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Zhao X, Fan C, Qie T, Fu X, Chen X, Wang Y, Wu Y, Fu X, Shi K, Yan W, Yu H. Diaph1 knockout inhibits mouse primordial germ cell proliferation and affects gonadal development. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:82. [PMID: 39010074 PMCID: PMC11247884 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exploring the molecular mechanisms of primordial germ cell (PGC) migration and the involvement of gonadal somatic cells in gonad development is valuable for comprehending the origins and potential treatments of reproductive-related diseases. METHODS Diaphanous related formin 1 (Diaph1, also known as mDia1) was screened by analyzing publicly available datasets (ATAC-seq, DNase-seq, and RNA-seq). Subsequently, the CRISPR-Cas9 technology was used to construct Diaph1 knockout mice to investigate the role of Diaph1 in gonad development. RESULTS Based on data from public databases, a differentially expressed gene Diaph1, was identified in the migration of mouse PGC. Additionally, the number of PGCs was significantly reduced in Diaph1 knockout mice compared to wild type mice, and the expression levels of genes related to proliferation (Dicer1, Mcm9), adhesion (E-cadherin, Cdh1), and migration (Cxcr4, Hmgcr, Dazl) were significantly decreased. Diaph1 knockout also inhibited Leydig cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in the testis, as well as granulosa cell apoptosis in the ovary. Moreover, the sperm count in the epididymal region and the count of ovarian follicles were significantly reduced in Diaph1 knockout mice, resulting in decreased fertility, concomitant with lowered levels of serum testosterone and estradiol. Further research found that in Diaph1 knockout mice, the key enzymes involved in testosterone synthesis (CYP11A1, 3β-HSD) were decreased in Leydig cells, and the estradiol-associated factor (FSH receptor, AMH) in granulosa cells were also downregulated. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings indicate that the knockout of Diaph1 can disrupt the expression of factors that regulate sex hormone production, leading to impaired secretion of sex hormones, ultimately resulting in damage to reproductive function. These results provide a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms underlying PGC migration and gonadal development, and offer valuable insights for further research on the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chunbiao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Tongtong Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xinrui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xinyao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Kesong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenlong Yan
- School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512005, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Haiquan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010020, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Liang W, He Y, Zhu T, Zhang B, Liu S, Guo H, Liu P, Liu H, Li D, Kang X, Li W, Sun G. Dietary restriction promote sperm remodeling in aged roosters based on transcriptome analysis. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:680. [PMID: 38978040 PMCID: PMC11232191 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The breeder rooster has played a pivotal role in poultry production by providing high-quality semen. Typically, fertility peaks between 30 and 40 weeks of age and then declines rapidly from 45 to 55 weeks of age. Research into improving fertility in aging roosters is essential to extend their productive life. While progress has been made, enhancing fertility in aging roosters remains a significant challenge. METHODS To identify the genes related to promoting sperm remodeling in aged Houdan roosters, we combined changes in testis and semen quality with transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze the synchrony of semen quality and testis development. In this study, 350-day-old Houdan breeder roosters were selected for RNA-seq analysis in testis tissues from induced molting roosters (D group) and non-induced molting roosters (47DG group). All analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional enrichment were performed. Finally, we selected six DEGs to verify the accuracy of the sequencing by qPCR. RESULTS Compared with the 47DG group, sperm motility (P < 0.05), sperm density (P < 0.01), and testis weight (P < 0.05) were significantly increased in roosters in the D group. Further RNA-seq analysis of the testis between the D group and 47DG group identified 61 DEGs, with 21 up-regulated and 40 down-regulated. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were primarily enriched in the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Wnt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, and focal adhesion pathway. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression trend of these genes was consistent with the sequencing results. WNT5A, FGFR3, AGTR2, TGFβ2, ROMO1, and SLC26A7 may play a role in testis development and spermatogenesis. This study provides fundamental data to enhance the reproductive value of aging roosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yuehua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Tingqi Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Shuangxing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Haishan Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Pingquan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Huayuan Liu
- Henan Fengyuan Poultry Co., Ltd, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Donghua Li
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Wenting Li
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China.
| | - Guirong Sun
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Ping'an Avenue 218#, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China.
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Barton LJ, Roa-de la Cruz L, Lehmann R, Lin B. The journey of a generation: advances and promises in the study of primordial germ cell migration. Development 2024; 151:dev201102. [PMID: 38607588 PMCID: PMC11165723 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The germline provides the genetic and non-genetic information that passes from one generation to the next. Given this important role in species propagation, egg and sperm precursors, called primordial germ cells (PGCs), are one of the first cell types specified during embryogenesis. In fact, PGCs form well before the bipotential somatic gonad is specified. This common feature of germline development necessitates that PGCs migrate through many tissues to reach the somatic gonad. During their journey, PGCs must respond to select environmental cues while ignoring others in a dynamically developing embryo. The complex multi-tissue, combinatorial nature of PGC migration is an excellent model for understanding how cells navigate complex environments in vivo. Here, we discuss recent findings on the migratory path, the somatic cells that shepherd PGCs, the guidance cues somatic cells provide, and the PGC response to these cues to reach the gonad and establish the germline pool for future generations. We end by discussing the fate of wayward PGCs that fail to reach the gonad in diverse species. Collectively, this field is poised to yield important insights into emerging reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacy J. Barton
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Lorena Roa-de la Cruz
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Ruth Lehmann
- Whitehead Institute and Department of Biology, MIT, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Benjamin Lin
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
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Fu Y, Zhang X, Wu H, Zhang P, Liu S, Guo T, Shan H, Liang Y, Chen H, Xie J, Duan Y. HOXA3 functions as the on-off switch to regulate the development of hESC-derived third pharyngeal pouch endoderm through EPHB2-mediated Wnt pathway. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1258074. [PMID: 38259452 PMCID: PMC10800530 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1258074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Normal commitment of the endoderm of the third pharyngeal pouch (3PP) is essential for the development and differentiation of the thymus. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of transcription factor HOXA3 in the development and differentiation of 3PP endoderm (3PPE) from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Methods The 3PPE was differentiated from hESC-derived definitive endoderm (DE) by mimicking developmental queues with Activin A, WNT3A, retinoic acid and BMP4. The function of 3PPE was assessed by further differentiating into functional thymic epithelial cells (TECs). The effect of HOXA3 inhibition on cells of 3PPE was subsequently investigated. Results A highly efficient approach for differentiating 3PPE cells was developed and these cells expressed 3PPE related genes HOXA3, SIX1, PAX9 as well as EpCAM. 3PPE cells had a strong potential to develop into TECs which expressed both cortical TEC markers K8 and CD205, and medullary TEC markers K5 and AIRE, and also promoted the development and maturation of T cells. More importantly, transcription factor HOXA3 not only regulated the differentiation of 3PPE, but also had a crucial role for the proliferation and migration of 3PPE cells. Our further investigation revealed that HOXA3 controlled the commitment and function of 3PPE through the regulation of Wnt signaling pathway by activating EPHB2. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that HOXA3 functioned as the on-off switch to regulate the development of hESC-derived 3PPE through EPHB2-mediated Wnt pathway, and our findings will provide new insights into studying the development of 3PP and thymic organ in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Fu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Wu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shoupei Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Shan
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghe Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyou Duan
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institute for Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliation Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- The Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang C, Tan G, Zhang Y, Zhong X, Zhao Z, Peng Y, Cheng Q, Xue K, Xu Y, Li X, Li F, Zhang Y. Comprehensive analyses of brain cell communications based on multiple scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq datasets for revealing novel mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:2775-2786. [PMID: 37269061 PMCID: PMC10493674 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Complex cellular communications between glial cells and neurons are critical for brain normal function and disorders, and single-cell level RNA-sequencing datasets display more advantages for analyzing cell communications. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically explore brain cell communications when considering factors such as sex and brain region. METHODS We extracted a total of 1,039,459 cells derived from 28 brain single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) or single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) datasets from the GEO database, including 12 human and 16 mouse datasets. These datasets were further divided into 71 new sub-datasets when considering disease, sex, and region conditions. In the meanwhile, we integrated four methods to evaluate ligand-receptor interaction score among six major brain cell types (microglia, neuron, astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, OPC, and endothelial cell). RESULTS For Alzheimer's disease (AD), disease-specific ligand-receptor pairs when compared with normal sub-datasets, such as SEMA4A-NRP1, were identified. Furthermore, we explored the sex- and region-specific cell communications and identified that WNT5A-ROR1 among microglia cells displayed close communications in male, and SPP1-ITGAV displayed close communications in the meninges region from microglia to neurons. Furthermore, based on the AD-specific cell communications, we constructed a model for AD early prediction and confirmed the predictive performance using multiple independent datasets. Finally, we developed an online platform for researchers to explore brain condition-specific cell communications. CONCLUSION This research provided a comprehensive study to explore brain cell communications, which could reveal novel biological mechanisms involved in normal brain function and neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Guiyuan Tan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Ziyan Zhao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yunyi Peng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Qian Cheng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Ke Xue
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yanjun Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Xia Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Feng Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and TechnologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
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Golkar-Narenji A, Dziegiel P, Kempisty B, Petitte J, Mozdziak PE, Bryja A. In vitro culture of reptile PGCS to preserve endangered species. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1314-1326. [PMID: 37178380 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs), are the source of gametes in vertebrates. There are similarities in the development of PGCs of reptiles with avian and mammalian species PGCs development. PGCs culture has been performed for avian and mammalian species but there is no report for reptilian PGCs culture. In vitro culture of PGCs is needed to produce transgenic animals, preservation of endangered animals and for studies on cell behaviour and research on fertility. Reptiles are traded as exotic pets and a source of food and they are valuable for their skin and they are useful as model for medical research. Transgenic reptile has been suggested to be useful for pet industry and medical research. In this research different aspects of PGCs development was compared in three main classes of vertebrates including mammalian, avian and reptilian species. It is proposed that a discussion on similarities between reptilian PGCs development with avian and mammalian species helps to find clues for studies of reptilian PGCs development details and finding an efficient protocol for in vitro culture of reptilian PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Golkar-Narenji
