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Tingen HSA, Tubben A, van 't Oever JH, Pastoor EM, van Zon PPA, Nienhuis HLA, van der Meer P, Slart RHJA. Correction to: Positron emission tomography in the diagnosis and follow-up of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy patients: A systematic review. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:1798. [PMID: 37606860 PMCID: PMC11043097 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H S A Tingen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - A Tubben
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J H van 't Oever
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E M Pastoor
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P P A van Zon
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H L A Nienhuis
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R H J A Slart
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Tingen HSA, Tubben A, Bijzet J, van den Berg MP, van der Meer P, Houwerzijl EJ, Muntinghe FLH, van der Zwaag PA, Glaudemans AWJM, Oerlemans MIFJ, Knackstedt C, Michels M, Hirsch A, Hazenberg BPC, Slart RHJA, Nienhuis HLA. Cardiac [ 99mTc]Tc-hydroxydiphosphonate uptake on bone scintigraphy in patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: an early follow-up marker? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:681-690. [PMID: 37843599 PMCID: PMC10796605 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a need for early quantitative markers of potential treatment response in patients with hereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis to guide therapy. This study aims to evaluate changes in cardiac tracer uptake on bone scintigraphy in ATTRv amyloidosis patients on different treatments. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, outcomes of 20 patients treated with the transthyretin (TTR) gene silencer patisiran were compared to 12 patients treated with a TTR-stabilizer. Changes in NYHA class, cardiac biomarkers in serum, wall thickness, and diastolic parameters on echocardiography and NYHA class during treatment were evaluated. RESULTS Median heart/whole-body (H/WB) ratio on bone scintigraphy decreased from 4.84 [4.00 to 5.31] to 4.16 [3.66 to 4.81] (p < .001) in patients treated with patisiran for 29 [15-34] months. No changes in the other follow-up parameters were observed. In patients treated with a TTR-stabilizer for 24 [20 to 30] months, H/WB ratio increased from 4.46 [3.24 to 5.13] to 4.96 [ 3.39 to 5.80] (p = .010), and troponin T increased from 19.5 [9.3 to 34.0] ng/L to 20.0 [11.8 to 47.8] ng/L (p = .025). All other parameters did not change during treatment with a TTR-stabilizer. CONCLUSION A change in cardiac tracer uptake on bone scintigraphy may be an early marker of treatment-specific response or disease progression in ATTRv amyloidosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S A Tingen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - A Tubben
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Bijzet
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M P van den Berg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E J Houwerzijl
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - F L H Muntinghe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P A van der Zwaag
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A W J M Glaudemans
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M I F J Oerlemans
- Department of Cardiology and Member of the European Reference Network for rare, low prevalence and complex diseases of the heart: ERN GUARD-Heart , University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Knackstedt
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Michels
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Hirsch
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B P C Hazenberg
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R H J A Slart
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - H L A Nienhuis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen and Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tingen HSA, Tubben A, van 't Oever JH, Pastoor EM, van Zon PPA, Nienhuis HLA, van der Meer P, Slart RHJA. Positron emission tomography in the diagnosis and follow-up of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy patients: A systematic review. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 51:93-109. [PMID: 37561144 PMCID: PMC10684414 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis is a progressive protein misfolding disease with frequent cardiac involvement. This review aims to determine the value of PET in diagnosis, assessment of disease progression or treatment response and its relation to clinical outcome in follow-up of ATTR amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) patients. METHODS Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched, from the earliest date available until December 2022, for studies investigating the use of PET in ATTR-CM patients. Studies containing original data were included, except for case reports. Risk of bias was assessed by QUADAS-2. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were included in this systematic review, investigating five different tracers: carbon-11 Pittsburgh compound B ([11C]PIB), fluorine-18 Florbetaben ([18F]FBB), fluorine-18 Florbetapir ([18F]FBP), fluorine-18 Flutemetamol ([18F]FMM) and fluorine-18 Sodium Fluoride (Na[18F]F). In total 211 ATTR amyloidosis patients were included. A majority of studies concluded that [11C]PIB, [18F]FBP and Na[18F]F can distinguish ATTR amyloidosis patients from controls, and that [11C]PIB and Na[18F]F, but not [18F]FBP, can distinguish ATTR-CM patients from patients with cardiac light chain amyloidosis. Evidence on the performance of [18F]FBB and [18F]FMM was contradictory. No studies on the use of PET in follow-up were found. CONCLUSION [11C]PIB, Na[18F]F and [18F]FBP can be used to diagnose cardiac amyloidosis, although [18F]FBP may not be suitable for the distinction of different types of amyloid cardiomyopathy. No studies on PET in the follow-up of ATTR amyloidosis patients were found. Future research should focus on the use of these PET tracers in the follow-up of ATTR amyloidosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S A Tingen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - A Tubben
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J H van 't Oever
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E M Pastoor
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P P A van Zon
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H L A Nienhuis
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R H J A Slart
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Vinke JS, Eisenga MF, Sanders JSF, Berger SP, Spikman JM, Abdulahad WH, Bakker SJ, Gaillard CAJM, van Zuilen AD, van der Meer P, de Borst MH. Effect of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose on Exercise Capacity After Kidney Transplantation (EFFECT-KTx): rationale and study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065423. [PMID: 36948568 PMCID: PMC10040026 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iron deficiency (ID) is common and has been associated with an excess mortality risk in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). In patients with chronic heart failure and ID, intravenous iron improves exercise capacity and quality of life. Whether these beneficial effects also occur in KTRs is unknown. The main objective of this trial is to address whether intravenous iron improves exercise tolerance in iron-deficient KTRs. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Effect of Ferric Carboxymaltose on Exercise Capacity after Kidney Transplantation study is a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial that will include 158 iron-deficient KTRs. ID is defined as plasma ferritin <100 µg/L or plasma ferritin 100-299 µg/L with transferrin saturation <20%. Patients are randomised to receive 10 mL of ferric carboxymaltose (50 mg Fe3+/mL, intravenously) or placebo (0.9% sodium chloride solution) every 6 weeks, four dosages in total. The primary endpoint is change in exercise capacity, as quantified by the 6 min walk test, between the first study visit and the end of follow-up, 24 weeks later. Secondary endpoints include changes in haemoglobin levels and iron status, quality of life, systolic and diastolic heart function, skeletal muscle strength, bone and mineral parameters, neurocognitive function and safety endpoints. Tertiary (explorative) outcomes are changes in gut microbiota and lymphocyte proliferation and function. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol of this study has been approved by the medical ethical committee of the University Medical Centre Groningen (METc 2018/482;) and is being conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials checklist and the Good Clinical Practice guidelines provided by the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. Study results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03769441.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Sj Vinke
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Michele F Eisenga
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan-Stephan F Sanders
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Stefan P Berger
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jacoba M Spikman
- Department of Neuropsychology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wayel H Abdulahad
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Stephan Jl Bakker
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Carlo A J M Gaillard
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan D van Zuilen
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Alnuwaysir RIS, Grote Beverborg N, van der Meer P. Fluctuating iron levels in heart failure: when and where to look at? Eur J Heart Fail 2022; 24:818-820. [PMID: 35415951 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R I S Alnuwaysir
