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Khalaf MA, Shehata AM. Trust in information sources as a moderator of the impact of COVID-19 anxiety and exposure to information on conspiracy thinking and misinformation beliefs: a multilevel study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:375. [PMID: 37936245 PMCID: PMC10631015 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the intricate relationship between exposure to information sources, trust in these sources, conspiracy and misinformation beliefs, and COVID-19 anxiety among 509 Omani citizens aged 11 to 50, representing 11 governorates. Employing structural equation modeling, we not only examine these associations but also explore how trust and COVID-19 anxiety act as moderating variables in this context. Additionally, we delve into demographic factors such as age group, educational level, gender, and place of residence (governorate) to discern potential variations.Our findings reveal that trust in health experts is inversely related to belief in conspiracy theories, while trust in health experts negatively correlates with exposure to conspiracy and misinformation. Intriguingly, trust in health experts exhibits divergent effects across governorates: it diminishes conspiracy and misinformation beliefs in some regions but not in others. Exposure to personal contacts and digital media, on the other hand, is associated with heightened beliefs in misinformation and conspiracy theories, respectively, in select governorates. These distinctions may be attributed to proximity to Muscat, the capital city of Oman, where various media outlets and policy-making institutions are situated. Furthermore, lower educational attainment is linked to greater belief in conspiracy and misinformation. Females reported higher levels of conspiracy theory beliefs and COVID-19 anxiety while no significant differences were detected in misinformation beliefs.This study sheds light on the intricate dynamics of misinformation and conspiracy theories in the context of COVID-19 in Oman, highlighting the pivotal roles of trust and COVID-19 anxiety as moderating factors. These findings offer valuable insights into understanding and addressing the spread of misinformation and conspiracy theories during a public health crisis.
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Branson RD, Rodriquez D. COVID-19 Lessons Learned: Response to the Anticipated Ventilator Shortage. Respir Care 2023; 68:129-150. [PMID: 36566030 PMCID: PMC9993519 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Early in the COVID-19 pandemic predictions of a worldwide ventilator shortage prompted a worldwide search for solutions. The impetus for the scramble for ventilators was spurred on by inaccurate and often unrealistic predictions of ventilator requirements. Initial efforts looked simply at acquiring as many ventilators as possible from national and international sources. Ventilators from the Strategic National Stockpile were distributed to early hotspots in the Northeast and Northwest United States. In a triumph of emotion over logic, well-intended experts from other industries turned their time, talent, and treasure toward making a ventilator for the first time. Interest in shared ventilation (more than one patient per ventilator) was ignited by an ill-advised video on social media that ignored the principles of gas delivery in deference to social media notoriety. With shared ventilation, a number of groups mistook a physiologic problem for a plumbing problem. The United States government invoked the Defense Production Act to push automotive manufacturers to partner with existing ventilator manufacturers to speed production. The FDA granted emergency use authorization for "splitters" to allow shared ventilation as well as for ventilators and ancillary equipment. Rationing of ventilators was discussed in the lay press and medical literature but was never necessary in the US. Finally, planners realized that staff with expertise in providing mechanical ventilation were the most important shortage. Over 200,000 ventilators were purchased by the United States government, states, cities, health systems, and individuals. Most had little value in caring for patients with COVID-19 ARDS. This paper attempts to look at where miscalculations were made, with an eye toward what we can do better in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Branson
- Division of Trauma/Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
| | - Dario Rodriquez
- Division of Trauma/Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Airman Biosciences Division, Airman Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio
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Wallace KS. Exploring How Vaccine Information is Communicated in NSW Public Libraries: A Study on Perceptions and Practice. JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24750158.2022.2135360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Stephanie Wallace
- Libraries Archives Records and Information Science (LARIS), Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Cardwell FS, Elliott SJ, Chin R, St Pierre Y, Choi MY, Urowitz MB, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Bernatsky S, Wallace DJ, Petri MA, Manzi S, Bae SC, Shin JM, Mak A, Cho J, Peschken CA, Ramsey-Goldman R, Fortin PR, Hanly JG, Pons-Estel BA, Nieto R, Askanase AD, Romero-Diaz J, Mosca M, Bruce IN, Rowbottom L, Mielczarek L, Tse K, Marion A, Cáhiz-González JC, Cattoni TG, Cornet A, Clarke AE. Health information use by patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pre and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lupus Sci Med 2022; 9:9/1/e000755. [PMID: 36283746 PMCID: PMC9606736 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2022-000755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted an international survey of patients with SLE to assess their access, preference and trust in various health information sources pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Patients with SLE were recruited from 18 observational cohorts, and patients self-reporting SLE were recruited through five advocacy organisations. Respondents completed an online survey from June 2020 to December 2021 regarding the sources of health information they accessed in the 12 months preceding (pre-11 March 2020) and during (post-11 March 2020) the pandemic. Multivariable logistic regressions assessed factors associated with accessing news and social media post-11 March 2020, and self-reporting negative impacts from health information accessed through these sources. RESULTS Surveys were completed by 2111 respondents; 92.8% were female, 76.6% had postsecondary education, mean (SD) age was 48.8 (14.0) years. Lupus specialists and family physicians were the most preferred sources pre-11 March 2020 and post-11 March 2020, yet were accessed less frequently (specialists: 78.5% pre vs 70.2% post, difference -8.3%, 95% CI -10.2% to -6.5%; family physicians: 57.1% pre vs 50.0% post, difference -7.1%, 95% CI -9.2% to -5.0%), while news (53.2% pre vs 62.1% post, difference 8.9%, 95% CI 6.7% to 11.0%) and social media (38.2% pre vs 40.6% post, difference 2.4%, 95% CI 0.7% to 4.2%) were accessed more frequently post-11 March 2020 vs pre-11 March 2020. 17.2% of respondents reported negative impacts from information accessed through news/social media. Those outside Canada, older respondents or with postsecondary education were more likely to access news media. Those in Asia, Latin America or younger respondents were more likely to access social media. Those in Asia, older respondents, males or with postsecondary education in Canada, Asia or the USA were less likely to be negatively impacted. CONCLUSIONS Physicians, the most preferred and trusted sources, were accessed less frequently, while news and social media, less trusted sources, were accessed more frequently post-11 March 2020 vs pre-11 March 2020. Increasing accessibility to physicians, in person and virtually, may help reduce the consequences of accessing misinformation/disinformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca S Cardwell
- Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan J Elliott
- Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ricky Chin
- Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yvan St Pierre
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - May Y Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Murray B Urowitz
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Kremblin Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Sasha Bernatsky
- Department of Medicine and Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel J Wallace
- Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California, USA
| | - Michelle A Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan Manzi
- Lupus Center of Excellence, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Shin
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Anselm Mak
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jiacai Cho
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christine A Peschken
- Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Paul R Fortin
- Medicine-Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - John G Hanly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Bernardo A Pons-Estel
- Rheumatology, Centro Regional de Enfermedades Autoinmunes y Reumáticas (CREAR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Romina Nieto
