite partitioning. Plant pathogens have evolved a variety of mechanisms to subvert PD to facilitate their infection of plant hosts. PD are implicated not only in local spread around infection sites but also in the systemic spread of pathogens and pathogen-derived molecules. In turn, plants have developed strategies to limit pathogen spread via PD, and there is increasing evidence that PD may also be active players in plant defense responses. The last few years have seen important advances in understanding the roles of PD in plant-pathogen infection. Nonetheless, several critical areas remain to be addressed. Here we highlight some of these, focusing on the need to consider the effects of pathogen-PD interaction on the trafficking of endogenous molecules, and the involvement of chloroplasts in regulating PD during pathogen defense. By their very nature, PD are recalcitrant to most currently used investigative techniques, therefore answering these questions will require creative imaging and novel quantification approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena E Ganusova
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, United States
| | - Tessa M Burch-Smith
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, United States.
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Zheng L, Liu P, Liu Q, Wang T, Dong J. Dynamic Protein S-Acylation in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030560. [PMID: 30699892 PMCID: PMC6387154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid modification is an important post-translational modification. S-acylation is unique among lipid modifications, as it is reversible and has thus attracted much attention. We summarize some proteins that have been shown experimentally to be S-acylated in plants. Two of these S-acylated proteins have been matched to the S-acyl transferase. More importantly, the first protein thioesterase with de-S-acylation activity has been identified in plants. This review shows that S-acylation is important for a variety of different functions in plants and that there are many unexplored aspects of S-acylation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jiangli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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36
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Thürich J, Meichsner D, Furch ACU, Pfalz J, Krüger T, Kniemeyer O, Brakhage A, Oelmüller R. Arabidopsis thaliana responds to colonisation of Piriformospora indica by secretion of symbiosis-specific proteins. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209658. [PMID: 30589877 PMCID: PMC6307754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants interact with a wide variety of fungi in a mutualistic, parasitic or neutral way. The associations formed depend on the exchange of nutrients and signalling molecules between the partners. This includes a diverse set of protein classes involved in defence, nutrient uptake or establishing a symbiotic relationship. Here, we have analysed the secretomes of the mutualistic, root-endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica and Arabidopsis thaliana when cultivated alone or in a co-culture. More than one hundred proteins were identified as differentially secreted, including proteins associated with growth, development, abiotic and biotic stress response and mucilage. While some of the proteins have been associated before to be involved in plant-microbial interaction, other proteins are newly described in this context. One plant protein found in the co-culture is PLAT1 (Polycystin, Lipoxygenase, Alpha-toxin and Triacylglycerol lipase). PLAT1 has not been associated with plant-fungal-interaction and is known to play a role in abiotic stress responses. In colonised roots PLAT1 shows an altered gene expression in a stage specific manner and plat1 knock-out plants are colonised stronger. It co-localises with Brassicaceae-specific endoplasmic reticulum bodies (ER-bodies) which are involved in the formation of the defence compound scopolin. We observed degraded ER-bodies in infected Arabidopsis roots and a change in the scopolin level in response to the presence of the fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Thürich
- Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Doreen Meichsner
- Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexandra C. U. Furch
- Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jeannette Pfalz
- Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Krüger
- Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Olaf Kniemeyer
- Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Brakhage
- Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute for Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Faculty of Biological Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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REM1.3's phospho-status defines its plasma membrane nanodomain organization and activity in restricting PVX cell-to-cell movement. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007378. [PMID: 30419072 PMCID: PMC6258466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants respond to pathogens through dynamic regulation of plasma membrane-bound signaling pathways. To date, how the plant plasma membrane is involved in responses to viruses is mostly unknown. Here, we show that plant cells sense the Potato virus X (PVX) COAT PROTEIN and TRIPLE GENE BLOCK 1 proteins and subsequently trigger the activation of a membrane-bound calcium-dependent kinase. We show that the Arabidopsis thaliana CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE 3-interacts with group 1 REMORINs in vivo, phosphorylates the intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain of the Group 1 REMORIN REM1.3, and restricts PVX cell-to-cell movement. REM1.3's phospho-status defines its plasma membrane nanodomain organization and is crucial for REM1.3-dependent restriction of PVX cell-to-cell movement by regulation of callose deposition at plasmodesmata. This study unveils plasma membrane nanodomain-associated molecular events underlying the plant immune response to viruses. Viruses propagate in plants through membranous channels, called plasmodesmata, linking each cell to its neighboring cell. In this work, we challenge the role of the plasma membrane in the regulation of virus propagation. By studying the dynamics and the activation of a plant-specific protein called REMORIN, we found that the way this protein is organized inside the membrane is crucial to fulfill its function in the immunity of plants against viruses.
