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Zhao M, Zheng Z, Peng S, Xu Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Pan W, Yin Z, Xu S, Wei C, Wang M, Wan J, Qin J. Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Repeats and Discoidin I-Like Domains 3 Deficiency Attenuates Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Inhibiting Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 10 Dependent Smad4 Deubiquitination. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e031283. [PMID: 38456416 PMCID: PMC11010021 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of heart failure with a poor prognosis. Recent studies suggest that endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) may be involved in the pathogenesis and cardiac remodeling during DCM development. EDIL3 (epidermal growth factor-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that has been reported to promote EndMT in various diseases. However, the roles of EDIL3 in DCM still remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS A mouse model of DCM and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to explore the roles and mechanisms of EDIL3 in DCM. The results indicated that EndMT and EDIL3 were activated in DCM mice. EDIL3 deficiency attenuated cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in DCM mice. EDIL3 knockdown alleviated EndMT by inhibiting USP10 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 10) dependent Smad4 deubiquitination in vivo and in vitro. Recombinant human EDIL3 promoted EndMT via reinforcing deubiquitination of Smad4 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with IL-1β (interleukin 1β) and TGF-β (transforming growth factor beta). Inhibiting USP10 abolished EndMT exacerbated by EDIL3. In addition, recombinant EDIL3 also aggravates doxorubicin-induced EndMT by promoting Smad4 deubiquitination in HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results indicate that EDIL3 deficiency attenuated EndMT by inhibiting USP10 dependent Smad4 deubiquitination in DCM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Zihui Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Shanshan Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Zheng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Shuwan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Cheng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Juan‐Juan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Center for Healthy AgingWuhan University School of NursingWuhanChina
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2
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Nakamura F. The Role of Mechanotransduction in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion and Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2135. [PMID: 38396812 PMCID: PMC10889191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Contact inhibition (CI) represents a crucial tumor-suppressive mechanism responsible for controlling the unbridled growth of cells, thus preventing the formation of cancerous tissues. CI can be further categorized into two distinct yet interrelated components: CI of locomotion (CIL) and CI of proliferation (CIP). These two components of CI have historically been viewed as separate processes, but emerging research suggests that they may be regulated by both distinct and shared pathways. Specifically, recent studies have indicated that both CIP and CIL utilize mechanotransduction pathways, a process that involves cells sensing and responding to mechanical forces. This review article describes the role of mechanotransduction in CI, shedding light on how mechanical forces regulate CIL and CIP. Emphasis is placed on filamin A (FLNA)-mediated mechanotransduction, elucidating how FLNA senses mechanical forces and translates them into crucial biochemical signals that regulate cell locomotion and proliferation. In addition to FLNA, trans-acting factors (TAFs), which are proteins or regulatory RNAs capable of directly or indirectly binding to specific DNA sequences in distant genes to regulate gene expression, emerge as sensitive players in both the mechanotransduction and signaling pathways of CI. This article presents methods for identifying these TAF proteins and profiling the associated changes in chromatin structure, offering valuable insights into CI and other biological functions mediated by mechanotransduction. Finally, it addresses unanswered research questions in these fields and delineates their possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Nakamura
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
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3
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Pang X, He X, Qiu Z, Zhang H, Xie R, Liu Z, Gu Y, Zhao N, Xiang Q, Cui Y. Targeting integrin pathways: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:1. [PMID: 36588107 PMCID: PMC9805914 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 130.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are considered the main cell-adhesion transmembrane receptors that play multifaceted roles as extracellular matrix (ECM)-cytoskeletal linkers and transducers in biochemical and mechanical signals between cells and their environment in a wide range of states in health and diseases. Integrin functions are dependable on a delicate balance between active and inactive status via multiple mechanisms, including protein-protein interactions, conformational changes, and trafficking. Due to their exposure on the cell surface and sensitivity to the molecular blockade, integrins have been investigated as pharmacological targets for nearly 40 years, but given the complexity of integrins and sometimes opposite characteristics, targeting integrin therapeutics has been a challenge. To date, only seven drugs targeting integrins have been successfully marketed, including abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban, natalizumab, vedolizumab, lifitegrast, and carotegrast. Currently, there are approximately 90 kinds of integrin-based therapeutic drugs or imaging agents in clinical studies, including small molecules, antibodies, synthetic mimic peptides, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, imaging agents, etc. A serious lesson from past integrin drug discovery and research efforts is that successes rely on both a deep understanding of integrin-regulatory mechanisms and unmet clinical needs. Herein, we provide a systematic and complete review of all integrin family members and integrin-mediated downstream signal transduction to highlight ongoing efforts to develop new therapies/diagnoses from bench to clinic. In addition, we further discuss the trend of drug development, how to improve the success rate of clinical trials targeting integrin therapies, and the key points for clinical research, basic research, and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Pang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Xu He
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Qiu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Hanxu Zhang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xie
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Yanlun Gu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
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4
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Hawkes W, Marhuenda E, Reynolds P, O'Neill C, Pandey P, Samuel Wilson DG, Freeley M, Huang D, Hu J, Gondarenko S, Hone J, Gadegaard N, Palma M, Iskratsch T. Regulation of cardiomyocyte adhesion and mechanosignalling through distinct nanoscale behaviour of integrin ligands mimicking healthy or fibrotic extracellular matrix. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20220021. [PMID: 36189804 PMCID: PMC9527911 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The stiffness of the cardiovascular environment changes during ageing and in disease and contributes to disease incidence and progression. Changing collagen expression and cross-linking regulate the rigidity of the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM). Additionally, basal lamina glycoproteins, especially laminin and fibronectin regulate cardiomyocyte adhesion formation, mechanics and mechanosignalling. Laminin is abundant in the healthy heart, but fibronectin is increasingly expressed in the fibrotic heart. ECM receptors are co-regulated with the changing ECM. Owing to differences in integrin dynamics, clustering and downstream adhesion formation this is expected to ultimately influence cardiomyocyte mechanosignalling; however, details remain elusive. Here, we sought to investigate how different cardiomyocyte integrin/ligand combinations affect adhesion formation, traction forces and mechanosignalling, using a combination of uniformly coated surfaces with defined stiffness, polydimethylsiloxane nanopillars, micropatterning and specifically designed bionanoarrays for precise ligand presentation. Thereby we found that the adhesion nanoscale organization, signalling and traction force generation of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (which express both laminin and fibronectin binding integrins) are strongly dependent on the integrin/ligand combination. Together our data indicate that the presence of fibronectin in combination with the enhanced stiffness in fibrotic areas will strongly impact on the cardiomyocyte behaviour and influence disease progression. This article is part of the theme issue 'The cardiomyocyte: new revelations on the interplay between architecture and function in growth, health, and disease'.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Hawkes
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Emilie Marhuenda
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Paul Reynolds
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Caoimhe O'Neill
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Pragati Pandey
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | | | - Mark Freeley
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Da Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Junquiang Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sasha Gondarenko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - James Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Matteo Palma
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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5
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Abdul-Ghani S, Skeffington KL, Kim M, Moscarelli M, Lewis PA, Heesom K, Fiorentino F, Emanueli C, Reeves BC, Punjabi PP, Angelini GD, Suleiman MS. Effect of cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion on left and right ventricular proteome/phosphoproteome in patients undergoing surgery for coronary or aortic valve disease. Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:77. [PMID: 35425992 PMCID: PMC9083849 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our earlier work has shown inter‑disease and intra‑disease differences in the cardiac proteome between right (RV) and left (LV) ventricles of patients with aortic valve stenosis (AVS) or coronary artery disease (CAD). Whether disease remodeling also affects acute changes occuring in the proteome during surgical intervention is unknown. This study investigated the effects of cardioplegic arrest on cardiac proteins/phosphoproteins in LV and RV of CAD (n=6) and AVS (n=6) patients undergoing cardiac surgery. LV and RV biopsies were collected during surgery before ischemic cold blood cardioplegic arrest (pre) and 20 min after reperfusion (post). Tissues were snap frozen, proteins extracted, and the extracts were used for proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis using Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) analysis. The results were analysed using QuickGO and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis softwares. For each comparision, our proteomic analysis identified more than 3,000 proteins which could be detected in both the pre and Post samples. Cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion were associated with significant differential expression of 24 (LV) and 120 (RV) proteins in the CAD patients, which were linked to mitochondrial function, inflammation and cardiac contraction. By contrast, AVS patients showed differential expression of only 3 LV proteins and 2 RV proteins, despite a significantly longer duration of ischaemic cardioplegic arrest. The relative expression of 41 phosphoproteins was significantly altered in CAD patients, with 18 phosphoproteins showing altered expression in AVS patients. Inflammatory pathways were implicated in the changes in phosphoprotein expression in both groups. Inter‑disease comparison for the same ventricular chamber at both timepoints revealed differences relating to inflammation and adrenergic and calcium signalling. In conclusion, the present study found that ischemic arrest and reperfusion trigger different changes in the proteomes and phosphoproteomes of LV and RV of CAD and AVS patients undergoing surgery, with markedly more changes in CAD patients despite a significantly shorter ischaemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Abdul-Ghani
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu-Dis, Palestine
| | - Katie L. Skeffington
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Minjoo Kim
