1
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Zhang J, Li X, Wang R, Feng X, Wang S, Wang H, Wang Y, Li H, Li Y, Guo Y. DNA methylation patterns in patients with asthenospermia and oligoasthenospermia. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:602. [PMID: 38886667 PMCID: PMC11181631 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogenesis is a highly regulated and complex process in which DNA methylation plays a crucial role. This study aimed to explore the differential methylation profiles in sperm DNA between patients with asthenospermia (AS) and healthy controls (HCs), those with oligoasthenospermia (OAS) and HCs, and patients with AS and those with OAS. RESULTS Semen samples and clinical data were collected from five patients with AS, five patients with OAS, and six age-matched HCs. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) was performed to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in sperm cells among the different types of patients and HCs. A total of 6520, 28,019, and 16,432 DMRs were detected between AS and HC, OAS and HC, and AS and OAS groups, respectively. These DMRs were predominantly located within gene bodies and mapped to 2868, 9296, and 9090 genes in the respective groups. Of note, 12, 9, and 8 DMRs in each group were closely associated with spermatogenesis and male infertility. Furthermore, BDNF, SMARCB1, PIK3CA, and DDX27; RBMX and SPATA17; ASZ1, CDH1, and CHDH were identified as strong differentially methylated candidate genes in each group, respectively. Meanwhile, the GO analysis of DMR-associated genes in the AS vs. HC groups revealed that protein binding, cytoplasm, and transcription (DNA-templated) were the most enriched terms in the biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF), respectively. Likewise, in both the OAS vs. HC and AS vs. OAS groups, GO analysis revealed protein binding, nucleus, and transcription (DNA-templated) as the most enriched terms in BP, CC, and MF, respectively. Finally, the KEGG analysis of DMR-annotated genes and these genes at promoters suggested that metabolic pathways were the most significantly associated across all three groups. CONCLUSIONS The current study results revealed distinctive sperm DNA methylation patterns in the AS vs. HC and OAS vs. HC groups, particularly between patients with AS and those with OAS. The identification of key genes associated with spermatogenesis and male infertility in addition to the differentially enriched metabolic pathways may contribute to uncovering the potential pathogenesis in different types of abnormal sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Medical Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhe Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Ye Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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2
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Dali O, Muriel-Muriel JA, Vargas-Baco A, Tevosian S, Zubcevic J, Smagulova F, Hayward LF. Prenatal nicotine exposure leads to epigenetic alterations in peripheral nervous system signaling genes in the testis of the rat. Epigenetics Chromatin 2024; 17:14. [PMID: 38715099 PMCID: PMC11075221 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-024-00539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) has been documented to cause numerous deleterious effects on fetal development. However, the epigenetic changes promoted by nicotine exposure on germ cells are still not well understood. OBJECTIVES In this study, we focused on elucidating the impact of prenatal nicotine exposure on regulatory epigenetic mechanisms important for germ cell development. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to nicotine during pregnancy and male progeny was analyzed at 11 weeks of age. Testis morphology was analyzed using frozen testis sections and expression of germ cell markers was examined by RT-qPCR; histone modifications were assessed by Western Blot (WB). DNA methylation analysis was performed by methylation-specific PCR of bisulfite converted DNA. Genome-wide DNA methylation was analyzed using Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP)-seq. We also carried out transcriptomics analysis of pituitary glands by RNA-seq. RESULTS We show that gestational exposure to nicotine reduces germ cell numbers, perturbs meiosis, affects the expression of germ line reprogramming responsive genes, and impacts the DNA methylation of nervous system genes in the testis. PNE also causes perturbation of gene expression in the pituitary gland of the brain. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that PNE leads to perturbation of male spermatogenesis, and the observed effects are associated with changes of peripheral nervous system signaling pathways. Alterations in the expression of genes associated with diverse biological activities such as cell migration, cell adhesion and GABA signaling in the pituitary gland underscore the complexity of the effects of nicotine exposure during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouzna Dali
- EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en sante, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Univ. Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Jose Antonio Muriel-Muriel
- EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en sante, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Univ. Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Ana Vargas-Baco
- EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en sante, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Univ. Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Sergei Tevosian
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, Box 100144, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Fatima Smagulova
- EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en sante, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Univ. Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Linda F Hayward
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, Box 100144, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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3
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Wang J, Liu L, Li Z, Wang H, Ren Y, Wang K, Liu Y, Tao X, Zheng L. JMJD3 regulate H3K27me3 modification via interacting directly with TET1 to affect spermatogonia self-renewal and proliferation. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:225. [PMID: 38424516 PMCID: PMC10905883 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In epigenetic modification, histone modification and DNA methylation coordinate the regulation of spermatogonium. Not only can methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) function as a DNA demethylase, converting 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, it can also form complexes with other proteins to regulate gene expression. H3K27me3, one of the common histone modifications, is involved in the regulation of stem cell maintenance and tumorigenesis by inhibiting gene transcription. METHODS we examined JMJD3 at both mRNA and protein levels and performed Chip-seq sequencing of H3K27me3 in TET1 overexpressing cells to search for target genes and signaling pathways of its action. RESULTS This study has found that JMJD3 plays a leading role in spermatogonia self-renewal and proliferation: at one extreme, the expression of the self-renewal gene GFRA1 and the proliferation-promoting gene PCNA was upregulated following the overexpression of JMJD3 in spermatogonia; at the other end of the spectrum, the expression of differentiation-promoting gene DAZL was down-regulated. Furthermore, the fact that TET1 and JMJD3 can form a protein complex to interact with H3K27me3 has also been fully proven. Then, through analyzing the sequencing results of CHIP-Seq, we found that TET1 targeted Pramel3 when it interacted with H3K27me3. Besides, TET1 overexpression not only reduced H3K27me3 deposition at Pramel3, but promoted its transcriptional activation as well, and the up-regulation of Pramel3 expression was verified in JMJD3-overexpressing spermatogonia. CONCLUSION In summary, our study identified a novel link between TET1 and H3K27me3 and established a Tet1-JMJD3-H3K27me3-Pramel3 axis to regulate spermatogonia self-renewal and proliferation. Judging from the evidence offered above, we can safely conclude that this study provides new ideas for further research regarding the mechanism of spermatogenesis and spermatogenesis disorders on an apparent spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lingling Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zebin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kaisheng Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinjie Tao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liming Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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4
