1
|
Yadav P, Khatri N, Gupta R, Mudgil Y. Proteomic profiling of Arabidopsis G-protein β subunit AGB1 mutant under salt stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:571-586. [PMID: 38737318 PMCID: PMC11087450 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is a limiting environmental factor that inhibits plant growth in most ecological environments. The functioning of G-proteins and activated downstream signaling during salt stress is well established and different G-protein subunits and a few downstream effectors have been identified. Arabidopsis G-protein β-subunit (AGB1) regulates the movement of Na+ from roots to shoots along with a significant role in controlling Na+ fluxes in roots, however, the molecular mechanism of AGB1 mediated salt stress regulation is not well understood. Here, we report the comparative proteome profiles of Arabidopsis AGB1 null mutant agb1-2 to investigate how the absence of AGB1 modulates the protein repertoire in response to salt stress. High-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) showed 27 protein spots that were differentially modulated between the control and NaCl treated agb1-2 seedlings of which seven were identified by mass spectrometry. Functional annotation and interactome analysis indicated that the salt-responsive proteins were majorly associated with cellulose synthesis, structural maintenance of chromosomes, DNA replication/repair, organellar RNA editing and indole glucosinolate biosynthesis. Further exploration of the functioning of these proteins could serve as a potential stepping stone for dissection of molecular mechanism of AGB1 functions during salt stress and in long run could be extrapolated to crop plants for salinity stress management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Nisha Khatri
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707 South Korea
| | - Yashwanti Mudgil
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun B, Li W, Ma Y, Yu T, Huang W, Ding J, Yu H, Jiang L, Zhang J, Lv S, Yang J, Yan S, Liu B, Liu Q. OsGLP3-7 positively regulates rice immune response by activating hydrogen peroxide, jasmonic acid, and phytoalexin metabolic pathways. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:248-261. [PMID: 36626582 PMCID: PMC9923394 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Although germin-like proteins (GLPs) have been demonstrated to participate in plant biotic stress responses, their specific functions in rice disease resistance are still largely unknown. Here, we report the identification and characterization of OsGLP3-7, a member of the GLP family in rice. Expression of OsGLP3-7 was significantly induced by pathogen infection, jasmonic acid (JA) treatment, and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) treatment. OsGLP3-7 was highly expressed in leaves and sublocalized in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of OsGLP3-7 increased plant resistance to leaf blast, panicle blast, and bacterial blight, whereas disease resistance in OsGLP3-7 RNAi silenced plants was remarkably compromised, suggesting this gene is a positive regulator of disease resistance in rice. Further analysis showed that OsGLP3-7 has superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and can influence the accumulation of H2 O2 in transgenic plants. Many genes involved in JA and phytoalexin biosynthesis were strongly induced, accompanied with elevated levels of JA and phytoalexins in OsGLP3-7-overexpressing plants, while expression of these genes was significantly suppressed and the levels of JA and phytoalexins were reduced in OsGLP3-7 RNAi plants compared with control plants, both before and after pathogen inoculation. Moreover, we showed that OsGLP3-7-dependent phytoalexin accumulation may, at least partially, be attributed to the elevated JA levels observed after pathogen infection. Taken together, our results indicate that OsGLP3-7 positively regulates rice disease resistance by activating JA and phytoalexin metabolic pathways, thus providing novel insights into the disease resistance mechanisms conferred by GLPs in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenyan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and UtilizationAgro‐Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Yamei Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Ting Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and UtilizationAgro‐Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and UtilizationAgro‐Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Jierong Ding
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Hang Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Liqun Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuwei Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianyuan Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Plant ProtectionPlant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Shijuan Yan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and UtilizationAgro‐Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Qing Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Engineering LaboratoryRice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Q, Sharif Y, Zhuang Y, Chen H, Zhang C, Fu H, Wang S, Cai T, Chen K, Raza A, Wang L, Zhuang W. Genome-wide identification of germin-like proteins in peanut ( Arachis hypogea L.) and expression analysis under different abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1044144. [PMID: 36756235 PMCID: PMC9901545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1044144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Peanut is an important food and feed crop, providing oil and protein nutrients. Germins and germin-like proteins (GLPs) are ubiquitously present in plants playing numerous roles in defense, growth and development, and different signaling pathways. However, the GLP members have not been comprehensively studied in peanut at the genome-wide scale. We carried out a genome-wide identification of the GLP genes in peanut genome. GLP members were identified comprehensively, and gene structure, genomic positions, motifs/domains distribution patterns, and phylogenetic history were studied in detail. Promoter Cis-elements, gene duplication, collinearity, miRNAs, protein-protein interactions, and expression were determined. A total of 84 GLPs (AhGLPs ) were found in the genome of cultivated peanut. These GLP genes were clustered into six groups. Segmental duplication events played a key role in the evolution of AhGLPs, and purifying selection pressure was underlying the duplication process. Most AhGLPs possessed a well-maintained gene structure and motif organization within the same group. The promoter regions of AhGLPs contained several key cis-elements responsive to 'phytohormones', 'growth and development', defense, and 'light induction'. Seven microRNAs (miRNAs) from six families were found targeting 25 AhGLPs. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that AhGLPs are highly enriched in nutrient reservoir activity, aleurone grain, external encapsulating structure, multicellular organismal reproductive process, and response to acid chemicals, indicating their important biological roles. AhGLP14, AhGLP38, AhGLP54, and AhGLP76 were expressed in most tissues, while AhGLP26, AhGLP29, and AhGLP62 showed abundant expression in the pericarp. AhGLP7, AhGLP20, and AhGLP21, etc., showed specifically high expression in embryo, while AhGLP12, AhGLP18, AhGLP40, AhGLP78, and AhGLP82 were highly expressed under different hormones, water, and temperature stress. The qRT-PCR results were in accordance with the transcriptome expression data. In short, these findings provided a foundation for future functional investigations on the AhGLPs for peanut breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yasir Sharif
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuhui Zhuang
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huiwen Fu
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiecheng Cai
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Weijian Zhuang
- Center of Legume Plant Genetics and System Biology, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
He Y, Li Y, Bai Z, Xie M, Zuo R, Liu J, Xia J, Cheng X, Liu Y, Tong C, Zhang Y, Liu S. Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of cupin_1 domain-containing members involved in the responses to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and abiotic stress in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:983786. [PMID: 35979083 PMCID: PMC9377217 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.983786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cupin_1 domain-containing proteins (CDPs) are ubiquitously present in higher plants, which are known to play essential roles in various biological processes. In this study, we carried out genome-wide characterization and systematic investigation of the CDP genes in Brassica napus. A total of 96 BnCDPs, including 71 germin-like proteins (GLPs; proteins with a single cupin_1 domain) and 25 CDP bicupins (proteins with two cupin_1 domains), were identified and clustered into six distinct subfamilies (I-VI) based on the phylogenic analysis, gene structure and motif distribution. Further analysis indicated that whole-genome duplication (WGD) and segmental duplication are main contributors to the species-specific expansion of the BnCDP gene family, and all the duplicated genes subsequently underwent strong purification selection. The promoter region of BnCDPs showed enrichment of cis-regulatory elements associated with development, hormone and stress, as well as transcription factor binding sites, which validates the prediction that BnCDPs are widely involved in plant growth and biotic and abiotic stress responses. The BnCDPs in different subfamilies exhibited obvious differences in expression among 30 developmental tissues/stages of B. napus, implying that BnCDPs may be involved in tissue- and stage-specific developmental processes. Similar trends in expression of most BnCDPs were observed under Sclerotinia sclerotiorum inoculation and four abiotic stresses (dehydration, cold, ABA and salinity), particularly the BnGLPs in subfamily I and III with single cupin_1 domain, revealing that BnCDPs are of great importance in the environmental adaption of B. napus. We then performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 274 B. napus core germplasms on S. sclerotiorum resistance and identified four significantly associated loci harboring five BnGLPs. The expression levels of two candidate genes, BnGLP1.A08 and BnGLP1.C08, were significantly correlated with S. sclerotiorum resistance. Their functional responses to multiple stages of S. sclerotiorum inoculation and four abiotic stresses were further examined through qPCR. Overall, this study provides rich resources for research on the function and evolutionary playground of CDP genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou He
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zetao Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Meili Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zuo
