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Wasim R, Singh A, Islam A, Mohammed S, Anwar A, Mahmood T. High Mobility Group Box 1 and Cardiovascular Diseases: Study of Act and Connect. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:1268-1286. [PMID: 39242448 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09919-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the deadly disease that can result in sudden death, and inflammation plays an important role in its onset and progression. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that regulates transcription, DNA replication, repair, and nucleosome assembly. HMGB1 is released passively by necrotic tissues and actively secreted by stressed cells. Extracellular HMGB1 functions as a damage associated molecular patterns molecule, producing numerous redox forms that induce a range of cellular responses by binding to distinct receptors and interactors, including tissue inflammation and regeneration. Extracellular HMGB1 inhibition reduces inflammation and is protective in experimental models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion damage, myocarditis, cardiomyopathies caused by mechanical stress, diabetes, bacterial infection, or chemotherapeutic drugs. HMGB1 administration following a myocardial infarction followed by permanent coronary artery ligation improves cardiac function by stimulating tissue regeneration. HMGB1 inhibits contractility and produces hypertrophy and death in cardiomyocytes, while also stimulating cardiac fibroblast activity and promoting cardiac stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Maintaining normal nuclear HMGB1 levels, interestingly, protects cardiomyocytes from apoptosis by limiting DNA oxidative stress, and mice with HMGB1cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression are partially protected from cardiac injury. Finally, elevated levels of circulating HMGB1 have been linked to human heart disease. As a result, following cardiac damage, HMGB1 elicits both detrimental and helpful responses, which may be due to the formation and stability of the various redox forms, the particular activities of which in this context are mostly unknown. This review covers recent findings in HMGB1 biology and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufaida Wasim
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Aditya Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Anas Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Saad Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Aamir Anwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Tarique Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
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Costanzo V, Ratre YK, Andretta E, Acharya R, Bhaskar LVKS, Verma HK. A Comprehensive Review of Cancer Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Blood Cancer Patients: Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Strategies. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:465-495. [PMID: 38372853 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Cardiotoxicity has emerged as a serious outcome catalyzed by various therapeutic targets in the field of cancer treatment, which includes chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies. The growing significance of cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity (CDIC) and radiation-induced cardiotoxicity (CRIC) necessitates immediate attention. This article intricately unveils how cancer treatments cause cardiotoxicity, which is exacerbated by patient-specific risks. In particular, drugs like anthracyclines, alkylating agents, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors pose a risk, along with factors such as hypertension and diabetes. Mechanistic insights into oxidative stress and topoisomerase-II-B inhibition are crucial, while cardiac biomarkers show early damage. Timely intervention and prompt treatment, especially with specific agents like dexrazoxane and beta-blockers, are pivotal in the proactive management of CDIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Costanzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Andretta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rakesh Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Lungs Health and Immunity, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Neuherberg, 85764, Munich, Germany.
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Bagheri B, Khatibiyan Feyzabadi Z, Nouri A, Azadfallah A, Mahdizade Ari M, Hemmati M, Darban M, Alavi Toosi P, Banihashemian SZ. Atherosclerosis and Toll-Like Receptor4 (TLR4), Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-1 (LOX-1), and Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type9 (PCSK9). Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:5830491. [PMID: 38445291 PMCID: PMC10914434 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5830491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death in the world. A significant body of evidence suggests that inflammation and various players are implicated and have pivotal roles in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is linked with different stages of atherosclerosis. This receptor is highly expressed in the endothelial cells (ECs) and atherosclerotic plaques. TLR4 activation can lead to the production of inflammatory cytokines and related responses. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein-1 (LOX-1), an integral membrane glycoprotein with widespread expression on the ECs, is involved in atherosclerosis and has some common pathways with TLR4 in atherosclerotic lesions. In addition, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type9 (PCSK9), which is a regulatory enzyme with different roles in cholesterol uptake, is implicated in atherosclerosis. At present, TLR4, PCSK9, and LOX-1 are increasingly acknowledged as key players in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we presented the current evidence on the structure, functions, and roles of TLR4, PCSK9, and LOX-1 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahador Bagheri
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Ahmad Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Azadfallah
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahyar Mahdizade Ari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Maral Hemmati
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Darban
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kowsar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Parisa Alavi Toosi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Huang Y, Guan Q, Zhang Z, Wang P, Li C. Oleacein: A comprehensive review of its extraction, purification, absorption, metabolism, and health effects. Food Chem 2024; 433:137334. [PMID: 37660602 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in high-risk groups and the polyphenols in EVOO play an important health effect on it. As one of the most abundant polyphenols in EVOO, oleacein (OLEA) has many health benefits. However, there is no review article that focus comprehensively on OLEA, and most articles have limited data and information on OLEA. The purpose of this review is to summarize the results of all available studies, to present and compare the main traditional and novel techniques for the extraction and isolation and purification of OLEA, to elucidate the absorption and metabolic pathways of OLEA, and finally, to illustrate the health-promoting properties. Hopefully, this review can promote the use of OLEA in functional foods and therapeutic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingyun Guan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhuoya Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pengxiang Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
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O'Grady SM, Kita H. ATP functions as a primary alarmin in allergen-induced type 2 immunity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1369-C1386. [PMID: 37842751 PMCID: PMC10861152 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00370.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental allergens that interact with the airway epithelium can activate cellular stress pathways that lead to the release of danger signals known as alarmins. The mechanisms of alarmin release are distinct from damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which typically escape from cells after loss of plasma membrane integrity. Oxidative stress represents a form of allergen-induced cellular stress that stimulates oxidant-sensing mechanisms coupled to pathways, which facilitate alarmin mobilization and efflux across the plasma membrane. In this review, we highlight examples of alarmin release and discuss their roles in the initiation of type 2 immunity and allergic airway inflammation. In addition, we discuss the concept of alarmin amplification, where "primary" alarmins, which are directly released in response to a specific cellular stress, stimulate additional signaling pathways that lead to secretion of "secondary" alarmins that include proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-33, as well as genomic and mitochondrial DNA that coordinate or amplify type 2 immunity. Accordingly, allergen-evoked cellular stress can elicit a hierarchy of alarmin signaling responses from the airway epithelium that trigger local innate immune reactions, impact adaptive immunity, and exacerbate diseases including asthma and other chronic inflammatory conditions that affect airway function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M O'Grady
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Hirohito Kita
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States
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Rando MM, Biscetti F, Cecchini AL, Nardella E, Nicolazzi MA, Angelini F, Iezzi R, Eraso LH, Dimuzio PJ, Pitocco D, Gasbarrini A, Massetti M, Flex A. Serum high mobility group box-1 levels associated with cardiovascular events after lower extremity revascularization: a prospective study of a diabetic population. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:214. [PMID: 36244983 PMCID: PMC9571458 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one of the most disabling cardiovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is indeed associated with a high risk of cardiovascular and limb adverse events. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) is a nuclear protein involved in the inflammatory response that acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine when released into the extracellular space. HMBG-1 is associated with PAD in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum HMGB-1 levels and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE) after lower-extremity endovascular revascularization (LER) in a group of diabetic patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Methods We conducted a prospective observational study of 201 diabetic patients with PAD and CLTI requiring LER. Baseline serum HMGB-1 levels were determined before endovascular procedure. Data on cardiovascular and limb outcomes were collected in a 12-month follow-up. Results During the follow-up period, 81 cases of MACE and 93 cases of MALE occurred. Patients who subsequently developed MACE and MALE had higher serum HMGB-1 levels. Specifically, 7.5 ng/mL vs 4.9 ng/mL (p < 0.01) for MACE and 7.2 ng/mL vs 4.8 ng/mL (p < 0.01) for MALE. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the association between serum HMGB-1 levels and cardiovascular outcomes remained significant in multivariable analysis. In our receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, serum HMGB-1 levels were a good predictor of MACE incidence (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.78) and MALE incidence (AUC = 0.75). Conclusions This study demonstrates that serum HMGB-1 levels are associated with the incidence of MACE and MALE after LER in diabetic populations with PAD and CLTI.
