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Liang S, Cao W, Zhuang Y, Zhang D, Du S, Shi H. Suppression of microRNA-320 Induces Cerebral Protection Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Targeting HMGB1/NF-kappaB Axis. Physiol Res 2024; 73:127-138. [PMID: 38466011 PMCID: PMC11019618 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been shown to potentially function in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. This study aimed to examine the expression of microRNA-320 (miR-320) in cerebral IR injury and its involvement in cerebral mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses by targeting the HMGB1/NF-kappaB axis. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion to simulate cerebral IR injury. The cerebral expression of miR-320 was assessed using qRT-PCR. Neurological function, cerebral infarct volume, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated using relevant methods, including staining, fluorometry, and ELISA. HMGB1 expression was analyzed through Western blotting. The levels of miR-320, HMGB1, neurological deficits, and cerebral infarction were significantly higher after IR induction. Intracerebral overexpression of miR-320 resulted in substantial neurological deficits, increased infarct volume, elevated levels of 8-isoprostane, NF-kappaBp65, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and HMGB1 expression. It also promoted the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS levels while reducing MnSOD and GSH levels. Downregulation of miR-320 and inhibition of HMGB1 activity significantly reversed the outcomes of cerebral IR injury. MiR-320 plays a negative role in regulating cerebral inflammatory/oxidative reactions induced by IR injury by enhancing HMGB1 activity and modulating mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Liu K, Tronstad O, Flaws D, Churchill L, Jones AYM, Nakamura K, Fraser JF. From bedside to recovery: exercise therapy for prevention of post-intensive care syndrome. J Intensive Care 2024; 12:11. [PMID: 38424645 PMCID: PMC10902959 DOI: 10.1186/s40560-024-00724-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As advancements in critical care medicine continue to improve Intensive Care Unit (ICU) survival rates, clinical and research attention is urgently shifting toward improving the quality of survival. Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) is a complex constellation of physical, cognitive, and mental dysfunctions that severely impact patients' lives after hospital discharge. This review provides a comprehensive and multi-dimensional summary of the current evidence and practice of exercise therapy (ET) during and after an ICU admission to prevent and manage the various domains of PICS. The review aims to elucidate the evidence of the mechanisms and effects of ET in ICU rehabilitation and highlight that suboptimal clinical and functional outcomes of ICU patients is a growing public health concern that needs to be urgently addressed. MAIN BODY This review commences with a brief overview of the current relationship between PICS and ET, describing the latest research on this topic. It subsequently summarises the use of ET in ICU, hospital wards, and post-hospital discharge, illuminating the problematic transition between these settings. The following chapters focus on the effects of ET on physical, cognitive, and mental function, detailing the multi-faceted biological and pathophysiological mechanisms of dysfunctions and the benefits of ET in all three domains. This is followed by a chapter focusing on co-interventions and how to maximise and enhance the effect of ET, outlining practical strategies for how to optimise the effectiveness of ET. The review next describes several emerging technologies that have been introduced/suggested to augment and support the provision of ET during and after ICU admission. Lastly, the review discusses future research directions. CONCLUSION PICS is a growing global healthcare concern. This review aims to guide clinicians, researchers, policymakers, and healthcare providers in utilising ET as a therapeutic and preventive measure for patients during and after an ICU admission to address this problem. An improved understanding of the effectiveness of ET and the clinical and research gaps that needs to be urgently addressed will greatly assist clinicians in their efforts to rehabilitate ICU survivors, improving patients' quality of survival and helping them return to their normal lives after hospital discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keibun Liu
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia.
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Non-Profit Organization ICU Collaboration Network (ICON), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Oystein Tronstad
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Physiotherapy Department, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dylan Flaws
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Metro North Mental Health, Caboolture Hospital, Caboolture, Australia
- School of Clinical Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Luke Churchill
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Physiotherapy Department, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alice Y M Jones
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kensuke Nakamura
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- St. Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Lin YH, Su CH, Chen HM, Wu MS, Pan HA, Chang CN, Cheng YS, Chang WT, Chiu CC, Teng YN. MicroRNA-320a enhances LRWD1 expression through the AGO2/FXR1-dependent pathway to affect cell behaviors and the oxidative stress response in human testicular embryonic carcinoma cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3973-3988. [PMID: 38385979 PMCID: PMC10929808 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular cancer is fairly rare but can affect fertility in adult males. Leucine-rich repeats- and WD repeat domain-containing protein 1 (LRWD1) is a sperm-specific marker that mainly affects sperm motility in reproduction. Our previous study demonstrated the impact of LRWD1 on testicular cancer development; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS In this study, various plasmids associated with LRWD1 and miR-320a manipulation were used to explore the roles and regulatory effects of these molecules in NT2D1 cellular processes. A Dual-Glo luciferin-luciferase system was used to investigate LRWD1 transcriptional activity, and qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to determine gene and protein expression. RESULTS The results suggested that miR-320a positively regulated LRWD1 and positively correlated with NT2D1 cell proliferation but negatively correlated with cell migration and invasion ability. In addition, the miRNA-ribonucleoprotein complex AGO2/FXR1 was shown to be essential in the mechanism by which miR-320a regulates LRWD1 mRNA expression. As miR-320a was required to regulate LRWD1 expression through the AGO2 and FXR1 complex, eEF2 and eLF4E were also found to be involved in miR-320a increasing LRWD1 expression. Furthermore, miR-320a and LRWD1 were responsive to oxidative stress, and NRF2 was affected by the presence of miR-320a in response to ROS stimulation. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study showing the role of miR-320a in upregulating the testicular cancer-specific regulator LRWD1 and the importance of the AGO2/FXR1 complex in miR-320a-mediated upregulation of LRWD1 during testicular cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsiung Lin
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Su
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 700, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Mei Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 700, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Syuan Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 700, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-An Pan
- An-An Women and Children Clinic, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ning Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 700, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Cheng
- Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ni Teng
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 700, Taiwan
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Sadeghi MS, Lotfi M, Soltani N, Farmani E, Fernandez JHO, Akhlaghitehrani S, Mohammed SH, Yasamineh S, Kalajahi HG, Gholizadeh O. Recent advances on high-efficiency of microRNAs in different types of lung cancer: a comprehensive review. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:284. [PMID: 37986065 PMCID: PMC10661689 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinoma of the lung is among the most common types of cancer globally. Concerning its histology, it is categorized as a non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) and a small cell cancer (SCLC) subtype. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a member of non-coding RNA whose nucleotides range from 19 to 25. They are known to be critical regulators of cancer via epigenetic control of oncogenes expression and by regulating tumor suppressor genes. miRNAs have an essential function in a tumorous microenvironment via modulating cancer cell growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis. Moreover, a wide range of information produced via several investigations indicates their tumor-suppressing, oncogenic, diagnostic assessment, and predictive marker functions in different types of lung malignancy. miRNA mimics or anti-miRNAs can be transferred into a lung cancer cell, with possible curative implications. As a result, miRNAs hold promise as targets for lung cancer treatment and detection. In this study, we investigate the different functions of various miRNAs in different types of lung malignancy, which have been achieved in recent years that show the lung cancer-associated regulation of miRNAs expression, concerning their function in lung cancer beginning, development, and resistance to chemotherapy, also the probability to utilize miRNAs as predictive biomarkers for therapy reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleh Sadeghi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Lotfi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Soltani
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vieira PCM, Maués JHDS, Lamarão LM, Moreira-Nunes CA, Burbano RMR. MicroRNA 320a and Membrane Antigens as Tools to Evaluate the Pathophysiology of Platelets Stored in Blood Banks. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1838-1850. [PMID: 35678655 PMCID: PMC9164066 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44050126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research group, through the analysis of miRNomes in platelet concentrates (PCs) stored in blood banks, identified and validated the miR-127 and miR-320a miRNAs as biomarkers of platelet storage lesions (PSLs) in PCs. In order to validate the miRNAs 127 and 320a methodologically, as PSL biomarkers in a large number of PC bags, we also evaluated important immunological markers involved in the platelet activation/aggregation process—the CD62P receptor (P-selectin), the surface glycoproteins (GP) IIb/IIIa, and the purinergic P2Y12 receptor—via flow cytometry. The miRNAs miR-127 and miR-320a were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). To carry out this study, 500 collection tubes were used at the upper edge of the PC bags containing platelets. Each tube was divided into seven equal parts (totaling 3500 samples) for platelet analysis from 7 different storage days, where the 1st day represents the high-quality control, and the 7th day corresponds to the low-quality control of the platelets. After analyzing all parameters during storage days, it was concluded that the relative quantification of miR-320a below 0.50 and the CD62P receptor below 27.92% are reliable indicators of the absence of storage lesions in blood banks. We believe that the values found in the expression of the CD62P receptor legitimize the use of the miR-320a and miR-127 miRNAs to build a kit capable of accurately measuring whether the stored platelets are suitable for transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Cristina Moura Vieira
- Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém 66063-240, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, CE, Brazil
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Itaperi Campus Fortaleza, Ceará State University, Fortaleza 60740-903, CE, Brazil
- Correspondence: (C.A.M.-N.); (R.M.R.B.)
| | - Rommel Mário Rodríguez Burbano
- Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém 66063-240, PA, Brazil
- Correspondence: (C.A.M.-N.); (R.M.R.B.)