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueying Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Roy J, Del Río Mendoza LE, Bandillo N, McClean PE, Rahman M. Genetic mapping and genomic prediction of sclerotinia stem rot resistance to rapeseed/canola (Brassica napus L.) at seedling stage. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:2167-2184. [PMID: 35522263 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
GWAS detected ninety-eight significant SNPs associated with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance. Six statistical models resulted in medium to high predictive ability, depending on trait, indicating potential of genomic prediction for disease resistance breeding. The lack of complete host resistance and a complex resistance inheritance nature between rapeseed/canola and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum often limits the development of functional molecular markers that enable breeding for sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) resistance. However, genomics-assisted selection has the potential to accelerate the breeding for SSR resistance. Therefore, genome-wide association (GWA) mapping and genomic prediction (GP) were performed using a diverse panel of 337 rapeseed/canola genotypes. Three-week-old seedlings were screened using the petiole inoculation technique (PIT). Days to wilt (DW) up to 2 weeks and lesion phenotypes (LP) at 3, 4, and 7 days post-inoculation (dpi) were recorded. A strong correlation (r = - 0.90) between DW and LP_4dpi implied that a single time point scoring at four days could be used as a proxy trait. GWA analyses using single-locus (SL) and multi-locus (ML) models identified a total of 41, and 208 significantly associated SNPs, respectively. Out of these, ninety-eight SNPs were identified by a combination of the SL model and any of the ML models, at least two ML models, or two traits. These SNPs explained 1.25-12.22% of the phenotypic variance and considered as significant, could be associated with SSR resistance. Eighty-three candidate genes with a function in disease resistance were associated with the significant SNPs. Six GP models resulted in moderate to high (0.42-0.67) predictive ability depending on SSR resistance traits. The resistant genotypes and significant SNPs will serve as valuable resources for future SSR resistance breeding. Our results also highlight the potential of genomic selection to improve rapeseed/canola breeding for SSR resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Roy
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | | | - Nonoy Bandillo
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Phillip E McClean
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
- Genomics, Phenomics, and Bioinformatics Program, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Mukhlesur Rahman
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maximiano M, Santos L, Santos C, Aragão F, Dias S, Franco O, Mehta A. Host induced gene silencing of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum effector genes for the control of white mold. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Sharif Y, Chen H, Deng Y, Ali N, Khan SA, Zhang C, Xie W, Chen K, Cai T, Yang Q, Zhuang Y, Raza A, Zhuang W. Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Pericarp Abundant Expression Promoter (AhGLP17-1P) From Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Front Genet 2022; 12:821281. [PMID: 35126474 PMCID: PMC8811503 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.821281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and food legume crop grown in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. As a geocarpic crop, it is affected by many soil-borne diseases and pathogens. The pericarp, an inedible part of the seed, acts as the first layer of defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Pericarp promoters could drive the defense-related genes specific expression in pericarp for the defense application. Here, we identified a pericarp-abundant promoter (AhGLP17-1P) through microarray and transcriptome analysis. Besides the core promoter elements, several other important cis-elements were identified using online promoter analysis tools. Semiquantitative and qRT-PCR analyses validated that the AhGLP17-1 gene was specifically expressed only in the pericarp, and no expression was detected in leaves, stem, roots, flowers, gynophore/peg, testa, and embryo in peanut. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed strong GUS expression in siliques, while GUS staining was almost absent in remaining tissues, including roots, seedlings, leaf, stem, flowers, cotyledons, embryo, and seed coat confirmed its peanut expressions. Quantitative expression of the GUS gene also supported the GUS staining results. The results strongly suggest that this promoter can drive foreign genes’ expression in a pericarp-abundant manner. This is the first study on the functional characterization of the pericarp-abundant promoters in peanut. The results could provide practical significance to improve the resistance of peanut, and other crops for seed protection uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Sharif
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Ye Deng
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Niaz Ali
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenping Xie
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiecheng Cai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Zhuang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Weijian Zhuang
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weijian Zhuang,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Molecular evidence for the involvement of cotton GhGLP2, in enhanced resistance to Verticillium and Fusarium Wilts and oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12510. [PMID: 32719475 PMCID: PMC7385154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are a diverse and ubiquitous family of plant glycoproteins belonging to the cupin super family; they play considerable roles in plant responses against various abiotic and biotic stresses. Here, we provide evidence that GLP2 protein from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) functions in plant defense responses against Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum and oxidative stress. Purified recombinant GhGLP2 exhibits superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and inhibits spore germination of pathogens. Virus-induced silencing of GhGLP2 in cotton results in increased susceptibility to pathogens, plants exhibited severe wilt on leaves, enhanced vascular browning and suppressed callose deposition. Transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants overexpressing GhGLP2 showed significant resistance to V. dahliae and F. oxysporum, with reduced mycelia growth, increased callose deposition and cell wall lignification at infection sites on leaves. The enhanced tolerance of GhGLP2-transgenic Arabidopsis to oxidative stress was investigated by methyl viologen and ammonium persulfate treatments, along with increased H2O2 production. Further, the expression of several defense-related genes (PDF1.2, LOX2, and VSP1) or oxidative stress-related genes (RbohD, RbohF) was triggered by GhGLP2. Thus, our results confirmed the involvement of GhGLP2 in plant defense response against Verticillium and Fusarium wilt pathogens and stress conditions.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sruthilaxmi CB, Babu S. Proteome Responses to Individual Pathogens and Abiotic Conditions in Rice Seedlings. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:1326-1341. [PMID: 32175828 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-19-0425-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice plants under field conditions experience various biotic and abiotic stresses and are adapted to survive using a molecular cross-talk of genes and their protein products based on the severity of a given stress. Seedlings of cultivated variety ASD16 (resistant to fungal disease, blast; tolerant to abiotic stress, salinity) were subjected to salt, drought, high temperature and low temperature stress as well as infection by Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (causing reemerging diseases such as sheath blight and leaf blight), respectively, the sheath blight and bacterial leaf blight pathogens. Leaf proteome was analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis and differentially expressed proteins were identified using mass spectrometry. In addition to many other differentially expressed proteins, acidic endochitinase was found to be upregulated during fungal infection and drought treatment, and a germin-like protein upregulated during fungal infection and high temperature stress. These two proteins were further validated at the gene expression level using reverse transcription-PCR in dual stress experiments. Pot culture plants were subjected to fungal infection followed by drought and drought followed by fungal infection to validate chitinase gene expression. Similarly, plants subjected to fungal infections followed by high temperature stress and vice versa were used to validate the expression of germin-like protein-coding gene. The results of the present study indicate that chitinase and germin-like protein are potential targets for further exploration to develop rice plants resistant or tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Subramanian Babu
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Y, Dai M, Cai D, Shi Z. Proteome and transcriptome profile analysis reveals regulatory and stress-responsive networks in the russet fruit skin of sand pear. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:16. [PMID: 32025319 PMCID: PMC6994700 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal tissues of the cuticular membrane (CM) and periderm membrane (PM) confer first-line protection from environmental stresses in terrestrial plants. Although PM protection is essentially ubiquitous in plants, the protective mechanism, the function of many transcription factors and enzymes, and the genetic control of metabolic signaling pathways are poorly understood. Different microphenotypes and cellular components in russet (PM-covered) and green (CM-covered) fruit skins of pear were revealed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The two types of fruit skins showed distinct phytohormone accumulation, and different transcriptomic and proteomic profiles. The enriched pathways were detected by differentially expressed genes and proteins from the two omics analyses. A detailed analysis of the suberin biosynthesis pathways identified the regulatory signaling network, highlighting the general mechanisms required for periderm formation in russet fruit skin. The regulation of aquaporins at the protein level should play an important role in the specialized functions of russet fruit skin and PM-covered plant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhi Wang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Meisong Dai
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Danying Cai
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Zebin Shi
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Selvasekaran P, Chidambaram R. Agriculturally Important Fungi for Crop Protection. Fungal Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48474-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
12
|