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - N Grote Beverborg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Linschoten M, Uijl A, Schut A, Jakob CEM, Romão LR, Bell RM, McFarlane E, Stecher M, Zondag AGM, van Iperen EPA, Hermans-van Ast W, Lea NC, Schaap J, Jewbali LS, Smits PC, Patel RS, Aujayeb A, van der Harst P, Siebelink HJ, van Smeden M, Williams S, Pilgram L, van Gilst WH, Tieleman RG, Williams B, Asselbergs FW, Al-Ali AK, Al-Muhanna FA, Al-Rubaish AM, Al-Windy NYY, Alkhalil M, Almubarak YA, Alnafie AN, Alshahrani M, Alshehri AM, Anning C, Anthonio RL, Badings EA, Ball C, van Beek EA, ten Berg JM, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Bianco M, Blagova OV, Bleijendaal H, Bor WL, Borgmann S, van Boxem AJM, van den Brink FS, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, van Bussel BCT, Byrom-Goulthorp R, Captur G, Caputo M, Charlotte N, vom Dahl J, Dark P, De Sutter J, Degenhardt C, Delsing CE, Dolff S, Dorman HGR, Drost JT, Eberwein L, Emans ME, Er AG, Ferreira JB, Forner MJ, Friedrichs A, Gabriel L, Groenemeijer BE, Groenendijk AL, Grüner B, Guggemos W, Haerkens-Arends HE, Hanses F, Hedayat B, Heigener D, van der Heijden DJ, Hellou E, Hellwig K, Henkens MTHM, Hermanides RS, Hermans WRM, van Hessen MWJ, Heymans SRB, Hilt AD, van der Horst ICC, Hower M, van Ierssel SH, Isberner N, Jensen B, Kearney MT, van Kesteren HAM, Kielstein JT, Kietselaer BLJH, Kochanek M, Kolk MZH, Koning AMH, Kopylov PY, Kuijper AFM, Kwakkel-van Erp JM, Lanznaster J, van der Linden MMJM, van der Lingen ACJ, Linssen GCM, Lomas D, Maarse M, Macías Ruiz R, Magdelijns FJH, Magro M, Markart P, Martens FMAC, Mazzilli SG, McCann GP, van der Meer P, Meijs MFL, Merle U, Messiaen P, Milovanovic M, Monraats PS, Montagna L, Moriarty A, Moss AJ, Mosterd A, Nadalin S, Nattermann J, Neufang M, Nierop PR, Offerhaus JA, van Ofwegen-Hanekamp CEE, Parker E, Persoon AM, Piepel C, Pinto YM, Poorhosseini H, Prasad S, Raafs AG, Raichle C, Rauschning D, Redón J, Reidinga AC, Ribeiro MIA, Riedel C, Rieg S, Ripley DP, Römmele C, Rothfuss K, Rüddel J, Rüthrich MM, Salah R, Saneei E, Saxena M, Schellings DAAM, Scholte NTB, Schubert J, Seelig J, Shafiee A, Shore AC, Spinner C, Stieglitz S, Strauss R, Sturkenboom NH, Tessitore E, Thomson RJ, Timmermans P, Tio RA, Tjong FVY, Tometten L, Trauth J, den Uil CA, Van Craenenbroeck EM, van Veen HPAA, Vehreschild MJGT, Veldhuis LI, Veneman T, Verschure DO, Voigt I, de Vries JK, van de Wal RMA, Walter L, van de Watering DJ, Westendorp ICD, Westendorp PHM, Westhoff T, Weytjens C, Wierda E, Wille K, de With K, Worm M, Woudstra P, Wu KW, Zaal R, Zaman AG, van der Zee PM, Zijlstra LE, Alling TE, Ahmed R, van Aken K, Bayraktar-Verver ECE, Bermúdez Jiménes FJ, Biolé CA, den Boer-Penning P, Bontje M, Bos M, Bosch L, Broekman M, Broeyer FJF, de Bruijn EAW, Bruinsma S, Cardoso NM, Cosyns B, van Dalen DH, Dekimpe E, Domange J, van Doorn JL, van Doorn P, Dormal F, Drost IMJ, Dunnink A, van Eck JWM, Elshinawy K, Gevers RMM, Gognieva DG, van der Graaf M, Grangeon S, Guclu A, Habib A, Haenen NA, Hamilton K, Handgraaf S, Heidbuchel H, Hendriks-van Woerden M, Hessels-Linnemeijer BM, Hosseini K, Huisman J, Jacobs TC, Jansen SE, Janssen A, Jourdan K, ten Kate GL, van Kempen MJ, Kievit CM, Kleikers P, Knufman N, van der Kooi SE, Koole BAS, Koole MAC, Kui KK, Kuipers-Elferink L, Lemoine I, Lensink E, van Marrewijk V, van Meerbeeck JP, Meijer EJ, Melein AJ, Mesitskaya DF, van Nes CPM, Paris FMA, Perrelli MG, Pieterse-Rots A, Pisters R, Pölkerman BC, van Poppel A, Reinders S, Reitsma MJ, Ruiter AH, Selder JL, van der Sluis A, Sousa AIC, Tajdini M, Tercedor Sánchez L, Van De Heyning CM, Vial H, Vlieghe E, Vonkeman HE, Vreugdenhil P, de Vries TAC, Willems AM, Wils AM, Zoet-Nugteren SK. Clinical presentation, disease course, and outcome of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients with and without pre-existing cardiac disease: a cohort study across 18 countries. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:1104-1120. [PMID: 34734634 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Patients with cardiac disease are considered high risk for poor outcomes following hospitalization with COVID-19. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate heterogeneity in associations between various heart disease subtypes and in-hospital mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS We used data from the CAPACITY-COVID registry and LEOSS study. Multivariable Poisson regression models were fitted to assess the association between different types of pre-existing heart disease and in-hospital mortality. A total of 16 511 patients with COVID-19 were included (21.1% aged 66-75 years; 40.2% female) and 31.5% had a history of heart disease. Patients with heart disease were older, predominantly male, and often had other comorbid conditions when compared with those without. Mortality was higher in patients with cardiac disease (29.7%; n = 1545 vs. 15.9%; n = 1797). However, following multivariable adjustment, this difference was not significant [adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.15; P = 0.12 (corrected for multiple testing)]. Associations with in-hospital mortality by heart disease subtypes differed considerably, with the strongest association for heart failure (aRR 1.19, 95% CI 1.10-1.30; P < 0.018) particularly for severe (New York Heart Association class III/IV) heart failure (aRR 1.41, 95% CI 1.20-1.64; P < 0.018). None of the other heart disease subtypes, including ischaemic heart disease, remained significant after multivariable adjustment. Serious cardiac complications were diagnosed in <1% of patients. CONCLUSION Considerable heterogeneity exists in the strength of association between heart disease subtypes and in-hospital mortality. Of all patients with heart disease, those with heart failure are at greatest risk of death when hospitalized with COVID-19. Serious cardiac complications are rare during hospitalization.
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Osinga TE, Oosting SF, van der Meer P, de Boer RA, Kuenen BC, Rutgers A, Bergmann L, Oude Munnink TH, Jalving M, van Kruchten M. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis : Case reports and a review of the literature. Neth Heart J 2022; 30:295-301. [PMID: 35061242 PMCID: PMC9123105 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-021-01655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly recognised to effectuate long-lasting therapeutic responses in solid tumours. However, ICI therapy can also result in various immune-related adverse events, such as ICI-associated myocarditis, a rare but serious complication. The clinical spectrum is wide and includes asymptomatic patients and patients with fulminant heart failure, making it challenging to diagnose this condition. Furthermore, the optimal diagnostic algorithm and treatment of ICI-associated myocarditis is unknown. In this review, we describe two cases on both ends of the spectrum and discuss the challenges in recognising, diagnosing and treating ICI-associated myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Osinga
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S F Oosting
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B C Kuenen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Rutgers
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L Bergmann
- Medical Clinic II, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T H Oude Munnink
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Jalving
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M van Kruchten
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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van der Pol A, Hoes MF, de Boer RA, van der Meer P. Cardiac foetal reprogramming: a tool to exploit novel treatment targets for the failing heart. J Intern Med 2020; 288:491-506. [PMID: 32557939 PMCID: PMC7687159 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the heart matures during embryogenesis from its foetal stages, several structural and functional modifications take place to form the adult heart. This process of maturation is in large part due to an increased volume and work load of the heart to maintain proper circulation throughout the growing body. In recent years, it has been observed that these changes are reversed to some extent as a result of cardiac disease. The process by which this occurs has been characterized as cardiac foetal reprogramming and is defined as the suppression of adult and re-activation of a foetal genes profile in the diseased myocardium. The reasons as to why this process occurs in the diseased myocardium are unknown; however, it has been suggested to be an adaptive process to counteract deleterious events taking place during cardiac remodelling. Although still in its infancy, several studies have demonstrated that targeting foetal reprogramming in heart failure can lead to substantial improvement in cardiac functionality. This is highlighted by a recent study which found that by modulating the expression of 5-oxoprolinase (OPLAH, a novel cardiac foetal gene), cardiac function can be significantly improved in mice exposed to cardiac injury. Additionally, the utilization of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI) has demonstrated clear benefits, providing important clinical proof that drugs that increase natriuretic peptide levels (part of the foetal gene programme) indeed improve heart failure outcomes. In this review, we will highlight the most important aspects of cardiac foetal reprogramming and will discuss whether this process is a cause or consequence of heart failure. Based on this, we will also explain how a deeper understanding of this process may result in the development of novel therapeutic strategies in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A van der Pol
- From the, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Perioperative Inflammation and Infection Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - M F Hoes
- From the, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - R A de Boer
- From the, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- From the, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Tromp J, Ouwerkerk W, Demissei BG, Anker SD, Cleland JG, Dickstein K, Filippatos G, van der Harst P, Hillege HL, Lang CC, Metra M, Ng LL, Ponikowski P, Samani NJ, van Veldhuisen DJ, Zannad F, Zwinderman AH, Voors AA, van der Meer P. Novel endotypes in heart failure: effects on guideline-directed medical therapy. Eur Heart J 2018; 39:4269-4276. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Tromp
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore
| | - W Ouwerkerk
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - B G Demissei
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - S D Anker
- Division of Cardiology and Metabolism—Heart Failure, Cachexia & Sarcopenia, Department of Cardiology (CVK); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), at Charité University Medicine, Charitépl. 1 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medicine Göttingen (UMG), DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Robert-Koch-Straße 40, Göttingen, Germany
| | - J G Cleland
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, Sydney St, Chelsea, London, UK
- Robertson Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials Unit, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Dickstein
- University of Bergen, Stavanger University Hospital, Gerd-Ragna Bloch Thorsens gate 8, Stavanger, Norway
| | - G Filippatos
- School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Athens University Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1, Rimini Str, Haidari, Athens Greece
| | - P van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - H L Hillege
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - C C Lang
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - M Metra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Institute of Cardiology, University of Brescia, Piazza del Mercato, 15, Brescia, Italy
| | - L L Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
| | - P Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Rudolfa Weigla 5, Wroclaw, Poland
- Cardiology Department, Military Hospital, Rudolfa Weigla, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - N J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK
| | - D J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - F Zannad
- CHU de Nancy, Inserm CIC 1433, Université de Lorrain, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT Nancy, France
| | - A H Zwinderman
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - A A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