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Marco Moscarelli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, UK
- GVM Care and Research, Anthea Hospital, I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Philip A. Lewis
- University of Bristol Proteomics/Bioinformatics Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kate Heesom
- University of Bristol Proteomics/Bioinformatics Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Barnaby C. Reeves
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | | | - Gianni D. Angelini
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - M-Saadeh Suleiman
- Bristol Heart Institute and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
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6
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Liu QH, Zhang LJ, Wang J, Wu BW, Cao JM. Cardioprotection of an I K1 channel agonist on L-thyroxine induced rat ventricular remodeling. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:8683-8696. [PMID: 34539987 PMCID: PMC8430128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Downregulation of inward rectifier potassium (IK1) channel is a hallmark in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. The cardioprotection of zacopride (a selective IK1 agonist) and underlying mechanisms were investigated in L-thyroxine (T4) or Triiodothyronine (T3)-induced cardiac remodeling. In the in vivo study, adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control, L-thyroxine, L-thy+zacopride, and L-thy+zacopride+chloroquine (an IK1 antagonist) groups. Echocardiography, histopathology, TUNEL assay, western blotting and confocal imaging for intracellular Ca2+ fluorescence were performed. In the in vitro study, zacopride and nifedipine (a LTCC blocker) were used to compare their effects on Kir2.1, SAP97, autophagy, and [Ca2+]i in H9C2 (2-1) cardiomyocytes. Zacopride treatment attenuated L-thyroxine- or T3 induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction which manifested as cardiac hypertrophy and collagen deposition, dilated ventricle, decreased ejection fraction (EF), increased cardiomyocytes apoptosis, hyper-activation of CaMKII and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, decreased cardiac autophagy, and increased expression of integrin β3. The cardioprotection of zacopride is strongly associated with the upregulation of IK1, SAP97, and [Ca2+]i homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. IK1 antagonist chloroquine or BaCl2 reversed these effects. Nifedipine could attenuate intracellular Ca2+ overload with no significant effects on IK1, SAP97, and autophagy. This study showed that zacopride could improve cardiac remodeling via facilitating Kir2.1 forward trafficking, and negatively regulating calcium-activated and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalings, in an IK1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan, China
| | - Bo-Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan, China
| | - Ji-Min Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, The Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan, China
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7
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Bildyug N. Integrins in cardiac hypertrophy: lessons learned from culture systems. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:3634-3642. [PMID: 34232557 PMCID: PMC8497369 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart growth and pathological changes are accompanied by extracellular matrix‐dependent alterations in integrins and integrin‐associated proteins, suggesting their role in heart development and disease. Most of our knowledge on the involvement of integrins in heart pathology is provided by the in vivo experiments, including cardiac hypertrophy models. However, in vivo studies are limited by the complex organization of heart tissue and fail to discern cell types and particular integrins implicated in hypertrophic signalling. This problem is being addressed by isolated cardiomyocyte primary cultures, which have been successfully used in different in vitro disease models. This review aimed to analyse the general approaches to studying integrins and integrin‐associated signalling pathways in cardiac hypertrophy focusing on the in vitro systems. The lessons learned from culture experiments on the models of hypertrophy induced by stretch, stimulating factors, and/or extracellular matrix components are summarized, demonstrating the major involvement of integrin‐mediated signalling in cardiac hypertrophic response and its apparent crosstalk with signal pathways induced by stretch or hypertrophy stimulating factors. The benefits and perspectives of using cardiomyocyte primary culture as a hypertrophy model are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Bildyug
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 194064, Russia
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8
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Meagher PB, Lee XA, Lee J, Visram A, Friedberg MK, Connelly KA. Cardiac Fibrosis: Key Role of Integrins in Cardiac Homeostasis and Remodeling. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040770. [PMID: 33807373 PMCID: PMC8066890 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common finding that is associated with the progression of heart failure (HF) and impacts all chambers of the heart. Despite intense research, the treatment of HF has primarily focused upon strategies to prevent cardiomyocyte remodeling, and there are no targeted antifibrotic strategies available to reverse cardiac fibrosis. Cardiac fibrosis is defined as an accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins which stiffen the myocardium resulting in the deterioration cardiac function. This occurs in response to a wide range of mechanical and biochemical signals. Integrins are transmembrane cell adhesion receptors, that integrate signaling between cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes with the ECM by the communication of mechanical stress signals. Integrins play an important role in the development of pathological ECM deposition. This review will discuss the role of integrins in mechano-transduced cardiac fibrosis in response to disease throughout the myocardium. This review will also demonstrate the important role of integrins as both initiators of the fibrotic response, and modulators of fibrosis through their effect on cardiac fibroblast physiology across the various heart chambers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B. Meagher
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Xavier Alexander Lee
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Joseph Lee
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Aylin Visram
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Mark K. Friedberg
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Labatt Family Heart Center and Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Kim A. Connelly
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +141-686-45201
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Li S, Nguyen NUN, Xiao F, Menendez-Montes I, Nakada Y, Tan WLW, Anene-Nzelu CG, Foo RS, Thet S, Cardoso AC, Wang P, Elhelaly WM, Lam NT, Pereira AHM, Hill JA, Sadek HA. Mechanism of Eccentric Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Secondary to Severe Mitral Regurgitation. Circulation 2020; 141:1787-1799. [PMID: 32272846 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.043939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary valvular heart disease is a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in both industrialized and developing countries. Although the primary consequence of valvular heart disease is myocardial dysfunction, treatment of valvular heart diseases centers around valve repair or replacement rather than prevention or reversal of myocardial dysfunction. This is particularly evident in primary mitral regurgitation (MR), which invariably results in eccentric hypertrophy and left ventricular (LV) failure in the absence of timely valve repair or replacement. The mechanism of LV dysfunction in primary severe MR is entirely unknown. METHODS Here, we developed the first mouse model of severe MR. Valvular damage was achieved by severing the mitral valve leaflets and chords with iridectomy scissors, and MR was confirmed by echocardiography. Serial echocardiography was performed to follow up LV morphology and systolic function. Analysis of cardiac tissues was subsequently performed to evaluate valve deformation, cardiomyocyte morphology, LV fibrosis, and cell death. Finally, dysregulated pathways were assessed by RNA-sequencing analysis and immunofluorescence. RESULTS In the ensuing 15 weeks after the induction of MR, gradual LV dilatation and dysfunction occurred, resulting in severe systolic dysfunction. Further analysis revealed that severe MR resulted in a marked increase in cardiac mass and increased cardiomyocyte length but not width, with electron microscopic evidence of sarcomere disarray and the development of sarcomere disruption. From a mechanistic standpoint, severe MR resulted in activation of multiple components of both the mammalian target of rapamycin and calcineurin pathways. Inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling preserved sarcomeric structure and prevented LV remodeling and systolic dysfunction. Immunohistochemical analysis uncovered a differential pattern of expression of the cell polarity regulator Crb2 (crumbs homolog 2) along the longitudinal axis of cardiomyocytes and close to the intercalated disks in the MR hearts. Electron microscopy images demonstrated a significant increase in polysome localization in close proximity to the intercalated disks and some areas along the longitudinal axis in the MR hearts. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that LV dysfunction in response to severe MR is a form of maladaptive eccentric cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and outline the link between cell polarity regulation and spatial localization protein synthesis as a pathway for directional cardiomyocyte growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.L.).,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, China (S.L.).,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Ngoc Uyen Nhi Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Ivan Menendez-Montes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Yuji Nakada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Wilson Lek Wen Tan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.).,Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.)
| | - Chukwuemeka George Anene-Nzelu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.).,Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.)
| | - Roger S Foo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.).,Genome Institute of Singapore (W.L.W.T., C.G.A.-N., R.S.F.)
| | - Suwannee Thet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Alisson Campos Cardoso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo (A.C.C., A.H.M.P.)
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Waleed M Elhelaly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Nicholas T Lam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Ana Helena Macedo Pereira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo (A.C.C., A.H.M.P.)
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Department of Molecular Biology (J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (S.L., N.U.N.N., F.X., I.M.-M., Y.N., S.T., A.C.C., P.W., W.M.E., N.T.L., A.H.M.P., J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine (H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Department of Molecular Biology (J.A.H., H.A.S.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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10
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Morphological and Functional Characteristics of Animal Models of Myocardial Fibrosis Induced by Pressure Overload. Int J Hypertens 2020; 2020:3014693. [PMID: 32099670 PMCID: PMC7013318 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3014693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of myocardial interstitial collagen, abnormal distribution, and excessive proliferation of fibroblasts. According to the researches in recent years, myocardial fibrosis, as the pathological basis of various cardiovascular diseases, has been proven to be a core determinant in ventricular remodeling. Pressure load is one of the causes of myocardial fibrosis. In experimental models of pressure-overload-induced myocardial fibrosis, significant increase in left ventricular parameters such as interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness and the decrease of ejection fraction are some of the manifestations of cardiac damage. These morphological and functional changes have a serious impact on the maintenance of physiological functions. Therefore, establishing a suitable myocardial fibrosis model is the basis of its pathogenesis research. This paper will discuss the methods of establishing myocardial fibrosis model and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the models in order to provide a strong basis for establishing a myocardial fibrosis model.