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Su L, Qi Z, Guan S, Wei L, Zhao Y. Exploring the risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: A single-center case-control study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:978910. [PMID: 36238309 PMCID: PMC9552613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.978910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesIschemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD) is one of the most common and severe complications in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We aim to explore the risk factors for ICVD in SLE and to assess their associated clinical characteristics.MethodsIn this study, 44 lupus patients with ICVD (ICVD-SLE) and 80 age- and sex-matched lupus patients without ICVD (non-ICVD-SLE) who were hospitalized in our center between 2014 and 2021 were enrolled. A comprehensive set of clinical and socio-demographic data was recorded. In the ICVD-SLE group, the modified Rankin score (mRS) at 90 days after the occurrence of ICVD, the brain MRI, and arterial ultrasonography findings were collected. Group comparisons were made with continuous variables using an independent t-test or the Mann–Whitney test, and with categorical variables using the chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for ICVD in SLE. Patients with ICVD-SLE were divided into three subgroups according to the gradations of intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS). The subgroup comparisons were performed by one-way ANOVA test or Kruskal–Wallis test.ResultsOf the 44 patients with ICVD, 45% had a large-vessel ischemic stroke, 50% had a symptomatic lacunar stroke, and 9% had a transient ischemic attack. 2 (4.5%) had both large-vessel ischemic stroke and symptomatic lacunar stroke. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cutaneous vasculitis (OR=7.36, 95% CI=2.11–25.65), anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) (OR=4.38, 95% CI=1.435–13.350), and lupus anticoagulant (LA) (OR=7.543,95% CI=1.789–31.808) were the risk factors, and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy (OR=0.198, 95% CI=0.078–0.502) was the protective factor, after controlling for confounders. During the analysis of the subgroups, no significant difference was observed between the patients in the group without internal carotid arterial occlusion (ICAS) and those with severe ICAS except for diagnostic delay. However, patients in the moderate ICAS group were older when SLE occurred (P<0.01), had a longer diagnostic delay (P<0.01), a lower percentage of hypocomplementemia (P=0.05) and steroids and HCQ therapy (P=0.01, P=0.05, respectively), a trend toward lower mRS score, but a higher incidence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque (P<0.01), when compared with the other two subgroups.ConclusionCutaneous vasculitis and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are associated with an increased risk of ICVD, while HCQ therapy may provide protection against ICVD in SLE. The ICVD in younger lupus patients is associated with complement-mediated inflammation and poorer outcome, and require immunosuppressive therapy, whereas the ICVD in elderly patients are characterized by moderate ICAS and carotid atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Qi
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaochen Guan
- Evidence-Based Medical Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhao,
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Jang EJ, Kim H, Baek SE, Jeon EY, Kim JW, Kim JY, Kim CD. HMGB1 increases RAGE expression in vascular smooth muscle cells via ERK and p-38 MAPK-dependent pathways. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:389-396. [PMID: 36039739 PMCID: PMC9437367 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.5.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The increased expression of receptors for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) is known as a key player in the progression of vascular remodeling. However, the precise signal pathways regulating RAGE expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the injured vasculatures are unclear. Given the importance of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in cell proliferation, we investigated the importance of MAPK signaling in high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-induced RAGE expression in VSMCs. In HMGB1 (100 ng/ml)-stimulated human VSMCs, the expression of RAGE mRNA and protein was increased in association with an increase in AGE-induced VSMC proliferation. The HMGB1-induced RAGE expression was attenuated in cells pretreated with inhibitors for ERK (PD98059, 10 μM) and p38 MAPK (SB203580, 10 μM) as well as in cells deficient in ERK and p38 MAPK using siRNAs, but not in cells deficient of JNK signaling. In cells stimulated with HMGB1, the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK was increased. This increase in ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation was inhibited by p38 MAPK and ERK inhibitors, respectively, but not by JNK inhibitor. Moreover, AGE-induced VSMC proliferation in HMGB1-stimulated cells was attenuated in cells treated with ERK and p38 MAPK inhibitors. Taken together, our results indicate that ERK and p38 MAPK signaling are involved in RAGE expression in HMGB1-stimulated VSMCs. Thus, the ERK/p38 MAPK-RAGE signaling axis in VSMCs was suggested as a potential therapeutic target for vascular remodeling in the injured vasculatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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Aftermath of AGE-RAGE Cascade in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular ailments. Life Sci 2022; 307:120860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hong J, Zhang M, He Y, Jin Y, He Q, Zhang Y, Shi X, Tian W, Wen C, Chen J. Qinghao-Biejia Herb Pair Alleviates Pristane-Induced Lupus-Like Disease and Associated Renal and Aortic Lesions in ApoE−/− Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:897669. [PMID: 35571092 PMCID: PMC9100684 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.897669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease involving multiple systems with a high prevalence of nephritis and atherosclerosis. Jieduquyuziyin prescription is a famous prescription with immune modulating and inflammation controlling effects, which is efficacious in the treatment of SLE. The most critical herbs in this prescription are Qinghao and Biejia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Qinghao-Biejia herb hair (QB) on mice with SLE combined with atherosclerosis.Materials and Methods: The effect of QB (identification using UPLC-TOF-MS) was assessed in female ApoE−/− mice intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 ml of pristane. Serum autoantibodies and lipid metabolic parameters were tested every 4 weeks, and spleen index, serum inflammatory biomarkers, renal injury, and aortic injury were observed after 16 weeks. The expression of signaling pathway in kidney tissues was observed by RT-qPCR and Western blot.Results: The mice of QB-treated group exhibited a significant reduced serum autoantibodies level, urine protein, and renal immune complex deposition. QB treatment reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and improved the renal pathological changes. In addition, there was a reduction in aortic atheromatous plaque and some improvement in dyslipidemia. Moreover, QB suppressed the expression of HMGB1, TLR4, and MyD88 to some extent.Conclusion: The present study implied that QB has clear efficacy for the treatment of SLE combined with atherosclerosis, and that inhibition of the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway may be one of the therapeutic targets of QB for SLE combined with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaze Hong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanfang He
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Jin
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqi He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyu Tian
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Juan Chen, ; Chengping Wen,
| | - Juan Chen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Juan Chen, ; Chengping Wen,
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Gaboriaud C, Lorvellec M, Rossi V, Dumestre-Pérard C, Thielens NM. Complement System and Alarmin HMGB1 Crosstalk: For Better or Worse. Front Immunol 2022; 13:869720. [PMID: 35572583 PMCID: PMC9095977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our immune system responds to infectious (PAMPs) and tissue damage (DAMPs) signals. The complement system and alarmin High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) are two powerful soluble actors of human host defense and immune surveillance. These systems involve molecular cascades and amplification loops for their signaling or activation. Initially activated as alarm raising systems, their function can be finally switched towards inflammation resolution, where they sustain immune maturation and orchestrate repair mechanisms, opening the way back to homeostasis. However, when getting out of control, these defense systems can become deleterious and trigger serious cellular and tissue damage. Therefore, they can be considered as double-edged swords. The close interaction between the complement and HMGB1 pathways is described here, as well as their traditional and non-canonical roles, their functioning at different locations and their independent and collective impact in different systems both in health and disease. Starting from these systems and interplay at the molecular level (when elucidated), we then provide disease examples to better illustrate the signs and consequences of their roles and interaction, highlighting their importance and possible vicious circles in alarm raising and inflammation, both individually or in combination. Although this integrated view may open new therapeutic strategies, future challenges have to be faced because of the remaining unknowns regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the fragile molecular balance which can drift towards disease or return to homeostasis, as briefly discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chantal Dumestre-Pérard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Kim JO, Baek SE, Jeon EY, Choi JM, Jang EJ, Kim CD. PDGFR-β signaling mediates HMGB1 release in mechanically stressed vascular smooth muscle cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265191. [PMID: 35294955 PMCID: PMC8926240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanically stressed vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have potential roles in the development of vascular complications. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Using VSMCs cultured from rat thoracic aorta explants, we investigated the effects of mechanical stretch (MS) on the cellular secretion of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a major damage-associated molecular pattern that mediates vascular complications in stressed vasculature. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated an increase in the secretion of HMGB1 in VSMCs stimulated with MS (0–3% strain, 60 cycles/min), and this secretion was markedly and time-dependently increased at 3% MS. The increased secretion of HMGB1 at 3% MS was accompanied by an increased cytosolic translocation of nuclear HMGB1; the acetylated and phosphorylated forms of this protein were significantly increased. Among various inhibitors of membrane receptors mediating mechanical signals, AG1295 (a platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) inhibitor) attenuated MS-induced HMGB1 secretion. Inhibitors of other receptors, including epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor receptors, did not inhibit this secretion. Additionally, MS-induced HMGB1 secretion was markedly attenuated in PDGFR-β-deficient cells but not in cells transfected with PDGFR-α siRNA. Likewise, PDGF-DD, but not PDGF-AA, directly increased HMGB1 secretion in VSMCs, indicating a pivotal role of PDGFR-β signaling in the secretion of this protein in VSMCs. Thus, targeting PDGFR-β-mediated secretion of HMGB1 in VSMCs might be a promising therapeutic strategy for vascular complications associated with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji On Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Choi
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jang
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Elnaggar M, Hasan ML, Bhang SH, Joung YK. Endothelial Cell-Derived Tethered Lipid Bilayers Generating Nitric Oxide for Endovascular Implantation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6381-6393. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elnaggar
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Lemon Hasan
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305−333, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305−333, Republic of Korea