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38
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Bieberich E. Sphingolipids and lipid rafts: Novel concepts and methods of analysis. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 216:114-131. [PMID: 30194926 PMCID: PMC6196108 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
About twenty years ago, the functional lipid raft model of the plasma membrane was published. It took into account decades of research showing that cellular membranes are not just homogenous mixtures of lipids and proteins. Lateral anisotropy leads to assembly of membrane domains with specific lipid and protein composition regulating vesicular traffic, cell polarity, and cell signaling pathways in a plethora of biological processes. However, what appeared to be a clearly defined entity of clustered raft lipids and proteins became increasingly fluid over the years, and many of the fundamental questions about biogenesis and structure of lipid rafts remained unanswered. Experimental obstacles in visualizing lipids and their interactions hampered progress in understanding just how big rafts are, where and when they are formed, and with which proteins raft lipids interact. In recent years, we have begun to answer some of these questions and sphingolipids may take center stage in re-defining the meaning and functional significance of lipid rafts. In addition to the archetypical cholesterol-sphingomyelin raft with liquid ordered (Lo) phase and the liquid-disordered (Ld) non-raft regions of cellular membranes, a third type of microdomains termed ceramide-rich platforms (CRPs) with gel-like structure has been identified. CRPs are "ceramide rafts" that may offer some fresh view on the membrane mesostructure and answer several critical questions for our understanding of lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhard Bieberich
- Department of Physiology at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
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39
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Cheng L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Gao H, Zhang F. Comparative proteomics illustrates the molecular mechanism of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuberization inhibited by exogenous gibberellins in vitro. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 163:103-123. [PMID: 29135031 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Among the multiple environmental signals and hormonal factors regulating potato tuberization, gibberellins (GAs) are important components of the signaling pathways in these processes. To understand the GAs-signaling response mechanism of potato tuberization, a comparative proteomics approach was applied to analyze proteome change of potato tuberization in vitro subjected to a range of exogenous GA3 treatments (0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 μM) using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Quantitative image analyses showed that a total of 37 protein spots have their abundance significantly altered more than 2-fold. Among these proteins, 13 proteins were up-regulated, 13 proteins were down-regulated, one protein was absent and 10 proteins were induced after treatment by exogenous GA3 . The MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analyses led to the identification of differentially abundant proteins that are mainly involved in bioenergy and metabolism, storage, signaling, cell defense and rescue, transcription, chaperones, transport. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of GA3 -responsive proteome allowed for general elucidation of underlying molecular mechanisms of potato tuberization inhibited by exogenous GA3 . Most of these cellular processes were not conducive to the transition from stolon elongation to tuber formation, including a blockage of starch and storage protein accumulation, the accelerated carbohydrate catabolism, a blockage of JA biosynthesis but an elevated endogenous GAs level, the amplification of GA3 signal transduction by other signaling pathways, and the regulation of cellular RNA metabolism for controlling tuberization. Our results firstly integrated physiology and proteome data to provide new insights into GA3 -signaling response mechanisms of potato tuberization in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Cheng
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yueshan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qingquan Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huihui Gao
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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40
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Symbiotic root infections in Medicago truncatula require remorin-mediated receptor stabilization in membrane nanodomains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:5289-5294. [PMID: 29712849 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721868115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cell infection is tightly controlled by cell surface receptor-like kinases (RLKs). Like other RLKs, the Medicago truncatula entry receptor LYK3 laterally segregates into membrane nanodomains in a stimulus-dependent manner. Although nanodomain localization arises as a generic feature of plant membrane proteins, the molecular mechanisms underlying such dynamic transitions and their functional relevance have remained poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that actin and the flotillin protein FLOT4 form the primary and indispensable core of a specific nanodomain. Infection-dependent induction of the remorin protein and secondary molecular scaffold SYMREM1 results in subsequent recruitment of ligand-activated LYK3 and its stabilization within these membrane subcompartments. Reciprocally, the majority of this LYK3 receptor pool is destabilized at the plasma membrane and undergoes rapid endocytosis in symrem1 mutants on rhizobial inoculation, resulting in premature abortion of host cell infections. These data reveal that receptor recruitment into nanodomains is indispensable for their function during host cell infection.