- Department of Rheumatology, Centro Regional de Enfermedades Autoinmunes y Reumáticas (CREAR), Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Juanita Romero-Diaz
- Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marta Mosca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian N Bruce
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leigha Rowbottom
- Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Karin Tse
- Lupus Foundation of America Inc, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ashley Marion
- Lupus Foundation of America Inc, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ann Elaine Clarke
- Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Florez N, Karmo M, Beltrán Ponce S, Barry MM, Henry E, Katz MS, Dizon DS, Hylton HM. Social Media and the Quest for Equity and Diversity in Oncology: On Safe Spaces and the Concept of the Public Physician. JCO Oncol Pract 2022; 18:572-577. [PMID: 35834761 PMCID: PMC9377696 DOI: 10.1200/op.21.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their increased enrollment into medical school, women still face systemic barriers in medicine, whether in an academic or nonacademic setting. Those from Under-Represented Minority (URM) groups face similar issues, which may affect their desire to enter, pursue, and/or maintain a career in medicine. Social media provides unique opportunities for peer-to-peer support among members of URM communities and for amplification of their voices calling for social justice-here defined as a redistribution of power and the quest for equity in access to opportunities, including access to mentorship, professional development, and timely promotion in academic rank. These issues are relevant to oncologists especially as we strive for diversity, equity, and inclusion and to ensure that our patients have equal access to care, regardless of their circumstances. In this article, we review current literature that highlights issues faced by women and historically URM groups in medicine, particularly in oncology. We also discuss the physician's role as a social justice advocate and the concept of the public physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjust Florez
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Maimah Karmo
- HEAL Center of Excellence, Tigerlily Foundation, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Sara Beltrán Ponce
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Maura M. Barry
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Lerner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Elizabeth Henry
- Department of Medicine, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Matthew S. Katz
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Lowell General Hospital, Lowell, MA
| | - Don S. Dizon
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Lifespan Cancer Institute, and Legoretta Cancer Center at Brown University, Providence, RI
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Leigh JP, Brundin-Mather R, Soo A, FitzGerald E, Mizen S, Dodds A, Ahmed S, Burns KEA, Plotnikoff KM, Rochwerg B, Perry JJ, Benham JL, Honarmand K, Hu J, Lang R, Stelfox HT, Fiest K. Public perceptions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: a demographic analysis of self-reported beliefs, behaviors, and information acquisition. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:699. [PMID: 35397530 PMCID: PMC8994420 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
We explored associations between sociodemographic factors and public beliefs, behaviors, and information acquisition related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to identify how the experiences of subpopulations in Canada may vary.
Methods
We administered a national online survey through Ipsos Incorporated to adults residing in Canada. Sampling was stratified by population age, sex, and regional distributions. We used descriptive statistics to summarize responses and test for differences based on gender, age, educational attainment, and household income using chi-squared tests, followed by weighted logistic regression.
Results
We collected 1996 eligible questionnaires between April 26th and May 1st, 2020. Respondents mean age was 50 years, 51% were women, 56% had a post-secondary degree, and 72% had a household income <$100,000. Our analysis found differences within the four demographic groups, with age effects most acutely evidenced. Respondents 65 years and older were more likely to perceive the pandemic as very serious, less likely to report declines in overall health, and more likely to intend to get vaccinated, compared to 18–29 year olds. Women overall were more likely to report negative outcomes than men, including stress due to the pandemic, and worsening social, mental/emotional, and spiritual health. Respondents 45 and older were more likely to seek and trust information from traditional Canadian news sources, while 18-29 year olds were more likely to seek and trust information on social media; overall, women and respondents with a post-secondary degree were more likely to access and trust online information from public health sites.
Conclusion
This study found important demographic differences in how adults living in Canada perceived the COVID-19 pandemic, the impacts on their health, and their preferences for information acquisition. Our results highlight the need to consider demographic characteristics in tailoring the format and information medium to improve large scale acceptance and uptake of mitigation and containment measures.
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Identifying Social Media Competencies for Health Professionals: An International Modified Delphi Study to Determine Consensus for Curricular Design. Ann Emerg Med 2022; 79:560-567. [PMID: 35339286 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE The use of social media by health professionals is widespread. However, there is a lack of training to support the effective use of these novel platforms that account for the nuances of an effective health and research communication. We sought to identify the competencies needed by health care professionals to develop an effective social media presence as a medical professional, with the goal of building a social media curriculum. METHODS We conducted a modified Delphi study, utilizing Kraiger's Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes framework to identify appropriate items for inclusion in a social media curriculum targeted at health care professionals. Experts in this space were defined as health care professionals who had delivered workshops, published papers, or developed prominent social media tools/accounts. They were recruited through a multimodal campaign to complete a series of 3 survey rounds designed to build consensus. In keeping with prior studies, a threshold of 80% endorsement was used for inclusion in the final list of items. RESULTS Ninety-eight participants met the expert criteria and were invited to participate in the study. Of the 98 participants, 92 (94%) experts completed the first round; of the 92 experts who completed the first round, 83 (90%) completed the second round; and of the 83 experts who completed the second round, 81 (98%) completed the third round of the Delphi study. Eighteen new items were suggested in the first survey and incorporated into the study. A total of 46 items met the 80% inclusion threshold. CONCLUSION We identified 46 items that were believed to be important for health care professionals using social media. This list should inform the development of curricular activities and objectives.
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Kothari A, Walker K, Burns K. #CoronaVirus and public health: the role of social media in sharing health information. ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/oir-03-2021-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how factual information and misinformation are being shared on Twitter by identifying types of social media users who initiate the information diffusion process.Design/methodology/approach This study used a mixed methodology approach to analyze tweets with COVID-19-related hashtags. First, a social network analysis was conducted to identify social media users who initiate the information diffusion process, followed by a quantitative content analysis of tweets by users with more than 5K retweets to identify what COVID-19 claims, factual information, misinformation and disinformation was shared on Twitter.Findings Results found very little misinformation and disinformation distributed widely. While health experts and journalists shared factual COVID-19-related information, they were not receiving optimum engagement. Tweets by citizens focusing on personal experience or opinions received more retweets and likes compared to any other sender type. Similarly, celebrities received more replies than any other sender type.Practical implications This study helps medical experts and government agencies understand the type of COVID-19 content and communication being shared on social media for population health purposes.Originality/value This study offers insight into how social media users engage with COVID-19-related information on Twitter and offers a typology of categories of information shared about the pandemic.Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-03-2021-0143/.