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Sánchez-Baizán N, Jarne-Sanz I, Roco ÁS, Schartl M, Piferrer F. Extraordinary variability in gene activation and repression programs during gonadal sex differentiation across vertebrates. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1328365. [PMID: 38322165 PMCID: PMC10844511 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1328365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Genes involved in gonadal sex differentiation have been traditionally thought to be fairly conserved across vertebrates, but this has been lately questioned. Here, we performed the first comparative analysis of gonadal transcriptomes across vertebrates, from fish to mammals. Our results unambiguously show an extraordinary overall variability in gene activation and repression programs without a phylogenetic pattern. During sex differentiation, genes such as dmrt1, sox9, amh, cyp19a and foxl2 were consistently either male- or female-enriched across species while many genes with the greatest expression change within each sex were not. We also found that downregulation in the opposite sex, which had only been quantified in the mouse model, was also prominent in the rest of vertebrates. Finally, we report 16 novel conserved markers (e.g., fshr and dazl) and 11 signaling pathways. We propose viewing vertebrate gonadal sex differentiation as a hierarchical network, with conserved hub genes such as sox9 and amh alongside less connected and less conserved nodes. This proposed framework implies that evolutionary pressures may impact genes based on their level of connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Sánchez-Baizán
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jarne-Sanz
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro S. Roco
- Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Manfred Schartl
- Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, United States
| | - Francesc Piferrer
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Wang P, Su J, Wang J, Xie Y, Chen W, Zhong J, Wang Y. NRF1 promotes primordial germ cell development, proliferation and survival. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13533. [PMID: 37539637 PMCID: PMC10771101 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the germline precursors that give rise to oocytes and sperm, ensuring the continuation of life. While the PGC specification is extensively studied, it remains elusive how the PGC population is sustained and expanded after they migrate to embryonic gonads before birth. This study demonstrates that NRF1, a known regulator for mitochondrial metabolism, plays critical roles in post-migrating PGC development. We show that NRF1 protein level gradually increases in post-migrating PGCs during embryonic development. Conditional Nrf1 knockout from embryonic germ cells leads to impaired PGC proliferation and survival. In addition, NRF1 may also actively drive PGC derivation from pluripotent stem cells. Using whole genome transcriptome profiling and ChIP-seq analyses, we further reveal that NRF1 directly regulates key signalling molecules in PGC formation, transcription factors in proliferation and cell cycle and enzymes in mitochondrial metabolism. Overall, our findings highlight an essential requirement of NRF1 in regulating a broad transcriptional network to support post-migrating PGC development both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yilin Xie
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Jinhai Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
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6
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Yang C, Xiao Y, Wang X, Wei X, Wang J, Gao Y, Jiang Q, Ju Z, Zhang Y, Liu W, Huang N, Li Y, Gao Y, Wang L, Huang J. Coordinated alternation of DNA methylation and alternative splicing of PBRM1 affect bovine sperm structure and motility. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2183339. [PMID: 36866611 PMCID: PMC9988346 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2183339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation and gene alternative splicing drive spermatogenesis. In screening DNA methylation markers and transcripts related to sperm motility, semen from three pairs of full-sibling Holstein bulls with high and low motility was subjected to reduced representation bisulphite sequencing. A total of 948 DMRs were found in 874 genes (gDMRs). Approximately 89% of gDMR-related genes harboured alternative splicing events, including SMAD2, KIF17, and PBRM1. One DMR in exon 29 of PBRM1 with the highest 5mC ratio was found, and hypermethylation in this region was related to bull sperm motility. Furthermore, alternative splicing events at exon 29 of PBRM1 were found in bull testis, including PBRM1-complete, PBRM1-SV1 (exon 28 deletion), and PBRM1-SV2 (exons 28-29 deletion). PBRM1-SV2 exhibited significantly higher expression in adult bull testes than in newborn bull testes. In addition, PBRM1 was localized to the redundant nuclear membrane of bull sperm, which might be related to sperm motility caused by sperm tail breakage. Therefore, the hypermethylation of exon 29 may be associated with the production of PBRM1-SV2 in spermatogenesis. These findings indicated that DNA methylation alteration at specific loci could regulate gene splicing and expression and synergistically alter sperm structure and motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Xiaochao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Yaping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Zhihua Ju
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China.,College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Yaran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Wenhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Ning Huang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Yanqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Yundong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China
| | - Jinming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Jinan, P.R.China.,College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, P. R. China
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7
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Wang X, Wong CC, Chen H, Fu K, Shi L, Su H, Guo S, Gou H, Hu X, Zhang L, Ji J, Yu J. The N 6-methyladenine DNA demethylase ALKBH1 promotes gastric carcinogenesis by disrupting NRF1 binding capacity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112279. [PMID: 36989111 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA N6-methyladenine (6mA) is an epigenetic modification that regulates various biological processes. Here, we show that gastric cancer (GC) cells and tumors display a marked reduction in 6mA levels compared with normal gastric tissues and cells. 6mA is abundant in the surrounding transcription start sites and occurs at consensus motifs. Among the 6mA regulators, ALKBH1, a demethylase, is significantly overexpressed in GC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, high ALKBH1 expression is associated with poor survival of patients with GC. ALKBH1 knockout in mice impairs chemically induced gastric carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, ALKBH1 mediates DNA 6mA demethylation to repress gene expression. In particular, the 6mA sites are enriched in NRF1 binding sequences and targeted for demethylation by ALKBH1. ALKBH1-induced 6mA demethylation inhibits NRF1-driven transcription of downstream targets, including multiple genes involved in the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Accordingly, ALKBH1 suppresses AMPK signaling, causing a metabolic shift toward the Warburg effect, which facilitates tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Chun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huarong Chen
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kaili Fu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lingxue Shi
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hao Su
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shang Guo
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongyan Gou
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoxu Hu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lianhai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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8
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Rabbani M, Zheng X, Manske GL, Vargo A, Shami AN, Li JZ, Hammoud SS. Decoding the Spermatogenesis Program: New Insights from Transcriptomic Analyses. Annu Rev Genet 2022; 56:339-368. [PMID: 36070560 PMCID: PMC10722372 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-080320-040045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a complex differentiation process coordinated spatiotemporally across and along seminiferous tubules. Cellular heterogeneity has made it challenging to obtain stage-specific molecular profiles of germ and somatic cells using bulk transcriptomic analyses. This has limited our ability to understand regulation of spermatogenesis and to integrate knowledge from model organisms to humans. The recent advancement of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies provides insights into the cell type diversity and molecular signatures in the testis. Fine-grained cell atlases of the testis contain both known and novel cell types and define the functional states along the germ cell developmental trajectory in many species. These atlases provide a reference system for integrated interspecies comparisons to discover mechanistic parallels and to enable future studies. Despite recent advances, we currently lack high-resolution data to probe germ cell-somatic cell interactions in the tissue environment, but the use of highly multiplexed spatial analysis technologies has begun to resolve this problem. Taken together, recent single-cell studies provide an improvedunderstanding of gametogenesis to examine underlying causes of infertility and enable the development of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashiat Rabbani
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
| | - Xianing Zheng
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
| | - Gabe L Manske
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alexander Vargo
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
| | - Adrienne N Shami
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
| | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Saher Sue Hammoud
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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9
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Niu N, Li H, Du X, Wang C, Li J, Yang J, Liu C, Yang S, Zhu Y, Zhao W. Effects of NRF-1 and PGC-1α cooperation on HIF-1α and rat cardiomyocyte apoptosis under hypoxia. Gene 2022; 834:146565. [PMID: 35569770 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is a primary inducer of cardiomyocyte injury, its significant marker being hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) are transcriptional regulatory elements implicated in multiple biological functions, including oxidative stress response. However, their roles in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis remain unknown. The effect HIF-1α, together with NRF-1, exerts on cardiomyocyte apoptosis also remains unclear. METHODS We established a myocardial hypoxia model and investigated the effects of these proteins on the proliferation and apoptosis of rat cardiomyocytes (H9C2) under hypoxia. Further, we examined the association between NRF-1 and HIF-1α to improve the current understanding of NRF-1 anti-apoptotic mechanisms. RESULTS The results show that NRF-1 and HIF-1α are important anti-apoptotic molecules in H9C2 cells under hypoxia, although their regulatory mechanisms differ. NRF-1 could bind to the promoter region of Hif1a and negatively regulate its expression. Additionally, HIF-1β exhibited competitive binding with NRF-1 and HIF-1α, demonstrating a synergism between NRF-1 and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α. CONCLUSION These results indicate that cardiomyocytes can regulate different molecular patterns to tolerate hypoxia, providing a novel methodological framework for studying cardiomyocyte apoptosis under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Niu
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiancai Du
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Junliang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jihui Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Songhao Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yazhou Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
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10
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Sequence, Expression, and Anti-GCRV Function of the Ferritin from the Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126835. [PMID: 35743279 PMCID: PMC9224801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritin possesses an immune function to defend against pathogen infection. To elucidate the immunity-protecting roles of ferritin from Ctenopharyngodon idellus (Ciferritin) against virus infection, the cDNA and promoter sequences of Ciferritin were determined, and the correlations between Ciferrtin expressions and promoter methylation levels were analyzed. In addition, the functional role of Ciferrtin on GCRV (grass carp reovirus) infection was assessed. The full-length cDNA of Ciferritin is 1053 bp, consists of a 531 bp open-reading frame, and encodes 176 amino acids. Ciferritin showed the highest sequence identity with the ferritin middle subunit of Mylopharyngodon piceus (93.56%), followed by the subunits of Megalobrama amblycephala and Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous. Ciferritin contains a conserved ferritin domain (interval: 10−94 aa), and the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and Rubrerythrin domain were also predicted. In the spleen and kidney, significantly higher Ciferritin expressions were observed at 6, 12, 24, or 168 h post GCRV infection than those in the PBS injection group (p < 0.05). The Ciferrtin expression level in the progeny of maternal-immunized grass carp was significantly higher than that in the progeny of common grass carp (p < 0.05). Ciferritin promoter methylation level in the progeny from common grass carp was 1.27 ± 0.15, and in the progeny of the maternal-immunized group was 1.00 ± 0.14. In addition, methylation levels of “CpG9” and “CpG10” loci were significantly lower in the progeny of maternal-immunized fish than those in the common group. Except for the “CpG5”, methylation levels of all other detected “CpG” loci negatively correlated with Ciferritin expression levels. Furthermore, the total methylation level of “CpG1−10” negatively correlated with the Ciferritin expressions. The Ciferritin expression level was significantly up-regulated, and the VP7 protein levels were significantly reduced, at 24 h post GCRV infection in the Ciferritin over-expression cells (p < 0.05). The results from the present study provide sequence, epigenetic modification and expression, and anti-GCRV functional information of Ciferritin, which provide a basis for achieving resistance to GCRV in grass carp breeding.
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11
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Kaiser VB, Talmane L, Kumar Y, Semple F, MacLennan M, FitzPatrick DR, Taylor MS, Semple CA. Mutational bias in spermatogonia impacts the anatomy of regulatory sites in the human genome. Genome Res 2021; 31:1994-2007. [PMID: 34417209 PMCID: PMC8559717 DOI: 10.1101/gr.275407.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Mutation in the germline is the ultimate source of genetic variation, but little is known about the influence of germline chromatin structure on mutational processes. Using ATAC-seq, we profile the open chromatin landscape of human spermatogonia, the most proliferative cell type of the germline, identifying transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) and PRDM9 binding sites, a subset of which will initiate meiotic recombination. We observe an increase in rare structural variant (SV) breakpoints at PRDM9-bound sites, implicating meiotic recombination in the generation of structural variation. Many germline TFBSs, such as NRF1, are also associated with increased rates of SV breakpoints, apparently independent of recombination. Singleton short insertions (≥5 bp) are highly enriched at TFBSs, particularly at sites bound by testis active TFs, and their rates correlate with those of structural variant breakpoints. Short insertions often duplicate the TFBS motif, leading to clustering of motif sites near regulatory regions in this male-driven evolutionary process. Increased mutation loads at germline TFBSs disproportionately affect neural enhancers with activity in spermatogonia, potentially altering neurodevelopmental regulatory architecture. Local chromatin structure in spermatogonia is thus pervasive in shaping both evolution and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera B Kaiser
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Lana Talmane
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Yatendra Kumar
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Semple
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Marie MacLennan
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - David R FitzPatrick
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Martin S Taylor
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Colin A Semple
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
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12
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An N-ethyl-N-Nitrosourea Mutagenesis Screen in Mice Reveals a Mutation in Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 ( Nrf1) Altering the DNA Methylation State and Correct Embryonic Development. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11072103. [PMID: 34359231 PMCID: PMC8300126 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this work, we aimed to discover unknown genes that are important in the regulation of other genes. These genes often play an important role during the development of the embryo. By screening thousands of mice, we found a gene, namely, Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 (Nrf1), that controls the switching on and off of other genes. Mice with a defective Nrf1 present lesser levels of the gene and embryonic delay. When the mutation is in both chains of the DNA, mice are not born and die in the uterus. Our work unveils a novel, previously unknown functionality of Nrf1 and provides a new mice model for the study of diseases caused by a defective Nrf1. Abstract We have established a genome-wide N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis screen to identify novel genes playing a role in epigenetic regulation in mammals. We hypothesize that the ENU mutagenesis screen will lead to the discovery of unknown genes responsible of the maintenance of the epigenetic state as the genes found are modifiers of variegation of the transgene green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in erythrocytes, which are named MommeD. Here we report the generation of a novel mutant mouse line, MommeD46, that carries a new missense mutation producing an amino acid transversion (L71P) in the dimerization domain of Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 (Nrf1). The molecular characterization of the mutation reveals a decrease in the Nrf1 mRNA levels and a novel role of Nrf1 in the maintenance of the DNA hypomethylation in vivo. The heritability of the mutation is consistent with paternal imprinting and haploinsufficiency. Homozygous mutants display embryonic lethality at 14.5 days post-coitum and developmental delay. This work adds a new epi-regulatory role to Nrf1 and uncovers unknown phenotypical defects of the Nrf1 hypomorph. The generated mouse line represents a valuable resource for studying NRF1-related diseases.