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Podgórski R, Cieśla M, Podgórska D, Bajorek W, Płonka A, Czarny W, Trybulski R, Król P. Plasma microRNA-320a as a Potential Biomarker of Physiological Changes during Training in Professional Volleyball Players. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11010263. [PMID: 35012004 PMCID: PMC8746094 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A deeper insight into the mechanisms responsible for athlete performance that may serve as specific and detailed training indicators is still desired, because conventionally used biomarkers provide limited information about the adaptive processes that occur during exercise. The objective of our study was to assess insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF1R) gene expression and evaluate plasma concentration of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) during a 10-week training period (sampling times: week 1, 4, 7, and 10) in a group of 12 professional female volleyball players. Circulating miRNAs (miR-223, miR-320a, and miR-486) with established concentration in plasma and documented association with the IGF1 signaling pathway, which is involved in muscle development and recovery, were tested. The levels of analyzed miRNAs, tested by one-way ANOVA, were significantly different between four training periods during a 10-week training cycle (miR-223 p < 0.0001, miR-320a p = 0.00021, miR-486 p = 0.0037, respectively). The levels of IGF1R also appeared to be different (p = 0.00092), and their expression showed a trend to increase between the first and third periods. In the fourth period, the expression decreased, although it was higher compared with the baseline. Correlations between concentration levels of miR-223 and miR-320a (rs = 0.54, p < 0.001), as well as between miR-320a and miR-486 (rs = 0.73, p < 0.001) were also found. In the fourth period, a negative correlation between miR-223 plasma level and leucocyte IGF1R expression was found (rs = -0.63, p = 0.028). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that miR-320a (p = 0.024) and creatine kinase (p = 0.028) had the greatest impact on the expression levels of the IGF1R gene. Future studies are required to define whether these miRNAs, especially miR-320a, as well as IGF1R expression could be useful biomarkers of physiological changes during exercise and to discover their detailed biological roles in mode-specific exercise training adaptations of professional athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Podgórski
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-17851-68-55
| | - Marek Cieśla
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Dominika Podgórska
- Department of Internal Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Bajorek
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.P.); (W.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Artur Płonka
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.P.); (W.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Wojciech Czarny
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.P.); (W.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Robert Trybulski
- Department of Medical Sciences, The Wojciech Korfanty School of Economics, 40-659 Katowice, Poland;
- Provita Zory Medical Center, 44-240 Zory, Poland
| | - Paweł Król
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.P.); (W.C.); (P.K.)
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Wei J, Tian J, Tang C, Fang X, Miao R, Wu H, Wang X, Tong X. The Influence of Different Types of Diabetes on Vascular Complications. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:3448618. [PMID: 35242879 PMCID: PMC8888068 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3448618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The final outcome of diabetes is chronic complications, of which vascular complications are the most serious, which is the main cause of death for diabetic patients and the direct cause of the increase in the cost of diabetes. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are the main types of diabetes, and their pathogenesis is completely different. Type 1 diabetes is caused by genetics and immunity to destroy a large number of β cells, and insulin secretion is absolutely insufficient, which is more prone to microvascular complications. Type 2 diabetes is dominated by insulin resistance, leading to atherosclerosis, which is more likely to progress to macrovascular complications. This article explores the pathogenesis of two types of diabetes, analyzes the pathogenesis of different vascular complications, and tries to explain the different trends in the progression of different types of diabetes to vascular complications, in order to better prevent diabetes and its vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Wei
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jiaxing Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xinyi Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Runyu Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Evaluation of muscle-specific and metabolism regulating microRNAs in a chronic swimming rat model. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2021; 43:21-33. [PMID: 34893938 PMCID: PMC8897377 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Making benefit from the epigenetic effects of environmental factors such as physical activity may result in a considerable improvement in the prevention of chronic civilization diseases. In our chronic swimming rat model, the expression levels of such microRNAs were characterized, that are involved in skeletal muscle differentiation, hypertrophy and fine-tuning of metabolism, which processes are influenced by chronic endurance training, contributing to the metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle during physical activity. After chronic swimming, the level of miR-128a increased significantly in EDL muscles, which may influence metabolic adaptation and stress response as well. In SOL, the expression level of miR-15b and miR-451 decreased significantly after chronic swimming, which changes are opposite to their previously described increment in insulin resistant skeletal muscle. MiR-451 also targets PGC-1α mRNA, whiches expression level significantly increased in SOL muscles, resulting in enhanced biogenesis and oxidative capacity of mitochondria. In summary, the microRNA expression changes that were observed during our experiments suggest that chronic swim training contributes to a beneficial metabolic profile of skeletal muscle.
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Detection of Sepsis in Platelets Using MicroRNAs and Membrane Antigens. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121877. [PMID: 34946826 PMCID: PMC8701354 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study proposes to legitimize in sepsis a characteristic found in platelets that suffer storage lesions in blood banks, which is the increased expression of miRNA miR-320a in relation to miR-127. Under physiologically normal conditions, an inverse relationship is observed. The aim of this study was to verify whether the analysis of miR-320a and miR-127 expression in platelets could detect a decrease in their viability and function due to the presence of pathogens in the blood of patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit. We also investigated the expression of membrane antigens sensitive to platelet activation. Of the 200 patients analyzed, only those who developed sepsis (140) were found to have a higher relative quantity of miR-320a than that of miR-127. This characteristic and the increased expression of membrane antigens P2Y12, CD62P, CD41, and CD61 showed a significant association (p < 0.01) with all types of sepsis evaluated in this study. Additionally, 40% of patients hospitalized for sepsis had negative results for the first cultures. We conclude that analysis of miR-127 and miR-320a expression combined with membrane antigens evaluation, in association with the available clinical and diagnostic parameters, are important tools to detect the onset of sepsis.
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Rationale and design of a mechanistic clinical trial of JAK inhibition to prevent ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction. Respir Med 2021; 189:106620. [PMID: 34655959 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) is an important phenomenon that has been repeatedly demonstrated in experimental and clinical models of mechanical ventilation. Even a few hours of MV initiates signaling cascades that result in, first, reduced specific force, and later, atrophy of diaphragm muscle fibers. This severe, progressive weakness of the critical ventilatory muscle results in increased duration of MV and thus increased MV-associated complications/deaths. A drug that could prevent VIDD would likely have a major positive impact on intensive care unit outcomes. We identified the JAK/STAT pathway as important in VIDD and then demonstrated that JAK inhibition prevents VIDD in rats. We subsequently developed a clinical model of VIDD demonstrating reduced contractile force of isolated diaphragm fibers harvested after ∼7 vs ∼1 h of MV during a thoracic surgical procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS The NIH-funded clinical trial that has been initiated is a prospective, placebo controlled trial: subjects undergoing esophagectomy are randomized to receive 6 preoperative doses of the FDA-approved JAK inhibitor Tofacitinib (commonly used for rheumatoid arthritis) vs. placebo. The primary outcome variable will be the difference in the reduction that occurs in force generation of diaphragm single muscle fibers (normalized to their cross-sectional area), in the Tofacitinib vs. placebo subjects, over 6 h of MV. DISCUSSION This trial represents a first-in-human, mechanistic clinical trial of a drug to prevent VIDD. It will provide proof-of-concept in human subjects whether JAK inhibition prevents clinical VIDD, and if successful, will support an ICU-based clinical trial that would determine whether JAK inhibition impacts clinical outcome variables such as duration of MV and mortality.