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Wang J, Li H, Xia T, Feng J, Zhou R. Pulmonary arterial hypertension and flavonoids: A role in treatment. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2021; 64:115-124. [PMID: 34169916 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_25_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a high mortality progressive pulmonary vascular disease that can lead to right heart failure. The use of clinical drugs for the treatment of PAH is limited to a great extent because of its single target and high price. Flavonoids are widely distributed in nature, and have been found in fruits, vegetables, and traditional Chinese medicine. They have diverse biological activities and various pharmacological effects such as antitumor, antioxidation, and anti-inflammatory. This review summarizes the progress in pharmacodynamics and mechanism of flavonoids in the treatment of PAH in recent years, in order to provide some theoretical references for relevant researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hailong Li
- The Third People's Hospital of Ningxia, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ru Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy; Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education; Ningxia Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Biscetti F, Tinelli G, Rando MM, Nardella E, Cecchini AL, Angelini F, Straface G, Filipponi M, Arena V, Pitocco D, Gasbarrini A, Massetti M, Flex A. Association between carotid plaque vulnerability and high mobility group box-1 serum levels in a diabetic population. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:114. [PMID: 34044825 PMCID: PMC8161555 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carotid atherosclerosis represents one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. In particular, plaque instability contributes to disease progression and stroke incidence. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein involved in promotion and progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between HMGB1 serum levels, main inflammatory cytokines, the presence of internal carotid stenosis and unstable plaque in a diabetic population. Research design and methods We studied 873 diabetic patients, including 347 patients with internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) who underwent carotid endarterectomy and 526 diabetic patients without internal carotid artery stenosis (WICAS). At baseline, HMGB1 and the main inflammatory cytokines serum levels were evaluated. For ICAS patients, the histological features of carotid plaque were also collected to differentiate them in patients with stable or unstable atherosclerotic lesions. Results We found that HMGB1 serum levels, osteoprotegerin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, were significantly higher in diabetic ICAS patients compared to diabetic WICAS patients. Among ICAS patients, individuals with unstable plaque had higher levels of these cytokines, compared to patients with stable plaque. A multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that HMGB1 and osteoprotegerin remained independently associated with unstable plaque in ICAS patients. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that HMGB1 is an independent risk factor for carotid plaque vulnerability in an Italian population with diabetes mellitus, representing a promising biomarker of carotid plaque instability and a possible molecular target to treat unstable carotid plaques and to prevent stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy. .,Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Roma, Italy. .,Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Tinelli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Vascular Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Margherita Rando
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Nardella
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Flavia Angelini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Straface
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. M. Goretti Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Arena
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Cardiovascular Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Roma, Italy.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
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16
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High-mobility group box 1 serves as an inflammation driver of cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111555. [PMID: 33865014 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most deadly disease, which can cause sudden death, in which inflammation is a key factor in its occurrence and development. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel nuclear DNA-binding protein that activates innate immunity to induce inflammation in CVD. HMGB1 exists in the cytoplasm and nucleus of different cell types, including those in the heart. By binding to its receptors, HMGB1 triggers a variety of signaling cascades, leading to inflammation and CVD. To help develop HMGB1-targeted therapies, here we discuss HMGB1 and its biological functions, receptors, signaling pathways, and pathophysiology related to inflammation and CVD, including cardiac remodeling, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy.
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Ghaffari S, Jang E, Naderinabi F, Sanwal R, Khosraviani N, Wang C, Steinberg BE, Goldenberg NM, Ikeda J, Lee WL. Endothelial HMGB1 Is a Critical Regulator of LDL Transcytosis via an SREBP2-SR-BI Axis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:200-216. [PMID: 33054399 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE LDL (low-density lipoprotein) transcytosis across the endothelium is performed by the SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B type 1) receptor and contributes to atherosclerosis. HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1) is a structural protein in the nucleus that is released by cells during inflammation; extracellular HMGB1 has been implicated in advanced disease. Whether intracellular HMGB1 regulates LDL transcytosis through its nuclear functions is unknown. Approach and Results: HMGB1 was depleted by siRNA in human coronary artery endothelial cells, and transcytosis of LDL was measured by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Knockdown of HMGB1 attenuated LDL transcytosis without affecting albumin transcytosis. Loss of HMGB1 resulted in reduction in SR-BI levels and depletion of SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2)-a transcription factor upstream of SR-BI. The effect of HMGB1 depletion on LDL transcytosis required SR-BI and SREBP2. Overexpression of HMGB1 caused an increase in LDL transcytosis that was unaffected by inhibition of extracellular HMGB1 or depletion of RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation endproducts)-a cell surface receptor for HMGB1. The effect of HMGB1 overexpression on LDL transcytosis was prevented by knockdown of SREBP2. Loss of HMGB1 caused a reduction in the half-life of SREBP2; incubation with LDL caused a significant increase in nuclear localization of HMGB1 that was dependent on SR-BI. Animals lacking endothelial HMGB1 exhibited less acute accumulation of LDL in the aorta 30 minutes after injection and when fed a high-fat diet developed fewer fatty streaks and less atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial HMGB1 regulates LDL transcytosis by prolonging the half-life of SREBP2, enhancing SR-BI expression. Translocation of HMGB1 to the nucleus in response to LDL requires SR-BI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Ghaffari
- Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada (S.G., F.N.N., R.S., N.K., C.W., W.L.L.)
| | - Erika Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (E.J., R.S., W.L.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Farnoosh Naderinabi
- Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada (S.G., F.N.N., R.S., N.K., C.W., W.L.L.)
| | - Rajiv Sanwal
- Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada (S.G., F.N.N., R.S., N.K., C.W., W.L.L.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (E.J., R.S., W.L.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Negar Khosraviani
- Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada (S.G., F.N.N., R.S., N.K., C.W., W.L.L.)
| | - Changsen Wang
- Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada (S.G., F.N.N., R.S., N.K., C.W., W.L.L.)
| | | | | | - Jiro Ikeda
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (J.I.)
| | - Warren L Lee
- Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada (S.G., F.N.N., R.S., N.K., C.W., W.L.L.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (E.J., R.S., W.L.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry (W.L.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
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18
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Sun YD, Zhang H, Chen YQ, Wu CX, Zhang JB, Xu HR, Liu JZ, Han JJ. HMGB1, the Next Predictor of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer? Front Oncol 2020; 10:572418. [PMID: 33473353 PMCID: PMC7812918 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.572418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HMGB1 is an important mediator of inflammation during ischemia-reperfusion injury on organs. The serum expression of HMGB1 was increased significantly on the 1st day after TACE and decreased significantly which was lower on the 30th day after TACE. Tumor markers of post-DEB-TACE decreased significantly. The correlational analysis showed that patients with low HMGB1 expression had lower risks of fever and liver injury compared those with the higher expression, while the ORR is relatively worse. Patients with lower expression of HMGB1 had longer PFS, better efficacy, and higher quality of life. With the high post-expression, the low expression had lower incidence of fever and liver injury too. There was no statistical difference in the one-year survival among the different groups. The quality of life of all patients was improved significantly. The over-expression of HMGB1 in LMCRC is an adverse prognostic feature and a positive predictor of response to TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-dong Sun
- Interventional Medicine Department, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Interventional Medicine Department, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Ye-qiang Chen
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji’nan, China
| | - Chun-xue Wu
- Interventional Medicine Department, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Ji’nan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Jian-bo Zhang
- Interventional Medicine Department, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Hui-rong Xu
- Interventional Medicine Department, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Jing-zhou Liu
- Interventional Medicine Department, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Jian-jun Han
- Interventional Medicine Department, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
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Czepiel J, Biesiada G, Pitera E, Wołkow PP, Michalak M, Garlicki A. Decreased Expression of the High Mobility Group Box 1 ( HMGB1) Gene in Peripheral Blood in Patients with Mild or Moderate Clostridioides difficile Infection. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081217. [PMID: 32796569 PMCID: PMC7464922 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are mediators of inflammation induced in the course of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a cytokine playing an important role in the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the HMGB1 gene expression in the course of CDI. We have performed a prospective case-control study- including 55 adult patients, among them 27 with CDI, who were hospitalized from October 2018 to February 2020 and 28 healthy volunteers. We assessed: a complete blood count with differential leukocyte count, blood creatinine, albumin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Then, the expression of the HMGB1 gene was evaluated using quantitative Real-Time PCR. Patients with CDI were found to have a significant increase in white blood cells (WBC), neutrophil count, and CRP levels, they also exhibited decreased levels of albumin compared with controls. The HMGB1 gene expression was significantly lower among patients with CDI compared with the control group and significantly, inversely correlated with CRP level in blood. In conclusion, we have observed a decreased expression of the HMGB1 gene in peripheral blood of patients with mild or moderate CDI, which hypothetically could reflect their diminished capability to fight the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Czepiel
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-124-002022/17
| | - Grażyna Biesiada
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Ewelina Pitera
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland; (E.P.); (P.P.W.)
| | - Paweł P. Wołkow
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland; (E.P.); (P.P.W.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Aleksander Garlicki
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.G.)
