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Sundi PRIO, Thipe VC, Omar MA, Adelusi TI, Gedefa J, Olaoba OT. Preclinical human and murine models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102418. [PMID: 39004339 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent liver cancer, which account for more than 90 % of all liver cancer cases. It is the fifth leading cause of cancer globally and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. The availability of competent HCC preclinical models is fundamental to the success of mechanistic studies, molecular target identification, and drug testing. However, there are challenges associated with the use of these models. In this review, we provided updates on various cell lines, animals, and human HCC models, their specific preclinic use and associated potential challenges. Overall, the understanding of the merits and demerits of a particular HCC model will improve model selection for various preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pharidah Rajan Ibrahim Omar Sundi
- Lusaka Apex Medical University, Off Mumbwa Road, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; Pan African Organization for Health, Education and Research (POHER), United States
| | - Velaphi C Thipe
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology and Cancer Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | | | | | - Jalene Gedefa
- Collage of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Olamide T Olaoba
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Liu X, Xiong J, Li X, Pan H, Osama H. Meta-analysis study of small extracellular vesicle nursing application therapies for healing of wounds and skin regeneration. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:346. [PMID: 38849563 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-02992-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
We designed and performed this meta-analysis to investigate the impact of the application of extracellular small vesicle therapies on regeneration of skin and wound healing. The findings of this study were computed using fixed or random effect models. The mean differences (MDs), and odds ratio (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. In this study, 43 publications were included, encompassing 530 animals with artificial wounds. Small extracellular vesicle therapy had a significant greater rate of wound closure (MD, 24.0; 95% CI, 19.98-28.02, P < 0.001), lower scar width (MD, -191.33; 95%CI, -292.26--90.4, P < 0.001), and higher blood vessel density (MD,36.11; 95%CI, 19.02-53.20, P < 0.001) compared to placebo. Our data revealed that small extracellular vesicle therapy had a significantly higher regeneration of skin and healing of wounds based on the results of wound closure rate, lower scar width, and higher blood vessel density compared to placebo. Future studies with larger sample size are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianping Liu
- Department of NeuroSurgery, The Affiliated Chengdu 363Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.550, Campus Road, Pi Du District, Chengdu, 611730, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of NeuroSurgery, The Affiliated Chengdu 363Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.550, Campus Road, Pi Du District, Chengdu, 611730, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of NeuroSurgery, The Affiliated Chengdu 363Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.550, Campus Road, Pi Du District, Chengdu, 611730, Sichuan, China
| | - Haipeng Pan
- Department of NeuroSurgery, The Affiliated Chengdu 363Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.550, Campus Road, Pi Du District, Chengdu, 611730, Sichuan, China
| | - Hasnaa Osama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Sarhan RM, Boshra MS, Abdelrahim MEA, Osama H. Tranexamic acid in patients with traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA Y REANIMACION 2024; 71:360-367. [PMID: 38387502 DOI: 10.1016/j.redare.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We performed a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS We searched the literature for articles evaluating the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in TBI published between January 2012 and January 2021, and identified 8 studies with a total of 10860 patients: 5660 received TXA and 5200 served as controls. We used a dichotomous or continuous approach with a random or fixed-effect model to assess the efficacy and safety of TXA in TBI, and calculated the mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval. RESULTS In patients with TBI, early administration of TXA was associated with a greater relative benefit (MD -2.45; 95% CI = -4.78 to -0.12; p=0.04) and less total haematoma expansion (MD - 2.52; 95% CI = -4.85 to -0.19; p=0.03) compared to controls. There were no statistically significant differences in mortality (OR 0.94; 95% CI=0.85-1.03; p=0.18), presence of progressive haemorrhage (OR 0.75; 95% CI=0.56-1.01; p=0.06), need for neurosurgery (OR 1.15; 95% CI=0.66-1.98; p=0.63), high Disability Rating Scale score (OR 0.90; 95% CI=0.56-1.45; p=0.68), and incidence of ischaemic or thromboembolic complications (OR 1.34; 95% CI=0.33-5.46; p=0.68) between TBI patients treated with TXA and controls. CONCLUSIONS Early administration of TXA in TBI patients may have a greater relative benefit and may inhibit haematoma expansion. There were no significant differences in mortality, presence of progressive haemorrhage, need for neurosurgery, high Disability Rating Scale score, and incidence of ischaemic or thromboembolic complications between TBI patients treated with TXA and controls. Further studies are needed to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Sarhan
- Departamento de Farmacia Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - M S Boshra
- Departamento de Farmacia Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - M E A Abdelrahim
- Departamento de Farmacia Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - H Osama
- Departamento de Farmacia Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Anushiravani A, rayatpisheh M, Kasaeian A, Menbari Oskouie I. Genetic and Lifestyle Risk Factors of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Its Relationship with Premature Coronary Artery Disease: A Study on the Pars Cohort. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2024; 27:248-254. [PMID: 38690791 PMCID: PMC11097319 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2024.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of this study is to identify the risk factors of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. METHODS The present retrospective cohort study is part of the Pars Cohort Study (PCS). The participants were categorized as having MAFLD or not. The pattern of independent variables in patients was compared with those who did not have MAFLD. All variables were retained in the multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS Totally, 1862 participants with CAD were enrolled in this study. MAFLD was diagnosed in 647 (40.1%) participants. Gender, diabetes, hypertension, tobacco, opium, alcohol, age, weight, waist circumference, cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly different in MAFLD and non-MAFLD patients. Also, the results of multivariable logistic regression show male gender (OR=0.651, 95% CI: 0.470‒0.902, P value=0.01) and opium consumption (OR=0.563, 95% CI: 0.328‒0.968, P value<0.001) to be negative risk factors of MAFLD occurrence in CAD patients. Having diabetes (OR=2.414, 95% CI: 1.740-3.349, P value<0.001), high waist circumference (OR=1.078, 95% CI: 1.055‒1.102, P value<0.01), high triglyceride (OR=1.005, 95% CI: 1.001‒1.008, P value=0.006), and high ALT (OR=1.039, 95% CI: 1.026‒1.051, P value<0.01) were positive risk factors of MAFLD in CAD patients. CONCLUSION Our study found that consuming opium decreases the likelihood of MAFLD in CAD patients, since these patients have decreased appetite and lower body mass index (BMI). On the other hand, female gender, having diabetes, high waist circumference, high triglyceride levels, and high ALT levels increase the probability of MAFLD in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Anushiravani
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam rayatpisheh
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Kasaeian
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Menbari Oskouie
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Orthopedic Trans-Disciplinary Applied Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Das D, Wang X, Chiu YC, Bouamar H, Sharkey FE, Lopera JE, Lai Z, Weintraub ST, Han X, Zou Y, Chen HIH, Zeballos Torrez CR, Gu X, Cserhati M, Michalek JE, Halff GA, Chen Y, Zheng S, Cigarroa FG, Sun LZ. Integrative multi-omics characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma in Hispanic patients. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.27.24306447. [PMID: 38746245 PMCID: PMC11092709 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.27.24306447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Background The incidence and mortality rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among Hispanics in the United States are much higher than those of non-Hispanic whites. We conducted comprehensive multi-omics analyses to understand molecular alterations in HCC among Hispanic patients. Methods Paired tumor and adjacent non-tumor samples were collected from 31 Hispanic HCC in South Texas (STX-Hispanic) for genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic profiling. Additionally, serum lipids were profiled in 40 Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients with or without clinically diagnosed HCC. Results Exome sequencing revealed high mutation frequencies of AXIN2 and CTNNB1 in STX Hispanic HCCs, suggesting a predominant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The TERT promoter mutation frequency was also remarkably high in the Hispanic cohort. Cell cycles and liver functions were identified as positively- and negatively-enriched, respectively, with gene set enrichment analysis. Gene sets representing specific liver metabolic pathways were associated with dysregulation of corresponding metabolites. Negative enrichment of liver adipogenesis and lipid metabolism corroborated with a significant reduction in most lipids in the serum samples of HCC patients. Two HCC subtypes from our Hispanic cohort were identified and validated with the TCGA liver cancer cohort. The subtype with better overall survival showed higher activity of immune and angiogenesis signatures, and lower activity of liver function-related gene signatures. It also had higher levels of immune checkpoint and immune exhaustion markers. Conclusions Our study revealed some specific molecular features of Hispanic HCC and potential biomarkers for therapeutic management of HCC and provides a unique resource for studying Hispanic HCC.
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Rivera-Esteban J, Muñoz-Martínez S, Higuera M, Sena E, Bermúdez-Ramos M, Bañares J, Martínez-Gomez M, Cusidó MS, Jiménez-Masip A, Francque SM, Tacke F, Minguez B, Pericàs JM. Phenotypes of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S1542-3565(24)00310-0. [PMID: 38604295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) typically develops as a consequence of liver cirrhosis, but HCC epidemiology has evolved drastically in recent years. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, has emerged as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and a leading cause of HCC. A substantial proportion of MASLD-associated HCC (MASLD-HCC) also can develop in patients without cirrhosis. The specific pathways that trigger carcinogenesis in this context are not elucidated completely, and recommendations for HCC surveillance in MASLD patients are challenging. In the era of precision medicine, it is critical to understand the processes that define the profiles of patients at increased risk of HCC in the MASLD setting, including cardiometabolic risk factors and the molecular targets that could be tackled effectively. Ideally, defining categories that encompass key pathophysiological features, associated with tailored diagnostic and treatment strategies, should facilitate the identification of specific MASLD-HCC phenotypes. In this review, we discuss MASLD-HCC, including its epidemiology and health care burden, the mechanistic data promoting MASLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, and MASLD-HCC. Its natural history, prognosis, and treatment are addressed specifically, as the role of metabolic phenotypes of MASLD-HCC as a potential strategy for risk stratification. The challenges in identifying high-risk patients and screening strategies also are discussed, as well as the potential approaches for MASLD-HCC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rivera-Esteban
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Muñoz-Martínez
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Higuera
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sena
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Bermúdez-Ramos
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Department of Digestive Diseases, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Juan Bañares
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Gomez
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Serra Cusidó
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Jiménez-Masip
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sven M Francque
- Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; InflaMed Centre of Excellence, Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, Translational Sciences in Inflammation and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Minguez
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan M Pericàs
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Campus Hospitalari, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.