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Wang V, Liu SE, Fuller R, Cheng CI, Ragina N. Discerning Fact From Fiction: An Assessment of Coronavirus-19 Misinformation Among Patients in Rural Michigan. Cureus 2022; 14:e21710. [PMID: 35242476 PMCID: PMC8884155 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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The need for a holistic approach toward pandemic control: lessons from a cross-sectional study on COVID-19 in Meghalaya, India. J Public Health Policy 2022; 43:515-529. [PMID: 36376454 PMCID: PMC9661453 DOI: 10.1057/s41271-022-00380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey of 416 participants from Meghalaya, India to assess knowledge, perceptions, and practices toward recommended COVID-19 preventive measures, and to explore health-seeking behavior and stigma during early phase of the pandemic. Most participants had knowledge of the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 (94%) and its spread (96%), and reported positive behavior change such as handwashing ≥ 6 times/day (41% pre-COVID-19 vs. 81% during COVID-19, P < 0.001), sneezing or coughing into sleeves (65% pre-COVID-19 vs. 89% during COVID-19, P < 0.001) and staying home if having flu-like symptoms (44% pre-COVID-19 vs. 94% during COVID-19, P < 0.001). We found delayed healthcare seeking for non-COVID-19 illnesses (16%). Fear of losing life was reported by 26% participants, as was discrimination toward migrant returnees, with 35% blaming returnees for the spread of COVID-19. We highlight the need for a holistic approach toward pandemic control, including social and mental health interventions, in public health strategies.
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Purvis RS, Willis DE, Moore R, Bogulski C, McElfish PA. Perceptions of adult Arkansans regarding trusted sources of information about the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2306. [PMID: 34930208 PMCID: PMC8685165 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United States leads the world in confirmed COVID-19 cases; Arkansas ranks fifth in average daily cases per 100,000. Historically, Americans relied on health communications from governmental sources and the news media. However, there has been a documented decline of trust in these sources. The present study seeks to understand trusted sources of information about COVID-19 to improve health messaging because research shows the level of trust is associated with adherence to recommendations. METHODS Data were collected using an online survey from participants (N = 1221) who were 18 years of age or older and residing, employed, or accessing health care in Arkansas. A qualitative descriptive design was used to summarize participants' experiences and perceptions related to trusted sources of COVID-19 information. RESULTS Two primary themes related to participants' perceptions of sources of information about COVID-19 are reported: 1) trusted sources of information and 2) distrust or lack of trust in sources of information. Several subthemes emerged within each primary theme. Results showed high trust in the academic medical center, federal and state public health agencies, and local health care providers. The study also documents diverging voices of distrust and uncertainty in making sense of contradictory information. Participants reported the main reason for their lack of trust was the rapidly changing information and the lack of consistency in information provided across sources. CONCLUSIONS This finding provides insight into the importance of coordination between national, state, and local communications to bolster trust. Personal recommendations and testimonies from trusted health care providers and professionals could inform public health messaging interventions to increase vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Purvis
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA
| | - Don E Willis
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA
| | - Ramey Moore
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA
| | - Cari Bogulski
- Office of Community Health and Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA
| | - Pearl A McElfish
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Avenue, Fayetteville, AR, 72703, USA.
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Chan TM, Ruan B, Lu D, Lee M, Yilmaz Y. Systems to support scholarly social media: a qualitative exploration of enablers and barriers to new scholarship in academic medicine. CANADIAN MEDICAL EDUCATION JOURNAL 2021; 12:14-27. [PMID: 35003427 PMCID: PMC8740247 DOI: 10.36834/cmej.72490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As academia begins to incorporate modern communication technologies into its scholarly structures, there are both enablers and barriers which foster academics' uptake of these innovations. Those who are early adopters of academic social media - whether it be for education, research-related networking, or knowledge translation - may therefore be best positioned to highlight both enablers and barriers within their work environments. METHODS The authors conducted a constructivist grounded theory study to discern what prominent practitioners of academic social media (e.g. Twitter) have encountered in their careers. Participants were recruited via a snowball sampling technique and invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. Three investigators engaged in constant comparative analysis of incoming transcripts. To enhance rigour, we conducted an audit of the analysis and a participant member check. RESULTS Seventeen emerging influencers in the field of academic social media were recruited. After axial coding, the 30 enablers and 21 barriers to academic social media use were mapped to three spheres of influence: personal, institutional, and virtual. The investigators propose a framework that organizes these enablers and barriers around a tipping point where sustainability becomes possible. CONCLUSIONS Multiple enablers and barriers were described to influence social media users within academic medicine. By organizing these facets into a personal, institutional, and virtual framework along a spectrum, we can begin to understand the underlying structures that potentiate the academic ecosystems in which social media and similar innovations may flourish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Lu
- University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mark Lee
- McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yusuf Yilmaz
- McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir Turkey
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Mathews CJ, McGuire L, Joy A, Law F, Winterbottom M, Rutland A, Drews M, Hoffman AJ, Mulvey KL, Hartstone-Rose A. Assessing adolescents' critical health literacy: How is trust in government leadership associated with knowledge of COVID-19? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259523. [PMID: 34818322 PMCID: PMC8612506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored relations between COVID-19 news source, trust in COVID-19 information source, and COVID-19 health literacy in 194 STEM-oriented adolescents and young adults from the US and the UK. Analyses suggest that adolescents use both traditional news (e.g., TV or newspapers) and social media news to acquire information about COVID-19 and have average levels of COVID-19 health literacy. Hierarchical linear regression analyses suggest that the association between traditional news media and COVID-19 health literacy depends on participants’ level of trust in their government leader. For youth in both the US and the UK who used traditional media for information about COVID-19 and who have higher trust in their respective government leader (i.e., former US President Donald Trump and UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson) had lower COVID-19 health literacy. Results highlight how youth are learning about the pandemic and the importance of not only considering their information source, but also their levels of trust in their government leaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Channing J. Mathews
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Luke McGuire
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Angelina Joy
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Fidelia Law
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Winterbottom
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Rutland
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Drews
- EdVenture, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam J. Hoffman
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Kelly Lynn Mulvey
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam Hartstone-Rose
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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Nshakira-Rukundo E, Whitehead A. Changing perceptions about COVID-19 risk and adherence to preventive strategies in Uganda: Evidence from an online mixed-methods survey. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021; 14:e01049. [PMID: 34805650 PMCID: PMC8592851 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic started, countries have enacted a series of non-clinical preventive mechanisms aimed at slowing the rate of spread. However, these mechanisms can be effective only when they are correctly followed and only when individuals believe the risk of COVID-19 is high enough to warrant following them. As risk perceptions decline, individuals are more likely to relax following preventive measures and the rate of spread might increase. This study assesses the determinants of changes in perceptions of COVID-19 risk and the determinants of adherence to preventive measures in Uganda. Logistic regression results show that age, access to information and being supportive of preventive measures strongly predicts keeping higher risk perceptions and adhering to preventive actions. Qualitative results show that risk perceptions are also influenced by economic stress, citizens’ level of confidence in the government, local political climate and the extent of proliferation of misinformation about COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nshakira-Rukundo
- Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn, Nußallee 19-21, Bonn 53117, Germany.,Apata Insights, Kampala Uganda
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15
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Clinical trials in COVID-19 management & prevention: A meta-epidemiological study examining methodological quality. J Clin Epidemiol 2021; 139:68-79. [PMID: 34274489 PMCID: PMC8280397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics of Covid-19 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and examine the association between trial characteristics and the likelihood of finding a significant effect. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a systematic review to identify RCTs (up to October 21, 2020) evaluating drugs or blood products to treat or prevent Covid-19. We extracted trial characteristics (number of centers, funding sources, and sample size) and assessed risk of bias (RoB) using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. We performed logistic regressions to evaluate the association between RoB due to randomization, single vs. multicentre, funding source, and sample size, and finding a statistically significant effect. RESULTS We included 91 RCTs (n = 46,802); 40 (44%) were single-center, 23 (25.3%) enrolled <50 patients, 28 (30.8%) received industry funding, and 75 (82.4%) had high or probably high RoB. Thirty-eight trials (41.8%) reported a statistically significant effect. RoB due to randomization and being a single-center trial were associated with increased odds of finding a statistically significant effect. CONCLUSIONS There is high variability in RoB among Covid-19 trials. Researchers, funders, and knowledge-users should be cognizant of the impact of RoB due to randomization and single-center trial status in designing, evaluating, and interpreting the results of RCTs. REGISTRATION CRD42020192095.