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Xia X, Zhang H, Xia P, Zhu Y, Liu J, Xu K, Yuan Y. Identification of Glycolysis-Related lncRNAs and the Novel lncRNA WAC-AS1 Promotes Glycolysis and Tumor Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:733595. [PMID: 34527595 PMCID: PMC8437343 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.733595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High glycolysis efficiency in tumor cells can promote tumor growth. lncRNAs play an important role in the proliferation, metabolism and migration of cancer cells, but their regulation of tumor glycolysis is currently not well researched. METHODS We analyzed the co-expression of glycolysis-related genes and lncRNAs in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to screen glycolysis-related lncRNAs. Further prognostic analysis and differential expression analysis were performed. We further analyzed the relationship between lncRNAs and tumor immune infiltration. Since WAC antisense RNA 1 (WAC-AS1) had the greatest effect on the prognosis among all screened lncRNAs and had a larger coefficient in the prognostic model, we chose WAC-AS1 for further verification experiments and investigated the function and mechanism of action of WAC-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. RESULTS We screened 502 lncRNAs that have co-expression relationships with glycolytic genes based on co-expression analysis. Among them, 112 lncRNAs were abnormally expressed in liver cancer, and 40 lncRNAs were related to the prognosis of patients. Eight lncRNAs (WAC-AS1, SNHG3, SNHG12, MSC-AS1, MIR210HG, PTOV1-AS1, AC145207.5 and AL031985.3) were used to established a prognostic model. Independent prognostic analysis (P<0.001), survival analysis (P<0.001), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis (AUC=0.779) and clinical correlation analysis (P<0.001) all indicated that the prognostic model has good predictive power and that the risk score can be used as an independent prognostic factor (P<0.001). The risk score and lncRNAs in the model were found to be related to a variety of immune cell infiltration and immune functions. WAC-AS1 was found to affect glycolysis and promote tumor proliferation (P<0.01). WAC-AS1 affected the expression of several glycolysis-related genes (cAMP regulated phosphoprotein 19 (ARPP19), CHST12, MED24 and KIF2A) (P<0.01). Under hypoxic conditions, WAC-AS1 regulated ARPP19 by sponging miR-320d to promote glucose uptake and lactate production (P<0.01). CONCLUSION We constructed a model based on glycolysis-related lncRNAs to evaluate the prognostic risk of patients. The risk score and lncRNAs in the model were related to immune cell infiltration. WAC-AS1 can regulate ARPP19 to promote glycolysis and proliferation by sponging miR-320d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xigang Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Kequan Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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12
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Sindhu KJ, Venkatesan N, Karunagaran D. MicroRNA Interactome Multiomics Characterization for Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine: An Expert Review. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:545-566. [PMID: 34448651 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that are mutually modulated by their interacting partners (interactome) are being increasingly noted for their significant role in pathogenesis and treatment of various human cancers. Recently, miRNA interactome dissected with multiomics approaches has been the subject of focus since individual tools or methods failed to provide the necessary comprehensive clues on the complete interactome. Even though single-omics technologies such as proteomics can uncover part of the interactome, the biological and clinical understanding still remain incomplete. In this study, we present an expert review of studies involving multiomics approaches to identification of miRNA interactome and its application in mechanistic characterization, classification, and therapeutic target identification in a variety of cancers, and with a focus on proteomics. We also discuss individual or multiple miRNA-based interactome identification in various pathological conditions of relevance to clinical medicine. Various new single-omics methods that can be integrated into multiomics cancer research and the computational approaches to analyze and predict miRNA interactome are also highlighted in this review. In all, we contextulize the power of multiomics approaches and the importance of the miRNA interactome to achieve the vision and practice of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in cancer research and clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Sindhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Nalini Venkatesan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Devarajan Karunagaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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13
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Zhou Y, Lin F, Wan T, Chen A, Wang H, Jiang B, Zhao W, Liao S, Wang S, Li G, Xu Z, Wang J, Zhang J, Ma H, Lin D, Li Q. ZEB1 enhances Warburg effect to facilitate tumorigenesis and metastasis of HCC by transcriptionally activating PFKM. Theranostics 2021; 11:5926-5938. [PMID: 33897890 PMCID: PMC8058737 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, especially Warburg effect, is a key event in tumor initiation and progression. ZEB1 plays a vital role in metastasis of various cancers. We previously found that ZEB1 was excessively expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its high expression was closely correlated with metastasis and recurrence of HCC. We want to know whether glycolytic enzymes are regulated by ZEB1 and contribute to carcinogenesis and metastasis of HCC. Methods: To explore whether ZEB1 could enhance glycolysis in HCC, we knocked down ZEB1 by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in MHCC-97H and HCC-LM3 cells and performed glucose uptake, lactate production, ECAR and OCR assays. To investigate how ZEB1 enhances glycolysis, the protein levels of glycolytic enzymes were detected in the same cell lines using Western blot. The regulatory effect of ZEB1 on PFKM mRNA level was confirmed by RT-qPCR, luciferase report assay and ChIP assay. In order to assess the role of ZEB1-PFKM axis in cell proliferation, cell counting and CCK-8 assays were performed in MHCC-97H and HCC-LM3 cell lines knocked down for ZEB1 and further re-expressed for either ZEB1 or PFKM or not. To explored whether the ZEB1-PFKM axis also functions in HCC cell migration, invasion and metastasis, the same MHCC-97H and HCC-LM3 cell lines were performed for wound healing assays, transwell assays and colony formation assays, meanwhile, MHCC-97H cell lines were performed for orthotopic liver transplantation assays. Finally, the expression of ZEB1 and PFKM were examined in human liver cancer specimens and non-tumorous liver tissues using immunohistochemical and Western blot. Results: We found that ZEB1 transcriptionally upregulates the expression of the muscle isoform of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFKM), a rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis. Intriguingly, a non-classic ZEB1-binding sequence in the promoter region of PFKM was identified through which ZEB1 directly activates the transcription of PFKM. Silencing of ZEB1 in MHCC-97H and HCC-LM3 cell leads to impaired PFKM expression, glycolysis, proliferation and invasion, and such impairments are rescued by exogenous expression of PFKM. Importantly, in-situ HCC xenograft assays and studies from TCGA database demonstrate that ZEB1-PFKM axis is crucial for carcinogenesis and metastasis of HCC. Conclusions: Our study reveals a novel mechanism of ZEB1 in promoting HCC by activating the transcription of PFKM, establishing the direct link of ZEB1 to the promotion of glycolysis and Warburg effect and suggesting that inhibition of ZEB1 transcriptional activity toward PFKM may be a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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14
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Zhang Y, Shen L, Shi Q, Zhao G, Wang F. Comprehensive Analysis of APA Events and Their Association With Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:645360. [PMID: 33815479 PMCID: PMC8012674 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.645360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a pervasive posttranscriptional mechanism regulating gene expression. However, the specific dysregulation of APA events and its potential biological or clinical significance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. Methods Here, we collected RNA-Seq data from two independent datasets: GSE40419 (n = 146) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LUAD (n = 542). The DaPars algorithm was employed to characterize the APA profiles in tumor and normal samples. Spearman correlation was used to assess the effects of APA regulators on 3′ UTR changes in tumors. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify clinically relevant APA events and regulators. We stratified 512 patients with LUAD in the TCGA cohort through consensus clustering based on the expression of APA factors. Findings We identified remarkably consistent alternative 3′ UTR isoforms between the two cohorts, most of which were shortened in LUAD. Our analyses further suggested that aberrant usage of proximal polyA sites resulted in escape from miRNA binding, thus increasing gene expression. Notably, we found that the 3′ UTR lengths of the mRNA transcriptome were correlated with the expression levels of APA factors. We further identified that CPSF2 and CPEB3 may serve as key regulators in both datasets. Finally, four LUAD subtypes according to different APA factor expression patterns displayed distinct clinical results and oncogenic features related to tumor microenvironment including immune, metabolic, and hypoxic status. Interpretation Our analyses characterize the APA profiles among patients with LUAD and identify two key regulators for APA events in LUAD, CPSF2 and CPEB3, which could serve as the potential prognostic genes in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchu Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Libing Shen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qili Shi
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofang Zhao
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Fajiu Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
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15
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Jo S, Xu G, Jing G, Chen J, Shalev A. Human Glucagon Expression Is under the Control of miR-320a. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6052618. [PMID: 33367814 PMCID: PMC7814302 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased glucagon is a hallmark of diabetes and leads to worsening of the hyperglycemia, but the molecular mechanisms causing it are still unknown. We therefore investigated the possibility that microRNAs might be involved in the regulation of glucagon. Indeed, analysis of the glucagon 3' untranslated region (UTR) revealed potential binding sites for miR-320a, and using luciferase reporter assays we found that miR-320a directly targets the 3' UTRs of human and rodent glucagon. In addition, endogenous glucagon mRNA and protein expression as well as glucagon secretion were reduced in response to miR-320a overexpression, whereas inhibition of miR-320a upregulated glucagon expression. Interestingly, miR-320a expression was decreased by high glucose, and this was associated with an increase in glucagon expression in human islets and mouse αTC1-6 cells. Moreover, miR-320a overexpression completely blunted these effects. Importantly, miR-320a was also significantly downregulated in human islets of subjects with type 2 diabetes and this was accompanied by increased glucagon expression. Thus, our data suggest that glucose-induced downregulation of miR-320a may contribute to the paradoxical increase in glucagon observed in type 2 diabetes and reveal for the first time that glucagon expression is under the control by a microRNA providing novel insight into the abnormal regulation of glucagon in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeongHo Jo
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Guanlan Xu
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gu Jing
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Junqin Chen
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anath Shalev
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Correspondence: Anath Shalev, MD, Professor and Director, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, SHELBY Bldg 1206, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182, USA.
