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Dave B, Patel M, Suresh S, Ginjupalli M, Surya A, Albdour M, Kooner KS. Wound Modulations in Glaucoma Surgery: A Systematic Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:446. [PMID: 38790314 PMCID: PMC11117829 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive fibrosis and resultant poor control of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduce the efficacy of glaucoma surgeries. Historically, corticosteroids and anti-fibrotic agents, such as mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), have been used to mitigate post-surgical fibrosis, but these have unpredictable outcomes. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel treatments which provide increased effectiveness and specificity. This review aims to provide insight into the pathophysiology behind wound healing in glaucoma surgery, as well as the current and promising future wound healing agents that are less toxic and may provide better IOP control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhoomi Dave
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.D.); (M.P.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.)
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Monica Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.D.); (M.P.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Sruthi Suresh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.D.); (M.P.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Mahija Ginjupalli
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.D.); (M.P.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Arvind Surya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.D.); (M.P.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Mohannad Albdour
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Hussein Medical Center Royal Medical Services, Amman 11180, Jordan;
| | - Karanjit S. Kooner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (B.D.); (M.P.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (A.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veteran Affairs North Texas Health Care System Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
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Batista S, Camerotte R, Pinheiro AC, Costermani I, Bishay A, Almeida Filho JA, Palavani LB, Bertoli ED, Bertani R, Ellis JA, Serulle Y, Ferreira C. Clopidogrel versus newer P2Y12 inhibitors in the dual antiplatelet therapy for stent-assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms: A meta-analysis. Interv Neuroradiol 2024:15910199241236821. [PMID: 38439698 DOI: 10.1177/15910199241236821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stent-assisted coil embolization (SACE) for cerebral aneurysms requires dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), commonly clopidogrel plus aspirin is preferable to ticagrelor or prasugrel plus aspirin. However, there are few studies assessing the safety of the association of ticagrelor or prasugrel plus aspirin. OBJECTIVES Compare the safety of newer P2Y12 inhibitors with clopidogrel in patients that underwent a SACE for cerebral aneurysms. METHODS In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, we searched PubMed and Embase for studies comparing newer P2Y12 inhibitors with clopidogrel in patients undergoing DAPT for SACE. Outcomes were total number of complications, number of hemorrhagic complications, and number of thromboembolic complications both intraoperative and follow-up. A random effects model was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We included 1026 patients from six studies. Newer P2Y12 inhibitors were used in 562 (54,77%) patients. There were no significant differences between groups in total number of complications (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.32, 1.99; p < 0.01; I2 = 78%), in intraoperative hemorrhagic complications (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.09, 4.71; p = 0.68; I2 = 0%), follow-up hemorrhagic complications (OR 1.23; 95% CI 0.70, 2.15; p = 0.49; I2 = 0%), intraoperative thromboembolic complications (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.14, 1.35; p = 0.25; I2 = 24%), and in follow-up thromboembolic complications (OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.33, 2.39; p = 0.03; I2 = 59%). CONCLUSION In patients who underwent a SACE, newer P2Y12 inhibitors showed no differences in intraoperative and follow-up complications compared with clopidogrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sávio Batista
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raphael Camerotte
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Agostinho C Pinheiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Elmhurst Hospital Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinais, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Igor Costermani
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anthony Bishay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Elmhurst Hospital Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinais, New York, NY, USA
| | - José Alberto Almeida Filho
- Department of Endovascular Neurosurgery, Paulo Niemeyer State Brain Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucca B Palavani
- Faculty of Medicine, Max Planck University Center, Indaiatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Raphael Bertani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jason A Ellis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yafell Serulle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Freitas-Dias C, Gonçalves F, Martins F, Lemos I, Gonçalves LG, Serpa J. Interaction between NSCLC Cells, CD8 + T-Cells and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Potentiates Coagulation and Promotes Metabolic Remodeling-New Cues on CAT-VTE. Cells 2024; 13:305. [PMID: 38391918 PMCID: PMC10886748 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are frequent cancer-related complications associated with high mortality; thus, this urges the identification of predictive markers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) used in cancer immunotherapy allow T-cell activation against cancer cells. Retrospective studies showed increased VTE following ICI administration in some patients. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are at high risk of thrombosis and thus, the adoption of immunotherapy, as a first-line treatment, seems to be associated with coagulation-fibrinolysis derangement. METHODS We pharmacologically modulated NSCLC cell lines in co-culture with CD8+ T-cells (TCD8+) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), isolated from healthy blood donors. The effects of ICIs Nivolumab and Ipilimumab on NSCLC cell death were assessed by annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry analysis. The potential procoagulant properties were analyzed by in vitro clotting assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The metabolic remodeling induced by the ICIs was explored by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. RESULTS Flow cytometry analysis showed that TCD8+ and ICIs increase cell death in H292 and PC-9 cells but not in A549 cells. Conditioned media from NSCLC cells exposed to TCD8+ and ICI induced in vitro platelet aggregation. In A549, Podoplanin (PDPN) levels increased with Nivolumab. In H292, ICIs increased PDPN levels in the absence of TCD8+. In PC-9, Ipilimumab decreased PDPN levels, this effect being rescued by TCD8+. MDSCs did not interfere with the effect of TCD8+ in the production of TF or PDPN in any NSCLC cell lines. The exometabolome showed a metabolic remodeling in NSCLC cells upon exposure to TCD8+ and ICIs. CONCLUSIONS This study provides some insights into the interplay of immune cells, ICIs and cancer cells influencing the coagulation status. ICIs are important promoters of coagulation, benefiting from TCD8+ mediation. The exometabolome analysis highlighted the relevance of acetate, pyruvate, glycine, glutamine, valine, leucine and isoleucine as biomarkers. Further investigation is needed to validate this finding in a cohort of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Freitas-Dias
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.-D.); (F.G.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências, FCUL, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipe Gonçalves
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.-D.); (F.G.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Martins
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.-D.); (F.G.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lemos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.-D.); (F.G.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís G. Gonçalves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Avenida da República (EAN), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.F.-D.); (F.G.); (F.M.); (I.L.)