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16
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW If developed using rigorous methods and produced in a timely manner, clinical practice guidelines have the potential to improve patient outcomes. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the challenges involved in generating reliable clinical guidance, it has also provided an opportunity to address these challenges. RECENT FINDINGS New research addressing drugs for COVID-19 is being produced at unprecedented rates. Incorporating this new knowledge into patient care can be daunting for the average clinician. In collaboration with the BMJ and MAGIC, the WHO has developed a living guideline initiative with the goal of providing rapid and trustworthy clinical guidance in response to practice-changing evidence. As new evidence becomes available, it is incorporated into a living network meta-analysis that informs these guidelines, which are iteratively updated. Until this point, the group has generated guidelines addressing the use of corticosteroids, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, and ivermectin for COVID-19. SUMMARY We provide an example of how rapid and rigorous guidelines can be accomplished, even in the setting of a pandemic, capitalizing on expertise, large and dedicated teams, and focused scope. We highlight the benefits of multifaceted knowledge dissemination through multiple formats to ensure global dissemination and in order to maximize impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Rochwerg
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leticia Kawano-Dourado
- HCor Research Institute, Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil
- INSERM 1152, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nida Qadir
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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17
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Hatami H, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Malekpour MR, Kolahi AA. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Safety Practices About COVID-19 Among High School Students in Iran During the First Wave of the Pandemic. Front Public Health 2021; 9:680514. [PMID: 34422743 PMCID: PMC8371395 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.680514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: School closures have inevitably deprived students of their traditional source of information. The objective of this study was to determine knowledge, attitudes, and safety practices about COVID-19 among high school students in Iran. Methods: This study was conducted from March 24th-April 3rd, 2020. Data were collected via an online-parent-administrative questionnaire. Results: Responses of 704 students were analyzed. Students' mean (SD) knowledge score was 21.5 (4.6) of 30. More than 90% of students knew about the cause of the disease, the routes of transmission, and the most renowned symptoms: dyspnea and cough. Social-and- audiovisual-media were the leading information source. Most students believed that people need to keep safe physical distancing, everyone should isolate themselves upon symptoms onset, people should avoid unnecessary in-person contact with family and friends, and that cities need to go under lockdowns if needed. Students' mean (SD) practice score was 20.2 (2.5) of 24. Most students did not go on a trip, and more than 80% said they would wear facemasks when going outside. Conclusions: High school students' knowledge and safety practices about COVID-19 were somewhat satisfactory, and their attitudes toward the disease were mainly positive. Nevertheless, some witnessed knowledge gaps, negative attitudes, and unsafe practices in the study highlighted the need for targeted education on the pandemic. Social and mass media's significant role and potential could be utilized to battle misinformation and deliver proper knowledge to young adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hatami
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety and Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Malekpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Asghar Kolahi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Osuchowski MF, Winkler MS, Skirecki T, Cajander S, Shankar-Hari M, Lachmann G, Monneret G, Venet F, Bauer M, Brunkhorst FM, Weis S, Garcia-Salido A, Kox M, Cavaillon JM, Uhle F, Weigand MA, Flohé SB, Wiersinga WJ, Almansa R, de la Fuente A, Martin-Loeches I, Meisel C, Spinetti T, Schefold JC, Cilloniz C, Torres A, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Ferrer R, Girardis M, Cossarizza A, Netea MG, van der Poll T, Bermejo-Martín JF, Rubio I. The COVID-19 puzzle: deciphering pathophysiology and phenotypes of a new disease entity. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2021; 9:622-642. [PMID: 33965003 PMCID: PMC8102044 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 continues to spread worldwide, with devastating consequences. While the medical community has gained insight into the epidemiology of COVID-19, important questions remain about the clinical complexities and underlying mechanisms of disease phenotypes. Severe COVID-19 most commonly involves respiratory manifestations, although other systems are also affected, and acute disease is often followed by protracted complications. Such complex manifestations suggest that SARS-CoV-2 dysregulates the host response, triggering wide-ranging immuno-inflammatory, thrombotic, and parenchymal derangements. We review the intricacies of COVID-19 pathophysiology, its various phenotypes, and the anti-SARS-CoV-2 host response at the humoral and cellular levels. Some similarities exist between COVID-19 and respiratory failure of other origins, but evidence for many distinctive mechanistic features indicates that COVID-19 constitutes a new disease entity, with emerging data suggesting involvement of an endotheliopathy-centred pathophysiology. Further research, combining basic and clinical studies, is needed to advance understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and to characterise immuno-inflammatory derangements across the range of phenotypes to enable optimum care for patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin F Osuchowski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin S Winkler
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tomasz Skirecki
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sara Cajander
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Manu Shankar-Hari
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, ICU support offices, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK; School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Gunnar Lachmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM/CVK), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology Laboratory, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France; Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Equipe d'Accueil 7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - bioMérieux - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Fabienne Venet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology Laboratory, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France; Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Equipe d'Accueil 7426, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - bioMérieux - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank M Brunkhorst
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany; Center for Clinical Studies, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany; Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Alberto Garcia-Salido
- Pediatric Critical Care Unit, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthijs Kox
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Florian Uhle
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus A Weigand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie B Flohé
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - W Joost Wiersinga
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Raquel Almansa
- Group for Biomedical Research in Sepsis, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda de la Fuente
- Group for Biomedical Research in Sepsis, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ignacio Martin-Loeches
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christian Meisel
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thibaud Spinetti
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joerg C Schefold
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Catia Cilloniz
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, ICREA, CIBERESUCICOVID, Spain
| | - Antoni Torres
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, ICREA, CIBERESUCICOVID, Spain; SGR 911-ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ricard Ferrer
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Intensive Care Department and Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Massimo Girardis
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Human Genomics Laboratory, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania; Department for Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jesús F Bermejo-Martín
- Group for Biomedical Research in Sepsis, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rubio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
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19
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Kaul V, Gallo de Moraes A, Khateeb D, Greenstein Y, Winter G, Chae J, Stewart NH, Qadir N, Dangayach NS. Medical Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Chest 2021; 159:1949-1960. [PMID: 33385380 PMCID: PMC7772576 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
All aspects of medical education were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Several challenges were experienced by trainees and programs alike, including economic repercussions of the pandemic; social distancing affecting the delivery of medical education, testing, and interviewing; the surge of patients affecting redeployment of personnel and potential compromises in core training; and the overall impact on the wellness and mental health of trainees and educators. The ability of medical teams and researchers to peer review, conduct clinical research, and keep up with literature was similarly challenged by the rapid growth in peer-reviewed and preprint literature. This article reviews these challenges and shares strategies that institutions, educators, and learners adopted, adapted, and developed to provide quality education during these unprecedented times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Kaul
- Crouse Health/Upstate Medical University.