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Zhou DM, Ran F, Ni HZ, Sun LL, Xiao L, Li XQ, Li WD. Metformin inhibits high glucose-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5352-5361. [PMID: 32208365 PMCID: PMC7138554 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the protective effects and mechanism of action of metformin on high glucose-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were subjected to a series of concentrations (0-10 mM) of metformin. CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays were performed. Correlations between metformin concentration and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and miR-142-3p levels were assessed. In addition, miR-142-3p mimic and siRNA were used to investigate VSMC migration in the presence or absence of metformin. In the high-glucose condition, metformin decreased cell growth and inhibited cell migration. HMGB1 gene expression correlated negatively with metformin concentration, whereas miR-142-3p expression correlated positively with metformin concentration. In addition, mimic-induced miR-142-3p elevation resulted in decreased HMGB1 and LC3II levels and elevated p62 levels in the high-glucose condition, whereas miR-142-3p knockdown had the reverse effects, and metformin abolished those effects. Metformin inhibits high glucose–induced VSMC hyperproliferation and increased migration by inducing miR-142-3p-mediated inhibition of HMGB1 expression via the HMGB1-autophagy related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ming Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Ran
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Zhen Ni
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lun Xiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu, China
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HOTTIP knockdown inhibits cell proliferation and migration via regulating miR-490-3p/HMGB1 axis and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. Life Sci 2020; 248:117445. [PMID: 32081664 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common cardiovascular disease with complicated pathogenesis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be associated with AS progression. We aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanism of HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) in AS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of HOTTIP, miR-490-3p and high mobility group B 1 (HMGB1) in AS patients' sera and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) induced human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and transwell assay were conducted to evaluate the proliferation and migration of HA-VSMCs, respectively. Western blot assay was carried out to determine the levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metalloprotein 2 (MMP2), MMP9 and HMGB1. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were conducted to verify the targeting association between HOTTIP and miR-490-3p, as well as miR-490-3p and HMGB1. KEY FINDINGS HOTTIP and HMGB1 were upregulated and miR-490-3p was downregulated in the sera of AS patients and ox-LDL-stimulated HA-VSMCs. HOTTIP knockdown suppressed ox-LDL induced proliferation and migration in HA-VSMCs. MiR-490-3p was identified as a target of HOTTIP and HOTTIP overexpression abolished the inhibition on cell proliferation and migration mediated by miR-490-3p in ox-LDL-induced HA-VSMCs. Moreover, miR-490-3p inhibition promoted cell proliferation and migration by directly targeting HMGB1 in ox-LDL-induced HA-VSMCs. Besides, HOTTIP knockdown repressed the activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. SIGNIFICANCE HOTTIP knockdown suppressed cell proliferation and migration by regulating miR-490-3p/HMGB1 axis and PI3K-AKT pathway in ox-LDL-induced HA-VSMCs.
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Huang Q, Shen S, Qu H, Huang Y, Wu D, Jiang H, Yuan C. Expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus patients with seizure disorders. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:9. [PMID: 32055600 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.12.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous studies show that the high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) participate in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The two molecules contribute to the occurrence and persistence of seizures in various disease conditions, such as epilepsy. Since seizures are one of the most severe complications associated with neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), the current study aimed at investigating whether HMGB1 and TLR4 play any role in NPSLE related seizures. Methods Data from 291 SLE patients and 100 healthy controls (HC) were prospectively collected from 2013 to 2018. The ELISA test was used to determine serum levels of HMGB1 for all patients and HC and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of NPSLE patients. The expression levels of TLR4 by the peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) were determined by real-time PCR of TLR4 mRNA. Binary logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were used to predict NPSLE. Results Among the 291 SLE patients, 188 had active disease and were grouped into two, NPSLE (N=86) and Non-NPSLE (N=102) groups. Among the NPSLE patients, 21 had seizure disorders. Serum HMGB1 levels were increased in NPSLE (8.73±0.29 ng/mL) and were associated with disease activity (r=0.6527, P=0.000). Both serum and CSF HMGB1 levels in NPSLE patients with seizure disorders (9.59±0.63 and 2.90±2.29 ng/mL, respectively) were higher than in patients with other neuropsychiatric symptoms (8.45±0.33 and 2.56±1.70 ng/mL, respectively), though without significance. The gene expression of mRNA TLR4 in PBMCs was similar to serum HMGB1 in the investigated groups. Independent predictors of NPSLE were SLEDAI-2k (OR 1.25; 95% CI: 1.155-1.353), serum HMGB1 (OR 1.659; 95% CI: 1.266-2.175), and anti-Rib-P Ab (OR 3.296; 95% CI: 1.013-10.725). ROC curves for the above predictors had a large AUC (95% CI) of 0.936 (0.900-0.971), indicating a good prediction of NPSLE occurrence. Conclusions The expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 was increased in NPSLE, but HMGB1 and TLR4 had minimal effect on NPSLE related seizures. The serum levels of HMGB1 were positively correlated with disease activity, and could, therefore, be a potential biomarker of NPSLE for use in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuqun Shen
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hang Qu
- First Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu Huang
- First Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Danni Wu
- Second Clinical Medicine College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haishan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Center for Basic Medical Research & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300457, China.,Postdoctoral Station, Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
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Elnaggar MA, Han DK, Joung YK. Nitric oxide releasing lipid bilayer tethered on titanium and its effects on vascular cells. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Wang R, Wu W, Li W, Huang S, Li Z, Liu R, Shan Z, Zhang C, Li W, Wang S. Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Promotes Foam Cell Formation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Atherogenesis Via HMGB1. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e008596. [PMID: 30371306 PMCID: PMC6404867 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.008596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed at investigating whether NLRP3 (the Nod like receptor family, pyrin domain‐containing 3 protein) inflammasome activation induced HMGB1 (high mobility group box‐1 protein) secretion and foam cell formation in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Methods and Results VSMCs or ApoE−/− mice were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and/or ATP or LPS and high‐fat diet to induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation. HMGB1 distribution and foam cell formation in VSMCs were characterized. Liver X receptor α and ATP‐binding cassette transporter expression were determined. The impact of NLRP3 or receptor for advanced glycation end product silencing, ZYVAD‐FMK (caspase‐1 inhibitor), glycyrrhizin (HMGB1 inhibitor) or receptor for advanced glycation end product antagonist peptide on HMGB1 secretion, foam cell formation, liver X receptor α and ATP‐binding cassette transporter expression was examined. Expression level of HMGB1 in human atherosclerosis obliterans arterial tissues was characterized. Our results found that NLRP3 inflammasome activation promoted foam cell formation and HMGB1 secretion in VSMCs. Extracellular HMGB1 was a key signal molecule in inflammasome activation‐mediated foam cell formation. Furthermore, inflammasome activation‐induced HMGB1 activity and foam cell formation were achieved by receptor for advanced glycation end product/liver X receptor α /ATP‐binding cassette transporter glycyrrhizin. Experiments in vivo found glycyrrhizin significantly attenuated the LPS/high‐fat diet‐induced atherosclerosis and serum HMGB1 levels in mice. Finally, levels of HMGB1 and NLRP3 were increased in tunica media adjacent to intima of atherosclerosis obliteran arteries. Conclusions Our results revealed that HMGB1 is a key downstream signal molecule of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and plays an important role in VSMCs foam cell formation and atherogenesis by downregulating liver X receptor α and ATP‐binding cassette transporter expression through receptor for advanced glycation end product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- 1 Division of Vascular Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Weibin Wu
- 1 Division of Vascular Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Wen Li
- 1 Division of Vascular Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shuichuan Huang
- 1 Division of Vascular Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zilun Li
- 1 Division of Vascular Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Ruiming Liu
- 2 Laboratory of General Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhen Shan
- 1 Division of Vascular Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham AL
| | - Wen Li
- 2 Laboratory of General Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shenming Wang
- 1 Division of Vascular Surgery Guangdong Key Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Disease First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China.,3 Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham AL
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Gao W, Cui H, Li Q, Zhong H, Yu J, Li P, He X. Upregulation of microRNA-218 reduces cardiac microvascular endothelial cells injury induced by coronary artery disease through the inhibition of HMGB1. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3079-3095. [PMID: 31566720 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study is performed to examine the impacts of microRNA-218 (miR-218) on cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) injury induced by coronary artery disease (CAD). Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was applied for detecting miR-218 expression in serum of patients with CAD and healthy controls, and the correlation between miR-218 expression and the clinical indexes such as creatine kinase, creatine kinase-myocardial band, cardiac troponin I, and coronary Gensini score was analyzed. CMECs were coincubated with homocysteine for 24 hr for CMECs injury, and the cells were transfected with miR-218 mimics or miR-218 inhibitors. Besides, we used oxidized low density lipoprotein as an inducer to incubate with CMECs for 24 hr, and the model of CMECs injury was established to be transfected with miR-218 mimics. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis were used to detect miR-218 and HMGB1 expression in CMECs. A series of experiments were used to determine cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis ability of CMECs. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and inflammatory factor contents were measured. The obtained results suggested that miR-218 expression in peripheral blood of patients with CAD descended substantially versus that of healthy controls. Low miR-218 expression was found in CAD-induced CMECs injury. Overexpressed miR-218 promoted the proliferation, migration, angiogenesis ability, induced apoptosis, and alleviated the inflammatory injury of CAD-induced CMECs. miR-218 may negatively regulate the expression of HMGB1 in CAD. This study demonstrates that upregulation of miR-218 reduces CMECs injury induced by CAD through the inhibition of HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular, Hangzhouwan Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hanbin Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular, No. 1 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qianjun Li
- Department of Respiratory, No. 2 Hospital Yinzhou County, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hai Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 2 Hospital Yinzhou County, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Department of Pathology, No. 2 Hospital Yinzhou County, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, No. 2 Hospital Yinzhou County, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xijie He
- Department of Cardiology, No. 2 Hospital Yinzhou County, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
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Therapeutic Role of Recombinant Human Soluble Thrombomodulin for Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55050172. [PMID: 31137593 PMCID: PMC6571552 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55050172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is an acute respiratory worsening of unidentifiable cause that sometimes develops during the clinical course of IPF. Although the incidence of AE-IPF is not high, prognosis is poor. The pathogenesis of AE-IPF is not well understood; however, evidence suggests that coagulation abnormalities and inflammation are involved. Thrombomodulin is a transmembranous glycoprotein found on the cell surface of vascular endothelial cells. Thrombomodulin combines with thrombin, regulates coagulation/fibrinolysis balance, and has a pivotal role in suppressing excess inflammation through its inhibition of high-mobility group box 1 protein and the complement system. Thus, thrombomodulin might be effective in the treatment of AE-IPF, and we and other groups found that recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin improved survival in patients with AE-IPF. This review summarizes the existing evidence and considers the therapeutic role of thrombomodulin in AE-IPF.