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41
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Wang L, Xue Y, Xing J, Song K, Lin J. Exploring the Spatiotemporal Organization of Membrane Proteins in Living Plant Cells. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 69:525-551. [PMID: 29489393 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane proteins have important roles in transport and signal transduction. Deciphering the spatiotemporal organization of these proteins provides crucial information for elucidating the links between the behaviors of different molecules. However, monitoring membrane proteins without disrupting their membrane environment remains difficult. Over the past decade, many studies have developed single-molecule techniques, opening avenues for probing the stoichiometry and interactions of membrane proteins in their native environment by providing nanometer-scale spatial information and nanosecond-scale temporal information. In this review, we assess recent progress in the development of labeling and imaging technology for membrane protein analysis. We focus in particular on several single-molecule techniques for quantifying the dynamics and assembly of membrane proteins. Finally, we provide examples of how these new techniques are advancing our understanding of the complex biological functions of membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yiqun Xue
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jingjing Xing
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Kai Song
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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42
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Martinez D, Legrand A, Gronnier J, Decossas M, Gouguet P, Lambert O, Berbon M, Verron L, Grélard A, Germain V, Loquet A, Mongrand S, Habenstein B. Coiled-coil oligomerization controls localization of the plasma membrane REMORINs. J Struct Biol 2018; 206:12-19. [PMID: 29481850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
REMORINs are nanodomain-organized proteins located in the plasma membrane and involved in cellular responses in plants. The dynamic assembly of the membrane nanodomains represents an essential tool of the versatile membrane barriers to control and modulate cellular functions. Nevertheless, the assembly mechanisms and protein organization strategies of nanodomains are poorly understood and many structural aspects are difficult to visualize. Using an ensemble of biophysical approaches, including solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, cryo-electron microscopy and in vivo confocal imaging, we provide first insights on the role and the structural mechanisms of REMORIN trimerization. Our results suggest that the formation of REMORIN coiled-coil trimers is essential for membrane recruitment and promotes REMORIN assembly in vitro into long filaments by trimer-trimer interactions that might participate in nanoclustering into membrane domains in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Martinez
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Anthony Legrand
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Julien Gronnier
- Laboratoire de Biogènese Membranaire - UMR 5200 - CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cédex, France
| | - Marion Decossas
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, 14 All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Paul Gouguet
- Laboratoire de Biogènese Membranaire - UMR 5200 - CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cédex, France
| | - Olivier Lambert
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, 14 All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mélanie Berbon
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Loris Verron
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Axelle Grélard
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Veronique Germain
- Laboratoire de Biogènese Membranaire - UMR 5200 - CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cédex, France
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogènese Membranaire - UMR 5200 - CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cédex, France.
| | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Universite Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, All. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France.