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16
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Du H, Zhao Y, Yin Z, Wang DW, Chen C. The role of miR-320 in glucose and lipid metabolism disorder-associated diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:402-416. [PMID: 33613101 PMCID: PMC7893589 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.53419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose and lipids are important nutrients that provide the majority of energy for each organ to maintain homeostasis of the body. With the continuous improvement in living standards, the incidence of metabolic disorder-associated diseases, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis, is increasing worldwide. Among them, diabetes, which could be induced by both glucose and lipid metabolic disorders, is one of the five diseases with the highest incidence and mortality worldwide. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and target-organ damage are still not fully defined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs, which usually affect their target mRNAs in the cytoplasm by post-transcriptional regulation. Previously, we have found that miR-320 contributed to glucose and lipid metabolism via different signaling pathways. Most importantly, we identified that nuclear miR-320 mediated diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction by activating the transcription of fatty acid metabolic genes to cause lipotoxicity in the heart. Here, we reviewed the roles of miR-320 in glucose and lipid metabolism and target-organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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17
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Ganapathy-Kanniappan S. PFKP phenotype in lung cancer: prognostic potential and beyond. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8271-8272. [PMID: 32915402 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Rapid utilization of glucose is a functional marker of cancer cells, and has been exploited in the clinical diagnosis of malignancies using imaging technology. Biochemically, an increase in the rate of glycolysis, (i.e.) the process of conversion of glucose into pyruvate accelerates the net rate of glucose consumption. One of the critical determinants of glycolytic flux is the enzyme, phosphofructokinase (PFK) which converts fructose-6-phosphate into fructose 1,6, bisphosphate. PFK activity is allosterically inhibited or upregulated by cellular ATP or AMP, respectively. In a recent report of Cellular Oncology, Shen et al., have investigated one of the forms of PFK known as the platelet-type PFK (PFKP) in lung cancer. Using clinical samples as well as experimental models the authors unravel the cancer-related roles of PFKP and demonstrate that PFKP phenotype may predict the prognosis of lung cancer. In this letter, the findings are discussed in the light of recent research to expand the potential application and clinical impact of PFKP phenotype in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugasundaram Ganapathy-Kanniappan
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Blalock 340, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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18
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Zhou L, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Nice E, Zou B, Huang C. Revisiting cancer hallmarks: insights from the interplay between oxidative stress and non-coding RNAs. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2020; 1:4. [PMID: 35006436 PMCID: PMC8603983 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-020-00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common disease worldwide, with complex changes and certain traits which have been described as “The Hallmarks of Cancer.” Despite increasing studies on in-depth investigation of these hallmarks, the molecular mechanisms associated with tumorigenesis have still not yet been fully defined. Recently, accumulating evidence supports the observation that microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), two main classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), regulate most cancer hallmarks through their binding with DNA, RNA or proteins, or encoding small peptides. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), the byproducts generated during metabolic processes, are known to regulate every step of tumorigenesis by acting as second messengers in cancer cells. The disturbance in ROS homeostasis leads to a specific pathological state termed “oxidative stress”, which plays essential roles in regulation of cancer progression. In addition, the interplay between oxidative stress and ncRNAs is found to regulate the expression of multiple genes and the activation of several signaling pathways involved in cancer hallmarks, revealing a potential mechanistic relationship involving ncRNAs, oxidative stress and cancer. In this review, we provide evidence that shows the essential role of ncRNAs and the interplay between oxidative stress and ncRNAs in regulating cancer hallmarks, which may expand our understanding of ncRNAs in the cancer development from the new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Edouard Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Bingwen Zou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China. .,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, P.R. China.
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19
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Ren C, Deng K, Wang Z, Deng M, Fan Y, Zhang Y, Ma J, Wang S, Liu Z, Wang F. Reinterpreting sheep muscle strand-specific RNA sequencing data showing extensive 3'UTR extensions. Anim Genet 2020; 51:788-798. [PMID: 32696483 DOI: 10.1111/age.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The more complex 3' UTR in higher organisms may have the function of increasing post-transcriptional gene regulation. Recent RNA sequencing technologies have provided us with the possibility to capture the complete 3' UTR landscape of different species and cells. However, no systematic analysis of sheep-related 3' UTR has been performed. Here, we conducted a detailed analysis of the 3' UTR with the primary goal of identifying intact 3' UTR landscapes in the sheep muscles of the three developmental stages. Based on strand-specific RNA sequencing (ssRNA-seq) data, we found that thousands of genes in sheep muscle are continuously transcribed after the UTR of the reference genome (Oar_v4.0). More than 66% of the 3' UTR extensions exhibit similar expression trends to their upstream gene exons. These 3' UTR extensions strongly enrich thousands of conserved microRNA binding sites. The 3' UTR extension-associated RNA of PFKM (PuaRNA) was predicted to be derived from the 3' UTR of PFKM. In sheep myocytes, myotubes and various tissues, the expression pattern of PuaRNA is positively correlated with that of PFKM. Taken together, these new 3' UTR annotations greatly extend the range of mammalian post-transcriptional regulatory networks, which have a particular impact on the regulation of sheep muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caifang Ren
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.,School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Kaiping Deng
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Zhibo Wang
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Mingtian Deng
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Yixuan Fan
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Jianyu Ma
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Shuting Wang
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Zifei Liu
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Sheep and Goat Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
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20
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Liu L, Wang Q, Qiu Z, Kang Y, Liu J, Ning S, Yin Y, Pang D, Xu S. Noncoding RNAs: the shot callers in tumor immune escape. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:102. [PMID: 32561709 PMCID: PMC7305134 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, designed to exploit the functions of the host immune system against tumors, has shown considerable potential against several malignancies. However, the utility of immunotherapy is heavily limited due to the low response rate and various side effects in the clinical setting. Immune escape of tumor cells may be a critical reason for such low response rates. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified as key regulatory factors in tumors and the immune system. Consequently, ncRNAs show promise as targets to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in tumors. However, the relationship between ncRNAs and tumor immune escape (TIE) has not yet been comprehensively summarized. In this review, we provide a detailed account of the current knowledge on ncRNAs associated with TIE and their potential roles in tumor growth and survival mechanisms. This review bridges the gap between ncRNAs and TIE and broadens our understanding of their relationship, providing new insights and strategies to improve immunotherapy response rates by specifically targeting the ncRNAs involved in TIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhilin Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yujuan Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiena Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shipeng Ning
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yanling Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China. .,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Shouping Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
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21
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Ding C, Qian C, Hou S, Lu J, Zou Q, Li H, Huang B. Exosomal miRNA-320a Is Released from hAMSCs and Regulates SIRT4 to Prevent Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in POI. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:37-50. [PMID: 32506013 PMCID: PMC7272510 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) were previously shown to effectively rescue ovarian function in a premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) mouse model. The therapeutic mechanism of hAMSC-derived exosomes (hAMSC-Exos) is not fully understood. In this study, the therapeutic mechanism involved in exosomal microRNA-320a (miR-320a) and Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) was investigated in POI mouse ovaries oocytes and human granulosa cells (hGCs) by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence experiments. hAMSC-Exos improved proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and decreased the expression of SIRT4 and relative genes in POI hGCs and ovaries. hAMSC-Exos elevated ovarian function and prohibited SIRT4 expression in oogenesis. The therapeutic effects were attenuated when miR-320a was knocked down. hAMSC-Exos decreased the ROS levels in POI hGCs and oocytes and improved ovarian weight and litter size, except for the Exosanti-miR-320a/POI group. Finally, hAMSC-Exos reduced the SIRT4 and ROS levels in POI ovaries and hGCs. The downstream protein expression (ANT2, AMP-dependent kinase [AMPK], and L-OPA1) was downregulated in the hGCs-SIRT4KD group but disappeared in the Exosanti-miR-320a/POI group. Our study is the first to illustrate the therapeutic potential of hAMSC-Exos in POI. Exosomal miR-320 plays a key role in the hAMSC-Exos-mediated effects on ovarian function via SIRT4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Ding
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Chunfeng Qian
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215002, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shunyu Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Jiafeng Lu
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Qinyan Zou
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215002, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Boxian Huang
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215002, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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22
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Is Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress the Key Contributor to Diaphragm Atrophy and Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients? Crit Care Res Pract 2020; 2020:8672939. [PMID: 32377432 PMCID: PMC7191397 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8672939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diaphragm dysfunction is prevalent in the progress of respiratory dysfunction in various critical illnesses. Respiratory muscle weakness may result in insufficient ventilation, coughing reflection suppression, pulmonary infection, and difficulty in weaning off respirators. All of these further induce respiratory dysfunction and even threaten the patients' survival. The potential mechanisms of diaphragm atrophy and dysfunction include impairment of myofiber protein anabolism, enhancement of myofiber protein degradation, release of inflammatory mediators, imbalance of metabolic hormones, myonuclear apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress. Among these contributors, mitochondrial oxidative stress is strongly implicated to play a key role in the process as it modulates diaphragm protein synthesis and degradation, induces protein oxidation and functional alteration, enhances apoptosis and autophagy, reduces mitochondrial energy supply, and is regulated by inflammatory cytokines via related signaling molecules. This review aims to provide a concise overview of pathological mechanisms of diaphragmatic dysfunction in critically ill patients, with special emphasis on the role and modulating mechanisms of mitochondrial oxidative stress.