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van den Bogaard V, van Luijk P, Hummel Y, van der Meer P, Boerman L, Maass S, Gietema J, de Bock G, Berendsen A, Smit W, Sijtsema M, Kierkels R, Langendijk J, Crijns A, Maduro J. Radiation Therapy Significantly Contributes to Loss of Cardiac Function after Treatment for Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Yenamandra VK, van den Akker PC, Lemmink HH, Jan SZ, Diercks GFH, Vermeer M, van den Berg MP, van der Meer P, Pasmooij AMG, Sinke RJ, Jonkman MF, Bolling MC. Cardiomyopathy in patients with epidermolysis bullosa simplex with mutations in KLHL24. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:1181-1183. [PMID: 29779254 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V K Yenamandra
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - H H Lemmink
- Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Z Jan
- Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - M Vermeer
- Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - A M G Pasmooij
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R J Sinke
- Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M F Jonkman
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M C Bolling
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Blistering Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Tromp J, Steggink LC, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Gietema JA, van der Meer P. Cardio-Oncology: Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiac Dysfunction. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 101:481-490. [PMID: 28073142 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Tromp
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L C Steggink
- Department of Medical Oncology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D J Van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J A Gietema
- Department of Medical Oncology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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Lok SI, Lok DJ, van der Weide P, Winkens B, Bruggink-André de la Porte PW, Doevendans PA, de Weger RA, van der Meer P, de Jonge N. Plasma levels of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin are elevated in patients with chronic heart failure, but are of limited prognostic value. Neth Heart J 2014; 22:391-5. [PMID: 25172361 PMCID: PMC4160451 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-014-0584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing interest in utilising novel markers of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). Recently, it was shown that alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), an acute-phase protein and major inhibitor of cathpesin G, plays a role in the pathophysiology of HF and may serve as a marker for myocardial distress. Objective To assess whether ACT is independently associated with long-term mortality in chronic HF patients. Methods ACT plasma levels were categorised into quartiles. Survival times were analysed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression, without and with correction for clinically relevant risk factors, including sex, age, duration of HF, kidney function (MDRD), ischaemic HF aetiology and NT-proBNP. Results Twenty healthy individuals and 224 patients (mean age 71 years, 72 % male, median HF duration 1.6 years) with chronic HF were included. In total, 159 (71 %) patients died. The median survival time was 5.3 (95 % CI 4.5–6.1) years. ACT was significantly elevated in patients (median 433 μg/ml, IQR 279–680) in comparison with controls (median 214 μg/ml, IQR 166–271; p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that ACT was not independently related to long-term mortality in chronic HF patients (crude HR = 1.03, 95 % CI 0.75–1.41, p = 0.871; adjusted HR = 1.12, 95 % CI 0.78–1.60, p = 0.552), which was confirmed by Kaplan-Meier curves. Conclusion ACT levels are elevated in chronic HF patients, but no independent association with long-term mortality can be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Lok
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Huispostnummer H04.312, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands,
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14
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Hoes MF, van Hagen I, Russo F, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Van den Berg MP, Roos-Hesselink J, van Spaendonck-Zwarts KY, van der Meer P. Peripartum cardiomyopathy: Euro Observational Research Program. Neth Heart J 2014; 22:396-400. [PMID: 25007941 PMCID: PMC4160455 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-014-0573-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare but potentially life-threatening form of heart failure affecting women late in pregnancy or in the first months after delivery. Peripartum cardiomyopathy is difficult to diagnose and its onset and progression are variable between individuals. The pathophysiology remains poorly understood, hence treatment options are limited and possibly harmful to the foetus. Furthermore, geographical incidence varies greatly and little is known about the incidence in Western countries. To gain further understanding of the pathophysiology and incidence of peripartum cardiomyopathy, the European Society of Cardiology initiated a study group to implement a registry. This review provides an overview of current insights into peripartum cardiomyopathy, highlights the need for such a registry and provides information about this Euro Observational Research Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. F. Hoes
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - I. van Hagen
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - F. Russo
- Department of Genetics, Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - D. J. Van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M. P. Van den Berg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J. Roos-Hesselink
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - K. Y. van Spaendonck-Zwarts
- Department of Genetics, Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P. van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
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15
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van Spaendonck-Zwarts KY, Posafalvi A, van den Berg MP, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Bollen IAE, Sliwa K, Alders M, Almomani R, van Langen IM, van der Meer P, Sinke RJ, van der Velden J, Van Veldhuisen DJ, van Tintelen JP, Jongbloed JDH. Titin gene mutations are common in families with both peripartum cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2014; 35:2165-73. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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16
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van der Heyden J, van der Meer P, Birnie E, de Coo IFM, Castro Cabezas M, Ozcan B, Veeze H, Visser GH, Aanstoot HJ, Blok JH. Decreased excitability of the distal motor nerve of young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes 2013; 14:519-25. [PMID: 23710907 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The compound muscle action potential (CMAP) scan is a novel neurophysiological technique that appears more sensitive in detecting peripheral motor neuropathy than conventional methods. This study explores the value of the CMAP scan for the detection of subclinical diabetic peripheral motor neuropathy. METHODS In this cross-sectional pilot study, CMAP scanning of the peroneal nerve was performed in (i) 13 well-controlled patients (8-25 yr old) with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) duration between 2.5 and 5 yr; (ii) 17 patients (10-25 yr old) with a duration of T1DM of at least 10 yr, poorly controlled and/or with microvascular complications and (iii) 13 adults with T1DM and established clinical diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Various CMAP scan variables, including measures of axonal excitability and axonal loss and reinnervation, were compared between patients and healthy controls. RESULTS Axonal excitability was significantly decreased in the young patient groups as compared to their controls. The CMAP scan measures of axonal loss and reinnervation differed only between patients with clinical DPN and their controls. CONCLUSIONS Motor nerve axonal excitability seems to be reduced early in T1DM, even in well-controlled young patients, and probably before (irreversible) axonal damage occurs. These changes can be measured by the CMAP scan, which makes this a promising tool for detecting nerve dysfunction in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jc van der Heyden
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Meyer S, van der Meer P, van Deursen VM, Jaarsma T, van Veldhuisen DJ, van der Wal MHL, Hillege HL, Voors AA. Neurohormonal and clinical sex differences in heart failure. Eur Heart J 2013; 34:2538-47. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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18
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Alings M, Vireca E, Bastian D, Wardeh AJ, Nimeth C, Tukkie R, Trinks S, Kainz W, Delaney C, Kaltofen G, Ziekenhuis A, Bloch-Thomsen PE, Cihalik C, Lawo T, Agraou B, Deutsch P, Bazin P, Guyomar Y, Bobillier M, Defaye P, Amiel A, Lazarus A, Guenoun M, Le Franc P, Oei FL, Nicastia D, Hoenen S, de Porto AE, Vontobel H, Robles de Medina R, Kainz W, Brunner P, Alzueta J, Santos JA, Navarro AB, Hie C, Kautzner J, Ammann-Kardiol P, Kaltofen G, Tukkie R, Zeindlhofer E, Nimeth C, Frommel M, Brachmann J, Gohl K, Trinks S, van der Meer P, Zenker G, Gebetsberger F, Unger T, Ruiter JH, Ramanna H, Hadj KB, Lang A, Predel D, Schnabel A, Martinek M, Cheng CW, Ward K, Jensen G, O'Nunain S, Jiang S, Terpstra WF, Budschedl E, van Doorn DJ, Marenne F, Wahlers T, Zeus T, Osswald S, Engby B, Christensen PD, Junbo G, van der Veen M. Clinical use of automatic pacemaker algorithms: results of the AUTOMATICITY registry. Europace 2011; 13:976-83. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eur052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Frankenberg C, Aben I, Bergamaschi P, Dlugokencky EJ, van Hees R, Houweling S, van der Meer P, Snel R, Tol P. Global column-averaged methane mixing ratios from 2003 to 2009 as derived from SCIAMACHY: Trends and variability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia is common in patients with chronic heart failure (HF), and erythropoiesis stimulating proteins (ESPs) are frequently used for its treatment. However, recent studies in patients with malignancies and renal failure have raised concerns about the safety of these agents. OBJECTIVE To determine whether treatment of anaemic patients with chronic HF with ESPs is associated with an effect on morbidity and mortality. DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search in Medline, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register Database and ClinicalTrials.gov through July 2008 was performed. STUDY SELECTION Randomised clinical trials comparing the effect of ESP treatment with placebo or usual care in anaemic patients with HF were included. RESULTS Seven randomised controlled trials were identified that enrolled 650 patients, of whom 363 were treated with ESPs and 287 with placebo. ESP treatment had a significantly lower risk of HF hospitalisation (risk ratio (RR) = 0.59; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.86; p = 0.006).There was no significant difference in the mortality risk between the two groups (RR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.39 to 1.23; p = 0.21). No significant differences were observed in the occurrence of hypertension or venous thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS In chronic HF, treatment with ESPs is not associated with a higher mortality rate or more adverse events, whereas a beneficial effect on HF hospitalisation is seen. These outcomes are in contrast with studies in cancer and kidney disease, and support a large phase III morbidity and mortality trial of anaemia correction in patients with chronic HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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22