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Sun D, Ma Z, Geng Y, Kong C, Li Z. A meta-analysis of the risk factors for neurosurgical surgical site infection following craniotomy. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14542. [PMID: 38140754 PMCID: PMC10961046 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate and compare the risk factors for neurosurgical surgical site infection (SSI) after craniotomy. Using dichotomous or contentious random or fixed effect models, the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed based on the examination of the meta-analysis results. Eighteen analyses, covering 11 068 craniotomies between 2001 and 2023, were included in the current meta-analysis. Subjects with SSIs had a significantly younger age (MD, -2.49; 95% CI, -2.95 to -2.04, p < 0.001), longer operation duration (MD, 10.21; 95% CI, 6.49-13.94, p < 0.001) and longer length of postoperative hospital stay (MD, 1.52; 95% CI, 0.45-2.60, p = 0.006) compared to subjects with no SSI with craniotomy. However, no significant difference was found between craniotomy subjects with SSIs and with no SSI in gender (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.76-1.07, p = 0.23), and combination with other infection (OR, 3.93; 95% CI, 0.28-56.01, p = 0.31). The data that were looked at showed that younger age, longer operation duration and longer length of postoperative hospital stay can be considered as risk factors of SSI in subjects with craniotomy; however, gender and combination with other infections are not. Nonetheless, consideration should be given to their values because several studies only involved a small number of patients, and there are not many studies available for some comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Sun
- Department of NeurosurgeryHuaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifengChina
| | - Zhuang Ma
- Department of NeurosurgeryHuaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifengChina
| | - Yadong Geng
- Department of NeurosurgeryHuaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifengChina
| | - Chenxu Kong
- Department of NeurosurgeryHuaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifengChina
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryHuaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifengChina
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Jin L, Ba T. Effect of prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis on the occurrence of surgical site wound infection after instant breast reconstruction: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14631. [PMID: 38158871 PMCID: PMC10961895 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate and compare the effects of prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis on the occurrence of surgical site wound infection after instant breast reconstruction. The results of this meta-analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random- or fixed-effect models. For the current meta-analysis, 18 examinations spanning from 2009 to 2023 were included, encompassing 19 301 females with instant breast reconstruction. Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis had a significantly lower surgical site wound infection rate (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.98, p = 0.02) compared with the standard of care after instant breast reconstruction in females. Topical antibiotic prophylaxis had a significantly lower surgical site wound infection rate (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.13-0.52, p < 0.001) compared with the standard of care after instant breast reconstruction in females. The examined data revealed that systemic and topical antibiotic prophylaxis had a significantly lower surgical site wound infection rate compared with the standard of care after instant breast reconstruction in females. However, given that several examinations had a small sample size, consideration should be given to their values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Jin
- Department 1 of Neck and Breast SurgeryMudanjiang Cancer HospitalMudanjiangChina
| | - Tu Ba
- Department 1 of Neck and Breast SurgeryMudanjiang Cancer HospitalMudanjiangChina
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Zhou L, Xing S. A meta-analysis examining the impact of intrawound treatment on reducing deep surgical site infections during instrumented spine surgery. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14554. [PMID: 38151914 PMCID: PMC10961050 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate and compare the effect of intrawound management on decreasing deep surgical site infections (SSIs) in instrumented spinal surgery (SS). The results of this meta-analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random or fixed effect models. For the current meta-analysis, 29 examinations spanning from 2006 to 2022 were included, encompassing 11 181 people who had instrumented SS. Intrawound management had a significantly lower deep SSI when using vancomycin (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.25-0.44, p < 0.001) and povidone-iodine as intrawound management (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.13-0.42, p < 0.001) compared to control in instrumented SS subjects. The data that was looked at showed that using vancomycin and povidone-iodine as intrawound management had a much lower deep SSI than using a control group of instrumented SS subjects. However, given that some studies included a small number of subjects, attention should be given to their values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Zhou
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu/Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical CollegeAffiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)ChengduChina
| | - Shuxing Xing
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu/Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical CollegeAffiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)ChengduChina
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Shao G, Chen S. Combined impact of local anaesthetic infiltration through wound catheter and epidural analgesia following surgical hepatectomy: a meta-analysis. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2024; 19:25-31. [PMID: 38974756 PMCID: PMC11223530 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2024.135810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction A meta-analysis was performed to examine the effects of wound catheter (WC) local anaesthetic infiltration (LAI) and epidural analgesia (EA) in open hepatectomy (OH). Material and methods A systematic literature review was performed, which found 350 subjects with OH at the baseline of the studies; 159 of them were treated with WC local anaesthetic infiltration, and 191 used EA. Results WC LAI substantially reduced the functional recovery time (MD = -0.64; 95% CI, -1.02 to -0.26, p < 0.001) and increased the pain score on the second postoperative day (MD = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.10-0.40, p < 0.001) compared to EA in OH patients. WC LAI did not vary from EA in OH patients in second postoperative opiate use (MD = -14.86; 95% CI: -32.88 to 3.16, p = 0.11) or overall complication rate (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.41-1.04, p = 0.07). Conclusions WC LAI showed a non-significant difference in opiate consumption on the second postoperative day and in the overall complication rate, compared with EA, but it showed a lower functional recovery time and higher pain score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuwei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, China
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Wen H, Deng G, Shi X, Liu Z, Lin A, Cheng Q, Zhang J, Luo P. Body mass index, weight change, and cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review of 73 cohort studies. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102241. [PMID: 38442453 PMCID: PMC10925937 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the association between body mass index (BMI) or weight change and cancer prognosis is essential for the development of effective cancer treatments. We aimed to assess the strength and validity of the evidence of the association between BMI or weight change and cancer prognosis by a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of relevant cohort studies. METHODS We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, EconLit, Embase, Food Sciences and Technology Abstracts, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases for literature published up to July 2023. Inclusion criteria were cohort studies with BMI or weight change as an exposure factor, cancer as a diagnostic outcome, and data type as an unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) or headcount ratio. Random- or fixed-effects models were used to calculate the pooled HR along with the 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Seventy-three cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with normal weight, overweight or obesity was a risk factor for overall survival (OS) in patients with breast cancer (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.22-1.53; P < 0.0001), while obesity was a protective factor for OS in patients with gastrointestinal tumors (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.56-0.80; P < 0.0001) and lung cancer (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.48-0.92; P = 0.01) compared with patients without obesity. Compared with normal weight, underweight was a risk factor for OS in patients with breast cancer (HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.98-1.35; P = 0.08), gastrointestinal tumors (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.32-1.80; P < 0.0001), and lung cancer (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.22-1.35; P < 0.0001). Compared with nonweight change, weight loss was a risk factor for OS in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of the meta-analysis, we concluded that BMI, weight change, and tumor prognosis were significantly correlated. These findings may provide a more reliable argument for the development of more effective oncology treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - G Deng
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - X Shi
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Z Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - A Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - Q Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - P Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
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12
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Imam MS, Abdel‐Sattar RM, Alqarni F, Aljumayi SYS, Altukhais I, Altukhays AS, Abdelrahim MEA. Prevalence of surgical site wound infection after spine surgery in nasal colonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14470. [PMID: 37909167 PMCID: PMC10898389 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate and compare the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) after spine surgery (SS) in nasal colonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results of this meta-analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random- or fixed-effect models. For the current meta-analysis, 14 examinations spanning from 2014 to 2022 were included, encompassing 18 410 people who were tested for nasal colonization after SS. MRSA-positive had a significantly higher SSI (OR, 3.65; 95% CI, 2.48-5.37, p < 0.001) compared with MRSA-negative in SS subjects. However, no significant difference was found between methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus negative (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.32-2.79, p = 0.91), and Staphylococcus aureus positive and negative (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 0.26-17.41, p = 0.48) in SS subjects. The examined data revealed that MRSA colonization had a significant effect on SSI; however, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus had no significant effect on SSI in SS subjects. However, given that some comparisons included a small number of chosen studies, attention should be given to their values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Imam
- Pharmacy Practice Department, College of PharmacyShaqra UniversityShaqraSaudi Arabia
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, National Cancer InstituteCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Randa M. Abdel‐Sattar
- Biomedical Sciences Department, College of PharmacyShaqra UniversityShaqraSaudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alqarni
- Department of PharmacySecurity Forces HospitalRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Saad Yousef S. Aljumayi
- Department of PharmacyMedical Center at the Facilities Security Forces Command, Medical ServicesRiyadhSaudi Arabia
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13
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Gu R, Fei S, Liu Z, Liu X, Fang X, Wu H, Zhang X, Xu G, Xu F. Effects of photodynamic therapy in patients with infected skin ulcers: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14747. [PMID: 38445778 PMCID: PMC10915826 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate and compare the photodynamic therapy's effectiveness in treating infected skin wounds. The results of this meta-analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random- or fixed-effect models. For the current meta-analysis, 6 examinations spanning from 2013 to 2021 were included, encompassing 154 patients with infected skin wounds were the used studies' starting point. Photodynamic therapy had a significantly lower wound ulcer size (MD, -4.42; 95% CI, -7.56--1.28, p = 0.006), better tissue repair (MD, -8.62; 95% CI, -16.76--0.48, p = 0.04) and lower microbial cell viability (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04-0.42, p < 0.001) compared with red light exposure in subjects with infected skin wounds. The examined data revealed that photodynamic therapy had a significantly lower wound ulcer size, better tissue repair and lower microbial cell viability compared with red light exposure in subjects with infected skin wounds. However, given that all examinations had a small sample size, consideration should be given to their values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Sha'ni Fei
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoxiao Fang
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Hengjin Wu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of NeurologyPeking University Aerospace School of Clinical MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Guomei Xu