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Wang Y, Yang J, Chen P, Song Y, An W, Zhang H, Butegeleqi B, Yan J. MicroRNA-320a inhibits invasion and metastasis in osteosarcoma by targeting cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1. Cancer Med 2020; 9:2833-2845. [PMID: 32064777 PMCID: PMC7163091 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor, which affects children, adolescents, and young adults commonly. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proved to be dysregulated in different cancers, including osteosarcoma. Although miR‐320a has been implicated in many types of malignancies, little is known about the role of miR‐320a in osteosarcoma. In this study, we show that the overexpression of miR‐320a or knockdown of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element‐binding protein 1 (CPEB1) inhibited osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion. miR‐320a downregulates CPEB1 expression by directly targeting the CPEB1 3′‐UTR. Furthermore, CPEB1 reintroduction reversed the antiproliferation, antimigration, and antiinvasion roles of miR‐320a, indicating that miR‐320a might function as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma through CPEB1. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that miR‐320a plays a critical role in osteosarcoma progression and may provide a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Wang
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Jiyu Yang
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Pangtao Chen
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yu Song
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Weizheng An
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Butegeleqi Butegeleqi
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Jinglong Yan
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Tong
- From the Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- From the Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark
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25
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Cimadomo D, Carmelo R, Parrotta EI, Scalise S, Santamaria G, Alviggi E, De Angelis MT, Sarro G, Vaiarelli A, Venturella R, Rienzi L, Zullo F, Ubaldi FM, Cuda G. Similar miRNomic signatures characterize the follicular fluids collected after follicular and luteal phase stimulations in the same ovarian cycle. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 37:149-158. [PMID: 31701304 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect putative differences in the miRNomic profile of follicular fluids collected after follicular-phase-stimulation (FPS-FFs) and paired luteal-phase-stimulation (LPS-FFs) in the same ovarian cycles (DuoStim). METHODS Exploratory study at a private IVF center and University involving FPS-FFs and paired-LPS-FFs collected from 15 reduced ovarian reserve and advanced maternal age women undergoing DuoStim (n = 30 paired samples). The samples were combined in 6 paired pools (5 samples each) and balanced according to maternal age and number of cumulus-oocyte-complexes. Micro-RNAs were isolated and sequenced. Four miRNAs were then selected for further validation on 6 single pairs of FPS-FFs and LPS-FFs by qPCR. RESULTS Forty-three miRNAs were detected in both FPS-FFs and paired-LPS-FFs after sequencing and no statistically significant differences were reported. Thirty-three KEGG pathways were identified as regulated from the detected miRNAs. Four miRNAs (miR-146b, miR-191, miR-320a, and miR-483) were selected for qPCR validation since consistently expressed in our samples and possibly involved in the regulation/establishment of a healthy follicular environment. Again, no significant differences were reported between FPS-FFs and paired-LPS-FFs, also when the analysis was corrected for maternal age and number of cumulus-oocyte-complexes in generalized linear models. CONCLUSIONS These data complement the embryological, chromosomal, and clinical evidence of equivalence between FPS and LPS published to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Cimadomo
- GENERA centers for reproductive medicine, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.,GENERA centers for reproductive medicine, Clinica Ruesch, Naples, Italy
| | - Ramona Carmelo
- GENERA centers for reproductive medicine, Clinica Ruesch, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Scalise
- Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Erminia Alviggi
- GENERA centers for reproductive medicine, Clinica Ruesch, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gianmarco Sarro
- Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alberto Vaiarelli
- GENERA centers for reproductive medicine, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Laura Rienzi
- GENERA centers for reproductive medicine, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.,GENERA centers for reproductive medicine, Clinica Ruesch, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvio Zullo
- Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Cuda
- Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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26
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Hu Y, Deng J, Tian K, Yang W, Luo N, Lian Y, Gan L, Tang X, Luo H, Zhang J, Wang X. MiR‐8‐3p regulates hyperthermia‐induced lactate secretion by targeting PPP2R5B in boar Sertoli cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1720-1730. [PMID: 31489750 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Jie Deng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Ke Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Wei‐Rong Yang
- Institute of Ecological ResearchChina West Normal University Nanchong China
| | - Nan‐Jian Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Yu Lian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Lu Gan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Xing‐Yi Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Hong‐Yan Luo
- College of Resource and EnvironmentSouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Jiao‐Jiao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
| | - Xian‐Zhong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Animal Science and TechnologySouthwest University Chongqing China
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27
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Wang M, Ogé L, Voisine L, Perez-Garcia MD, Jeauffre J, Hibrand Saint-Oyant L, Grappin P, Hamama L, Sakr S. Posttranscriptional Regulation of RhBRC1 ( Rosa hybrida BRANCHED1) in Response to Sugars is Mediated via its Own 3' Untranslated Region, with a Potential Role of RhPUF4 (Pumilio RNA-Binding Protein Family). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153808. [PMID: 31382685 PMCID: PMC6695800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The shoot branching pattern is a determining phenotypic trait throughout plant development. During shoot branching, BRANCHED1 (BRC1) plays a master regulator role in bud outgrowth, and its transcript levels are regulated by various exogenous and endogenous factors. RhBRC1 (the homologous gene of BRC1 in Rosa hybrida) is a main branching regulator whose posttranscriptional regulation in response to sugar was investigated through its 3'UTR. Transformed Rosa calluses containing a construction composed of the CaMV35S promoter, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene, and the 3'UTR of RhBRC1 (P35S:GFP::3'UTRRhBRC1) were obtained and treated with various combinations of sugars and with sugar metabolism effectors. The results showed a major role of the 3'UTR of RhBRC1 in response to sugars, involving glycolysis/the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP). In Rosa vegetative buds, sequence analysis of the RhBRC1 3'UTR identified six binding motifs specific to the Pumilio/FBF RNA-binding protein family (PUF) and probably involved in posttranscriptional regulation. RhPUF4 was highly expressed in the buds of decapitated plants and in response to sugar availability in in-vitro-cultured buds. RhPUF4 was found to be close to AtPUM2, which encodes an Arabidopsis PUF protein. In addition, sugar-dependent upregulation of RhPUF4 was also found in Rosa calluses. RhPUF4 expression was especially dependent on the OPPP, supporting its role in OPPP-dependent posttranscriptional regulation of RhBRC1. These findings indicate that the 3'UTR sequence could be an important target in the molecular regulatory network of RhBRC1 and pave the way for investigating new aspects of RhBRC1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Laurent Ogé
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Linda Voisine
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49000 Angers, France
| | | | - Julien Jeauffre
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49000 Angers, France
| | | | - Philippe Grappin
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Latifa Hamama
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Soulaiman Sakr
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 49000 Angers, France.
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Peñuelas O, Keough E, López-Rodríguez L, Carriedo D, Gonçalves G, Barreiro E, Lorente JÁ. Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction: translational mechanisms lead to therapeutical alternatives in the critically ill. Intensive Care Med Exp 2019; 7:48. [PMID: 31346802 PMCID: PMC6658639 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-019-0259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation [MV] is a life-saving technique delivered to critically ill patients incapable of adequately ventilating and/or oxygenating due to respiratory or other disease processes. This necessarily invasive support however could potentially result in important iatrogenic complications. Even brief periods of MV may result in diaphragm weakness [i.e., ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction [VIDD]], which may be associated with difficulty weaning from the ventilator as well as mortality. This suggests that VIDD could potentially have a major impact on clinical practice through worse clinical outcomes and healthcare resource use. Recent translational investigations have identified that VIDD is mainly characterized by alterations resulting in a major decline of diaphragmatic contractile force together with atrophy of diaphragm muscle fibers. However, the signaling mechanisms responsible for VIDD have not been fully established. In this paper, we summarize the current understanding of the pathophysiological pathways underlying VIDD and highlight the diagnostic approach, as well as novel and experimental therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Peñuelas
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12.5, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias [CIBERES], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII], Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Keough
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12.5, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía López-Rodríguez
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12.5, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Demetrio Carriedo
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12.5, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gesly Gonçalves
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12.5, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias [CIBERES], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII], Madrid, Spain
- Pulmonology Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department [CEXS], Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra [UPF], Barcelona Biomedical Research Park [PRBB], Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ángel Lorente
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, km 12.5, 28905, Getafe, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias [CIBERES], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII], Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Orang AV, Petersen J, McKinnon RA, Michael MZ. Micromanaging aerobic respiration and glycolysis in cancer cells. Mol Metab 2019; 23:98-126. [PMID: 30837197 PMCID: PMC6479761 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cells possess a common metabolic phenotype, rewiring their metabolic pathways from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and anabolic circuits, to support the energetic and biosynthetic requirements of continuous proliferation and migration. While, over the past decade, molecular and cellular studies have clearly highlighted the association of oncogenes and tumor suppressors with cancer-associated glycolysis, more recent attention has focused on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in mediating this metabolic shift. Accumulating studies have connected aberrant expression of miRNAs with direct and indirect regulation of aerobic glycolysis and associated pathways. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review discusses the underlying mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and provides arguments that the earlier paradigm of cancer glycolysis needs to be updated to a broader concept, which involves interconnecting biological pathways that include miRNA-mediated regulation of metabolism. For these reasons and in light of recent knowledge, we illustrate the relationships between metabolic pathways in cancer cells. We further summarize our current understanding of the interplay between miRNAs and these metabolic pathways. This review aims to highlight important metabolism-associated molecular components in the hunt for selective preventive and therapeutic treatments. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Metabolism in cancer cells is influenced by driver mutations but is also regulated by posttranscriptional gene silencing. Understanding the nuanced regulation of gene expression in these cells and distinguishing rapid cellular responses from chronic adaptive mechanisms provides a basis for rational drug design and novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla V Orang
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Janni Petersen
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Michael Z Michael
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia.