| | | | | | | | | | - JuneMee Chae
- Mayo Clinic Health System-Franciscan Healthcare at La Crosse
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20
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Ojo A, Guntuku SC, Zheng M, Beidas RS, Ranney ML. How Health Care Workers Wield Influence Through Twitter Hashtags: Retrospective Cross-sectional Study of the Gun Violence and COVID-19 Public Health Crises. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e24562. [PMID: 33315578 PMCID: PMC7790125 DOI: 10.2196/24562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twitter has emerged as a novel way for physicians to share ideas and advocate for policy change. #ThisIsOurLane (firearm injury) and #GetUsPPE (COVID-19) are examples of nationwide health care-led Twitter campaigns that went viral. Health care-initiated Twitter hashtags regarding major public health topics have gained national attention, but their content has not been systematically examined. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that Twitter discourse on two epidemics (firearm injury and COVID-19) would differ between tweets with health care-initiated hashtags (#ThisIsOurLane and #GetUsPPE) versus those with non-health care-initiated hashtags (#GunViolence and #COVID19). METHODS Using natural language processing, we compared content, affect, and authorship of a random 1% of tweets using #ThisIsOurLane (Nov 2018-Oct 2019) and #GetUsPPE (March-May 2020), compared to #GunViolence and #COVID19 tweets, respectively. We extracted the relative frequency of single words and phrases and created two sets of features: (1) an open-vocabulary feature set to create 50 data-driven-determined word clusters to evaluate the content of tweets; and (2) a closed-vocabulary feature for psycholinguistic categorization among case and comparator tweets. In accordance with conventional linguistic analysis, we used a P<.001, after adjusting for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction, to identify potentially meaningful correlations between language features and outcomes. RESULTS In total, 67% (n=4828) of #ThisIsOurLane tweets and 36.6% (n=7907) of #GetUsPPE tweets were authored by health care professionals, compared to 16% (n=1152) of #GunViolence and 9.8% (n=2117) of #COVID19 tweets. Tweets using #ThisIsOurLane and #GetUsPPE were more likely to contain health care-specific language; more language denoting positive emotions, affiliation, and group identity; and more action-oriented content compared to tweets with #GunViolence or #COVID19, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Tweets with health care-led hashtags expressed more positivity and more action-oriented language than the comparison hashtags. As social media is increasingly used for news discourse, public education, and grassroots organizing, the public health community can take advantage of social media's broad reach to amplify truthful, actionable messages around public health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharath Chandra Guntuku
- Penn Medicine Center for Digital Health, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Margaret Zheng
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rinad S Beidas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Megan L Ranney
- Brown-Lifespan Center for Digital Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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21
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Lu D, Ruan B, Lee M, Yilmaz Y, Chan TM. Good practices in harnessing social media for scholarly discourse, knowledge translation, and education. PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 10:23-32. [PMID: 32820414 PMCID: PMC7439800 DOI: 10.1007/s40037-020-00613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There still remains a gap between those who conduct science and those who engage in educating others about health sciences through various forms of social media. Few empirical studies have sought to define useful practices for engaging in social media for academic use in the health professions. Given the increasing importance of these platforms, we sought to define good practices and potential pitfalls with help of those respected for their work in this new field. METHODS We conducted a qualitative study, guided by constructivist grounded theory principles, of 17 emerging experts in the field of academic social media. We engaged in a snowball sampling technique and conducted a series of semi-structured interviews. The analytic team consisted of a diverse group of researchers with a range of experience in social media. RESULTS Understanding the strengths of various platforms was deemed to be of critical importance across all the participants. Key to building online engagement were the following: 1) Culture-building strategies; 2) Tailoring the message; 3) Responsiveness; and 4) Heeding rules of online engagement. Several points of caution were noted within our participants' interviews. These were grouped into caveat emptor and the need for critical appraisal, and common pitfalls when broadcasting one's self. DISCUSSION Our participants were able to share a number of key practices that are central to developing and sharing educational content via social media. The findings from the study may guide future practitioners seeking to enter the space. These good practices support professionals for effective engagement and knowledge translation without being harmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brandon Ruan
- McMaster Education Research, Innovation, and Theory (MERIT) unit, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Lee
- McMaster Education Research, Innovation, and Theory (MERIT) unit, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yusuf Yilmaz
- McMaster Education Research, Innovation, and Theory (MERIT) unit, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
- Program for Faculty Development, Office of Continuing Professional Development for the Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teresa M Chan
- McMaster Education Research, Innovation, and Theory (MERIT) unit, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
- Program for Faculty Development, Office of Continuing Professional Development for the Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Education & Innovation and Division of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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22
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Lee JJ, Kang KA, Wang MP, Zhao SZ, Wong JYH, O'Connor S, Yang SC, Shin S. Associations Between COVID-19 Misinformation Exposure and Belief With COVID-19 Knowledge and Preventive Behaviors: Cross-Sectional Online Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e22205. [PMID: 33048825 PMCID: PMC7669362 DOI: 10.2196/22205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online misinformation proliferation during the COVID-19 pandemic has become a major public health concern. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 misinformation exposure and beliefs, associated factors including psychological distress with misinformation exposure, and the associations between COVID-19 knowledge and number of preventive behaviors. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 1049 South Korean adults in April 2020. Respondents were asked about receiving COVID-19 misinformation using 12 items identified by the World Health Organization. Logistic regression was used to compute adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for the association of receiving misinformation with sociodemographic characteristics, source of information, COVID-19 misinformation belief, and psychological distress, as well as the associations of COVID-19 misinformation belief with COVID-19 knowledge and the number of COVID-19 preventive behaviors among those who received the misinformation. All data were weighted according to the Korea census data in 2018. RESULTS Overall, 67.78% (n=711) of respondents reported exposure to at least one COVID-19 misinformation item. Misinformation exposure was associated with younger age, higher education levels, and lower income. Sources of information associated with misinformation exposure were social networking services (aOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.20-2.32) and instant messaging (aOR 1.79, 1.27-2.51). Misinformation exposure was also associated with psychological distress including anxiety (aOR 1.80, 1.24-2.61), depressive (aOR 1.47, 1.09-2.00), and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (aOR 1.97, 1.42-2.73), as well as misinformation belief (aOR 7.33, 5.17-10.38). Misinformation belief was associated with poorer COVID-19 knowledge (high: aOR 0.62, 0.45-0.84) and fewer preventive behaviors (≥7 behaviors: aOR 0.54, 0.39-0.74). CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 misinformation exposure was associated with misinformation belief, while misinformation belief was associated with fewer preventive behaviors. Given the potential of misinformation to undermine global efforts in COVID-19 disease control, up-to-date public health strategies are required to counter the proliferation of misinformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Jae Lee