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland
- Graduate Physiology Program NC State University North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland
| | - James Petitte
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul Edward Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Graduate Physiology Program NC State University North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Artur Bryja
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Dolnoslaskie, Poland
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Su M, Ye L, Tang Y, Wang S, Hu Z, Li H, Wang Y, Li X, Liu Y, Ge RS. Inhibition of Resveratrol Analogs on Human and Rat 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: Structure-Activity Relationship and Docking Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7566-7574. [PMID: 37129992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol and its analogs are phytochemicals. Human 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (3β-HSD1) synthesizes steroid hormones for normal pregnancy or promoting cancer metastasis. Whether they inhibit 3β-HSD1 remains unclear. In this study, the inhibitory potency, mode of action, structure-activity relationship, and docking parameters of resveratrol and its analogs on 3β-HSD1 and rat homolog 3β-HSD4 were analyzed. The inhibitory potency of these chemicals on human 3β-HSD1 was 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene (IC50, 3.68 μM) > pinostilbene (8.07 μM) > pinosylvin (10.60 μM) > lunularin (26.84 μM) > resveratrol (30.20 μM) > dihydroresveratrol (>100 μM) = oxyresveratrol (>100 μM) > dihydropinosylvin (ineffective at 100 μM). Resveratrol analogs and metabolites are mixed or competitive inhibitors of human 3β-HSD1. Resveratrol and 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene inhibited progesterone secretion by human JAr cells at ≥1 μM. Resveratrol (IC50, 32.09 μM) and pinosylvin (34.71 μM) significantly inhibited rat placental 3β-HSD4 activity. Docking analysis shows that resveratrol analogs and metabolites bind the steroid-binding sites of human 3β-HSD1 and rat 3β-HSD4 and interact with the catalytic residues Ser125/Thr125 and Tyr155. The negative correlation of LogP and IC50 values for human 3β-HSD1 indicates that lipophilicity of chemicals plays a critical role in the inhibitory effect of chemicals. In conclusion, 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene, pinostilbene, and pinosylvin effectively inhibit human 3β-HSD1 depending on their lipophilicity, thereby acting as potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Su
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yunbing Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhiyan Hu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Konopelski Snavely SE, Srinivasan S, Dreyer CA, Tan J, Carraway KL, Ho HYH. Non-canonical WNT5A-ROR signaling: New perspectives on an ancient developmental pathway. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 153:195-227. [PMID: 36967195 PMCID: PMC11042798 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering non-canonical WNT signaling has proven to be both fascinating and challenging. Discovered almost 30 years ago, non-canonical WNT ligands signal independently of the transcriptional co-activator β-catenin to regulate a wide range of morphogenetic processes during development. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie non-canonical WNT function, however, remain nebulous. Recent results from various model systems have converged to define a core non-canonical WNT pathway consisting of the prototypic non-canonical WNT ligand, WNT5A, the receptor tyrosine kinase ROR, the seven transmembrane receptor Frizzled and the cytoplasmic scaffold protein Dishevelled. Importantly, mutations in each of these signaling components cause Robinow syndrome, a congenital disorder characterized by profound tissue morphogenetic abnormalities. Moreover, dysregulation of the pathway has also been linked to cancer metastasis. As new knowledge concerning the WNT5A-ROR pathway continues to grow, modeling these mutations will likely provide crucial insights into both the physiological regulation of the pathway and the etiology of WNT5A-ROR-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Konopelski Snavely
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Srisathya Srinivasan
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Courtney A Dreyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Jia Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Kermit L Carraway
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Hsin-Yi Henry Ho
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States.
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Odimba U, Senthilselvan A, Farrell J, Gao Z. Identification of Sex-Specific Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Asthma in Middle-Aged and Older Canadian Adults: An Analysis of CLSA Data. J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:553-566. [PMID: 37197194 PMCID: PMC10184860 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s404670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Asthma is a chronic heterogeneous respiratory disease resulting from a complex interplay between genetic variations and environmental exposures. There are sex disparities in the prevalence and severity of asthma in males and females. Asthma prevalence is higher in males during childhood but increases in females in adulthood. The mechanisms underlying these sex differences are not well understood; nevertheless, genetic variations, hormonal changes, and environmental influences are thought to play important roles. This study aimed to identify sex-specific genetic variants associated with asthma using CLSA genomic and questionnaire data. Methods First, we conducted a genome-wide SNP-by-sex interaction analysis on 23,323 individuals, examining 416,562 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after quality control, followed by sex-stratified survey logistic regression of SNPs with interaction p-value less than 10¯5. Results Out of the 49 SNPs with interaction p-value less than 10-5, a sex-stratified survey logistic regression showed that five male-specific SNPs (rs6701638, rs17071077, rs254804, rs6013213, and rs2968822) in/near KIF26B, NMBR, PEPD, RTN4, and NFATC2 loci, and three female-specific SNPs (rs2968801, rs2864052, and rs9525931) in/near RTN4, and SERP2 loci were significantly associated with asthma after Bonferroni correction. An SNP (rs36213) in the EPHB1 gene was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma in males [OR=1.35, 95% CI (1.14, 1.60)] but with a reduced risk of asthma in females [OR=0.84, 95% CI (0.76, 0.92)] after Bonferroni correction. Conclusion We discovered novel sex-specific genetic markers in/near the KIF26B, RTN4, EPHB1, NMBR, SERP2, PEPD, and NFATC2 genes that could potentially shed light on the sex differences in asthma susceptibility in males and females. Future mechanistic studies are required to understand better the underlying sex-related pathways of the identified loci in asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugochukwu Odimba
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | | | - Jamie Farrell
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Centre (Respirology Department), Memorial University, St John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Correspondence: Zhiwei Gao, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada, Tel +17098646523, Email
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10
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Roelen BAJ, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM. Stay on the road: from germ cell specification to gonadal colonization in mammals. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210259. [PMID: 36252219 PMCID: PMC9574628 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The founder cells of the gametes are primordial germ cells (PGCs). In mammals, PGCs are specified early during embryonic development, at the boundary between embryonic and extraembryonic tissue, long before their later residences, the gonads, have developed. Despite the differences in form and behaviour when differentiated into oocytes or sperm cells, in the period between specification and gonadal colonization, male and female PGCs are morphologically indistinct and largely regulated by similar mechanisms. Here, we compare different modes and mechanisms that lead to the formation of PGCs, putting in context protocols that are in place to differentiate both human and mouse pluripotent stem cells into PGC-like cells. In addition, we review important aspects of the migration of PGCs to the gonadal ridges, where they undergo further sex-specific differentiation. Defects in migration need to be effectively corrected, as misplaced PGCs can become tumorigenic. Concluding, a combination of in vivo studies and the development of adequate innovative in vitro models, ensuring both robustness and standardization, are providing us with the tools for a greater understanding of the first steps of gametogenesis and to develop disease models to study the origin of germ cell tumours. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Extraembryonic tissues: exploring concepts, definitions and functions across the animal kingdom’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard A J Roelen
- Anatomy and Physiology, Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies & Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Susana M Chuva de Sousa Lopes
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies & Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
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11
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Gao X, Shi X, Zhou S, Chen C, Hu C, Xia Q, Li X, Gao W, Ding Y, Zuo Q, Zhang Y, Li B. DNA hypomethylation activation Wnt/TCF7L2/TDRD1 pathway promotes spermatogonial stem cell formation. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3640-3650. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Xiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Shujian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Cai Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Qian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Xinlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Wen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Ying Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Bichun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
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12
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Ademi H, Djari C, Mayère C, Neirijnck Y, Sararols P, Rands CM, Stévant I, Conne B, Nef S. Deciphering the origins and fates of steroidogenic lineages in the mouse testis. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110935. [PMID: 35705036 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Leydig cells (LCs) are the major androgen-producing cells in the testis. They arise from steroidogenic progenitors (SPs), whose origins, maintenance, and differentiation dynamics remain largely unknown. Single-cell transcriptomics reveal that the mouse steroidogenic lineage is specified as early as embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) and has a dual mesonephric and coelomic origin. SPs specifically express the Wnt5a gene and evolve rapidly. At E12.5 and E13.5, they give rise first to an intermediate population of pre-LCs, and finally to fetal LCs. At E16.5, SPs possess the characteristics of the dormant progenitors at the origin of adult LCs and are also transcriptionally closely related to peritubular myoid cells (PMCs). In agreement with our in silico analysis, in vivo lineage tracing indicates that Wnt5a-expressing cells are bona fide progenitors of PMCs as well as fetal and adult LCs, contributing to most of the LCs present in the fetal and adult testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herta Ademi
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Djari
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Mayère
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasmine Neirijnck
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Sararols
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chris M Rands
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Stévant
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Béatrice Conne
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Serge Nef
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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13
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YAP-dependent Wnt5a induction in hypertrophic adipocytes restrains adiposity. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:407. [PMID: 35478181 PMCID: PMC9046197 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Wnt5a, a prototypic non-canonical Wnt, is an inflammatory factor elevated in the sera of obese humans and mice. In the present study, fat-specific knockout of Wnt5a (Wnt5a-FKO) prevented HFD-induced increases in serum Wnt5a levels in male C57BL/6 J mice, which suggested adipocytes are primarily responsible for obesity-induced increases in Wnt5a levels. Mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissues (WATs) more sensitively responded to HFD, in terms of cell size increases and Wnt5a levels than epididymal WATs. Furthermore, adipocyte sizes were positively correlated with Wnt5a levels in vitro and in vivo. In hypertrophic adipocytes, enlarged lipid droplets increased cell stiffness and rearranged the f-actin stress fibers from the cytoplasm to the cortical region. The activities of YAP (Yes-associated protein) and TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif) increased in response to these mechanical changes in hypertrophic adipocytes, and inhibition or knock-down of YAP and TAZ reduced Wnt5a expression. ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation) analyses revealed that YAP was recruited by Wnt5a-1 gene promoter and increased Wnt5a expression. These results suggested that YAP responds to mechanical stress in hypertrophic adipocytes to induce the expression Wnt5a. When 8-week-old Wnt5a-FKO mice were fed an HFD for 20 weeks, the fat mass increased, especially in subcutaneous WATs, as compared with that observed in floxed mice, without significant changes in food intake or activity. Furthermore, Wnt5a-FKO mice showed impaired glucose tolerance regardless of diet type. Our findings show that hypertrophy/YAP/Wnt5a signaling constitutes a negative-feedback loop that retrains adipose tissue hypertrophy.