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
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Bing Y, Sun Z, Wu S, Zheng Y, Xi Y, Li W, Zou X, Qu Z. Discovery and verification of Q-markers for promoting blood circulation and removing stasis of raw and wine-steamed Vaccaria segetalis based on pharmacological evaluation combined with chemometrics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117120. [PMID: 37666377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dried and mature seeds of Vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke ex Asch. (VS) are known for their therapeutic effects, as they stimulate blood circulation, promote menstruation and diuresis and eliminate gonorrhoea. However, due to its hard shell, the dissolution of its active ingredients is often improved by steaming and frying in clinical applications. Among the processed products, wine-steamed Vaccaria segetalis (WVS) is one of the commonly used ones. Numerous historical records have shown that wine steaming can enhance the efficacy of drugs to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis. However, the differences in the efficacy of VS and WVS in promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis have not been thoroughly studied, and the possible reasons for these differences have not been reported. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to identify quality markers (Q-markers) that could differentiate the efficacy of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis of VS and WVS, which could serve as a basis for the rational application of VS and WVS in clinical settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pharmacodynamic comparison between the water extracts of VS and WVS was carried out based on a mouse acute blood stasis model (ABS) and thrombus zebrafish model. The potential bioactive substances of WVS were screened by investigating the correlation between common peaks identified for 10 batches of WVS by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) and their rate of thrombosis inhibition in zebrafish. Furthermore, multivariate statistical analysis of chemical components between VS and WVS was conducted to speculate the Q-markers combined with the results of the bioactive components. Based on the efficacy verification of Q-markers, the content of Q-markers in 10 batches of WVS was evaluated. RESULTS The results of efficacy comparison assays demonstrated that the efficacy of WVS was more prominent than VS at the same dose. Five components were screened as effective components of WVS for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis by correlation analysis. Furthermore, a total of 24 common ingredients were identified in VS and WVS extracts, and 9 of them showed increased dissolution rate after wine steaming, including 4 active ingredients, Hypaphorine, Vaccarin, Saponarin, and Isovitexin-2″-O-arabinoside, which were screened out by correlation analysis. The monomer test suggested that these 4 components could activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis in a dose-dependent manner. Consequently, Hypaphorine, Vaccarin, Saponarin, and Isovitexin-2″-O-arabinoside were selected as Q-markers to distinguish between VS and WVS. The content determination showed that the total contents of 4 Q-markers of WVS from 10 batches with different origins ranged from 0.478% to 0.716%. CONCLUSIONS This study compared the efficacy of VS and WVS in promoting blood circulation and resolving stasis and revealed Q-markers that reflected the difference in efficacy between them for the first time, which laid the foundation for establishing quality standards for WVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Bing
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Yingbo Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Wenlan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China; Engineering Research Center on Natural Antineoplastic Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Xiang Zou
- Engineering Research Center on Natural Antineoplastic Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
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Li J, Xin H, Zhang B, Guo Y, Ding Y, Wu X. Identification of Molecular Markers Predicting the Outcome of Anti-thrombotic Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Atrial fibrillation: Evidence from a Meta-analysis and Experimental Study. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:1408-1416. [PMID: 37672183 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) often coexist in clinical practice, and patients with these conditions often have a critical illness with high risk of both ischemia and bleeding. This study aims to report potential molecular markers for predicting the efficacy based on a meta-analysis of microarray data from the GEO database. In 40 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with PCI, P2RX1's effects on platelet aggregation, medication resistance, and predictive value were examined. Twenty up-regulated genes in peripheral blood samples of ACS and AF patients were down-regulated after PCI, while 7 down-regulated genes were up-regulated. ACS affected eight potential genes. P2RX1, one of the four LASSO analysis-retrieved disease characteristic genes, accurately predicted AF patients' thrombosis risk and PCI's anti-thrombotic impact. Therefore, P2RX1 may be a molecular marker to predict the effect of anti-thrombotic therapy in patients with ACS and AF after PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Li
- The Fourth Department of Cardiovascular, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 37 Zhonghua West Road, Jianhua District, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Xin
- The Fourth Department of Cardiovascular, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 37 Zhonghua West Road, Jianhua District, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baihui Zhang
- The Fourth Department of Cardiovascular, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 37 Zhonghua West Road, Jianhua District, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- The Fourth Department of Cardiovascular, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 37 Zhonghua West Road, Jianhua District, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Wu