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13
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Qian YC, Xie YX, Wang CS, Shi ZM, Jiang CF, Tang YY, Qian X, Wang L, Jiang BH. Mkrn2 deficiency induces teratozoospermia and male infertility through p53/PERP-mediated apoptosis in testis. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:414-421. [PMID: 31489847 PMCID: PMC7406093 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_76_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The apoptosis that occurs in the immature testis under physiological conditions is necessary for male germ cell development, whereas improper activation of apoptosis can impair spermatogenesis and cause defects in reproduction. We previously demonstrated that in mice, the makorin-2 (Mkrn2) gene is expressed exclusively in the testis and its deletion leads to male infertility. To understand the potential molecular mechanism, in this study, we found that levels of apoptosis in the testis were abnormally high in the absence of Mkrn2. To identify specific gene(s) involved, we performed digital gene expression profiling (DGE) and pathway analysis via gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, and we found that MKRN2 inhibits p53 apoptosis effector related to PMP22 (PERP) expression and that levels of the protein in sperm samples have an inverse correlation with infertility levels. GSEA additionally indicated that PERP is a negative regulator of spermatogenesis and that its ectopic expression induces male infertility. Further, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset analysis showed that p53, upstream of PERP, was upregulated in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). These observations suggest that Mkrn2 is crucial for protecting germ cells from excessive apoptosis and implicate Mkrn2-based suppression of the p53/PERP signaling pathway in spermatogenesis and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chen Qian
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yun-Xia Xie
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chao-Shan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhu-Mei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Cheng-Fei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yun-Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.,The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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14
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Cheon YP, Choi D, Lee SH, Kim CG. YY1 and CP2c in Unidirectional Spermatogenesis and Stemness. Dev Reprod 2021; 24:249-262. [PMID: 33537512 PMCID: PMC7837418 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2020.24.4.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have stemness characteristics, including germ cell-specific imprints that allow them to form gametes. Spermatogenesis involves changes in gene expression such as a transition from expression of somatic to germ cell-specific genes, global repression of gene expression, meiotic sex chromosome inactivation, highly condensed packing of the nucleus with protamines, and morphogenesis. These step-by-step processes finally generate spermatozoa that are fertilization competent. Dynamic epigenetic modifications also confer totipotency to germ cells after fertilization. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) in embryos do not enter meiosis, remain in the proliferative stage, and are referred to as gonocytes, before entering quiescence. Gonocytes develop into SSCs at about 6 days after birth in rodents. Although chromatin structural modification by Polycomb is essential for gene silencing in mammals, and epigenetic changes are critical in spermatogenesis, a comprehensive understanding of transcriptional regulation is lacking. Recently, we evaluated the expression profiles of Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and CP2c in the gonads of E14.5 and 12-week-old mice. YY1 localizes at the nucleus and/or cytoplasm at specific stages of spermatogenesis, possibly by interaction with CP2c and YY1-interacting transcription factor. In the present article, we discuss the possible roles of YY1 and CP2c in spermatogenesis and stemness based on our results and a review of the relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Pil Cheon
- Division of Developmental Biology and Physiology, Institute for Basic Sciences, Sungshin University, Seoul 02844, Korea
| | - Donchan Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Environmental Sciences, Yong-In University, Yongin 17092, Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
| | - Chul Geun Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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15
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Cui T, Huang J, Sun Y, Ning B, Mu F, You X, Guo Y, Li H, Wang N. KLF2 Inhibits Chicken Preadipocyte Differentiation at Least in Part via Directly Repressing PPARγ Transcript Variant 1 Expression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:627102. [PMID: 33634127 PMCID: PMC7901985 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.627102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is the master regulatory factor of preadipocyte differentiation. As a result of alternative splicing and alternative promoter usage, PPARγ gene generates multiple transcript variants encoding two protein isoforms. Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) plays a negative role in preadipocyte differentiation. However, its underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrated that KLF2 inhibited the P1 promoter activity of the chicken PPARγ gene. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the P1 promoter harbored a conserved putative KLF2 binding site, and mutation analysis showed that the KLF2 binding site was required for the KLF2-mediated transcription inhibition of the P1 promoter. ChIP, EMSA, and reporter gene assays showed that KLF2 could directly bind to the P1 promoter regardless of methylation status and reduced the P1 promoter activity. Consistently, histone modification analysis showed that H3K9me2 was enriched and H3K27ac was depleted in the P1 promoter upon KLF2 overexpression in ICP1 cells. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed that KLF2 overexpression reduced the endogenous expression of PPARγ transcript variant 1 (PPARγ1), which is driven by the P1 promoter, in DF1 and ICP1 cells, and that the inhibition of ICP1 cell differentiation by KLF2 overexpression was accompanied by the downregulation of PPARγ1 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that KLF2 inhibits chicken preadipocyte differentiation at least inpart via direct downregulation of PPARγ1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Yingning Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Bolin Ning
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Mu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Xin You
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Yaqi Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
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16
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Cediel Ulloa A, Gliga A, Love TM, Pineda D, Mruzek DW, Watson GE, Davidson PW, Shamlaye CF, Strain JJ, Myers GJ, van Wijngaarden E, Ruegg J, Broberg K. Prenatal methylmercury exposure and DNA methylation in seven-year-old children in the Seychelles Child Development Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 147:106321. [PMID: 33340986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylmercury (MeHg) is present in fish and is a neurotoxicant at sufficiently high levels. One potential mechanism of MeHg toxicity early in life is epigenetic dysregulation that may affect long-term neurodevelopment. Altered DNA methylation of nervous system-related genes has been associated with adult mental health outcomes. OBJECTIVE To assess associations between prenatal MeHg exposure and DNA methylation (at the cytosine of CG dinucleotides, CpGs) in three nervous system-related genes, encoding brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), glutamate receptor subunit NR2B (GRIN2B), and the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), in children who were exposed to MeHg in utero. METHODS We tested 406 seven-year-old Seychellois children participating in the Seychelles Child Development Study (Nutrition Cohort 2), who were prenatally exposed to MeHg from maternal fish consumption. Total mercury in maternal hair (prenatal MeHg exposure measure) collected during pregnancy was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Methylation in DNA from the children's saliva was measured by pyrosequencing. To assess associations between prenatal MeHg exposure and CpG methylation at seven years of age, we used multivariable linear regression models adjusted for covariates. RESULTS We identified associations with prenatal MeHg exposure for DNA methylation of one GRIN2B CpG and two NR3C1 CpGs out of 12 total CpG sites. Higher prenatal MeHg was associated with higher methylation for each CpG site. For example, NR3C1 CpG3 had an expected increase of 0.03-fold for each additional 1 ppm of prenatal MeHg (B = 0.030, 95% CI 0.001, 0.059; p = 0.047). Several CpG sites associated with MeHg are located in transcription factor binding sites and the observed methylation changes are predicted to lead to lower gene expression. CONCLUSIONS In a population of people who consume large amounts of fish, we showed that higher prenatal MeHg exposure was associated with differential DNA methylation at seven years of age at specific CpG sites that may influence neurodevelopment and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cediel Ulloa
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Organism Biology, Uppsala University, Kåbovägen 4, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anda Gliga
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tanzy M Love
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Daniela Pineda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, 22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel W Mruzek
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Gene E Watson
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Philip W Davidson
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | | | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland Bt52 1SA, UK
| | - Gary J Myers
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Edwin van Wijngaarden
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Joelle Ruegg
- Department of Organism Biology, Uppsala University, Kåbovägen 4, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, 22185 Lund, Sweden.