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Kyung-Ah Kang
- College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Ping Wang
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Sheng Zhi Zhao
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Janet Yuen Ha Wong
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Siobhan O'Connor
- School of Health in Social Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sook Ching Yang
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Sunhwa Shin
- College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Carroll CL, Szakmany T, Dangayach NS, DePriest A, Duprey MS, Kaul V, Kleinpell R, Tegtmeyer K, Kudchadkar SR. Growth of the Digital Footprint of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Annual Congress: 2014-2020. Crit Care Explor 2020; 2:e0252. [PMID: 33205047 PMCID: PMC7665246 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2014, the Society of Critical Care Medicine has encouraged "live-tweeting" through the use of specific hashtags at each annual Critical Care Congress. We describe how the digital footprint of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Congress on Twitter has evolved at a time when social media use at conferences is becoming increasingly popular. DESIGN We used Symplur Signals (Symplur LLC, Pasadena, CA) to track all tweets containing the Society of Critical Care Medicine Congress hashtag for each annual meeting between 2014 and 2020. We collected data on the number of tweets, tweet characteristics, and impressions (i.e., potential views) for each year and data on the characteristics of the top 100 most actively tweeting users of that Congress. SETTING Twitter. SUBJECTS Users tweeting with the Critical Care Congress hashtag. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The Critical Care Congress digital footprint grew substantially from 2014 to 2020. The 2014 Critical Care Congress included 1,629 tweets by 266 users, compared with 29,657 tweets by 3,551 participants in 2020; average hourly tweets increased from 9.7 to 177. The percentage of tweets with mentions of other users and tweets with visual media increased. Users attending the conference were significantly more likely to compose original tweets, whereas those tweeting from afar were more likely to retweet Critical Care Congress content. There was a yearly increase in content-specific hashtags used in conjunction with Critical Care Congress hashtags (n = 429 in 2014 to n = 22,272 in 2020), most commonly related to pediatrics (18% of all hashtags), mobility/rehab (9%), sepsis (7%) social media (6%), and ICU burnout (1%). CONCLUSIONS There has been significant growth in live-tweeting at the Critical Care Congress, along with the increased use of content-specific hashtags and visual media. This digital footprint is largely driven by a proportion of highly engaged users. As medical conferences transition to completely or partially online platforms, understanding of the digital footprint is crucial for success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamas Szakmany
- Critical Care Directorate, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, Gwent, United Kingdom
- Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Matthew S Duprey
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Viren Kaul
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Crouse Health/SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | | | - Ken Tegtmeyer
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sapna R Kudchadkar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Pediatrics, and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Köktürk N, İtil BO, Altınışık G, Adıgüzel N, Akgün M, Akyıldız L, Altın S, Arıkan H, Ateş G, Ay P, Aykaç N, Babayiğit C, Bostan P, Cinel G, Çalışır HC, Çelik P, Çetinkaya PD, Dağlı E, Demir AU, Demir C, Dikensoy Ö, Edis EÇ, Elbek O, Erdinç M, Ergan B, Eyüboğlu AFÖ, Gemicioğlu B, Göksel T, Gülhan E, Gültekin Ö, Gürkan CG, Gürgün A, Havlucu Y, Başoğlu OK, Karakurt S, Karakurt Z, Kılınç O, Kocabaş A, Kul S, Müsellim B, Naycı S, Özkan M, Pınarer Ö, Saltürk C, Sandal A, Sayıner A, Şen E, Şimşek GÖ, Karadağ BT, Akyıl FT, Töreyin ZN, Uçan ES, Küçük FÇU, Varol A, Yasin Y, Yıldız T, Yorgancıoğlu AA, Bayram H. COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. Turk Thorac J 2020; 21:419-432. [PMID: 33352098 PMCID: PMC7752113 DOI: 10.5152/turkthoracj.2020.20174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been more than 3 months now since the first case of COVID-19 was reported in Turkey. Globally, the number of confirmed cases and deaths reached 9,653,048 and 491,128 respectively, as reported by 216 countries by June 27, 2020. Turkey had 1,396 new cases, 194,511 total cases, and 5,065 deaths by the same date. From the first case until today, the Turkish Thoracic Society (TTS) has been very proactive in educating doctors, increasing public awareness, undertaking academic studies, and assisting with public health policies. In the present report, social, academic, and management perspectives of the pandemic are presented under appropriate subtitles. During this critical public health crisis, TTS has once again demonstrated its readiness and constructive stance by supporting public health, healthcare workers, and the environment. This review summarizes the perspective of TTS on each aspect of the COVID-19 pandemic and casts light on its contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdan Köktürk
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahriye Oya İtil
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Göksel Altınışık
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Nalan Adıgüzel
- Department of Intensive Care Unit- Pulmonary Medicine, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul Süreyyapaşa Chest Diseases Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Akgün
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Levent Akyıldız
- Clinic of Pulmonary Medicine, Memorial Dicle Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Sedat Altın
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Arıkan
- Yüzüncü Yıl University, Dursun Odabaş Medical Center, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Van, Turkey
| | - Güngör Ateş
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sultan Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Pınar Ay
- Department of Public Health, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Aykaç
- Clinic of Pulmonary Medicine, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cenk Babayiğit
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University School of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Pınar Bostan
- İstanbul Bilgi University, School of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Güzin Cinel
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Medicine Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Pınar Çelik
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Pelin Duru Çetinkaya
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Elif Dağlı
- Pediatric Pulmonologist, Turkish Thoracic Society
| | - Ahmet Uğur Demir
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Demir
- Clinic of Occupational Diseases, Occupational and Environmental Diseases Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Öner Dikensoy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Acıbadem University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Çakır Edis
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Osman Elbek
- Clinic of Pulmonary Medicine, Kadıköy Florence Nightingale Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Münevver Erdinç
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Begüm Ergan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Bilun Gemicioğlu
- Department of Pulmonary Disease, İstanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Göksel
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Erkmen Gülhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ökkeş Gültekin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Canan Gündüz Gürkan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Süreyyapaşa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alev Gürgün
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Havlucu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ozen K Başoğlu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sait Karakurt
- Department of Intensive Care Unit-Pulmonary Medicine, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Karakurt
- Department of Intensive Care Unit- Pulmonary Medicine, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul Süreyyapaşa Chest Diseases Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Kılınç
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Kocabaş
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Çukurova University School of Medicine, Adana
| | - Seval Kul
- Department of Biostatistics, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel Naycı
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Metin Özkan
- Clinic of Pulmonary Medicine, Ankara Memorial Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgün Pınarer