- The Fourth Department of Cardiovascular, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 37 Zhonghua West Road, Jianhua District, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Yasmin R, Chanchal S, Ashraf MZ, Doley R. Daboxin P, a phospholipase A 2 of Indian Daboia russelii venom, modulates thrombin-mediated platelet aggregation. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23476. [PMID: 37466159 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Daboxin P, reported earlier from the venom of Daboia russellii, disturbs the blood coagulation cascade by targeting factor X and factor Xa. The present study exhibits that Daboxin P also inhibits platelet aggregation induced by various agonists. The thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited maximum whereas inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation was found to be 50% and no inhibition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid-induced aggregation was observed. Daboxin P dose-dependently inhibited the thrombin-induced platelet aggregation with Anti-Aggregation 50 (AD50 ) dose of 55.166 nM and also reduced the thrombin-mediated calcium influx. In-silico interaction studies suggested that Daboxin P binds to thrombin and blocks its interaction with its receptor on the platelet surface. Quenching of thrombin's emission spectrum by Daboxin P and electrophoretic profiles of pull-down assay further reveals the binding between Daboxin P and thrombin. Thus, the present study demonstrates that Daboxin P inhibits thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by binding to thrombin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafika Yasmin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Shankar Chanchal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Zahid Ashraf
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Robin Doley
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
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Comanici M, Bhudia SK, Marczin N, Raja SG. Antiplatelet Resistance in Patients Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Cardiol 2023; 206:191-199. [PMID: 37708750 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Antiplatelet therapy (APT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor is commonly given to patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to reduce thrombotic events. APT resistance, the inadequate antiplatelet effect of these drugs, is a growing concern. This review aimed to assess APT resistance prevalence in patients who underwent CABG and its impact on clinical outcomes. We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant studies published to date. The included studies measured platelet function through laboratory assays and reported on clinical outcomes in patients who underwent CABG. The primary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and mortality, whereas the secondary outcomes included acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stroke, and thromboembolic events. The meta-analysis used random-effects models, with heterogeneity assessed using the I2 statistic. The initial search identified 45 studies, with 11 meeting the inclusion criteria, involving 3,122 patients. The overall prevalence of APT resistance in patients who underwent CABG was 39%. Patients with APT resistance had significantly higher risks of MACEs and death (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06 to 2.83, p = 0.03) and postoperative myocardial infarction (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.13 to 4.48, p = 0.02) than those without resistance. However, no significant association was found between APT resistance and stroke (OR 2.25, 95% CI 0.80 to 6.35, p = 0.12) or other thromboembolic events (OR 1.72, 95% CI 0.72 to 4.08, p = 0.22). In conclusion, APT resistance is prevalent in a significant proportion of patients who underwent CABG, increasing the risk of MACEs and postoperative myocardial infarction. These findings emphasize the need for further research to develop tailored antiplatelet strategies in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Comanici
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Sunil K Bhudia
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nandor Marczin
- Department of Anaesthesia & Critical Care, Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shahzad G Raja
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Abdulrahman B, Jabbour RJ, Curzen N. Is It Really Safe to Discontinue Antiplatelet Therapy 12 Months After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation? Interv Cardiol 2023; 18:e22. [PMID: 37435601 PMCID: PMC10331563 DOI: 10.15420/icr.2022.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of AF in patients with coronary artery disease is high. The guidelines from many professional groups, including the European Society of Cardiology, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and Heart Rhythm Society, recommend a maximum duration of 12 months of combination single antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy in patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention and who have concurrent AF, followed by anticoagulation alone beyond 1 year. However, the evidence that anticoagulation alone without antiplatelet therapy adequately reduces the well-documented attritional risk of stent thrombosis after coronary stent implantation is relatively sparse, particularly given that very late stent thrombosis (>1 year from stent implantation) is the commonest type. By contrast, the elevated risk of bleeding from combined anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy is clinically important. The aim of this review is to assess the evidence for long-term anticoagulation alone without antiplatelet therapy 1 year post-percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balen Abdulrahman
- Coronary Research Group, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton, UK
| | - Richard J Jabbour
- Coronary Research Group, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton, UK
| | - Nick Curzen
- Coronary Research Group, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, University of SouthamptonSouthampton, UK