- Department of DermatologyBeijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Fengquan Xu
- Department of PsychosomaticsGuang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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14
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Cardaci TD, VanderVeen BN, Bullard BM, McDonald SJ, Unger CA, Enos RT, Fan D, Velázquez KT, Frizzell N, Spangenburg EE, Murphy EA. Obesity worsens mitochondrial quality control and does not protect against skeletal muscle wasting in murine cancer cachexia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:124-137. [PMID: 38062911 PMCID: PMC10834333 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 650 million people are obese (BMI > 30) worldwide, which increases their risk for several metabolic diseases and cancer. While cachexia and obesity are at opposite ends of the weight spectrum, leading many to suggest a protective effect of obesity against cachexia, mechanistic support for obesity's benefit is lacking. Given that obesity and cachexia are both accompanied by metabolic dysregulation, we sought to investigate the impact of obesity on skeletal muscle mass loss and mitochondrial dysfunction in murine cancer cachexia. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were given a purified high fat or standard diet for 16 weeks before being implanted with 106 Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. Mice were monitored for 25 days, and hindlimb muscles were collected for cachexia indices and mitochondrial assessment via western blotting, high-resolution respirometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Obese LLC mice experienced significant tumour-free body weight loss similar to lean (-12.8% vs. -11.8%, P = 0.0001) but had reduced survival (33.3% vs. 6.67%, χ2 = 10.04, P = 0.0182). Obese LLC mice had reduced muscle weights (-24%, P < 0.0354) and mCSA (-16%, P = 0.0004) with similar activation of muscle p65 (P = 0.0337), and p38 (P = 0.0008). ADP-dependent coupled respiration was reduced in both Obese and Obese LLC muscle (-30%, P = 0.0072) consistent with reductions in volitional cage activity (-39%, P < 0.0001) and grip strength (-41%, P < 0.0001). TEM revealed stepwise reductions in intermyofibrillar and subsarcolemmal mitochondrial size with Obese (IMF: -37%, P = 0.0009; SS: -21%, P = 0.0101) and LLC (IMF: -40%, P = 0.0019; SS: -27%, P = 0.0383) mice. Obese LLC mice had increased pAMPK (T172; P = 0.0103) and reduced FIS1 (P = 0.0029) and DRP1 (P < 0.0001) mitochondrial fission proteins, which were each unchanged in Lean LLC. Further, mitochondrial TEM analysis revealed that Obese LLC mice had an accumulation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria (IMF: 357%, P = 0.0395; SS: 138%, P = 0.0174) in concert with an accumulation of p62 (P = 0.0328) suggesting impaired autophagy and clearance of damaged mitochondria. Moreover, we observed increases in electron lucent vacuoles only in Obese LLC muscle (IMF: 421%, P = 0.0260; SS: 392%, P = 0.0192), further supporting an accumulation of damaged materials that cannot be properly cleared in the obese cachectic muscle. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results demonstrate that obesity is not protective against cachexia and suggest exacerbated impairments to mitochondrial function and quality control with a particular disruption in the removal of damaged mitochondria. Our findings highlight the need for consideration of the severity of obesity and pre-existing metabolic conditions when determining the impact of weight status on cancer-induced cachexia and functional mitochondrial deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Cardaci
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Brandon N VanderVeen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Brooke M Bullard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sierra J McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Christian A Unger
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Reilly T Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kandy T Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Norma Frizzell
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Espen E Spangenburg
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
- Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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15
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Machado MV. The Growing Landscape of NAFLD-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Impact in Surveillance. GE PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2024; 31:14-23. [PMID: 38314031 PMCID: PMC10836954 DOI: 10.1159/000531397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Liver cancer is globally the third leading cause of death from cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in patients with underlying liver disease. The fraction of HCC attributed to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) shows an accelerated increase in the last decades, being already responsible for 15% of all HCC cases. Similar to other causes of liver cirrhosis, patients with NAFLD-associated cirrhosis should be enrolled in HCC-screening programs, yet these patients are under-screened, and currently are less than half likely to be proposed for HCC screening as compared to patients with HCV-associated cirrhosis. NAFLD-associated HCC has the peculiarity of occurring in precirrhotic phases in 20-50% of the cases. Currently, HCC screening in precirrhotic NAFLD patients is not routinely recommended, since the risk of developing HCC is very low. However, because NAFLD affects one-third of the worldwide population, noncirrhotic NAFLD already accounts for 6% of HCC cases. As such, it is pressing to develop stratification tools, in order to personalize the individual risk of HCC development in a patient with NAFLD, allowing precision HCC-screening programs. This review summarizes the epidemiology of NAFLD-associated HCC with a critical analysis of current HCC-screening recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Verdelho Machado
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia, Hospital de Vila Franca de Xira, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Georgescu D, Lighezan DF, Rosca CI, Nistor D, Ancusa OE, Suceava I, Iancu MA, Kundnani NR. NASH/NAFLD-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Added Burden. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:25. [PMID: 38255641 PMCID: PMC10817629 DOI: 10.3390/life14010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequently found primary malignancy of the liver, showing an accelerated upward trend over the past few years and exhibiting an increasing relationship with metabolic syndrome, obesity, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The connection between these risk factors and the occurrence of HCC is represented by the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which later, based on genetic predisposition and various triggers (including the presence of chronic inflammation and changes in the intestinal microbiome), may evolve into HCC. HCC in many cases is diagnosed at an advanced stage and can be an incidental finding. We present such a scenario in the case of a 41-year-old male patient who had mild obesity and mixed dyslipidemia, no family or personal records of digestive pathologies and who recently developed a history of progressive fatigue, dyspepsia and mild upper abdominal discomfort initially thought to be linked to post-COVID syndrome, as the patient had COVID-19 pneumonia a month prior. The abdominal ultrasound revealed a mild hepatomegaly with bright liver aspect of the right lobe (diffuse steatosis), a large zone of focal steatosis (segments IV, III and II) and a left lobe tumoral mass, highly suggestive of malignancy. Point shear wave elastography at the right lobe ruled out an end-stage chronic liver disease. Additional laboratory investigations, imaging studies (magnetic resonance imaging) and histopathological examination of liver fragments confirmed a highly aggressive HCC, with poorly differentiation-G3, (T4, N 1M 0) and stage IVA, associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A sorafenib course of treatment was attempted, but the patient discontinued it due to severe side effects. The subsequent evolution was extremely unfavorable, with rapid degradation, a few episodes of upper digestive bleeding, hepatic insufficiency and mortality in a couple of months. Conclusions: Diagnosis of NASH-related HCC is either an accidental finding or is diagnosed at an advanced stage. In order to earn time for a proper treatment, it becomes important to diagnose it at an early stage, for which regular check-ups should be performed in groups having the risk factors related to it. Patients suffering from obesity and mixed dyslipidemia should undergo periodic abdominal ultrasound examinations. This should be emphasized even more in the cases showing NASH. Complaints of any kind post-COVID-19 should be dealt with keenly as little is yet known about its virulence and its long-term side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Georgescu
- Department of Internal Medicine I—Medical Semiotics I, Centre for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Diseases and Hemostaseology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Florin Lighezan
- Department of Internal Medicine I—Medical Semiotics I, Centre for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Diseases and Hemostaseology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ciprian Ilie Rosca
- Department of Internal Medicine I—Medical Semiotics I, Centre for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Diseases and Hemostaseology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Daciana Nistor
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology, Centre of Imuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies (CIFBIOTEH), “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Gene and Cellular Therapies in Cancer, 3000723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Oana Elena Ancusa
- Department of Internal Medicine I—Medical Semiotics I, Centre for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Diseases and Hemostaseology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Suceava
- Department of Internal Medicine I—Medical Semiotics I, Centre for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Diseases and Hemostaseology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Adela Iancu
- Department 5, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dionisie Lupu Street, No. 37, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nilima Rajpal Kundnani
- Department of Cardiology—Discipline of Internal Medicine and Ambulatory Care, Prevention and Cardiovascular Recovery, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Research Centre of Timisoara Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
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17
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Chiodi V, Rappa F, Lo Re O, Chaldakov GN, Lelouvier B, Micale V, Domenici MR, Vinciguerra M. Deficiency of histone variant macroH2A1.1 is associated with sexually dimorphic obesity in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19123. [PMID: 37926763 PMCID: PMC10625986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has a major socio-economic health impact. There are profound sex differences in adipose tissue deposition and obesity-related conditions. The underlying mechanisms driving sexual dimorphism in obesity and its associated metabolic disorders remain unclear. Histone variant macroH2A1.1 is a candidate epigenetic mechanism linking environmental and dietary factors to obesity. Here, we used a mouse model genetically depleted of macroH2A1.1 to investigate its potential epigenetic role in sex dimorphic obesity, metabolic disturbances and gut dysbiosis. Whole body macroH2A1 knockout (KO) mice, generated with the Cre/loxP technology, and their control littermates were fed a high fat diet containing 60% of energy derived from fat. The diet was administered for three months starting from 10 to 12 weeks of age. We evaluated the progression in body weight, the food intake, and the tolerance to glucose by means of a glucose tolerance test. Gut microbiota composition, visceral adipose and liver tissue morphology were assessed. In addition, adipogenic gene expression patterns were evaluated in the visceral adipose tissue. Female KO mice for macroH2A1.1 had a more pronounced weight gain induced by high fat diet compared to their littermates, while the increase in body weight in male mice was similar in the two genotypes. Food intake was generally increased upon KO and decreased by high fat diet in both sexes, with the exception of KO females fed a high fat diet that displayed the same food intake of their littermates. In glucose tolerance tests, glucose levels were significantly elevated upon high fat diet in female KO compared to a standard diet, while this effect was absent in male KO. There were no differences in hepatic histology. Upon a high fat diet, in female adipocyte cross-sectional area was larger in KO compared to littermates: activation of proadipogenic genes (ACACB, AGT, ANGPT2, FASN, RETN, SLC2A4) and downregulation of antiadipogenic genes (AXIN1, E2F1, EGR2, JUN, SIRT1, SIRT2, UCP1, CCND1, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, EGR2) was detected. Gut microbiota profiling showed increase in Firmicutes and a decrease in Bacteroidetes in females, but not males, macroH2A1.1 KO mice. MacroH2A1.1 KO mice display sexual dimorphism in high fat diet-induced obesity and in gut dysbiosis, and may represent a useful model to investigate epigenetic and metabolic differences associated to the development of obesity-associated pathological conditions in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Chiodi
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Oriana Lo Re
- Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute of the Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
- International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), St'Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - George N Chaldakov
- Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute of the Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute of the Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | | | - Vincenzo Micale
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Domenici
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute of the Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria.
