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Declercq J, Hammad H, Lambrecht BN, Smole U. Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins in asthma. Semin Immunol 2023; 67:101759. [PMID: 37031560 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the lack of endogenous chitin synthesis, mammalian genomes encode two enzymatically active true chitinases (chitotriosidase and acidic mammalian chitinase) and a variable number of chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) that have no enzyme activity but bind chitin. Chitinases and CLPs are prominent components of type-2 immune response-mediated respiratory diseases. However, despite extensive research into their role in allergic airway disease, there is still no agreement on whether they are mere biomarkers of disease or actual disease drivers. Functions ascribed to chitinases and CLPs include, but are not limited to host defense against chitin-containing pathogens, directly promoting inflammation, and modulating tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Here, we discuss in detail the chitin-dependent and -independent roles of chitinases and CLPs in the context of allergic airway disease, and recent advances and emerging concepts in the field that might identify opportunities for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozefien Declercq
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ursula Smole
- Immunoregulation Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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2
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Askri D, Straw EA, Arafah K, Voisin SN, Bocquet M, Brown MJF, Bulet P. Parasite and Pesticide Impacts on the Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Haemolymph Proteome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065384. [PMID: 36982462 PMCID: PMC10049270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides pose a potential threat to bee health, especially in combination with other stressors, such as parasites. However, pesticide risk assessment tests pesticides in isolation from other stresses, i.e., on otherwise healthy bees. Through molecular analysis, the specific impacts of a pesticide or its interaction with another stressor can be elucidated. Molecular mass profiling by MALDI BeeTyping® was used on bee haemolymph to explore the signature of pesticidal and parasitic stressor impacts. This approach was complemented by bottom-up proteomics to investigate the modulation of the haemoproteome. We tested acute oral doses of three pesticides—glyphosate, Amistar and sulfoxaflor—on the bumblebee Bombus terrestris, alongside the gut parasite Crithidia bombi. We found no impact of any pesticide on parasite intensity and no impact of sulfoxaflor or glyphosate on survival or weight change. Amistar caused weight loss and 19–41% mortality. Haemoproteome analysis showed various protein dysregulations. The major pathways dysregulated were those involved in insect defences and immune responses, with Amistar having the strongest impact on these dysregulated pathways. Our results show that even when no response can be seen at a whole organism level, MALDI BeeTyping® can detect effects. Mass spectrometry analysis of bee haemolymph provides a pertinent tool to evaluate stressor impacts on bee health, even at the level of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalel Askri
- Plateforme BioPark d’Archamps, 74160 Archamps, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Edward A. Straw
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution & Behaviour, Department of Biological Sciences, School for Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karim Arafah
- Plateforme BioPark d’Archamps, 74160 Archamps, France
| | - Sébastien N. Voisin
- Plateforme BioPark d’Archamps, 74160 Archamps, France
- Phylogene S.A. 62 RN113, 30620 Bernis, France
| | | | - Mark J. F. Brown
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution & Behaviour, Department of Biological Sciences, School for Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Philippe Bulet
- CR, University Grenoble Alpes, IAB Inserm 1209, CNRS UMR5309, 38000 Grenoble, France
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3
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Specjalski K, Romantowski J, Niedoszytko M. YKL-40 as a possible marker of neutrophilic asthma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1115938. [PMID: 36844232 PMCID: PMC9945318 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1115938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic disorder of the airways, with inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness as its major underlying phenomena. Asthmatics vary in terms of inflammation pattern, concomitant pathologies, and factors aggravating the course of the disease. As a result, there is a need for sensitive and specific biomarkers that could facilitate diagnosing asthma as well as phenotyping in everyday practice. Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) seem promising in this field. Chitinases are evolutionarily conserved hydrolases that degrade chitin. In contrast, CLPs bind chitin but do not have degrading activity. Mammalian chitinases and CLPs are produced by neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages in response to parasitic or fungal infections. Recently, several questions have been raised about their role in chronic airway inflammation. Several studies demonstrated that overexpression of CLP YKL-40 was associated with asthma. Moreover, it correlated with exacerbation rate, therapy resistance, poor control of symptoms, and, inversely, with FEV1. YKL-40 facilitated allergen sensitization and IgE production. Its concentration was elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after an allergen challenge. It was also found to promote the proliferation of bronchial smooth muscle cells and correlate with subepithelial membrane thickness. Thus, it may be involved in bronchial remodeling. Associations between YKL-40 and particular asthma phenotypes remain unclear. Some studies showed that YKL-40 correlates with blood eosinophilia and FeNO, suggesting a role in T2-high inflammation. Quite the opposite, cluster analyses revealed the highest upregulation in severe neutrophilic asthma and obesity-associated asthma. The main limitation in the practical application of YKL-40 as a biomarker is its low specificity. High serum levels of YKL-40 were also found in COPD and several malignancies, in addition to infectious and autoimmune diseases. To conclude, the level of YKL-40 correlates with asthma and some clinical features in the whole asthmatic population. The highest levels are found in neutrophilic and obesity-related phenotypes. However, due to its low specificity, the practical application of YKL-40 remains uncertain but could be useful in phenotyping, especially when combined with other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Romantowski
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marek Niedoszytko
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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4
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Aegerter H, Lambrecht BN. The Pathology of Asthma: What Is Obstructing Our View? ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 18:387-409. [PMID: 36270294 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042220-015902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advent of sophisticated and efficient new biologics to treat inflammation in asthma, the disease persists. Even following treatment, many patients still experience the well-known symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing. What are we missing? Here we examine the evidence that mucus plugs contribute to a substantial portion of disease, not only by physically obstructing the airways but also by perpetuating inflammation. In this way, mucus plugs may act as an immunogenic stimulus even in the absence of allergen or with the use of current therapeutics. The alterations of several parameters of mucus biology, driven by type 2 inflammation, result in sticky and tenacious sputum, which represents a potent threat, first due to the difficulties in expectoration and second by acting as a platform for viral, bacterial, or fungal colonization that allows exacerbations. Therefore, in this way, mucus plugs are an overlooked but critical feature of asthmatic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Aegerter
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; .,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; .,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Di Francesco AM, Verrecchia E, Manna S, Urbani A, Manna R. The chitinases as biomarkers in immune-mediate diseases. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022:cclm-2022-0767. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The role of chitinases has been focused as potential biomarkers in a wide number of inflammatory diseases, in monitoring active disease state, and predicting prognosis and response to therapies. The main chitinases, CHIT1 and YKL-40, are derived from 18 glycosyl hydrolases macrophage activation and play important roles in defense against chitin-containing pathogens and in food processing. Moreover, chitinases may have organ- as well as cell-specific effects in the context of infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders and able to induce tissue remodelling. The CHIT1 measurement is an easy, reproducible, reliable, and cost-effective affordable assay. The clinical use of CHIT1 for the screening of lysosomal storage disorders is quite practical, when proper cut-off values are determined for each laboratory. The potential of CHIT1 and chitinases has not been fully explored yet and future studies will produce many surprising discoveries in the immunology and allergology fields of research. However, since the presence of a null CHIT1 gene in a subpopulation would be responsible of false-negative values, the assay should be completed with the other markers such ACE and, if necessary, by genetic analysis when CHIT1 is unexpected low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Di Francesco
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Elena Verrecchia
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Stefano Manna
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
| | - Raffaele Manna
- Periodic Fever and Rare Diseases Research Centre, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Policlinico A. Gemelli Foundation IRCCS , Rome , Italy
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Ye T, Yang B, Wei P, Niu K, Li T, Wang D, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Shen C, Wang X, Jin X, Liu L. Cardiac Overexpression of Chil1 Improves Wound Healing to Prevent Cardiac Rupture After Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022:10.1007/s12265-022-10328-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Lee JW, Kim MN, Kim EG, Leem JS, Baek SM, Kim MJ, Kim KW, Sohn MH. Chitinase 3-like 1 is involved in the induction of IL-8 expression by double-stranded RNA in airway epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 592:106-112. [PMID: 35033868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Viral respiratory infection causes inflammatory lung disease. Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) contributes to airway inflammation, but its role in human airway epithelial cells following viral infection is unclear. Thus, we investigated whether CHI3L1 regulates inflammatory responses caused by viral infections in airway epithelial cells. Human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B, were stimulated with a synthetic analog of viral double-stranded RNA, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). To confirm the specific role of CHI3L1, CHI3L1 was knocked down in BEAS-2B cells using shRNA lentivirus. The expression of CHI3L1 and proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were analyzed. In addition to poly(I:C), BEAS-2B cells were infected with the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A2 strain, and CHI3L1 and IL-8 expression was analyzed. Stimulating the cells with poly(I:C) increased CHI3L1 and IL-8 expression, whereas IL-8 expression was abrogated in CHI3L1 knockdown BEAS-2B cells. Poly(I:C) stimulation of BEAS-2B cells resulted in phosphorylation of MAPK pathways, and inhibition of MAPK pathways significantly abolished IL-8 secretion. Phosphorylation of MAPK pathways was diminished in CHI3L1 knockdown BEAS-2B cells. Infection with RSV increased CHI3L1 and IL-8 expression. IL-8 expression induced by RSV infection was abrogated in CHI3L1 knockdown cells. In conclusion, CHI3L1 may be involved in IL-8 secretion by regulating MAPK pathways during respiratory viral infections in airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Mi Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Eun Gyul Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Ji Su Leem
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Seung Min Baek