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11
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Wei L, Zhou Q, Tian H, Su Y, Fu GH, Sun T. Integrin β3 promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and attenuates hypoxia-induced apoptosis via regulating the PTEN/Akt/mTOR and ERK1/2 pathways. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:644-654. [PMID: 32025212 PMCID: PMC6990915 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.39414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Integrin β3 is one of the main integrin heterodimer receptors on the surface of cardiac myocytes. Our previous studies showed that hypoxia induces apoptosis and increases integrin β3 expression in cardiomyocytes. However, the exact mechanism by which integrin β3 protects against apoptosis remains unclear. Hence, the present investigation aimed to explore the mechanism of integrin β3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Methods: Stable cells and in vivo acute and chronic heart failure rat models were generated to reveal the essential role of integrin β3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation and apoptosis. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expression of integrin β3 in the stable cells and rat cardiac tissue. Flow cytometer was used to investigate the role of integrin β3 in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Confocal microscopy was used to detect the localization of integrin β3 and integrin αv in cardiomyocytes. Results: A cobaltous chloride-induced hypoxic microenvironment stimulated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and increased integrin β3 expression in H9C2 cells, AC16 cells, and cardiac tissue from acute and chronic heart failure rats. The overexpression of integrin β3 promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation, whereas silencing integrin β3 expression resulted in decreased cell proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, knocking down integrin β3 expression using shRNA or the integrin β3 inhibitor cilengitide exacerbated cobaltous chloride-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, whereas overexpression of integrin β3 weakened cobaltous chloride-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis. We found that integrin β3 promoted cardiomyocytes proliferation through the regulation of the PTEN/Akt/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. In addition, we found that knockdown of integrin αv or integrin β1 weakened the effect of integrin β3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Conclusion: Our findings revealed the molecular mechanism of the role of integrin β3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying myocardial protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiang Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China
| | - Hua Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China
| | - Yifan Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guo-Hui Fu
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.280, South Chong-Qing Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Shanghai, 200025, China
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12
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Dukinfield M, Maniati E, Reynolds LE, Aubdool A, Baliga RS, D'Amico G, Maiques O, Wang J, Bedi KC, Margulies KB, Sanz‐Moreno V, Hobbs A, Hodivala‐Dilke K. Repurposing an anti-cancer agent for the treatment of hypertrophic heart disease. J Pathol 2019; 249:523-535. [PMID: 31424556 PMCID: PMC6900130 DOI: 10.1002/path.5340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction combined with maladaptive cardiomyocyte morphology and energetics is a major contributor to heart failure advancement. Thus, dually enhancing cardiac angiogenesis and targeting cardiomyocyte function to slow, or reverse, the development of heart failure is a logical step towards improved therapy. We present evidence for the potential to repurpose a former anti-cancer Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-mimetic pentapeptide, cilengitide, here used at low doses. Cilengitide targets αvβ3 integrin and this protein is upregulated in human dilated and ischaemic cardiomyopathies. Treatment of mice after abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) surgery with low-dose cilengitide (ldCil) enhances coronary angiogenesis and directly affects cardiomyocyte hypertrophy with an associated reduction in disease severity. At a molecular level, ldCil treatment has a direct effect on cardiac endothelial cell transcriptomic profiles, with a significant enhancement of pro-angiogenic signalling pathways, corroborating the enhanced angiogenic phenotype after ldCil treatment. Moreover, ldCil treatment of Angiotensin II-stimulated AngII-stimulated cardiomyocytes significantly restores transcriptomic profiles similar to those found in normal human heart. The significance of this finding is enhanced by transcriptional similarities between AngII-treated cardiomyocytes and failing human hearts. Taken together, our data provide evidence supporting a possible new strategy for improved heart failure treatment using low-dose RGD-mimetics with relevance to human disease. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dukinfield
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Eleni Maniati
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Louise E Reynolds
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Aisah Aubdool
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Reshma S Baliga
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Gabriela D'Amico
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Jun Wang
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Kenneth C Bedi
- Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania, Translational Research CenterPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Kenneth B Margulies
- Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania, Translational Research CenterPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Victoria Sanz‐Moreno
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Adrian Hobbs
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
| | - Kairbaan Hodivala‐Dilke
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse SquareLondonUK
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13
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Yoon Lee J, Chung J, Hwa Kim K, Hyun An S, Yi JE, Ae Kwon K, Kwon K. Extracorporeal shock waves protect cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by upregulating survivin via the integrin-ILK-Akt-Sp1/p53 axis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12149. [PMID: 31434946 PMCID: PMC6704172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anti-cancer drug; however, it has limited application due to cardiotoxicity. Extracorporeal shock waves (ESW) have been suggested to treat inflammatory and ischemic diseases, but the concrete effect of ESW in DOX-induced cardiomyopathy remain obscure. After H9c2 cells were subjected to ESW (0.04 mJ/cm2), they were treated with 1 μM DOX. As a result, ESW protected cardiomyocytes from DOX-induced cell death. H9c2 cells treated with DOX downregulated p-Akt and survivin expression, whereas the ESW treatment recovered both, suggesting its anti-apoptotic effect. ESW activated integrin αvβ3 and αvβ5, cardiomyocyte mechanosensors, followed by upregulation of ILK, p-Akt and survivin levels. Further, Sp1 and p53 were determined as key transcriptional factors mediating survivin expression via Akt phosphorylation by ESW. In in vivo acute DOX-induced cardiomyopathy model, the echocardiographic results showed that group subjected to ESW recovered from acute DOX-induced cardiomyopathy; left ventricular function was improved. The immunohistochemical staining results showed increased survivin and Bcl2 expression in ESW + DOX group compared to those in the DOX-injected group. In conclusion, non-invasive shockwaves protect cardiomyocytes from DOX-induced cardiomyopathy by upregulating survivin via integrin-ILK-Akt-Sp1/p53 pathway. In vivo study proposed ESW as a new kind of specific and safe therapy against acute DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yoon Lee
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 158-710, Korea
| | - Jihwa Chung
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 158-710, Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwa Kim
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 158-710, Korea
| | - Shung Hyun An
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 158-710, Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, School of medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 158-710, Korea
| | - Kyoung Ae Kwon
- Graduate School of Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kihwan Kwon
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 158-710, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, School of medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 158-710, Korea.