- International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), St'Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science (LCCS), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
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18
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Yang F, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Shaha A, Wang Y, Wang X, Deng Y, Lai J, Kang N. Metabolic reprogramming and its clinical implication for liver cancer. Hepatology 2023; 78:1602-1624. [PMID: 36626639 PMCID: PMC10315435 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells often encounter hypoxic and hypo-nutrient conditions, which force them to make adaptive changes to meet their high demands for energy and various biomaterials for biomass synthesis. As a result, enhanced catabolism (breakdown of macromolecules for energy production) and anabolism (macromolecule synthesis from bio-precursors) are induced in cancer. This phenomenon is called "metabolic reprogramming," a cancer hallmark contributing to cancer development, metastasis, and drug resistance. HCC and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are 2 different liver cancers with high intertumoral heterogeneity in terms of etiologies, mutational landscapes, transcriptomes, and histological representations. In agreement, metabolism in HCC or CCA is remarkably heterogeneous, although changes in the glycolytic pathways and an increase in the generation of lactate (the Warburg effect) have been frequently detected in those tumors. For example, HCC tumors with activated β-catenin are addicted to fatty acid catabolism, whereas HCC tumors derived from fatty liver avoid using fatty acids. In this review, we describe common metabolic alterations in HCC and CCA as well as metabolic features unique for their subsets. We discuss metabolism of NAFLD as well, because NAFLD will likely become a leading etiology of liver cancer in the coming years due to the obesity epidemic in the Western world. Furthermore, we outline the clinical implication of liver cancer metabolism and highlight the computation and systems biology approaches, such as genome-wide metabolic models, as a valuable tool allowing us to identify therapeutic targets and develop personalized treatments for liver cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Yang
- BA/MD Joint Admission Scholars Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Leena Hilakivi-Clarke
- Food Science and Nutrition Section, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Aurpita Shaha
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Section, the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Yuanguo Wang
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Section, the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Xianghu Wang
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Section, the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Yibin Deng
- Department of Urology, Masonic Cancer Center, The University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jinping Lai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Medical Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Ningling Kang
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Section, the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
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19
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Chen Y, Guo H, Gao T, Yu J, Wang Y, Yu H. A meta-analysis of the risk factors for surgical site infection in patients with colorectal cancer. Int Wound J 2023; 21:e14459. [PMID: 37904719 PMCID: PMC10828529 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate and compare the surgical site infection (SSI) risk factors in patients with colorectal cancer (CC). The results of this meta-analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random or fixed-effect models. For the current meta-analysis, 23 examinations spanning from 2001 to 2023 were included, encompassing 89 859 cases of CC. Clean-contaminated surgical site wounds had significantly lower infections (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.20-0.64, p < 0.001) compared to contaminated surgical site wounds in patients with CCs. Males had significantly higher SSIs (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.12-1.24, p < 0.001) compared to females in patients with CC. American Society of Anesthesiology score ≥3 h had a significantly higher SSI (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.18-1.71, p < 0.001) compared to <3 score in patients with CCs. Body mass index ≥25 had significantly higher SSIs (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11-2.14, p = 0.01) compared to <25 in patients with CCs. The presence of stoma creation had a significantly higher SSI rate (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.37-3.79, p = 0.001) compared to its absence in patients with CC. Laparoscopic surgery had significantly lower SSIs (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59-0.78, p < 0.001) compared to open surgery in patients with CC. The presence of diabetes mellitus had a significantly higher SSI rate (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.15-1.33, p < 0.001) compared to its absence in patients with CCs. No significant difference was found in SSI rate in patients with CCs between <3 and ≥3 h of operative time (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.75-1.51, p = 0.72), between the presence and absence of blood transfusion (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 0.69-3.66, p = 0.27) and between the presence and absence of previous laparotomies (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.93-2.32, p = 0.10). The examined data revealed that contaminated wounds, male sex, an American Society of Anesthesiology score ≥3 h, a body mass index ≥25, stoma creation, open surgery and diabetes mellitus are all risk factors for SSIs in patients with CC. However, operative time, blood transfusion and previous laparotomies were not found to be risk factors for SSIs in patients with CC. However, given that several comparisons had a small number of chosen research, consideration should be given to their values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life ScienceInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotInner MongoliaChina
| | - Hua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life ScienceInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotInner MongoliaChina
| | - Tian Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life ScienceInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotInner MongoliaChina
| | - Jiale Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life ScienceInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotInner MongoliaChina
| | - Yujia Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life ScienceInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotInner MongoliaChina
| | - Haiquan Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life ScienceInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotInner MongoliaChina
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El-Serag HB, Akhdar G, Thrift AP, Luster M, Khaderi S, Alsarraj A, Duong H, Kanwal F. Bioimpedance analysis predicts the etiology of cirrhosis in a prospective cohort study. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0253. [PMID: 37695087 PMCID: PMC10497244 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing cirrhosis. However, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) may not be indicative of body composition parameters that predispose to cirrhosis. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive cost-efficient method for more detailed estimation of body composition. METHODS We examined patients with cirrhosis who underwent BIA as part of enrollment into a prospective cohort study. We examined the correlation between BIA variables, BMI, and WHR. We performed sex-adjusted and race-adjusted and race-specific multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the association between anthropometric variables and risk factors [NAFLD, alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and HCV]. RESULTS We analyzed data from 348 cirrhosis patients; 23.3% were women; 48.3% were non-Hispanic White; 19.3% were Hispanic; and 30.7% were African American. The cirrhosis etiology was 21.8% NAFLD, 56.9% HCV mostly cured, and 11.5% ALD. Several BIA variables correlated well with BMI, and others showed modest correlations, but none correlated well with WHR. Higher body fat mass and basal metabolic rate were positively associated, while higher lean body mass, dry lean mass, total body water, or skeletal muscle mass were negatively associated with NAFLD. Associations between these BIA parameters and ALD-related cirrhosis were in the opposite direction. These associations of BIA variables were seen only in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White patients but not non-Hispanic Blacks. BIA variables were more predictive of cirrhosis etiology than BMI or WHR. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with cirrhosis, several BIA-derived measurements indicative of body fat and muscle are associated with NAFLD and ALD etiology. BIA variables show stronger associations, as well as race/ethnicity-specific associations, with cirrhosis etiology than those of BMI or WHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem B. El-Serag
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Aaron P. Thrift
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michelle Luster
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Saira Khaderi
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Abeer Alsarraj
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hao Duong
- Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fasiha Kanwal
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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21
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Chavda V, Zajac KK, Gunn JL, Balar P, Khadela A, Vaghela D, Soni S, Ashby CR, Tiwari AK. Ethnic differences in hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence and therapeutic outcomes. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6 Suppl 1:e1821. [PMID: 37344125 PMCID: PMC10440848 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The incidence of HCC is affected by genetic and non-genetic factors. Genetically, mutations in the genes, tumor protein P53 (TP53), catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1), AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARIC1A), cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), mannose 6-phosphate (M6P), smooth muscle action against decapentaplegic (SMAD2), retinoblastoma gene (RB1), cyclin D, antigen presenting cells (APC), AXIN1, and E-cadherin, have been shown to contribute to the occurrence of HCC. Non-genetic factors, including alcohol consumption, exposure to aflatoxin, age, gender, presence of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), increase the risk of HCC. RECENT FINDINGS The severity of the disease and its occurrence vary based on geographical location. Furthermore, men and minorities have been shown to be disproportionately affected by HCC, compared with women and non-minorities. Ethnicity has been reported to significantly affect tumorigenesis and clinical outcomes in patients diagnosed with HCC. Generally, differences in gene expression and/or the presence of comorbid medical diseases affect or influence the progression of HCC. Non-Caucasian HCC patients are significantly more likely to have poorer survival outcomes, compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Finally, there are a number of factors that contribute to the success rate of treatments for HCC. CONCLUSION Assessment and treatment of HCC must be consistent using evidence-based guidelines and standardized outcomes, as well as international clinical practice guidelines for global consensus. Standardizing the assessment approach and method will enable comparison and improvement of liver cancer research through collaboration between researchers, healthcare providers, and advocacy groups. In this review, we will focus on discussing epidemiological factors that result in deviations and changes in treatment approaches for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical TechnologyL M College of PharmacyAhmedabadIndia
| | - Kelsee K. Zajac
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoOhioUSA
| | - Jenna Lynn Gunn
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoOhioUSA
| | - Pankti Balar
- Pharmacy SectionL M College of PharmacyAhmedabadIndia
| | - Avinash Khadela
- Department of PharmacologyL M College of PharmacyAhmedabadIndia
| | - Dixa Vaghela
- Pharmacy SectionL M College of PharmacyAhmedabadIndia
| | - Shruti Soni
- PharmD SectionL M College of PharmacyAhmedabadIndia
| | - Charles R. Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of PharmacySt. John's UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoOhioUSA
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
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22
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Nevola R, Tortorella G, Rosato V, Rinaldi L, Imbriani S, Perillo P, Mastrocinque D, La Montagna M, Russo A, Di Lorenzo G, Alfano M, Rocco M, Ricozzi C, Gjeloshi K, Sasso FC, Marfella R, Marrone A, Kondili LA, Esposito N, Claar E, Cozzolino D. Gender Differences in the Pathogenesis and Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:984. [PMID: 37508414 PMCID: PMC10376683 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Several chronic liver diseases are characterized by a clear gender disparity. Among them, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) shows significantly higher incidence rates in men than in women. The different epidemiological distribution of risk factors for liver disease and HCC only partially accounts for these gender differences. In fact, the liver is an organ with recognized sexual dysmorphism and is extremely sensitive to the action of androgens and estrogens. Sex hormones act by modulating the risk of developing HCC and influencing its aggressiveness, response to treatments, and prognosis. Furthermore, androgens and estrogens are able to modulate the action of other factors and cofactors of liver damage (e.g., chronic HBV infection, obesity), significantly influencing their carcinogenic power. The purpose of this review is to examine the factors related to the different gender distribution in the incidence of HCC as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms involved, with particular reference to the central role played by sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Nevola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
- Liver Unit, Ospedale Evangelico Betania, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tortorella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Rosato
- Liver Unit, Ospedale Evangelico Betania, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Imbriani
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Marco La Montagna
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Alfano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rocco
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Ricozzi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Klodian Gjeloshi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Marrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Ernesto Claar
- Liver Unit, Ospedale Evangelico Betania, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Cozzolino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
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23
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Kumar V, Shukla SK. Editorial: Identification and characterization of molecular targets in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1202614. [PMID: 37435190 PMCID: PMC10331817 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1202614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Surendra Kumar Shukla
- Department of Oncology Science, OU Health Stephenson Cancer Centre, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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24
