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El-Hachem N, Leclercq M, Susaeta Ruiz M, Vanleyssem R, Shostak K, Körner PR, Capron C, Martin-Morales L, Roncarati P, Lavergne A, Blomme A, Turchetto S, Goffin E, Thandapani P, Tarassov I, Nguyen L, Pirotte B, Chariot A, Marine JC, Herfs M, Rapino F, Agami R, Close P. Valine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase promotes therapy resistance in melanoma. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:1154-1164. [PMID: 38849541 PMCID: PMC11252002 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Transfer RNA dynamics contribute to cancer development through regulation of codon-specific messenger RNA translation. Specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases can either promote or suppress tumourigenesis. Here we show that valine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (VARS) is a key player in the codon-biased translation reprogramming induced by resistance to targeted (MAPK) therapy in melanoma. The proteome rewiring in patient-derived MAPK therapy-resistant melanoma is biased towards the usage of valine and coincides with the upregulation of valine cognate tRNAs and of VARS expression and activity. Strikingly, VARS knockdown re-sensitizes MAPK-therapy-resistant patient-derived melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, VARS regulates the messenger RNA translation of valine-enriched transcripts, among which hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase mRNA encodes for a key enzyme in fatty acid oxidation. Resistant melanoma cultures rely on fatty acid oxidation and hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase for their survival upon MAPK treatment. Together, our data demonstrate that VARS may represent an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of therapy-resistant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla El-Hachem
- Laboratory of Cancer Signaling, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marine Leclercq
- Laboratory of Cancer Signaling, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Miguel Susaeta Ruiz
- Laboratory of Cancer Signaling, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Raphael Vanleyssem
- Laboratory of Cancer Signaling, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Kateryna Shostak
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre-René Körner
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coralie Capron
- Laboratory of Cancer Stemness, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Patrick Roncarati
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lavergne
- Bioinformatics platform, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Blomme
- Laboratory of Cancer Signaling, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Silvia Turchetto
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Eric Goffin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Palaniraja Thandapani
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Tarassov
- UMR 7156 - Molecular Genetics, Genomics, Microbiology, University of Strasbourg/CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Nguyen
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Chariot
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael Herfs
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Francesca Rapino
- Laboratory of Cancer Stemness, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Reuven Agami
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, Department of Genetics, Rotterdam University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre Close
- Laboratory of Cancer Signaling, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
- WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
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Kang C, Yun D, Yoon H, Hong M, Hwang J, Shin HM, Park S, Cheon S, Han D, Moon KC, Kim HY, Choi EY, Lee EY, Kim MH, Jeong CW, Kwak C, Kim DK, Oh KH, Joo KW, Lee DS, Kim YS, Han SS. Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS1) drives tubulointerstitial nephritis-induced fibrosis by enhancing T cell proliferation and activity. Kidney Int 2024; 105:997-1019. [PMID: 38320721 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Toxin- and drug-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN), characterized by interstitial infiltration of immune cells, frequently necessitates dialysis for patients due to irreversible fibrosis. However, agents modulating interstitial immune cells are lacking. Here, we addressed whether the housekeeping enzyme glutamyl-prolyl-transfer RNA synthetase 1 (EPRS1), responsible for attaching glutamic acid and proline to transfer RNA, modulates immune cell activity during TIN and whether its pharmacological inhibition abrogates fibrotic transformation. The immunological feature following TIN induction by means of an adenine-mixed diet was infiltration of EPRS1high T cells, particularly proliferating T and γδ T cells. The proliferation capacity of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, along with interleukin-17 production of γδ T cells, was higher in the kidneys of TIN-induced Eprs1+/+ mice than in the kidneys of TIN-induced Eprs1+/- mice. This discrepancy contributed to the fibrotic amelioration observed in kidneys of Eprs1+/- mice. TIN-induced fibrosis was also reduced in Rag1-/- mice adoptively transferred with Eprs1+/- T cells compared to the Rag1-/- mice transferred with Eprs1+/+ T cells. The use of an EPRS1-targeting small molecule inhibitor (bersiporocin) under clinical trials to evaluate its therapeutic potential against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis alleviated immunofibrotic aggravation in TIN. EPRS1 expression was also observed in human kidney tissues and blood-derived T cells, and high expression was associated with worse patient outcomes. Thus, EPRS1 may emerge as a therapeutic target in toxin- and drug-induced TIN, modulating the proliferation and activity of infiltrated T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaelin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghwan Yun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haein Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minki Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhyeon Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seokwoo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongmin Cheon
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Moon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Wook Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwon Wook Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Seok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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3