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14
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Sauls K, Greco TM, Wang L, Zou M, Villasmil M, Qian L, Cristea IM, Conlon FL. Initiating Events in Direct Cardiomyocyte Reprogramming. Cell Rep 2019; 22:1913-1922. [PMID: 29444441 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells (iCM) holds great potential for heart regeneration and disease modeling and may lead to future therapeutic applications. Currently, application of this technology is limited by our lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive direct iCM reprogramming. Using a quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach, we identified the temporal global changes in protein abundance that occur during initial phases of iCM reprogramming. Collectively, our results show systematic and temporally distinct alterations in levels of specific functional classes of proteins during the initiating steps of reprogramming including extracellular matrix proteins, translation factors, and chromatin-binding proteins. We have constructed protein relational networks associated with the initial transition of a fibroblast into an iCM. These findings demonstrate the presence of an orchestrated series of temporal steps associated with dynamic changes in protein abundance in a defined group of protein pathways during the initiating events of direct reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Sauls
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Todd M Greco
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Li Wang
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Meng Zou
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Michelle Villasmil
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Li Qian
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Frank L Conlon
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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15
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Chinnakkannu P, Reese C, Gaspar JA, Panneerselvam S, Pleasant-Jenkins D, Mukherjee R, Baicu C, Tourkina E, Hoffman S, Kuppuswamy D. Suppression of angiotensin II-induced pathological changes in heart and kidney by the caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207844. [PMID: 30576317 PMCID: PMC6303044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system leads to systemic hypertension and maladaptive fibrosis in various organs. We showed recently that myocardial fibrosis and the loss of cardiac function in mice with transverse aortic constriction (TAC) could be averted by treatment with the caveolin-1 scaffolding domain (CSD) peptide. Here, we used angiotensin II (AngII) infusion (2.1 mg/kg/day for 2 wk) in mice as a second model to confirm and extend our observations on the beneficial effects of CSD on heart and kidney disease. AngII caused cardiac hypertrophy (increased heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW) and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area); fibrosis in heart and kidney (increased levels of collagen I and heat shock protein-47 (HSP47)); and vascular leakage (increased levels of IgG in heart and kidney). Echocardiograms of AngII-infused mice showed increased left ventricular posterior wall thickness (pWTh) and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), and decreased ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO). CSD treatment (i.p. injections, 50 μg/mouse/day) of AngII-infused mice significantly suppressed all of these pathological changes in fibrosis, hypertrophy, vascular leakage, and ventricular function. AngII infusion increased β1 and β3 integrin levels and activated Pyk2 in both heart and kidney. These changes were also suppressed by CSD. Finally, bone marrow cell (BMC) isolated from AngII-infused mice showed hyper-migration toward SDF1. When AngII-infused mice were treated with CSD, BMC migration was reduced to the basal level observed in cells from control mice. Importantly, CSD did not affect the AngII-induced increase in blood pressure (BP), indicating that the beneficial effects of CSD were not mediated via normalization of BP. These results strongly indicate that CSD suppresses AngII-induced pathological changes in mice, suggesting that CSD can be developed as a treatment for patients with hypertension and pressure overload-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panneerselvam Chinnakkannu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Charles Reese
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Saraswathi Panneerselvam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dorea Pleasant-Jenkins
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rupak Mukherjee
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Catalin Baicu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Elena Tourkina
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Stanley Hoffman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dhandapani Kuppuswamy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
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16
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Su Y, Tian H, Wei L, Fu G, Sun T. Integrin β3 inhibits hypoxia-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:658-665. [PMID: 29800236 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced apoptosis plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. Integrin β3 is one of the main integrin heterodimer receptors on the surface of cardiac myocytes. However, despite the important role that integrin β3 plays in the cardiovascular disease, its exact role in the hypoxia response remains unclear. Hence, in the present investigation we aimed to study the role of integrin β3 in hypoxia-induced apoptosis in H9C2 cells and primary rat myocardial cells. MTT assay, flow cytometry and TUNEL assay results showed that hypoxia inhibited cardiomyocyte proliferation and induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The expression levels of integrin β3 and HIF1α were upregulated in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes as revealed by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. Furthermore, knockdown of integrin β3 expression by siRNA increased hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In addition, integrin β3 overexpression weakened hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The protein expressions of integrin β3 and HIF1α were upregulated in acute myocardial infarction rat cardiac tissues compared with the control rat cardiac tissues. Our data suggest that integrin β3 plays a protective role in cardiomyocytes during hypoxia-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijiang Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohui Fu
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cheng X, Zheng J, Li G, Göbel V, Zhang H. Degradation for better survival? Role of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1438-1460. [PMID: 29493067 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a prevalent post-translational modification, ubiquitination is essential for many developmental processes. Once covalently attached to the small and conserved polypeptide ubiquitin (Ub), a substrate protein can be directed to perform specific biological functions via its Ub-modified form. Three sequential catalytic reactions contribute to this process, among which E3 ligases serve to identify target substrates and promote the activated Ub to conjugate to substrate proteins. Ubiquitination has great plasticity, with diverse numbers, topologies and modifications of Ub chains conjugated at different substrate residues adding a layer of complexity that facilitates a huge range of cellular functions. Herein, we highlight key advances in the understanding of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis, with an emphasis on the latest insights into its roles in cellular events involved in polarized epithelial tissue, including cell adhesion, asymmetric localization of polarity determinants and cytoskeletal organization. In addition, the physiological roles of ubiquitination are discussed for typical examples of epithelial morphogenesis, such as lung branching, vascular development and synaptic formation and plasticity. Our increased understanding of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis may provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying epithelial regeneration and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Cheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Gang Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Verena Göbel
- Department of Pediatrics, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114,, U.S.A
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
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Chen YW, Gregory C, Ye F, Harafuji N, Lott D, Lai SH, Mathur S, Scarborough M, Gibbs P, Baligand C, Vandenborne K. Molecular signatures of differential responses to exercise trainings during rehabilitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2. [PMID: 28845464 PMCID: PMC5568829 DOI: 10.15761/bgg.1000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The loss and recovery of muscle mass and function following injury and during rehabilitation varies among individuals. While recent expression profiling studies have illustrated transcriptomic responses to muscle disuse and remodeling, how these changes contribute to the physiological responses are not clear. In this study, we quantified the effects of immobilization and subsequent rehabilitation training on muscle size and identified molecular pathways associated with muscle responsiveness in an orthopaedic patient cohort study. The injured leg of 16 individuals with ankle injury was immobilized for a minimum of 4 weeks, followed by a 6-week rehabilitation program. The maximal cross-sectional area (CSA) of the medial gastrocnemius muscle of the immobilized and control legs were determined by T1-weighted axial MRI images. Genome-wide mRNA profiling data were used to identify molecular signatures that distinguish the patients who responded to immobilization and rehabilitation and those who were considered minimal responders. RESULTS: Using 6% change as the threshold to define responsiveness, a greater degree of changes in muscle size was noted in high responders (−14.9 ± 3.6%) compared to low responders (0.1 ± 0.0%) during immobilization. In addition, a greater degree of changes in muscle size was observed in high responders (20.5 ± 3.2%) compared to low responders (2.5 ± 0.9%) at 6-week rehabilitation. Microarray analysis showed a higher number of genes differentially expressed in the responders compared to low responders in general; with more expression changes observed at the acute stage of rehabilitation in both groups. Pathways analysis revealed top molecular pathways differentially affected in the groups, including genes involved in mitochondrial function, protein turn over, integrin signaling and inflammation. This study confirmed the extent of muscle atrophy due to immobilization and recovery by exercise training is associated with distinct remodeling signature, which can potentially be used for evaluating and predicting clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Chris Gregory
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Naoe Harafuji
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Donovan Lott
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - San-Huei Lai
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Sunita Mathur
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, USA
| | - Mark Scarborough
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Parker Gibbs
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Celine Baligand
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Krista Vandenborne
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Pleasant-Jenkins D, Reese C, Chinnakkannu P, Kasiganesan H, Tourkina E, Hoffman S, Kuppuswamy D. Reversal of maladaptive fibrosis and compromised ventricular function in the pressure overloaded heart by a caveolin-1 surrogate peptide. J Transl Med 2017; 97:370-382. [PMID: 28112757 PMCID: PMC5909408 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic ventricular pressure overload (PO) results in congestive heart failure (CHF) in which myocardial fibrosis develops in concert with ventricular dysfunction. Caveolin-1 is important in fibrosis in various tissues due to its decreased expression in fibroblasts and monocytes. The profibrotic effects of low caveolin-1 can be blocked with the caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide (CSD, a caveolin-1 surrogate) using both mouse models and human cells. We have studied the beneficial effects of CSD on mice in which PO was induced by trans-aortic constriction (TAC). Beneficial effects observed in TAC mice receiving CSD injections daily included: improved ventricular function (increased ejection fraction, stroke volume, and cardiac output; reduced wall thickness); decreased collagen I, collagen chaperone HSP47, fibronectin, and CTGF levels; decreased activation of non-receptor tyrosine kinases Pyk2 and Src; and decreased activation of eNOS. To determine the source of cells that contribute to fibrosis in CHF, flow cytometric studies were performed that suggested that myofibroblasts in the heart are in large part bone marrow-derived. Two CD45+ cell populations were observed. One (Zone 1) contained CD45+/HSP47-/macrophage marker+ cells (macrophages). The second (Zone 2) contained CD45moderate/HSP47+/macrophage marker- cells often defined as fibrocytes. TAC increased the number of cells in Zones 1 and 2 and the level of HSP47 in Zone 2. These studies are a first step in elucidating the mechanism of action of CSD in heart fibrosis and promoting the development of CSD as a novel treatment to reduce fibrosis and improve ventricular function in CHF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorea Pleasant-Jenkins
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Charles Reese
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Harinath Kasiganesan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Elena Tourkina
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Stanley Hoffman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Dhandapani Kuppuswamy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Charleston, SC, USA
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20
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Civitarese RA, Kapus A, McCulloch CA, Connelly KA. Role of integrins in mediating cardiac fibroblast–cardiomyocyte cross talk: a dynamic relationship in cardiac biology and pathophysiology. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 112:6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
Unlike diet and exercise, which individuals can modulate according to their lifestyle, aging is unavoidable. With normal or healthy aging, the heart undergoes extensive vascular, cellular, and interstitial molecular changes that result in stiffer less compliant hearts that experience a general decline in organ function. Although these molecular changes deemed cardiac remodeling were once thought to be concomitant with advanced cardiovascular disease, they can be found in patients without manifestation of clinical disease. It is now mostly acknowledged that these age-related mechanical changes confer vulnerability of the heart to cardiovascular stresses associated with disease, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. However, recent studies have aimed at differentiating the initial compensatory changes that occur within the heart with age to maintain contractile function from the maladaptive responses associated with disease. This work has identified new targets to improve cardiac function during aging. Spanning invertebrate to vertebrate models, we use this review to delineate some hallmarks of physiological versus pathological remodeling that occur in the cardiomyocyte and its microenvironment, focusing especially on the mechanical changes that occur within the sarcomere, intercalated disc, costamere, and extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla O Sessions
- From the Biomedical Sciences Program (A.O.S., A.J.E.) and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (A.J.E.); and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA (A.J.E.)
| | - Adam J Engler
- From the Biomedical Sciences Program (A.O.S., A.J.E.) and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (A.J.E.); and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA (A.J.E.).