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Chen Y, Wang W, Morgan MP, Robson T, Annett S. Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and therapeutic targets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1148934. [PMID: 37361533 PMCID: PMC10286797 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1148934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic and overwhelming evidence indicates that it is a risk factor for numerous cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Obesity-associated hepatic tumorigenesis develops from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and ultimately to HCC. The rising incidence of obesity is resulting in an increased prevalence of NAFLD and NASH, and subsequently HCC. Obesity represents an increasingly important underlying etiology of HCC, in particular as the other leading causes of HCC such as hepatitis infection, are declining due to effective treatments and vaccines. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms and cellular signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated HCC. We summarize the preclinical experimental animal models available to study the features of NAFLD/NASH/HCC, and the non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD, NASH and early-stage HCC. Finally, since HCC is an aggressive tumor with a 5-year survival of less than 20%, we will also discuss novel therapeutic targets for obesity-associated HCC and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Maria P. Morgan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Annett
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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25
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Jovanović M, Kovačević S, Brkljačić J, Djordjevic A. Oxidative Stress Linking Obesity and Cancer: Is Obesity a 'Radical Trigger' to Cancer? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098452. [PMID: 37176160 PMCID: PMC10179114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is on the rise worldwide, and consequently, obesity-related non-communicable diseases are as well. Nutritional overload induces metabolic adaptations in an attempt to restore the disturbed balance, and the byproducts of the mechanisms at hand include an increased generation of reactive species. Obesity-related oxidative stress causes damage to vulnerable systems and ultimately contributes to neoplastic transformation. Dysfunctional obese adipose tissue releases cytokines and induces changes in the cell microenvironment, promoting cell survival and progression of the transformed cancer cells. Other than the increased risk of cancer development, obese cancer patients experience higher mortality rates and reduced therapy efficiency as well. The fact that obesity is considered the second leading preventable cause of cancer prioritizes the research on the mechanisms connecting obesity to cancerogenesis and finding the solutions to break the link. Oxidative stress is integral at different stages of cancer development and advancement in obese patients. Hypocaloric, balanced nutrition, and structured physical activity are some tools for relieving this burden. However, the sensitivity of simultaneously treating cancer and obesity poses a challenge. Further research on the obesity-cancer liaison would offer new perspectives on prevention programs and treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Jovanović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Kovačević
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Brkljačić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Djordjevic
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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26
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Dougherty TP, Meyer JE. Comparing Lifestyle Modifications and the Magnitude of Their Associated Benefit on Cancer Mortality. Nutrients 2023; 15:2038. [PMID: 37432170 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cancers are associated with poor diet, lack of physical activity, and excess weight. Improving any of these three lifestyle factors would likely reduce cancer deaths. However, modifications to each of these-better nutrition, enhanced activity and fitness, and loss of extra body fat-have different effect sizes on cancer mortality. This review will highlight the relative benefit that each lifestyle change, enacted prior to a diagnosis of cancer, might impart on cancer-related deaths, as well as attempt to quantify the changes required to derive such a benefit. The review relies primarily on epidemiological data, with meta-analyses serving as the backbone for comparisons across interventions and individual studies within the larger meta-analyses providing the data necessary to form more quantitative conclusions. The reader can then use this information to better understand, recommend, and implement behaviors that might ultimately reduce cancer mortality. Of all the interventions, it seems clear that exercise, specifically improving cardiorespiratory fitness, is the best way to decrease the risk of dying from cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Dougherty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497, USA
| | - Joshua E Meyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497, USA
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27
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Zheng S, Liu X, Cheng L, Wu Q, Meng F. Effect of minimally invasive surgery and laparotomy on wound infection and postoperative and intraoperative complications in the management of cervical cancer: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2023; 20:1061-1071. [PMID: 36111540 PMCID: PMC10031228 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of minimally invasive surgery and laparotomy on wound infection and postoperative and intraoperative complications in the management of cervical cancer. A systematic literature search up to July 2022 was performed and 10 231 subjects with cervical cancer at the baseline of the studies; 4307 of them were using the minimally invasive surgery, and 5924 were using laparotomy. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effect of minimally invasive surgery and laparotomy on wound infection and postoperative and intraoperative complications in the management of cervical cancer using the dichotomous methods with a random or fixed-effect model. The minimally invasive surgery had significantly lower wound infection (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.13-0.30, P < .001), and postoperative complications (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.37-0.64, P < .001) in subjects with cervical cancer compared laparotomy. However, minimally invasive surgery compared with laparotomy in subjects with cervical cancer had no significant difference in intraoperative complications (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.80-1.36, P = 0.76). The minimally invasive surgery had significantly lower wound infection, and postoperative complications however, had no significant difference in intraoperative complications in subjects with cervical cancer compared with laparotomy. The analysis of outcomes should be with caution because of the low sample size of 22 out of 41 studies in the meta-analysis and a low number of studies in certain comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyun Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaole Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liqin Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaozhu Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fanhang Meng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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28
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Tian B, He Y, Han Z, Liu T, Zhang X. Effect of powdered vancomycin on stopping surgical site wound infections in neurosurgery: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2023; 20:1139-1150. [PMID: 36237125 PMCID: PMC10031230 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of powdered vancomycin on stopping surgical site wound infections in neurosurgery. A systematic literature search up to July 2022 was performed and 24 137 subjects with neurosurgery at the baseline of the studies; 10 496 of them were using the powdered vancomycin, and 13 641 were not using the powdered vancomycin as a control. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effect of powdered vancomycin on stopping surgical site wound infections in neurosurgery using dichotomous methods with a random or fixed-effect model. The powdered vancomycin had significantly lower surgical site wound infections after spinal surgery (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.41-0.70, P < .001), deep surgical site wound infections after spinal surgery (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.35-0.57, P < .001), superficial surgical site wound infections after spinal surgery (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43-0.83, P = .002), and surgical site wound infections after cranial surgery (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.22-0.61, P < .001) compared to control in subjects with neurosurgery. The powdered vancomycin had significantly lower surgical site wound infections after spinal surgery, deep surgical site wound infections after spinal surgery, superficial surgical site wound infections after spinal surgery, and surgical site wound infections after cranial surgery compared to control in subjects with neurosurgery. The analysis of outcomes should be done with caution even though the low number of studies with low sample size, 3 out of the 42 studies, in the meta-analysis, and a low number of studies in certain comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanli He
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zian Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianjing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingye Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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29
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Imam MS, Abdel-Sattar RM, Alamri AS, Alqurashi AM, Amer Alnefaie AM, Abdelrahim MEA. Impact of negative pressure wound drainage compared with natural wound drainage after thyroid tumour surgery: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2023; 20:1183-1190. [PMID: 36251756 PMCID: PMC10031204 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of negative pressure wound drainage to that of spontaneous wound drainage after thyroid tumour surgery. A thorough analysis of the literature up to July 2022 revealed that, of the 1234 patients who used surgery for thyroid tumours, 615 used negative pressure wound drainage and 619 used natural wound drainage. To measure the influence of negative pressure wound drainage in comparison to natural wound drainage following thyroid tumour surgery, mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were measured using the contentious and dichotomous approaches with a random or fixed-effect model. Subjects who used negative pressure wound drainage had significantly higher averages for drained material (OR, 12.52; 95% CI, 6.78-18.26, P = 0.001), shorter drain placement times (MD, -1.06; 95% CI, 1.57 to -0.55, P = .001), lower rates of infection at the surgical site (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.05-0.60, P = .006), higher rates of wound healing (OR, 5.91; 95% CI, 1.56-22.34, P = .009), and lower rate of wound seroma (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.10-0.42, P < .001) in subjects after thyroid tumour surgery in comparison to subjects who used natural wound drainage after thyroid tumour surgery. Those who used negative pressure wound drainage had significantly higher averages of drained material, shorter drain placement times, lower rates of wound infection at the surgical site, higher rates of wound healing, and lower rates of wound seroma. Care must be used when analysing the results because of the small sample size of 7 of the 13 studies included in the meta-analysis and the lack of studies in several comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Imam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Randa M Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr S Alamri
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Mohamed E A Abdelrahim
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, .Beni-Suef, Egypt
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30
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Zhang X, Ha S, Lau HCH, Yu J. Excess body weight: Novel insights into its roles in obesity comorbidities. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 92:16-27. [PMID: 36965839 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Excess body weight is a global health problem due to sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet, affecting 2 billion population worldwide. Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic diseases. Notably, the metabolic risk of obesity largely depends on body weight distribution, of which visceral adipose tissues but not subcutaneous fats are closely associated with obesity comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Latest multi-omics and mechanistical studies reported the crucial involvement of genetic and epigenetic alterations, adipokines dysregulation, immunity changes, imbalance of white and brown adipose tissues, and gut microbial dysbiosis in mediating the pathogenic association between visceral adipose tissues and comorbidities. In this review, we explore the epidemiology of excess body weight and the up-to-date mechanism of how excess body weight and obesity lead to chronic complications. We also examine the utilization of visceral fat measurement as an accurate clinical parameter for risk assessment in healthy individuals and clinical outcome prediction in obese subjects. In addition, current approaches for the prevention and treatment of excess body weight and its related metabolic comorbidities are further discussed. DATA AVAILABILITY: No data was used for the research described in the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suki Ha
- Institute of Digestive Disease and the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Harry Cheuk-Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and the Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Li S, Li Y, Wei L, Fang F, Jiang Y, Chen K, Yang X, Liu H. 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery compared with 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery on wound closure and need for wound suture and other postoperative parameters in the treatment of vitreoretinal disease: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2023; 20:740-750. [PMID: 36787269 PMCID: PMC9927918 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery compared with 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery on wound closure and the need for wound suture and other postoperative parameters in the treatment of vitreoretinal disease. A systematic literature search up to June 2022 was performed and 1264 subjects with the vitreoretinal disease at the baseline of the studies; 562 of them were using the 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery, and 722 were using 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery. Odds ratio (OR), and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effect of 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery compared with 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery on wound closure and the need for wound suture and other postoperative parameters in the treatment of vitreoretinal disease using the dichotomous, and contentious methods with a random or fixed-effect model. The 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery subjects had a significantly lower intraoperative and postoperative wound complication (OR, 6.66; 95% CI, 0.46-0.95, P = .02), and wound suture number (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.20-0.71, P = .002), and best corrected visual acuity (MD, -0.03; 95% CI, -0.05 to -0.001, P = .02) compared with 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery in subjects with vitreoretinal disease. However, 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery subjects had no significant difference in the wound closure time (MD, -8.45; 95% CI, -23.44 to 6.55, P = .27), operation time (MD, 0.85; 95% CI, -1.17 to 2.86, P = .41), intraocular pressure at postoperative day 1 (MD, 0.42; 95% CI, -1.45-2.28, P = .66), primary anatomical success rate (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.42-1.63, P = .58), and central macular thickness (MD, 1.81; 95% CI, -21.76 to 25.37, P = .88) compared to 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery in subjects with vitreoretinal disease. The 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery subjects had a significantly lower intraoperative and postoperative wound complication, wound suture number, and best corrected visual acuity, and no significant difference in the wound closure time, operation time, intraocular pressure at postoperative day 1, primary anatomical success rate, and central macular thickness compared to 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery in subjects with vitreoretinal disease. The analysis of outcomes should be with caution because of the low sample size of 12 out of 15 studies in the meta-analysis and a low number of studies in certain comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Li