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Lee DK, Jo SH, Lee ES, Ha KB, Park NW, Kong DH, Park SI, Park JS, Chung CH. DWN12088, A Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor, Alleviates Hepatic Injury in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:97-111. [PMID: 38173372 PMCID: PMC10850270 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver disease caused by obesity that leads to hepatic lipoapoptosis, resulting in fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, the mechanism underlying NASH is largely unknown, and there is currently no effective therapeutic agent against it. DWN12088, an agent used for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, is a selective prolyl-tRNA synthetase (PRS) inhibitor that suppresses the synthesis of collagen. However, the mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effect of DWN12088 is not clear. Therefore, we investigated the role of DWN12088 in NASH progression. METHODS Mice were fed a chow diet or methionine-choline deficient (MCD)-diet, which was administered with DWN12088 or saline by oral gavage for 6 weeks. The effects of DWN12088 on NASH were evaluated by pathophysiological examinations, such as real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, biochemical analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of hepatic injury were assessed by in vitro cell culture. RESULTS DWN12088 attenuated palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipid accumulation and lipoapoptosis by downregulating the Rho-kinase (ROCK)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)/C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) signaling cascades. PA increased but DWN12088 inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 (Ser536, Ser276) and the expression of proinflammatory genes. Moreover, the DWN12088 inhibited transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced pro-fibrotic gene expression by suppressing TGFβ receptor 1 (TGFβR1)/Smad2/3 and TGFβR1/glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) axis signaling. In the case of MCD-diet-induced NASH, DWN12088 reduced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and lipoapoptosis and prevented the progression of fibrosis. CONCLUSION Our findings provide new insights about DWN12088, namely that it plays an important role in the overall improvement of NASH. Hence, DWN12088 shows great potential to be developed as a new integrated therapeutic agent for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Keon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Division of Research Program, Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Su Ho Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Kyung Bong Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Na Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Deok-Hoon Kong
- Division of Research Program, Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- Division of Research Program, Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Joon Seok Park
- Drug Discovery Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Shin W, Park MY, Kim J, Kim J, Nam JH, Choi J, Yang A, Yoo H, Lee Y, Kim A. No drug-drug interactions between selective prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, bersiporocin, and pirfenidone or nintedanib in healthy participants. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13701. [PMID: 38105420 PMCID: PMC10777433 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bersiporocin, a potent and selective prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, is expected to show a synergistic effect with pirfenidone or nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. To validate the combination therapy of bersiporocin with pirfenidone or nintedanib, a randomized, open-label, two-part, one-sequence, three-period, three-treatment study was designed to evaluate the effect of drug-drug interactions (DDI) regarding their pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability in healthy participants. In addition, the pharmacokinetic profiles of the newly formulated, enteric-coated bersiporocin tablet were evaluated after single and multiple administrations. The potential effects of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) genotyping on bersiporocin pharmacokinetics and DDI were also explored. In Part 1, participants were sequentially administered a single dose of pirfenidone 600 mg, a single dose of bersiporocin 150 mg followed by multiple doses, and bersiporocin in combination with pirfenidone. In Part 2, participants were sequentially administered a single dose of nintedanib 150 mg, multiple doses of bersiporocin 150 mg, and bersiporocin in combination with nintedanib. Forty-six participants completed the study. There was no significant pharmacokinetic DDI between bersiporocin, and pirfenidone or nintedanib. All adverse events (AEs) were mild to moderate and did not include serious AEs, suggesting bersiporocin alone or in combination therapy were well-tolerated. The newly formulated bersiporocin 150 mg tablet showed a moderate accumulation index. There was no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic profiles after administration of bersiporocin alone or in combination therapy between CYP2D6 phenotypes. In conclusion, there are no significant DDI regarding the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of bersiporocin administration with pirfenidone or nintedanib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonsuk Shin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- CHA Global Clinical Trial Center, CHA Bundang Medical CenterSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Min Young Park
- Clinical Development Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jongwoo Kim
- Clinical Development Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Kim
- Clinical Development Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Nam
- Clinical Development Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jongwon Choi
- Clinical Development Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - A‐Young Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- CHA Global Clinical Trial Center, CHA Bundang Medical CenterSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyounggyoon Yoo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- CHA Global Clinical Trial Center, CHA Bundang Medical CenterSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Yil‐Seob Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- CHA Global Clinical Trial Center, CHA Bundang Medical CenterSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Anhye Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University School of MedicineSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- CHA Global Clinical Trial Center, CHA Bundang Medical CenterSeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
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Wu J, Hollinger J, Bonanno E, Jiang F, Yao P. Cardiomyocyte-Specific Loss of Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Leads to Disturbed Protein Homeostasis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2023; 13:35. [PMID: 38201239 PMCID: PMC10778562 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS1), an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) ligating glutamic acid and proline to their corresponding tRNAs, plays an essential role in decoding proline codons during translation elongation. The physiological function of EPRS1 in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and the potential effects of the CM-specific loss of Eprs1 remain unknown. Here, we found that heterozygous Eprs1 knockout in CMs does not cause any significant changes in CM hypertrophy induced by pressure overload, while homozygous knockout leads to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and lethality at around 1 month after Eprs1 deletion. The transcriptomic profiling of early-stage Eprs1 knockout hearts suggests a significantly decreased expression of multiple ion channel genes and an increased gene expression in proapoptotic pathways and integrated stress response. Proteomic analysis shows decreased protein expression in multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex components, fatty acids, and branched-chain amino acid metabolic enzymes, as well as a compensatory increase in cytosolic translation machine-related proteins. Immunoblot analysis indicates that multiple proline-rich proteins were reduced at the early stage, which might contribute to the cardiac dysfunction of Eprs1 knockout mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates the physiological and molecular outcomes of loss-of-function of Eprs1 in vivo and provides valuable insights into the potential side effects on CMs, resulting from the EPRS1-targeting therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Wu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Jared Hollinger
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Emily Bonanno