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Jang EJ, Baek SE, Kim EJ, Park SY, Kim CD. HMGB1 enhances AGE-mediated VSMC proliferation via an increase in 5-LO-linked RAGE expression. Vascul Pharmacol 2019; 118-119:106559. [PMID: 30954689 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Receptors for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) play a pivotal role in the progression of proliferative vascular diseases. However, the precise mechanisms regulating RAGE expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of the injured vasculatures is unclear. Given the potential importance of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) derived mediators in cellular responses mediated by RAGE, this study aimed to evaluate in VSMCs treated with high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1): 1) the RAGE expression; 2) the AGE-induced VSMC proliferation; 3) the role of 5-LO signaling in HMGB1-induced RAGE expression. In cultured human VSMCs stimulated with HMGB1 (100 ng/ml), RAGE mRNA and protein expression were markedly increased along with an increase in AGE-mediated VSMC proliferation. Both of these effects were markedly attenuated in cells pretreated with zileuton (1-10 μM), a 5-LO inhibitor, as well as in cells transfected with 5-LO siRNA, suggesting a potential involvement of 5-LO signaling in HMGB1-mediated RAGE expression in VSMCs. Moreover, 5-LO expression, accompanied by production of leukotrienes was markedly increased in HMGB1-stimulated VSMCs, which was attenuated in cells deficient of TLR2 or RAGE. Taken together, our results suggest that HMGB1-induced increase in 5-LO expression enhances RAGE expression in VSMCs, which stimulates AGE-mediated VSMC proliferation. Thus, the 5-LO-RAGE signaling axis in VSMCs might serve as a potential therapeutic target for vascular remodeling in the injured vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea; Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea; Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea; Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - So Youn Park
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea; Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea; Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Li FJ, Zhang CL, Luo XJ, Peng J, Yang TL. Involvement of the MiR-181b-5p/HMGB1 Pathway in Ang II-induced Phenotypic Transformation of Smooth Muscle Cells in Hypertension. Aging Dis 2019; 10:231-248. [PMID: 31011475 PMCID: PMC6457049 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to vascular remodeling in hypertension. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) has been reported to be involved in several pathogenic processes including VSMC proliferation and migration. The present study was designed to determine the role of HMGB1 in VSMC phenotypic transformation in hypertension. First, we demonstrated that HMGB1 was elevated in a model of Ang II-induced VSMC phenotypic transformation, which showed down-regulation of contractile proteins and up-regulation of synthetic proteins. Knockdown of HMGB1 and losartan could block the phenotypic transformation. Next, we identified three potential miRNAs for upstream regulation of HMGB1 by bioinformatic analysis; only miR-181b-5p was significantly down-regulated in Ang II-treated cells. Co-treating the cells with miR-181b-5p mimics suppressed HMGB1 expression as well as the phenotypic transformation, migration, and proliferation. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the direct interaction between miR-181b-5p and HMGB1. Finally, to extend these cell-based studies to clinical patients, we demonstrated that plasma miR-181b-5p levels were decreased, while Ang II and HMGB1 levels, as well as the intima-media thickness (IMT) were increased in hypertensive patients; these effects were reversed following the administration of angiotensin receptor blockers. Based on these observations, we conclude that the down-regulation of miR-181b-5p leads to the elevation of HMGB1 levels in hypertensive patients, which accounts, at least partially, for VSMCs phenotypic transformation and vascular remodeling. Our findings also highlight that the plasma levels of miR-181b-5p and HMGB1 may serve as novel biomarkers for vascular remodeling in the hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Juan Li
- 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Cheng-Long Zhang
- 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha410013, China
| | - Jun Peng
- 3Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,4Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Tian-Lun Yang
- 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Wu CY, Zhou ZF, Wang B, Ke ZP, Ge ZC, Zhang XJ. MicroRNA-328 ameliorates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial cells injury through targeting HMGB1 in atherosclerosis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1643-1650. [PMID: 30324654 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis has been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease, which can harden the vessel wall and narrow the arteries. MicroRNAs exhibit crucial roles in various diseases including atherosclerosis. However, so far, the role of miR-328 in atherosclerosis remains barely explored. Therefore, our study concentrated on the potential role of miR-328 in vascular endothelial cell injury during atherosclerosis. In our current study, we observed that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) apoptosis and inhibited cell viability dose-dependently and time-dependently. In addition, indicated dosage of ox-LDL obviously triggered HUVECs inflammation and oxidative stress process. Then, it was found that miR-328 in HUVECs was reduced by ox-LDL. HUVECs apoptosis was greatly repressed and cell survival was significantly upregulated by overexpression of miR-328. Furthermore, mimics of miR-328 rescued cell inflammation and oxidative stress process induced by ox-LDL. Oppositely, inhibitors of miR-328 strongly promoted ox-LDL-induced endothelial cells injury in HUVECs. By using bioinformatics analysis, high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) was predicted as a downstream target of miR-328. HMGB1 has been reported to be involved in atherosclerosis development. The correlation between miR-328 and HMGB1 was validated in our current study. Taken these together, it was implied that miR-328 ameliorated ox-LDL-induced endothelial cells injury through targeting HMGB1 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Yancheng Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University School of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Zhao-Feng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Yancheng Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University School of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yancheng Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University School of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Zun-Ping Ke
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Chun Ge
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xuyi, Xuyi, China
| | - Xian-Jin Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
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30
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Ding JW, Luo CY, Wang XA, Zhou T, Zheng XX, Zhang ZQ, Yu B, Zhang J, Tong XH. Glycyrrhizin, a High-Mobility Group Box 1 Inhibitor, Improves Lipid Metabolism and Suppresses Vascular Inflammation in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice. J Vasc Res 2019; 55:365-377. [DOI: 10.1159/000495310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Dai M, Xiao R, Cai L, Ge T, Zhu L, Hu Q. HMGB1 is mechanistically essential in the development of experimental pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 316:C175-C185. [PMID: 30517029 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00148.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a mortal disease featuring pulmonary vascular constriction and remodeling, right heart failure, and eventual death. Several reports showed that high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) appears to be critical for the development of PH; the underlying mechanism, however, has not been revealed. Experiments in the present study demonstrated that HMGB1 levels were elevated in the lung tissue and blood plasma of rats after chronic hypoxia exposure and monocrotaline treatment. HMGB1 was originally located within the nucleus and translocated to the cytoplasm of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) upon hypoxia exposure, a process that appeared to be mediated by endogenous H2O2. Exposure to HMGB1 mobilized calcium signaling in PASMCs, a response that was attenuated by extracellular Ca2+ removal, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibition by TAK-242, or transient receptor potential channel (TRPC) suppression with 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) and SKF-96365. The sustained phosphorylation of the Akt pathway modulated HMGB1-induced migration of PASMCs. The blockage of HMGB1 with glycyrrhizin or anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody attenuated lung inflammation and PH establishment in rats after hypoxia exposure and monocrotaline treatment. The above findings reveal the mechanistic importance of HMGB1 in PH through TLR4- and TRPC-associated Ca2+ influx and Akt phosphorylation-driven PASMC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Dai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Luyao Cai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Tong Ge
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
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Dziki JL, Hussey G, Badylak SF. Alarmins of the extracellular space. Semin Immunol 2018; 38:33-39. [PMID: 30170910 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the immune system to discriminate between healthy-self, abnormal-self, and non-self has been attributed mainly to alarmins signaling as "danger signals". It is now evident, however, that alarmins are much more complex and can perform specialized functions that can regulate a wide spectrum of processes ranging from propagation of disease to tissue homeostasis. As such, alarmins and their signaling mechanisms are now actively pursued as therapeutic targets. The clinical utility of alarmins requires an understanding of their specific localization. Specifically, many alarmins can function paradoxically depending upon their localization, intra or extracellular. The present review focuses upon alarmin presence and differential expression in the extracellular space versus within the cell and how variation of the localization of alarmins can reveal important mechanistic insights into alarmin functions and their efficacy as biomarkers of disease and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Dziki
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - George Hussey