Kumar S, Tripathi D, Okubara PA, Tanaka K. Purinoceptor P2K1/DORN1 Enhances Plant Resistance Against a Soilborne Fungal Pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:572920. [PMID: 33101341 PMCID: PMC7545828 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.572920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The purinoceptor P2K1/DORN1 recognizes extracellular ATP, a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) released upon cellular disruption by wounding and necrosis, which in turn, boost plant innate immunity. P2K1 is known to confer plant resistance to foliar biotrophic, hemi-biotrophic, and necrotrophic pathogens. However, until now, no information was available on its function in defense against root pathogens. In this report, we describe the contribution of P2K1 to resistance in Arabidopsis against Rhizoctonia solani, a broad host range, necrotrophic soilborne fungal pathogen. In pot assays, the Arabidopsis P2K1 overexpression line OxP2K1 showed longer root length and a greater rosette surface area than wild type in the presence of the pathogen. In contrast, the knockout mutant dorn1-3 and the double mutant rbohd/f, defective in two subunits of the respiratory burst complex NADPH oxidase, exhibited significant reductions in shoot and root lengths and rosette surface area compared to wild type when the pathogen was present. Expression of PR1, PDF1.2, and JAZ5 in the roots was reduced in dorn1-3 and rbohd/f and elevated in OxP2K1 relative to wild type, indicating that the salicylate and jasmonate defense signaling pathways functioned in resistance. These results indicated that a DAMP-mediated defense system confers basal resistance against an important root necrotrophic fungal pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonika Kumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Diwaker Tripathi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Patricia A. Okubara
- Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Kiwamu Tanaka
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Kiwamu Tanaka,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
del Barrio-Duque A, Ley J, Samad A, Antonielli L, Sessitsch A, Compant S. Beneficial Endophytic Bacteria- Serendipita indica Interaction for Crop Enhancement and Resistance to Phytopathogens. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2888. [PMID: 31921065 PMCID: PMC6930893 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Serendipita (=Piriformospora) indica is a fungal endophytic symbiont with the capabilities to enhance plant growth and confer resistance to different stresses. However, the application of this fungus in the field has led to inconsistent results, perhaps due to antagonism with other microbes. Here, we studied the impact of individual bacterial isolates from the endophytic bacterial community on the in vitro growth of S. indica. We further analyzed how combinations of bacteria and S. indica influence plant growth and protection against the phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. Bacterial strains of the genera Bacillus, Enterobacter and Burkholderia negatively affected S. indica growth on plates, whereas Mycolicibacterium, Rhizobium, Paenibacillus strains and several other bacteria from different taxa stimulated fungal growth. To further explore the potential of bacteria positively interacting with S. indica, four of the most promising strains belonging to the genus Mycolicibacterium were selected for further experiments. Some dual inoculations of S. indica and Mycolicibacterium strains boosted the beneficial effects triggered by S. indica, further enhancing the growth of tomato plants, and alleviating the symptoms caused by the phytopathogens F. oxysporum and R. solani. However, some combinations of S. indica and bacteria were less effective than individual inoculations. By analyzing the genomes of the Mycolicibacterium strains, we revealed that these bacteria encode several genes predicted to be involved in the stimulation of S. indica growth, plant development and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Particularly, a high number of genes related to vitamin and nitrogen metabolism were detected. Taking into consideration multiple interactions on and inside plants, we showed in this study that some bacterial strains may induce beneficial effects on S. indica and could have an outstanding influence on the plant-fungus symbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Stéphane Compant
- Bioresources Unit, Center for Health and Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Tulln, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu H, Senthilkumar R, Ma G, Zou Q, Zhu K, Shen X, Tian D, Hua MS, Oelmüller R, Yeh KW. Piriformospora indica-induced phytohormone changes and root colonization strategies are highly host-specific. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1632688. [PMID: 31230564 PMCID: PMC6768275 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1632688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Piriformospora indica, an endophytic fungus of Sebacinales, has a wide host range and promotes the performance of mono- and eudicot plants. Here, we compare the interaction of P. indica with the roots of seven host plants (Anthurium andraeanum, Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica campestris, Lycopersicon esculentum, Oncidium orchid, Oryza sativa, and Zea mays). Microscopical analyses showed that the colonization time and the mode of hyphal invasion into the roots differ in the symbiotic interactions. Substantial differences between the species were also observed for the levels and accumulation of jasmonate (JA) and gibberellin (GA) and the transcript levels for genes involved in their syntheses. No obvious correlation could be detected between the endogenous JA and/or GA levels and the time point of root colonization in a given plant species. Our results suggest that root colonization strategies and changes in the two phytohormone levels are highly host-specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huichun Liu
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rajendran Senthilkumar
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Academia Sinica-Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Guangying Ma
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingcheng Zou
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyuan Zhu
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Shen
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danqing Tian
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Moda Sang Hua
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias-Schleiden Institute, Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Kai Wun Yeh
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pei Y, Li X, Zhu Y, Ge X, Sun Y, Liu N, Jia Y, Li F, Hou Y. GhABP19, a Novel Germin-Like Protein From Gossypium hirsutum, Plays an Important Role in the Regulation of Resistance to Verticillium and Fusarium Wilt Pathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:583. [PMID: 31134119 PMCID: PMC6517559 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are water-soluble plant glycoproteins belonging to the cupin superfamily. The important role of GLPs in plant responses against various abiotic and biotic stresses, especially pathogens, is well validated. However, little is known about cotton GLPs in relation to fungal pathogens. Here, a novel GLP gene was isolated from Gossypium hirsutum and designated as GhABP19. The expression of GhABP19 was upregulated in cotton plants inoculated with Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum and in response to treatment with jasmonic acid (JA) but was suppressed in response to salicylic acid treatment. A relatively small transient increase in GhABP19 was seen in H2O2 treated samples. The three-dimensional structure prediction of the GhABP19 protein indicated that the protein has three histidine and one glutamate residues responsible for metal ion binding and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Purified recombinant GhABP19 exhibits SOD activity and could inhibit growth of V. dahliae, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, and Valsa mali in vitro. To further verify the role of GhABP19 in fungal resistance, GhABP19-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants and GhABP19-silenced cotton plants were developed. GhABP19-transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed much stronger resistance to V. dahliae and F. oxysporum infection than control (empty vector) plants did. On the contrary, silencing of GhABP19 in cotton conferred enhanced susceptibility to fungal pathogens, which resulted in necrosis and wilt on leaves and vascular discoloration in GhABP19-silenced cotton plants. The H2O2 content and endogenous SOD activity were affected by GhABP19 expression levels in Arabidopsis and cotton plants after inoculation with V. dahliae and F. oxysporum, respectively. Furthermore, GhABP19 overexpression or silencing resulted in activation or suppression of JA-mediated signaling, respectively. Thus, GhABP19 plays important roles in the regulation of resistance to verticillium and fusarium wilt in plants. These modulatory roles were exerted by its SOD activity and ability to activate the JA pathway. All results suggest that GhABP19 was involved in plant disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Pei
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiancai Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yutao Zhu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Butnariu M, Butu A. Plant Nanobionics: Application of Nanobiosensors in Plant Biology. PLANT NANOBIONICS 2019. [PMCID: PMC7123577 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-16379-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanobiosensors (NBSs) are a class of chemical sensors which are sensitive to a physical or chemical stimulus (heat, acidity, metabolism transformations) that conveys information about vital processes. NBSs detect physiological signals and convert them into standardized signals, often electrical, to be quantified from analog to digital. NBSs are classified according to the transducer element (electrochemical, piezoelectric, optical, and thermal) in accordance with biorecognition principle (enzyme recognition, affinity immunoassay, whole sensors, DNA). NBSs have varied forms, depending on the degree of interpretation of natural processes in plants. Plant nanobionics uses mathematical models based on qualitative and less quantitative records. NBSs can give information about endogenous concentrations or endogenous fluxes of signaling molecules (phytohormones). The properties of NBSs are temporal and spatial resolution, the ability of being used without significantly interfering with the system. NBSs with the best properties are the optically genetically coded NBSs, but each NBS needs specific development efforts. NBS technologies using antibodies as a recognition domain are generic and tend to be more invasive, and there are examples of their use in plant nanobionics. Through opportunities that develop along with technologies, we hope that more and more NBSs will become available for plant nanobionics. The main advantages of NBSs are short analysis time, low-cost tests and portability, real-time measurements, and remote control.