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Yongin Severance Hospital, 363 Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Sinchon-Dong, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Wang D, Darling AM, McDonald CR, Perumal N, Liu E, Wang M, Aboud S, Urassa W, Conroy AL, Hayford KT, Liles WC, Kain KC, Fawzi WW. Plasma concentrations of leptin at mid-pregnancy are associated with gestational weight gain among pregnant women in Tanzania: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:675. [PMID: 34615489 PMCID: PMC8495974 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gestational weight gain (GWG) has critical implications for maternal and child health. Inflammation and angiogenesis are implicated in various aspects of maternal metabolism that may play a role in gestational weight gain. The associations of inflammatory, angiogenic, and metabolic pathways with GWG are yet to be elucidated. This study evaluated associations between a panel of inflammatory, angiogenic, and metabolic proteins measured in mid-pregnancy and gestational weight gain. Methods Pregnant women were enrolled from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, between 2001 and 2004. The participants were enrolled at mid-pregnancy (12 to 27 weeks of gestation) and followed up until delivery. This analysis focused on a cohort of 1002 women who were primigravid, had singleton live births, had longitudinal measures of gestational weight, and whose mid-pregnancy plasma samples underwent analysis for 18 proteins. Results Higher plasma concentrations of leptin (mean difference in GWG percent adequacy comparing highest with lowest quartiles: 10.24; 95% CI 3.31, 17.16; p-trend = 0.003) and chitinase-3-like protein-1 (CH3L1) (mean difference in GWG percent adequacy comparing highest with lowest quartiles: 7.02; 95% CI 0.31, 13.72; p-trend = 0.007) were associated with greater GWG in a dose-response pattern. Higher leptin concentrations were associated with a lower risk of inadequate GWG (risk ratio comparing highest with lowest quartiles: 0.77; 95% CI 0.65, 0.91; p-trend = 0.001) and a higher risk of excessive GWG (risk ratio comparing highest with lowest quartiles: 1.57; 95% CI 1.03, 2.39; p-trend = 0.03). Higher CH3L1 concentrations were associated with a higher risk of excessive GWG (p-trend = 0.007). The associations of leptin and CH3L1 with inadequate GWG were stronger during the second than the third trimester. The other 16 proteins examined were not significantly associated with GWG. Conclusions Mid-pregnancy plasma leptin concentrations may be associated with GWG and have clinical predictive utility in identifying women at a higher risk of inadequate or excessive gestational weight gain. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-021-04146-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Wang
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02120, USA.
| | - Anne Marie Darling
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02120, USA
| | - Chloe R McDonald
- Sandra Rotman Laboratories, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nandita Perumal
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02120, USA
| | - Enju Liu
- Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Said Aboud
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Willy Urassa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Andrea L Conroy
- Department of Pediatrics, Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kyla T Hayford
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W Conrad Liles
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kevin C Kain
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wafaie W Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02120, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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9
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Zdziechowska M, Gluba-Brzózka A, Franczyk B, Rysz J. Biochemical Markers in the Prediction of Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1234-1250. [PMID: 32357810 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200502015749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For many years clinicians have been searching for "kidney troponin"- a simple diagnostic tool to assess the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Recently, the rise in the variety of contrast-related procedures (contrast computed tomography (CT), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and angiography) has resulted in the increased number of contrast-induced acute kidney injuries (CI-AKI). CIAKI remains an important cause of overall mortality, prolonged hospitalisation and it increases the total costs of therapy. The consequences of kidney dysfunction affect the quality of life and they may lead to disability as well. Despite extensive worldwide research, there are no sensitive and reliable methods of CI-AKI prediction. Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) and Neutrophil Gelatinase Lipocalin (NGAL) have been considered as kidney-specific molecules. High concentrations of these substances before the implementation of contrast-related procedures have been suggested to enable the estimation of kidney vulnerability to CI-AKI and they seem to have the predictive potential for cardiovascular events and overall mortality. According to other authors, routine determination of known inflammation factors (e.g., CRP, WBC, and neutrophil count) may be helpful in the prediction of CIAKI. However, the results of clinical trials provide contrasting results. The pathomechanism of contrast- induced nephropathy remains unclear. Due to its prevalence, the evaluation of the risk of acute kidney injury remains a serious problem to be solved. This paper reviews pathophysiology and suggested optimal markers facilitating the prediction of contrast-induced acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zdziechowska
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Gluba-Brzózka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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10
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Liu M, Chen C, Wu QC, Chen JL, Dai LS, Hui Chu S, Liu QN. Chitinase involved in immune regulation by mediated the toll pathway of crustacea Procambarus clarkii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 110:67-74. [PMID: 33383178 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase can degrade chitin and play an essential role in animal immunity and plant defense. The immune functions of Chitinase in Procambarus clarkii (P. clarkii) remain to elucidate. Here, we identified PcChitinase 2 gene sequence from P. clarkii and studied its spatial and temporal expression profiles. The PcChitinase 2 transcribed unequally in different tissues; however, its expression was highest in those of stomach, gut, and hepatopancreas. The challenge with lipolysaccharide or peptidoglycan significantly up-regulated the expression of PcChitinase 2 in hepatopancreas. The knockdown of the PcChitinase 2 gene by double-stranded RNA suppressed most of the Toll-pathway-related immune genes (phospholipase, lectin, sptazle Cactus, serine proteikinase, anti-lipopolysaccharide factor, and Toll) production were significantly increased. Our results suggest PcChitinase 2 may be involved in the innate immune responses of P. clarkii by modulating the toll pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China; School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road 230036, PR China
| | - Qi-Cheng Wu
- School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, PR China
| | - Jia-Le Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
| | - Sheng Hui Chu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China; School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
| | - Qiu-Ning Liu
- School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement, Fishery Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
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11
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Madan K, Madan M, Sharma S, Paliwal S. Chitinases: Therapeutic Scaffolds for Allergy and Inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 14:46-57. [PMID: 31934842 PMCID: PMC7509760 DOI: 10.2174/1872213x14666200114184054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Chitinases are the evolutionary conserved glycosidic enzymes that are characterized by their ability to cleave the naturally abundant polysaccharide chitin. The potential role of chitinases has been identified in the manifestation of various allergies and inflammatory diseases. In recent years, chitinases inhibitors are emerging as an alluring area of interest for the researchers and scientists and there is a dire need for the development of potential and safe chitinase antagonists for the prophylaxis and treatment of several diseases. Objective: The present review expedites the role of chitinases and their inhibitors in inflammation and related disorders. Methods: At first, an exhaustive survey of literature and various patents available related to chitinases were carried out. Useful information on chitinases and their inhibitor was gathered from the authentic scientific databases namely SCOPUS, EMBASE, PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, WEB OF SCIENCE, etc. This information was further analyzed and compiled up to prepare the framework of the review article. The search strategy was conducted by using queries with key terms “ chitin”, “chitinase”, “chitotrisidase”, “acidic mammalian chitinase”, “chitinase inhibitors”, “asthma” and “chitinases associated inflammatory disorders”, etc. The patents were searched using the key terms “chitinases and uses thereof”, “chitinase inhibitors”, “chitin-chitinase associated pathological disorders” etc. from www.google.com/patents, www.freepatentsonline.com, and www.scopus.com. Results: The present review provides a vision for apprehending human chitinases and their participation in several diseases. The patents available also signify the extended role and effectiveness of chitinase inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of various diseases viz. asthma, acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, dental diseases, neurologic diseases, metabolic diseases, liver diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and cancer. In this regard, extensive pre-clinical and clinical investigations are required to develop some novel, potent and selective drug molecules for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, allergies and cancers in the foreseeable future. Conclusion: In conclusion, chitinases can be used as potential biomarkers in prognosis and diagnosis of several inflammatory diseases and allergies and the design of novel chitinase inhibitors may act as key and rational scaffolds in designing some novel therapeutic agents in the treatment of variety of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirtika Madan
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
| | - Mansi Madan
- Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical College and Hospital, Jalgaon- 425309, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
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12
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Utsunomiya A, Oyama N, Hasegawa M. Potential Biomarkers in Systemic Sclerosis: A Literature Review and Update. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3388. [PMID: 33105647 PMCID: PMC7690387 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by dysregulation of the immune system, vascular damage, and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Patients with SSc show a heterogeneous phenotype and a range of clinical courses. Therefore, biomarkers that are helpful for precise diagnosis, prediction of clinical course, and evaluation of the therapeutic responsiveness of disease are required in clinical practice. SSc-specific autoantibodies are currently used for diagnosis and prediction of clinical features, as other biomarkers have not yet been fully vetted. Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), surfactant protein-D (SP-D), and CCL18 have been considered as serum biomarkers of SSc-related interstitial lung disease. Moreover, levels of circulating brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) can provide diagnostic information and indicate the severity of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Assessment of several serum/plasma cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, adhesion molecules, and other molecules may also reflect the activity or progression of fibrosis and vascular involvement in affected organs. Recently, microRNAs have also been implicated as possible circulating indicators of SSc. In this review, we focus on several potential SSc biomarkers and discuss their clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Minoru Hasegawa
- Department of Dermatology, Divison of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3, Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan; (A.U.); (N.O.)