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van der Meer P, Januzzi JL, van Veldhuisen DJ. Erythropoietin, haemoglobin, heart failure, and mortality: reply. Eur Heart J 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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23
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van der Meer P, van Veldhuisen DJ. [New applications of erythropoietin in cardiovascular disease: from haematopoiesis to cardiac protection]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2008; 152:923-927. [PMID: 18561787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Anaemia is common in patients with heart failure and is associated with poorer prognosis. The aetiology of anaemia in heart failure is diverse and includes renal failure, iron and vitamin deficiency, the use of medication, and insensitivity of the bone marrow to erythropoietin. Recently, small-scale clinical trials investigating the effect of erythropoietin on anaemia showed an improvement in the surrogate cardiovascular endpoints exercise tolerance, haemodynamics and number of hospitalisations. Erythropoietin also has non-haematopoietic (pleiotropic) effects, such as inhibition of apoptosis and neovascularisation. In preclinical studies, erythropoietin had a beneficial effect on heart function following acute myocardial infarction and in heart failure. Currently, these pleiotropic effects are being studied in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P van der Meer
- Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Thoraxcentrum, afd. Cardiologie, Postbus 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen.
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24
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van der Meer P, Lok DJ, Januzzi JL, de la Porte PWBA, Lipsic E, van Wijngaarden J, Voors AA, van Gilst WH, van Veldhuisen DJ. Adequacy of endogenous erythropoietin levels and mortality in anaemic heart failure patients. Eur Heart J 2008; 29:1510-5. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Lips̆ic E, Asselbergs FW, van der Meer P, Tio RA, Voors AA, van Gilst WH, Zijlstra F, van Veldhuisen DJ. Anaemia predicts cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Neth Heart J 2005; 13:254-258. [PMID: 25696505 PMCID: PMC2497247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with heart failure and patients with chronic kidney disease. The effect of anaemia on CV outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the prognostic value of anaemia in this group of patients. METHODS Patients with stable angina pectoris, referred for a first diagnostic coronary angiography, were eligible for this study. Only subjects with significant coronary artery disease (>50% luminal narrowing) were used for analysis (n=143). Cardiovascular events were defined as cardiovascular death, acute myocardial infarction and hospitalisation for unstable angina pectoris. Anaemia was defined according to WHO criteria as haemoglobin level ≤8 mmol/l in men and ≤7.5 mmol/l in women. RESULTS The mean age of the population was 61.5±9.4 years. During follow-up (44±19 months), 19 CV events occurred. The diagnosis of anaemia predicted CV events, even when adjusted for other risk factors (hazard ratio 5.73, 95% confidence interval 1.49-22.13, p=0.01). In univariate analysis, serum erythropoietin levels predicted CV outcomes (p<0.05); however, this association was lost when adjusted for haemoglobin concentration. CONCLUSION Anaemia is associated with worse outcome in patients with established CAD and could be used as a prognostic indicator in this group of patients.
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26
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van der Meer P, Quant-Durán C. [Diagnostic image (174). A Nicaraguan man with an epileptic seizure. Neurocysticercosis]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2004; 148:221. [PMID: 14983577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
A 56-year-old Nicaraguan man was referred because of a generalised seizure. CT revealed neurocysticercosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P van der Meer
- Hospital Escuela de Referencia Nacional Roberto Calderón-Gutiérrez, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, subafd. Infectiologie, Managua, Nicaragua.
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27
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Koopmans GF, Chardon WJ, Dolfing J, Oenema O, van der Meer P, van Riemsdijk WH. Wet chemical and phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of phosphorus speciation in a sandy soil receiving long-term fertilizer or animal manure applications. J Environ Qual 2003; 32:287-295. [PMID: 12549568 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2003.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In areas under intensive livestock farming and with high application rates of animal manure, inorganic and organic phosphorus (P) may be leached from soils. Since the contribution of these P compounds to P leaching may differ, it is important to determine the speciation of P in these soils. We determined the effect of various fertilization regimes on the P speciation in NaOH-Na2EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and water extracts of acidic sandy soil samples from the top 5 cm of grassland with wet chemical analysis and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. These soils had been treated for a period of 11 years with no fertilizer (control), N (no P application), N-P-K, or different animal manures. Inorganic P was highly elevated in the NaOH-Na2EDTA extracts of the soils amended with N-P-K or animal manures, while organic P increased only in the soil treated with pig slurry. Water-extractable P showed a similar trend. As indicated by 31P NMR, orthophosphate monoesters were the main organic P compounds in all soils. Our results suggest that long-term applications of large amounts of P fertilizer and animal manures caused an accumulation of inorganic P, resulting in an increase of the potential risk related to mobilization of inorganic P in the top 5 cm of these soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Koopmans
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Hoffmann R, Marwick TH, Poldermans D, Lethen H, Ciani R, van der Meer P, Tries HP, Gianfagna P, Fioretti P, Bax JJ, Katz MA, Erbel R, Hanrath P. Refinements in stress echocardiographic techniques improve inter-institutional agreement in interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiograms. Eur Heart J 2002; 23:821-9. [PMID: 12009723 DOI: 10.1053/euhj.2001.2968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine the degree of inter-institutional agreement in the assessment of dobutamine stress echocardiograms using modern stress echocardiographic technology in combination with standardized data acquisition and assessment criteria. METHOD AND RESULTS Among six experienced institutions, 150 dobutamine stress echocardiograms (dobutamine up to 40 microg x kg(-1) min(-1) and atropine up to 1 mg) were performed on patients with suspected coronary artery disease using fundamental and harmonic imaging following a consistent digital acquisition protocol. Each dobutamine stress echocardiogram was assessed at every institution regarding endocardial visibility and left ventricular wall motion without knowledge of any other data using standardized reading criteria. No patients were excluded due to poor image quality or inadequate stress level. Coronary angiography was performed within 4 weeks. Coronary angiography demonstrated significant coronary artery disease (> or = 50% diameter stenosis) in 87 patients. Using harmonic imaging an average of 5.2+/-0.9 institutions agreed on dobutamine stress echocardiogram results as being normal or abnormal (mean kappa 0.55; 95% CI 0.50-0.60). Agreement was higher in patients with no (equal assessment of dobutamine stress echocardiogram results by 5.5+/-0.8 institutions) or three-vessel coronary artery disease (5.4+/- 0.8 institutions) and lower in one- or two- vessel disease (5.0+/-0.9 and 5.2+/-1.0 institutions, respectively; P=0.041). Disagreement on test results was greater in only minor wall motion abnormalities. Agreement on dobutamine stress echocardiogram results was lower using fundamental imaging (mean kappa 0.49; 95% CI 0.44-0.54; P<0.01 vs harmonic imaging). CONCLUSION Modern echocardiographic technology in combination with standardized digital image processing and uniform reading criteria results in a higher inter-institutional agreement in the interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiogram compared to historic reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hoffmann
- Medical Clinic I, University RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Buffy coat (BC) pooling sets are integrated systems, consisting of a pooling bag, a filter and a platelet storage container, for the production of leucoreduced platelet concentrates (LR-PCs) from pooled BCs. It was our aim to compare various pooling sets that are currently marketed. MATERIALS AND METHODS LR-PCs were made by pooling five BCs and adding 250 g of PAS-II. In study I, filters were compared: four BC pools (of five BCs each) were mixed and divided, and after centrifugation the platelet-rich supernatant (PRS) was expressed through one of the following filters: CLX-5, BioP-plus, Autostop or Imugard. In study II, storage containers were compared: five LR-PCs were mixed and divided over the following storage containers: 1300-ml PL-2410, 1000-ml and 1500-ml polyolefin, 1500-ml CLX or 1000-ml DnDP-PVC. These LR-PCs were stored for 9 days with sampling performed on days 1, 2, 5, 7 and 9. We required that the pH remained between 6.8 and 7.4, and that the swirling effect was present at the end of the storage period. RESULTS All filters gave LR-PCs that contained uniformly < 1 x 106 leucocytes (n = 12 experiments) with a recovery of, on average, 70% of the platelets originally present in the BC pools, except for the BioP-plus filter, which had a recovery of 43 +/- 10%. The 1500-ml CLX bag had, in two of nine cases, a pH < 6.8 on day 5 of storage, while the other storage containers were able to maintain a pH of > 6.8 until day 9. With the CLX container, the oxygen level remained adequate until day 9, but low glucose, high lactate and high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels suggested high platelet metabolism and/or activation. CONCLUSIONS BC pooling sets have various benefits, such as less welding, resulting in a lower work-load, but not all combinations of filters and storage containers tested were suitable. Therefore, validation prior to routine use in a blood centre is necessary.