Collapse
|
17
|
Differential gene expression in two grapevine cultivars recovered from "flavescence dorée". Microbiol Res 2018; 220:72-82. [PMID: 30744821 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The biological bases of recovery of two grapevine cultivars, Nebbiolo and Barbera, showing different susceptibility and recovery ability to "flavescence dorée" (FD) phytoplasma infection were investigated. The expression over one vegetative season, in FD-recovered and healthy grapevines, of 18 genes involved in defence, hydrogen peroxide and hormone production was verified at two time points. Difference (Δ) between the relative expressions of August and July were calculated for each target gene of both cultivars. The significance of differences among groups assessed by univariate and multivariate statistical methods, and sPLS-DA analyses of the Δ gene expression values, showed that control and recovered grapevines of both cultivars were clearly separated. The Barbera-specific deregulation of defence genes supports a stronger response of this variety, within a general frame of interactions among H2O2, jasmonate and ethylene metabolisms, common to both varieties. This may strengthen the hypothesis that FD-recovered Barbera grapevines modulate transcription of their genes to cope with potential damages associated to the alteration of their oxidative status. Nebbiolo variety would fit into this picture, although with a less intense response, in line with its lower degree of susceptibility and recovery incidence to FD, compared to Barbera. The results evidenced a scenario where plant response to phytoplasma infection is highly affected by climatic and edaphic conditions. Nevertheless, even after several years from the original FD infection, it was still possible to distinguish, at molecular level, control and recovered grapevines of both cultivars by analyzing their overall-season response, rather than that of a single time point.
Collapse
|
18
|
Meng Q, Gupta R, Min CW, Kim J, Kramer K, Wang Y, Park SR, Finkemeier I, Kim ST. A proteomic insight into the MSP1 and flg22 induced signaling in Oryza sativa leaves. J Proteomics 2018; 196:120-130. [PMID: 29970347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported a novel Magnaporthe oryzae- secreted protein MSP1, which triggers cell death and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immune (PTI) responses in rice. To investigate the MSP1 induced defense response in rice at the protein level, we employed a label-free quantitative proteomic approach, in parallel with flg22 treatment, which is a well-known elicitor. Exogenous application of MSP1 to rice leaves induced an oxidative burst, MAPK3/6 activation, and activation of pathogenesis-related genes (DUF26, PBZ, and PR-10). MaxQuant based label free proteome analysis led to the identification of 4167 protein groups of which 433 showed significant differences in response to MSP1 and/or flg22 treatment. Functional annotation of the differential proteins showed that majority of the proteins related to primary, secondary, and lipid metabolism were decreased, while proteins associated mainly with the stress response, post-translational modification and signaling were increased in abundance. Moreover, several peroxidases and receptor kinases were induced by both the elicitors, highlighting their involvement in MSP1 and flg22 induced signaling in rice. Taken together, the results reported here contribute to our understanding of MSP1 and flg22 triggered immune responses at the proteome level, thereby increasing our overall understanding of PTI signaling in rice. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: MSP1 is a M. oryzae secreted protein, which triggers defense responses in rice. Previous reports have shown that MSP1 is required for the pathogenicity of rice blast fungus, however, the exact mechanism of its action and its downstream targets in rice are currently unknown. Identification of the downstream targets is required in order to understand the MSP1 induced signaling in rice. Moreover, key proteins identified could also serve as potential candidates for the generation of disease resistance crops by modulating stress signaling pathways. Therefore, here we employed, for the first time, a label-free quantitative proteomic approach to investigate the MSP1 induced signaling in rice together with flg22. Functional annotation of the differential proteins showed that majority of the proteins related to primary, secondary, and lipid metabolism were decreased, while proteins related to the defense response, signaling and ROS detoxification were majorly increased. Thus, as an elicitor, recombinant MSP1 proteins could be utilized to inducing broad pathogen resistance in crops by priming the local immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Meng
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Energy Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, South Korea
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Energy Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, South Korea.
| | - Chul Woo Min
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Energy Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, South Korea
| | - Jongyun Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Katharina Kramer
- Plant Proteomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Germany
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sang-Ryeol Park
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, South Korea
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Plant Proteomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Germany; Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Energy Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang Y, Wang X, Chang X, Sun M, Zhang Y, Li W, Li Y. Overexpression of germin-like protein GmGLP10 enhances resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in transgenic tobacco. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:160-166. [PMID: 29428735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are ubiquitous water-soluble glycoproteins that are located in the extracellular matrix. These proteins have been reported to play vital roles in diverse biological processes. In the present study, a GLP in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), GmGLP10, was characterized. Sequence analysis revealed that the GmGLP10 gene (GenBank Accession Number EU916258) encodes a 213-amino acid (aa) protein, which contains a N-terminal signal peptide at 1-22 aa and is highly homologous to the members of the GER2 subfamily. GmGLP10 was highly expressed in the leaves, but very faint in the roots. The expression of GmGLP10 was induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid (SA), oxalate acid (OA), and the infection of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Overexpression of GmGLP10 in transgenic tobacco significantly enhanced tolerance to OA and S. sclerotiorum infection. Moreover, higher levels of H2O2 and the upregulated expression of a set of plant defense-related genes and HR (hypersensitive response)-associated genes were detected in the transgenic plants. These results suggest that GmGLP10 functions as a positive regulator of resistance to S. sclerotiorum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Northeastern Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetics & Breeding in Chinese Ministry of Agriculture), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Northeastern Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetics & Breeding in Chinese Ministry of Agriculture), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xingchao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Northeastern Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetics & Breeding in Chinese Ministry of Agriculture), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Northeastern Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetics & Breeding in Chinese Ministry of Agriculture), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanzheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Northeastern Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetics & Breeding in Chinese Ministry of Agriculture), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Northeastern Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetics & Breeding in Chinese Ministry of Agriculture), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry (Northeastern Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetics & Breeding in Chinese Ministry of Agriculture), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vangelisti A, Natali L, Bernardi R, Sbrana C, Turrini A, Hassani-Pak K, Hughes D, Cavallini A, Giovannetti M, Giordani T. Transcriptome changes induced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) roots. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4. [PMID: 29311719 PMCID: PMC5758643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are essential elements of soil fertility, plant nutrition and productivity, facilitating soil mineral nutrient uptake. Helianthus annuus is a non-model, widely cultivated species. Here we used an RNA-seq approach for evaluating gene expression variation at early and late stages of mycorrhizal establishment in sunflower roots colonized by the arbuscular fungus Rhizoglomus irregulare. mRNA was isolated from roots of plantlets at 4 and 16 days after inoculation with the fungus. cDNA libraries were built and sequenced with Illumina technology. Differential expression analysis was performed between control and inoculated plants. Overall 726 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between inoculated and control plants were retrieved. The number of up-regulated DEGs greatly exceeded the number of down-regulated DEGs and this difference increased in later stages of colonization. Several DEGs were specifically involved in known mycorrhizal processes, such as membrane transport, cell wall shaping, and other. We also found previously unidentified mycorrhizal-induced transcripts. The most important DEGs were carefully described in order to hypothesize their roles in AM symbiosis. Our data add a valuable contribution for deciphering biological processes related to beneficial fungi and plant symbiosis, adding an Asteraceae, non-model species for future comparative functional genomics studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vangelisti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Natali
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Bernardi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristiana Sbrana
- CNR, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology UOS Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Turrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - David Hughes
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Andrea Cavallini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuela Giovannetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giordani