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30
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Tang H, Shrager JB. The Signaling Network Resulting in Ventilator-induced Diaphragm Dysfunction. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 59:417-427. [PMID: 29768017 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0022tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving measure for those incapable of adequately ventilating or oxygenating without assistance. Unfortunately, even brief periods of MV result in diaphragm weakness (i.e., ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction [VIDD]) that may render it difficult to wean the ventilator. Prolonged MV is associated with cascading complications and is a strong risk factor for death. Thus, prevention of VIDD may have a dramatic impact on mortality rates. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the pathogenic events underlying VIDD. Numerous alterations have been proven important in both human and animal MV diaphragm. These include protein degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system, autophagy, apoptosis, and calpain activity-all causing diaphragm muscle fiber atrophy, altered energy supply via compromised oxidative phosphorylation and upregulation of glycolysis, and also mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Mitochondrial oxidative stress in fact appears to be a central factor in each of these events. Recent studies by our group and others indicate that mitochondrial function is modulated by several signaling molecules, including Smad3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and FoxO. MV rapidly activates Smad3 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, which upregulate mitochondrial oxidative stress. Additional roles may be played by angiotensin II and leaky ryanodine receptors causing elevated calcium levels. We present, here, a hypothetical scaffold for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of VIDD, which links together these elements. These pathways harbor several drug targets that could soon move toward testing in clinical trials. We hope that this review will shape a short list of the most promising candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Tang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford, California; and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Joseph B Shrager
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford, California; and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
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31
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Aniort J, Stella A, Philipponnet C, Poyet A, Polge C, Claustre A, Combaret L, Béchet D, Attaix D, Boisgard S, Filaire M, Rosset E, Burlet-Schiltz O, Heng AE, Taillandier D. Muscle wasting in patients with end-stage renal disease or early-stage lung cancer: common mechanisms at work. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:323-337. [PMID: 30697967 PMCID: PMC6463476 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of muscle mass worsens many diseases such as cancer and renal failure, contributes to the frailty syndrome, and is associated with an increased risk of death. Studies conducted on animal models have revealed the preponderant role of muscle proteolysis and in particular the activation of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). Studies conducted in humans remain scarce, especially within renal deficiency. Whether a shared atrophying programme exists independently of the nature of the disease remains to be established. The aim of this work was to identify common modifications at the transcriptomic level or the proteomic level in atrophying skeletal muscles from cancer and renal failure patients. METHODS Muscle biopsies were performed during scheduled interventions in early-stage (no treatment and no detectable muscle loss) lung cancer (LC), chronic haemodialysis (HD), or healthy (CT) patients (n = 7 per group; 86% male; 69.6 ± 11.4, 67.9 ± 8.6, and 70.2 ± 7.9 years P > 0.9 for the CT, LC, and HD groups, respectively). Gene expression of members of the UPS, autophagy, and apoptotic systems was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. A global analysis of the soluble muscle proteome was conducted by shotgun proteomics for investigating the processes altered. RESULTS We found an increased expression of several UPS and autophagy-related enzymes in both LC and HD patients. The E3 ligases MuRF1 (+56 to 78%, P < 0.01), MAFbx (+68 to 84%, P = 0.02), Hdm2 (+37 to 59%, P = 0.02), and MUSA1/Fbxo30 (+47 to 106%, P = 0.01) and the autophagy-related genes CTPL (+33 to 47%, P = 0.03) and SQSTM1 (+47 to 137%, P < 0.01) were overexpressed. Mass spectrometry identified >1700 proteins, and principal component analysis revealed three differential proteomes that matched to the three groups of patients. Orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis created a model, which distinguished the muscles of diseased patients (LC or HD) from those of CT subjects. Proteins that most contributed to the model were selected. Functional analysis revealed up to 238 proteins belonging to nine metabolic processes (inflammatory response, proteolysis, cytoskeleton organization, glucose metabolism, muscle contraction, oxidant detoxification, energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and extracellular matrix) involved in and/or altered by the atrophying programme in both LC and HD patients. This was confirmed by a co-expression network analysis. CONCLUSIONS We were able to identify highly similar modifications of several metabolic pathways in patients exhibiting diseases with different aetiologies (early-stage LC vs. long-term renal failure). This strongly suggests that a common atrophying programme exists independently of the disease in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Aniort
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Department, Gabriel Montpied University Hospital, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Stella
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Carole Philipponnet
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Department, Gabriel Montpied University Hospital, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anais Poyet
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Nephrology Department, Hospital of Roanne, Roanne, France
| | - Cécile Polge
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Agnès Claustre
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lydie Combaret
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Béchet
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Didier Attaix
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Boisgard
- Orthopedic Surgery Department, Gabriel Montpied University Hospital, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marc Filaire
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Gabriel Montpied University Hospital, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Eugénio Rosset
- Vascular Surgery Department, Gabriel Montpied University Hospital, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Anne-Elisabeth Heng
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Department, Gabriel Montpied University Hospital, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Taillandier
- INRA, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), CNRH Auvergne (Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne), Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Wang T, Chen Y, Nie H, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Yang J. IL-27 inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer cell metastasis by miR-935 in vitro. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1447-1454. [PMID: 30863112 PMCID: PMC6391126 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s173207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than half of all lung cancer cases. Cytokines play an important role in NSCLC, including IL-27. IL-27 inhibits NSCLC progression; however, the mechanism is not clear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of IL-27 on NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis. Materials and methods NSCLC cells were treated with IL-27 or transfected with miR-935, and the cell proliferation was assayed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation. Cell metastasis was analyzed by Transwell chamber system and wound healing assay. IL-27 protein in the medium was analyzed by ELISA. IL-27 mRNA expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. Results We found that IL-27 played an inhibiting role in NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis. The molecular mechanism of the suppressing role of IL-27 in NSCLC was regulated by miR-935. IL-27 expression was negatively associated with miR-935 in the clinical NSCLC samples. Conclusion The study revealed that IL-27 decreased lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis via miR-935.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China,
| | - Yifei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China,
| | - Hanxiang Nie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiong Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China,
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Teodori L, Costa A, Campanella L, Albertini MC. Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Simulated Microgravity Might Be Triggered by Immune-Related microRNAs. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1926. [PMID: 30687129 PMCID: PMC6335973 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to microgravity induces skeletal muscle disorders including atrophy, muscle force decrease, fiber-type shift. Microgravity also contributes to immune-function alterations and modifies microRNAs (miRs) expression. To understand the link between microgravity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and immune function deregulation, a bioinformatics study was performed. The web platform MiRNet was used for miRs-targets interaction analysis from previous proteomic studies on human soleus (SOL) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles. We predicted miRs targeting deregulated gene expression following bed rest as a model of microgravity exposure; namely, let-7a-5p, miR-125b-5p for over-expressed genes in SOL and VL; miR-1-3p, miR-125b-5p and miR-1-3p, miR-95-5p for down-expressed genes in VL and SOL. The predicted miRs have important immune functions, exhibiting a significant role on both inflammation and atrophy. Let-7a down-expression leads to proliferation pathways promotion and differentiation pathway inhibition, whereas miR-1-3p over-expression yields anti-proliferative effect, promoting early differentiation. Such conflicting signals could lead to impairment between proliferation and differentiation in skeletal muscles. Moreover, promotion of an M2-like macrophage phenotype (IL-13, IL-10) by let-7a down-regulation and simultaneous promotion of an M1-like macrophage (IL-6, TNF-α) phenotype through the over-expression of EEF2 lead to a deregulation between M1/M2 tuning, that is responsible for a first pro-inflammatory/proliferative phase followed by an anti-inflammatory pro-myogenic phase during skeletal muscle regeneration after injury. These observations are important to understand the mechanism by which inflammation may play a significant role in skeletal muscle dysfunction in spaceflights, providing new links between immune response and skeletal muscle deregulation, which may be useful to further investigate possible therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Teodori
- Diagnostic and Metrology Laboratory, TECFIS-FSN, ENEA, Frascati, Italy
| | - Alessandra Costa
- Diagnostic and Metrology Laboratory, TECFIS-FSN, ENEA, Frascati, Italy
| | - Luigi Campanella
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria C Albertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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Interference with lactate metabolism by mmu-miR-320-3p via negatively regulating GLUT3 signaling in mouse Sertoli cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:964. [PMID: 30237478 PMCID: PMC6148074 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0958-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of the nursery function in Sertoli cells (SCs) by reducing lactate production, a preferred energy substrate for developed germ cells (spermatocytes and spermatids), is tightly associated with spermatogenic failure such as SC-only syndrome (SCOS). However, whether this complicated pathogenesis is regulated by certain miRNAs at the post-transcriptional level remain fascinating but largely unknown. Here we show for the first time that mmu-miR-320-3p was exclusively expressed in murine SCs and this expression was significantly induced in busulphan-treated murine testis. The most efficient stimulatory germ cell types for the induction of apoptosis-elicited mmu-miR-320-3p expression were meiotic spermatocytes and haploid spermatids. Functionally, forced expression of the exogenous mmu-miR-320-3p in SCs compromises male fertility by causing oligozoospermia and defection of sperm mobility. Mechanistically, mmu-miR-320-3p negatively regulates lactate production of SCs by directly inhibiting glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) expression. Thus, dysregulation of mmu-miR-320-3p/GLUT3 cascade and consequently of lactate deficiency may be a key molecular event contributing the germ cell loss by SC dysfunction. Future endeavor in the continuous investigation of this important circulating miRNA may shed novel insights into epigenetic regulation of SCs nursery function and the etiology of azoospermia, and offers novel therapeutic and prognostic targets for SCOS.