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Heipieper HJ, de Waard P, van der Meer P, Killian JA, Isken S, de Bont JA, Eggink G, de Wolf FA. Regiospecific effect of 1-octanol on cis-trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids in the solvent-tolerant strain Pseudomonas putida S12. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2001; 57:541-7. [PMID: 11762602 DOI: 10.1007/s002530100808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The solvent-tolerant bacterium Pseudomonas putida S12, which adapts its membrane lipids to the presence of toxic solvents by a cis to trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids, was used to study possible in vivo regiospecificity of the isomerase. Cells were supplemented with linoleic acid (C18:2delta9-cis,delta12-cis), a fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by this bacterium, but which was incorporated into membrane lipids up to an amount of 15% of total fatty acids. After addition of 1-octanol, which was used as an activator of the cis-trans isomerase, the linoleic acid was converted into the delta9-trans,delta12-cis isomer, while the delta9-cis,delta12-trans and delta9-trans,epsilon12-trans isomers were not synthesized. Thus, for the first time, regiospecific in vivo formation of novel, mixed cis/trans isomers of dienoic fatty acid chains was observed. The maximal conversion (27-36% of the chains) was obtained at 0.03-0.04% (v/v) octanol, after 2 h. The observed regiospecificity of the enzyme, which is located in the periplasmic space, could be due to penetration of the enzyme to a specific depth in the membrane as well as to specific molecular recognition of the substrate molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Heipieper
- Department of Bioconversion, ATO, Wageningen UR, The Netherlands.
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31
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de Swaaf ME, Grobben GJ, Eggink G, de Rijk TC, van der Meer P, Sijtsma L. Characterisation of extracellular polysaccharides produced by Crypthecodinium cohnii. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2001; 57:395-400. [PMID: 11759692 DOI: 10.1007/s002530100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The valuable polyunsaturated fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid, can be produced by cultivation of the heterotrophic microalga, Crypthecodinium cohnii. During batch growth of C. cohnii on glucose, sea salt and yeast extract for 5 days, so far unreported extracellular polysaccharides were produced. These caused an increased viscosity and a strong drop in the maximum oxygen transfer. The viscosity increased most markedly as cells entered the stationary phase. The polysaccharides varied in size (from 6 kDa to >1,660 kDa) and monomer distribution. A high molecular mass fraction (from 100 kDa to >1,660 kDa) and a medium molecular mass fraction (6-48 kDa) were prepared. The high molecular mass fraction contained (on a molar basis) 71.7% glucose, 13.1% galactose and 3.8% mannose, whereas the medium molecular mass fraction contained 37.7% glucose, 19.8% galactose and 28.1% mannose. Other monomers present in both fractions were fucose, uronic acid and xylose. Monomers were coupled mainly via alpha-(1-3) links. Increased viscosity due to polysaccharide production complicates the development of commercial, high cell-density processes for the production of docosahexaenoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E de Swaaf
- Agrotechnological Research Institute (ATO), Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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32
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Goldberg SH, van der Meer P, Hesselgesser J, Jaffer S, Kolson DL, Albright AV, González-Scarano F, Lavi E. CXCR3 expression in human central nervous system diseases. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2001; 27:127-38. [PMID: 11437993 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2990.2001.00312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The CXCR3 chemokine receptor, expressed on activated T lymphocytes, is seen within the central nervous system (CNS) in inflammatory conditions where a T-cell response is prominent. However, the distribution of CXCR3 in parenchymal CNS cells is unknown. Using a monoclonal antibody against CXCR3 and post-mortem tissue of patients with and without CNS pathology, we have determined its expression pattern. CXCR3 was found in subpopulations of cells morphologically consistent with astrocytes, particularly reactive astrocytes, and in cerebellar Purkinje cells. It was also detected in arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells, particularly in areas associated with atherosclerotic plaques. CXCR3-positive astrocytes were particularly prominent in the CNS of HIV-positive patients, in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), in ischaemic infarcts and in astrocytic neoplasms. Immunofluorescence studies of mixed adult primary glial cultures and fetal glial cultures also showed expression of CXCR3 in astrocytes. CXCR3 mRNA was detected in Purkinje cells by in situ hybridization with a CXCR3-specific probe. Thus, the predominant expression of CXCR3 in reactive astrocytes may indicate that it plays a role in the development of reactive gliosis in a variety of infectious, inflammatory, vascular and neoplastic processes in the CNS. The relationship between CXCR3 expression in astrocytes to its expression in Purkinje cells, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells is yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Goldberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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33
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van der Meer P, Ulrich AM, Gonźalez-Scarano F, Lavi E. Immunohistochemical analysis of CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR4 in the human brain: potential mechanisms for HIV dementia. Exp Mol Pathol 2000; 69:192-201. [PMID: 11115360 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.2000.2336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The CXC chemokine receptor CXCR4 was the first molecule identified as a coreceptor working in conjunction with CD4 to mediate cellular entry for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Since that original discovery, 11 other seven-mtransmembrane domain molecules, many of which are chemokine receptors, have been shown to facilitate HIV entry into cells. These include CCR5, CCR3, CCR2, CCR1, CCR8, CX3CR1, STRL33 (BONZO), GPR15 (BOB), GPR1, US28, and APJ. In studies done by this and other labs, CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR4 have been identified in CNS microglia and several laboratories, including ours, have shown that CXCR4 is expressed in neurons. Neuronal expression of CCR2, CCR3, and CCR5 has been less consistent. We performed a semiquantitative immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR4 in 23 regions of the brain and in two sections of the spinal cord. Hippocampal neurons were positive for CCR2, CCR3, and CXCR4, but not for CCR5. In other regions of the brain, neurons, and glial cells reacted with anti-CCR2, anti-CCR3, and anti-CXCR4 antibodies, whereas only glial cells (primarily microglia) were positive for CCR5. The areas of highest expression, however, seem to be subcortical regions and the limbic system. The limbic system plays a key role in memory, and the presence of CXCR4-which can bind the viral envelope protein gp120-min a subset of neurons from this system may play a role in the development of HIV-related dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P van der Meer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6100, USA
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van der Meer P, Pietersz R, Hinloopen B, Dekker W, Reesink H. Automated separation of whole blood in top and bottom bags into components using the Compomat G4. Vox Sang 2000; 76:90-9. [PMID: 10085525 DOI: 10.1159/000031027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Whole blood can be separated by hard spin centrifugation into layers of blood components according to their specific gravity. The aim was to develop a program for an automatic separator to subsequently express the various components into their respective satellite bags in top and bottom systems with the following requirements: a red cell concentrate with a low leukocyte and platelet contamination, a 'cell-free' plasma, and a buffy coat with a volume of about 50 ml with an acceptable loss of red cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Compomat G4 possesses an independently moving upper and lower press, to automatically express plasma or red cells to satellite bags of top and bottom systems. The influence of the extension of the lower press was studied by pooling and dividing two units of whole blood, and separating these units after centrifugation (2,960 g, 10 min) either with a program where the lower press was completely extended (program C), or with a program that left approximately 1 mm between the door and the lower press (program D). RESULTS The program (program D), where the lower press was not completely extended, yielded a buffy coat with a volume of 52+/-1 ml (mean +/- SD, n = 36), which contained >75% leukocytes and >90% platelets of the original whole blood unit, with a red cell loss in the buffy coat of 21+/-1 ml (10.8+/-0.8% of the original volume). The leukocyte content of the red cell concentrates was 775+/-379x10(6) per unit, whereas the plasma contained 3+/-3x10(6) leukocytes and 4+/-3x10(9) platelets per unit. The pooling experiment indicated that complete extension of the lower press (program C) resulted in a significantly higher leukocyte contamination of the red cell concentrate (788+/-431x10(6 ) vs. 658+/-419x10(6); n = 12; p = 0.03), while there was no difference in the yield of red cells or plasma. The buffy coat produced with program D contained significantly more leukocytes (2,242 +/-396x10(6) vs. 2,065+/-327x10(6), p = 0.005) and more platelets (96+/-14x10(9) vs. 92+/-17x10(9), p = 0.02) per unit than with program C, probably because buffy coat cells sticking to the container wall are not expressed to the red cell concentrate, and thus remain in the buffy coat bag. Therefore, program D met our specifications for blood products. CONCLUSIONS The Compomat G4 warrants reproducible separation of whole blood in top and bottom bags into red cells, buffy coat and plasma meeting our specifications.