- Department of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shah SH, Noureen A, Deeba F, Sultana T, Dukowic-Schulze S, Chen C, Naqvi SMS. Transgenic Analysis Reveals 5' Abbreviated OsRGLP2 Promoter(s) as Responsive to Abiotic Stresses. Mol Biotechnol 2017; 59:459-468. [PMID: 28801881 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-017-0031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Germins and germin-like proteins are ubiquitous, expressed at various developmental stages and in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, to functionally validate the OsRGLP2 promoter, 5' deletion analysis of the promoter sequences was performed and the deletion fragments fused with the β-glucuronidase (GUS) and green fluorescent protein reporter genes were used for transient expression in tobacco as well as for generating stable transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Very high level of GUS activity was observed in agroinfiltrated tobacco leaves by the construct carrying the P-1063 and P-565 when subjected to abiotic stresses. Histochemical analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants revealed expression of reporter gene in root, leaf and stem sections of plants harboring P-1063 and P-565. Real-time qPCR analysis of transiently expressed tobacco leaves and transgenic Arabidopsis plants subjected to several abiotic stresses supported histochemical data and showed that P-565 responded to all the stresses to which the full-length promoter was responsive. The data suggest that P-565 may be a good alternative to full-length promoter region that harbors the necessary cis-elements in providing stable and high level of expression in response to wound, salt and temperature stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Hussain Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat City, Pakistan
| | - Azka Noureen
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Farah Deeba
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tasawar Sultana
- Department of Biochemistry, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | | | - Changbin Chen
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu Q, Yang J, Yan S, Zhang S, Zhao J, Wang W, Yang T, Wang X, Mao X, Dong J, Zhu X, Liu B. The germin-like protein OsGLP2-1 enhances resistance to fungal blast and bacterial blight in rice. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 92:411-423. [PMID: 27631432 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This is the first report that GLP gene (OsGLP2-1) is involved in panicle blast and bacterial blight resistance in rice. In addition to its resistance to blast and bacterial blight, OsGLP2-1 has also been reported to co-localize with a QTLs for sheath blight resistance in rice. These suggest that the disease resistance provided by OsGLP2-1 is quantitative and broad spectrum. Its good resistance to these major diseases in rice makes it to be a promising target in rice breeding. Rice (Oryza sativa) blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae and bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae are the two most destructive rice diseases worldwide. Germin-like protein (GLP) gene family is one of the important defense gene families which have been reported to be involved in disease resistance in plants. Although GLP proteins have been demonstrated to positively regulate leaf blast resistance in rice, their involvement in resistance to panicle blast and bacterial blight, has not been reported. In this study, we reported that one of the rice GLP genes, OsGLP2-1, was significantly induced by blast fungus. Overexpression of OsGLP2-1 quantitatively enhanced resistance to leaf blast, panicle blast and bacterial blight. The temporal and spatial expression analysis revealed that OsGLP2-1is highly expressed in leaves and panicles and sub-localized in the cell wall. Compared with empty vector transformed (control) plants, the OsGLP2-1 overexpressing plants exhibited higher levels of H2O2 both before and after pathogen inoculation. Moreover, OsGLP2-1 was significantly induced by jasmonic acid (JA). Overexpression of OsGLP2-1 induced three well-characterized defense-related genes which are associated in JA-dependent pathway after pathogen infection. Higher endogenous level of JA was also identified in OsGLP2-1 overexpressing plants than in control plants both before and after pathogen inoculation. Together, these results suggest that OsGLP2-1 functions as a positive regulator to modulate disease resistance. Its good quantitative resistance to the two major diseases in rice makes it to be a promising target in rice breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jianyuan Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Plant protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shijuan Yan
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shaohong Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Junliang Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Plant protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Tifeng Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xingxue Mao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jingfang Dong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Plant protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li L, Xu X, Chen C, Shen Z. Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of the Germin-Like Protein Family in Rice and Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1622. [PMID: 27669230 PMCID: PMC5085655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that germin-like proteins (GLPs) are present ubiquitously in rice and Arabidopsis. However, the understanding regarding their role in development and abiotic/biotic stress resistance remains limited. In the present study, we report genome-wide identification, characterisation, subcellular localization, enzyme activity, and expression analysis of the GLP gene family in rice and Arabidopsis to study their functions. In total, 43 and 32 GLPs in the rice and Arabidopsis genome were identified based on a systematic analysis, respectively. The GLP genes were clustered into six clades based on phylogenetic analysis, and many stress and developmental-related cis-elements were detected in promoters of GLP genes. In addition, subcellular location and superoxide dismutase (SOD) analysis demonstrated that the random selected OsGLP genes on chromosomes 8 and 4 of rice were expressed in the cell wall with SOD activity. Overall, our results showed that tandem duplication events, especially the clusters of tandem duplication genes on chromosome 8 in rice, play a major role in expansion of the GLP family and thus increase our understanding of the role of the GLP family in abiotic/biotic stress and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xihui Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Depotter JRL, Deketelaere S, Inderbitzin P, Tiedemann AV, Höfte M, Subbarao KV, Wood TA, Thomma BPHJ. Verticillium longisporum, the invisible threat to oilseed rape and other brassicaceous plant hosts. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2016; 17:1004-16. [PMID: 26663851 PMCID: PMC6638321 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The causal agents of Verticillium wilts are globally distributed pathogens that cause significant crop losses every year. Most Verticillium wilts are caused by V. dahliae, which is pathogenic on a broad range of plant hosts, whereas other pathogenic Verticillium species have more restricted host ranges. In contrast, V. longisporum appears to prefer brassicaceous plants and poses an increasing problem to oilseed rape production. TAXONOMY Kingdom Fungi; Phylum Ascomycota; Class Sordariomycetes; Subclass Hypocreomycetida; Family Plectosphaerellaceae; genus Verticillium. DISEASE SYMPTOMS Dark unilateral stripes appear on the stems of apparently healthy looking oilseed rape plants at the end of the growing season. Microsclerotia are subsequently formed in the stem cortex beneath the epidermis. GENOME Verticillium longisporum is the only non-haploid species in the Verticillium genus, as it is an amphidiploid hybrid that carries almost twice as much genetic material as the other Verticillium species as a result of interspecific hybridization. DISEASE MANAGEMENT There is no effective fungicide treatment to control Verticillium diseases, and resistance breeding is the preferred strategy for disease management. However, only a few Verticillium wilt resistance genes have been identified, and monogenic resistance against V. longisporum has not yet been found. Quantitative resistance exists mainly in the Brassica C-genome of parental cabbage lines and may be introgressed in oilseed rape breeding lines. COMMON NAME Oilseed rape colonized by V. longisporum does not develop wilting symptoms, and therefore the common name of Verticillium wilt is unsuitable for this crop. Therefore, we propose 'Verticillium stem striping' as the common name for Verticillium infections of oilseed rape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper R L Depotter
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708, PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Crops and Agronomy, National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Silke Deketelaere
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure links 653, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrik Inderbitzin
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Andreas Von Tiedemann
- Department of Crop Sciences, Plant Pathology and Crop Protection Division, Georg-August University Göttingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Monica Höfte
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure links 653, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Krishna V Subbarao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Thomas A Wood
- Department of Crops and Agronomy, National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Bart P H J Thomma
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708, PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Functional characterization of germin and germin-like protein genes in various plant species using transgenic approaches. Biotechnol Lett 2016; 38:1405-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
26
|
Gill SS, Gill R, Trivedi DK, Anjum NA, Sharma KK, Ansari MW, Ansari AA, Johri AK, Prasad R, Pereira E, Varma A, Tuteja N. Piriformospora indica: Potential and Significance in Plant Stress Tolerance. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:332. [PMID: 27047458 PMCID: PMC4801890 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to its exceptional ability to efficiently promote plant growth, protection and stress tolerance, a mycorrhiza like endophytic Agaricomycetes fungus Piriformospora indica has received a great attention over the last few decades. P. indica is an axenically cultiviable fungus which exhibits its versatility for colonizing/hosting a broad range of plant species through directly manipulating plant hormone-signaling pathway during the course of mutualism. P. indica-root colonization leads to a better plant performance in all respect, including enhanced root proliferation by indole-3-acetic acid production which in turn results into better nutrient-acquisition and subsequently to improved crop growth and productivity. Additionally, P. indica can induce both local and systemic resistance to fungal and viral plant diseases through signal transduction. P. indica-mediated stimulation in antioxidant defense system components and expressing stress-related genes can confer crop/plant stress tolerance. Therefore, P. indica can biotize micropropagated plantlets and also help these plants to overcome transplantation shock. Nevertheless, it can also be involved in a more complex symbiotic relationship, such as tripartite symbiosis and can enhance population dynamic of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. In brief, P. indica can be utilized as a plant promoter, bio-fertilizer, bioprotector, bioregulator, and biotization agent. The outcome of the recent literature appraised herein will help us to understand the physiological and molecular bases of mechanisms underlying P. indica-crop plant mutual relationship. Together, the discussion will be functional to comprehend the usefulness of crop plant-P. indica association in both achieving new insights into crop protection/improvement as well as in sustainable agriculture production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarvajeet S Gill