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17
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Wu X, Lin D, Sun F, Cheng CY. Male Infertility in Humans: An Update on Non-obstructive Azoospermia (NOA) and Obstructive Azoospermia (OA). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1288:161-173. [PMID: 34453736 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77779-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and obstructive azoospermia (OA) are two common causes of infertility that affect a considerable number of men. However, few studies were performed to understand the molecular etiology of these disorders. Studies based on bioinformatics and genetic analyses in recent years, however, have yielded insightful information and have identified a number of genes that are involved in these disorders. In this review, we briefly summarize and evaluate these findings. We also discuss findings based on epigenetic modifications of sperm DNAs that affect a number of genes pertinent to NOA and OA. The information summarized in this Chapter should be helpful to investigators in future functional studies of NOA and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengfeng Lin
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Yang Y, Pan L, Zhou Y, Xu R, Li D. Benzo[a]pyrene exposure disrupts steroidogenesis and impairs spermatogenesis in diverse reproductive stages of male scallop (Chlamys farreri). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110125. [PMID: 32861722 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a model compound of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon known to impair reproductive functions of vertebrates, while the data is scarce in marine invertebrates. To investigate the toxic effects of BaP on invertebrates reproduction, we exposed male scallop (Chlamys farreri) to BaP (0, 0.38 and 3.8 μg/L) throughout three stages of reproductive cycle (early gametogenesis stage, late gametogenesis stage and ripe stage). The results demonstrated that BaP decreased the gonadosomatic index and mature sperms counts in a dose-dependent manner. Significant changes in sex hormones contents and increased 17β-estradiol/testosterone ratio suggested that BaP produced the estrogenic endocrine effects in male scallops. In support of this view, we confirmed that BaP significantly altered transcripts of genes along the upstream PKA and PKC mediated signaling pathway like fshr, lhcgr, adcy, PKA, PKC, PLC and NR5A2. Subsequently, the expressions of genes encoding downstream steroidogenic enzymes (e.g., 3β-HSD, CYP17 and 17β-HSD) were impacted, which corresponded well with hormonal alterations. In addition, BaP suppressed transcriptions of spermatogenesis-related genes, including ccnd2, SCP3, NRF1 and AQP9. Due to different functional demands, these transcript profiles involved in spermatogenesis exhibited a stage-specific expression pattern. Furthermore, histopathological analysis determined that BaP significantly inhibited testicular development and maturation in male scallops. Overall, the present findings indicated that, playing as an estrogenic-like chemical, BaP could disrupt the steroidogenesis pathway, impair spermatogenesis and caused histological damages, thereby inducing reproductive toxicities with dose- and stage-specific effects in male scallops. And the adverse outcomes might threaten the stability of bivalve populations and destroy the function of marine ecosystems in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Yueyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Dongyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
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19
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Greither T, Schumacher J, Dejung M, Behre HM, Zischler H, Butter F, Herlyn H. Fertility Relevance Probability Analysis Shortlists Genetic Markers for Male Fertility Impairment. Cytogenet Genome Res 2020; 160:506-522. [PMID: 33238277 DOI: 10.1159/000511117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of male fertility is one of the major public health issues worldwide. Nevertheless, genetic causes of male sub- and infertility can often only be suspected due to the lack of reliable and easy-to-use routine tests. Yet, the development of a marker panel is complicated by the large quantity of potentially predictive markers. Actually, hundreds or even thousands of genes could have fertility relevance. Thus, a systematic method enabling a selection of the most predictive markers out of the many candidates is required. As a criterion for marker selection, we derived a gene-specific score, which we refer to as fertility relevance probability (FRP). For this purpose, we first categorized 2,753 testis-expressed genes as either candidate markers or non-candidates, according to phenotypes in male knockout mice. In a parallel approach, 2,502 genes were classified as candidate markers or non-candidates based on phenotypes in men. Subsequently, we conducted logistic regression analyses with evolutionary rates of genes (dN/dS), transcription levels in testis relative to other organs, and connectivity of the encoded proteins in a protein-protein interaction network as covariates. In confirmation of the procedure, FRP values showed the expected pattern, thus being overall higher in genes with known relevance for fertility than in their counterparts without corresponding evidence. In addition, higher FRP values corresponded with an increased dysregulation of protein abundance in spermatozoa of 37 men with normal and 38 men with impaired fertility. Present analyses resulted in a ranking of genes according to their probable predictive power as candidate markers for male fertility impairment. Thus, AKAP4, TNP1, DAZL, BRDT, DMRT1, SPO11, ZPBP, HORMAD1, and SMC1B are prime candidates toward a marker panel for male fertility impairment. Additional candidate markers are DDX4, SHCBP1L, CCDC155, ODF1, DMRTB1, ASZ1, BOLL, FKBP6, SLC25A31, PRSS21, and RNF17. FRP inference additionally provides clues for potential new markers, thereunder TEX37 and POU4F2. The results of our logistic regression analyses are freely available at the PreFer Genes website (https://prefer-genes.uni-mainz.de/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Greither
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mario Dejung
- Quantitative Proteomics, Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hermann M Behre
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Hans Zischler
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Falk Butter
- Quantitative Proteomics, Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Herlyn
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany,
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20
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Chen W, Zhang Z, Chang C, Yang Z, Wang P, Fu H, Wei X, Chen E, Tan S, Huang W, Sun L, Ni T, Yang Y, Wang Y. A bioenergetic shift is required for spermatogonial differentiation. Cell Discov 2020; 6:56. [PMID: 32864161 PMCID: PMC7431567 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-020-0183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A bioenergetic balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is particularly important for stem cell fate specification. It however remains to be determined whether undifferentiated spermatogonia switch their preference for bioenergy production during differentiation. In this study, we found that ATP generation in spermatogonia was gradually increased upon retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation. To accommodate this elevated energy demand, RA signaling concomitantly switched ATP production in spermatogonia from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration, accompanied by increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Disrupting mitochondrial respiration significantly blocked spermatogonial differentiation. Inhibition of glucose conversion to glucose-6-phosphate or pentose phosphate pathway also repressed the formation of c-Kit+ differentiating germ cells, suggesting that metabolites produced from glycolysis are required for spermatogonial differentiation. We further demonstrated that the expression levels of several metabolic regulators and enzymes were significantly altered upon RA-induced differentiation, with both RNA-seq and quantitative proteomic analyses. Taken together, our data unveil a critically regulated bioenergetic balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration that is required for spermatogonial proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Zhaoran Zhang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Chingwen Chang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Zhichang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Pengxiang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Haihui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Eric Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Suxu Tan