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13
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Detecting New Allies: Modifier Screen Identifies a Genetic Interaction Between Imaginal disc growth factor 3 and combover, a Rho-kinase Substrate, During Dorsal Appendage Tube Formation in Drosophila. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:3585-3599. [PMID: 32855169 PMCID: PMC7534437 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Biological tube formation underlies organ development and, when disrupted, can cause severe birth defects. To investigate the genetic basis of tubulogenesis, we study the formation of Drosophila melanogaster eggshell structures, called dorsal appendages, which are produced by epithelial tubes. Previously we found that precise levels of Drosophila Chitinase-Like Proteins (CLPs), encoded by the Imaginal disc growth factor (Idgf) gene family, are needed to regulate dorsal-appendage tube closure and tube migration. To identify factors that act in the Idgf pathway, we developed a genetic modifier screen based on the finding that overexpressing Idgf3 causes dorsal appendage defects with ∼50% frequency. Using a library of partially overlapping heterozygous deficiencies, we scanned chromosome 3L and found regions that enhanced or suppressed the Idgf3-overexpression phenotype. Using smaller deletions, RNAi, and mutant alleles, we further mapped five regions and refined the interactions to 58 candidate genes. Importantly, mutant alleles identified combover (cmb), a substrate of Rho-kinase (Rok) and a component of the Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) pathway, as an Idgf3-interacting gene: loss of function enhanced while gain of function suppressed the dorsal appendage defects. Since PCP drives cell intercalation in other systems, we asked if cmb/+ affected cell intercalation in our model, but we found no evidence of its involvement in this step. Instead, we found that loss of cmb dominantly enhanced tube defects associated with Idgf3 overexpression by expanding the apical area of dorsal appendage cells. Apical surface area determines tube volume and shape; in this way, Idgf3 and cmb regulate tube morphology.
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14
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Veerati PC, Mitchel JA, Reid AT, Knight DA, Bartlett NW, Park JA, Grainge CL. Airway mechanical compression: its role in asthma pathogenesis and progression. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:190123. [PMID: 32759373 PMCID: PMC8008491 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0123-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung is a mechanically active organ, but uncontrolled or excessive mechanical forces disrupt normal lung function and can contribute to the development of disease. In asthma, bronchoconstriction leads to airway narrowing and airway wall buckling. A growing body of evidence suggests that pathological mechanical forces induced by airway buckling alone can perpetuate disease processes in asthma. Here, we review the data obtained from a variety of experimental models, including in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo approaches, which have been used to study the impact of mechanical forces in asthma pathogenesis. We review the evidence showing that mechanical compression alters the biological and biophysical properties of the airway epithelium, including activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway, overproduction of asthma-associated mediators, goblet cell hyperplasia, and a phase transition of epithelium from a static jammed phase to a mobile unjammed phase. We also define questions regarding the impact of mechanical forces on the pathology of asthma, with a focus on known triggers of asthma exacerbations such as viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punnam Chander Veerati
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Mitchel
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Dept of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Reid
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Darryl A Knight
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Dept of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Research and Academic Affairs, Providence Health Care Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nathan W Bartlett
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Jin-Ah Park
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Dept of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chris L Grainge
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Australia
- Dept of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
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15
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Zhou Y, Yan Y, Yang D, Zheng G, Xie L, Zhang R. Cloning, characterization, and functional analysis of chitinase-like protein 1 in the shell of Pinctada fucata. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:954-966. [PMID: 32634202 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization, especially shell formation, is a sophisticated process regulated by various matrix proteins. Pinctada fucata chitinase-like protein 1 (Pf-Clp1), which belongs to the GH18 family, was discovered by our group using in-depth proteomic analysis. However, its function is still unclear. In this study, we first obtained the full-length cDNA sequence of Pf-Clp1 by RACE. Real-time polymerase chain reaction results revealed that Pf-Clp1 was highly expressed in the important biomineralization tissues, the mantle edge and the mantle pallial. We expressed and purified recombinant protein rPf-Clp1 in vitro to investigate the function of Pf-Clp1 on CaCO3 crystallization. Scanning electron microscopy imaging and Raman spectroscopy revealed that rPf-Clp1 was able to affect the morphologies of calcite crystal in vitro. Shell notching experiments suggested that Pf-Clp1 might function as a negative regulator during shell formation in vivo. Knockdown of Pf-Clp1 by RNAi led to the overgrowth of aragonite tablets, further confirming its potential negative regulation on biomineralization, especially in the nacreous layer. Our work revealed the potential function of molluscan Clp in shell biomineralization for the first time and unveiled some new understandings toward the molecular mechanism of shell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpin Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guilan Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
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16
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Yu T, Niu W, Niu H, Duan R, Dong F, Yang T. Chitinase 3-like 1 polymorphisms and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma in a Chinese population. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3208. [PMID: 32367614 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) plays an important role in airway inflammation and tissue remodeling; however, its pathogenic role in lung diseases remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether CHI3L1 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma in a Chinese population. METHODS We detected seven single nucleotide polymorphisms in CHI3L1 among 361 patients and 527 age- and sex-matched control subjects. We analysed genotype and allele distributions using Stata software (StataCorp,CollegeStation,TX,USA). We used haplotype disease analysis and haplotype phenotype analysis to assess the relationship between seven polymorphisms and the risk of COPD and asthma. RESULTS The results showed significant differences between controls and patients with COPD/asthma in the genotype distributions of the polymorphism rs4950928. Additionally, significant differences were observed in the genotype and allele distributions of rs10399805 and rs10399931 between COPD patients and controls. Moreover, the frequencies of haplotype G-G-T-G-T-C-G, G-G-T-G-T-C-C and G-A-T-G-T-C-G (alleles of rs12141494, rs7542294, rs880633, rs10399805, rs10399931, rs946261 and rs4950928, respectively) were significantly higher in patients with COPD. Consideration of the haplotypes of these seven single nucleotide polymorphisms in CHI3L1 in asthma patients revealed a significant association with homocysteine levels (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the CHI3L1 polymorphisms rs4950928, rs10399805 and rs10399931 can be used as genetic markers for predicting COPD and asthma risk in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtao Niu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ruirui Duan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.,Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
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17
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Chang D, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS. Chitotriosidase: a marker and modulator of lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/156/190143. [PMID: 32350087 PMCID: PMC9488994 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0143-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitotriosidase (CHIT1) is a highly conserved and regulated chitinase secreted by activated macrophages; it is a member of the 18-glycosylase family (GH18). CHIT1 is the most prominent chitinase in humans, can cleave chitin and participates in the body's immune response and is associated with inflammation, infection, tissue damage and remodelling processes. Recently, CHIT1 has been reported to be involved in the molecular pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial asthma, COPD and pulmonary infections, shedding new light on the role of these proteins in lung pathophysiology. The potential roles of CHIT1 in lung diseases are reviewed in this article. This is the first review of chitotriosidase in lung diseasehttp://bit.ly/2LpZUQI
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Affiliation(s)
- De Chang
- The 3rd Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Charles S Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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18
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Bonhomme O, André B, Gester F, de Seny D, Moermans C, Struman I, Louis R, Malaise M, Guiot J. Biomarkers in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: review of the literature. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:1534-1546. [PMID: 31292645 PMCID: PMC6736409 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SSc is a rare disease of unknown origin associated with multiple organ involvement. One of the major complications that drives the mortality of SSc patients is interstitial lung disease. The course of SSc-interstitial lung disease progression has a wide spectrum. Since the treatment is based on aggressive immunosuppression it should not be given to stable or non-progressing disease. The correct identification of disease with high risk of progression remains a challenge for early therapeutic intervention, and biomarkers remain urgently needed. In fact, eight categories of biomarkers have been identified and classified according to the different biological pathways involved. The purpose of this article is to describe the main biomarkers thought to be of interest with clinical value in the diagnosis and prognosis of SSc-interstitial lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ingrid Struman