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, India
| | - Ritu Gill
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, India
| | - Dipesh K Trivedi
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology New Delhi, India
| | - Naser A Anjum
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Krishna K Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, India
| | - Mohammed W Ansari
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology New Delhi, India
| | - Abid A Ansari
- Department of Biology, University of Tabuk Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atul K Johri
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Noida, India
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Noida, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Noida, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Beracochea VC, Almasia NI, Peluffo L, Nahirñak V, Hopp EH, Paniego N, Heinz RA, Vazquez-Rovere C, Lia VV. Sunflower germin-like protein HaGLP1 promotes ROS accumulation and enhances protection against fungal pathogens in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:1717-33. [PMID: 26070410 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The novel sunflower gene HaGLP1 is the first germin-like protein characterized from the family Asteraceae. It alters the host redox status and confers protection against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani. Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are a large, diverse and ubiquitous family of plant glycoproteins belonging to the Cupin super family. These proteins have been widely studied because of their diverse roles in important plant processes, including defence. The novel sunflower gene HaGLP1 encodes the first germin-like protein characterized from the family Asteraceae. To analyse whether constitutive in vivo expression of the HaGLP1 gene may lead to disease tolerance, we developed transgenic Arabidopsis plants that were molecularly characterized and biologically assessed after inoculation with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum or Rhizoctonia solani. HaGLP1 expression in Arabidopsis plants conferred tolerance to S. sclerotiorum at the first stages of disease and interfered with R. solani infection, thus giving rise to significant protection against the latter. Furthermore, HaGLP1 expression in Arabidopsis plants elevated endogenous ROS levels. HaGLP1-induced tolerance does not appear to be related to a constitutive induction of the plant defence or the ROS-related genes examined here. In conclusion, our data suggest that HaGLP1 is an interesting candidate for the engineering of plants with increased fungal tolerance and that this gene could also be useful for the selection of naturally overexpressing sunflower genotypes for conventional breeding purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V C Beracochea
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N I Almasia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Peluffo
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V Nahirñak
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E H Hopp
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (EHA1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Paniego
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R A Heinz
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (EHA1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Vazquez-Rovere
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V V Lia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)-Castelar, Dr. Nicolás Repetto y De Los Reseros S/Nº (B1686IGC) Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Provincia De Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (EHA1428), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917 (C1033AAJ), Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Versatility of germin-like proteins in their sequences, expressions, and functions. Funct Integr Genomics 2015; 15:533-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-015-0454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
29
|
Transcriptome-Wide Identification of miRNA Targets under Nitrogen Deficiency in Populus tomentosa Using Degradome Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:13937-58. [PMID: 26096002 PMCID: PMC4490532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160613937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are endogenous non-coding small RNAs with important regulatory roles in stress responses. Nitrogen (N) is an indispensable macronutrient required for plant growth and development. Previous studies have identified a variety of known and novel miRNAs responsive to low N stress in plants, including Populus. However, miRNAs involved in the cleavage of target genes and the corresponding regulatory networks in response to N stress in Populus remain largely unknown. Consequently, degradome sequencing was employed for global detection and validation of N-responsive miRNAs and their targets. A total of 60 unique miRNAs (39 conserved, 13 non-conserved, and eight novel) were experimentally identified to target 64 mRNA transcripts and 21 precursors. Among them, we further verified the cleavage of 11 N-responsive miRNAs identified previously and provided empirical evidence for the cleavage mode of these miRNAs on their target mRNAs. Furthermore, five miRNA stars (miRNA*s) were shown to have cleavage function. The specificity and diversity of cleavage sites on the targets and miRNA precursors in P. tomentosa were further detected. Identification and annotation of miRNA-mediated cleavage of target genes in Populus can increase our understanding of miRNA-mediated molecular mechanisms of woody plants adapted to low N environments.
Collapse
|
30
|
Lehmann S, Serrano M, L'Haridon F, Tjamos SE, Metraux JP. Reactive oxygen species and plant resistance to fungal pathogens. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 112:54-62. [PMID: 25264341 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been studied for their role in plant development as well as in plant immunity. ROS were consistently observed to accumulate in the plant after the perception of pathogens and microbes and over the years, ROS were postulated to be an integral part of the defence response of the plant. In this article we will focus on recent findings about ROS involved in the interaction of plants with pathogenic fungi. We will describe the ways to detect ROS, their modes of action and their importance in relation to resistance to fungal pathogens. In addition we include some results from works focussing on the fungal interactor and from studies investigating roots during pathogen attack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Lehmann
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 10 chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Mario Serrano
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 10 chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Floriane L'Haridon
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 10 chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Sotirios E Tjamos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece.
| | - Jean-Pierre Metraux
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 10 chemin du Musée, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jung HJ, Kang H. The Arabidopsis U11/U12-65K is an indispensible component of minor spliceosome and plays a crucial role in U12 intron splicing and plant development. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 78:799-810. [PMID: 24606192 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The U12-dependent introns have been identified in a wide range of eukaryotes and are removed from precursor-mRNAs by U12 intron-specific minor spliceosome. Although several proteins unique to minor spliceosome have been identified, the nature of their effect on U12 intron splicing as well as plant growth and development remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized the functional role of an U12-type spliceosomal protein, U11/U12-65K in Arabidopsis thaliana. The transgenic knockdown plants generated by artificial miRNA-mediated silencing strategy exhibited severe defect in growth and development, such as severely arrested primary inflorescence stems, serrated leaves, and the formation of many rosette leaves after bolting. RNA sequencing and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses revealed that splicing of 198 out of the 234 previously predicted U12 intron-containing genes and 32 previously unidentified U12 introns was impaired in u11/u12-65k mutant. Moreover, the U11/U12-65K mutation affected alternative splicing, as well as U12 intron splicing, of many introns. Microarray analysis revealed that the genes involved in cell wall biogenesis and function, plant development, and metabolic processes are differentially expressed in the mutant plants. U11/U12-65K protein bound specifically to U12 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), which is necessary for branch-point site recognition. Taken together, these results provide clear evidence that U11/U12-65K is an indispensible component of minor spliceosome and involved in U12 intron splicing and alternative splicing of many introns, which is crucial for plant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Jung
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mandelc S, Timperman I, Radišek S, Devreese B, Samyn B, Javornik B. Comparative proteomic profiling in compatible and incompatible interactions between hop roots and Verticillium albo-atrum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2013; 68:23-31. [PMID: 23619241 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt, caused by the soil borne fungal pathogen Verticillium albo-atrum, is a serious threat to hop (Humulus lupulus L.) production in several hop-growing regions. A proteomic approach was applied to analyse the response of root tissue in compatible and incompatible interactions between hop and V. albo-atrum at 10, 20 and 30 days after inoculation, using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with de novo sequencing of derivatized peptides. Approximately 1200 reproducible spots were detected on the gels, of which 102 were identified. In the compatible interaction, 252 spots showed infection-specific changes in spot abundance and an accumulation of defence-related proteins, such as chitinase, β-glucanase, thaumatin-like protein, peroxidase and germin-like protein, was observed. However, no significant infection-specific changes were detected in the incompatible interaction. The results indicate that resistance in this pathosystem may be conferred by constitutive rather than induced defence mechanisms. The identification and high abundance of two mannose/glucose-specific lectin isoforms present only in the roots of the resistant cultivar suggests function of lectins in hop resistance against V. albo-atrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Mandelc