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14
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Rengaraj D, Cha DG, Lee HJ, Lee KY, Choi YH, Jung KM, Kim YM, Choi HJ, Choi HJ, Yoo E, Woo SJ, Park JS, Park KJ, Kim JK, Han JY. Dissecting chicken germ cell dynamics by combining a germ cell tracing transgenic chicken model with single-cell RNA sequencing. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1654-1669. [PMID: 35465157 PMCID: PMC9010679 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian germ cells can be distinguished by certain characteristics during development. On the basis of these characteristics, germ cells can be used for germline transmission. However, the dynamic transcriptional landscape of avian germ cells during development is unknown. Here, we used a novel germ-cell-tracing method to monitor and isolate chicken germ cells at different stages of development. We targeted the deleted in azoospermia like (DAZL) gene, a germ-cell-specific marker, to integrate a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene without affecting endogenous DAZL expression. The resulting transgenic chickens (DAZL::GFP) were used to uncover the dynamic transcriptional landscape of avian germ cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 4,752 male and 13,028 female DAZL::GFP germ cells isolated from embryonic day E2.5 to 1 week post-hatch identified sex-specific developmental stages (4 stages in male and 5 stages in female) and trajectories (apoptosis and meiosis paths in female) of chicken germ cells. The male and female trajectories were characterized by a gradual acquisition of stage-specific transcription factor activities. We also identified evolutionary conserved and species-specific gene expression programs during both chicken and human germ-cell development. Collectively, these novel analyses provide mechanistic insights into chicken germ-cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Dong Gon Cha
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Eunhui Yoo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jin Se Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
- Corresponding authors at: POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea (J.K. Kim). Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea (J.Y. Han).
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Corresponding authors at: POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea (J.K. Kim). Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea (J.Y. Han).
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15
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Rengaraj D, Cha DG, Park KJ, Lee KY, Woo SJ, Han JY. Finer resolution analysis of transcriptional programming during the active migration of chicken primordial germ cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5911-5924. [PMID: 36382185 PMCID: PMC9636429 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) in chickens polarize and move passively toward the anterior region by the morphogenetic movement of the embryo. Further migration of PGCs towards the genital ridge via the germinal crescent region and blood vessels occurs actively through the chemoattractive signals. The mechanisms of initiation of PGCs migration, lodging the PGCs in the vascular system, and colonization of PGCs in the gonads are well-studied. However, transcriptome sequencing-based cues directing the migration of the PGCs towards gonads, some of the relevant molecules, biological processes, and transcription factors (TFs) are less studied in chickens. The current study comprehensively interprets the transcriptional programming of PGCs during their active migration (E2.5 to E8). Current results revealed several vital understandings, including a set of genes that upregulated male-specifically (XPA, GNG10, RPL17, RPS23, and NDUFS4) or female-specifically (HINTW, NIPBL, TERAL2, ATP5F1AW, and SMAD2W) in migrating PGCs, and transcriptionally distinct PGCs, particularly in the gonadal environment. We identified DNA methylation and histone modification-associated genes that are novel in chicken PGCs and show a time-dependent enrichment in migrating PGCs. We further identified a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs, including TFs) in blood PGCs (at E2.5) compared to gonadal PGCs (at E8) in both sexes; however, this difference was greater in males. We also revealed the enriched biological processes and signaling pathways of significant DEGs identified commonly, male-specifically, or female-specifically between the PGCs isolated at E2.5, E6, and E8. Collectively, these analyses provide molecular insights into chicken PGCs during their active migration phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dong Gon Cha
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Corresponding author at: Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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16
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Alcantara MC, Suzuki K, Acebedo AR, Sakamoto Y, Nishita M, Minami Y, Kikuchi A, Yamada G. Stage-dependent function of Wnt5a during male external genitalia development. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2021; 61:212-219. [PMID: 34255394 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
External genitalia development in mice involves multiple developmental processes under the regulation of various signaling pathways. Wnt5a, one of the major Wnt ligands, is a crucial developmental regulator of outgrowing organs such as the limb, the mandible, and the external genitalia. Defects in Wnt5a signaling have been linked to Robinow syndrome, a genetic disorder in which male patients manifest a micropenis and defective urethral tube formation. Whereas Wnt5a is required for cell proliferation during embryonic external genitalia outgrowth, its role for urethral tube formation has yet to be understood. Here, we show that Wnt5a contributes to urethral tube formation as well as external genitalia outgrowth. Wnt5a is expressed in the embryonic external genitalia mesenchyme, and mesenchymal-specific conditional Wnt5a knockout mice resulted in hypospadias-like urethral defects. Early deletion of Wnt5a at E10.5 showed severe defects in both external genitalia outgrowth and urethral tube formation, along with reduced cell proliferation. The severe urethral tube defect persisted during later timing deletion of Wnt5a (E13.5). Further analyses revealed that loss of Wnt5a disrupted cell polarity and led to a reduction of the phosphorylated myosin light chain and the focal adhesion protein, vinculin. Altogether, these results suggest that Wnt5a coordinates cell proliferation and directed cell migration in a stage-dependent manner during male external genitalia development. Furthermore, Wnt5a may regulate cell polarity, focal adhesion formation, and cell contractility, leading to directed cell migration during male-type urethral formation in a manner that has not been reported in other organ fusion events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mellissa C Alcantara
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Suzuki
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Alvin R Acebedo
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Michiru Nishita
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gen Yamada
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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17
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Rhen T, Even Z, Brenner A, Lodewyk A, Das D, Singh S, Simmons R. Evolutionary Turnover in Wnt Gene Expression but Conservation of Wnt Signaling during Ovary Determination in a TSD Reptile. Sex Dev 2021; 15:47-68. [PMID: 34280932 DOI: 10.1159/000516973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) is a well-known characteristic of many reptilian species. However, the molecular processes linking ambient temperature to determination of gonad fate remain hazy. Here, we test the hypothesis that Wnt expression and signaling differ between female- and male-producing temperatures in the snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina. Canonical Wnt signaling involves secretion of glycoproteins called WNTs, which bind to and activate membrane bound receptors that trigger β-catenin stabilization and translocation to the nucleus where β-catenin interacts with TCF/LEF transcription factors to regulate expression of Wnt targets. Non-canonical Wnt signaling occurs via 2 pathways that are independent of β-catenin: one involves intracellular calcium release (the Wnt/Ca2+ pathway), while the other involves activation of RAC1, JNK, and RHOA (the Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway). We screened 20 Wnt genes for differential expression between female- and male-producing temperatures during sex determination in the snapping turtle. Exposure of embryos to the female-producing temperature decreased expression of 7 Wnt genes but increased expression of 2 Wnt genes and Rspo1 relative to embryos at the male-producing temperature. Temperature also regulated expression of putative Wnt target genes in vivo and a canonical Wnt reporter (6x TCF/LEF sites drive H2B-GFP expression) in embryonic gonadal cells in vitro. Results indicate that Wnt signaling was higher at the female- than at the male-producing temperature. Evolutionary analyses of all 20 Wnt genes revealed that thermosensitive Wnts, as opposed to insensitive Wnts, were less likely to show evidence of positive selection and experienced stronger purifying selection within TSD species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turk Rhen
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Zachary Even
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Alaina Brenner
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Alexandra Lodewyk
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Debojyoti Das
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Sunil Singh
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Rebecca Simmons
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
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18
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Mahboudi S, Parivar K, Mazaheri Z, Irani SH. Mir-106b Cluster Regulates Primordial Germ Cells Differentiation from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:294-302. [PMID: 34308572 PMCID: PMC8286458 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.6836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective Numerous evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators in the spermatogenesis
process. The aim of this study was to investigate Mir-106b cluster regulates primordial germ cells (PGCs) differentiation
from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, samples containing male adipose (n: 9 samples- age: 25-40 years)
were obtained from cosmetic surgeries performed for the liposuction in Imam Khomeini Hospital. The differentiation
of MSCs into PGCs was accomplished by transfection of a lentivector expressing miR-106b. The transfection of miR-
106b was also confirmed by the detection of a clear green fluorescent protein (GFP) signal in MSCs. MSCs were
treated with bone morphogenic factor 4 (BMP4) protein, as a putative inducer of PGCs differentiation, to induce the
differentiation of MSCs into PGCs (positive control). After 4 days of transfection, the expression of miR-106b, STELLA,
and FRAGILIS genes was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also, the levels of thymocyte
differentiation antigen 1 (Thy1) protein was assessed by the western blot analysis. The cell surface expression of CD90
was also determined by immunocytochemistry method. The cytotoxicity of miR-106b was examined in MSCs after 24,
48, and 72 hours using the MTT assay. Results MSCs treated with BMP4 or transfected by miR-106b were successfully differentiated into PGCs. The results
of this study also showed that the expression of miR-106b was significantly increased after 48 hours from transfection.