- Ophthalmology DepartmentThe first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusiChina
| | - Yichun Li
- Ophthalmology DepartmentThe first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusiChina
| | - Lulu Wei
- Child Healthcare DepartmentThe first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusiChina
| | - Fang Fang
- Pharmacy DepartmentThe first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusiChina
| | - Yulan Jiang
- Ophthalmology DepartmentThe first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusiChina
| | - Keyan Chen
- Endocrine DepartmentThe first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusiChina
| | - Xiaotian Yang
- Ophthalmology DepartmentThe first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusiChina
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Ophthalmology DepartmentThe first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi UniversityJiamusiChina
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Kanwal F, Khaderi S, Singal AG, Marrero JA, Loo N, Asrani SK, Amos CI, Thrift AP, Gu X, Luster M, Al-Sarraj A, Ning J, El-Serag HB. Risk factors for HCC in contemporary cohorts of patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2023; 77:997-1005. [PMID: 35229329 PMCID: PMC9433461 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Etiological risk factors for cirrhosis have changed in the last decade. It remains unclear to what extent these trends in cirrhosis risk factors have changed HCC risk. APPROACH AND RESULTS We used data from two contemporary, prospective multiethnic cohorts of patients with cirrhosis: the Texas Hepatocellular Carcinoma Consortium Cohort and the Houston Veterans Administration Cirrhosis Surveillance Cohort. Patients with cirrhosis were enrolled from seven US centers and followed until HCC diagnosis, transplant, death, or June 30, 2021. We calculated the annual incidence rates for HCC and examined the effects of etiology, demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors on the risk of HCC. We included 2733 patients with cirrhosis (mean age 60.1 years, 31.3% women). At enrollment, 19.0% had active HCV, 23.3% had cured HCV, 16.1% had alcoholic liver disease, and 30.1% had NAFLD. During 7406 person-years of follow-up, 135 patients developed HCC at an annual incidence rate of 1.82% (95% CI, 1.51-2.13). The annual HCC incidence rate was 1.71% in patients with cured HCV, 1.32% in patients with alcoholic liver disease, and 1.24% in patients with NAFLD cirrhosis. Compared to patients with NAFLD, the risk of progression to HCC was 2-fold higher in patients with cured HCV (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.24-3.35). Current smoking (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.01-2.63) and overweight/obesity (HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.08-2.95) were also associated with HCC risk. CONCLUSIONS HCC incidence among patients with cirrhosis was lower than previously reported. HCC risk was variable across etiologies, with higher risk in patients with HCV cirrhosis and lower risk in those with NAFLD cirrhosis. Current smoking and overweight/obesity increased HCC risk across etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasiha Kanwal
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Saira Khaderi
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amit G. Singal
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jorge A. Marrero
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole Loo
- Texas Liver Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Christopher I. Amos
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aaron P. Thrift
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiangjun Gu
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle Luster
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Abeer Al-Sarraj
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jing Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hashem B. El-Serag
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Cheng W, Zhou Y, Chu X, Huang S, Zheng X, Zheng H. Effect of intravesical mitomycin compared with gemcitabine on the treatment non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: A meta-analysis. Actas Urol Esp 2023; 47:92-98. [PMID: 36586485 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of intravesical mitomycin compared with gemcitabine on the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. METHODS A systematic literature search up to November 2021 was done and 6 studies included 389 subjects with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer at the start of the study; 197 of them were provided with intravesical-mitomycin and 192 with intravesical gemcitabine. The studies reported the relationships about the effect of intravesical mitomycin compared with gemcitabine on the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the effect of intravesical mitomycin compared with gemcitabine on the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using the dichotomous method with a random or fixed-effect model. RESULTS Intravesical mitomycin had significantly higher recurrence rates (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.43-4.08, p=0.001) and chemical cystitis (OR, 4.39; 95% CI, 2.27-8.51, p<0.001) compared to intravesical gemcitabine in subjects with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. However, intravesical mitomycin had no significant difference in its effect on hematuria (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 0.68-4.33, p=0.26), skin reaction (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 0.59-7.07, p=0.26), and liver and kidney functions damage (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.35-10.96, p=0.44) compared to intravesical gemcitabine in subjects with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS Intravesical mitomycin had significantly higher recurrence rates and chemical cystitis and no significant difference in its effect on hematuria, skin reaction, and liver and kidney functions damage compared to intravesical gemcitabine in subjects with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cheng
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sun University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sun University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - X Chu
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sun University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - S Huang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sun University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - X Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sun University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - H Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sun University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Clasen F, Nunes PM, Bidkhori G, Bah N, Boeing S, Shoaie S, Anastasiou D. Systematic diet composition swap in a mouse genome-scale metabolic model reveals determinants of obesogenic diet metabolism in liver cancer. iScience 2023; 26:106040. [PMID: 36844450 PMCID: PMC9947310 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary nutrient availability and gene expression, together, influence tissue metabolic activity. Here, we explore whether altering dietary nutrient composition in the context of mouse liver cancer suffices to overcome chronic gene expression changes that arise from tumorigenesis and western-style diet (WD). We construct a mouse genome-scale metabolic model and estimate metabolic fluxes in liver tumors and non-tumoral tissue after computationally varying the composition of input diet. This approach, called Systematic Diet Composition Swap (SyDiCoS), revealed that, compared to a control diet, WD increases production of glycerol and succinate irrespective of specific tissue gene expression patterns. Conversely, differences in fatty acid utilization pathways between tumor and non-tumor liver are amplified with WD by both dietary carbohydrates and lipids together. Our data suggest that combined dietary component modifications may be required to normalize the distinctive metabolic patterns that underlie selective targeting of tumor metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Clasen
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Patrícia M. Nunes
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Gholamreza Bidkhori
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Nourdine Bah
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Stefan Boeing
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Saeed Shoaie
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dimitrios Anastasiou
- Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Pal Chaudhary S, Reyes S, Chase ML, Govindan A, Zhao L, Luther J, Bhan I, Bethea E, Franses JW, Paige Walsh E, Anne Dageford L, Kimura S, Elias N, Yeh H, Markman J, Bozorgzadeh A, Tanabe K, Ferrone C, Zhu AX, Andersson K, Thiim M, Antonio Catalano O, Kambadakone A, Vagefi PA, Qadan M, Pratt D, Hashemi N, Corey KE, Misdraji J, Goyal L, Clark JW. Resection of NAFLD/NASH-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Clinical Features and Outcomes Compared with HCC Due to Other Etiologies. Oncologist 2023; 28:341-350. [PMID: 36763374 PMCID: PMC10078904 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the leading causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Limited data exist on surgical outcomes for NAFLD/NASH-related HCC compared with other HCC etiologies. We evaluated differences in clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing surgical resection for NAFLD/NASH-associated HCC compared with other HCC etiologies. METHODS Demographic, clinicopathological features, and survival outcomes of patients with surgically resected HCC were collected. NAFLD activity score (NAS) and fibrosis score were assessed by focused pathologic review in a subset of patients. RESULTS Among 492 patients screened, 260 met eligibility (NAFLD/NASH [n = 110], and other etiologies [n = 150]). Median age at diagnosis was higher in the NAFLD/NASH HCC cohort compared with the other etiologies cohort (66.7 vs. 63.4 years, respectively, P = .005), with an increased percentage of female patients (36% vs. 18%, P = .001). NAFLD/NASH-related tumors were more commonly >5 cm (66.0% vs. 45%, P = .001). There were no significant differences in rates of lymphovascular or perineural invasion, histologic grade, or serum AFP levels. The NAFLD/NASH cohort had lower rates of background liver fibrosis, lower AST and ALT levels, and higher platelet counts (P < .01 for all). Median overall survival (OS) was numerically shorter in NAFLD/NASH vs other etiology groups, however, not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Patients with NAFLD/NASH-related HCC more commonly lacked liver fibrosis and presented with larger HCCs compared with patients with HCC from other etiologies. No differences were seen in rates of other high-risk features or survival. With the caveat of sample size and retrospective analysis, this supports a similar decision-making approach regarding surgical resection for NAFLD/NASH and other etiology-related HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Pal Chaudhary
- Division of Oncology, Mass General Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jay Luther
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irun Bhan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Bethea
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph W Franses
- Division of Oncology, Mass General Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Paige Walsh
- Division of Oncology, Mass General Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leigh Anne Dageford
- Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shoko Kimura
- Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nahel Elias
- Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heidi Yeh
- Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Markman
- Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adel Bozorgzadeh
- Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth Tanabe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristina Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew X Zhu
- Jiahui Health, Jiahui International Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Karin Andersson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Thiim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Onofrio Antonio Catalano
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Avinash Kambadakone
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Parsia A Vagefi
- Division of Surgical Transplantation, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Motaz Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Pratt
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikroo Hashemi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen E Corey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph Misdraji
- Department of Pathology, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lipika Goyal
- Division of Oncology, Mass General Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Clark
- Division of Oncology, Mass General Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Expression and Function of BMP and Activin Membrane-Bound Inhibitor (BAMBI) in Chronic Liver Diseases and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043473. [PMID: 36834884 PMCID: PMC9964332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BAMBI (bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor) is a transmembrane pseudoreceptor structurally related to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β type 1 receptors (TGF-β1Rs). BAMBI lacks a kinase domain and functions as a TGF-β1R antagonist. Essential processes such as cell differentiation and proliferation are regulated by TGF-β1R signaling. TGF-β is the best-studied ligand of TGF-βRs and has an eminent role in inflammation and fibrogenesis. Liver fibrosis is the end stage of almost all chronic liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and at the moment, there is no effective anti-fibrotic therapy available. Hepatic BAMBI is downregulated in rodent models of liver injury and in the fibrotic liver of patients, suggesting that low BAMBI has a role in liver fibrosis. Experimental evidence convincingly demonstrated that BAMBI overexpression is able to protect against liver fibrosis. Chronic liver diseases have a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and BAMBI was shown to exert tumor-promoting as well as tumor-protective functions. This review article aims to summarize relevant studies on hepatic BAMBI expression and its role in chronic liver diseases and HCC.