- Molecular Angiogenesis Laboratory, GIGA R, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
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19
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Parisi GF, Papale M, Tardino L, Nenna R, Midulla F, Leonardi S. Biomarkers in Pediatric Lung Diseases Including Cystic Fibrosis. CURRENT RESPIRATORY MEDICINE REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573398x15666190521112824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, scientific studies of chemical processes involving metabolites have been
steadily increasing, indicating that we are well into the metabolomics era. This has resulted in
numerous studies that explore the field of biomarkers. One of the medical areas most concerned with
these innovations is certainly that of childhood respiratory disorders, including asthma and cystic
fibrosis. This current study is a review of the literature about biomarkers used or studied in the field
of pediatric pulmonology, including asthma and cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Fabio Parisi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Papale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Tardino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Raffaella Nenna
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Midulla
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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20
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Kanazawa J, Kitazawa H, Masuko H, Yatagai Y, Sakamoto T, Kaneko Y, Iijima H, Naito T, Saito T, Noguchi E, Konno S, Nishimura M, Hirota T, Tamari M, Hizawa N. A cis-eQTL allele regulating reduced expression of CHI3L1 is associated with late-onset adult asthma in Japanese cohorts. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:58. [PMID: 30940096 PMCID: PMC6444873 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The chitinase-like protein YKL-40 plays a major role in inhibiting the inflammasome. Deregulation of inflammasome activation is emerging as a key modulator of pathologic airway inflammation in patients with asthma. We determined whether cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) of the gene that encodes YKL-40, chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1), are involved in the onset of asthma or in specific asthma phenotypes. Methods This case-control study, which was conducted at the University of Tsukuba, Japan, included a total of 2709 adults from the Tsukuba genome-wide association study (GWAS) cohort (734 healthy volunteers and 237 asthma patients), the Tsukuba replication cohort (375 healthy adult volunteers and 381 adult asthma patients), and the Hokkaido replication cohort (554 healthy adult volunteers and 428 adult asthma patients). Among 34 cis-eQTLs in CHI3L1 in the lung, rs946261 was associated with adult asthma in these Japanese cohorts. The genetic impact of rs946261 on asthma was also examined according to the age at onset and adult asthma clusters. Results In the Tsukuba GWAS cohort, the C allele at rs946261 was significantly associated with reduced expression of CHI3L1 mRNA in the lung and with development of asthma (odds ratio (OR) 1.27; P = 0.036). The association was also observed following analysis of the three Japanese cohorts (OR 1.16; P = 0.013). A stronger association was found with late-onset asthma that developed at 41 years of age or later (OR 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.45; P = 0.0058) and with a specific asthma phenotype characterized by late onset, less atopy, and mild airflow obstruction (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.03–1.61; P = 0.027). Conclusions The genotype consisting of the cis-eQTL allele that reduces expression of CHI3L1 was specifically associated with late-onset adult asthma. Given the important role of YKL-40 in many pathophysiological processes, including cell growth, migration, chemotaxis, reorganization, and tissue remodeling, it may be involved in an important pathogenic role in the establishment of inflammation and remodeling in asthmatic airways. Our findings may indicate the presence of a specific endotype related to exaggerated activation of YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of late-onset adult asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kanazawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Haruna Kitazawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hironori Masuko
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Yohei Yatagai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tohru Sakamoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kaneko
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iijima
- Tsukuba Medical Center, Amakubo 1-3-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8558, Japan
| | - Takashi Naito
- Tsukuba Medical Center, Amakubo 1-3-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8558, Japan
| | - Takefumi Saito
- National Hospital Organization Ibaraki Higashi National Hospital, Terunuma 825, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1113, Japan
| | - Emiko Noguchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoshi Konno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita15, Nishi7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masaharu Nishimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita15, Nishi7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Hirota
- Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tamari
- Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hizawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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21
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Sakornsakolpat P, Prokopenko D, Lamontagne M, Reeve NF, Guyatt AL, Jackson VE, Shrine N, Qiao D, Bartz TM, Kim DK, Lee MK, Latourelle JC, Li X, Morrow JD, Obeidat M, Wyss AB, Bakke P, Barr RG, Beaty TH, Belinsky SA, Brusselle GG, Crapo JD, de Jong K, DeMeo DL, Fingerlin TE, Gharib SA, Gulsvik A, Hall IP, Hokanson JE, Kim WJ, Lomas DA, London SJ, Meyers DA, O'Connor GT, Rennard SI, Schwartz DA, Sliwinski P, Sparrow D, Strachan DP, Tal-Singer R, Tesfaigzi Y, Vestbo J, Vonk JM, Yim JJ, Zhou X, Bossé Y, Manichaikul A, Lahousse L, Silverman EK, Boezen HM, Wain LV, Tobin MD, Hobbs BD, Cho MH. Genetic landscape of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease identifies heterogeneous cell-type and phenotype associations. Nat Genet 2019; 51:494-505. [PMID: 30804561 PMCID: PMC6546635 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of respiratory mortality worldwide. Genetic risk loci provide new insights into disease pathogenesis. We performed a genome-wide association study in 35,735 cases and 222,076 controls from the UK Biobank and additional studies from the International COPD Genetics Consortium. We identified 82 loci associated with P < 5 × 10-8; 47 of these were previously described in association with either COPD or population-based measures of lung function. Of the remaining 35 new loci, 13 were associated with lung function in 79,055 individuals from the SpiroMeta consortium. Using gene expression and regulation data, we identified functional enrichment of COPD risk loci in lung tissue, smooth muscle, and several lung cell types. We found 14 COPD loci shared with either asthma or pulmonary fibrosis. COPD genetic risk loci clustered into groups based on associations with quantitative imaging features and comorbidities. Our analyses provide further support for the genetic susceptibility and heterogeneity of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuwanat Sakornsakolpat
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dmitry Prokopenko
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maxime Lamontagne
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicola F Reeve
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna L Guyatt
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Victoria E Jackson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Nick Shrine
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Dandi Qiao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deog Kyeom Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jeanne C Latourelle
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xingnan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jarrett D Morrow
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Annah B Wyss
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Terri H Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Guy G Brusselle
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - James D Crapo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Kim de Jong
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tasha E Fingerlin
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, UW Medicine Sleep Center, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ian P Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - David A Lomas
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephanie J London
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - George T O'Connor
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen I Rennard
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Clinical Discovery Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - David A Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Pawel Sliwinski
- 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David Sparrow
- VA Boston Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Jørgen Vestbo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Judith M Vonk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jae-Joon Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Bioanalysis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Marike Boezen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Louise V Wain
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Brian D Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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22