Also, we showed STELLA, FARGILIS, as well as the protein expression of Thy1, was significantly higher in MSCs
transfected by lentivector expressing miR-106b in comparison with MSCs treated with BMP4 (P≤0.05). MTT assay
showed miR-106b was no toxic during 72 hours in 1 µg/ml dose, that this amount could elevated germ cells marker
significantly higher than other experimental groups (P≤0.05).
Conclusion According to this findings, it appears that miR-106b plays an essential role in the differentiation of MSCs
into PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Mahboudi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri
- Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Histogenotech Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Hiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Henarejos-Castillo I, Aleman A, Martinez-Montoro B, Gracia-Aznárez FJ, Sebastian-Leon P, Romeu M, Remohi J, Patiño-Garcia A, Royo P, Alkorta-Aranburu G, Diaz-Gimeno P. Machine Learning-Based Approach Highlights the Use of a Genomic Variant Profile for Precision Medicine in Ovarian Failure. J Pers Med 2021; 11:609. [PMID: 34199109 PMCID: PMC8305607 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian failure (OF) is a common cause of infertility usually diagnosed as idiopathic, with genetic causes accounting for 10-25% of cases. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) may enable identifying contributing genes and variant profiles to stratify the population into subtypes of OF. This study sought to identify a blood-based gene variant profile using accumulation of rare variants to promote precision medicine in fertility preservation programs. A case-control (n = 118, n = 32, respectively) WES study was performed in which only non-synonymous rare variants <5% minor allele frequency (MAF; in the IGSR) and coverage ≥ 100× were considered. A profile of 66 variants of uncertain significance was used for training an unsupervised machine learning model to separate cases from controls (97.2% sensitivity, 99.2% specificity) and stratify the population into two subtypes of OF (A and B) (93.31% sensitivity, 96.67% specificity). Model testing within the IGSR female population predicted 0.5% of women as subtype A and 2.4% as subtype B. This is the first study linking OF to the accumulation of rare variants and generates a new potential taxonomy supporting application of this approach for precision medicine in fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Henarejos-Castillo
- IVI Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 1ª, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.-C.); (A.A.); (P.S.-L.)
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Aleman
- IVI Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 1ª, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.-C.); (A.A.); (P.S.-L.)
| | - Begoña Martinez-Montoro
- IVI-RMA Pamplona, Reproductive Medicine, C/Sangüesa, Número 15-Planta Baja, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (B.M.-M.); (P.R.)
| | - Francisco Javier Gracia-Aznárez
- CIMA Lab Diagnostics, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avda Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (A.P.-G.); (G.A.-A.)
| | - Patricia Sebastian-Leon
- IVI Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 1ª, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.-C.); (A.A.); (P.S.-L.)
- IVI-RMA Pamplona, Reproductive Medicine, C/Sangüesa, Número 15-Planta Baja, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (B.M.-M.); (P.R.)
| | - Monica Romeu
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Jose Remohi
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- IVI-RMA Valencia, Reproductive Medicine, Plaça de la Policia Local, 3, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Patiño-Garcia
- CIMA Lab Diagnostics, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avda Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (A.P.-G.); (G.A.-A.)
- Laboratorio de Pediatría-Unidad de Genética Clínica, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avda Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Royo
- IVI-RMA Pamplona, Reproductive Medicine, C/Sangüesa, Número 15-Planta Baja, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (B.M.-M.); (P.R.)
| | - Gorka Alkorta-Aranburu
- CIMA Lab Diagnostics, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Avda Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (F.J.G.-A.); (A.P.-G.); (G.A.-A.)
| | - Patricia Diaz-Gimeno
- IVI Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, Planta 1ª, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (I.H.-C.); (A.A.); (P.S.-L.)
- IVI-RMA Pamplona, Reproductive Medicine, C/Sangüesa, Número 15-Planta Baja, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (B.M.-M.); (P.R.)
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20
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Whiteley SL, Holleley CE, Wagner S, Blackburn J, Deveson IW, Marshall Graves JA, Georges A. Two transcriptionally distinct pathways drive female development in a reptile with both genetic and temperature dependent sex determination. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009465. [PMID: 33857129 PMCID: PMC8049264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
How temperature determines sex remains unknown. A recent hypothesis proposes that conserved cellular mechanisms (calcium and redox; 'CaRe' status) sense temperature and identify genes and regulatory pathways likely to be involved in driving sexual development. We take advantage of the unique sex determining system of the model organism, Pogona vitticeps, to assess predictions of this hypothesis. P. vitticeps has ZZ male: ZW female sex chromosomes whose influence can be overridden in genetic males by high temperatures, causing male-to-female sex reversal. We compare a developmental transcriptome series of ZWf females and temperature sex reversed ZZf females. We demonstrate that early developmental cascades differ dramatically between genetically driven and thermally driven females, later converging to produce a common outcome (ovaries). We show that genes proposed as regulators of thermosensitive sex determination play a role in temperature sex reversal. Our study greatly advances the search for the mechanisms by which temperature determines sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Whiteley
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
- Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, Canberra, Australia
| | - Clare E. Holleley
- Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, Canberra, Australia
| | - Susan Wagner
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - James Blackburn
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ira W. Deveson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Marshall Graves
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
- Latrobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arthur Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
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21
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Rasi Bonab F, Baghbanzadeh A, Ghaseminia M, Bolandi N, Mokhtarzadeh A, Amini M, Dadashzadeh K, Hajiasgharzadeh K, Baradaran B, Bannazadeh Baghi H. Molecular pathways in the development of HPV-induced cervical cancer. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:320-337. [PMID: 33746665 PMCID: PMC7975633 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-3365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, human papillomavirus (HPV) has gained considerable attention in cervical cancer research studies. It is one of the most important sexually transmitted diseases that can affect 160 to 289 out of 10000 persons every year. Due to the infectious nature of this virus, HPV can be considered a serious threat. The knowledge of viral structure, especially for viral oncoproteins like E6, E7, and their role in causing cancer is very important. This virus has different paths (PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, ERK/MAPK, and JAK/STAT) that are involved in the transmission of signaling paths through active molecules like MEK (pMEK), ERK (pERK), and Akt (pAkt). It's eventually through these paths that cancer is developed. Precise knowledge of these paths and their signals give us the prognosis to adopt appropriate goals for prevention and control of these series of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Rasi Bonab
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Moslem Ghaseminia
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nadia Bolandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kianoosh Dadashzadeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Jiang J, Chen C, Cheng S, Yuan X, Jin J, Zhang C, Sun X, Song J, Zuo Q, Zhang Y, Chen G, Li B. Long Noncoding RNA LncPGCR Mediated by TCF7L2 Regulates Primordial Germ Cell Formation in Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020292. [PMID: 33498947 PMCID: PMC7912682 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The potential of primordial germ cells (PGCs) for multidirectional differentiation, together with their unique regeneration ability, makes them one of the most promising seed cells in clinical medicine and tissue engineering research. However, not enough PGCs can be obtained to meet the demand, which limits their application. We defined a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) mediated by epigenetics, which could activate the miR-6577-5p/Btrc pathway to promote the formation of PGCs. The technical system we have established is a useful tool to obtain sufficient PGCs for scientific research. Our study offers great theoretical and practical value in the production of transgenic animals or genomic imprinting in poultry. We believe that our study will help researchers in the fields of agricultural production, developmental biology, and cell biology. Abstract Although lncRNAs have been identified as playing critical roles in the development of germ cells, their potential involvement in the development of PGCs in chickens remains poorly understood. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) from previous RNA-seq of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), PGCs, and spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) were analyzed by K-means clustering, from which a key candidate, lncRNA (lncRNA PGC regulator, LncPGCR) was obtained. We confirmed that LncPGCR plays a positive role in the development of PGCs by increasing the expression of the PGC marker gene (Cvh and C-kit), while downregulating the pluripotency-associated gene (Nanog) in vitro and in vivo. The activation and expression of LncPGCR are regulated by histone acetylation, and transcription factor TCF7L2. Mechanistically, a rescue assay was performed to further confirm that LncPGCR contributed to the development of PGCs by regulating the gga-miR-6577-5p/Btrc signaling pathway. Adsorption of gga-miR-6577-5p activated the WNT signaling cascade by relieving the gga-miR-6577-5p-dependent inhibition of Btrc expression. Taken together, our study discovered the growth-expedited role of LncPGCR in PGCs development, showing the potential LncPGCR/miR-6577-5p/Btrc pathway. The results and findings provide a novel insight into the development of PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Shaoze Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Xia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Jing Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Jiuzhou Song