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Rocchi G, Poldermans D, Bax JJ, Rambaldi R, Boersma E, Elhendy A, van der Meer P, Vletter W, Roelandt JR. Usefulness of the ejection fraction response to dobutamine infusion in predicting functional recovery after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Am J Cardiol 2000; 85:1440-4. [PMID: 10856389 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(00)00791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Quantification of dysfunctional but viable myocardium has high prognostic value for improvement of left ventricular (LV) function after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) can assess viable myocardium by segmental wall motion changes during stress. However, analysis of wall motion is subjective with only moderate interinstitutional agreement (70%) and frequently overestimates functional improvement after CABG. In contrast, calculation of ejection fraction (EF) is less subjective and allows a more precise quantification of global contractile reserve. The aim of the study was to compare the prognostic value of EF response and segmental wall motion changes during DSE for the prediction of LV functional recovery after CABG. Forty patients underwent DSE before CABG. EF responses were assessed at rest, low-dose dobutamine, and at peak stress using the biplane disk method. Wall motion was scored using a 16-segment 5-point model. Resting radionuclide ventriculography (RNV-LVEF), performed before and 8 +/- 2 months after CABG, was used as an independent reference. Five patients were excluded because of perioperative infarction or poor echo images. In 11 of 35 patients, RNV-LVEF recovered >5%. Improvement in EF during dobutamine infusion predicted RNV-LVEF recovery after CABG significantly better than segmental wall motion changes (72% vs 53%, p = 0.03). A biphasic EF response (i.e., improvement in > or =10% at low dose and subsequent worsening at peak stress) had the highest predictive value (80%) for late functional recovery. In conclusion, EF response to dobutamine infusion was superior to segmental wall motion changes in predicting RNV-LVEF recovery after CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rocchi
- Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- P van der Meer
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA
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37
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van Gelder T, Balk AH, Zondervan PE, Maat AW, Mochtar B, van der Meer P, Weimar W. C-reactive protein in the monitoring of acute rejection after heart transplantation. Transpl Int 1998; 11:361-4. [PMID: 9787412 DOI: 10.1007/s001470050158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Histological examination of endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is the main technique for rejection surveillance after heart transplantation. This technique is elaborate, inconvenient for the patient, and not without complications. We prospectively analyzed whether the measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein that quickly rises when there is inflammation, can serve as a marker for immunological quiescence and as an indicator for withholding EMB. During a 6-month period, CRP was measured in all patients referred for EMB as part of the routine follow-up after heart transplantation. Acute rejection in patients with a follow-up of more than 1 year was rare (1/76). In the majority of cases, EMB was taken within the 1-year post-transplantation (170/246 = 69%). In 71/170 biopsies (42%), CRP was < or = 1; in the other 99/170 (58%), CRP was > or = 2. When CRP was < or = 1, acute rejection was diagnosed in 12/70 cases (17%). In contrast, acute rejection was found in 28/99 cases (28%) with CRP > or = 2 (P = 0.1). Although CRP is elevated more often in the presence of acute rejection, its sensitivity does not allow CRP to replace the routine performance of EMB for monitoring rejection after heart transplantation. We did, however, find a prognostic significance with regard to the effect of rejection treatment: in all acute rejections with a CRP < or = 3 (n = 11), steroids were effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- T van Gelder
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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38
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van Gelder T, Baan CC, Balk AH, Knoop CJ, Holweg CT, van der Meer P, Mochtar B, Zondervan PE, Niesters HG, Weimar W. Blockade of the interleukin (IL)-2/IL-2 receptor pathway with a monoclonal anti-IL-2 receptor antibody (BT563) does not prevent the development of acute heart allograft rejection in humans. Transplantation 1998; 65:405-10. [PMID: 9484761 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199802150-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-interleukin (IL)-2 receptor (IL-2R) antibodies have been used as rejection prophylaxis after organ transplantation. Despite this induction treatment, acute rejections may occur. We wondered whether these rejections developed via the IL-2/IL-2R pathway. METHODS In a prospective trial using BT563, a murine IgG1 anti-IL-2R antibody, for rejection prophylaxis after heart transplantation, 20 patients were treated in combination with cyclosporine from the day of transplantation (group A). As a control group, 31 patients were also treated with BT563, but in these patients, cyclosporine treatment was initiated on day 3 (group B). RESULTS Three patients from group A and two patients from group B died in the first postoperative month (of causes not related to acute rejection) and were left out of the analysis of rejection incidence. Freedom from acute rejection at 1 week after transplantation in group A (14/17; 82%) was lower than in group B (16/29; 55%), although the difference did not reach statistical significance. There was no difference in either the number of acute rejection episodes at 12 weeks or the required rejection treatments between groups A and B. Infectious complications were evenly distributed in both groups. Immunohistochemistry showed that during acute rejection, in the presence of circulating BT563, IL-2R-bearing cells were present in only one of five rejection biopsies (20%), whereas these cells were often present (6/8, or 75%) in rejections occurring in the absence of BT563. The presence of BT563 was associated with a similar difference in the mRNA expression of IL-2 (2/5 vs. 6/8). CONCLUSIONS Apparently, despite adequate blockade of the IL-2/IL-2R pathway, patients may develop acute rejection, reflecting the redundancy of the cytokine network. The ever-present IL-15 may well be a candidate for overtaking the role of IL-2.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, CD/blood
- Cyclosporine/therapeutic use
- Drug Monitoring/methods
- Female
- Graft Rejection/immunology
- Graft Rejection/pathology
- Graft Rejection/prevention & control
- Heart Transplantation/immunology
- Heart Transplantation/pathology
- Humans
- Immunosuppression Therapy/methods
- Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
- Interleukin-15/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-2/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-2/physiology
- Interleukin-4/biosynthesis
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/physiology
- Tissue Donors
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Transplantation, Homologous
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Affiliation(s)
- T van Gelder
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Rotterdam Dijkzigt, The Netherlands
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Balk AH, Zondervan PE, van der Meer P, van Gelder T, Mochtar B, Simoons ML, Weimar W. Effect of adopting a new histological grading system of acute rejection after heart transplantation. Heart 1997; 78:603-7. [PMID: 9470880 PMCID: PMC1892331 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.78.6.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment policy of acute rejection after heart transplantation has been changed after adopting the ISHLT endomyocardial biopsy grading system in 1991. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of this policy change on clinical outcome after transplantation. METHODS The outcome of 147 patients who had a transplant before (early group, median follow up 96 months) and 114 patients who had a transplant after (late group, median follow up 41 months) the introduction of the ISHLT biopsy grading system was studied retrospectively. Initially "moderate rejection" according to Billingham's conventional criteria was treated. From January 1991 grade 3A and higher was considered to require intensification of immunosuppression. RESULTS There were some differences between the two groups: recipients (50 v 44 years) as well as donors (28 v 24 years) were older in the "late group" and more patients of this group received early anti-T cell prophylaxis (92% v 56%). Despite more extensive use of early prophylaxis more rejection episodes were diagnosed (2.4 v 1.4) and considerably more courses of rejection treatment were instituted in the late compared with the early group (3.2 v 1.5). There were no deaths because of rejection in the late group, however, more infections occurred within the first year (mean 1.8 v 1.4) and more non-skin malignancies within the first 41 months were diagnosed (8 of 57 v 6 of 147, 95% CIs of difference includes 0). The incidence of graft vascular disease in the late group has been comparable to the early group until now. CONCLUSION The interpretation of the ISHLT grading system resulted in lowering of the threshold for the diagnosis of rejection thereby increasing the number of rejections and subsequently the immunosuppressive load and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Balk
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Rotterdam-Dijkzigt, Netherlands
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40