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang T, Chen X, Zhu F, Li H, Li L, Yang Q, Chi X, Yu S, Liang X. Characterization of peanut germin-like proteins, AhGLPs in plant development and defense. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61722. [PMID: 23626720 PMCID: PMC3633998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Germin-like superfamily members are ubiquitously expressed in various plant species and play important roles in plant development and defense. Although several GLPs have been identified in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), their roles in development and defense remain unknown. In this research, we study the spatiotemporal expression of AhGLPs in peanut and their functions in plant defense. Results We have identified three new AhGLP members (AhGLP3b, AhGLP5b and AhGLP7b) that have distinct but very closely related DNA sequences. The spatial and temporal expression profiles revealed that each peanut GLP gene has its distinct expression pattern in various tissues and developmental stages. This suggests that these genes all have their distinct roles in peanut development. Subcellular location analysis demonstrated that AhGLP2 and 5 undergo a protein transport process after synthesis. The expression of all AhGLPs increased in responding to Aspergillus flavus infection, suggesting AhGLPs' ubiquitous roles in defense to A. flavus. Each AhGLP gene had its unique response to various abiotic stresses (including salt, H2O2 stress and wound), biotic stresses (including leaf spot, mosaic and rust) and plant hormone stimulations (including SA and ABA treatments). These results indicate that AhGLPs have their distinct roles in plant defense. Moreover, in vivo study of AhGLP transgenic Arabidopsis showed that both AhGLP2 and 3 had salt tolerance, which made transgenic Arabidopsis grow well under 100 mM NaCl stress. Conclusions For the first time, our study analyzes the AhGLP gene expression profiles in peanut and reveals their roles under various stresses. These results provide an insight into the developmental and defensive roles of GLP gene family in peanut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanghe Zhu
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifen Li
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingli Yang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chi
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanlin Yu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanqiang Liang
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Foley RC, Gleason CA, Anderson JP, Hamann T, Singh KB. Genetic and genomic analysis of Rhizoctonia solani interactions with Arabidopsis; evidence of resistance mediated through NADPH oxidases. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56814. [PMID: 23451091 PMCID: PMC3581538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is an important soil-borne necrotrophic fungal pathogen, with a broad host range and little effective resistance in crop plants. Arabidopsis is resistant to R. solani AG8 but susceptible to R. solani AG2-1. A screen of 36 Arabidopsis ecotypes and mutants affected in the auxin, camalexin, salicylic acid, abscisic acid and ethylene/jasmonic acid pathways did not reveal any variation in response to R. solani and demonstrated that resistance to AG8 was independent of these defense pathways. The Arabidopsis Affymetrix ATH1 Genome array was used to assess global gene expression changes in plants infected with AG8 and AG2-1 at seven days post-infection. While there was considerable overlap in the response, some gene families were differentially affected by AG8 or AG2-1 and included those involved in oxidative stress, cell wall associated proteins, transcription factors and heat shock protein genes. Since a substantial proportion of the gene expression changes were associated with oxidative stress responses, we analysed the role of NADPH oxidases in resistance. While single NADPH oxidase mutants had no effect, a NADPH oxidase double mutant atrbohf atrbohd resulted in an almost complete loss of resistance to AG8, suggesting that reactive oxidative species play an important role in Arabidopsis's resistance to R. solani.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda C. Foley
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cynthia A. Gleason
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan P. Anderson
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- The University of Western Australia Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thorsten Hamann
- Division of Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karam B. Singh
- CSIRO Plant Industry, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- The University of Western Australia Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Patnaik BB, Kim DH, Oh SH, Song YS, Chanh NDM, Kim JS, Jung WJ, Saha AK, Bindroo BB, Han YS. Molecular cloning and characterization of novel Morus alba germin-like protein gene which encodes for a silkworm gut digestion-resistant antimicrobial protein. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50900. [PMID: 23284650 PMCID: PMC3526618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silkworm fecal matter is considered one of the richest sources of antimicrobial and antiviral protein (substances) and such economically feasible and eco-friendly proteins acting as secondary metabolites from the insect system can be explored for their practical utility in conferring broad spectrum disease resistance against pathogenic microbial specimens. Methodology/Principal Findings Silkworm fecal matter extracts prepared in 0.02 M phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4), at a temperature of 60°C was subjected to 40% saturated ammonium sulphate precipitation and purified by gel-filtration chromatography (GFC). SDS-PAGE under denaturing conditions showed a single band at about 21.5 kDa. The peak fraction, thus obtained by GFC wastested for homogeneityusing C18reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The activity of the purified protein was tested against selected Gram +/− bacteria and phytopathogenic Fusarium species with concentration-dependent inhibitionrelationship. The purified bioactive protein was subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and N-terminal sequencing by Edman degradation towards its identification. The N-terminal first 18 amino acid sequence following the predicted signal peptide showed homology to plant germin-like proteins (Glp). In order to characterize the full-length gene sequence in detail, the partial cDNA was cloned and sequenced using degenerate primers, followed by 5′- and 3′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE-PCR). The full-length cDNA sequence composed of 630 bp encoding 209 amino acids and corresponded to germin-like proteins (Glps) involved in plant development and defense. Conclusions/Significance The study reports, characterization of novel Glpbelonging to subfamily 3 from M. alba by the purification of mature active protein from silkworm fecal matter. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified protein was found similar to the deduced amino acid sequence (without the transit peptide sequence) of the full length cDNA from M. alba.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- * E-mail: (BBP); (YSH)
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seung Han Oh
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yong-Su Song
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Dang Minh Chanh
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sun Kim
- Institute of Insect and Sericultural Research, Jeonnam Agricultural Research and Extension Service, Jangseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-jin Jung
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Atul Kumar Saha
- Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board (Govt. of India), Berhampore, West Bengal, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan Bindroo
- Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board (Govt. of India), Berhampore, West Bengal, India
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- * E-mail: (BBP); (YSH)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Iven T, König S, Singh S, Braus-Stromeyer SA, Bischoff M, Tietze LF, Braus GH, Lipka V, Feussner I, Dröge-Laser W. Transcriptional activation and production of tryptophan-derived secondary metabolites in arabidopsis roots contributes to the defense against the fungal vascular pathogen Verticillium longisporum. MOLECULAR PLANT 2012; 5:1389-402. [PMID: 22522512 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sss044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum causes vascular disease on Brassicaceae host plants such as oilseed rape. The fungus colonizes the root xylem and moves upwards to the foliage where disease symptoms become visible. Using Arabidopsis as a model for early gene induction, we performed root transcriptome analyses in response to hyphal growth immediately after spore germination and during penetration of the root cortex, respectively. Infected roots showed a rapid reprogramming of gene expression such as activation of transcription factors, stress-, and defense-related genes. Here, we focused on the highly coordinated gene induction resulting in the production of tryptophan-derived secondary metabolites. Previous studies in leaves showed that enzymes encoded by CYP81F2 and PEN2 (PENETRATION2) execute the formation of antifungal indole glucosinolate (IGS) metabolites. In Verticillium-infected roots, we found transcriptional activation of CYP81F2 and the PEN2 homolog PEL1 (PEN2-LIKE1), but no increase in antifungal IGS breakdown products. In contrast, indole-3-carboxylic acid (I3CA) and the phytoalexin camalexin accumulated in infected roots but only camalexin inhibited Verticillium growth in vitro. Whereas genetic disruption of the individual metabolic pathways leading to either camalexin or CYP81F2-dependent IGS metabolites did not alter Verticillium-induced disease symptoms, a cyp79b2 cyp79b3 mutant impaired in both branches resulted in significantly enhanced susceptibility. Hence, our data provide an insight into root-specific early defenses and suggest tryptophan-derived metabolites as active antifungal compounds against a vascular pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Iven