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22
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Zhu Y, Li L, Gong S, Yu Y, Dai H, Cai G, Yan J. ß3-integrin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes via the Akt signaling pathway. Cardiology 2015; 130:249-59. [PMID: 25824726 DOI: 10.1159/000371489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of β 3 -integrin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes and its underlying mechanism. METHODS β 3 -Integrin expression in cardiomyocytes was up- or downregulated by adenovirus transfection or cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptide treatment before LPS stimulation. The expression of autophagy-associated proteins (LC3-II, Beclin-1 and Bcl-2) and the activation of Akt were determined using Western blotting. Autophagosomes and autophagic vacuoles were observed using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) dye and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. RESULTS Downregulation of β 3 -integrin with cRGD peptide resulted in enhanced LC3-II and Beclin-1 and decreased Bcl-2 expression. Low Beclin-1 levels were detected after LPS stimulation in adenovirus β 3 -integrin-transfected cardiomyocytes. There was no significant difference in LC3-II levels between control and adenovirus β 3 -integrin-transfected cardiomyocytes. Enhanced accumulation of MDC dye and autophagosomes, which were inhibited by β 3 -integrin overexpression, were detected after LPS treatment. The increased phosphorylation of Akt after LPS stimulation was inhibited by cRGD and enhanced by β 3 -integrin overexpression. Furthermore, the Akt inhibitor triciribine inhibited the negative effect of β 3 - integrin on autophagy, as shown by LC3-II and Beclin-1 upregulation. CONCLUSIONS β 3 -Integrin inhibits LPS-induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes. The inhibition of Akt signaling might be an important mechanism in this process.
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23
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Chen C, Li R, Ross RS, Manso AM. Integrins and integrin-related proteins in cardiac fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 93:162-74. [PMID: 26562414 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is one of the major components of the healing mechanism following any injury of the heart and as such may contribute to both systolic and diastolic dysfunction in a range of pathophysiologic conditions. Canonically, it can occur as part of the remodeling process that occurs following myocardial infarction or that follows as a response to pressure overload. Integrins are cell surface receptors which act in both cellular adhesion and signaling. Most importantly, in the context of the continuously contracting myocardium, they are recognized as mechanotransducers. They have been implicated in the development of fibrosis in several organs, including the heart. This review will focus on the involvement of integrins and integrin-related proteins, in cardiac fibrosis, outlining the roles of these proteins in the fibrotic responses in specific cardiac pathologies, discuss some of the common end effectors (angiotensin II, transforming growth factor beta 1 and mechanical stress) through which integrins function and finally discuss how manipulation of this set of proteins may lead to new treatments which could prove useful to alter the deleterious effects of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093-0613, USA; Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
| | - Ruixia Li
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093-0613, USA; Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
| | - Robert S Ross
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093-0613, USA; Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
| | - Ana Maria Manso
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093-0613, USA; Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
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24
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Balasubramanian S, Pleasant DL, Kasiganesan H, Quinones L, Zhang Y, Sundararaj KP, Roche S, O’Connor R, Bradshaw AD, Kuppuswamy D. Dasatinib Attenuates Pressure Overload Induced Cardiac Fibrosis in a Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction Model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140273. [PMID: 26458186 PMCID: PMC4601773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive cardiac fibrosis resulting from chronic pressure overload (PO) compromises ventricular function and contributes to congestive heart failure. We explored whether nonreceptor tyrosine kinases (NTKs) play a key role in fibrosis by activating cardiac fibroblasts (CFb), and could potentially serve as a target to reduce PO-induced cardiac fibrosis. Our studies were carried out in PO mouse myocardium induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Administration of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, dasatinib, via an intraperitoneally implanted mini-osmotic pump at 0.44 mg/kg/day reduced PO-induced accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and improved left ventricular geometry and function. Furthermore, dasatinib treatment inhibited NTK activation (primarily Pyk2 and Fak) and reduced the level of FSP1 positive cells in the PO myocardium. In vitro studies using cultured mouse CFb showed that dasatinib treatment at 50 nM reduced: (i) extracellular accumulation of both collagen and fibronectin, (ii) both basal and PDGF-stimulated activation of Pyk2, (iii) nuclear accumulation of Ki67, SKP2 and histone-H2B and (iv) PDGF-stimulated CFb proliferation and migration. However, dasatinib did not affect cardiomyocyte morphologies in either the ventricular tissue after in vivo administration or in isolated cells after in vitro treatment. Mass spectrometric quantification of dasatinib in cultured cells indicated that the uptake of dasatinib by CFb was greater that that taken up by cardiomyocytes. Dasatinib treatment primarily suppressed PDGF but not insulin-stimulated signaling (Erk versus Akt activation) in both CFb and cardiomyocytes. These data indicate that dasatinib treatment at lower doses than that used in chemotherapy has the capacity to reduce hypertrophy-associated fibrosis and improve ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dorea L. Pleasant
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Harinath Kasiganesan
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lakeya Quinones
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kamala P. Sundararaj
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | | | | | - Amy D. Bradshaw
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dhandapani Kuppuswamy
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Wu Q, Zhang J, Koh W, Yu Q, Zhu X, Amsterdam A, Davis GE, Arnaout MA, Xiong JW. Talin1 is required for cardiac Z-disk stabilization and endothelial integrity in zebrafish. FASEB J 2015; 29:4989-5005. [PMID: 26310270 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-273409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Talin (tln) binds and activates integrins to couple extracellular matrix-bound integrins to the cytoskeleton; however, its role in heart development is not well characterized. We identified the defective gene and the resulting cardiovascular phenotypes in zebrafish tln1(fl02k) mutants. The ethylnitrosourea-induced fl02k mutant showed heart failure, brain hemorrhage, and diminished cardiac and vessel lumens at 52 h post fertilization. Positional cloning revealed a nonsense mutation of tln1 in this mutant. tln1, but neither tln2 nor -2a, was dominantly expressed in the heart and vessels. Unlike tln1 and -2 in the mouse heart, the unique tln1 expression in the heart enabled us, for the first time, to determine the critical roles of Tln1 in the maintenance of cardiac sarcomeric Z-disks and endothelial/endocardial cell integrity, partly through regulating F-actin networks in zebrafish. The similar expression profiles of tln1 and integrin β1b (itgb1b) and synergistic function of the 2 genes revealed that itgb1b is a potential partner for tln1 in the stabilization of cardiac Z-disks and vessel lumens. Taken together, the results of this work suggest that Tln1-mediated Itgβ1b plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiac sarcomeric Z-disks and endothelial/endocardial cell integrity in zebrafish and may also help to gain molecular insights into congenital heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wonshill Koh
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qingming Yu
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam Amsterdam
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George E Davis
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Amin Arnaout
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jing-Wei Xiong
- *Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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26
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Rossi JL, Todd T, Daniels Z, Bazan NG, Belayev L. Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 Upregulation Precedes the Development of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Cerebral Edema after Traumatic Brain Injury in Young Mice. J Neurotrauma 2015; 32:1101-8. [PMID: 25669448 PMCID: PMC4504440 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2014.3611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) plays a pivotal role in development of cerebral edema, a known complication following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children and a contributing factor to worsened neurologic recovery. Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is upregulated after cerebral ischemia and is neuroprotective. The significant role of ISG15 after TBI has not been studied. Postnatal Day (PND) 21 and PND24 mice were subjected to lateral closed-skull injury with impact depth of 2.0 or 2.25 mm. Behavior was examined at 7 d using two-object novel recognition and Wire Hang tests. Mice were sacrificed at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 7 d. ISG15 and MLCK were analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption with Evans Blue (EB), and cerebral edema with wet/dry weights. EB extravasation and edema peaked at 72 h in both ages. PND21 mice had more severe neurological deficits, compared with PND24 mice. PND24 mice showed peak ISG15 expression at 6 h, and PND21 mice at 72 h. MLCK peaked in both age groups at 12 h and co-localized with ISG15 on immunohistochemistry and co-immunoprecipitation. These studies provide evidence, ISG15 is elevated following TBI in mice, preceding MLCK elevation, development of BBB disruption, and cerebral edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet L. Rossi
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Children's Hospital of New Orleans, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Tracey Todd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Zachary Daniels
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Nicolas G. Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Ludmila Belayev
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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27
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The systemic milieu as a mediator of dietary influence on stem cell function during ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 19:53-64. [PMID: 25481406 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The regenerative decline of organisms during ageing is linked to the reduced proliferative activity, impaired function and exhaustion of tissue-specific stem and progenitor cells. Studies using heterochronic parabiosis, involving the surgical attachment of young and old organisms so that they share a common vascular system, have revealed that the systemic environment has a profound effect on stem cell function. In particular, specific youthful rejuvenating circulatory factors reverse age-related declines in stem cell function, whereas the old milieu contains inhibitory factors that impede stem cell function in young animals. Similarly, the effects of certain dietary interventions, namely calorie restriction, also induce a more youthful cellular and molecular phenotype in ageing stem cells throughout the body. Further to this, there are key molecular pathways involved in translating the availability of nutrients into altered stem cell function, including signalling in the insulin and insulin-like growth factor and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. In this review, we discuss the potential role of dietary interventions to promote a more rejuvenating systemic milieu in order to enhance stem cell function and promote healthy ageing.