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Weigt SS, Wang X, Palchevskiy V, Patel N, Derhovanessian A, Shino MY, Sayah DM, Lynch JP, Saggar R, Ross DJ, Kubak BM, Ardehali A, Palmer S, Husain S, Belperio JA. Gene Expression Profiling of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells During Aspergillus Colonization of the Lung Allograft. Transplantation 2019; 102:986-993. [PMID: 29256975 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspergillus colonization after lung transplant is associated with an increased risk of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). We hypothesized that gene expression during Aspergillus colonization could provide clues to CLAD pathogenesis. METHODS We examined transcriptional profiles in 3- or 6-month surveillance bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell pellets from recipients with Aspergillus fumigatus colonization (n = 12) and without colonization (n = 10). Among the Aspergillus colonized, we also explored profiles in those who developed CLAD (n = 6) or remained CLAD-free (n = 6). Transcription profiles were assayed with the HG-U133 Plus 2.0 microarray (Affymetrix). Differential gene expression was based on an absolute fold difference of 2.0 or greater and unadjusted P value less than 0.05. We used NIH Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery for functional analyses, with false discovery rates less than 5% considered significant. RESULTS Aspergillus colonization was associated with differential expression of 489 probe sets, representing 404 unique genes. "Defense response" genes and genes in the "cytokine-cytokine receptor" Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway were notably enriched in this list. Among Aspergillus colonized patients, CLAD development was associated with differential expression of 69 probe sets, representing 64 unique genes. This list was enriched for genes involved in "immune response" and "response to wounding", among others. Notably, both chitinase 3-like-1 and chitotriosidase were associated with progression to CLAD. CONCLUSIONS Aspergillus colonization is associated with gene expression profiles related to defense responses including cytokine signaling. Epithelial wounding, as well as the innate immune response to chitin that is present in the fungal cell wall, may be key in the link between Aspergillus colonization and CLAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Samuel Weigt
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Vyacheslav Palchevskiy
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Naman Patel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ariss Derhovanessian
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael Y Shino
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David M Sayah
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Joseph P Lynch
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rajan Saggar
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David J Ross
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Bernie M Kubak
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Abbas Ardehali
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Scott Palmer
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Shahid Husain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John A Belperio
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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23
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Hur GY, Broide DH. Genes and Pathways Regulating Decline in Lung Function and Airway Remodeling in Asthma. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 11:604-621. [PMID: 31332973 PMCID: PMC6658410 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2019.11.5.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common disorder of the airways characterized by airway inflammation and by decline in lung function and airway remodeling in a subset of asthmatics. Airway remodeling is characterized by structural changes which include airway smooth muscle hypertrophy/hyperplasia, subepithelial fibrosis due to thickening of the reticular basement membrane, mucus metaplasia of the epithelium, and angiogenesis. Epidemiologic studies suggest that both genetic and environmental factors may contribute to decline in lung function and airway remodeling in a subset of asthmatics. Environmental factors include respiratory viral infection-triggered asthma exacerbations, and tobacco smoke. There is also evidence that several asthma candidate genes may contribute to decline in lung function, including ADAM33, PLAUR, VEGF, IL13, CHI3L1, TSLP, GSDMB, TGFB1, POSTN, ESR1 and ARG2. In addition, mediators or cytokines, including cysteinyl leukotrienes, matrix metallopeptidase-9, interleukin-33 and eosinophil expression of transforming growth factor-β, may contribute to airway remodeling in asthma. Although increased airway smooth muscle is associated with reduced lung function (i.e. forced expiratory volume in 1 second) in asthma, there have been few long-term studies to determine how individual pathologic features of airway remodeling contribute to decline in lung function in asthma. Clinical studies with inhibitors of individual gene products, cytokines or mediators are needed in asthmatic patients to identify their individual role in decline in lung function and/or airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Young Hur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David H Broide
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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24
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Tromp J, Ouwerkerk W, Demissei BG, Anker SD, Cleland JG, Dickstein K, Filippatos G, van der Harst P, Hillege HL, Lang CC, Metra M, Ng LL, Ponikowski P, Samani NJ, van Veldhuisen DJ, Zannad F, Zwinderman AH, Voors AA, van der Meer P. Novel endotypes in heart failure: effects on guideline-directed medical therapy. Eur Heart J 2018; 39:4269-4276. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Tromp
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore
| | - W Ouwerkerk
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - B G Demissei
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - S D Anker
- Division of Cardiology and Metabolism—Heart Failure, Cachexia & Sarcopenia, Department of Cardiology (CVK); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), at Charité University Medicine, Charitépl. 1 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medicine Göttingen (UMG), DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Robert-Koch-Straße 40, Göttingen, Germany
| | - J G Cleland
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, Sydney St, Chelsea, London, UK
- Robertson Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials Unit, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Dickstein
- University of Bergen, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens gate 8, Stavanger, Norway
| | - G Filippatos
- School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Athens University Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1, Rimini Str, Haidari, Athens Greece
| | - P van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - H L Hillege
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - C C Lang
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - M Metra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Institute of Cardiology, University of Brescia, Piazza del Mercato, 15, Brescia, Italy
| | - L L Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
| | - P Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Rudolfa Weigla 5, Wroclaw, Poland
- Cardiology Department, Military Hospital, Rudolfa Weigla, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - N J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
| | - D J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - F Zannad
- CHU de Nancy, Inserm CIC 1433, Université de Lorrain, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT Nancy, France
| | - A H Zwinderman
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - A A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
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25
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van der Fels-Klerx HJ, Camenzuli L, Belluco S, Meijer N, Ricci A. Food Safety Issues Related to Uses of Insects for Feeds and Foods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1172-1183. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. J. van der Fels-Klerx
- Dept. of Toxicology and Novel Foods; RIKILT Wageningen Research; Akkermaalsbos 2 NL-6708 WB Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - L. Camenzuli
- Dept. of Toxicology and Novel Foods; RIKILT Wageningen Research; Akkermaalsbos 2 NL-6708 WB Wageningen The Netherlands
- ExxonMobile Petroleum & Chemical; Hermeslaan 2 1831 Machelen Belgium
| | - S. Belluco
- Food Safety Dept., Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie; Via dell'Università; 10 35020 Legnaro (PD) Italy
| | - N. Meijer
- Dept. of Toxicology and Novel Foods; RIKILT Wageningen Research; Akkermaalsbos 2 NL-6708 WB Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - A. Ricci
- Food Safety Dept., Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie; Via dell'Università; 10 35020 Legnaro (PD) Italy
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26
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Acidic Mammalian Chitinase Negatively Affects Immune Responses during Acute and Chronic Aspergillus fumigatus Exposure. Infect Immun 2018; 86:IAI.00944-17. [PMID: 29712728 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00944-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin is a polysaccharide that provides structure and rigidity to the cell walls of fungi and insects. Mammals possess multiple chitinases, which function to degrade chitin, thereby supporting a role for chitinases in immune defense. However, chitin degradation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. Here, we determined the impact of acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) (Chia) deficiency on host defense during acute exposure to the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus as well as its contribution to A. fumigatus-associated allergic asthma. We demonstrate that chitin in the fungal cell wall was detected at low levels in A. fumigatus conidia, which emerged at the highest level during hyphal transition. In response to acute A. fumigatus challenge, Chia-/- mice unexpectedly demonstrated lower A. fumigatus lung burdens at 2 days postchallenge. The lower fungal burden correlated with decreased lung interleukin-33 (IL-33) levels yet increased IL-1β and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, a phenotype that we reported previously to promote the induction of IL-17A and IL-22. During chronic A. fumigatus exposure, AMCase deficiency resulted in lower dynamic and airway lung resistance than in wild-type mice. Improved lung physiology correlated with attenuated levels of the proallergic chemokines CCL17 and CCL22. Surprisingly, examination of inflammatory responses during chronic exposure revealed attenuated IL-17A and IL-22 responses, but not type 2 responses, in the absence of AMCase. Collectively, these data suggest that AMCase functions as a negative regulator of immune responses during acute fungal exposure and is a contributor to fungal asthma severity, putatively via the induction of proinflammatory responses.