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Institut, Pharmazeutische Biologie, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rietz S, Bernsdorff FE, Cai D. Members of the germin-like protein family in Brassica napus are candidates for the initiation of an oxidative burst that impedes pathogenesis of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:5507-19. [PMID: 22888126 PMCID: PMC3444267 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are defined by their sequence homology to germins from barley and are present ubiquitously in plants. Analyses of corresponding genes have revealed diverse functions of GLPs in plant development and biotic and abiotic stresses. This study describes the identification of a family of 14 germin-like genes from Brassica napus (BnGLP) designated BnGLP1-BnGLP14 and investigated potential functions of BnGLPs in plant defense against the necrotrophic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses classify the 14 BnGLPs into four groups, which were clearly distinguished from known germin oxalic acid oxidases. Transcriptional responses of the BnGLP genes to S. sclerotiorum infection was determined by comparing cultivars of susceptible B. napus 'Falcon' and partially resistant B. napus 'Zhongshuang 9'. Of the 14 BnGLP genes tested, BnGLP3 was transcriptionally upregulated in both B. napus cultivars at 6h after S. sclerotiorum infection, while upregulation of BnGLP12 was restricted to resistant B. napus 'Zhongshuang 9'. Biochemical analysis of five representative BnGLP members identified a H(2)O(2)-generating superoxide dismutase activity only for higher molecular weight complexes of BnGLP3 and BnGLP12. By analogy, H(2)O(2) formation at infected leaf sites increased after 6h, with even higher H(2)O(2) production in B. napus 'Zhongshuang 9' compared with B. napus 'Falcon'. Conversely, exogenous application of H(2)O(2) significantly reduced the susceptibility of B. napus 'Falcon'. These data suggest that early induction of BnGLP3 and BnGLP12 participates in an oxidative burst that may play a pivotal role in defence of B. napus against S. sclerotiorum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Rietz
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität of KielGermany, Hermann, Rodewald Str. 9 D-24118 KielGermany
| | - Friederike E.M. Bernsdorff
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität of KielGermany, Hermann, Rodewald Str. 9 D-24118 KielGermany
| | - Daguang Cai
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität of KielGermany, Hermann, Rodewald Str. 9 D-24118 KielGermany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Singh S, Braus-Stromeyer SA, Timpner C, Valerius O, von Tiedemann A, Karlovsky P, Druebert C, Polle A, Braus GH. The plant host Brassica napus induces in the pathogen Verticillium longisporum the expression of functional catalase peroxidase which is required for the late phase of disease. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2012; 25:569-81. [PMID: 22112218 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-11-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The devastating soilborne fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum is host specific to members of the family Brassicaceae, including oilseed rape (Brassica napus) as the economically most important crop. The fungus infects through the roots and causes stunting and early senescence of susceptible host plants and a marked decrease in crop yield. We show here that V. longisporum reacts to the presence of B. napus xylem sap with the production of six distinct upregulated and eight downregulated proteins visualized by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Identification of 10 proteins by mass spectrometry revealed that all upregulated proteins are involved in oxidative stress response. The V. longisporum catalase peroxidase (VlCPEA) was the most upregulated protein and is encoded by two isogenes, VlcpeA-1 and VlcpeA-2. Both genes are 98% identical, corroborating the diploid or "amphihaploid" status of the fungus. Knock downs of both VlcpeA genes reduced protein expression by 80% and resulted in sensitivity against reactive oxygen species. Whereas saprophytic growth and the initial phase of the plant infection were phenotypically unaffected, the mutants were not able to perform the late phases of disease. We propose that the catalase peroxidase plays a role in protecting the fungus from the oxidative stress generated by the host plant at an advanced phase of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Singh
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Georg-August Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Floerl S, Majcherczyk A, Possienke M, Feussner K, Tappe H, Gatz C, Feussner I, Kües U, Polle A. Verticillium longisporum infection affects the leaf apoplastic proteome, metabolome, and cell wall properties in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31435. [PMID: 22363647 PMCID: PMC3282744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Verticillium longisporum (VL) is one of the most devastating diseases in important oil crops from the family of Brassicaceae. The fungus resides for much time of its life cycle in the extracellular fluid of the vascular system, where it cannot be controlled by conventional fungicides. To obtain insights into the biology of VL-plant interaction in the apoplast, the secretome consisting of the extracellular proteome and metabolome as well as cell wall properties were studied in the model Brassicaceae, Arabidopsis thaliana. VL infection resulted in increased production of cell wall material with an altered composition of carbohydrate polymers and increased lignification. The abundance of several hundred soluble metabolites changed in the apoplast of VL-infected plants including signalling and defence compounds such as glycosides of salicylic acid, lignans and dihydroxybenzoic acid as well as oxylipins. The extracellular proteome of healthy leaves was enriched in antifungal proteins. VL caused specific increases in six apoplast proteins (three peroxidases PRX52, PRX34, P37, serine carboxypeptidase SCPL20, α-galactosidase AGAL2 and a germin-like protein GLP3), which have functions in defence and cell wall modification. The abundance of a lectin-like, chitin-inducible protein (CILLP) was reduced. Since the transcript levels of most of the induced proteins were not elevated until late infection time points (>20 dpi), whereas those of CILLP and GLP3 were reduced at earlier time points, our results may suggest that VL enhances its virulence by rapid down-regulation and delay of induction of plant defence genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Floerl
- Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Büsgen-Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrzej Majcherczyk
- Department of Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Büsgen-Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mareike Possienke
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht von Haller Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kirstin Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht von Haller Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hella Tappe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Plants, Albrecht von Haller Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christiane Gatz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Plants, Albrecht von Haller Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht von Haller Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ursula Kües
- Department of Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Büsgen-Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Büsgen-Institute, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dias CV, Mendes JS, dos Santos AC, Pirovani CP, da Silva Gesteira A, Micheli F, Gramacho KP, Hammerstone J, Mazzafera P, de Mattos Cascardo JC. Hydrogen peroxide formation in cacao tissues infected by the hemibiotrophic fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2011; 49:917-922. [PMID: 21641227 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In plant-pathogen interaction, the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) may play a dual role: its accumulation inhibits the growth of biotrophic pathogens, while it could help the infection/colonization process of plant by necrotrophic pathogens. One of the possible pathways of H₂O production involves oxalic acid (Oxa) degradation by apoplastic oxalate oxidase. Here, we analyzed the production of H₂O₂, the presence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals and the content of Oxa and ascorbic acid (Asa)--the main precursor of Oxa in plants--in susceptible and resistant cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) infected by the hemibiotrophic fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. We also quantified the transcript level of ascorbate peroxidase (Apx), germin-like oxalate oxidase (Glp) and dehydroascorbate reductase (Dhar) by RT-qPCR. We report that the CaOx crystal amount and the H₂O₂ levels in the two varieties present distinct temporal and genotype-dependent patterns. Susceptible variety accumulated more CaOx crystals than the resistant one, and the dissolution of these crystals occurred in the early infection steps and in the final stage of the disease in the resistant and the susceptible variety, respectively. High expression of the Glp and accumulation of Oxa were observed in the resistant variety. The content of Asa increased in the inoculated susceptible variety, but remained constant in the resistant one. The susceptible variety presented reduced Dhar expression. The role of H₂O₂ and its formation from Oxa via Apx and Glp in resistant and susceptible variety infected by M. perniciosa were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Villela Dias
- UESC, DCB, Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus-BA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Breen J, Bellgard M. Germin-like proteins (GLPs) in cereal genomes: gene clustering and dynamic roles in plant defence. Funct Integr Genomics 2010; 10:463-76. [PMID: 20683632 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-010-0184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The recent release of the genome sequences of a number of crop and model plant species has made it possible to define the genome organisation and functional characteristics of specific genes and gene families of agronomic importance. For instance, Sorghum bicolor, maize (Zea mays) and Brachypodium distachyon genome sequences along with the model grass species rice (Oryza sativa) enable the comparative analysis of genes involved in plant defence. Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are a small, functionally and taxonomically diverse class of cupin-domain containing proteins that have recently been shown to cluster in an area of rice chromosome 8. The genomic location of this gene cluster overlaps with a disease resistance QTL that provides defence against two rice fungal pathogens (Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani). Studies showing the involvement of GLPs in basal host resistance against powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis ssp.) have also been reported in barley and wheat. In this mini-review, we compare the close proximity of GLPs in publicly available cereal crop genomes and discuss the contribution that these proteins, and their genome sequence organisation, play in plant defence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Breen
- Institute for Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|