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Liangliang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Ting Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yi Yang
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
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21
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Chen W, Sun Y, Sun Q, Zhang J, Jiang M, Chang C, Huang X, Wang C, Wang P, Zhang Z, Chen X, Wang Y. MFN2 Plays a Distinct Role from MFN1 in Regulating Spermatogonial Differentiation. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:803-817. [PMID: 32330448 PMCID: PMC7221103 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mitochondrial morphology is well-known for its role in cellular homeostasis, there is surprisingly little knowledge on whether mitochondrial remodeling is required for postnatal germ cell development. In this study, we investigated the functions of MFN1 and MFN2, two GTPases in mitochondrial fusion, during early spermatogenesis. We observed increased MFN expressions along with increased mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activities during spermatogonial differentiation. Deletion of either Mfn led to DNA oxidation and apoptosis specifically in differentiating spermatogonia and spermatocytes, which in turn caused male infertility. We further found MFN2 regulated spermatogenesis by modulating both mitochondrial and ER functions, a mechanism distinct from that of MFN1. Defects of germ cell development in MFN2 mutants were corrected by MFN2 at either mitochondria or ER but not by MFN1. Our study thus reveals an essential requirement of MFN-mediated mitochondrial and ER coordination in spermatogenesis, providing critical insights into mitochondrial determinants of male fertility. Mitochondrial and ER activities increase during spermatogonial differentiation Mfn deletions specifically impair differentiating spermatogonia and spermatocytes MFN2 impacts male fertility via regulating mitochondrial fusion and ER homeostasis MFN2 functions non-redundantly from MFN1 in spermatogenesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Manxi Jiang
- Department of Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chingwen Chang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chuanyun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Pengxiang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhaoran Zhang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xuejin Chen
- Department of Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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22
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Wang B, Luo Q, Li Y, Yin L, Zhou N, Li X, Gan J, Dong A. Structural insights into target DNA recognition by R2R3-MYB transcription factors. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:460-471. [PMID: 31733060 PMCID: PMC7145699 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the largest group of MYB family transcription factors, R2R3-MYB proteins play essential roles during plant growth and development. However, the structural basis underlying how R2R3-MYBs recognize the target DNA remains elusive. Here, we report the crystal structure of Arabidopsis WEREWOLF (WER), an R2R3-MYB protein, in complex with its target DNA. Structural analysis showed that the third α-helices in both the R2 and R3 repeats of WER fit in the major groove of the DNA, specifically recognizing the DNA motif 5'-AACNGC-3'. In combination with mutagenesis, in vitro binding and in vivo luciferase assays, we showed that K55, N106, K109 and N110 are critical for the function of WER. Although L59 of WER is not involved in DNA binding in the structure, ITC analysis suggested that L59 plays an important role in sensing DNA methylation at the fifth position of cytosine (5mC). Like 5mC, methylation at the sixth position of adenine (6mA) in the AAC element also inhibits the interaction between WER and its target DNA. Our study not only unravels the molecular basis of how WER recognizes its target DNA, but also suggests that 5mC and 6mA modifications may block the interaction between R2R3-MYB transcription factors and their target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, International Associated Laboratory of CNRS-Fudan-HUNAU on Plant Epigenome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, International Associated Laboratory of CNRS-Fudan-HUNAU on Plant Epigenome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, International Associated Laboratory of CNRS-Fudan-HUNAU on Plant Epigenome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liufan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, International Associated Laboratory of CNRS-Fudan-HUNAU on Plant Epigenome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Nana Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, International Associated Laboratory of CNRS-Fudan-HUNAU on Plant Epigenome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Aiwu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, International Associated Laboratory of CNRS-Fudan-HUNAU on Plant Epigenome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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23
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Tang KS. The current and future perspectives of zinc oxide nanoparticles in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Life Sci 2019; 239:117011. [PMID: 31669241 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifaceted and costly disease, which requires serious attention. Finding a cheaper anti-diabetic alternative that can act on multiple disease-related targets and pathways is the ultimate treatment goal for DM. Nanotechnology has offered some exciting possibilities in biomedical and drug delivery applications. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), a novel agent to deliver zinc, have great implications in many disease therapies including DM. This review summarizes the pharmacological mechanisms by which ZnO-NPs alleviate DM and diabetic complications. Research implications and future perspectives were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim San Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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24
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Palmer N, Talib SZA, Kaldis P. Diverse roles for CDK-associated activity during spermatogenesis. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2925-2949. [PMID: 31566717 PMCID: PMC6900092 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The primary function of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in complex with their activating cyclin partners is to promote mitotic division in somatic cells. This canonical cell cycle-associated activity is also crucial for fertility as it allows the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells within the reproductive organs to generate meiotically competent cells. Intriguingly, several CDKs exhibit meiosis-specific functions and are essential for the completion of the two reductional meiotic divisions required to generate haploid gametes. These meiosis-specific functions are mediated by both known CDK/cyclin complexes and meiosis-specific CDK-regulators and are important for a variety of processes during meiotic prophase. The majority of meiotic defects observed upon deletion of these proteins occur during the extended prophase I of the first meiotic division. Importantly a lack of redundancy is seen within the meiotic arrest phenotypes described for many of these proteins, suggesting intricate layers of cell cycle control are required for normal meiotic progression. Using the process of male germ cell development (spermatogenesis) as a reference, this review seeks to highlight the diverse roles of selected CDKs their activators, and their regulators during gametogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Palmer