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Wang X, Fu L, Guo S, Fang X. A meta-analysis examined the effect of topical nursing application of antimicrobial as a prophylaxis for the stoppage of surgical wound infection in colorectal surgery. Int Wound J 2023. [PMID: 36727574 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of topical antimicrobial (TA) as a prophylaxis for the stoppage of surgical wound infection (SWI) in colorectal surgery (CS), we lead a meta-analysis. 9160 participants with CS were enrolled in the chosen studies; 4719 of them used TA, while 4441 served as controls. To assess the effectiveness of TA application in lowering SWIs following CS, odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed with a dichotomous technique with a fixed- or random-effect model. Significantly lower SWIs post CS for TA as whole (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.38-0.64; P < .001), gentamicin collagen sponge and beads (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.32-0.86; P = .01), triclosan impregnated fascial suture (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.38-0.84; P = .005), antibiotic powder, ointment, lavage, or injection for the abdominal wound (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.21-0.59; P < .001), and ionised silver dressing on the closed abdominal wound (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.27-0.77; P = .003) compared to control. Significantly lower SWIs post CS for TA as a whole, gentamicin collagen sponge and beads, triclosan impregnated fascial sutures, antibiotic powder, ointment, lavage, or injection for the abdominal wound, and ionised silver dressing on the closed abdominal wound compared with control. The low sample size of 8 out of the 39 included studies in this meta-analysis calls for precaution when analysing the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Liming Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Shaoning Guo
- Department of Nursing, Bethune First Hospital Of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Xuedong Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Zhang P, Li H, Chi H, Zheng N, Pan X, Tang C. A meta-analysis examined the effect of topical vancomycin application in decreasing sternal wound infections post cardiac surgery. Int Wound J 2023. [PMID: 36651221 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of topical vancomycin (TV) application in decreasing sternal wound infections (SWIs) post cardiac surgery (CS), we lead a meta-analysis. Twenty-three thousand seven hundred and forty five participants had CS at the outset of the investigations, according to a thorough evaluation of the literature done up to November 2022; 8730 of them used TV, while 15 015 were controls. To assess the effectiveness of TV application in lowering SWIs following CS, odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed with dichotomous technique with a fixed- or random-effect model. The TV had significantly lower SWIs post CS (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.20-0.57; P < .001), and deep SWIs post CS (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.11-0.65; P = .004) compared with control as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Yet, there was no significant difference found amongst TV and control in superficial SWIs post CS (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.07-1.30; P = .011). The TV had significantly lower SWIs, and deep SWIs post CS, and no significant difference was found in superficial SWIs post CS compared with control. The low number of included studies in this meta-analysis for superficial SWIs calls for precaution when analysing the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Chi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Chuzhong Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sixth Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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Lin J, Mo X, Yang Y, Tang C, Chen J. Association between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic foot ulcer wound in diabetic subjects: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2023; 20:55-62. [PMID: 35567425 PMCID: PMC9797924 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic foot ulcer wounds in diabetic subjects. A systematic literature search up to March 2022 incorporated 7586 subjects with diabetes mellitus at the beginning of the study; 1565 were using diabetic subjects with foot ulcer wounds, and 6021 were non-ulcerated diabetic subjects. Statistical tools like the dichotomous and contentious method were used within a random or fixed-influence model to establish the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the influence of vitamin D deficiency in managing diabetic foot ulcer wound. Diabetic subjects with foot ulcer wounds had significantly lower vitamin D levels (MD, -6.48; 95% CI, -10.84 to -2.11, P < .004), higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmoL/L) (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.32-2.52, P < .001), and higher prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.65-3.89, P < .001) compared with non-ulcerated diabetic subjects. Diabetic subjects with foot ulcer wounds had significantly lower vitamin D levels, higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and higher prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency compared with non-ulcerated diabetic subjects. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lin
- Nursing School of Shaoyang UniversityHunanChina
| | - Xinxin Mo
- Nursing School of Shaoyang UniversityHunanChina
| | - Yejun Yang
- Department of PediatricShaoyang Central HospitalHunanChina
| | - Chao Tang
- Nursing School of Shaoyang UniversityHunanChina
| | - Jia Chen
- Xiangya School of Nursing School of Central South UniversityHunanChina
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Qiao Y, Zhang Q, Peng Y, Qiao X, Yan J, Wang B, Zhu Z, Li Z, Zhang Y. Effect of stem cell treatment on burn wounds: A systemic review and a meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2023; 20:8-17. [PMID: 35560869 PMCID: PMC9797938 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of stem cells treatment in managing burn wounds. A systematic literature search up to March 2022 incorporated 24 studies reported between 2013 and 2021 including 400 animals with burn wounds at the beginning of the study; 211 were using stem cells treatment, and 189 controlled. Statistical tools like the contentious method were used within a random or fixed-influence model to establish the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the influence of stem cells treatment in managing burn wounds. Stem cells treatment had a significantly higher burn wound healing rate (MD, 15.18; 95% CI, 11.29-19.07, P < .001), higher blood vessel number (MD, 12.28; 95% CI, 10.06-14.51, P < .001), higher vascular endothelial growth factor (MD, 10.24; 95% CI, 7.19-13.29, P < .001), lower interleukin-1 level (MD, -98.48; 95% CI, -155.33 to -41.63, P < .001), and lower tumour necrosis factor α level (MD, -28.71; 95% CI, -46.65 to -10.76, P < .002) compared with control in animals' models with burn wounds. Stem cells treatment had a significantly higher burn wound healing rate, higher blood vessel number, higher vascular endothelial growth factor, lower interleukin-1 level, and lower tumour necrosis factor α level compared with control in animals' models with burn wounds. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Qiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Hebei UniversityBoadingChina
| | - Qingrong Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | | | - Jun Yan
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Bolin Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Zhihan Zhu
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Zihan Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
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Epidemiologic, Genetic, Pathogenic, Metabolic, Epigenetic Aspects Involved in NASH-HCC: Current Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010023. [PMID: PMID: 36612019 PMCID: PMC9818030 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and is the sixth most frequent cancer in the world, being the third cause of cancer-related deaths. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by fatty infiltration, oxidative stress and necroinflammation of the liver, with or without fibrosis, which can progress to advanced liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and HCC. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and diabetes exacerbates the course of NASH, which elevate the risk of HCC. The growing prevalence of obesity are related with increasing incidence of NASH, which may play a growing role in HCC epidemiology worldwide. In addition, HCC initiation and progression is driven by reprogramming of metabolism, which indicates growing appreciation of metabolism in the pathogenesis of this disease. Although no specific preventive pharmacological treatments have recommended for NASH, dietary restriction and exercise are recommended. This review focuses on the molecular connections between HCC and NASH, including genetic and risk factors, highlighting the metabolic reprogramming and aberrant epigenetic alterations in the development of HCC in NASH. Current therapeutic aspects of NASH/HCC are also reviewed.