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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Coornaert I, Hofmans S, Devisscher L, Augustyns K, Van Der Veken P, De Meyer GRY, Martinet W. Novel drug discovery strategies for atherosclerosis that target necrosis and necroptosis. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:477-488. [PMID: 29598451 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1457644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Formation and enlargement of a necrotic core play a pivotal role in atherogenesis. Since the discovery of necroptosis, which is a regulated form of necrosis, prevention of necrotic cell death has become an attractive therapeutic goal to reduce plaque formation. Areas covered: This review highlights the triggers and consequences of (unregulated) necrosis and necroptosis in atherosclerosis. The authors discuss different pharmacological strategies to inhibit necrotic cell death in advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Expert opinion: Addition of a necrosis or necroptosis inhibitor to standard statin therapy could be a promising strategy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, a necrosis inhibitor cannot block all necrosis stimuli in atherosclerotic plaques. A necroptosis inhibitor could be more effective, because necroptosis is mediated by specific proteins, termed receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinases (RIPK) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL). Currently, only RIPK1 inhibitors have been successfully used in atherosclerotic mouse models to inhibit necroptosis. However, because RIPK1 is involved in both necroptosis and apoptosis, and also RIPK1-independent necroptosis can occur, we feel that targeting RIPK3 and MLKL could be a more attractive therapeutic approach to inhibit necroptosis. Therefore, future challenges will consist of developing RIPK3 and MLKL inhibitors applicable in both preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Coornaert
- a Laboratory of Physiopharmacology , University of Antwerp , Wilrijk , Belgium
| | - Sam Hofmans
- b Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Antwerp , Wilrijk , Belgium
| | - Lars Devisscher
- b Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Antwerp , Wilrijk , Belgium
| | - Koen Augustyns
- b Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Antwerp , Wilrijk , Belgium
| | | | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- a Laboratory of Physiopharmacology , University of Antwerp , Wilrijk , Belgium
| | - Wim Martinet
- a Laboratory of Physiopharmacology , University of Antwerp , Wilrijk , Belgium
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Sessile Innate Immune Cells. DAMAGE-ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERNS IN HUMAN DISEASES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7123606 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78655-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, sessile cells of the innate immune system are briefly introduced. Defined as cells equipped with diverse pattern recognition molecules capable of detecting MAMPs and DAMPs, they encompass cells such as epithelial cells, fibroblasts, vascular cells, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes. Located at the body surfaces, epithelial cells represent the first line of innate immune defense against invading microbial pathogens. They are significant contributors to innate mucosal immunity and generate various antimicrobial defense mechanisms. Also, epithelial cells critically contribute to tissue repair via the phenomenon of re-epithelialization. Fibroblasts operate as classical sentinel cells of the innate immune system dedicated to responding to MAMPs and DAMPs emitted upon any tissue injury. Typically, fibroblasts synthesize most of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues, thereby playing a crucial role in tissue repair processes. Vascular cells of the innate immune system represent an evolutionarily developed first-line defense against any inciting insult hitting the vessel walls from the luminal side including bacteria, viruses, microbial toxins, and chemical noxa such as nicotine. Upon such insults and following recognition of MAMPs and DAMPs, vascular cells react with an innate immune response to create an acute inflammatory milieu in the vessel wall aimed at curing the vascular injury concerned. Chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts represent other vital cells of the skeletal system acting as cells of the innate immune system in its wider sense. These cells mediate injury-promoted DAMP-induced inflammatory and regenerative processes specific for the skeletal systems. Finally, adipocytes are regarded as highly active cells of the innate immune system. As white, brown, and beige adipocytes, they operate as a dynamic metabolic organ that can secrete certain bioactive molecules which have endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine actions.
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Pivotal neuroinflammatory and therapeutic role of high mobility group box 1 in ischemic stroke. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20171104. [PMID: 29054968 PMCID: PMC5715129 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Stroke is a frequent and severe neurovascular disorder. The main cause of stroke is atherosclerosis, and the most common risk factor for atherosclerosis is hypertension. Therefore, prevention and treatment of stroke are crucial issues in humans. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is non-histone nuclear protein that is currently one of the crucial proinflammatory alarmins in ischemic stroke (IS). It is instantly released from necrotic cells in the ischemic core and activates an early inflammatory response. HMGB1 may signal via its putative receptors, such as receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptors (TLRs) as well as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes during IS. These receptors are expressed in brain cells. Additionally, brain-released HMGB1 can be redox modified in the circulation and activate peripheral immune cells. The role of HMGB1 may be more complex. HMGB1 possesses beneficial actions, such as endothelial activation, enhancement of neurite outgrowth, and neuronal survival. HMGB1 may also provide a novel link for brain-immune communication leading to post-stroke immunomodulation. Therefore, HMGB1 is new promising therapeutic intervention aimed at promoting neurovascular repair and remodeling after stroke. In this review, we look at the mechanisms of secretion of HMGB1, the role of receptors, MMP enzymes, hypoglycemia, atherosclerosis, edema, angiogenesis as well as neuroimmunological reactions and post-ischemic brain recovery in IS. We also outline therapeutic roles of HMGB1 in IS.
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Filipek A, Czerwińska ME, Kiss AK, Polański JA, Naruszewicz M. Oleacein may inhibit destabilization of carotid plaques from hypertensive patients. Impact on high mobility group protein-1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 32:68-73. [PMID: 28732809 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with hypertension the haemorrhage into carotid atherosclerotic plaque increases risk of plaque destabilization and rupture. Our previous study showed that oleacein, a secoiridoid present in extra virgin olive oil, enhanced uptake of haemoglobin-haptoglobin complex and change macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2. PURPOSE The aim this study was to investigate a potential role of oleacein in attenuation of carotid plaque destabilisation ex vivo. METHODS Samples of atherosclerotic plaque were harvested from 20 patients with hypertension /11 women and 9 men/, who underwent carotid endarterectomy after transient ischemic attacks. Matching pieces of each plaque were incubated with increased concentration of pure oleacein /range 0-20 µM/ for 24 h. HMGB1, MMP-9, MMP-9/NGAL, TF and IL-10, as well as HO-1 secretion from plaque was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay /ELISA/. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 and P < 0.001. RESULTS Oleacein at the concentrations of 10 and 20 µM significantly (P < 0.001) decreased secretion of HMGB1 (up 90%), MMP-9 (up to 80%), MMP-9/NGAL complex (up to 80%) and TF (more than 90%) from the treated plaque, as compared to control. At the same time IL-10 and HO-1 release increased by more than 80% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that oleacein possess ability to attenuate the destabilization of carotid plaque and could be potentially useful in the reduction of ischemic stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Filipek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika E Czerwińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna K Kiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy A Polański
- Chair and Department of General, Vascular and Oncologic Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Naruszewicz
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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Giovannini S, Tinelli G, Biscetti F, Straface G, Angelini F, Pitocco D, Mucci L, Landolfi R, Flex A. Serum high mobility group box-1 and osteoprotegerin levels are associated with peripheral arterial disease and critical limb ischemia in type 2 diabetic subjects. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:99. [PMID: 28789654 PMCID: PMC5549317 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) is a nuclear protein also acting as inflammatory mediator, whilst osteoprotegerin (OPG), member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is indicated as marker of vascular calcification. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are clinical conditions characterized by elevated serum inflammatory markers and vascular calcification enhancement. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of HMGB-1, OPG and several inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (HsCRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6) on the presence and severity of peripheral artery disease in patients with T2D. METHODS In this retrospective observational study, we have analyzed HMGB-1, OPG and inflammatory cytokines serum levels in 1393 type 2 diabetic patients with PAD and without PAD (WPAD). RESULTS HMGB-1 (7.89 ± 15.23 ng/mL), OPG (6.54 ± 7.76 pmol/L), HsCRP (15.6 ± 14.4 mg/L) and IL-6 (56.1 ± 28.6 pg/mL) serum levels were significantly higher in patients with PAD than in those WPAD (3.02 ± 8.12 ng/mL, P ˂ 0.001; 2.98 ± 2.01 pmol/L, P < 0.001; 7.05 ± 4.4 mg/L, P < 0.001; 37.5 ± 20.2 pg/mL, P < 0.001 respectively). Moreover HMGB-1 (P < 0.001), OPG (P < 0.001), HsCRP (P < 0.001) and IL-6 (P < 0.001) serum levels were positively correlated with clinical severity of PAD. HMGB-1 (adjusted OR 12.32; 95% CI 3.56-23.54, P = 0.023) and OPG (adjusted OR 3.53; 95% CI 1.54-6.15, P = 0.019) resulted independent determinants of PAD in patients with T2D after adjusting for the conventional cardiovascular risk factor and established inflammatory mediators. CONCLUSIONS In T2D patients HMGB-1 and OPG serum levels are higher in patients affected by PAD and independently associated with its occurrence and clinical severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Giovannini
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, A. Gemelli Foundation, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tinelli
- Department of Vascular Surgery, A. Gemelli Foundation, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Biscetti
- Rheumatology and Affine Sciences Institute, A. Gemelli Foundation, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Straface
- Vascular Medicine and Atherothrombosis Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Italy
| | - Flavia Angelini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Department of Medicine, A. Gemelli Foundation, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Mucci
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medicine, A. Gemelli Foundation, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Landolfi
- Department of Medicine, A. Gemelli Foundation, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy. .,Department of Medicine, A. Gemelli Foundation, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
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Boteanu RM, Suica VI, Uyy E, Ivan L, Dima SO, Popescu I, Simionescu M, Antohe F. Alarmins in chronic noncommunicable diseases: Atherosclerosis, diabetes and cancer. J Proteomics 2017; 153:21-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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39