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28
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Mu L, Jing C, Guo Z. Expressions of CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c integrin proteins in rats with myocardial hypertrophy. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 17:874-8. [PMID: 25691929 PMCID: PMC4328096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the expressions of CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c integrins in the myocardial tissues of rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial hypertrophy. This study also provided morphological data to investigate the signal transduction mechanisms of myocardial hypertrophy and reverse it. MATERIALS AND METHODS A myocardial hypertrophy model was established by subcutaneously injecting isoprenaline in healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Myocardial tissues were obtained, embedded in conventional paraffin, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin. Pathological changes in myocardial tissues were then observed. The expressions and distributions of CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c integrins were detected by immunohistochemistry. Changes in the mRNA expressions of CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c in the myocardial tissues of rats were detected by RT-PCR. Image analysis software was used to determine the expressions of CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c integrins quantitatively. RESULTS Immunohistochemical results showed that the positive expressions of CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c integrins increased significantly in the experimental group compared with those in the control group. The mRNA expressions of CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c in the myocardial tissues of rats were consistent with the immunohistochemical results. CONCLUSION The increase in the protein expressions of CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c integrins may have an important role in the occurrence and development of myocardial hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmin Mu
- Morphological Laboratory of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China,Corresponding author: Lingmin Mu, Morphological Laboratory of Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China. Tel: 86-373-3029887; Fax: 86-373-3029887;
| | - Changqin Jing
- Life Science and Technology Department, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Guo
- Key Open Laboratory for Tissue Regeneration of Henan Providence, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
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Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric, transmembrane receptors that are expressed in all cells, including those in the heart. They participate in multiple critical cellular processes including adhesion, extracellular matrix organization, signaling, survival, and proliferation. Particularly relevant for a contracting muscle cell, integrins are mechanotransducers, translating mechanical to biochemical information. Although it is likely that cardiovascular clinicians and scientists have the highest recognition of integrins in the cardiovascular system from drugs used to inhibit platelet aggregation, the focus of this article will be on the role of integrins specifically in the cardiac myocyte. After a general introduction to integrin biology, the article will discuss important work on integrin signaling, mechanotransduction, and lessons learned about integrin function from a range of model organisms. Then we will detail work on integrin-related proteins in the myocyte, how integrins may interact with ion channels and mediate viral uptake into cells, and also play a role in stem cell biology. Finally, we will discuss directions for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Israeli-Rosenberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA, and Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ana Maria Manso
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA, and Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hideshi Okada
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA, and Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert S Ross
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA, and Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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Stewart JA, Gardner JD, Brower GL, Janicki JS. Temporal changes in integrin-mediated cardiomyocyte adhesion secondary to chronic cardiac volume overload in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 306:H101-8. [PMID: 24163072 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00541.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have established integrins as cell surface receptors that mediate cardiomyocyte-extracellular matrix (ECM) attachments. This study sought to determine the contributions of the myocardial β1- and β3-integrin subunits to ventricular dilatation and coronary flow regulation using a blood-perfused isolated heart preparation. Furthermore, cardiomyocyte adhesion to collagen types I and IV, fibronectin, and laminin with and without a β1-integrin subunit neutralizing antibody was assessed during the course of remodeling secondary to a sustained cardiac volume overload, including the onset of heart failure. Isolated cardiomyocytes were obtained during the initial, compensated, and decompensated phases of remodeling resulting from an aortocaval fistula created in 8-wk-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Blocking the β1-integrin subunit in isolated normal hearts produced ventricular dilatation, whereas this was not the case when the β3-subunit was blocked. Substantial reductions in cardiomyocyte adhesion coincided with the previously documented development of ventricular dilatation and decreased contractility postfistula, with the β1-integrin contribution to adhesion ranging from 28% to 73% over the course of remodeling being essentially substrate independent. In contrast, both integrin subunits were found to be involved in regulating coronary vascular resistance. It is concluded that marked reductions in integrin-mediated cardiomyocyte adhesion to the ECM play a significant role in the progression of adverse myocardial remodeling that leads to heart failure. Furthermore, although both the β1- and β3-integrin subunits were involved in regulating coronary vascular resistance, only inhibition of β1-integrin-mediated adhesion resulted in ventricular dilatation of the normal heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Stewart
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
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31
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Loffredo FS, Steinhauser ML, Jay SM, Gannon J, Pancoast JR, Yalamanchi P, Sinha M, Dall'Osso C, Khong D, Shadrach JL, Miller CM, Singer BS, Stewart A, Psychogios N, Gerszten RE, Hartigan AJ, Kim MJ, Serwold T, Wagers AJ, Lee RT. Growth differentiation factor 11 is a circulating factor that reverses age-related cardiac hypertrophy. Cell 2013; 153:828-39. [PMID: 23663781 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 693] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The most common form of heart failure occurs with normal systolic function and often involves cardiac hypertrophy in the elderly. To clarify the biological mechanisms that drive cardiac hypertrophy in aging, we tested the influence of circulating factors using heterochronic parabiosis, a surgical technique in which joining of animals of different ages leads to a shared circulation. After 4 weeks of exposure to the circulation of young mice, cardiac hypertrophy in old mice dramatically regressed, accompanied by reduced cardiomyocyte size and molecular remodeling. Reversal of age-related hypertrophy was not attributable to hemodynamic or behavioral effects of parabiosis, implicating a blood-borne factor. Using modified aptamer-based proteomics, we identified the TGF-β superfamily member GDF11 as a circulating factor in young mice that declines with age. Treatment of old mice to restore GDF11 to youthful levels recapitulated the effects of parabiosis and reversed age-related hypertrophy, revealing a therapeutic opportunity for cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco S Loffredo
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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32
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Laitinen I, Notni J, Pohle K, Rudelius M, Farrell E, Nekolla SG, Henriksen G, Neubauer S, Kessler H, Wester HJ, Schwaiger M. Comparison of cyclic RGD peptides for αvβ3 integrin detection in a rat model of myocardial infarction. EJNMMI Res 2013; 3:38. [PMID: 23663426 PMCID: PMC3658936 DOI: 10.1186/2191-219x-3-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Expression of αvβ3 integrin is increased after myocardial infarction as part of the repair process. Increased expression of αvβ3 has been shown by molecular imaging with 18F-galacto-RGD in a rat model. The 68Ga-labelled RGD compounds 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD and 68Ga-TRAP(RGD)3 have high specificity and affinity, and may therefore serve as alternatives of 18F-galacto-RGD for integrin imaging. Methods Left coronary artery ligation was performed in rats. After 1 week, rats were imaged with [13N]NH3, followed by 18F-galacto-RGD, 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD or 68Ga-TRAP(RGD)3 using a dedicated animal PET/CT device. Rats were killed, and the activity in tissues was measured by gamma counting. The heart was sectioned for autoradiography and histology. Immunohistochemistry was performed on consecutive sections using CD31 for the endothelial cells and CD61 for β3 expression (as part of the αvβ3 receptor). Results In vivo imaging showed focal RGD uptake in the hypoperfused area of infarcted myocardium as defined with [13N]NH3 scan. In autoradiography images, augmented uptake of all RGD tracers was observed within the infarct area as verified by the HE staining. The tracer uptake ratios (infarct vs. remote) were 4.7 ± 0.8 for 18F-galacto-RGD, 5.2 ± 0.8 for 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD, and 4.1 ± 0.7 for 68Ga-TRAP(RGD)3. The 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD ratio was higher compared to 68Ga-TRAP(RGD)3 (p = 0.04), but neither of the 68Ga tracers differed from 18F-galacto-RGD (p > 0.05). The area of augmented 68Ga-RGD uptake was associated with β3 integrin expression (CD61). Conclusion 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD and 68Ga-TRAP(RGD)3 uptake was equally increased in the infarct area at 1 week post infarction as 18F-galacto-RGD. These results show the potential of 68Ga-labelled RGD peptides to monitor integrin expression as a part of myocardial repair and angiogenesis after ischaemic injury in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iina Laitinen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Munich 81675, Germany.