- Undergraduate Program in Biology and Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620, USA;
| | - Feng Jiang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.W.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.W.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- The Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Wu J, Hollinger J, Bonanno E, Jiang F, Yao P. Cardiomyocyte-specific Loss of Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Leads to Disturbed Protein Homeostasis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.19.558539. [PMID: 37790482 PMCID: PMC10542137 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.19.558539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS1), an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) ligating glutamic acid and proline to their corresponding tRNAs, plays an essential role in decoding proline codons during translation elongation. The physiological function of EPRS1 in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and the potential effects of CM-specific loss of EPRS1 remain unknown. Here, we found that heterozygous Eprs1 knockout in CMs does not cause any significant changes in CM hypertrophy induced by pressure overload, while homozygous knockout leads to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and lethality at around 1 month after Eprs1 deletion. Transcriptomic profiling of early-stage Eprs1 knockout hearts suggests a significantly decreased expression of multiple ion channel genes and an increased gene expression in proapoptotic pathways and integrated stress response. Proteomic analysis shows decreased protein expression of multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex components, fatty acid, and branched-chain amino acid metabolic enzymes, as well as a compensatory increase in cytosolic translation machine-related proteins. Immunoblot analysis indicated that multiple proline-rich proteins were reduced at the early stage, which might contribute to cardiac dysfunction of Eprs1 knockout mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates the physiological and molecular outcome of loss-of-function of EPRS1 in vivo and provides valuable insights into the potential side effects on CMs resulting from the EPRS1-targeting therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Wu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
| | - Jared Hollinger
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
| | - Emily Bonanno
- Undergraduate Program in Biology and Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620 USA
| | - Feng Jiang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
| | - Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
- The Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
- The Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642 USA
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7
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Park MY, Bae S, Heo JA, Park M, Kim Y, Han J, Jang I, Yu K, Oh J. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics of bersiporocin, a novel prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, in healthy subjects. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:1163-1176. [PMID: 37095713 PMCID: PMC10339703 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bersiporocin, a novel first-in-class prolyl-tRNA synthetase (PRS) inhibitor currently under clinical development, was shown to exert an antifibrotic effect through the downregulation of collagen synthesis in various pulmonary fibrosis models. The aim of this first-in-human, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single- and multiple-dose, dose-escalation study was to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of bersiporocin in healthy adults. A total of 40 and 32 subjects were included in a single- (SAD) and multiple-ascending dose (MAD) study, respectively. No severe or serious adverse events were observed after a single oral dose up to 600 mg and multiple oral doses up to 200 mg twice daily for 14 days. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were gastrointestinal adverse events. To improve the tolerability, initial bersiporocin solution was changed to the enteric-coated formulation. Afterward, the enteric-coated tablet was used in the last cohort of SAD and in the MAD study. Bersiporocin showed dose-proportional PK characteristics after a single dose up to 600 mg and multiple doses up to 200 mg. Upon reviewing the safety and PK data, the final SAD cohort (800 mg enteric-coated tablet) was canceled by the Safety Review Committee. The levels of pro-peptide of type 3 procollagen were lower after treatment with bersiporocin than after the placebo in the MAD study, whereas no significant change was observed in other idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) biomarkers. In conclusion, the safety, PK, and PD profile of bersiporocin supported its further investigation in patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sungyeun Bae
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and TherapeuticsSeoul National University College of Medicine and HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Jung A Heo
- Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., LtdSeoulKorea
| | - Mihee Park
- Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., LtdSeoulKorea
| | | | - Jumi Han
- Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., LtdSeoulKorea
| | - In‐Jin Jang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and TherapeuticsSeoul National University College of Medicine and HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Kyung‐Sang Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and TherapeuticsSeoul National University College of Medicine and HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Jaeseong Oh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and TherapeuticsSeoul National University College of Medicine and HospitalSeoulKorea
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8
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Sung Y, Yu YC, Han JM. Nutrient sensors and their crosstalk. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1076-1089. [PMID: 37258576 PMCID: PMC10318010 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The macronutrients glucose, lipids, and amino acids are the major components that maintain life. The ability of cells to sense and respond to fluctuations in these nutrients is a crucial feature for survival. Nutrient-sensing pathways are thus developed to govern cellular energy and metabolic homeostasis and regulate diverse biological processes. Accordingly, perturbations in these sensing pathways are associated with a wide variety of pathologies, especially metabolic diseases. Molecular sensors are the core within these sensing pathways and have a certain degree of specificity and affinity to sense the intracellular fluctuation of each nutrient either by directly binding to that nutrient or indirectly binding to its surrogate molecules. Once the changes in nutrient levels are detected, sensors trigger signaling cascades to fine-tune cellular processes for energy and metabolic homeostasis, for example, by controlling uptake, de novo synthesis or catabolism of that nutrient. In this review, we summarize the major discoveries on nutrient-sensing pathways and explain how those sensors associated with each pathway respond to intracellular nutrient availability and how these mechanisms control metabolic processes. Later, we further discuss the crosstalk between these sensing pathways for each nutrient, which are intertwined to regulate overall intracellular nutrient/metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulseung Sung
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Ya Chun Yu
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Han
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea.