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Fu S, Xu Y, Li C, Li Y, Wu J, Zhou X. Rice Stripe Virus Interferes with S-acylation of Remorin and Induces Its Autophagic Degradation to Facilitate Virus Infection. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:269-287. [PMID: 29229567 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Remorins are plant-specific membrane-associated proteins and were proposed to play crucial roles in plant-pathogen interactions. However, little is known about how pathogens counter remorin-mediated host responses. In this study, by quantitative whole-proteome analysis we found that the remorin protein (NbREM1) is downregulated early in Rice stripe virus (RSV) infection. We further discovered that the turnover of NbREM1 is regulated by S-acylation modification and its degradation is mediated mainly through the autophagy pathway. Interestingly, RSV can interfere with the S-acylation of NbREM1, which is required to negatively regulate RSV infection by restricting virus cell-to-cell trafficking. The disruption of NbREM1 S-acylation affects its targeting to the plasma membrane microdomain, and the resulting accumulation of non-targeted NbREM1 is subjected to autophagic degradation, causing downregulation of NbREM1. Moreover, we found that RSV-encoded movement protein, NSvc4, alone can interfere with NbREM1 S-acylation through binding with the C-terminal domain of NbREM1 the S-acylation of OsREM1.4, the homologous remorin of NbREM1, and thus remorin-mediated defense against RSV in rice, the original host of RSV, indicating that downregulation of the remorin protein level by interfering with its S-acylation is a common strategy adopted by RSV to overcome remorin-mediated inhibition of virus movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianxiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Sperotto RA, de Araújo Junior AT, Adamski JM, Cargnelutti D, Ricachenevsky FK, de Oliveira BHN, da Cruz RP, Dos Santos RP, da Silva LP, Fett JP. Deep RNAseq indicates protective mechanisms of cold-tolerant indica rice plants during early vegetative stage. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:347-375. [PMID: 29151156 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cold-tolerance in rice may be related to increased cellulose deposition in the cell wall, membrane fatty acids unsaturation and differential expression of several newly identified genes. Low temperature exposure during early vegetative stages limits rice plant's growth and development. Most genes previously related to cold tolerance in rice are from the japonica subspecies. To help clarify the mechanisms that regulate cold tolerance in young indica rice plants, comparative transcriptome analysis of 6 h cold-treated (10 °C) leaves from two genotypes, cold-tolerant (CT) and cold-sensitive (CS), was performed. Differentially expressed genes were identified: 831 and 357 sequences more expressed in the tolerant and in the sensitive genotype, respectively. The genes with higher expression in the CT genotype were used in systems biology analyses to identify protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and nodes (proteins) that are hubs and bottlenecks in the PPI. From the genes more expressed in the tolerant plants, 60% were reported as affected by cold in previous transcriptome experiments and 27% are located within QTLs related to cold tolerance during the vegetative stage. Novel cold-responsive genes were identified. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the high-quality of RNAseq libraries. Several genes related to cell wall assembly or reinforcement are cold-induced or constitutively highly expressed in the tolerant genotype. Cold-tolerant plants have increased cellulose deposition under cold. Genes related to lipid metabolism are more expressed in the tolerant genotype, which has higher membrane fatty acids unsaturation, with increasing levels of linoleic acid under cold. The CT genotype seems to have higher photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant capacity, as well as more effective ethylene, Ca2+ and hormone signaling than the CS. These genes could be useful in future biotechnological approaches aiming to increase cold tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Antonio Sperotto
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGBiotec), Universidade do Vale do Taquari-UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Janete Mariza Adamski
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Denise Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ben-Hur Neves de Oliveira
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Pereira da Cruz
- Departamento de Plantas de Lavoura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Pires Dos Santos
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leila Picolli da Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Janette Palma Fett
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Sasaki N, Takashima E, Nyunoya H. Altered Subcellular Localization of a Tobacco Membrane Raft-Associated Remorin Protein by Tobamovirus Infection and Transient Expression of Viral Replication and Movement Proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:619. [PMID: 29868075 PMCID: PMC5962775 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Remorins are plant specific proteins found in plasma membrane microdomains (termed lipid or membrane rafts) and plasmodesmata. A potato remorin is reported to be involved in negatively regulating potexvirus movement and plasmodesmal permeability. In this study, we isolated cDNAs of tobacco remorins (NtREMs) and examined roles of an NtREM in infection by tomato mosaic virus (ToMV). Subcellular localization analysis using fluorescently tagged NtREM, ToMV, and viral replication and movement proteins (MPs) indicated that virus infection and transient expression of the viral proteins promoted the formation of NtREM aggregates by altering the subcellular distribution of NtREM, which was localized uniformly on the plasma membrane under normal conditions. NtREM aggregates were often observed associated closely with endoplasmic reticulum networks and bodies of the 126K replication and MPs. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay indicated that NtREM might interact directly with the MP on the plasma membrane and around plasmodesmata. In addition, transient overexpression of NtREM facilitated ToMV cell-to-cell movement. Based on these results, we discuss possible roles of the tobacco remorin in tobamovirus movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobumitsu Sasaki