- Galatasaray University School of Engineering, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Saltürk
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdulsamet Sandal
- Clinic of Occupational Diseases, Occupational and Environmental Diseases Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Sayıner
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Şen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gökçen Ömeroğlu Şimşek
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bülent Taner Karadağ
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Tokgöz Akyıl
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Nur Töreyin
- Department of occupational diseases, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital
| | - Eyüp Sabri Uçan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Ayhan Varol
- Clinic of Pulmonary Medicine, Kepez State Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Yasin
- Department of Public Health, Acıbadem University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tekin Yıldız
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Süreyyapaşa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - A. Arzu Yorgancıoğlu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Hasan Bayram
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Parsons Leigh J, Fiest K, Brundin-Mather R, Plotnikoff K, Soo A, Sypes EE, Whalen-Browne L, Ahmed SB, Burns KEA, Fox-Robichaud A, Kupsch S, Longmore S, Murthy S, Niven DJ, Rochwerg B, Stelfox HT. A national cross-sectional survey of public perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic: Self-reported beliefs, knowledge, and behaviors. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241259. [PMID: 33095836 PMCID: PMC7584165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Efforts to mitigate the global spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) have largely relied on broad compliance with public health recommendations yet navigating the high volume of evolving information can be challenging. We assessed self-reported public perceptions related to COVID-19 including, beliefs (e.g., severity, concerns, health), knowledge (e.g., transmission, information sources), and behaviors (e.g., physical distancing) to understand perspectives in Canada and to inform future public health initiatives. Methods We administered a national online survey aiming to obtain responses from 2000 adults in Canada. Respondent sampling was stratified by age, sex, and region. We used descriptive statistics to summarize responses and tested for regional differences using chi-squared tests, followed by weighted logistic regression. Results We collected 1,996 eligible questionnaires between April 26th and May 1st, 2020. One-fifth (20%) of respondents knew someone diagnosed with COVID-19, but few had tested positive themselves (0.6%). Negative impacts of pandemic conditions were evidenced in several areas, including concerns about healthcare (e.g. sufficient equipment, 52%), pandemic stress (45%), and worsening social (49%) and mental/emotional (39%) health. Most respondents (88%) felt they had good to excellent knowledge of virus transmission, and predominantly accessed (74%) and trusted (60%) Canadian news television, newspapers/magazines, or non-government news websites for COVID-19 information. We found high compliance with distancing measures (80% reported self-isolating or always physical distancing). We identified associations between region and self-reported beliefs, knowledge, and behaviors related to COVID-19. Discussion We found that information about COVID-19 is largely acquired through domestic news sources, which may explain high self-reported compliance with prevention measures. The results highlight the broader impact of a pandemic on the general public’s overall health and wellbeing, outside of personal infection. The study findings should be used to inform public health communications during COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Kirsten Fiest
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Kara Plotnikoff
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrea Soo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Emma E. Sypes
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Liam Whalen-Browne
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sofia B. Ahmed
- Department of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen E. A. Burns
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Unity Health Toronto–St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison Fox-Robichaud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shelly Kupsch
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shelly Longmore
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Srinivas Murthy
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel J. Niven
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bram Rochwerg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henry T. Stelfox
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Swol J, Shigemura N, Ichiba S, Steinseifer U, Anraku M, Lorusso R. Artificial lungs--Where are we going with the lung replacement therapy? Artif Organs 2020; 44:1135-1149. [PMID: 33098217 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung transplantation may be a final destination therapy in lung failure, but limited donor organ availability creates a need for alternative management, including artificial lung technology. This invited review discusses ongoing developments and future research pathways for respiratory assist devices and tissue engineering to treat advanced and refractory lung disease. An overview is also given on the aftermath of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and lessons learned as the world comes out of this situation. The first order of business in the future of lung support is solving the problems with existing mechanical devices. Interestingly, challenges identified during the early days of development persist today. These challenges include device-related infection, bleeding, thrombosis, cost, and patient quality of life. The main approaches of the future directions are to repair, restore, replace, or regenerate the lungs. Engineering improvements to hollow fiber membrane gas exchangers are enabling longer term wearable systems and can be used to bridge lung failure patients to transplantation. Progress in the development of microchannel-based devices has provided the concept of biomimetic devices that may even enable intracorporeal implantation. Tissue engineering and cell-based technologies have provided the concept of bioartificial lungs with properties similar to the native organ. Recent progress in artificial lung technologies includes continued advances in both engineering and biology. The final goal is to achieve a truly implantable and durable artificial lung that is applicable to destination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Swol
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Sleep Medicine, Intensive Care Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, General Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Norihisa Shigemura
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Temple University Health System Inc., Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shingo Ichiba
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Ulrich Steinseifer
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Aachen, Germany
| | - Masaki Anraku
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department - Heart & Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Hospital, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Haldule S, Davalbhakta S, Agarwal V, Gupta L, Agarwal V. Post-publication promotion in rheumatology: a survey focusing on social media. Rheumatol Int 2020; 40:1865-1872. [PMID: 32920728 PMCID: PMC7487072 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of social media platforms (SMPs) in the field of scientific literature is a new and evolving realm. The past few years have seen many novel strategies to promote engagement of readers with articles. The aim of this study was to gauge the acceptance, opinion, and willingness to partake in the creation of online social media educative material among authors. We conducted a validated and anonymized cross-sectional e-survey with purposive sampling among authors of the Indian Journal of Rheumatology journal over a cloud-based platform (SurveyMonkey). Descriptive statistics are used and values expressed as the number of respondents (n) against each answer. Of 408 authors, 102 responded. We found that a large majority (74) supported promotions on SMPs. Visual abstracts (81) were the most preferred means for promotion. A reasonable proportion (54) of the authors held the view that they could make these materials for themselves, with little guidance. However, currently only a few (47) were doing so. Awareness on social media editors in rheumatology was dismal (4). Citations were the preferred metric of article visibility (95), followed by altmetrics (21). These findings suggest that authors support article promotions on SMPs, although most do not promote their articles. Graphical abstracts are the preferred means of promotions. Further, the opinion on logistics is divided, calling for larger studies to understand the factors that need to be addressed to bridge the gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Haldule