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Arikkatt J, Ullah MA, Short KR, Zhang V, Gan WJ, Loh Z, Werder RB, Simpson J, Sly PD, Mazzone SB, Spann KM, Ferreira MA, Upham JW, Sukkar MB, Phipps S. RAGE deficiency predisposes mice to virus-induced paucigranulocytic asthma. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28099113 PMCID: PMC5243115 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease. Although many patients with asthma develop type-2 dominated eosinophilic inflammation, a number of individuals develop paucigranulocytic asthma, which occurs in the absence of eosinophilia or neutrophilia. The aetiology of paucigranulocytic asthma is unknown. However, both respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and mutations in the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) are risk factors for asthma development. Here, we show that RAGE deficiency impairs anti-viral immunity during an early-life infection with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM; a murine analogue of RSV). The elevated viral load was associated with the release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) which triggered airway smooth muscle remodelling in early-life. Re-infection with PVM in later-life induced many of the cardinal features of asthma in the absence of eosinophilic or neutrophilic inflammation. Anti-HMGB1 mitigated both early-life viral disease and asthma-like features, highlighting HMGB1 as a possible novel therapeutic target. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21199.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaisy Arikkatt
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Md Ashik Ullah
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kirsty Renfree Short
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vivan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wan Jun Gan
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zhixuan Loh
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jennifer Simpson
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Children's Health Research Children's Health Queensland, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stuart B Mazzone
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kirsten M Spann
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - John W Upham
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Maria B Sukkar
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Chen W, Ma X, Zhang P, Li Q, Liang X, Liu J. MiR-212-3p inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response through targeting HMGB1 in murine macrophages. Exp Cell Res 2017; 350:318-326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Wang K, Li W, Yu Q, Guo B, Yang B, Zhang C, Li M, Li J, Hu S, Zheng Q, Song Z. High Mobility Group Box 1 Mediates Interferon-γ-Induced Phenotypic Modulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:518-529. [PMID: 27579780 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The phenotypic modulation of VSMCs is a key cellular event driving neointimal formation and vascular remodeling. As a multifaceted cytokine of cell-mediated immunity, IFN-γ has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of vascular proliferative diseases. Although the important function of IFN-γ on regulating VSMC activation is well established, the molecular mechanisms by which elicits VSMC responses are poorly defined. Recent studies have identified HMGB1 as a principal effector to mediate IFN-γ-dependent biological functions in multiple cell types. Moreover, SIRT1 has emerged as a critical regulator of cellular processes through deacetylating multiple substrates, including HMGB1. Thus, we examined the role of IFN-γ on HMGB1 release, SIRT1 expression, and VSMC phenotypic modulation as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. We show that IFN-γ dose-dependently induces HMGB1 cytoplasmic accumulation and its active release from VSMCs, resulting in enhanced HMGB1 in the medium. Conversely, IFN-γ treatment led to a dramatic decrease in SIRT1 expression. Additionally, pretreatment with resveratrol, a selective SIRT1 activator, abrogated IFN-γ-induced HMGB1 translocation and its release. Moreover, IFN-γ stimulates VSMC phenotypic modulation to an activated synthetic state characterized by the repression of SMC differentiation markers such as SM22α and calponin and the increase in cell motility. In contrast, blocking HMGB1 release or activity by resveratrol and HMGB1-neutralizing antibody prevents IFN-γ-induced phenotypic modulation of VSMCs. Overall, this study provides the first evidence showing that HMGB1 plays a critical role in regulating VSMC phenotypic modulation, suggesting that HMGB1 may be a potential therapeutic target to prevent vascular occlusive diseases. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 518-529, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qihong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Bin Yang
- Second Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Co-Innovation Center for Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaobo Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qichang Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zifang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wan Z, Zhang X, Peng A, He M, Lei Z, Wang Y. TLR4-HMGB1 signaling pathway affects the inflammatory reaction of autoimmune myositis by regulating MHC-I. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 41:74-81. [PMID: 27816788 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the effects of TLR4 on the expression of the HMGB1, MHC-I and downstream cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, and to investigate the biological role of the TLR4-HMGB1 signaling pathway in the development of the autoimmune myositis. METHODS We built mice models with experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM) and used the inverted screen experiment to measure their muscle endurance; we also examined inflammatory infiltration of muscle tissues after HE staining; and we assessed the expression of MHC-I using immunohistochemistry. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were extracted and flow cytometry was utilized to detect the effect of IFN-γ on the expression of MHC-I. Furthermore, PBMCs were treated with IFN-γ, anti-TLR4, anti-HMGB1 and anti-MHC-I. Real-time PCR and western blotting were employed to examine the expressions of TLR4, HMGB1 and MHC-I in different groups. The ELISA method was also utilized to detect the expression of the downstream cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. RESULTS The expressions of TLR4, HMGB1 and MHC-I in muscle tissues from mice with EAM were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). After IFN-γ treatment, the expressions of TLR4, HMGB1, MHC-I, TNF-α and IL-6 in PBMCs significantly increased (all P<0.05). The treatment of anti-TLR4, anti-HMGB1 and anti-MHC-I could significantly downregulate the expression of MHC-I (all P<0.05). In addition, anti-TLR4 and anti-HMGB1 significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The TLR4-HMGB1 signaling pathway affects the process of autoimmune myositis inflammation by regulating the expression of MHC-I and other pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Anping Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhua Lei
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunxiu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
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43
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Jin P, Zhou Q, Song S, Xu J, Zhang M, Zhu M, Kang M, Shi X, Shi J, Lu D, Li J. Elevated preoperative HMGB1 as predictor of myocardial injury post-percutaneous coronary intervention. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5149. [PMID: 27861339 PMCID: PMC5120896 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the impact of preoperative high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) on myocardial injury post-percutaneous coronary intervention.We evaluated 302 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. They were divided into equal tertiles based on their preoperative HMGB1 levels. Creatine kinase-MB and troponin I levels were measured at baseline, 8- and 24-hours after the procedure, while clinical outcomes were followed up for 1 year.The occurrence of post-procedural myocardial injury was significantly higher in the tertile comprising of patients with elevated HMGB1 levels. Moreover, these patients showed significantly higher post-procedural peak values of creatine kinase-MB and troponin I in comparison to patients with lower HMGB1 levels. Event-free survival was significantly associated with HMGB1 levels, with worst event-free survival in patients with elevated HMGB1 levels.Elevated preoperative HMGB1 was a predictor of myocardial injury after percutaneous coronary intervention, and was associated with the worst clinical outcomes during 1-year follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jin
- Department of Cardiology, China National Petroleum Corporation Central Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, China National Petroleum Corporation Central Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Shujiang Song
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jinpeng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Minli Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, China National Petroleum Corporation Central Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, China National Petroleum Corporation Central Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Meili Kang
- Department of Cardiology, China National Petroleum Corporation Central Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiangming Shi
- Department of Cardiology, China National Petroleum Corporation Central Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Junting Shi
- Department of Cardiology, China National Petroleum Corporation Central Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Cardiology, China National Petroleum Corporation Central Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Kim JS, Lee SG, Oh J, Park S, Park SI, Hong SY, Kim S, Lee SH, Ko YG, Choi D, Hong MK, Jang Y. Development of Advanced Atherosclerotic Plaque by Injection of Inflammatory Proteins in a Rabbit Iliac Artery Model. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:1095-105. [PMID: 27401639 PMCID: PMC4960374 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.5.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Appropriate animal models of atherosclerotic plaque are crucial to investigating the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, as well as for the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of vascular devices. We aimed to develop a novel animal model that would be suitable for the study of advanced atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Atherosclerotic plaque was induced in 24 iliac arteries from 12 rabbits by combining a high cholesterol diet, endothelial denudation, and injection into the vessel wall with either saline (n=5), olive oil (n=6), or inflammatory proteins [n=13, high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) n=8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α n=5] using a Cricket™ Micro-infusion catheter. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed to detect plaque characteristics after 4 weeks, and all tissues were harvested for histological evaluation. RESULTS Advanced plaque was more frequently observed in the group injected with inflammatory proteins. Macrophage infiltration was present to a higher degree in the HMGB1 and TNF-α groups, compared to the oil or saline group (82.1±5.1% and 94.6±2.2% compared to 49.6±14.0% and 46.5±9.6%, p-value<0.001), using RAM11 antibody staining. On OCT, lipid rich plaques were more frequently detected in the inflammatory protein group [saline group: 2/5 (40%), oil group: 3/5 (50%), HMGB1 group: 6/8 (75%), and TNF-α group: 5/5 (100%)]. CONCLUSION These data indicate that this rabbit model of atherosclerotic lesion formation via direct injection of pro-inflammatory proteins into the vessel wall is useful for in vivo studies investigating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Kim