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea.
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9
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Yoon I, Song JA, Suh JH, Kim S, Son J, Kim JH, Jang SY, Hwang KY, Kim MH, Kim S. EPRS1 Controls the TGF- β Signaling Pathway via Interaction with TβRI in Hepatic Stellate Cell. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:223-240. [PMID: 37154023 PMCID: PMC10184599 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2205344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (EPRS1) is known to associated with fibrosis through its catalytic activity to produce prolyl-tRNA. Although its catalytic inhibitor halofuginone (HF) has been known to inhibit the TGF-β pathway as well as to reduce prolyl-tRNA production for the control of fibrosis, the underlying mechanism how EPRS1 regulates the TGF-β pathway was not fully understood. Here, we show a noncatalytic function of EPRS1 in controlling the TGF-β pathway and hepatic stellate cell activation via its interaction with TGF-β receptor I (TβRI). Upon stimulation with TGF-β, EPRS1 is phosphorylated by TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), leading to its dissociation from the multi-tRNA synthetase complex and subsequent binding with TβRI. This interaction increases the association of TβRI with SMAD2/3 while decreases that of TβRI with SMAD7. Accordingly, EPRS1 stabilizes TβRI by preventing the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of TβRI. HF disrupts the interaction between EPRS1 and TβRI, and reduces TβRI protein levels, leading to inhibition of the TGF-β pathway. In conclusion, this work suggests the novel function of EPRS1 involved in the development of fibrosis by regulating the TGF-β pathway and the antifibrotic effects of HF by controlling both of EPRS1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Yoon
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ae Song
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Suh
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yee Jang
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea Research Republic of Korea
- Core Research Facility & Analysis Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea Research Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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10
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Kurata K, James-Bott A, Tye MA, Yamamoto L, Samur MK, Tai YT, Dunford J, Johansson C, Senbabaoglu F, Philpott M, Palmer C, Ramasamy K, Gooding S, Smilova M, Gaeta G, Guo M, Christianson JC, Payne NC, Singh K, Karagoz K, Stokes ME, Ortiz M, Hagner P, Thakurta A, Cribbs A, Mazitschek R, Hideshima T, Anderson KC, Oppermann U. Prolyl-tRNA synthetase as a novel therapeutic target in multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:12. [PMID: 36631435 PMCID: PMC9834298 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00787-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy characterised by aberrant production of immunoglobulins requiring survival mechanisms to adapt to proteotoxic stress. We here show that glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (GluProRS) inhibition constitutes a novel therapeutic target. Genomic data suggest that GluProRS promotes disease progression and is associated with poor prognosis, while downregulation in MM cells triggers apoptosis. We developed NCP26, a novel ATP-competitive ProRS inhibitor that demonstrates significant anti-tumour activity in multiple in vitro and in vivo systems and overcomes metabolic adaptation observed with other inhibitor chemotypes. We demonstrate a complex phenotypic response involving protein quality control mechanisms that centers around the ribosome as an integrating hub. Using systems approaches, we identified multiple downregulated proline-rich motif-containing proteins as downstream effectors. These include CD138, transcription factors such as MYC, and transcription factor 3 (TCF3), which we establish as a novel determinant in MM pathobiology through functional and genomic validation. Our preclinical data therefore provide evidence that blockade of prolyl-aminoacylation evokes a complex pro-apoptotic response beyond the canonical integrated stress response and establish a framework for its evaluation in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Kurata
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XJerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Anna James-Bott
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Mark A. Tye
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA ,Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Leona Yamamoto
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XJerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Mehmet K. Samur
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XJerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Yu-Tzu Tai
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XJerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - James Dunford
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Catrine Johansson
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Filiz Senbabaoglu
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Martin Philpott
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Charlotte Palmer
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Karthik Ramasamy
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Sarah Gooding
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK ,grid.421962.a0000 0004 0641 4431Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Mihaela Smilova
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Giorgia Gaeta
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Manman Guo
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - John C. Christianson
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - N. Connor Payne
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Kritika Singh
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA ,grid.261112.70000 0001 2173 3359Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Kubra Karagoz
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901 USA
| | - Matthew E. Stokes
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901 USA
| | - Maria Ortiz
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901 USA
| | - Patrick Hagner
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901 USA
| | - Anjan Thakurta
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK ,grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901 USA
| | - Adam Cribbs
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD UK
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Teru Hideshima
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Kenneth C. Anderson
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XJerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK. .,Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
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11