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27
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Breyne K, Steenbrugge J, Demeyere K, Lee CG, Elias JA, Petzl W, Smith DGE, Germon P, Meyer E. Immunomodulation of Host Chitinase 3-Like 1 During a Mammary Pathogenic Escherichia coli Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1143. [PMID: 29892291 PMCID: PMC5985307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin is a N-acetyl-d-glucosamine biopolymer that can be recognized by chitin-binding proteins. Although mammals lack chitin synthase, they induce proteins responsible for detecting chitin in response to bacterial infections. Our aim was to investigate whether chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) has a potential role in the innate immunity of the Escherichia coli (E. coli) infected mammary gland. CHI3L1 protein was found to be secreted in whey of naturally coliform-affected quarters compared to whey samples isolated from healthy udders. In addition, gene expression of CHI3L1 was confirmed in udder tissue of cows experimentally infected with a mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) strain. Despite the known anatomical differences, the bovine udders’ innate immune response was mimicked by applying an experimental mouse model using MPEC or non-MPEC isolates. The effect of CHI3L1 expression in the murine mammary gland in response to coliform bacteria was investigated through the use of CHI3L1−/− mice as well as through treatment with either a pan-caspase inhibitor or chitin particles in wild-type mice. The local induction of CHI3L1 postinfection with different E. coli strains was demonstrated to be independent of both bacterial growth and mammary interleukin (IL)-8 levels. Indeed, CHI3L1 emerged as a regulator impacting on the transcytosis of Ly6G-positive cells from the interstitial space into the alveolar lumen of the mammary tissue. Furthermore, CHI3L1 was found to be upstream regulated by caspase activity and had a major downstream effect on the local pro-inflammatory cytokine profile, including IL-1beta, IL-6, and RANTES/CCL5. In conclusion, CHI3L1 was demonstrated to play a key role in the cytokine and caspase signaling during E. coli triggered inflammation of the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Breyne
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jonas Steenbrugge
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Kristel Demeyere
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jack A Elias
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Wolfram Petzl
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulance and Herd Health Services, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David G E Smith
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Germon
- INRA UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique (ISP), Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Evelyne Meyer
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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28
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Chitinase-like proteins as regulators of innate immunity and tissue repair: helpful lessons for asthma? Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:141-151. [PMID: 29351964 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) belong to the glycoside hydrolase family 18 of proteins. Chitinases are expressed in mammals and lower organisms, facilitate chitin degradation, and hence act as host-defence enzymes. Gene duplication and loss-of-function mutations of enzymatically active chitinases have resulted in the expression of a diverse range of CLPs across different species. CLPs are genes that are increasingly associated with inflammation and tissue remodelling not only in mammals but also across distant species. While the focus has remained on understanding the functions and expression patterns of CLPs during disease in humans, studies in mouse and lower organisms have revealed important and overlapping roles of the CLP family during physiology, host defence and pathology. This review will summarise recent insights into the regulatory functions of CLPs on innate immune pathways and discuss how these effects are not only important for host defence and tissue injury/repair after pathogen invasion, but also how they have extensive implications for pathological processes involved in diseases such as asthma.
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29
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Zhu Y, Yan X, Zhai C, Yang L, Li M. Association between risk of asthma and gene polymorphisms in CHI3L1 and CHIA: a systematic meta-analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2017; 17:193. [PMID: 29233108 PMCID: PMC5726029 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-017-0515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have indicated that chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) gene rs4950928 polymorphism and acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase or CHIA) gene rs10494132 polymorphism are associated with the risk of asthma. However, the results are inconsistent because of small sample size and varied ethnicity and age in studies. Therefore, a systematic meta-analysis was important to clarify the effect of CHI3L1 rs4950928 polymorphism and CHIA rs10494132 variant on asthma risk. Methods An electronic literature search was conducted to identify all the eligible studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and sensitivity analysis as well as publication bias were assessed to investigate the associations. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA 12.0. Results Eight published articles with 10 case-control studies were included, 5 studies were of CHI3L1 rs4950928 polymorphism and another 5 studies involved CHIA rs10494132 polymorphism. Overall, no significant association was found between CHI3L1 polymorphism and asthma susceptibility. After stratified according to ethnicity, CHI3L1 rs4950928 variant was associated with decreased asthma risk in Caucasians (GG + GC vs. CC: OR = 0.621, 95% CI = 0.484–0.797, P = 0.000; GC vs. CC: OR = 0.612, 95% CI = 0.470–0.796, P = 0.000; G vs. C: OR = 0.696, 95% CI = 0.567–0.856, P = 0.001). When stratified population by age, there was no association in children under all genetic models. As for CHIA rs10494132 polymorphism, no evidence of association between CHIA rs10494132 polymorphism and asthma risk was identified. Furthermore, subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed a positive correlation between CHIA rs10494132 polymorphism and asthma risk among Asians (TT vs. TC + CC: OR = 1.476, 95% CI = 1.071–2.032, P = 0.017; T vs. C: OR = 1.326, 95% CI = 1.024–1.717, P = 0.032). Additionally, in the subgroup analysis conducted according to age, CHIA rs10494132 variant was also found to be associated with the increased risk of asthma in children (TT vs. TC + CC: OR = 1.472, 95% CI = 1.067–2.030, P = 0.019; T vs. C: OR = 1.320, 95% CI = 1.016–1.713, P = 0.037). Conclusions The G allele of CHI3L1 rs4950928 might be a protective factor against the development of asthma. However, the rs10494132 polymorphism of CHIA might be a risk factor for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Zhai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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30
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He R, Shen N, Zhang H, Ren Y, He M, Xu J, Guo C, Xie Y, Gu X, Lai W, Peng X, Yang G. Molecular characteristics and serodiagnostic potential of chitinase-like protein from Sarcoptes scabiei. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83995-84005. [PMID: 29137399 PMCID: PMC5663571 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Scabies, caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, is an allergic skin disease that affects millions of people and other mammals worldwide. This highly contagious parasitic disease is among the top 50 epidemic disease and is regarded as a neglected tropical disease. Diagnosis of scabies is difficult in the early stage, and the pathogenesis of scabies is not currently clear. Here, we expressed, identified and located the chitinase-like protein of S. scabiei (SsCLP), and evaluated its potential as an early-stage diagnostic antigen for rabbit scabies. Indirect ELISA using recombinant SsCLP (rSsCLP) exhibited diagnostic sensitivity of 94.4% (17/18) and specificity of 86.7% (26/30). Early diagnostic test after artificial infection of rabbits with S. scabiei for 1 week showed a positive detection rate of 96.7% (29/30). Immunolocalization assays showed that fluorescence signals were localized on the surface of mites and, in infected rabbits, were observed in keratinized skin and embedded mites. Intradermal skin tests of rabbits by injecting rSsCLP showed a wheal, flare and erythema reaction. These results suggest that S. scabiei chitinase-like protein is conducive to host invasion, participates in inducing the allergic response of the host, and is an effective antigen for the diagnosis of S. scabiei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran He
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Nengxing Shen
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Yongjun Ren
- Sichuan Animal Sciences Academy, Sichuan Chengdu, China
| | - Manli He
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Weimin Lai
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Xuerong Peng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Basic Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Guangyou Yang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
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31
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Komi DEA, Kazemi T, Bussink AP. New Insights Into the Relationship Between Chitinase-3-Like-1 and Asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017; 16:57. [PMID: 27438466 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-016-0637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW CHI3L1 (also known as YKL-40), a member of "mammalian chitinase-like proteins," is a serum protein lacking enzymatic activity. Although the protein is highly conserved in mammals, a consensus regarding its role in human pathologies is currently lacking. In an attempt to shed light on the many physiological functions of the protein, specifically with regard to asthma, a comprehensive overview of recent studies is provided. RECENT FINDINGS In asthma, CHI3L1 is secreted from macrophages and airway epithelial cells through an IL-13 related mechanism. Th2-associated inflammatory responses due to allergen exposure, resulting in airway hyper-responsiveness and smooth muscle contraction, play a role in tissue remodeling. The importance of CHI3L1 in initiation and development of asthma is not limited to its involvement in highly orchestrated events of inflammatory cytokines but further research is needed for further elucidation. Levels of the protein are associated with severity for numerous pathologies, including asthma, suggesting limited specificity as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Elieh Ali Komi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, International Branch of Aras, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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32