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33
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Manso AM, Li R, Monkley SJ, Cruz NM, Ong S, Lao DH, Koshman YE, Gu Y, Peterson KL, Chen J, Abel ED, Samarel AM, Critchley DR, Ross RS. Talin1 has unique expression versus talin 2 in the heart and modifies the hypertrophic response to pressure overload. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:4252-64. [PMID: 23266827 PMCID: PMC3567677 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.427484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are adhesive, signaling, and mechanotransduction proteins. Talin (Tln) activates integrins and links it to the actin cytoskeleton. Vertebrates contain two talin genes, tln1 and tln2. How Tln1 and Tln2 function in cardiac myocytes (CMs) is unknown. Tln1 and Tln2 expression were evaluated in the normal embryonic and adult mouse heart as well as in control and failing human adult myocardium. Tln1 function was then tested in the basal and mechanically stressed myocardium after cardiomyocyte-specific excision of the Tln1 gene. During embryogenesis, both Tln forms are highly expressed in CMs, but in the mature heart Tln2 becomes the main Tln isoform, localizing to the costameres. Tln1 expression is minimal in the adult CM. With pharmacological and mechanical stress causing hypertrophy, Tln1 is up-regulated in CMs and is specifically detected at costameres, suggesting its importance in the compensatory response to CM stress. In human failing heart, CM Tln1 also increases compared with control samples from normal functioning myocardium. To directly test Tln1 function in CMs, we generated CM-specific Tln1 knock-out mice (Tln1cKO). Tln1cKO mice showed normal basal cardiac structure and function but when subjected to pressure overload showed blunted hypertrophy, less fibrosis, and improved cardiac function versus controls. Acute responses of ERK1/2, p38, Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase 3 after mechanical stress were strongly blunted in Tln1cKO mice. Given these results, we conclude that Tln1 and Tln2 have distinct functions in the myocardium. Our data show that reduction of CM Tln1 expression can lead to improved cardiac remodeling following pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Manso
- From the Veterans Administration Healthcare, San Diego, California 92161
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Ruixia Li
- From the Veterans Administration Healthcare, San Diego, California 92161
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Susan J. Monkley
- the Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom, and
| | - Nathalia M. Cruz
- From the Veterans Administration Healthcare, San Diego, California 92161
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Shannon Ong
- From the Veterans Administration Healthcare, San Diego, California 92161
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Dieu H. Lao
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Yevgeniya E. Koshman
- the Department of Physiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153
| | - Yusu Gu
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Kirk L. Peterson
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Ju Chen
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - E. Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Allen M. Samarel
- the Department of Physiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153
| | - David R. Critchley
- the Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom, and
| | - Robert S. Ross
- From the Veterans Administration Healthcare, San Diego, California 92161
- UCSD School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093
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Maillet M, van Berlo JH, Molkentin JD. Molecular basis of physiological heart growth: fundamental concepts and new players. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2013; 14:38-48. [PMID: 23258295 PMCID: PMC4416212 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The heart hypertrophies in response to developmental signals as well as increased workload. Although adult-onset hypertrophy can ultimately lead to disease, cardiac hypertrophy is not necessarily maladaptive and can even be beneficial. Progress has been made in our understanding of the structural and molecular characteristics of physiological cardiac hypertrophy, as well as of the endocrine effectors and associated signalling pathways that regulate it. Physiological hypertrophy is initiated by finite signals, which include growth hormones (such as thyroid hormone, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor) and mechanical forces that converge on a limited number of intracellular signalling pathways (such as PI3K, AKT, AMP-activated protein kinase and mTOR) to affect gene transcription, protein translation and metabolism. Harnessing adaptive signalling mediators to reinvigorate the diseased heart could have important medical ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Maillet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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35
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Maillet M, van Berlo JH, Molkentin JD. Molecular basis of physiological heart growth: fundamental concepts and new players. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2013; 14:38-48. [PMID: 23258295 PMCID: PMC4416212 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3495, 10.1038/nrn3406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The heart hypertrophies in response to developmental signals as well as increased workload. Although adult-onset hypertrophy can ultimately lead to disease, cardiac hypertrophy is not necessarily maladaptive and can even be beneficial. Progress has been made in our understanding of the structural and molecular characteristics of physiological cardiac hypertrophy, as well as of the endocrine effectors and associated signalling pathways that regulate it. Physiological hypertrophy is initiated by finite signals, which include growth hormones (such as thyroid hormone, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor) and mechanical forces that converge on a limited number of intracellular signalling pathways (such as PI3K, AKT, AMP-activated protein kinase and mTOR) to affect gene transcription, protein translation and metabolism. Harnessing adaptive signalling mediators to reinvigorate the diseased heart could have important medical ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Maillet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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36
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Balasubramanian S, Quinones L, Kasiganesan H, Zhang Y, Pleasant DL, Sundararaj KP, Zile MR, Bradshaw AD, Kuppuswamy D. β3 integrin in cardiac fibroblast is critical for extracellular matrix accumulation during pressure overload hypertrophy in mouse. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45076. [PMID: 22984613 PMCID: PMC3440340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The adhesion receptor β3 integrin regulates diverse cellular functions in various tissues. As β3 integrin has been implicated in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, we sought to explore the role of β3 integrin in cardiac fibrosis by using wild type (WT) and β3 integrin null (β3-/-) mice for in vivo pressure overload (PO) and in vitro primary cardiac fibroblast phenotypic studies. Compared to WT mice, β3-/- mice upon pressure overload hypertrophy for 4 wk by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) showed a substantially reduced accumulation of interstitial fibronectin and collagen. Moreover, pressure overloaded LV from β3-/- mice exhibited reduced levels of both fibroblast proliferation and fibroblast-specific protein-1 (FSP1) expression in early time points of PO. To test if the observed impairment of ECM accumulation in β3-/- mice was due to compromised cardiac fibroblast function, we analyzed primary cardiac fibroblasts from WT and β3-/- mice for adhesion to ECM proteins, cell spreading, proliferation, and migration in response to platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF, a growth factor known to promote fibrosis) stimulation. Our results showed that β3-/- cardiac fibroblasts exhibited a significant reduction in cell-matrix adhesion, cell spreading, proliferation and migration. In addition, the activation of PDGF receptor associated tyrosine kinase and non-receptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2, upon PDGF stimulation were impaired in β3-/- cells. Adenoviral expression of a dominant negative form of Pyk2 (Y402F) resulted in reduced accumulation of fibronectin. These results indicate that β3 integrin-mediated Pyk2 signaling in cardiac fibroblasts plays a critical role in PO-induced cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lakeya Quinones
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Harinath Kasiganesan
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dorea L. Pleasant
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kamala P. Sundararaj
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Zile
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Amy D. Bradshaw
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dhandapani Kuppuswamy
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mohammed SF, Storlie JR, Oehler EA, Bowen LA, Korinek J, Lam CSP, Simari RD, Burnett JC, Redfield MM. Variable phenotype in murine transverse aortic constriction. Cardiovasc Pathol 2012; 21:188-98. [PMID: 21764606 PMCID: PMC3412352 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In mice, transverse aortic constriction (TAC) is variably characterized as a model of pressure overload-induced hypertrophy (left ventricular [LV] hypertrophy, or LVH) or heart failure (HF). While commonly used, variability in the TAC model is poorly defined. The objectives of this study were to characterize the variability in the TAC model and to define a simple, noninvasive method of prospectively identifying mice with HF versus compensated LVH after TAC. METHODS Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice underwent TAC or sham and then echocardiography at 3 weeks post-TAC. A group of sham and TAC mice were euthanized after the 3-week echocardiogram, while the remainder underwent repeat echocardiography and were euthanized at 9 weeks post-TAC. The presence of TAC was assessed with two-dimensional echocardiography, anatomic aortic m-mode and color flow, and pulsed-wave Doppler examination of the transverse aorta (TA) and by LV systolic pressure (LVP). Trans-TAC pressure gradient was assessed invasively in a subset of mice. HF was defined as lung/body weight>upper limit in sham-operated mice. RESULTS As compared with sham, TAC mice had higher TA velocity, LVP and LV weight, and lower ejection fraction (EF) at 3 or 9 weeks post-TAC. Only a subset of TAC mice (28%) developed HF. As compared with compensated LVH, HF mice were characterized by similar TA velocity and higher percent TA stenosis, but lower LVP, higher LV weight, larger LV cavity, lower EF and stress-corrected midwall fiber shortening, and more fibrosis. Both EF and LV mass measured by echocardiography at 3 weeks post-TAC were predictive of the presence of HF at 3 or 9 weeks post-TAC. CONCLUSIONS In wild-type mice, TAC produces a variable cardiac phenotype. Marked abnormalities in LV mass and EF at echocardiography 3 weeks post-TAC identify mice with HF at autopsy. These data are relevant to appropriate design and interpretation of murine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma F Mohammed
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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38