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Diaphragm Weakness in the Critically Ill: Basic Mechanisms Reveal Therapeutic Opportunities. Chest 2018; 154:1395-1403. [PMID: 30144420 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.08.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The diaphragm is the primary muscle of inspiration. Its capacity to respond to the load imposed by pulmonary disease is a major determining factor both in the onset of ventilatory failure and in the ability to successfully separate patients from ventilator support. It has recently been established that a very large proportion of critically ill patients exhibit major weakness of the diaphragm, which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The two greatest risk factors for the development of diaphragm weakness in critical illness are the use of mechanical ventilation and the presence of sepsis. Loss of force production by the diaphragm under these conditions is caused by a combination of defective contractility and reduced diaphragm muscle mass. Importantly, many of the same molecular mechanisms are implicated in the diaphragm dysfunction associated with both mechanical ventilation and sepsis. This review outlines the primary cellular mechanisms identified thus far at the nexus of diaphragm dysfunction associated with mechanical ventilation and/or sepsis, and explores the potential for treatment or prevention of diaphragm weakness in critically ill patients through therapeutic manipulation of these final common pathway targets.
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Iqbal MA, Arora S, Prakasam G, Calin GA, Syed MA. MicroRNA in lung cancer: role, mechanisms, pathways and therapeutic relevance. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 70:3-20. [PMID: 30102929 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the cardinal cause of cancer-related deaths with restricted recourse of therapy throughout the world. Clinical success of therapies is not very promising due to - late diagnosis, limited therapeutic tools, relapse and the development of drug resistance. Recently, small ∼20-24 nucleotides molecules called microRNAs (miRNAs) have come into the limelight as they play outstanding role in the process of tumorigenesis by regulating cell cycle, metastasis, angiogenesis, metabolism and apoptosis. miRNAs essentially regulate gene expression via post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA. Nevertheless, few studies have conceded the role of miRNAs in activation of gene expression. A large body of data generated by numerous studies is suggestive of their tumor-suppressing, oncogenic, diagnostic and prognostic biomarker roles in lung cancer. They have also been implicated in regulating cancer cell metabolism and resistance or sensitivity towards chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Further, miRNAs have also been convoluted in regulation of immune checkpoints - Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1). These molecules play a significant role in tumor immune escape leading to the generation of a microenvironment favouring tumor growth and progression. Therefore, it is imperative to explore the expression of miRNA and understand its relevance in lung cancer and development of anti-cancer strategies (anti - miRs, miR mimics and micro RNA sponges). In view of the above, the role of miRNA in lung cancer has been dissected and the associated mechanisms and pathways are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Askandar Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi-110025, India.
| | - Shweta Arora
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi-110025, India.
| | - Gopinath Prakasam
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India.
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX-77030, USA.
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi-110025, India.
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Down-regulated let-7b-5p represses glycolysis metabolism by targeting AURKB in asthenozoospermia. Gene 2018; 663:83-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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MiR-422a regulates cellular metabolism and malignancy by targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:505. [PMID: 29725130 PMCID: PMC5938701 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a crucial role in human malignancies. Here, we showed that microRNA-422a (miR-422a) expression was dramatically downregulated in gastric cancer (GC) samples and cell lines compared with normal controls, and that its expression level was inversely related to tumor size and depth of infiltration. Functional studies revealed that the overexpression of miR-422a in GC tumor cells suppressed cell proliferation and migration, and drove a metabolic shift from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. Mechanistic analysis suggested that miR-422a repressed pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDK2) to restore activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), the gatekeeping enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of pyruvate to produce acetyl-CoA. Importantly, we further demonstrated that the mir-422a–PDK2 axis also influenced another metabolic pathway, de novo lipogenesis in cancer cells, and that it subsequently affected reactive oxygen species (ROS) and RB phosphorylation levels, ultimately resulting in cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Our findings show that the miR-422a–PDK2 axis is an important mediator in metabolic reprogramming and a promising therapeutic target for antitumor treatment.
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39
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Interplay between regulation by methylation and noncoding RNAs in cancers. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 27:418-424. [PMID: 29557800 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important health problems today; therefore, many researchers are focusing on exploring the mechanisms underlying its development and treatment. The field of cancer epigenetics has flourished in recent decades, and studies have shown that different epigenetic events, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA regulation, work together to influence cancer development and progression. In this short review, we summarize the interactions between methylation and noncoding RNAs that affect cancer development.
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Alfano L, Costa C, Caporaso A, Antonini D, Giordano A, Pentimalli F. HUR protects NONO from degradation by mir320, which is induced by p53 upon UV irradiation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78127-78139. [PMID: 27816966 PMCID: PMC5363649 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UV radiations challenge genomic stability and are a recognized cancer risk factor. We previously found that the RNA-binding protein NONO regulates the intra-S phase checkpoint and its silencing impaired HeLa and melanoma cell response to UV-induced DNA damage. Here we investigated the mechanisms underlying NONO regulation upon UVC treatment. We found that UVC rays induce the expression of mir320a, which can indeed target NONO. However, despite mir320a induction, NONO mRNA and protein expression are not affected by UVC. We found through RNA immunoprecipitation that UVC rays induce the ubiquitous RNA-binding protein HUR to bind NONO 5′UTR in a site overlapping mir320a binding site. Both HUR silencing and its pharmacological inhibition induced NONO downregulation following UVC exposure, whereas concomitant mir320a silencing restored NONO stability. UVC-mediated mir320a upregulation is triggered by p53 binding to its promoter, which lies within a region marked by H3K4me3 and H3K27ac signals upon UVC treatment. Silencing mir320a sensitizes cells to DNA damage. Overall our findings reveal a new mechanism whereby HUR protects NONO from mir320-mediated degradation upon UVC exposure and identify a new component within the complex network of players underlying the DNA damage response adding mir320a to the list of p53-regulated targets upon genotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Alfano
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM), Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Caterina Costa
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM), Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Antonella Caporaso
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena and Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Siena, 53100, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena and Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Siena, 53100, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia PA, 19122, USA
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Oncology Research Center of Mercogliano (CROM), Istituto Nazionale Per Lo Studio E La Cura Dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, 80131, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia PA, 19122, USA
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Yu L, Chen X, Wang L, Chen S. The sweet trap in tumors: aerobic glycolysis and potential targets for therapy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:38908-38926. [PMID: 26918353 PMCID: PMC5122440 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic change is one of the hallmarks of tumor, which has recently attracted a great of attention. One of main metabolic characteristics of tumor cells is the high level of glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen, known as aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect. The energy production is much less in glycolysis pathway than that in tricarboxylic acid cycle. The molecular mechanism of a high glycolytic flux in tumor cells remains unclear. A large amount of intermediates derived from glycolytic pathway could meet the biosynthetic requirements of the proliferating cells. Hypoxia-induced HIF-1α, PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, and many other factors, such as oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inactivation, drive cancer cells to favor glycolysis over mitochondrial oxidation. Several small molecules targeting glycolytic pathway exhibit promising anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we will focus on the latest progress in the regulation of aerobic glycolysis and discuss the potential targets for the tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xun Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liantang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Chen S, Chen X, Shan T, Ma J, Lin W, Li W, Kang Y. MiR-21-mediated Metabolic Alteration of Cancer-associated Fibroblasts and Its Effect on Pancreatic Cancer Cell Behavior. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:100-110. [PMID: 29483829 PMCID: PMC5821053 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.22555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether the metabolic alteration of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) occurs via miR-21 remodeling and the effect of this alteration on pancreatic cancer cells. CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated and cultured. Glucose consumption and lactic acid production were tested, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA), pyruvate kinase m2 (PKM2), and miR-21 expression were examined. The level of glycolysis in CAFs was determined after treatment with a miR-21 inhibitor. Primary miR-21-NC CAFs and miR-21-inhibitor CAFs were indirectly co-cultured with BxPc-3 in vitro, and the invasion capacity of these cells was determined. The aerobic oxidation index of cancer cells and the expression of succinodehydrogenase (SDH) and fumarate hydratase (FH) were assessed. Compared with NFs, CAFs showed enhanced glucose uptake capacity, lactic acid production, and elevated LDHA, PKM2, and miR-21 expression. After miR-21 inhibitor treatment, the extent of glycolysis in CAFs was reduced. After indirect co-culture with CAFs, oxidative phosphorylation and SDH, FH, and MCT expression increased in BxPc-3 cells. After co-culture with miR-21-inhibitor-CAFs, oxidative phosphorylation and invasion ability of the pancreatic cancer cells decreased. MiR-21 was involved in metabolic alteration of CAFs and affected the development of cancer cells. This metabolic alteration may be an important mechanism by which the microenvironment promotes tumor progression in a nonvascular manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004 China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004 China
| | - Tao Shan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004 China
| | - Jiancang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004 China
| | - Wanrun Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Wei Li
- Graduate School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710033, China
| | - Ya'an Kang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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Yu L, Chen X, Sun X, Wang L, Chen S. The Glycolytic Switch in Tumors: How Many Players Are Involved? J Cancer 2017; 8:3430-3440. [PMID: 29151926 PMCID: PMC5687156 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular metabolism is a hallmark of cancers. Cancer cells more readily use glycolysis, an inefficient metabolic pathway for energy metabolism, even when sufficient oxygen is available. This reliance on aerobic glycolysis is called the Warburg effect, and promotes tumorigenesis and malignancy progression. The mechanisms of the glycolytic shift in tumors are not fully understood. Growing evidence demonstrates that many signal molecules, including oncogenes and tumor suppressors, are involved in the process, but how oncogenic signals attenuate mitochondrial function and promote the switch to glycolysis remains unclear. Here, we summarize the current information on several main mediators and discuss their possible mechanisms for triggering the Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Chen
- Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Sun
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Liantang Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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Brandão BB, Guerra BA, Mori MA. Shortcuts to a functional adipose tissue: The role of small non-coding RNAs. Redox Biol 2017; 12:82-102. [PMID: 28214707 PMCID: PMC5312655 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes are a major public health issue worldwide. These diseases are often linked to a dysfunctional adipose tissue. Fat is a large, heterogenic, pleiotropic and rather complex tissue. It is found in virtually all cavities of the human body, shows unique plasticity among tissues, and harbors many cell types in addition to its main functional unit - the adipocyte. Adipose tissue function varies depending on the localization of the fat depot, the cell composition of the tissue and the energy status of the organism. While the white adipose tissue (WAT) serves as the main site for triglyceride storage and acts as an important endocrine organ, the brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for thermogenesis. Beige adipocytes can also appear in WAT depots to sustain heat production upon certain conditions, and it is becoming clear that adipose tissue depots can switch phenotypes depending on cell autonomous and non-autonomous stimuli. To maintain such degree of plasticity and respond adequately to changes in the energy balance, three basic processes need to be properly functioning in the adipose tissue: i) adipogenesis and adipocyte turnover, ii) metabolism, and iii) signaling. Here we review the fundamental role of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in these processes, with focus on microRNAs, and demonstrate their importance in adipose tissue function and whole body metabolic control in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna B Brandão
- Program in Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Beatriz A Guerra
- Program in Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Program in Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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Zhang LF, Jiang S, Liu MF. MicroRNA regulation and analytical methods in cancer cell metabolism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2929-2941. [PMID: 28321489 PMCID: PMC11107497 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The reprogramming of glucose metabolism from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism, known as the Warburg effect, is an anomalous characteristic of cancer cell metabolism. Recent studies have revealed a subset of microRNAs (miRNAs) that play critical roles in regulating the reprogramming of glucose metabolism in cancer cells. These miRNAs regulate cellular glucose metabolism by directly targeting multiple metabolic genes, including those encoding key glycolytic enzymes. In the first part of this review, we summarized the recent knowledge of miRNA regulation in the reprogramming of glucose metabolism in cancer cells and discussed the potential utilization of the key miRNA regulators as metabolic targets for developing new antitumor agents. Then, we summarized recent advances in methods and techniques for studying miRNA regulation in cancer cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Fei Zhang
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
| | - Mo-Fang Liu
- Center for RNA Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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MicroRNA Regulation of Glycolytic Metabolism in Glioblastoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9157370. [PMID: 28804724 PMCID: PMC5539934 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9157370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and common malignant brain tumour in adults. A well-known hallmark of GMB and many other tumours is aerobic glycolysis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short nonprotein coding sequences that exert posttranscriptional controls on gene expression and represent critical regulators of aerobic glycolysis in GBM. In GBM, miRNAs regulate the expression of glycolytic genes directly and via the regulation of metabolism-associated tumour suppressors and oncogenic signalling pathways. This review aims to establish links between miRNAs expression levels, the expression of GBM glycolytic regulatory genes, and the malignant progression and prognosis of GBM. In this review, the involvement of 25 miRNAs in the regulation of glycolytic metabolism of GBM is discussed. Seven of these miRNAs have been shown to regulate glycolytic metabolism in other tumour types. Further eight miRNAs, which are differentially expressed in GBM, have also been reported to regulate glycolytic metabolism in other cancer types. Thus, these miRNAs could serve as potential glycolytic regulators in GBM but will require functional validation. As such, the characterisation of these molecular and metabolic signatures in GBM can facilitate a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this disease.
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Russell AP, Wallace MA, Kalanon M, Zacharewicz E, Della Gatta PA, Garnham A, Lamon S. Striated muscle activator of Rho signalling (STARS) is reduced in ageing human skeletal muscle and targeted by miR-628-5p. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:263-274. [PMID: 27739650 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM The striated muscle activator of Rho signalling (STARS) is a muscle-specific actin-binding protein. The STARS signalling pathway is activated by resistance exercise and is anticipated to play a role in signal mechanotransduction. Animal studies have reported a negative regulation of STARS signalling with age, but such regulation has not been investigated in humans. METHODS Ten young (18-30 years) and 10 older (60-75 years) subjects completed an acute bout of resistance exercise. Gene and protein expression of members of the STARS signalling pathway and miRNA expression of a subset of miRNAs, predicted or known to target members of STARS signalling pathway, were measured in muscle biopsies collected pre-exercise and 2 h post-exercise. RESULTS For the first time, we report a significant downregulation of the STARS protein in older subjects. However, there was no effect of age on the magnitude of STARS activation in response to an acute bout of exercise. Finally, we established that miR-628-5p, a miRNA regulated by age and exercise, binds to the STARS 3'UTR to directly downregulate its transcription. CONCLUSION This study describes for the first time the resistance exercise-induced regulation of STARS signalling in skeletal muscle from older humans and identifies a new miRNA involved in the transcriptional control of STARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Russell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN); School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University; Geelong Vic. Australia
| | - M. A. Wallace
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN); School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University; Geelong Vic. Australia
| | - M. Kalanon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN); School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University; Geelong Vic. Australia
| | - E. Zacharewicz
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN); School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University; Geelong Vic. Australia
| | - P. A. Della Gatta
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN); School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University; Geelong Vic. Australia
| | - A. Garnham
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN); School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University; Geelong Vic. Australia
| | - S. Lamon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN); School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University; Geelong Vic. Australia
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Cheng Y, Huang L, Ping J, Chen T, Chen J. MicroRNA-199a-3p attenuates hepatic lipogenesis by targeting Sp1. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:1905-1913. [PMID: 28469795 PMCID: PMC5411938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRs) are profoundly involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and related metabolic diseases. Previously, we revealed a repertoire of miRs dysregulated in NAFLD by high-throughput sequencing. Here, we showed that microRNA-199a-3p was down-regulated in the livers of C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat-diet (HFD) and oleic acid/palmitic acid-induced Hepa1-6 cells. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that microRNA-199a-3p exhibited a suppressive role in hepatic lipogenesis. Adenoviral mediated microRNA-199a-3p expression in C57BL/6J mice largely attenuated triglyceride (TG) accumulation and expression of lipogenic genes. Furthermore, we identified Specificity Protein 1 (Sp1) as the functional target of miR-124. Restoration of Sp1 expression largely compromised the effect of microRNA-199a-3p on hepatic TG metabolism. Taken together, our findings uncover a novel function of microRNA-199a-3p/Sp1 axis in NAFLD and provide a mechanism underlying perturbations of hepatic TG homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cheng
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases of Pudong New AreaShanghai 201299, P. R. China
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Li Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of D&A for Metal-Functional Materials, Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804, PR China
| | - Jian Ping
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Tianyang Chen
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jianjie Chen
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases of Pudong New AreaShanghai 201299, P. R. China
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203, P. R. China
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Iskandar AR, Mathis C, Schlage WK, Frentzel S, Leroy P, Xiang Y, Sewer A, Majeed S, Ortega-Torres L, Johne S, Guedj E, Trivedi K, Kratzer G, Merg C, Elamin A, Martin F, Ivanov NV, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. A systems toxicology approach for comparative assessment: Biological impact of an aerosol from a candidate modified-risk tobacco product and cigarette smoke on human organotypic bronchial epithelial cultures. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 39:29-51. [PMID: 27865774 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a comparative assessment of the biological impact of a heated tobacco aerosol from the tobacco heating system (THS) 2.2 and smoke from a combustible 3R4F cigarette. Human organotypic bronchial epithelial cultures were exposed to an aerosol from THS2.2 (a candidate modified-risk tobacco product) or 3R4F smoke at similar nicotine concentrations. A systems toxicology approach was applied to enable a comprehensive exposure impact assessment. Culture histology, cytotoxicity, secreted pro-inflammatory mediators, ciliary beating, and genome-wide mRNA/miRNA profiles were assessed at various time points post-exposure. Series of experimental repetitions were conducted to increase the robustness of the assessment. At similar nicotine concentrations, THS2.2 aerosol elicited lower cytotoxicity compared with 3R4F smoke. No morphological change was observed following exposure to THS2.2 aerosol, even at nicotine concentration three times that of 3R4F smoke. Lower levels of secreted mediators and fewer miRNA alterations were observed following exposure to THS2.2 aerosol than following 3R4F smoke. Based on the computational analysis of the gene expression changes, 3R4F (0.13 mg nicotine/L) elicited the highest biological impact (100%) in the context of Cell Fate, Cell Proliferation, Cell Stress, and Inflammatory Network Models at 4 h post-exposure. Whereas, the corresponding impact of THS2.2 (0.14 mg nicotine/L) was 7.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita R Iskandar
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Carole Mathis
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Walter K Schlage
- Biology Consultant, Max-Baermann-Str. 21, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
| | - Stefan Frentzel
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Patrice Leroy
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Yang Xiang
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Alain Sewer
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Shoaib Majeed
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Laura Ortega-Torres
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Stephanie Johne
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Keyur Trivedi
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Gilles Kratzer
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Celine Merg
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Ashraf Elamin
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Florian Martin
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Julia Hoeng
- Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Role of microRNAs on adipogenesis, chronic low-grade inflammation, and insulin resistance in obesity. Nutrition 2017; 35:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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