- Animal & Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20741, USA;
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Yani Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Bichun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; (J.J.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (X.Y.); (J.J.); (C.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Xue R, Lin W, Sun J, Watanabe M, Xu A, Araki M, Nasu Y, Tang Z, Huang P. The role of Wnt signaling in male reproductive physiology and pathology. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:gaaa085. [PMID: 33543289 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that Wnt signaling is deeply involved in male reproductive physiology, and malfunction of the signal path can cause pathological changes in genital organs and sperm cells. These abnormalities are diverse in manifestation and have been constantly found in the knockout models of Wnt studies. Nevertheless, most of the research solely focused on a certain factor in the Wnt pathway, and there are few reports on the overall relation between Wnt signals and male reproductive physiology. In our review, Wnt findings relating to the reproductive system were sought and summarized in terms of Wnt ligands, Wnt receptors, Wnt intracellular signals and Wnt regulators. By sorting out and integrating relevant functions, as well as underlining the controversies among different reports, our review aims to offer an overview of Wnt signaling in male reproductive physiology and pathology for further mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Xue
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfeng Lin
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jingkai Sun
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Abai Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Motoo Araki
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Nasu
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Zhengyan Tang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Okayama Medical Innovation Center, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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24
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Yu DCW, Wu FC, Wu CE, Chow LP, Ho HN, Chen HF. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived DDX4 and KRT-8 positive cells participate in ovarian follicle-like structure formation. iScience 2020; 24:102003. [PMID: 33490911 PMCID: PMC7811146 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) specification, development and differentiation to gametes are useful for elucidating the causes of infertility and potential treatment. This study aims to examine whether hPSCs can be induced to DDX4 extracellularly expressing primordial germ cell-like cells (DDX4ec PGCLCs) and further into ovarian follicle stage in a combined in vitro and in vivo model. The transcriptional signatures show that these DDX4ec PGCLCs are characteristic of PGCs and express ovarian folliculogenesis markers. We also verify that keratin (KRT)-8 is highly expressed in the DDX4ec PGCLCs and plays a crucial role in germ cell migration. By co-culturing DDX4ec PGCLCs with human granulosa cells (GCs), these cells are further induced into ovarian follicle-like structures in a xenograft mice model. This approach can in the future design practical strategies for treating germ cell-associated issues of infertility. hPSC-derived DDX4 PGCLCs participate ovarian follicle-like structure formation Human granulosa cells as a niche environment are participating folliculogenesis Keratin 8 plays an essential role in primordial germ cell migration
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny C W Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.,Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, and Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chun Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Eng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Ping Chow
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Nerng Ho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Deepa S, Senthilkumaran B. Interactive role of Wnt signaling and Zn in regulating testicular function of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Theriogenology 2020; 161:161-175. [PMID: 33333442 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is conserved among all species and plays a significant role in various cellular processes including reproduction. The present study identified significant involvement of wnt4a, wnt5b, and wnt8a signaling in the testicular growth of common carp,Cyprinus carpio. Predominant expression of wnt4a, wnt5b, and wnt8a was found in the gonads and Wnt4a was localized in spermatocytes and interstitial cells. Ontogeny and testicular phase-wise analysis signified the importance of wnt isofoms analyzed in this study. Specific pathway activation of Wnt signaling revealed that Wnt4a and Wnt5b act through non-canonical while Wnt8a prefers the canonical pathway. The Wnt signaling regulates several steroidogenic enzyme and testis-related genes which was confirmed by the Wnt blockade experiments. Incidentally, zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element involved in the progression of spermatogenesis in teleosts. In adult male carp, a single administration of Zn at different doses elevated the expression of Wnt and Zn transporter genes and a single-dose (30 μg/g body weight [BW]) of Zn treatment elevated steroidogenic enzyme and testis-related genes which coincided with elevated androgens. Conversely, single-dose administration of Zn chelator to the Zn administered (30 μg/g BW) fish reversed the effects emphasizing a prominent role of Zn in the testicular function perhaps through Wnt signaling. Similar effects were observed in the in vitro experiments using the Zn chelator. Bioaccumulation of Zn and histological analysis revealed the importance of Zn in progression of spermatogenesis and sperm motility. Various assays related to cell viability and proliferation exhibited the role of Zn in promoting spermatogenic cell progression. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed Zn-induced elevation of Wnt and Zn transporter genes in germ and supporting cells. Furthermore, the effects of Zn are dose-related in carp. Taken together, it seems wnt4a, wnt5b, and wnt8a play an important role in testis and exposure of Wnt inhibitor, canonical as well as non-canonical activators, and Zn confirmed that Zn regulates Wnt signaling vis-à-vis promoting spermatogenesis in the common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seetharam Deepa
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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26
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Nuthalapati NK, Evans JD, Taylor RL, Branton SL, Nanduri B, Pharr GT. Transcriptomic analysis of early B-cell development in the chicken embryo. Poult Sci 2019; 98:5342-5354. [PMID: 31237340 PMCID: PMC6771548 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The chicken bursa of Fabricius is a primary lymphoid tissue important for B-cell development. Our long-term goal is to understand the role of bursal microenvironment in an early B-cell differentiation event initiating repertoire development through immunoglobulin gene conversion in the chick embryo. We hypothesize that early bursal B-cell differentiation is guided by signals through cytokine receptors. Our theory is based on previous evidence for expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily members and interleukin receptors in unseparated populations of bursal B-cells and bursal tissue. Knowledge of the expressed genes that are responsible for B-cell differentiation is a prerequisite for understanding the bursal microenvironment's function. This project uses transcriptomic analysis to evaluate gene expression across early B-cell development. RNA-seq was performed with total RNA isolated from bursal B-cells at embryonic day (ED) 16 and ED 19 (n = 3). Approximately 90 million high-quality clean reads were obtained from the cDNA libraries. The analysis revealed differentially expressed genes involved in the Jak-STAT pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, metabolic pathways including tyrosine metabolism, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and cell-adhesion molecules. The genes predicted to encode surface receptors, signal transduction proteins, and transcription factors identified in this study represent gene candidates for controlling B-cell development in response to differentiation factors in the bursal microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil K Nuthalapati
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State MS 39762, Mississippi State
| | - Jeffrey D Evans
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, PO Box 5367, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762-5367
| | - Robert L Taylor
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
| | - Scott L Branton
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit, PO Box 5367, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762-5367
| | - Bindu Nanduri
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State MS 39762, Mississippi State
| | - Gregory T Pharr
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State MS 39762, Mississippi State
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Downregulation of Sostdc1 in Testicular Sertoli Cells is Prerequisite for Onset of Robust Spermatogenesis at Puberty. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11458. [PMID: 31391487 PMCID: PMC6686024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47930-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An alarming decline in sperm count of men from several countries has become a major concern for the world community. Hormones act on testicular Sertoli cells (Sc) to regulate male fertility by governing the division and differentiation of germ cells (Gc). However, there is a limited knowledge about Sc specific gene(s) regulating the spermatogenic output of the testis. Sclerostin domain-containing 1 protein (Sostdc1) is a dual BMP/Wnt regulator is predominantly expressed in the Sc of infant testes which hardly show any sign of spermatogenesis. In order to investigate the role of Sostdc1 in spermatogenic regulation, we have generated transgenic (Tg) rats which induced persistent expression of Sostdc1 in mature Sc causing reduced sperm counts. Although Sc specific Sostdc1 did not affect the function of either Sc or Leydig cells (Lc) in the adult testis of Tg rat, we observed a selective augmentation of the BMP target genes via activated phospho smad 1/5/8 signaling in Gc leading to apoptosis. Here, for the first time, we have demonstrated that Sostdc1 is a negative regulator of spermatogenesis, and provided substantial evidence that down regulation of Sostdc1 during puberty is critically essential for quantitatively and qualitatively normal spermatogenesis governing male fertility.