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Cheng Z, DiMichele LA, Hakim ZS, Rojas M, Mack CP, Taylor JM. Targeted focal adhesion kinase activation in cardiomyocytes protects the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:924-33. [PMID: 22383703 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.245134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously reported that cardiac-restricted deletion of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) exacerbated myocyte death following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Here, we interrogated whether targeted elevation of myocardial FAK activity could protect the heart from I/R injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Transgenic mice were generated with myocyte-specific expression of a FAK variant (termed SuperFAK) that conferred elevated allosteric activation. FAK activity in unstressed transgenic hearts was modestly elevated, but this had no discernable effect on anabolic heart growth or cardiac function. Importantly, SuperFAK hearts exhibited a dramatic increase in FAK activity and a reduction in myocyte apoptosis and infarct size 24 to 72 hours following I/R. Moreover, serial echocardiography revealed that the transgenic mice were protected from cardiac decompensation for up to 8 weeks following surgery. Mechanistic studies revealed that elevated FAK activity protected cardiomyocytes from I/R-induced apoptosis by enhancing nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-dependent survival signaling during the early period of reperfusion (30 and 60 minutes). Moreover, adenoviral-mediated expression of SuperFAK in cultured cardiomyocytes attenuated H(2)O(2) or hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis, whereas blockade of the NF-κB pathway using a pharmacological inhibitor or small interfering RNAs completely abolished the beneficial effect of SuperFAK. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing cardiac FAK activity attenuates I/R-induced myocyte apoptosis through activation of the prosurvival NF-κB pathway and may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599, USA
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Patterson C, Portbury A, Schisler JC, Willis MS. Tear me down: role of calpain in the development of cardiac ventricular hypertrophy. Circ Res 2011; 109:453-62. [PMID: 21817165 PMCID: PMC3151485 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.110.239749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy develops most commonly in response to hypertension and is an independent risk factor for the development of heart failure. The mechanisms by which cardiac hypertrophy may be reversed to reduce this risk have not been fully determined to the point where mechanism-specific therapies have been developed. Recently, proteases in the calpain family have been implicated in the regulation of the development of cardiac hypertrophy in preclinical animal models. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms by which calpain inhibition has been shown to modulate the development of cardiac (specifically ventricular) hypertrophy. The context within which calpain inhibition might be developed for therapeutic intervention of cardiac hypertrophy is then discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cam Patterson
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrea Portbury
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Monte S. Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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40
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Harston RK, McKillop JC, Moschella PC, Van Laer A, Quinones LS, Baicu CF, Balasubramanian S, Zile MR, Kuppuswamy D. Rapamycin treatment augments both protein ubiquitination and Akt activation in pressure-overloaded rat myocardium. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 300:H1696-706. [PMID: 21357504 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00545.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation is necessary for both increased ventricular mass and survival signaling for compensated hypertrophy in pressure-overloaded (PO) myocardium. Another molecular keystone involved in the hypertrophic growth process is the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which forms two distinct functional complexes: mTORC1 that activates p70S6 kinase-1 to enhance protein synthesis and mTORC2 that activates Akt to promote cell survival. Independent studies in animal models show that rapamycin treatment that alters mTOR complexes also reduces hypertrophic growth and increases lifespan by an unknown mechanism. We tested whether the ubiquitin-mediated regulation of growth and survival in hypertrophic myocardium is linked to the mTOR pathway. For in vivo studies, right ventricle PO in rats was conducted by pulmonary artery banding; the normally loaded left ventricle served as an internal control. Rapamycin (0.75 mg/kg per day) or vehicle alone was administered intraperitoneally for 3 days or 2 wk. Immunoblot and immunofluorescence imaging showed that the level of ubiquitylated proteins in cardiomyocytes that increased following 48 h of PO was enhanced by rapamycin. Rapamycin pretreatment also significantly increased PO-induced Akt phosphorylation at S473, a finding confirmed in cardiomyocytes in vitro to be downstream of mTORC2. Analysis of prosurvival signaling in vivo showed that rapamycin increased PO-induced degradation of phosphorylated inhibitor of κB, enhanced expression of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1, and decreased active caspase-3. Long-term rapamycin treatment in 2-wk PO myocardium blunted hypertrophy, improved contractile function, and reduced caspase-3 and calpain activation. These data indicate potential cardioprotective benefits of rapamycin in PO hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Harston
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, South Caroline, USA
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41
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Integrins are the necessary links to hypertrophic growth in cardiomyocytes. JOURNAL OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION 2011; 2011:521742. [PMID: 21637377 PMCID: PMC3101892 DOI: 10.1155/2011/521742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To compensate for hemodynamic overload of the heart, an event which stretches the myocardium, growth and survival signaling are activated in cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). Integrins serve as the signaling receptors of cardiomyocytes responsible for mechanotransduction toward intracellular signaling. The main integrin heterodimers on the cardiomyocyte surface are α(5)β(1) and α(v)β(3), and elimination of either β(1) or β(3) integrins impedes pressure-induced hypertrophic signaling and leads to increased mortality. The growth signaling pathways downstream of β(1) and β(3) integrins are well characterized. However, new integrin pathways responsible for inhibiting apoptosis induced by hemodynamic overload are emerging. β(1) and β(3) integrins activate differential survival signaling, yet both integrins initiate survival signaling downstream of ubiquitination and the kinase pathway including phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt. Further characterization of these integrin-signaling mechanisms may lead to drug targets to prevent decompensation to heart failure.
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Suryakumar G, Kasiganesan H, Balasubramanian S, Kuppuswamy D. Lack of beta3 integrin signaling contributes to calpain-mediated myocardial cell loss in pressure-overloaded myocardium. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2010; 55:567-73. [PMID: 20224428 PMCID: PMC3319054 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181d9f5d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although cardiac hypertrophy initially ensues as a compensatory mechanism, it often culminates in congestive heart failure. Based on our earlier studies that calpain and beta3 integrin play cell death and survival roles, respectively, during pressure-overload (PO) hypertrophy, we investigated if the loss of beta3 integrin signaling is a potential mechanism for calpain-mediated cardiomyocyte death during PO. beta3 Integrin knockout (beta3) and wild-type mice were used to induce either moderate or severe PO in vivo for short-term (72-hour) and long-term (4-week) transverse aortic constriction. Whereas wild-type mice showed no changes during moderate PO at both time points, beta3 mice exhibited both enrichment of the mu-calpain isoform and programmed cell death of cardiomyocytes after 4-week PO. However, with severe PO that caused increased mortality in both mice groups, cell death was observed in wild-type mice also. To study calpain's role, calpeptin, a specific inhibitor of calpain, was administered through an osmotic mini-pump at 2.5 mg/kg per day beginning 3 days before moderate transverse aortic constriction or sham surgery. Calpeptin administration blocked both calpain enrichment and myocardial cell death in the 4-week PO beta3 mice. Because beta3 integrin contributes to cardioprotective signaling, these studies indicate that the loss of specific integrin function could be a key mechanism for calpain-mediated programmed cell death of cardiomyocytes in PO myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Suryakumar
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Harinath Kasiganesan
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Dhandapani Kuppuswamy
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina
- Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29425
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Shewchuk LJ, Bryan S, Ulanova M, Khaper N. Integrin β3 prevents apoptosis of HL-1 cardiomyocytes under conditions of oxidative stressThis article is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue on Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2010; 88:324-30. [DOI: 10.1139/y09-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Integrin receptors are essential in the regulation of vital cardiac functions, and impaired integrin activity has been associated with cardiac remodeling. Oxidative stress is known to be involved in apoptosis and cardiac remodeling and thus may profoundly influence cardiac function via integrin modulation. The aim of this study was to determine the expression pattern and functional role of integrins in HL-1 cardiomyocytes under conditions of oxidative stress. Gene expression was studied by end-point and real-time PCR; surface protein expression was studied by flow cytometry; integrin knockdown was accomplished by siRNA gene silencing; and apoptosis was studied by annexin V staining and active caspase-3/7 using flow cytometry. Among the various subunits under study (αv, α5, α6, and β1, β3, β4, and β5), the expression of β3 integrin was significantly increased at both the mRNA and protein levels in cardiomyocytes exposed to 100 µmol/L hydrogen peroxide for 3 h. Gene silencing of β3 integrin by using siRNA resulted in a 2-fold increase in cardiomyocyte apoptosis upon treatment with hydrogen peroxide. This increase in apoptosis, as measured by annexin V staining, correlated with an increase in active caspase-3/7. Integrin β3 plays a vital role in preventing cardiomyocyte apoptosis under conditions of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J. Shewchuk
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Sean Bryan
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Marina Ulanova
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Neelam Khaper
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
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Mani SK, Balasubramanian S, Zavadzkas JA, Jeffords LB, Rivers WT, Zile MR, Mukherjee R, Spinale FG, Kuppuswamy D. Calpain inhibition preserves myocardial structure and function following myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 297:H1744-51. [PMID: 19734364 PMCID: PMC2781387 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00338.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac pathology, such as myocardial infarction (MI), activates intracellular proteases that often trigger programmed cell death and contribute to maladaptive changes in myocardial structure and function. To test whether inhibition of calpain, a Ca(2+)-dependent cysteine protease, would prevent these changes, we used a mouse MI model. Calpeptin, an aldehydic inhibitor of calpain, was intravenously administered at 0.5 mg/kg body wt before MI induction and then at the same dose subcutaneously once per day. Both calpeptin-treated (n = 6) and untreated (n = 6) MI mice were used to study changes in myocardial structure and function after 4 days of MI, where end-diastolic volume (EDV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) were measured by echocardiography. Calpain activation and programmed cell death were measured by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). In MI mice, calpeptin treatment resulted in a significant improvement in EF [EF decreased from 67 + or - 2% pre-MI to 30 + or - 4% with MI only vs. 41 + or - 2% with MI + calpeptin] and attenuated the increase in EDV [EDV increased from 42 + or - 2 microl pre-MI to 73 + or - 4 microl with MI only vs. 55 + or - 4 microl with MI + calpeptin]. Furthermore, calpeptin treatment resulted in marked reduction in calpain- and caspase-3-associated changes and TUNEL staining. These studies indicate that calpain contributes to MI-induced alterations in myocardial structure and function and that it could be a potential therapeutic target in treating MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh K Mani
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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