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seul Gee Lee
- Graduate Program in Science for Aging, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaewon Oh
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Se Il Park
- Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Yu Hong
- Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sehoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hak Lee
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Guk Ko
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeong Ki Hong
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Product Evaluation Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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HMGB1, IL-1α, IL-33 and S100 proteins: dual-function alarmins. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 14:43-64. [PMID: 27569562 PMCID: PMC5214941 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our immune system is based on the close collaboration of the innate and adaptive immune systems for the rapid detection of any threats to the host. Recognition of pathogen-derived molecules is entrusted to specific germline-encoded signaling receptors. The same receptors have now also emerged as efficient detectors of misplaced or altered self-molecules that signal tissue damage and cell death following, for example, disruption of the blood supply and subsequent hypoxia. Many types of endogenous molecules have been shown to provoke such sterile inflammatory states when released from dying cells. However, a group of proteins referred to as alarmins have both intracellular and extracellular functions which have been the subject of intense research. Indeed, alarmins can either exert beneficial cell housekeeping functions, leading to tissue repair, or provoke deleterious uncontrolled inflammation. This group of proteins includes the high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-33 and the Ca2+-binding S100 proteins. These dual-function proteins share conserved regulatory mechanisms, such as secretory routes, post-translational modifications and enzymatic processing, that govern their extracellular functions in time and space. Release of alarmins from mesenchymal cells is a highly relevant mechanism by which immune cells can be alerted of tissue damage, and alarmins play a key role in the development of acute or chronic inflammatory diseases and in cancer development.
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46
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Liu J, Zhang BL, Sun CL, Wang J, Li S, Wang JF. High mobility group box1 protein is involved in acute inflammation induced by Clostridium difficile toxin A. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:554-62. [PMID: 27151296 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box1 (HMGB1), as a damage-associated inflammatory factor, contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we explored the role of HMGB1 in CDI (Clostridium difficile infection) by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Our results showed that HMGB1 might play an important role in the acute inflammatory responses to C. difficile toxin A (TcdA), affect early inflammatory factors, and induce inflammation via the HMGB1-TLR4 pathway. Our study provides the essential information for better understanding the molecular mechanisms of CDI and the potential new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bei-Lei Zhang
- School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chun-Li Sun
- School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shenzhen Huada Gene Research Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Shan Li
- School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ju-Fang Wang
- School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Xiao H, Liu H, Hou C, Liu Y, Yu Q. Effects of Ethyl Pyruvate in Preventing the Development of Diet-induced Atherosclerosis by Blocking the HMGB1 Expression in ApoE-Deficient Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 67:299-304. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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48
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Cecchinato V, D'Agostino G, Raeli L, Uguccioni M. Chemokine interaction with synergy-inducing molecules: fine tuning modulation of cell trafficking. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 99:851-5. [PMID: 26715684 PMCID: PMC5039040 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1mr1015-457r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Review on synergistic activities induced by heterocomplexes formed with chemokines. Directed migration and arrest of leukocytes during homeostasis, inflammation, and tumor development is mediated by the chemokine system, which governs leukocyte migration and activities. Although we understand well the effects of different chemokines one by one, much less was known about the potential consequences of the concomitant expression of multiple chemokines or of their interaction with inflammatory molecules on leukocyte migration and functions. In the past 10 yr, several studies revealed the existence of additional features of chemokines: they can antagonize chemokine receptors or synergize with other chemokines, also by forming heterocomplexes. Moreover, recent data show that not only chemokines but also the alarmin high-mobility group box 1 can for a complex with CXCL12, enhancing its potency on CXCR4. The molecular mechanism underlying the effect of the heterocomplex has been partially elucidated, whereas its structure is a matter of current investigations. The present review discusses the current knowledge and relevance of the functions of heterocomplexes formed between chemokines or between the chemokine CXCL12 and the alarmin high-mobility group box 1. These studies highlight the importance of taking into account, when approaching innovative therapies targeting the chemokine system, also the fact that some chemokines and molecules released in inflammation, can considerably affect the activity of chemokine receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cecchinato
- Laboratory of "Chemokines in Immunity," Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Gianluca D'Agostino
- Laboratory of "Chemokines in Immunity," Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Raeli
- Laboratory of "Chemokines in Immunity," Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mariagrazia Uguccioni
- Laboratory of "Chemokines in Immunity," Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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Cai J, Wen J, Bauer E, Zhong H, Yuan H, Chen AF. The Role of HMGB1 in Cardiovascular Biology: Danger Signals. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:1351-69. [PMID: 26066838 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Accumulating evidence shows that dysregulated immune response contributes to several types of CVDs such as atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension (PH). Vascular intimal impairment and low-density lipoprotein oxidation trigger a complex network of innate immune responses and sterile inflammation. RECENT ADVANCES High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear DNA-binding protein, was recently discovered to function as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) that initiates the innate immune responses. These findings lead to the understanding that HMGB1 plays a critical role in the inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of CVD. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we highlight the role of extracellular HMGB1 as a proinflammatory mediator as well as a DAMP in coronary artery disease, cerebral artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and PH. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A key focus for future researches on HMGB1 location, structure, modification, and signaling will reveal HMGB1's multiple functions and discover a targeted therapy that can eliminate HMGB1-mediated inflammation without interfering with adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cai
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 3 Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Juan Wen
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 3 Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Eileen Bauer
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hua Zhong
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 3 Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 3 Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- 1 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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50
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HMGB1 Promotes Hepatitis C Virus Replication by Interaction with Stem-Loop 4 in the Viral 5' Untranslated Region. J Virol 2015; 90:2332-44. [PMID: 26656705 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02795-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a highly conserved nuclear protein involved in multiple human diseases, including infectious diseases, immune disorders, metabolic disorders, and cancer. HMGB1 is comprised of two tandem HMG boxes (the A box and the B box) containing DNA-binding domains and an acidic C-terminal peptide. It has been reported that HMGB1 enhances viral replication by binding to viral proteins. However, its role in hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication is unknown. Here, we show that HMGB1 promoted HCV replication but had no effect on HCV translation. RNA immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that the positive strand, not the negative strand, of HCV RNA interacted with HMGB1. HCV infection triggered HMGB1 protein translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, in which it interacted with the HCV genome. Moreover, the A box of HMGB1 is the pivotal domain to interact with stem-loop 4 (SL4) of the HCV 5' untranslated region. Deletion of the HMGB1 A box abrogated the enhancement of HCV replication by HMGB1. Our data suggested that HMGB1 serves as a proviral factor of HCV to facilitate viral replication in hepatocytes by interaction with the HCV genome. IMPORTANCE Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global health threat, affecting more than 170 million people infection worldwide. These patients are at high risk of developing severe liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, no vaccine is available. Many host factors may be implicated in the pathogenesis of HCV-related diseases. In this study, we found a novel HCV RNA-binding protein, HMGB1, that promotes HCV RNA replication. Moreover, SL4 in the 5' untranslated region of the HCV genome is the key region for HMGB1 binding, and the A box of HMGB1 protein is the functional domain to interact with HCV RNA and enhance viral replication. HMGB1 appears to play an important role in HCV-related diseases, and further investigation is warranted to elucidate the specific actions of HMGB1 in HCV pathogenesis.
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