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Lee H, Yu DM, Bahn MS, Kwon YJ, Um MJ, Yoon SY, Kim KT, Lee MW, Jo SJ, Lee S, Koo SH, Jung KH, Lee JS, Ko YG. Hepatocyte-specific Prominin-1 protects against liver injury-induced fibrosis by stabilizing SMAD7. EXPERIMENTAL & MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 54:1277-1289. [PMID: 36038590 PMCID: PMC9440255 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00831-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Prominin-1 (PROM1), also known as CD133, is expressed in hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) and cholangiocytes of the fibrotic liver. In this study, we show that PROM1 is upregulated in the plasma membrane of fibrotic hepatocytes. Hepatocellular expression of PROM1 was also demonstrated in mice (Prom1CreER; R26TdTom) in which cells expressed TdTom under control of the Prom1 promoter. To understand the role of hepatocellular PROM1 in liver fibrosis, global and liver-specific Prom1-deficient mice were analyzed after bile duct ligation (BDL). BDL-induced liver fibrosis was aggravated with increased phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and decreased levels of SMAD7 by global or liver-specific Prom1 deficiency but not by cholangiocyte-specific Prom1 deficiency. Indeed, PROM1 prevented SMURF2-induced SMAD7 ubiquitination and degradation by interfering with the molecular association of SMAD7 with SMURF2. We also demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific overexpression of SMAD7 ameliorated BDL-induced liver fibrosis in liver-specific Prom1-deficient mice. Thus, we conclude that PROM1 is necessary for the negative regulation of TGFβ signaling during liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Dong-Min Yu
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Myeong-Suk Bahn
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Kwon
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Min Jee Um
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Yoon
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Myoung-Woo Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Sung-Je Jo
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Sungsoo Lee
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Ki Hoon Jung
- Department of Surgery, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38067, Korea
| | - Jae-Seon Lee
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- Tunneling Nanotube Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea. .,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
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12
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Wusiman W, Zhang Z, Ding Q, Liu M. The pathophyiological role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in digestive system diseases. Front Physiol 2022; 13:935576. [PMID: 36017335 PMCID: PMC9396140 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.935576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs and are indispensable enzymes for protein biosynthesis in all the cells. Previously, ARSs were considered simply as housekeeping enzymes, however, they are now known to be involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and immune response. In this review, we summarize the role of ARSs in the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, as well as the auxiliary organs such as the pancreas, liver, and the gallbladder. Furthermore, we specifically focus on the diagnostic and prognostic value of ARSs in cancers, aiming to provide new insights into the pathophysiological implications of ARSs in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wugelanmu Wusiman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zerui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Mei Liu,
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13
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Sun H, Kim E, Ryu J, Lee H, Shin EA, Lee M, Lee H, Lee JH, Yoon JH, Song DG, Kim S, Lee JW. TM4SF5-mediated liver malignancy involves NK cell exhaustion-like phenotypes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:49. [PMID: 34921636 PMCID: PMC8739317 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant extracellular matrix and immune cell alterations within the tumor microenvironment promote the pathological progression of liver carcinogenesis. Although transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) is involved in liver fibrosis and cancer, its mechanism avoiding immune surveillance during carcinogenesis remains unknown. We investigated how TM4SF5-mediated signaling caused immune evasion using in vitro primary cells and in vivo liver tissues from genetic or chemically induced mouse models. TM4SF5-transgenic and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cancer mouse models exhibited fibrotic and cancerous livers, respectively, with enhanced TM4SF5, pY705STAT3, collagen I, and laminin γ2 levels. These TM4SF5-mediated effects were abolished by TM4SF5 inhibitor, 4'-(p-toluenesulfonylamido)-4-hydroxychalcone (TSAHC). TM4SF5-dependent tumorigenesis involved natural killer (NK) cell exhaustion-like phenotypes including the reduction of NK cell number or function, which were blocked with TSAHC treatment. TM4SF5 expression in cancer cells downregulated stimulatory ligands and receptors for NK cell cytotoxicity, including SLAMF6, SLAMF7, MICA/B, and others. TM4SF5 suppression or inhibition reduced STAT3 signaling activity and recovered the receptor levels and NK cell surveillance, leading to reduced fibrotic and cancerous phenotypes, and longer survival. Altogether, these findings suggest that TM4SF5-mediated STAT3 activity for extracellular matrix modulation is involved in the progression of liver disease to HCC and that TM4SF5 appears to suppress NK cells during liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseung Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ae Shin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Geun Song
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Semi Kim
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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14
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TM4SF5-dependent crosstalk between hepatocytes and macrophages to reprogram the inflammatory environment. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110018. [PMID: 34788612 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic injury to hepatocytes results in inflammation, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The tetraspanin TM4SF5 is implicated in fibrosis and cancer. We investigate the role of TM4SF5 in communication between hepatocytes and macrophages (MΦs) and its possible influence on the inflammatory microenvironment that may lead to NAFLD. TM4SF5 induction in differentiated MΦs promotes glucose uptake, glycolysis, and glucose sensitivity, leading to M1-type MΦ activation. Activated M1-type MΦs secrete pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6), which induces the secretion of CCL20 and CXCL10 from TM4SF5-positive hepatocytes. Although TM4SF5-dependent secretion of these chemokines enhances glycolysis in M0 MΦs, further chronic exposure reprograms MΦs for an increase in the proportion of M2-type MΦs in the population, which may support diet- and chemical-induced NAFLD progression. We suggest that TM4SF5 expression in MΦs and hepatocytes is critically involved in modulating the inflammatory environment during NAFLD progression.