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van Zanten J, Harmsen MC, van der Meer P, van der Bij W, van Son WJ, van der Giessen M, Prop J, de Leij L, The TH. Proliferative T cell responses to four human cytomegalovirus-specific proteins in healthy subjects and solid organ transplant recipients. J Infect Dis 1995; 172:879-82. [PMID: 7658088 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/172.3.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It is still poorly understood which of the cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced proteins are important for the host's cellular immunity during active infection and for establishing latency. To answer this question, in vitro proliferative T cell responses to four recombinant CMV proteins were compared and compared with responses to CMV-infected fibroblasts in immunocompetent healthy CMV-seropositive subjects and immunocompromised organ transplant recipients. The proteins studied were the lower matrix protein pp65 (ppUL83), the DNA-binding protein p52 (ppUL44), and the two immediate-early proteins IE1 (UL123) and IE2 (UL122). In healthy persons, pp65 was the most important protein with respect to its ability to induce a proliferative T cell response. In transplant recipients, severe suppression of the responses to these CMV proteins was found. This finding may be clinically relevant in view of the occurrence and course of CMV infection in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J van Zanten
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Groningen, Netherlands
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac injury, related to ischaemia and reperfusion, may be caused by the action of oxygen free radicals. Xanthine oxidoreductase activity may be an important free radical source. During cardiac ischaemia, the native dehydrogenase form may be converted to the oxidase form, which uses molecular oxygen to form superoxide radicals. Superoxide dismutase converts the radicals to H2O2, which is detoxified by catalase and glutathione peroxidase. In view of the large differences in xanthine oxidoreductase in various species, the activity of these antioxidant enzymes was investigated. METHODS Normal rodent and porcine as well as explanted human hearts were perfused according to Langendorff. After a 30 minute stabilisation period, hypoxanthine was added to the perfusion buffer to estimate xanthine oxidoreductase. Hearts or biopsies were freeze clamped after 90 minutes. Effluent xanthine and urate were assayed with high performance liquid chromatography; tissue reduced glutathione content and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were determined spectrophotometrically. Apparent xanthine oxidoreductase was calculated as xanthine +2 x urate production. RESULTS Xanthine oxidoreductase was (mU.g-1 protein, mean(SEM), n = 5-7): rat, 470(40); guinea pig, 270(41); pig < 1.5; and human, 5.4(1.0). Superoxide dismutase activities were (U.g-1 protein): rat, 13,370(1030); guinea pig, 10,100(1110); pig, 12,800(450); and human, 7400(450). Catalase activity (k < or = 10.g-1 protein) was low in all species studied. Glutathione peroxidase activity was 93(7) U.g-1 protein in rat heart, and 10 x lower in the other species. Glutathione reductase activity was (U.g-1 protein): rat, 15.0(1.6); guinea pig, 10.4(1.3); pig, 16.0(1.5); and human, 26.6(2.0). Tissue reduced glutathione concentrations were (mumol.g-1 protein): rat, 13.5(0.8); guinea pig, 18.5(0.9); pig, 11.1(2.9); and human 17.2(1.7). CONCLUSIONS Considerable species differences in xanthine oxidoreductase activity exist, contrasting with the smaller variations in antioxidant enzyme activities. In the species examined catalase activities were very low. Rat hearts are far better protected against H2O2 than the other three species. Xanthine oxidoreductase induced free-radical damage probably plays a minor role in pig and human hearts. Human myocardium seems less protected against superoxide radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janssen
- Cardiochemical Laboratory, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Tielens AG, Horemans AM, Dunnewijk R, van der Meer P, van den Bergh SG. The facultative anaerobic energy metabolism of Schistosoma mansoni sporocysts. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1992; 56:49-57. [PMID: 1475001 DOI: 10.1016/0166-6851(92)90153-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni miracidia in water are known to possess an aerobic energy metabolism, the Krebs cycle being the main terminal of the breakdown of endogenous glycogen reserves. The present study demonstrated that after in vitro transformation of miracidia into sporocysts, the organisms degraded glucose to lactate and carbon dioxide in a more anaerobic ratio than do miracidia. The occurrence of a large Pasteur effect demonstrated, however, that oxidative phosphorylation was still the major process used for energy generation. After 24 h in vitro cultivation the sporocysts had consumed more external glucose and their metabolism had shifted towards lactate production. Sporocysts could cope with inhibited respiration: they had a large anaerobic capacity and survived perfectly in the presence of cyanide, producing a large amount of succinate in addition to lactate. It was demonstrated that this succinate was largely produced via phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). This pathway, which is known to occur in most parasitic helminths, has never been demonstrated in schistosomes, not even in the miracidial stage immediately preceding the sporocysts. It was also shown that in sporocysts part of the lactate was not formed directly by glycolysis, but via a detour including fumarate and the action of PEPCK. The results demonstrated that S. mansoni sporocysts are facultative anaerobes, fully equipped to adjust their energy metabolism to the variable conditions inside their intermediate host, the snail. In the presence of oxygen, they derive most of their energy from the aerobic degradation of glucose to carbon dioxide, but under anaerobic conditions they switch towards lactate and succinate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Tielens
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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De Scheerder IK, Maas AA, Nieukoop AS, van der Meer P, Huizer T, Roelandt JR, de Jong JW. Cardiac ATP breakdown and mechanical function during recurrent periods of anoxia. Cardioscience 1992; 3:189-95. [PMID: 1420955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of repeated short anoxic or ischemic periods on ATP breakdown and cardiac function remains controversial. To analyze this issue further and to study the regulation of adenine nucleotide breakdown during recurrent cardiac anoxia, we compared two different protocols of intermittent anoxia. Four rat hearts, perfused according to Langendorff, were exposed to 12 periods of anoxia, each lasting 1 minute, with reoxygenation periods of 3 minutes (protocol A). A second group of 8 hearts were made anoxic for 6 periods of anoxia, each lasting 1 minute, followed by 6 periods of anoxia, each lasting 2 minutes, with the same reoxygenation periods (protocol B). Adenosine production was studied with high performance liquid chromatography, ventricular contraction was monitored using a force transducer. During anoxia a substantial vasodilation and immediate fall in strength of ventricular contraction occurred. They were most pronounced during the first anoxic period and during the change from 1 to 2 minute periods of anoxia. Adenosine production was about 1 nmol/min during the first 1-minute anoxic period, decreasing during the following 1-minute anoxic periods. During the first 2-minute anoxic period, a new and much higher adenosine peak was observed (6 nmol/min), decreasing during the following 2-minute anoxic periods. Total purine release followed a pattern similar to that of adenosine. The concentration of ATP at the end of protocol B was 18.5 mumol/g dry tissue, which is significantly lower than that in protocol A (21.6 mumol/g). The results show that ATP breakdown during intermittent anoxia gradually decreases, notwithstanding the presence of substantial amounts of ATP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Huizer T, van der Meer P, de Jong JW. Captopril inhibits angiotensin I-induced coronary flow reduction in isolated rat heart but has no effect on contractility or energy metabolism. Eur Heart J 1992; 13:109-14. [PMID: 1577017 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasoconstriction, caused by activation of the renin-angiotensin system contributes to myocardial damage during ischaemia; the converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, suppresses angiotensin formation. We investigated the effects of angiotensin I, angiotensin II, and captopril on coronary flow, function and energy metabolism before, during and after ischaemia in 59 Langendorff rat hearts. Angiotensin I (100 nM) and II (10 nM) caused reduction of coronary flow at constant perfusion pressure by 31% (P less than 0.005) and 27% (P less than 0.05), respectively. During reperfusion these compounds decreased flow by 30% (P less than 0.005) and 12% (P = 0.40), respectively. Captopril (0.4 mM) inhibited vasoconstriction caused by angiotensin I, but not by angiotensin II. The drug itself increased flow by 42% (P less than 0.005). We did not detect significant effects of angiotensin I, angiotensin II, or captopril on cardiac function or high-energy phosphate content. Developed tension in captopril-treated hearts tended to recover faster from ischaemia than controls, with concomitant lower ATP catabolism. We conclude that the isolated rat heart contains an active angiotensin-converting enzyme. Captopril, used at a concentration of 0.4 nM, blocks its activity. The drug has no significant effect on myocardial function or energy metabolism but increases coronary flow during normoxic perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Huizer
- Cardiochemical Laboratory, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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45
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Abstract