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Chen Y, Du P, Lv G. A meta‐analysis examined the effect of oxidised regenerated cellulose/collagen dressing on the management of chronic skin wounds. Int Wound J 2022; 20:1544-1551. [PMID: 36480562 PMCID: PMC10088825 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of oxidised regenerated cellulose/collagen dressing on the management of chronic skin wounds, we conducted a meta-analysis. A thorough review of the literature up to September 2022 revealed that 1521 participants had chronic skin wounds at the start of the investigations; 763 of them used oxidised regenerated cellulose/collagen dressing, while 758 received control. Using dichotomous or contentious methods and a random or fixed-effect model, odds ratios (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the impact of oxidised regenerated cellulose/collagen dressing on the management of chronic skin wounds. The oxidised regenerated cellulose/collagen dressing had significantly higher complete wound healing (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.06-2.85; P = .03), higher wound relative reduction percent (MD, 13.50; 95% CI, 2.39-24.61; P = .02), and lower adverse events in wound healing (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41-0.98; P = .04) compared with control in chronic skin wounds. The oxidised regenerated cellulose/collagen dressing had significantly higher complete wound healing, higher wound relative reduction percent and lower adverse events in wound healing compared with control in chronic skin wounds. The low sample size of 8 out of 10 researches in the meta-analysis and the small number of studies in several comparisons calls for care when analysing the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Pan Du
- Department of Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Guozhong Lv
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Wound repair Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
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Zheng H, Li C, Hu J, Zeng L. Effects of acupuncture in the treatment of occipital neuralgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31891. [PMID: 36482655 PMCID: PMC9726333 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture is used to treat subjects with occipital neuralgia, which is 1 of the main causes of occipital pain; however, its effect is conflicting. Hence, the current study aims to evaluate the effects of acupuncture in the treatment of occipital neuralgia. METHODS In a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, OVID, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang databases, and Google Scholar until July 2021, 15 studies aimed to evaluate the effects of acupuncture in the treatment of occipital neuralgia were included. Human-related trials were considered in different languages. The size of the study was not considered a limit for its inclusion and the study intervention should focus on comparing the impact of acupuncture in the intervention group compared with the control group.The odds ratio (OR) and the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random or fixed-effect model for different subgroup analyses. Publication bias was assessed using the Egger test, while the risk of bias was assessed using the Review manager software. RESULTS Acupuncture had a significantly higher effective rate of treatment (OR, 5.40; 95% CI, 2.48 to 11.77, P < .001) compared to control in the treatment of occipital neuralgia and lower visual analogue scale (MD, -2.45; 95% CI, -2.69 to -2.21, P < .001). Acupuncture plus medication had a significantly higher effective rate of treatment (OR, 3.96; 95% CI, 2.10 to 7.47, P < .001) compared to medication in the treatment of occipital neuralgia. Acupuncture analysis for safety issues showed a significant reduction of adverse events compared with the medication group. CONCLUSION Acupuncture alone or acupuncture plus medication had a significantly beneficial effect on the effective rate of treatment, safety and visual analog scale compared to medication in the treatment of occipital neuralgia. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Zheng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Sichuan, Province, P. R. China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Sichuan, Province, P. R. China
| | - Jike Hu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Sichuan, Province, P. R. China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical Center Hospital of Qionglai City, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zeng X, Yang B, Zhang B, Xu B, Rong C, She J, Guo W, Kong J, Liu Y, Zhao D, Xu X. A meta‐analysis examined the effect of intrawound vancomycin on surgical site wound infections in non‐spinal neurosurgical operation. Int Wound J 2022; 20:1584-1590. [PMID: 36424840 PMCID: PMC10088818 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of intrawound vancomycin on surgical site wound infections in non-spinal neurosurgical operations, we conducted a meta-analysis. A thorough review of the literature up to September 2022 showed that 4286 participants had a non-spinal neurosurgical operation at the start of the investigations; 1975 of them used intrawound vancomycin, while 2311 were control. Using dichotomous or contentious methods and a random or fixed-effect model, odds ratios (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the impact of intrawound vancomycin on surgical site wound infections in non-spinal neurosurgical operation. The intrawound vancomycin had significantly lower surgical site wound infections (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.19-0.40; P < .001) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 32%) compared with the control in non-spinal neurosurgical operation. The intrawound vancomycin had significantly lower surgical site wound infections compared with control in non-spinal neurosurgical operation. The low sample size of 2 out of 13 researches in the meta-analysis calls for care when analysing the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwu Zeng
- Department of Brain The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Pharmacy The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Baiming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Buxuan Xu
- Department of Brain The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Congxue Rong
- Department of Brain The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Jianhu She
- Department of Brain The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Wanliang Guo
- Department of Brain The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Jianlong Kong
- Department of Brain The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Yangzi Liu
- Department of Brain The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Dianfan Zhao
- Department of Brain The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
| | - Xiuzhen Xu
- Department of Pharmacy The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye City Zhangye Gansu China
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Chang Z, Liu L, She C, Ren W, Chen H, Zhou C. A meta‐analysis examined the effect of stoma on surgical site wound infection in colorectal cancer. Int Wound J 2022; 20:1578-1583. [PMID: 36401595 PMCID: PMC10088842 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of a stoma on surgical site wound infection in colorectal cancer, we conducted a meta-analysis. A thorough review of the literature up to September 2022 revealed that 3223 participants had colorectal cancer at the start of the investigations; 258 of them had a stoma, while 2965 did not have a stoma. Using dichotomous or contentious methods and a random or fixed-effect model, odds ratios (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the impact of a stoma on surgical site wound infection in colorectal cancer. The stoma present had significantly higher surgical site wound infections (OR, 4.37; 95% CI, 3.08-6.21; P < 0.001) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 12%) compared to stoma absent in colorectal cancer. The stoma present had significantly higher surgical site wound infections compared to the stoma absent in colorectal cancer. The low number of selected studies in the meta-analysis calls for care when analysing the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Chang
- Department of Hospital Infection Control Affiliated Changsha Hospital, Hunan Normal University Hunan China
- Department of Nursing Tangdu Hospital Shaanxi China
| | - Liang Liu
- School of Medicine Hunan Normal University Hunan China
| | - Canfang She
- School of Medicine Hunan Normal University Hunan China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Nursing Xijing Hospital Shaanxi China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Medicine Hunan Normal University Hunan China
| | - Caihong Zhou
- Department of Hospital Infection Control Affiliated Changsha Hospital, Hunan Normal University Hunan China
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Wang M, Liu Y, Dong H. Effect of cefuroxime intracameral injection antibiotic prophylactic on postoperative endophthalmitis wound post‐cataract: A meta‐analysis. Int Wound J 2022; 20:1376-1383. [PMID: 36346142 PMCID: PMC10088833 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of cefuroxime injection of intracameral prophylaxis antibiotic on after endophthalmitis operative wound following surgery of cataract, we conducted a meta-analysis. A thorough review of the literature up to July 2022 revealed that there were 1 167 197 participants with surgery of cataract at the start of the research; 1 004 425 of these subjects received an injection of intracameral of cefuroxime, while 162 772 did not get an antibiotic as a control. Using dichotomous approaches and a random or fixed-effect model, odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the impact of cefuroxime injection of intracameral prophylaxis antibiotic on after endophthalmitis operative wound following surgery of cataract. When comparing no antibiotic in participants who had surgery of cataract, the cefuroxime injection of intracameral significantly reduced the after endophthalmitis operative wound (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.07-0.29, P = 0.001) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 95%). When comparing participants who received no antibiotic after surgery of cataract, the after endophthalmitis operative wound from the cefuroxime injection of intracameral was considerably lower. Although none of the 22 studies encompassed in the meta-analysis had a study with a small sample size, it is nevertheless advisable to proceed with caution when analysing the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City Lianyungang China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City Lianyungang China
| | - Hongming Dong
- Department of Pharmacy First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City Lianyungang China
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Cui W, Xie Y. Oncological results in women with wound complications following mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction: A meta‐analysis. Int Wound J 2022; 20:1361-1368. [PMID: 36336978 PMCID: PMC10088858 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the oncological results in women with wound complications following mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. A systematic literature search up to August 2022 was performed and 1618 subjects with mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction at the baseline of the studies; 443 of them were with wound complications, and 1175 were with no wound complications as a control. Odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the oncological results in women with wound complications following mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction using dichotomous or contentious methods with a random or fixed-effect model. The wound complications had a significantly longer length of time to adjuvant therapy (MD, 9.44; 95% CI, 4.07-14.82, P < .001) compared with no wound complications in subjects with mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. However, no significant difference was found between wound complications and no wound complications in subjects with mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction in breast cancer recurrence (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.95-4.06, P = .07), death rates (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 0.89-4.27, P = .09), and kind of immediate breast reconstruction (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.53-1.92, P = .98). The wound complications had a significantly longer length of time to adjuvant, however, no significant difference was found in breast cancer recurrence, death rates, and kind of immediate breast reconstruction. The analysis of outcomes should be done with caution even though no low sample size was found in the meta-analysis but a low number of studies was found in certain comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huangpu Branch, Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
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Is Fasting Good When One Is at Risk of Liver Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205084. [PMID: 36291868 PMCID: PMC9600146 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, is a multistep process that usually develops in the background of cirrhosis, but also in a non-cirrhotic state in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or viral hepatis. Emerging evidence suggests that intermittent fasting can reduce the risk of cancer development and could improve response and tolerance to treatment through the metabolic and hormonal adaptations induced by the low energy availability that finally impairs cancer cells’ adaptability, survival and growth. The current review will outline the beneficial effects of fasting in NAFLD/NASH patients and the possible mechanisms that can prevent HCC development, including circadian clock re-synchronization, with a special focus on the possibility of applying this dietary intervention to cirrhotic patients.
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Ding W, Ji R, Abdelrahim MEA, Wang L. Enhanced pharmaceutical recovery as postoperative standard care after radical cystectomy: A meta-analysis. Actas Urol Esp 2022; 46:447-455. [PMID: 36109315 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of enhanced pharmaceutical recovery as postoperative standard care after radical cystectomy. METHODS A systematic literature search up to April 2021 was done and 33 studies included 6596 subjects submitted to surgery for radical cystectomy at the start of the study; 3143 of them received enhanced pharmaceutical recovery after surgery and 3453 were controls. The studies reported relationships about the effects of enhanced pharmaceutical recovery as postoperative standard care after radical cystectomy. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the effects of enhanced pharmaceutical recovery as postoperative standard care after radical cystectomy using the dichotomous and continuous methods with a random or fixed-effect model. RESULTS Enhanced pharmaceutical recovery after surgery had significantly lower length of hospital stay (MD, -2.78; 95% CI, -3.59 to -1.97, p < 0.001), complications (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60-0.94, p = 0.01), readmission within 30 days (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69-0.94, p = 0.007), and time to defecation (MD, -1.30; 95% CI, -2.22 to -0.37, p = 0.006) compared to control in subjects submitted to radical cystectomy. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced pharmaceutical recovery after surgery may reduce the length of hospital stay, complications, readmission within 30 days, and time to first bowel movement compared to control in subjects with surgery for radical cystectomy. Furthers studies are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ding
- Department of Urology, Jiangyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - R Ji
- Department of Urology, Linyi Third People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - M E A Abdelrahim
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - L Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Shin HS, Jun BG, Yi SW. Impact of diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver diseases. Clin Mol Hepatol 2022; 28:773-789. [PMID: 35934813 PMCID: PMC9597232 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2021.0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing prevalence of metabolic disorders, the potential effects of metabolic factors on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in individuals with chronic liver diseases (CLDs) are not well understood. For a metabolic factor to be identified as a risk factor for HCC in patients with CLDs, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, there should be a strong synergistic interaction between the carcinogenic mechanisms of the metabolic factor and the CLD itself. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the published data on the relationship between metabolic factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, and blood lipids and the risk of HCC in patients with CLDs. DM consistently increases the risk of HCC in patients with CLD. When associated with DM, the risk of HCC seems to be highest in HCV and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), followed by alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and HBV. Obesity may increase the risk of HCC. Among CLDs, the evidence is relatively consistent and clear for ALD, while clear evidence is limited in other CLDs including HBV, HCV, and NAFLD. Total cholesterol, potentially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, seems to have strong inverse associations with HCC in individuals with CLDs. Despite evidence from observational studies, statins had no effect in preventing HCC in randomized controlled trials. Whether statins have a preventive effect against HCC is unclear. A better understanding and management of metabolic factors may be beneficial to reduce the risk of HCC in patients with CLDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwang Sik Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Baek Gyu Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Corresponding author : Baek Gyu Jun Department of Internal Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01757, Korea Tel: +82-2-950-8889, Fax: +82-2-950-1955, E-mail:
| | - Sang-Wook Yi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Korea,Sang-Wook Yi Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, 24 Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung 25601, Korea Tel: +82-33-649-7468, Fax: +82-33-641-1074, E-mail:
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