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15
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Zou Y, Yang Y, Fu X, He X, Liu M, Zong T, Li X, Htet Aung L, Wang Z, Yu T. The regulatory roles of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in cardiovascular disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 25:372-387. [PMID: 34484863 PMCID: PMC8399643 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are widely found in organisms, which can activate amino acids and make them bind to tRNA through ester bond to form the corresponding aminoyl-tRNA. The classic function of ARS is to provide raw materials for protein biosynthesis. Recently, emerging evidence demonstrates that ARSs play critical roles in controlling inflammation, immune responses, and tumorigenesis as well as other important physiological and pathological processes. With the recent development of genome and exon sequencing technology, as well as the discovery of new clinical cases, ARSs have been reported to be closely associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly angiogenesis and cardiomyopathy. Intriguingly, aminoacylation was newly identified and reported to modify substrate proteins, thereby regulating protein activity and functions. Sensing the availability of intracellular amino acids is closely related to the regulation of a variety of cell physiology. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the mechanism of CVDs caused by abnormal ARS function and introduce the clinical phenotypes and characteristics of CVDs related to ARS dysfunction. We also highlight the potential roles of aminoacylation in CVDs. Finally, we discuss some of the limitations and challenges of present research. The current findings suggest the significant roles of ARSs involved in the progress of CVDs, which present the potential clinical values as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets in CVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zou
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Fu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixin Liu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingyu Zong
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lynn Htet Aung
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Zhu G, Sun C, Wang J. Hepatoprotective effect and possible mechanism of phytoestrogen calycosin on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:189-204. [PMID: 32474674 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The study was to explore the hepatoprotective effect and possible mechanism of calycosin on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 in C57BL/6 male mice. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and hydroxyproline (Hyp) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by biochemical assays. Liver histopathology was assessed by H&E and Masson trichrome staining. The mRNA expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen-I (Col-I), Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were determined using qRT-PCR. The protein levels of α-SMA, Col-I, estrogen receptor α (ERα), estrogen receptor β (ERβ), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), JAK2, phospho-JAK2 (p-JAK2), STAT3, and phospho-STAT3 (p-STAT3) were detected by Western blotting. The levels of α-SMA and ERβ were measured by immunohistochemistry. Calycosin significantly reduced liver index, MDA level, and ALT and AST activity and increased SOD activity. The α-SMA, Col-I, and Hyp of the calycosin group were significantly lower than those of the model group. Calycosin increased MMP-1 and inhibited TIMP-1 expression resulting in the improvement of MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio. Importantly, calycosin improved ERβ protein expression, JAK2 and STAT3 mRNA expressions, p-JAK2/JAK2, and p-STAT3/STAT3 relative protein expressions. However, ERα, JAK2, and STAT3 protein expressions were relatively unchanged. Calycosin significantly inhibits liver fibrosis in mice, and its mechanism may involve the following: calycosin inhibits oxidative stress; calycosin inhibits collagen synthesis and balances MMP-1/TIMP-1 system; calycosin increases ERβ expression and activates JAK2-STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Guannan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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17
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Involvement of eIF2α in halofuginone-driven inhibition of TGF-β1-induced EMT. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Metastatic behavior analyses of tetraspanin TM4SF5-expressing spheres in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture environment. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:1162-1172. [PMID: 33222072 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis involves diverse cellular functions via bidirectional communications between intracellular and extracellular spaces. To achieve development of the anti-metastatic drugs, one needs to consider the efficacy and mode of action (MOA) of the drug candidates to block the metastatic potentials of cancerous cells. Rather than under two-dimensional environment, investigation of the metastatic potentials under three-dimensional environment would be much pharmaceutically beneficent, since it can mimic the in vivo tumor lesions in cancer patients, leading to allowance of drug candidates analyzed in the 3D culture systems to lower failure rates during the anti-metastatic drug development. Here we have reviewed on the analyses of metastatic potentials of certain cancer models in 3D culture systems surrounded with extracellular matrix proteins, which could be supported by TM4SF5- and/or EMT-mediated actions. We particularly focused the initial events of the cancer metastasis, such as invasive outgrowth and dissemination from the cancer cell masses, spheroids, embedded in the 3D gel culture systems. This review summarizes the significance of tetraspanin TM4SF5 and Snail1 that are related to EMT in the metastatic potentials explored in the 3D gel systems.