Accumulation of sodium-ions (Na+) in myocardial cells during both ischemia and calcium (Ca2+)-free perfusion has been suggested to play an important role in the damage occurring during subsequent reperfusion and calcium repletion, respectively. We have used 23Na NMR spectroscopy in combination with shift reagents to determine intracellular Na(+)-concentration [( Na+]i) in isolated rat hearts during either control perfusion followed by ischemia and reperfusion, or during control perfusion, Ca(2+)-free perfusion and subsequent ischemia. [Na+]i during control perfusion was found to be 10.5 +/- 0.6 mmol/l. During 30 min of ischemia [Na+]i rose substantially to 25.0 +/- 3.2 mmol/l. During 15 min of reperfusion [Na+]i initially decreased, but leveled off after approximately 3 min and was 17.9 +/- 3.7 mmol/l at the end of the reperfusion period. Most surprisingly, however, no significant increase of [Na+]i was observed during 30 min of Ca(2+)-free perfusion, although severe calcium paradox damage was shown to occur under the used conditions, when calcium was readmitted to the heart. The absence of a rise of [Na+]i during Ca(2+)-free perfusion was substantiated when during subsequent ischemia a similar rise of [Na+]i was observed as during ischemia without previous Ca(2+)-depletion. We conclude that an increased [Na+]i during Ca(2+)-depletion is not a prerequisite for the calcium paradox to occur, but that increased [Na+]i during ischemia may influence the subsequent reperfusion damage through Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J van Echteld
- Netherlands and Heart Lung Institute, University Hospital, Utrecht
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De Jong JW, van der Meer P, Huizer T, Serruys PW, Bos E, Roelandt JR. Does xanthine oxidase cause damage during myocardial ischemia? BRATISL MED J 1991; 92:41-7. [PMID: 2021865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase is the pathological form of xanthine oxidoreductase, which generates free oxygen radicals, when it converts (hypo)xanthine to urate. We studied 1. developmental changes in rat heart, 2. urate production in catheterized patients, and 3. species differences of cardiac xanthine oxidase. First, we measured the activity of the enzyme at various ages. In rat-heart homogenate, xanthine oxidoreductase increased from 0.5 mU/g (newborn) to 25 mU/g (15 weeks, P less than 0.001). In the second part of the study, we demonstrated that patients undergoing coronary angioplasty showed some cardiac urate production. In the last part of our investigations we showed that in explanted human hearts perfused with hypoxanthine, the enzymatic activity was low, contrasting findings in some other species. The apparent xanthine oxidoreductase activity (mU/g) was: 33 (mouse), 28 (rat), 14 (guinea pig), 0.59 (rabbit), less than 0.1 (pig), 0.31 (man) and 3.7 (cow). We conclude that in several species, cardiac damage due to xanthine oxidase cannot be excluded; however in man it is unlikely to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W De Jong
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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van der Meer P, Huizer T, de Jong JW. Effects of inosine and adenine on nucleotide levels in the post-ischemic rat heart, perfused with and without pyruvate. Cardioscience 1990; 1:241-6. [PMID: 2104191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reports on enhanced nucleotide regeneration by purines during reperfusion are conflicting. We have, therefore, evaluated the effects of inosine or adenine, administered after ischemia, on adenine nucleotide levels and function in isolated rat hearts. The hearts were perfused with a Tyrode solution, containing 10 mM D-glucose, with or without 5 mM pyruvate. After 15 minutes without flow, the hearts were reperfused for 45 minutes with 20 microM purine and 0.5 mM D-ribose. Adenine nucleotide levels tended to recover better in the purine-treated groups. The purines decreased the ATP/ADP ratio by 10-15% (p less than 0.05) if pyruvate was absent. The IMP level in the inosine/glucose group exceeded that in all other groups by a factor of two (p less than 0.001). Inosine increased the adenosine concentration in the effluent sixfold (p less than 0.005). The hypoxanthine concentration rose up to four times following adenine treatment (p less than 0.05). The administration of purine, with or without pyruvate, did not affect mechanical recovery, heart rate or coronary flow. We conclude that inosine and adenine failed to improve cardiac function and hardly affected nucleotide levels in the reperfused heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- P van der Meer
- Cardiochemical Laboratory, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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de Jong JW, van der Meer P, van Loon H, Owen P, Opie LH. Adenosine as adjunct to potassium cardioplegia: effect on function, energy metabolism, and electrophysiology. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1990; 100:445-54. [PMID: 2391980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is known to induce rapid cardioplegic arrest and to improve postischemic recovery in the isolated rat heart. Long exposures to high doses of adenosine impair postischemic recovery, however. In this paper we tested the combination of low-dose adenosine (1 mmol/L) with potassium (26 mmol/L), with the aim of achieving rapid arrest (as with high-dose adenosine) but eliminating the need for postarrest washout of adenosine. Cardioplegic solutions studied were (1) Krebs-Henseleit potassium (26 mmol/L) (K); (2) K plus adenosine (1 mmol/L) (KA); (3) K plus an adenosine deaminase inhibitor [erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine] (0.1 mmol/L) (KE); and as control (4) Krebs-Henseleit potassium (6 mmol/L) (C). We induced cardiac arrest in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts by infusing the cardioplegic solution for 3 minutes at 3 ml/min. Total ischemia lasted 20 minutes at 37 degrees C, followed by reperfusion for 30 minutes. High potassium decreased the arrest time from 260 +/- 16 seconds (group C, mean values +/- standard error of the mean) to 22 +/- 4 seconds (group K). A further decrease to 10 +/- 2 seconds was observed with KA (p = 0.016 versus K). KE, which increased endogenous adenosine, gave intermediate effects. All hearts recovered during reperfusion; the product of developed tension and heart rate (grams per minute) was superior in KA hearts (6250 +/- 740 versus K hearts 4380 +/- 390; p = 0.050). KE gave an intermediate result (5290 +/- 900), while C showed the worst recovery (3180 +/- 830). Our electrophysiologic studies with sinus node and atrial tissue suggest that adenosine induced hyperpolarization and an increase in potassium permeability, thereby arresting the sinus node before depolarization of the membrane by potassium (26 mmol/L). We conclude that low-dose adenosine as an adjunct to potassium shortens the arrest time in this model and improves postischemic recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W de Jong
- Cardiochemical Laboratory, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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de Jong JW, van der Meer P, Nieukoop AS, Huizer T, Stroeve RJ, Bos E. Xanthine oxidoreductase activity in perfused hearts of various species, including humans. Circ Res 1990; 67:770-3. [PMID: 2397579 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.67.3.770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen free radicals generated by xanthine oxidase have been implicated in cardiac damage. The activity of xanthine oxidase/reductase in adult rat heart is considerable. Its assay gives controversial results for other species, for example, rabbits and humans. Therefore, we perfused isolated hearts of various species, including explanted human hearts, to measure the conversion of exogenous hypoxanthine to xanthine and urate. We assayed these purines with high-performance liquid chromatography. The apparent xanthine oxidoreductase activities, calculated as release of xanthine plus 2x urate, were (milliunits per gram wet weight, mean +/- SEM) mice 33 +/- 3 (n = 5), rats 28.5 +/- 1.4 (n = 9), guinea pigs 14.4 +/- 1.0 (n = 5), rabbits 0.59 +/- 0.09 (n = 5), pigs less than 0.1 (n = 6), humans 0.31 +/- 0.04 (n = 7), and cows 3.7 +/- 0.8 (n = 4). In rabbit heart the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine was slow, and that of xanthine to urate was even slower. On the other hand, guinea pig and human heart released little xanthine, indicating that xanthine breakdown exceeds its formation. We conclude that isolated perfused mouse, rat, guinea pig, and also bovine hearts show considerable xanthine oxidoreductase activity, contrasting rabbit, porcine, and diseased human hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W de Jong
- Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Abstract
Reperfusion of an isolated heart with a calcium-containing solution after a short calcium-free perfusion may result in irreversible cell damage: the calcium paradox. In this investigation the effect of hypothermia during reperfusion with calcium-containing solution on the calcium paradox damage in the isolated rat heart was studied. In addition, the effect of pre-cooling the heart during the calcium-free period was investigated. Creatine kinase release was used to define cell damage. Normothermic (37 degrees C) calcium-free perfusion followed by normothermic reperfusion with calcium-containing solution resulted in a massive release of CK. When the normothermic calcium-free perfusion was followed by hypothermic (10 degrees C) calcium-containing reperfusion, CK release was reduced by 20% (P less than 0.005). This CK release during reperfusion was further reduced by 55% and 80% when the normothermic calcium-free perfusion was followed by 5 or 10 min respectively of hypothermic calcium-free perfusion prior to the hypothermic calcium-containing reperfusion. The results show that hypothermia during the period of calcium repletion retards the sequence of events which ultimately results in release of large amounts of intracellular components.
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