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Kanamori M, Oikawa K, Tanemura K, Hara K. Mammalian germ cell migration during development, growth, and homeostasis. Reprod Med Biol 2019; 18:247-255. [PMID: 31312103 PMCID: PMC6613016 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germ cells represent one of the typical cell types that moves over a long period of time and large distance within the animal body. To continue its life cycle, germ cells must migrate to spatially distinct locations for proper development. Defects in such migration processes can result in infertility. Thus, for more than a century, the principles of germ cell migration have been a focus of interest in the field of reproductive biology. METHODS Based on published reports (mainly from rodents), investigations of germ cell migration before releasing from the body, including primordial germ cells (PGCs), gonocytes, spermatogonia, and immature spermatozoon, were summarized. MAIN FINDINGS Germ cells migrate with various patterns, with each migration step regulated by distinct mechanisms. During development, PGCs actively and passively migrate from the extraembryonic region toward genital ridges through the hindgut epithelium. After sex determination, male germline cells migrate heterogeneously in a developmental stage-dependent manner within the testis. CONCLUSION During migration, there are multiple gates that disallow germ cells from re-entering the proper developmental pathway after wandering off the original migration path. The presence of gates may ensure the robustness of germ cell development during development, growth, and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Kanamori
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Kenta Oikawa
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Kentaro Tanemura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Kenshiro Hara
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
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Cheetham SW, Gruhn WH, van den Ameele J, Krautz R, Southall TD, Kobayashi T, Surani MA, Brand AH. Targeted DamID reveals differential binding of mammalian pluripotency factors. Development 2018; 145:dev.170209. [PMID: 30185410 DOI: 10.1242/dev.170209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The precise control of gene expression by transcription factor networks is crucial to organismal development. The predominant approach for mapping transcription factor-chromatin interactions has been chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). However, ChIP requires a large number of homogeneous cells and antisera with high specificity. A second approach, DamID, has the drawback that high levels of Dam methylase are toxic. Here, we modify our targeted DamID approach (TaDa) to enable cell type-specific expression in mammalian systems, generating an inducible system (mammalian TaDa or MaTaDa) to identify genome-wide protein/DNA interactions in 100 to 1000 times fewer cells than ChIP-based approaches. We mapped the binding sites of two key pluripotency factors, OCT4 and PRDM14, in mouse embryonic stem cells, epiblast-like cells and primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs). PGCLCs are an important system for elucidating primordial germ cell development in mice. We monitored PRDM14 binding during the specification of PGCLCs, identifying direct targets of PRDM14 that are key to understanding its crucial role in PGCLC development. We show that MaTaDa is a sensitive and accurate method for assessing cell type-specific transcription factor binding in limited numbers of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth W Cheetham
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Wolfram H Gruhn
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Jelle van den Ameele
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Robert Krautz
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Tony D Southall
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Toshihiro Kobayashi
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - M Azim Surani
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Andrea H Brand
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
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Mao BP, Li L, Yan M, Lian Q, Ge R, Cheng CY. Environmental toxicants and cell polarity in the testis. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 81:253-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Butler AM, Owens DA, Wang L, King ML. A novel role for sox7 in Xenopus early primordial germ cell development: mining the PGC transcriptome. Development 2018; 145:dev.155978. [PMID: 29158442 DOI: 10.1242/dev.155978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Xenopus primordial germ cells (PGCs) are determined by the presence of maternally derived germ plasm. Germ plasm components both protect PGCs from somatic differentiation and begin a unique gene expression program. Segregation of the germline from the endodermal lineage occurs during gastrulation, and PGCs subsequently initiate zygotic transcription. However, the gene network(s) that operate to both preserve and promote germline differentiation are poorly understood. Here, we utilized RNA-sequencing analysis to comprehensively interrogate PGC and neighboring endoderm cell mRNAs after lineage segregation. We identified 1865 transcripts enriched in PGCs compared with endoderm cells. We next compared the PGC-enriched transcripts with previously identified maternal, vegetally enriched transcripts and found that ∼38% of maternal transcripts were enriched in PGCs, including sox7 PGC-directed sox7 knockdown and overexpression studies revealed an early requirement for sox7 in germ plasm localization, zygotic transcription and PGC number. We identified pou5f3.3 as the most highly expressed and enriched POU5F1 homolog in PGCs. We compared the Xenopus PGC transcriptome with human PGC transcripts and showed that 80% of genes are conserved, underscoring the potential usefulness of Xenopus for understanding human germline specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Butler
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th St, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dawn A Owens
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th St, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lingyu Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA
| | - Mary Lou King
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th St, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Barthold JS, Ivell R. Perspective: A Neuro-Hormonal Systems Approach to Understanding the Complexity of Cryptorchidism Susceptibility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:401. [PMID: 30083133 PMCID: PMC6065160 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cryptorchidism is a common multifactorial, condition with long-term risks of subfertility and testicular cancer. Revealing the causes of cryptorchidism will likely improve prediction and prevention of adverse outcomes. Herein we provide our current perspective of cryptorchidism complexity in a synthesis of cumulative clinical and translational data generated by ourselves and others. From our recent comparison of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of cryptorchidism with or without testicular germ cell tumor, we identified RBFOX family genes as candidate susceptibility loci. Notably, RBFOX proteins regulate production of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a sensory neuropeptide linked to testicular descent in animal models. We also re-analyzed existing fetal testis transcriptome data from a rat model of inherited cryptorchidism (the LE/orl strain) for enrichment of Leydig cell progenitor genes. The majority are coordinately downregulated, consistent with known reduced testicular testosterone levels in the LE/orl fetus, and similarly suppressed in the gubernaculum. Using qRT-PCR, we found dysregulation of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory transcripts ipsilateral to undescended testes. These data suggest that LE/orl cryptorchidism is associated with altered signaling in possibly related cell types in the testis and gubernaculum as well as DRG. Complementary rat and human studies thus lead us to propose a multi-level, integrated neuro-hormonal model of testicular descent. Variants in genes encoding RBFOX family proteins and/or their transcriptional targets combined with environmental exposures may disrupt this complex pathway to enhance cryptorchidism susceptibility. We believe that a systems approach is necessary to provide further insight into the causes and consequences of cryptorchidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Barthold
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Division of Urology, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States
- *Correspondence: Julia S. Barthold
| | - Richard Ivell
- School of Biosciences and School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom
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Defective Wnt3 expression by testicular Sertoli cells compromise male fertility. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 371:351-363. [PMID: 29064078 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Testicular Sertoli cells make a niche for the division and differentiation of germ cells. Sertoli cells respond to increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) levels at the onset of puberty by producing paracrine factors which affect germ cells and trigger robust onset of spermatogenesis. Such paracrine support to germ cells is absent during infancy, despite Sertoli cells being exposed to high FSH and T within the infant testis. This situation is similar to certain cases of male idiopathic infertility where post-pubertal Sertoli cells fail to support germ cell division and differentiation in spite of endogenous or exogenous hormonal support. Defective Sertoli cells in such individuals may fail to express the full complement of their paracrine repertoire. Identification and supplementation with such factors may overcome Sertoli cells deficiencies and help trigger quantitatively and qualitatively normal differentiation of germ cells. To this end, we compared the transcriptome of FSH- and T-treated infant and pubertal monkey Sertoli cells by DNA microarray. Expression of Wnt3, a morphogen of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, was higher in pubertal Sertoli cells relative to infant Sertoli cells. Transgenic mice were generated by us in which Wnt3 expression was curtailed specifically in post-pubertal Sertoli cells by shRNA. Subfertility and oligozoospermia were noticed in such animals with low Wnt3 expression in post-pubertal Sertoli cells along with diminished expression of Connexin43, a gap-junctional molecule essential for germ cell development. We report that the FSH- and T-targetedf Wnt3 governs Sertoli cell-mediated regulation of spermatogenesis and hence is crucial for fertility.