- Gene Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
- *Correspondence: Nobumitsu Sasaki,
| | - Eita Takashima
- Gene Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nyunoya
- Gene Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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46
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Integrating cell biology and proteomic approaches in plants. J Proteomics 2017; 169:165-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gronnier J, Crowet JM, Habenstein B, Nasir MN, Bayle V, Hosy E, Platre MP, Gouguet P, Raffaele S, Martinez D, Grelard A, Loquet A, Simon-Plas F, Gerbeau-Pissot P, Der C, Bayer EM, Jaillais Y, Deleu M, Germain V, Lins L, Mongrand S. Structural basis for plant plasma membrane protein dynamics and organization into functional nanodomains. eLife 2017; 6:e26404. [PMID: 28758890 PMCID: PMC5536944 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma Membrane is the primary structure for adjusting to ever changing conditions. PM sub-compartmentalization in domains is thought to orchestrate signaling. Yet, mechanisms governing membrane organization are mostly uncharacterized. The plant-specific REMORINs are proteins regulating hormonal crosstalk and host invasion. REMs are the best-characterized nanodomain markers via an uncharacterized moiety called REMORIN C-terminal Anchor. By coupling biophysical methods, super-resolution microscopy and physiology, we decipher an original mechanism regulating the dynamic and organization of nanodomains. We showed that targeting of REMORIN is independent of the COP-II-dependent secretory pathway and mediated by PI4P and sterol. REM-CA is an unconventional lipid-binding motif that confers nanodomain organization. Analyses of REM-CA mutants by single particle tracking demonstrate that mobility and supramolecular organization are critical for immunity. This study provides a unique mechanistic insight into how the tight control of spatial segregation is critical in the definition of PM domain necessary to support biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gronnier
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Jean-Marc Crowet
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux InterfacesGX ABT, Université de LiègeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique BordeauxPessacFrance
| | - Mehmet Nail Nasir
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux InterfacesGX ABT, Université de LiègeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Vincent Bayle
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des PlantesUniversité de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Eric Hosy
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, University of BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Matthieu Pierre Platre
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des PlantesUniversité de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Paul Gouguet
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | | | - Denis Martinez
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique BordeauxPessacFrance
| | - Axelle Grelard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique BordeauxPessacFrance
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique BordeauxPessacFrance
| | - Françoise Simon-Plas
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, ERL 6003 CNRSDijonFrance
| | - Patricia Gerbeau-Pissot
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, ERL 6003 CNRSDijonFrance
| | - Christophe Der
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, ERL 6003 CNRSDijonFrance
| | - Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des PlantesUniversité de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Magali Deleu
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux InterfacesGX ABT, Université de LiègeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Véronique Germain
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Laurence Lins
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux InterfacesGX ABT, Université de LiègeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de BordeauxBordeauxFrance
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Strehmel N, Hoehenwarter W, Mönchgesang S, Majovsky P, Krüger S, Scheel D, Lee J. Stress-Related Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Stimulate the Accumulation of Small Molecules and Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana Root Exudates. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1292. [PMID: 28785276 PMCID: PMC5520323 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A delicate balance in cellular signaling is required for plants to respond to microorganisms or to changes in their environment. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are one of the signaling modules that mediate transduction of extracellular microbial signals into appropriate cellular responses. Here, we employ a transgenic system that simulates activation of two pathogen/stress-responsive MAPKs to study release of metabolites and proteins into root exudates. The premise is based on our previous proteomics study that suggests upregulation of secretory processes in this transgenic system. An advantage of this experimental set-up is the direct focus on MAPK-regulated processes without the confounding complications of other signaling pathways activated by exposure to microbes or microbial molecules. Using non-targeted metabolomics and proteomics studies, we show that MAPK activation can indeed drive the appearance of dipeptides, defense-related metabolites and proteins in root apoplastic fluid. However, the relative levels of other compounds in the exudates were decreased. This points to a bidirectional control of metabolite and protein release into the apoplast. The putative roles for some of the identified apoplastic metabolites and proteins are discussed with respect to possible antimicrobial/defense or allelopathic properties. Overall, our findings demonstrate that sustained activation of MAPKs alters the composition of apoplastic root metabolites and proteins, presumably to influence the plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. The reported metabolomics and proteomics data are available via Metabolights (Identifier: MTBLS441) and ProteomeXchange (Identifier: PXD006328), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Strehmel