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India
| | - Samira Davalbhakta
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India
| | | | - Latika Gupta
- Department Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Department Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Karadoğan D, Emiralioğlu N, Akyil F, Gürkan C, Yüksel A, Marim F, Töreyin Z, Arikan H, Eyüboğlu T, Şerifoğlu İ, Sandal A, Gürsoy T, Akgün M. An example of national scientific collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic: Turkish Thoracic Society Early Career Members Taskforce Group’s contribution to accessing reliable scientific knowledge. POPULATION MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.18332/popmed/125944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Gann B. Combating Digital Health Inequality in the Time of Coronavirus. JOURNAL OF CONSUMER HEALTH ON THE INTERNET 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15398285.2020.1791670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bob Gann
- National Health Service, London, UK
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Swol J, Lorusso R. Additive treatment considerations in COVID-19-The clinician's perspective on extracorporeal adjunctive purification techniques. Artif Organs 2020; 44:918-925. [PMID: 32516506 PMCID: PMC7300593 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this document was to inform the scientific community of sparse preliminary results regarding advanced supportive therapies and technology-driven systems in addition to highlighting the benefits and possibilities of performing concise research during challenging times. Advanced organ support for lung and heart offers the possibility to buy the time needed for recovery. However, remaining a bridging strategy, extracorporeal life support cannot act as the ultimate treatment for the underlying COVID-19 disease. Appropriate patient selection criteria addressed by experts and scientific organizations, such as Extracorporeal Life Support Organization and World Health Organization, may provide significant help in the difficult decision-making and to reduce mortality in patients with profound respiratory and/or cardiac failure due to COVID-19. Severe, systemic cytokine-mediated inflammation associated with the SARS-CoV-2 has also been described. Effects of crosstalk between coagulation and inflammatory pathways appear to significantly affect disease progression and lead to poor outcomes. Multiple therapeutic strategies, including antibody therapies (such as Tocilizumab, Sarilumab, Siltuximab), therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), and blood purification techniques for direct removal of cytokines, including filtration, dialysis (diffusion), and adsorption are available. Further, we believe, that research should be facilitated and promoted, particularly under the guidance of recognized scientific societies or expert-based multicenter investigation, with rapid communication of critical and relevant information to enhance better appraisal of patient profiles, complications, and treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Swol
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Sleep MedicineParacelsus Medical University NurembergNurembergGermany
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Cardio‐Thoracic Surgery Department, Heart & Vascular CentreMaastricht University Medical HospitalMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)MaastrichtThe Netherlands
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Bleck TP, Buchman TG, Dellinger RP, Deutschman CS, Marshall JC, Maslove DM, Masur H, Parker MM, Prough DS, Sarwal A, Sevransky JE, Vincent JL, Zimmerman JJ. Pandemic-Related Submissions: The Challenge of Discerning Signal Amidst Noise. Crit Care Med 2020; 48:1099-1102. [PMID: 32697478 PMCID: PMC7365586 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kudchadkar SR, Carroll CL. Using Social Media for Rapid Information Dissemination in a Pandemic: #PedsICU and Coronavirus Disease 2019. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2020; 21:e538-e546. [PMID: 32459792 PMCID: PMC7255404 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the impact of a strategy for international collaboration and rapid information dissemination on Twitter among the pediatric critical care community during a global pandemic. DESIGN Analysis of #PedsICU and coronavirus disease 2019 Twitter data in the Symplur Signals Database between February 1, 2020, and May 1, 2020. SETTING Social media platform Twitter. PATIENTS None. INTERVENTIONS Promotion of the joint usage of #PedsICU and #COVID19 throughout the international pediatric critical care community in tweets relevant to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and pediatric critical care. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We collected data on all tweets containing the hashtag #PedsICU in addition to those containing both #PedsICU and coronavirus disease 2019 hashtags. Tweets including #PedsICU were shared 49,865 times on six continents between February 1, 2020, and May 1, 2020; between February 1 and March 13, only 8% of #PedsICU tweets included a coronavirus disease 2019 hashtag. After a sharp rise during the week of March 14, 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 content has dominated the #PedsICU conversation on Twitter, comprising 69% of both #PedsICU tweets and impressions (p < 0.001). The most commonly used coronavirus disease 2019 hashtag over the study period was #COVID19 (69%). Proportionately, a greater percentage of #PedsICU tweets including the coronavirus disease 2019 hashtag (vs not) had images or videos (45% vs 41%; p < 0.001). In addition, non-physician healthcare providers were the largest group of users (46%) of the combination of #PedsICU and coronavirus disease 2019 hashtags. The most popular tweets shared on Twitter were open-access resources, including links for updated literature, narrative reviews, and educational videos relevant to coronavirus disease 2019 clinical care. Concurrent hashtags and words in tweets containing #PedsICU and coronavirus disease 2019 hashtags spanned several different disciplines and topics in pediatric critical care. CONCLUSION Twitter has been used widely for real-time information sharing and collaboration among the international pediatric critical care community during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Targeted use of #PedsICU and #COVID19 for engagement on Twitter is a conduit to combat misinformation and optimize reach to pediatric critical care stakeholders across the globe when rapid dissemination is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna R Kudchadkar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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33
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Fan E, Beitler JR, Brochard L, Calfee CS, Ferguson ND, Slutsky AS, Brodie D. COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: is a different approach to management warranted? THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2020; 8:816-821. [PMID: 32645311 PMCID: PMC7338016 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has seen a surge of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in intensive care units across the globe. As experience of managing patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS has grown, so too have efforts to classify patients according to respiratory system mechanics, with a view to optimising ventilatory management. Personalised lung-protective mechanical ventilation reduces mortality and has become the mainstay of treatment in ARDS. In this Viewpoint, we address ventilatory strategies in the context of recent discussions on phenotypic heterogeneity in patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS. Although early reports suggested that COVID-19-associated ARDS has distinctive features that set it apart from historical ARDS, emerging evidence indicates that the respiratory system mechanics of patients with ARDS, with or without COVID-19, are broadly similar. In the absence of evidence to support a shift away from the current paradigm of ventilatory management, we strongly recommend adherence to evidence-based management, informed by bedside physiology, as resources permit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddy Fan
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University Health Network and Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Jeremy R Beitler
- Center for Acute Respiratory Failure, New York-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Brochard
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Niall D Ferguson
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University Health Network and Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur S Slutsky
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Brodie
- Center for Acute Respiratory Failure, New York-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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