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Yu YC, Han JM, Kim S. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and amino acid signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118889. [PMID: 33091505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are a family of evolutionarily conserved housekeeping enzymes used for protein synthesis that have pivotal roles in the ligation of tRNA with their cognate amino acids. Recent advances in the structural and functional studies of ARSs have revealed many previously unknown biological functions beyond the classical catalytic roles. Sensing the sufficiency of intracellular nutrients such as amino acids, ATP, and fatty acids is a crucial aspect for every living organism, and it is closely connected to the regulation of diverse cellular physiologies. Notably, among ARSs, leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (LARS1) has been identified to perform specifically as a leucine sensor upstream of the amino acid-sensing pathway and thus participates in the coordinated control of protein synthesis and autophagy for cell growth. In addition to LARS1, other types of ARSs are also likely involved in the sensing and signaling of their cognate amino acids inside cells. Collectively, this review focuses on the mechanisms of ARSs interacting within amino acid signaling and proposes the possible role of ARSs as general intracellular amino acid sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Chun Yu
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Han
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, South Korea; Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, South Korea; Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy and College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, South Korea.
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20
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Wang J, Yang XL. Novel functions of cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases shaping the hallmarks of cancer. Enzymes 2020; 48:397-423. [PMID: 33837711 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
With the intense protein synthesis demands of cancer, the classical enzymatic role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) is required to sustain tumor growth. However, many if not all aaRSs also possess regulatory functions outside of the domain of catalytic tRNA aminoacylation, which can further contribute to or even antagonize cancers in non-translational ways. These regulatory functions of aaRS are likely to be manipulated in cancer to ensure uncontrolled growth and survival. This review will largely focus on the unique capacities of individual and sometimes collaborating synthetases to influence the hallmarks of cancer, which represent the principles and characteristics of tumorigenesis. An interesting feature of cytoplasmic aaRSs in higher eukaryotes is the formation of a large multi-synthetase complex (MSC) with nine aaRSs held together by three non-enzymatic scaffolding proteins (AIMPs). The MSC-associated aaRSs, when released from the complex in response to certain stimulations, often participate in pathways that promote tumorigenesis. In contrast, the freestanding aaRSs are associated with activities in both directions-some promoting while others inhibiting cancer. The AIMPs have emerged as potent tumor suppressors through their own distinct mechanisms. We propose that the tumor-suppressive roles of AIMPs may also be a consequence of keeping the cancer-promoting aaRSs within the MSC. The rich connections between cancer and the synthetases have inspired the development of innovative cancer treatments that target or take advantage of these novel functions of aaRSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States.
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21
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Wu J, Subbaiah KCV, Xie LH, Jiang F, Khor ES, Mickelsen D, Myers JR, Tang WHW, Yao P. Glutamyl-Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Regulates Proline-Rich Pro-Fibrotic Protein Synthesis During Cardiac Fibrosis. Circ Res 2020; 127:827-846. [PMID: 32611237 PMCID: PMC7484271 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Increased protein synthesis of profibrotic genes is a common feature in cardiac fibrosis and heart failure. Despite this observation, critical factors and molecular mechanisms for translational control of profibrotic genes during cardiac fibrosis remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of a bifunctional ARS (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase), EPRS (glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase) in translational control of cardiac fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Results from reanalyses of multiple publicly available data sets of human and mouse heart failure, demonstrated that EPRS acted as an integrated node among the ARSs in various cardiac pathogenic processes. We confirmed that EPRS was induced at mRNA and protein levels (≈1.5-2.5-fold increase) in failing hearts compared with nonfailing hearts using our cohort of human and mouse heart samples. Genetic knockout of one allele of Eprs globally (Eprs+/-) using CRISPR-Cas9 technology or in a Postn-Cre-dependent manner (Eprsflox/+; PostnMCM/+) strongly reduces cardiac fibrosis (≈50% reduction) in isoproterenol-, transverse aortic constriction-, and myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure mouse models. Inhibition of EPRS using a PRS (prolyl-tRNA synthetase)-specific inhibitor, halofuginone, significantly decreases translation efficiency (TE) of proline-rich collagens in cardiac fibroblasts as well as TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β)-activated myofibroblasts. Overexpression of EPRS increases collagen protein expression in primary cardiac fibroblasts under TGF-β stimulation. Using transcriptome-wide RNA-Seq and polysome profiling-Seq in halofuginone-treated fibroblasts, we identified multiple novel Pro-rich genes in addition to collagens, such as Ltbp2 (latent TGF-β-binding protein 2) and Sulf1 (sulfatase 1), which are translationally regulated by EPRS. SULF1 is highly enriched in human and mouse myofibroblasts. In the primary cardiac fibroblast culture system, siRNA-mediated knockdown of SULF1 attenuates cardiac myofibroblast activation and collagen deposition. Overexpression of SULF1 promotes TGF-β-induced myofibroblast activation and partially antagonizes anti-fibrotic effects of halofuginone treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that EPRS preferentially controls translational activation of proline codon rich profibrotic genes in cardiac fibroblasts and augments pathological cardiac remodeling. Graphical Abstract: A graphical abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Wu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
| | - Kadiam C Venkata Subbaiah
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
| | - Li Huitong Xie
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Development and Stem Cells, Department of Biomedical Genetics
| | - Feng Jiang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
| | - Eng-Soon Khor
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
| | - Deanne Mickelsen
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
| | - Jason R Myers
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
| | | | - Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
- The Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
- The Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry
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22