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoehenwarter
- Research Group Proteome Analytics, Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle, Germany
| | - Susann Mönchgesang
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle, Germany
| | - Petra Majovsky
- Research Group Proteome Analytics, Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle, Germany
| | - Sylvia Krüger
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle, Germany
| | - Dierk Scheel
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle, Germany
| | - Justin Lee
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle, Germany
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Ishikawa K, Hashimoto M, Yusa A, Koinuma H, Kitazawa Y, Netsu O, Yamaji Y, Namba S. Dual targeting of a virus movement protein to ER and plasma membrane subdomains is essential for plasmodesmata localization. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006463. [PMID: 28640879 PMCID: PMC5498070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant virus movement proteins (MPs) localize to plasmodesmata (PD) to facilitate virus cell-to-cell movement. Numerous studies have suggested that MPs use a pathway either through the ER or through the plasma membrane (PM). Furthermore, recent studies reported that ER-PM contact sites and PM microdomains, which are subdomains found in the ER and PM, are involved in virus cell-to-cell movement. However, functional relationship of these subdomains in MP traffic to PD has not been described previously. We demonstrate here the intracellular trafficking of fig mosaic virus MP (MPFMV) using live cell imaging, focusing on its ER-directing signal peptide (SPFMV). Transiently expressed MPFMV was distributed predominantly in PD and patchy microdomains of the PM. Investigation of ER translocation efficiency revealed that SPFMV has quite low efficiency compared with SPs of well-characterized plant proteins, calreticulin and CLAVATA3. An MPFMV mutant lacking SPFMV localized exclusively to the PM microdomains, whereas SP chimeras, in which the SP of MPFMV was replaced by an SP of calreticulin or CLAVATA3, localized exclusively to the nodes of the ER, which was labeled with Arabidopsis synaptotagmin 1, a major component of ER-PM contact sites. From these results, we speculated that the low translocation efficiency of SPFMV contributes to the generation of ER-translocated and the microdomain-localized populations, both of which are necessary for PD localization. Consistent with this hypothesis, SP-deficient MPFMV became localized to PD when co-expressed with an SP chimera. Here we propose a new model for the intracellular trafficking of a viral MP. A substantial portion of MPFMV that fails to be translocated is transferred to the microdomains, whereas the remainder of MPFMV that is successfully translocated into the ER subsequently localizes to ER-PM contact sites and plays an important role in the entry of the microdomain-localized MPFMV into PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yusa
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Koinuma
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugo Kitazawa
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Netsu
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yamaji
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigetou Namba
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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50
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Takáč T, Vadovič P, Pechan T, Luptovčiak I, Šamajová O, Šamaj J. Comparative proteomic study of Arabidopsis mutants mpk4 and mpk6. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28306. [PMID: 27324189 PMCID: PMC4915016 DOI: 10.1038/srep28306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis MPK4 and MPK6 are implicated in different signalling pathways responding to diverse external stimuli. This was recently correlated with transcriptomic profiles of Arabidopsis mpk4 and mpk6 mutants, and thus it should be reflected also on the level of constitutive proteomes. Therefore, we performed a shot gun comparative proteomic analysis of Arabidopsis mpk4 and mpk6 mutant roots. We have used bioinformatic tools and propose several new proteins as putative MPK4 and MPK6 phosphorylation targets. Among these proteins in the mpk6 mutant were important modulators of development such as CDC48A and phospholipase D alpha 1. In the case of the mpk4 mutant transcriptional reprogramming might be mediated by phosphorylation and change in the abundance of mRNA decapping complex VCS. Further comparison of mpk4 and mpk6 root differential proteomes showed differences in the composition and regulation of defense related proteins. The mpk4 mutant showed altered abundances of antioxidant proteins. The examination of catalase activity in response to oxidative stress revealed that this enzyme might be preferentially regulated by MPK4. Finally, we proposed developmentally important proteins as either directly or indirectly regulated by MPK4 and MPK6. These proteins contribute to known phenotypic defects in the mpk4 and mpk6 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Takáč
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Vadovič
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tibor Pechan
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing &Biotechnology, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University, MS 39759, USA
| | - Ivan Luptovčiak
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Šamajová
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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