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Guiot J, Moermans C, Henket M, Corhay JL, Louis R. Blood Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Lung 2017; 195:273-280. [PMID: 28353114 PMCID: PMC5437192 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-017-9993-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal lung disease of unknown origin whose incidence has been increasing over the latest decade partly as a consequence of population ageing. New anti-fibrotic therapy including pirfenidone and nintedanib have now proven efficacy in slowing down the disease. Nevertheless, diagnosis and follow-up of IPF remain challenging. METHODS This review examines the recent literature on potentially useful blood molecular and cellular biomarkers in IPF. Most of the proposed biomarkers belong to chemokines (IL-8, CCL18), proteases (MMP-1 and MMP-7), and growth factors (IGBPs) families. Circulating T cells and fibrocytes have also gained recent interest in that respect. Up to now, though several interesting candidates are profiling there has not been a single biomarker, which proved to be specific of the disease and predictive of the evolution (decline of pulmonary function test values, risk of acute exacerbation or mortality). CONCLUSION Large scale multicentric studies are eagerly needed to confirm the utility of these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guiot
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Catherine Moermans
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Monique Henket
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Corhay
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Renaud Louis
- Pneumology Department, CHU Liège, Domaine universitaire du Sart-Tilman, B35, B4000, Liège, Belgium
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33
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Alimohammadi M, Yeganeh F, Haji Molla Hoseini M. Preliminary Study on Gene Expression of Chitinase-Like Cytokines in Human Airway Epithelial Cell Under Chitin and Chitosan Microparticles Treatment. Inflammation 2017; 39:1108-15. [PMID: 27075589 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small-sized chitin and chitosan microparticles (MPs) reduce allergic inflammation. We examined the capacity of these glycans to stimulate A549 human airway epithelial cells to determine the feasibility of using of these glycans as allergic therapeutic modality. A549 cells were treated with MPs and then expressions levels of chitinase domain-containing 1 (CHID1) and chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) genes were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. IL-6 production was measured by ELISA. Chitin MPs resulted in upregulation of CHI3L1 expression by 35.7-fold while mRNA expression did not change with chitosan MPs. Compared to the untreated group, production of IL-6 was significantly decreased in the chitosan MPs-treated group, but chitin MPs treatment cause elevation of IL-6 level. This study demonstrates that chitin potently induces CHI3L1 expression, but chitosan is relatively inert. This effect and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) suggest that chitosan MPs may possess more potential for therapeutic uses in human airway allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Yeganeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advance Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Haji Molla Hoseini
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Phitochemistry Recearch Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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34
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Yao Y, Welp T, Liu Q, Niu N, Wang X, Britto CJ, Krishnaswamy S, Chupp GL, Montgomery RR. Multiparameter Single Cell Profiling of Airway Inflammatory Cells. CYTOMETRY. PART B, CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2017; 92:12-20. [PMID: 27807928 PMCID: PMC5250532 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Airway diseases affect over 7% of the U.S. population and millions of patients worldwide. Asthmatic patients have wide variation in clinical severity with different clinical and physiologic manifestations of disease that may be driven by distinct biologic mechanisms. Further, the immunologic underpinnings of this complex trait disease are heterogeneous and treatment success depends on defining subgroups of asthmatics. Because of the limited availability and number of cells from the lung, the active site, in-depth investigation has been challenging. Recent advances in technology support transcriptional analysis of cells from induced sputum. Flow cytometry studies have described cells present in the sputum but a detailed analysis of these subsets is lacking. Mass cytometry or CyTOF (Cytometry by Time-Of-Flight) offers tremendous opportunities for multiparameter single cell analysis. Experiments can now allow detection of up to ∼40 markers to facilitate unprecedented multidimensional cellular analyses. Here we demonstrate the use of CyTOF on primary airway samples obtained from well-characterized patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. Using this technology, we quantify cellular frequency and functional status of defined cell subsets. Our studies provide a blueprint to define the heterogeneity among subjects and underscore the power of this single cell method to characterize airway immune status. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Tobias Welp
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Naiqian Niu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Clemente J. Britto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Smita Krishnaswamy
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Geoff L. Chupp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ruth R. Montgomery
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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35
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Lotfy AM, Khalil F, Zidan H, Hadad M, Elsayed MA, Al-Sayyad MM, Mohamed NAE, Abouelyazed E. Assessment of severity of bronchial asthma by studying new markers: transforming growth factor-β1 and chitinase-3-like-1. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-7782.203295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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36
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Khan FI, Bisetty K, Singh S, Permaul K, Hassan MI. Chitinase from Thermomyces lanuginosus SSBP and its biotechnological applications. Extremophiles 2016; 19:1055-66. [PMID: 26462798 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-015-0792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chitinases are ubiquitous class of extracellular enzymes, which have gained attention in the past few years due to their wide biotechnological applications. The effectiveness of conventional insecticides is increasingly compromised by the occurrence of resistance; thus, chitinase offers a potential alternative to the use of chemical fungicides. The thermostable enzymes from thermophilic microorganisms have numerous industrial, medical, environmental and biotechnological applications due to their high stability for temperature and pH. Thermomyces lanuginosus produced a large number of chitinases, of which chitinase I and II are successfully cloned and purified recently. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that the stability of these enzymes are maintained even at higher temperature. In this review article we have focused on chitinases from different sources, mainly fungal chitinase of T. lanuginosus and its industrial application.
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37
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Mohammed IA, Diab SM, Soliman DR, Shalaby WA. Study of serum YKL-40 in children with bronchial asthma. EGYPTIAN PEDIATRIC ASSOCIATION GAZETTE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epag.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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38
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Laviad S, Golan A, Shaked T, Vaizel-Ohayon D, Halpern M, Pick E. Aeromonas chitinase degrades chironomid egg masses. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2016; 8:30-37. [PMID: 26472256 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chironomids are freshwater insects that undergo a complete metamorphosis of four life stages. Chironomid egg masses can be degraded by Vibrio cholerae and some Aeromonas species. Egg mass degradation by V. cholerae requires haemagglutinin protease activity. Our aim was to identify the egg mass degrading (EMD) factor secreted by Aeromonas dhkanesis 3K1C15. Following the hypothesis that the EMD factor of A. dhkanesis is also a protease, secreted proteases were screened, but none of them proved to have the same properties as the EMD factor. Using conventional protein purification methods, we found that the active fraction included chitinases. We further confirmed chitin as a building block of the egg masses. Interestingly, by supplementing bacterial growth media with chitin, we observed unexpected EMD factor activity in Aeromonas isolates that initially were not able to degrade egg masses. Accordingly, we concluded that although strain 3K1C15 secretes chitinases constitutively, most Aeromonas strains secrete chitinases inductively. Induction of chitinases in nature presumably occurs when bacteria are attached to the egg mass habitat, in which chitin is abundant. Considering that chitinases are highly conserved across bacteria phyla, we assume that the role of this enzyme in the bacteria-insect interplay could be wider than is currently thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Laviad
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Amnon Golan
- Department of Biology and Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Oranim, Israel
- Protein Purification Center, Ramat Yohanan, Israel
| | - Tamar Shaked
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dalit Vaizel-Ohayon
- Nesin Central Laboratory, Mekorot National Water Co. Ltd., Jordan District, Nazareth Illit, Israel
| | - Malka Halpern
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Biology and Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Oranim, Israel
| | - Elah Pick
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Biology and Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Oranim, Israel
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39
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González-de-Olano D, Muñoz-García E, Haroun-Díaz E, Bartolomé B, Pastor-Vargas C. Allergy to hedgehog with carboxypeptidase and chitinase-like and chymotrypsin-like elastase family members as the relevant allergens. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2016; 116:256-7. [PMID: 26774975 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elisa Haroun-Díaz
- Servicio de Alergia, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
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40
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Cheba BA, Zaghloul TI, EL-Mahdy AR, EL-Massry MH. Effect of pH and Temperature on Bacillus sp. R2 Chitinase Activity and Stability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.protcy.2016.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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41