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Olivença DV, Voit EO, Pinto FR. ENaC regulation by phospholipids and DGK explained through mathematical modeling. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13952. [PMID: 32811866 PMCID: PMC7435262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70630-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a condition caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). It is also thought to increase the activity of epithelial sodium channels (ENaC). The altered function of these ion channels is one of the causes of the thick dehydrated mucus that characterizes the disease and is partially responsible for recurrent pulmonary infections and inflammation events that ultimately destroy the lungs of affected subjects. Phosphoinositides are signaling lipids that regulate numerous cellular processes and membrane proteins, including ENaC. Inhibition of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK), an enzyme of the phosphoinositide pathway, reduces ENaC function. We propose a computational analysis that is based on the combination of two existing mathematical models: one representing the dynamics of phosphoinositides and the other explaining how phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) influences ENaC activity and, consequently, airway surface liquid. This integrated model permits, for the first time, a detailed assessment of the intricate interactions between DGK and ENaC and is consistent with available literature data. In particular, the computational approach allows comparisons of two competing hypotheses regarding the regulation of ENaC. The results strongly suggest that the regulation of ENaC is primarily exerted through the control of PI(4,5)P2 production by type-I phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5KI), which in turn is controlled by phosphatidic acid (PA), the product of the DGK reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V. Olivença
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI – Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 950 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-2000 USA
| | - Eberhard O. Voit
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 950 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-2000 USA
| | - Francisco R. Pinto
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI – Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
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23
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Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are a family of essential "housekeeping" enzymes ubiquitous in the three major domains of life. ARSs uniquely connect the essential minimal units of both major oligomer classes-the 3-nucleotide codons of oligonucleotides and the amino acids of proteins. They catalyze the esterification of amino acids to the 3'-end of cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs) bearing the correct anticodon triplet to ensure accurate transfer of information from mRNA to protein according to the genetic code. As an essential translation factor responsible for the first biochemical reaction in protein biosynthesis, ARSs control protein production by catalyzing aminoacylation, and by editing of mischarged aminoacyl-tRNAs to maintain translational fidelity. In addition to their primary enzymatic activities, many ARSs have noncanonical functions unrelated to their catalytic activity in protein synthesis. Among the ARSs with "moonlighting" activities, several, including GluProRS (or EPRS), LeuRS, LysRS, SerRS, TyrRS, and TrpRS, exhibit cell signaling-related activities that sense environmental signals, regulate gene expression, and modulate cellular functions. ARS signaling functions generally depend on catalytically-inactive, appended domains not present in ancient enzyme forms, and are activated by stimulus-dependent post-translational modification. Activation often results in cellular re-localization and gain of new interacting partners. The newly formed ARS-bearing complexes conduct a host of signal transduction functions, including immune response, mTORC1 pathway signaling, and fibrogenic and angiogenic signaling, among others. Because noncanonical functions of ARSs in signal transduction are uncoupled from canonical aminoacylation functions, function-specific inhibitors can be developed, thus providing promising opportunities and therapeutic targets for treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yao
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, The Center for RNA Biology, The Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States.
| | - Paul L Fox
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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24
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Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase inhibition activates a pathway that branches from the canonical amino acid response in mammalian cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:8900-8911. [PMID: 32253314 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913788117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling pathways that sense amino acid abundance are integral to tissue homeostasis and cellular defense. Our laboratory has previously shown that halofuginone (HF) inhibits the prolyl-tRNA synthetase catalytic activity of glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS), thereby activating the amino acid response (AAR). We now show that HF treatment selectively inhibits inflammatory responses in diverse cell types and that these therapeutic benefits occur in cells that lack GCN2, the signature effector of the AAR. Depletion of arginine, histidine, or lysine from cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes recapitulates key aspects of HF treatment, without utilizing GCN2 or mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 pathway signaling. Like HF, the threonyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor borrelidin suppresses the induction of tissue remodeling and inflammatory mediators in cytokine-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes without GCN2, but both aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS) inhibitors are sensitive to the removal of GCN1. GCN1, an upstream component of the AAR pathway, binds to ribosomes and is required for GCN2 activation. These observations indicate that aaRS inhibitors, like HF, can modulate inflammatory response without the AAR/GCN2 signaling cassette, and that GCN1 has a role that is distinct from its activation of GCN2. We propose that GCN1 participates in a previously unrecognized amino acid sensor pathway that branches from the canonical AAR.
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25
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Wang C, Mao Z, Liu Y, Wang Q, Si C, Wei B, Lin G. Stereoselective Intermolecular [4+2] Process of
N
,O‐acetals with Terminal Alkynes for Construction of Functional
cis
‐Pyrido and Pyrrolo[1,2‐c][1,3]oxazin‐1‐ones. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- School of PharmacyFudan University 826 Zhangheng Road Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo‐Ya Mao
- School of PharmacyFudan University 826 Zhangheng Road Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Wen Liu
- School of PharmacyFudan University 826 Zhangheng Road Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao‐E Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and DevelopmentBeijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 People's Republic of China
| | - Chang‐Mei Si
- School of PharmacyFudan University 826 Zhangheng Road Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Bang‐Guo Wei
- School of PharmacyFudan University 826 Zhangheng Road Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo‐Qiang Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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