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Susman MW, Karuna EP, Kunz RC, Gujral TS, Cantú AV, Choi SS, Jong BY, Okada K, Scales MK, Hum J, Hu LS, Kirschner MW, Nishinakamura R, Yamada S, Laird DJ, Jao LE, Gygi SP, Greenberg ME, Ho HYH. Kinesin superfamily protein Kif26b links Wnt5a-Ror signaling to the control of cell and tissue behaviors in vertebrates. eLife 2017; 6:e26509. [PMID: 28885975 PMCID: PMC5590807 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt5a-Ror signaling constitutes a developmental pathway crucial for embryonic tissue morphogenesis, reproduction and adult tissue regeneration, yet the molecular mechanisms by which the Wnt5a-Ror pathway mediates these processes are largely unknown. Using a proteomic screen, we identify the kinesin superfamily protein Kif26b as a downstream target of the Wnt5a-Ror pathway. Wnt5a-Ror, through a process independent of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin-dependent pathway, regulates the cellular stability of Kif26b by inducing its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Through this mechanism, Kif26b modulates the migratory behavior of cultured mesenchymal cells in a Wnt5a-dependent manner. Genetic perturbation of Kif26b function in vivo caused embryonic axis malformations and depletion of primordial germ cells in the developing gonad, two phenotypes characteristic of disrupted Wnt5a-Ror signaling. These findings indicate that Kif26b links Wnt5a-Ror signaling to the control of morphogenetic cell and tissue behaviors in vertebrates and reveal a new role for regulated proteolysis in noncanonical Wnt5a-Ror signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Susman
- Department of NeurobiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Edith P Karuna
- Department of Cell Biology and Human AnatomyUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineDavisUnited States
| | - Ryan C Kunz
- Department of Cell BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Taranjit S Gujral
- Department of Systems BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Division of Human BiologyFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleUnited States
| | - Andrea V Cantú
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive SciencesCenter for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Shannon S Choi
- Department of Cell Biology and Human AnatomyUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineDavisUnited States
| | - Brigette Y Jong
- Department of Cell Biology and Human AnatomyUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineDavisUnited States
| | - Kyoko Okada
- Department of Cell Biology and Human AnatomyUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineDavisUnited States
| | - Michael K Scales
- Department of Cell Biology and Human AnatomyUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineDavisUnited States
| | - Jennie Hum
- Department of Cell Biology and Human AnatomyUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineDavisUnited States
| | - Linda S Hu
- Department of NeurobiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Marc W Kirschner
- Department of Systems BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney DevelopmentInstitute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Soichiro Yamada
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisUnited States
| | - Diana J Laird
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive SciencesCenter for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Li-En Jao
- Department of Cell Biology and Human AnatomyUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineDavisUnited States
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | | | - Hsin-Yi Henry Ho
- Department of NeurobiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Cell Biology and Human AnatomyUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineDavisUnited States
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Weng B, Ran M, Chen B, He C, Dong L, Peng F. Genome-wide analysis of long non-coding RNAs and their role in postnatal porcine testis development. Genomics 2017; 109:446-456. [PMID: 28746831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive and systematic understanding of the roles of lncRNAs in the postnatal development of the pig testis has still not been achieved. In the present study, we obtained more than one billion clean reads and identified 15,528 lncRNA transcripts; these transcripts included 5032 known and 10,496 novel porcine lncRNA transcripts and corresponded to 10,041 lncRNA genes. Pairwise comparisons identified 449 known and 324 novel lncRNAs that showed differential expression patterns. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the targeted genes were involved in metabolic pathways regulating testis development and spermatogenesis, such as the TGF-beta pathway, the PI3K-Akt pathway, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and the AMPK pathway. Using this information, we predicted some lncRNAs and coding gene pairs were predicted that may function in testis development and spermatogenesis; these are listed in detail. This study has provided the most comprehensive catalog to date of lncRNAs in the postnatal pig testis and will aid our understanding of their functional roles in testis development and spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Weng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Maoliang Ran
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Bin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Changqing He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lianhua Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Fuzhi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Hunan, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animal, Changsha 410128, China
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A pilgrim's progress: Seeking meaning in primordial germ cell migration. Stem Cell Res 2017; 24:181-187. [PMID: 28754603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative studies of primordial germ cell (PGC) development across organisms in many phyla reveal surprising diversity in the route of migration, timing and underlying molecular mechanisms, suggesting that the process of migration itself is conserved. However, beyond the perfunctory transport of cellular precursors to their later arising home of the gonads, does PGC migration serve a function? Here we propose that the process of migration plays an additional role in quality control, by eliminating PGCs incapable of completing migration as well as through mechanisms that favor PGCs capable of responding appropriately to migration cues. Focusing on PGCs in mice, we explore evidence for a selective capacity of migration, considering the tandem regulation of proliferation and migration, cell-intrinsic and extrinsic control, the potential for tumors derived from failed PGC migrants, the potential mechanisms by which migratory PGCs vary in their cellular behaviors, and corresponding effects on development. We discuss the implications of a selective role of PGC migration for in vitro gametogenesis.
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Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation is required for proliferation of chicken primordial germ cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34510. [PMID: 27687983 PMCID: PMC5062643 DOI: 10.1038/srep34510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigated the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) in vitro. We confirmed the expression of Wnt signaling pathway-related genes and the localization of β-catenin in the nucleus, revealing that this pathway is potentially activated in chicken PGCs. Then, using the single-cell pick-up assay, we examined the proliferative capacity of cultured PGCs in response to Wnt ligands, a β-catenin-mediated Wnt signaling activator (6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime [BIO]) or inhibitor (JW74), in the presence or absence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). WNT1, WNT3A, and BIO promoted the proliferation of chicken PGCs similarly to bFGF, whereas JW74 inhibited this proliferation. Meanwhile, such treatments in combination with bFGF did not show a synergistic effect. bFGF treatment could not rescue PGC proliferation in the presence of JW74. In addition, we confirmed the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus by the addition of bFGF after JW74 treatment. These results indicate that there is signaling crosstalk between FGF and Wnt, and that β-catenin acts on PGC proliferation downstream of bFGF. In conclusion, our study suggests that Wnt signaling enhances the proliferation of chicken PGCs via the stabilization of β-catenin and activation of its downstream genes.
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Mamrut S, Avidan N, Staun-Ram E, Ginzburg E, Truffault F, Berrih-Aknin S, Miller A. Integrative analysis of methylome and transcriptome in human blood identifies extensive sex- and immune cell-specific differentially methylated regions. Epigenetics 2016; 10:943-57. [PMID: 26291385 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1084462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression is complex and elusive. To further elucidate these relations, we performed an integrative analysis of the methylome and transcriptome of 4 circulating immune cell subsets (B cells, monocytes, CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cells) from healthy females. Additionally, in light of the known sex bias in the prevalence of several immune-mediated diseases, the female datasets were compared with similar public available male data sets. Immune cell-specific differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were found to be highly similar between sexes, with an average correlation coefficient of 0.82; however, numerous sex-specific DMRs, shared by the cell subsets, were identified, mainly on autosomal chromosomes. This provides a list of highly interesting candidate genes to be studied in disorders with sexual dimorphism, such as autoimmune diseases. Immune cell-specific DMRs were mainly located in the gene body and intergenic region, distant from CpG islands but overlapping with enhancer elements, indicating that distal regulatory elements are important in immune cell specificity. In contrast, sex-specific DMRs were overrepresented in CpG islands, suggesting that the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of sex and immune cell specificity may differ. Both positive and, more frequently, negative correlations between subset-specific expression and methylation were observed, and cell-specific DMRs of both interactions were associated with similar biological pathways, while sex-specific DMRs were linked to networks of early development or estrogen receptor and immune-related molecules. Our findings of immune cell- and sex-specific methylome and transcriptome profiles provide novel insight on their complex regulatory interactions and may particularly contribute to research of immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimrat Mamrut
- a Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology ; Haifa , Israel
| | - Nili Avidan
- a Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology ; Haifa , Israel
| | - Elsebeth Staun-Ram
- a Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology ; Haifa , Israel
| | - Elizabeta Ginzburg
- a Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology ; Haifa , Israel
| | - Frederique Truffault
- b INSERM - U974/CNRS UMR7215//UPMC UM76/AIM; Institute of Myology Pitie-Salpetriere ; Paris , France
| | - Sonia Berrih-Aknin
- b INSERM - U974/CNRS UMR7215//UPMC UM76/AIM; Institute of Myology Pitie-Salpetriere ; Paris , France
| | - Ariel Miller
- a Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology ; Haifa , Israel.,c Division of Neuroimmunology; Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center ; Haifa , Israel
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Barton LJ, LeBlanc MG, Lehmann R. Finding their way: themes in germ cell migration. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2016; 42:128-137. [PMID: 27484857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic germ cell migration is a vital component of the germline lifecycle. The translocation of germ cells from the place of origin to the developing somatic gonad involves several processes including passive movements with underlying tissues, transepithelial migration, cell adhesion dynamics, the establishment of environmental guidance cues and the ability to sustain directed migration. How germ cells accomplish these feats in established model organisms will be discussed in this review, with a focus on recent discoveries and themes conserved across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacy J Barton
- HHMI and Skirball Institute at NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Michelle G LeBlanc
- HHMI and Skirball Institute at NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Ruth Lehmann
- HHMI and Skirball Institute at NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Msx1 and Msx2 function together in the regulation of primordial germ cell migration in the mouse. Dev Biol 2016; 417:11-24. [PMID: 27435625 PMCID: PMC5407493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are a highly migratory cell population that gives rise to eggs and sperm. Much is known about PGC specification, but less about the processes that control PGC migration. In this study, we document a deficiency in PGC development in embryos carrying global homozygous null mutations in Msx1 and Msx2, both immediate downstream effectors of Bmp signaling pathway. We show that Msx1−/−;Msx2−/− mutant embryos have defects in PGC migration as well as a reduced number of PGCs. These phenotypes are also evident in a Mesp1-Cre-mediated mesoderm-specific mutant line of Msx1 and Msx2. Since PGCs are not marked in Mesp1-lineage tracing, our results suggest that Msx1 and Msx2 function cell non-autonomously in directing PGC migration. Consistent with this hypothesis, we noted an upregulation of fibronectin, well known as a mediator of cell migration, in tissues through which PGCs migrate. We also noted a reduction in the expression of Wnt5a and an increase in the expression in Bmp4 in such tissues in Msx1−/−;Msx2−/− mutants, both known effectors of PGC development.