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Hansen JW, Thomsen SF, Porsbjerg C, Rasmussen LM, Harmsen L, Johansen JS, Backer V. YKL-40 and genetic status of CHI3L1 in a large group of asthmatics. Eur Clin Respir J 2015; 2:25117. [PMID: 26672955 PMCID: PMC4653313 DOI: 10.3402/ecrj.v2.25117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown a relationship between asthma, serum YKL-40, and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (−131 C/G, rs4950928) in the CHI3L1 gene that codes for YKL-40. However, the findings differ. We studied the relationship between clinical asthma phenotypes, serum YKL-40, and SNP (−131 C/G, rs4950928). Methods In this study, 1,137 patients with asthma, 415 with rhinitis only, and 275 non-asthmatic controls were included. Assessment included a clinical interview concerning the diagnosis of asthma, severity of asthma, and asthma treatment as well as clinical tests to assess asthma and rhinitis. Serum YKL-40 was measured, and genotyping for the SNP (−131 C/G) was conducted. Results No significant difference in the serum concentration of YKL-40 was found between patients with asthma, patients with rhinitis, and non-asthmatic controls; however, YKL-40 was increased in patients with severe asthma. No association was found between the SNP (−131 C/G rs4950982) and the risk of having asthma (odds ratio = 0.90, p=0.4). Higher levels of serum YKL-40 were found in all subjects when comparing CC genotype to CG and GG genotypes (45 µg/L vs. 32 µg/L and 19 µg/L, p<0.0001). Conclusion There was no association between polymorphisms of SNP (−131 C/G) and asthma. The highest serum YKL-40 concentrations were seen in severe asthmatics. Individuals with less severe asthma showed a smaller difference against controls, limiting its clinical usefulness. More research is needed to clarify the relationship between different asthma phenotypes, YKL-40, and CHI3L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob W Hansen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Simon F Thomsen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linda M Rasmussen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte Harmsen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julia S Johansen
- Department of Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Backer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hambly N, Shimbori C, Kolb M. Molecular classification of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: personalized medicine, genetics and biomarkers. Respirology 2015; 20:1010-22. [PMID: 26109466 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive fibrotic lung disease associated with high morbidity and poor survival. Characterized by substantial disease heterogeneity, the diagnostic considerations, clinical course and treatment response in individual patients can be variable. In the past decade, with the advent of high-throughput proteomic and genomic technologies, our understanding of the pathogenesis of IPF has greatly improved and has led to the recognition of novel treatment targets and numerous putative biomarkers. Molecular biomarkers with mechanistic plausibility are highly desired in IPF, where they have the potential to accelerate drug development, facilitate early detection in susceptible individuals, improve prognostic accuracy and inform treatment recommendations. Although the search for candidate biomarkers remains in its infancy, attractive targets such as MUC5B and MPP7 have already been validated in large cohorts and have demonstrated their potential to improve clinical predictors beyond that of routine clinical practices. The discovery and implementation of future biomarkers will face many challenges, but with strong collaborative efforts among scientists, clinicians and the industry the ultimate goal of personalized medicine may be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Hambly
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Chiko Shimbori
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Kolb
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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43
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Dixon AE, Poynter ME. A common pathway to obesity and allergic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 191:721-2. [PMID: 25830513 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201502-0217ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Dixon
- 1 Department of Medicine University of Vermont Burlington, Vermont
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44
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Ather JL, Poynter ME, Dixon AE. Immunological characteristics and management considerations in obese patients with asthma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:793-803. [PMID: 25914932 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.1040394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with severe, poorly controlled asthma that does not respond as well to therapy as asthma in leaner asthmatics. Important insights gained from animal models of obesity and asthma suggests that different forms of obesity may lead to different manifestations of airway disease: obesity is associated with both innate increased airway reactivity and altered responses to aeroallergen and pollutant challenges. In humans, at least two broad groups of obese asthmatics have been recognized: one that is likely unique to obesity and another that is likely lean allergic asthma much complicated by obesity. This article will discuss what we have learned about the immunological and pathophysiological basis of asthma in obesity from animal and human studies, and how this might guide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Ather
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Given D208, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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45
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Role for mammalian chitinase 3-like protein 1 in traumatic brain injury. Neuropathology 2014; 35:95-106. [DOI: 10.1111/neup.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Cho SJ, Weiden MD, Lee CG. Chitotriosidase in the Pathogenesis of Inflammation, Interstitial Lung Diseases and COPD. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 7:14-21. [PMID: 25553258 PMCID: PMC4274464 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2015.7.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As a member of 18 glycosyl hydrolase (GH) family, chitotriosidase (Chitinase 1, CHIT1) is a true chitinase mainly expressed in the differentiated and polarized macrophages. CHIT1 is an innate immune mediator that digests the cell walls of chitin-containing eukaryotic pathogens, such as fungi. However, CHIT1 is dysregulated in granulomatous and fibrotic interstitial lung diseases characterized by inflammation and tissue remodeling. These include tuberclosis, sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, scleroderma-associated interstitial lung diseases (SSc-ILD), and chronic obstructive lung diseases (COPD). CHIT1 serum concentration correlates with the progression or the severity of these diseases, suggesting a potential use of CHIT1 as a biomarker or a therapeutic target. Recent studies with genetically modified mice demonstrate that CHIT1 enhances TGF-β1 receptor expression and signaling, suggesting a role in initiating or amplifying the response to organ injury and repair. This additional CHIT1 activity is independent of its enzymatic activity. These studies suggest that CHIT1 serves a bridging function; it is both an innate immune mediator and a regulator of tissue remodeling. This review will focus on recent data linking CHIT1 to the pathogenesis of inflammation, interstitial lung disease, and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael D Weiden
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. ; New York University, School of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, Tuxedo Park, NY, USA. ; Bureau of Health Services and Office of Medical Affairs Fire Department of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University,Warren Alpert School of Medicine Box G-L, Providence, RI, USA
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47
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An ammonium sulfate sensitive chitinase from Streptomyces sp. CS501. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 37:1522-9. [PMID: 25359199 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A chitinase from Streptomyces sp. CS501 was isolated from the Korean soil sample, purified by single-step chromatography, and biochemically characterized. The extracellular chitinase (Ch501) was purified to 4.60 fold with yield of 28.74 % using Sepharose Cl-6B column. The molecular mass of Ch501 was approximately 43 kDa as estimated by SDS-PAGE and zymography. The enzyme (Ch501) was found to be stable over a broad pH range (5.0-10.0) and temperature (up to 50 °C), and have an optimum temperature of 60 °C. N-terminal sequence of Ch501 was AAYDDAAAAA. Intriguingly, Ch501 was highly sensitive to ammonium sulfate but it's completely suppressed activity was recovered after desalting out. TLC analysis of Ch501 showed the production of N-acetyl D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and Diacetylchitobiose (GlcNAc)2, as a principal hydrolyzed product. Ch501 shows antifungal activity against Fusarium solani and Aspergillus brasiliensis, which can be used for the biological control of fungus. As has been simple in purification, stable in a broad range of pH, ability to produce oligosaccharides, and antifungal activity showed that Ch501 has potential applications in industries as for chitooligosaccharides production used as prebiotics and/or for the biological control of plant pathogens in agriculture.
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Tanaka Y, Matsumoto I, Inoue A, Umeda N, Takai C, Sumida T. Antigen-specific over-expression of human cartilage glycoprotein 39 on CD4+ CD25+ forkhead box protein 3+ regulatory T cells in the generation of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase-induced arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:419-27. [PMID: 24730590 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cartilage gp-39 (HC gp-39) is a well-known autoantigen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the exact localization, fluctuation and function of HC gp-39 in RA are unknown. Therefore, using a glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI)-induced model of arthritis, we investigated these aspects of HC gp-39 in arthritis. The rise in serum HC gp-39 levels was detected on the early phase of GPI-induced arthritis (day 7) and the HC gp-39 mRNA was increased significantly on splenic CD4(+) T cells on day7, but not on CD11b(+) cells. Moreover, to identify the characterization of HC gp-39(+) CD4(+) T cells, we assessed the analysis of T helper (Th) subsets. As a result, HC gp-39 was expressed dominantly in CD4(+) CD25(+) forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)(+) refulatory T cells (T(reg)), but not in Th1, Th2 or Th17 cells. Furthermore, to investigate the effect of HC gp-39 to CD4(+) T cells, T cell proliferation assay and cytokine production from CD4(+) T cells using recombinant HC gp-39 was assessed. We found that GPI-specific T cell proliferation and interferon (IFN)-γ or interleukin (IL)-17 production were clearly suppressed by addition of recombinant HC gp-39. Antigen-specific over-expression of HC gp-39 in splenic CD4(+) CD25(+) FoxP3(+) T(reg) cells occurs in the induction phase of GPI-induced arthritis, and addition of recombinant HC gp-39 suppresses antigen-specific T-cell proliferation and cytokine production, suggesting that HC gp-39 in CD4(+) T cells might play a regulatory role in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tanaka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Purification and identification of α 2–3 linked sialoglycoprotein and α 2–6 linked sialoglycoprotein in edible bird’s nest. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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G. C. P, Yoo HY, Cho SS, Choi YH, Yoo JC. An Extracellular Chitinase from Streptomyces sp. CS147 Releases N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) as Principal Product. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:372-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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