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Zakiah A Talib
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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25
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Pandey A, Yadav SK, Vishvkarma R, Singh B, Maikhuri JP, Rajender S, Gupta G. The dynamics of gene expression during and post meiosis sets the sperm agenda. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1921-1939. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Pandey
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | | | - Rahul Vishvkarma
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | - Bineta Singh
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | | | - Singh Rajender
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Division of EndocrinologyCSIR‐Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India
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26
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Palmer N, Talib SZA, Ratnacaram CK, Low D, Bisteau X, Lee JHS, Pfeiffenberger E, Wollmann H, Tan JHL, Wee S, Sobota R, Gunaratne J, Messerschmidt DM, Guccione E, Kaldis P. CDK2 regulates the NRF1/ Ehmt1 axis during meiotic prophase I. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:2896-2918. [PMID: 31350280 PMCID: PMC6719441 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201903125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmer et al. identify NRF1 as a novel CDK2 interactor and substrate. This interaction was found to be important for the DNA-binding activity of NRF1. Their findings demonstrate that the loss of CDK2 expression impairs the regulation of NRF1 transcriptional activity, leading to inappropriate transcription during meiotic division. Meiosis generates four genetically distinct haploid gametes over the course of two reductional cell divisions. Meiotic divisions are characterized by the coordinated deposition and removal of various epigenetic marks. Here we propose that nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) regulates transcription of euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) to ensure normal patterns of H3K9 methylation during meiotic prophase I. We demonstrate that cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK2) can bind to the promoters of a number of genes in male germ cells including that of Ehmt1 through interaction with the NRF1 transcription factor. Our data indicate that CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NRF1 can occur at two distinct serine residues and negatively regulates NRF1 DNA binding activity in vitro. Furthermore, induced deletion of Cdk2 in spermatocytes results in increased expression of many NRF1 target genes including Ehmt1. We hypothesize that the regulation of NRF1 transcriptional activity by CDK2 may allow the modulation of Ehmt1 expression, therefore controlling the dynamic methylation of H3K9 during meiotic prophase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Palmer
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Zakiah A Talib
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | | | - Diana Low
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Xavier Bisteau
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Joanna Hui Si Lee
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | | | - Heike Wollmann
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Joel Heng Loong Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheena Wee
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Radoslaw Sobota
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Jayantha Gunaratne
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Daniel M Messerschmidt
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore .,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore .,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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27
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Jung M, Wells D, Rusch J, Ahmad S, Marchini J, Myers SR, Conrad DF. Unified single-cell analysis of testis gene regulation and pathology in five mouse strains. eLife 2019; 8:e43966. [PMID: 31237565 PMCID: PMC6615865 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To fully exploit the potential of single-cell functional genomics in the study of development and disease, robust methods are needed to simplify the analysis of data across samples, time-points and individuals. Here we introduce a model-based factor analysis method, SDA, to analyze a novel 57,600 cell dataset from the testes of wild-type mice and mice with gonadal defects due to disruption of the genes Mlh3, Hormad1, Cul4a or Cnp. By jointly analyzing mutant and wild-type cells we decomposed our data into 46 components that identify novel meiotic gene-regulatory programs, mutant-specific pathological processes, and technical effects, and provide a framework for imputation. We identify, de novo, DNA sequence motifs associated with individual components that define temporally varying modes of gene expression control. Analysis of SDA components also led us to identify a rare population of macrophages within the seminiferous tubules of Mlh3-/- and Hormad1-/- mice, an area typically associated with immune privilege.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung
- Department of GeneticsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Daniel Wells
- The Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Jannette Rusch
- Department of GeneticsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Suhaira Ahmad
- Department of GeneticsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Jonathan Marchini
- The Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Simon R Myers
- The Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Donald F Conrad
- Department of GeneticsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research CenterOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
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28
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Repression of TERRA Expression by Subtelomeric DNA Methylation Is Dependent on NRF1 Binding. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112791. [PMID: 31181625 PMCID: PMC6600276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome ends are transcribed into long noncoding telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) from subtelomeric promoters. A class of TERRA promoters are associated with CpG islands embedded in repetitive DNA tracts. Cytosines in these subtelomeric CpG islands are frequently methylated in telomerase-positive cancer cells, and demethylation induced by depletion of DNA methyltransferases is associated with increased TERRA levels. However, the direct evidence and the underlying mechanism regulating TERRA expression through subtelomeric CpG islands methylation are still to establish. To analyze TERRA regulation by subtelomeric DNA methylation in human cell line (HeLa), we used an epigenetic engineering tool based on CRISPR-dCas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats - dead CRISPR associated protein 9) associated with TET1 (ten-eleven 1 hydroxylase) to specifically demethylate subtelomeric CpG islands. This targeted demethylation caused an up-regulation of TERRA, and the enhanced TERRA production depended on the methyl-sensitive transcription factor NRF1 (nuclear respiratory factor 1). Since AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) is a well-known activator of NRF1, we treated cells with an AMPK inhibitor (compound C). Surprisingly, compound C treatment increased TERRA levels but did not inhibit AMPK activity in these experimental conditions. Altogether, our results provide new insight in the fine-tuning of TERRA at specific subtelomeric promoters and could allow identifying new regulators of TERRA.