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Cantú AV, Altshuler-Keylin S, Laird DJ. Discrete somatic niches coordinate proliferation and migration of primordial germ cells via Wnt signaling. J Cell Biol 2016; 214:215-29. [PMID: 27402951 PMCID: PMC4949447 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201511061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inheritance depends on the expansion of a small number of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the early embryo. Proliferation of mammalian PGCs is concurrent with their movement through changing microenvironments; however, mechanisms coordinating these conflicting processes remain unclear. Here, we find that PGC proliferation varies by location rather than embryonic age. Ror2 and Wnt5a mutants with mislocalized PGCs corroborate the microenvironmental regulation of the cell cycle, except in the hindgut, where Wnt5a is highly expressed. Molecular and genetic evidence suggests that Wnt5a acts via Ror2 to suppress β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling in PGCs and limit their proliferation in specific locations, which we validate by overactivating β-catenin in PGCs. Our results suggest that the balance between expansion and movement of migratory PGCs is fine-tuned in different niches by the opposing β-catenin-dependent and Ror2-mediated pathways through Wnt5a This could serve as a selective mechanism to favor early and efficient migrators with clonal dominance in the ensuing germ cell pool while penalizing stragglers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea V Cantú
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94043
| | - Svetlana Altshuler-Keylin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94043
| | - Diana J Laird
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94043
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42
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Does murine spermatogenesis require WNT signalling? A lesson from Gpr177 conditional knockout mouse models. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2281. [PMID: 27362799 PMCID: PMC5108341 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Wingless-related MMTV integration site (WNT) proteins and several other components of the WNT signalling pathway are expressed in the murine testes. However, mice mutant for WNT signalling effector β-catenin using different Cre drivers have phenotypes that are inconsistent with each other. The complexity and overlapping expression of WNT signalling cascades have prevented researchers from dissecting their function in spermatogenesis. Depletion of the Gpr177 gene (the mouse orthologue of Drosophila Wntless), which is required for the secretion of various WNTs, makes it possible to genetically dissect the overall effect of WNTs in testis development. In this study, the Gpr177 gene was conditionally depleted in germ cells (Gpr177flox/flox, Mvh-Cre; Gpr177flox/flox, Stra8-Cre) and Sertoli cells (Gpr177flox/flox, Amh-Cre). No obvious defects in fertility and spermatogenesis were observed in these three Gpr177 conditional knockout (cKO) mice at 8 weeks. However, late-onset testicular atrophy and fertility decline in two germ cell-specific Gpr177 deletion mice were noted at 8 months. In contrast, we did not observe any abnormalities of spermatogenesis and fertility, even in 8-month-old Gpr177flox/flox, Amh-Cre mice. Elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected in Gpr177 cKO germ cells and Sertoli cells and exhibited an age-dependent manner. However, significant increase in the activity of Caspase 3 was only observed in germ cells from 8-month-old germ cell-specific Gpr177 knockout mice. In conclusion, GPR177 in Sertoli cells had no apparent influence on spermatogenesis, whereas loss of GPR177 in germ cells disrupted spermatogenesis in an age-dependent manner via elevating ROS levels and triggering germ cell apoptosis.
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Arora R, Abby E, Ross ADJ, Cantu AV, Kissner MD, Castro V, Ho HYH, Livera G, Laird DJ. Meiotic onset is reliant on spatial distribution but independent of germ cell number in the mouse ovary. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:2493-9. [PMID: 27199373 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.189910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse ovarian germ cells enter meiosis in a wave that propagates from anterior to posterior, but little is known about contribution of germ cells to initiation or propagation of meiosis. In a Ror2 mutant with diminished germ cell number and migration, we find that overall timing of meiotic initiation is delayed at the population level. We use chemotherapeutic depletion to exclude a profoundly reduced number of germ cells as a cause for meiotic delay. We rule out sex reversal or failure to specify somatic support cells as contributors to the meiotic phenotype. Instead, we find that anomalies in the distribution of germ cells as well as gonad shape in mutants contribute to aberrant initiation of meiosis. Our analysis supports a model of meiotic initiation via diffusible signal(s), excludes a role for germ cells in commencing the meiotic wave and furnishes the first phenotypic demonstration of the wave of meiotic entry. Finally, our studies underscore the importance of considering germ cell migration defects while studying meiosis to discern secondary effects resulting from positioning versus primary meiotic entry phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ripla Arora
- Department of Ob/Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Emilie Abby
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads; CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG; INSERM, Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem cells and Radiation, UMR-967; University Paris-Sud, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Adam D J Ross
- Department of Ob/Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Andrea V Cantu
- Department of Ob/Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Michael D Kissner
- Department of Ob/Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Vianca Castro
- Department of Ob/Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hsin-Yi Henry Ho
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, 4422 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gabriel Livera
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads; CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG; INSERM, Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem cells and Radiation, UMR-967; University Paris-Sud, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Diana J Laird
- Department of Ob/Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Pariante P, Dotolo R, Venditti M, Ferrara D, Donizetti A, Aniello F, Minucci S. First Evidence of DAAM1 Localization During the Post-Natal Development of Rat Testis and in Mammalian Sperm. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2172-84. [PMID: 26831620 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (DAAM1) is a formin-family protein involved in nucleation of unbranched actin filaments and in cytoskeletal organization through Wnt-Dishevelled PCP pathway, which participates in essential biological processes, such as cell polarity, movement, and adhesion during morphogenesis and organogenesis. While its role has been investigated during development and in somatic cells, its potential association with the germinal compartment and reproduction is still unexplored. In this work, we assessed the possible association of DAAM1 with the morphogenesis of rat testis. We studied its expression and profiled its localization versus actin and tubulin, during the first wave of spermatogenesis and in the adult gonad (from 7 to 60 dpp). We show that, in mitotic phases, DAAM1 shares its localization with actin in Sertoli cells, gonocytes, and spermatogonia. Later, during meiosis, both proteins are found in spermatocytes, while only actin is detectable at the forming blood-testis barrier. DAAM1, then, follows the development of the acrosome system throughout spermiogenesis, and it is finally retained inside the cytoplasmic droplet in mature gametes, as corroborated by additional immunolocalization data on both rat and human sperm. Unlike the DAAM1, actin keeps its localization in Sertoli cells, and tubulin is associated with their protruding cytoplasm during the process. Our data support, for the first time, the hypothesis of a role for DAAM1 in cytoskeletal organization during Mammalian testis morphogenesis and gamete progression, while also hinting at its possible investigation as a morphological marker of germ cell and sperm physiology. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2172-2184, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pariante
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Dotolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Venditti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Diana Ferrara
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Aldo Donizetti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Aniello
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sergio Minucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
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45
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Windley SP, Wilhelm D. Signaling Pathways Involved in Mammalian Sex Determination and Gonad Development. Sex Dev 2016; 9:297-315. [PMID: 26905731 DOI: 10.1159/000444065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of any organ system requires a complex interplay of cellular signals to initiate the differentiation and development of the heterogeneous cell and tissue types required to carry out the organs' functions. In this way, an extracellular stimulus is transmitted to an intracellular target through an array of interacting protein intermediaries, ultimately enabling the target cell to elicit a response. Surprisingly, only a small number of signaling pathways are implicated throughout embryogenesis and are used over and over again. Gonadogenesis is a unique process in that 2 morphologically distinct organs, the testes and ovaries, arise from a common precursor, the bipotential genital ridge. Accordingly, most of the signaling pathways observed throughout embryogenesis also have been shown to be important for mammalian sex determination and gonad development. Here, we review the mechanisms of signal transduction within these pathways and the importance of these pathways throughout mammalian gonad development, mainly concentrating on data obtained in mouse but including other species where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Windley
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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46
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De Felici M. The Formation and Migration of Primordial Germ Cells in Mouse and Man. Results Probl Cell Differ 2016; 58:23-46. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31973-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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47
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Wnt signaling in testis development: Unnecessary or essential? Gene 2015; 565:155-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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48
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White J, Mazzeu J, Hoischen A, Jhangiani S, Gambin T, Alcino M, Penney S, Saraiva J, Hove H, Skovby F, Kayserili H, Estrella E, Vulto-van Silfhout A, Steehouwer M, Muzny D, Sutton V, Gibbs R, Lupski J, Brunner H, van Bon B, Carvalho C, Carvalho CMB. DVL1 frameshift mutations clustering in the penultimate exon cause autosomal-dominant Robinow syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:612-22. [PMID: 25817016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Robinow syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by mesomelic limb shortening, genital hypoplasia, and distinctive facial features and for which both autosomal-recessive and autosomal-dominant inheritance patterns have been described. Causative variants in the non-canonical signaling gene WNT5A underlie a subset of autosomal-dominant Robinow syndrome (DRS) cases, but most individuals with DRS remain without a molecular diagnosis. We performed whole-exome sequencing in four unrelated DRS-affected individuals without coding mutations in WNT5A and found heterozygous DVL1 exon 14 mutations in three of them. Targeted Sanger sequencing in additional subjects with DRS uncovered DVL1 exon 14 mutations in five individuals, including a pair of monozygotic twins. In total, six distinct frameshift mutations were found in eight subjects, and all were heterozygous truncating variants within the penultimate exon of DVL1. In five families in which samples from unaffected parents were available, the variants were demonstrated to represent de novo mutations. All variant alleles are predicted to result in a premature termination codon within the last exon, escape nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), and most likely generate a C-terminally truncated protein with a distinct -1 reading-frame terminus. Study of the transcripts extracted from affected subjects' leukocytes confirmed expression of both wild-type and variant alleles, supporting the hypothesis that mutant mRNA escapes NMD. Genomic variants identified in our study suggest that truncation of the C-terminal domain of DVL1, a protein hypothesized to have a downstream role in the Wnt-5a non-canonical pathway, is a common cause of DRS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudia M B Carvalho
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte MG 30190-002, Brazil.
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49
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Gilchrist GC, Kurjanowicz P, Mereilles FV, King WA, LaMarre J. Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity in Bovine Pre-implantation EmbryosIn Vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 50:58-67. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- GC Gilchrist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
| | - P Kurjanowicz
- Department of Physiology (Reproductive & Development Platform); University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - FV Mereilles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - WA King
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
| | - J LaMarre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
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50
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Wainwright EN, Svingen T, Ng ET, Wicking C, Koopman P. Primary cilia function regulates the length of the embryonic trunk axis and urogenital field in mice. Dev Biol 2014; 395:342-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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