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An SY, Zhang GM, Liu ZF, Zhou C, Yang PC, Wang F. MiR-1197-3p regulates testosterone secretion in goat Leydig cells via targeting PPARGC1A. Gene 2019; 710:131-139. [PMID: 31158446 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As a fundamental regulator of mitochondrial function, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) acts as a powerful coactivator of many transcriptional factors that relate to steroidogenesis, while the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, testosterone secretion of goat Leydig cells (LCs) mediated by miR-1197-3p via PPARGC1A was investigated. We found PPARGC1A protein was diversely localized in testis, and the expression of PPARGC1A in testis of 9-month-old goat was significantly higher than that in 3-month-old goat. In addition, suppression of PPARGC1A significantly decreased the testosterone secretion in goat LCs, as well as reduced the expressions of key steroidogenesis related genes [steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1), and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3BHSD)], and overexpression of PPARGC1A showed the opposite effects. Moreover, we observed suppression of miR-1197-3p increased the synthesis of testosterone and promoted the expressions of PPARGC1A, StAR, CYP11A1, and 3BHSD by directly targeting PPARGC1A in the LCs. Furthermore, overexpression of PPARGC1A could alleviate miR-1197-3p induced aberrant steroidogenesis related gene expressions and testosterone synthesis. Taken together, miR-1197-3p could act as an essential regulator of LC testosterone secretion in goat testis by targeting PPARGC1A. These results provide a novel view of the regulatory mechanisms involved in male sexual maturation and help us to understand the molecular role of PPARGC1A in testosterone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu An
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guo-Min Zhang
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zi-Fei Liu
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chuang Zhou
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Yang
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Wu C, Wang Y, Gong P, Wang L, Liu C, Chen C, Jiang X, Dong X, Cheng B, Li H. Promoter Methylation Regulates ApoA-I Gene Transcription in Chicken Abdominal Adipose Tissue. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4535-4544. [PMID: 30932484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a central constituent of HDL (high-density lipoprotein), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) has a vital function in lipid metabolism. Our previous studies confirmed that ApoA-I was differentially expressed in the adipose tissue of the abdomen of lean and fat broilers. The aim of the current work was to evaluate whether the transcription of ApoA-I in chicken abdominal adipose tissue was regulated by DNA methylation. The methylation status of ApoA-I promoter CpG island (PCGI) and promoter non-CpG island (PNCGI) as well as the ApoA-I expression level in adipose tissue of lean and fat broilers were determined using Sequenom MassARRAY and real-time PCR. The correlation analysis results showed that the methylation level of PCGI and the ApoA-I mRNA expression level were negatively correlated. Bisulfite sequencing PCR was used to assess the methylation level of ApoA-I promoter in the ICP1 cells treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR: an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase). The result showed that 5-Aza-CdR caused a reduction in the methylation level of the ApoA-I promoter, thereby causing an increase in expression of the ApoA-I mRNA. Meanwhile, luciferase reporter assays indicated that in vitro methylation of the ApoA-I promoter containing CpG island with CpG methyltransferase led to transcriptional repression. Furthermore, the noticeable activation of NRF1 on ApoA-I transcription was largely enhanced by the demethylation of the ApoA-I PCGI region. These observations indicated that the differential expression of ApoA-I gene in the adipose tissue of broilers could be mediated by transcription regulation, at least in part by DNA methylation in its PCGI region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Pengfei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Lijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Xiuying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Xiangyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Bohan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , Heilongjiang , China
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31
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Hong J, Wang X, Mei C, Wang H, Zan L. DNA Methylation and Transcription Factors Competitively Regulate SIRT4 Promoter Activity in Bovine Adipocytes: Roles of NRF1 and CMYB. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 38:63-75. [PMID: 30570339 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) belongs to the mitochondrial sirtuin protein family, a class of NAD+-dependent protein deacylases that remove post-translational acyl modifications from cellular substrates during the regulation of various biological pathways. SIRT4 has been shown to regulate lipid homeostasis. However, the mechanism by which the bovine SIRT4 gene is transcriptionally regulated remains unknown. To explore the molecular mechanism of SIRT4 expression, we obtained a 400-kb fragment of the 5'-regulatory region of bovine SIRT4 by molecular cloning, which contained a CpG island. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and luciferase reporter gene assays identified the nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and myb proto-oncogene protein (CMYB) binding sites as transcriptional repression and activation sites in the SIRT4 promoter region, respectively. We further verified that NRF1 and CMYB bind to the SIRT4 promoter using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. In addition, from DNA methylation and reporter gene assays, results revealed that SIRT4 promoter activity was enhanced by demethylation. Further, NRF1-mediated transcriptional inhibition and CMYB-mediated transcriptional activation of SIRT4 expression were strengthened by demethylation during bovine adipocyte differentiation. Taken together, our results shed light on the mechanism underlying the promoter methylation and transcriptional regulation of SIRT4 expression in bovine adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyun Hong
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chugang Mei
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,2 National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hongbao Wang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,2 National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Linsen Zan
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,2 National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Hong JY, Mei CG, Li SJ, Wang HB, Zhao CP, Zan LS. Coordinate regulation by transcription factors and DNA methylation in the core promoter region of SIRT6 in bovine adipocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 659:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Green CD, Ma Q, Manske GL, Shami AN, Zheng X, Marini S, Moritz L, Sultan C, Gurczynski SJ, Moore BB, Tallquist MD, Li JZ, Hammoud SS. A Comprehensive Roadmap of Murine Spermatogenesis Defined by Single-Cell RNA-Seq. Dev Cell 2018; 46:651-667.e10. [PMID: 30146481 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis requires intricate interactions between the germline and somatic cells. Within a given cross section of a seminiferous tubule, multiple germ and somatic cell types co-occur. This cellular heterogeneity has made it difficult to profile distinct cell types at different stages of development. To address this challenge, we collected single-cell RNA sequencing data from ∼35,000 cells from the adult mouse testis and identified all known germ and somatic cells, as well as two unexpected somatic cell types. Our analysis revealed a continuous developmental trajectory of germ cells from spermatogonia to spermatids and identified candidate transcriptional regulators at several transition points during differentiation. Focused analyses delineated four subtypes of spermatogonia and nine subtypes of Sertoli cells; the latter linked to histologically defined developmental stages over the seminiferous epithelial cycle. Overall, this high-resolution cellular atlas represents a community resource and foundation of knowledge to study germ cell development and in vivo gametogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qianyi Ma
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gabriel L Manske
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Xianing Zheng
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Simone Marini
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lindsay Moritz
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Caleb Sultan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Bethany B Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Saher Sue Hammoud
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Alavian-Ghavanini A, Lin PI, Lind PM, Risén Rimfors S, Halin Lejonklou M, Dunder L, Tang M, Lindh C, Bornehag CG, Rüegg J. Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure is Linked to Epigenetic Changes in Glutamate Receptor Subunit Gene Grin2b in Female Rats and Humans. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11315. [PMID: 30054528 PMCID: PMC6063959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29732-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders and to effects on epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation, at genes involved in brain function. High doses of BPA have been shown to change expression and regulation of one such gene, Grin2b, in mice. Yet, if such changes occur at relevant doses in animals and humans has not been addressed. We investigated if low-dose developmental BPA exposure affects DNA methylation and expression of Grin2b in brains of adult rats. Furthermore, we assessed associations between prenatal BPA exposure and Grin2b methylation in 7-year old children. We found that Grin2b mRNA expression was increased and DNA methylation decreased in female, but not in male rats. In humans, prenatal BPA exposure was associated with increased methylation levels in girls. Additionally, low APGAR scores, a predictor for increased risk for neurodevelopmental diseases, were associated with higher Grin2b methylation levels in girls. Thus, we could link developmental BPA exposure and low APGAR scores to changes in the epigenetic regulation of Grin2b, a gene important for neuronal function, in a sexual dimorphic fashion. Discrepancies in exact locations and directions of the DNA methylation change might reflect differences between species, analysed tissues, exposure level and/or timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alavian-Ghavanini
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, 151 36, Södertälje, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Molecular Medicine (CMM), 171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ping-I Lin
- Karlstad University, Department of Health Sciences, 651 88, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - P Monica Lind
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sabina Risén Rimfors
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, 151 36, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Margareta Halin Lejonklou
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linda Dunder
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mandy Tang
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, 151 36, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Christian Lindh
- Lund University, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Karlstad University, Department of Health Sciences, 651 88, Karlstad, Sweden
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, 151 36, Södertälje, Sweden.
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Molecular Medicine (CMM), 171 64, Solna, Sweden.
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