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Antunes-Ferreira M, D'Ambrosi S, Arkani M, Post E, In 't Veld SGJG, Ramaker J, Zwaan K, Kucukguzel ED, Wedekind LE, Griffioen AW, Oude Egbrink M, Kuijpers MJE, van den Broek D, Noske DP, Hartemink KJ, Sabrkhany S, Bahce I, Sol N, Bogaard HJ, Koppers-Lalic D, Best MG, Wurdinger T. Tumor-educated platelet blood tests for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer detection and management. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9359. [PMID: 37291189 PMCID: PMC10250384 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35818-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy approaches offer a promising technology for early and minimally invasive cancer detection. Tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) have emerged as a promising liquid biopsy biosource for the detection of various cancer types. In this study, we processed and analyzed the TEPs collected from 466 Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) patients and 410 asymptomatic individuals (controls) using the previously established thromboSeq protocol. We developed a novel particle-swarm optimization machine learning algorithm which enabled the selection of an 881 RNA biomarker panel (AUC 0.88). Herein we propose and validate in an independent cohort of samples (n = 558) two approaches for blood samples testing: one with high sensitivity (95% NSCLC detected) and another with high specificity (94% controls detected). Our data explain how TEP-derived spliced RNAs may serve as a biomarker for minimally-invasive clinical blood tests, complement existing imaging tests, and assist the detection and management of lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Antunes-Ferreira
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia D'Ambrosi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Arkani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Edward Post
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjors G J G In 't Veld
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jip Ramaker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kenn Zwaan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ece Demirel Kucukguzel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Oude Egbrink
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van den Broek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David P Noske
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen J Hartemink
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Siamack Sabrkhany
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Idris Bahce
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nik Sol
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harm-Jan Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Myron G Best
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Monteleone A, Viola A, Napoli E, Burriesci G. Modelling of thrombus formation using smoothed particle hydrodynamics method. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281424. [PMID: 36745608 PMCID: PMC9901800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper a novel model, based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, is proposed to simulate thrombus formation. This describes the main phases of the coagulative cascade through the balance of four biochemical species and three type of platelets. SPH particles can switch from fluid to solid phase when specific biochemical and physical conditions are satisfied. The interaction between blood and the forming blood clot is easily handled by an innovative monolithic FSI approach. Fluid-solid coupling is modelled by introducing elastic binds between solid particles, without requiring detention and management of the interface between the two media. The proposed model is able to realistically reproduce the thromboembolic process, as confirmed by the comparison of numerical results with experimental data available in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Viola
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
- Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Enrico Napoli
- Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Burriesci
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
- UCL Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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11
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Wang Y, Wang X, Jia X, Li J, Fu J, Huang X, Cui X, Wang B, Luo W, Lin C, Li Z, Luu LDW, Li S, Zhu X, Tai J. Influenza vaccination features revealed by a single-cell transcriptome atlas. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28174. [PMID: 36163452 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging viruses like influenza virus pose a continuous global public health threat. Vaccines are one of the most effective public health strategies for controlling infectious diseases. However, little is known about the immunological features of vaccination at the single-cell resolution, including for influenza vaccination. Here, we report the single-cell transcriptome atlas of longitudinally collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in individuals immunized with an inactivated influenza vaccine. Overall, vaccination with the influenza vaccine only had a small impact on the composition of peripheral immune cells, but elicited global transcriptional changes in multiple immune cell subsets. In plasma and B cell subsets, transcriptomic changes, which were mostly involved in antibody production as well as B cell activation and differentiation, were observed after influenza vaccinations. In influenza-vaccinated individuals, we found a reduction in multiple biological processes (e.g., interferon response, inflammatory response, HLA-I/II molecules, cellular apoptosis, migration, and cytotoxicity, etc.,) 7 days postvaccination in multiple immune cell subsets. However, 14 days postvaccination, these levels returned to similar levels observed in prevaccination samples. Additionally, we did not observe significant upregulation of pro-inflammatory response genes and key thrombosis-related genes in influenza-vaccinated individuals. Taken together, we report a cell atlas of the peripheral immune response to influenza vaccination and provide a resource for understanding the immunological response mechanisms of influenza vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Xinbei Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jieqiong Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jin Fu
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodai Cui
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bike Wang
- Prevention and Health Care of Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Wenkai Luo
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Chengcong Lin
- Prevention and Health Care of Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Laurence Don Wai Luu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shijun Li
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease of Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Zhu
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
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12
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Wang Y, Wang X, Luu LDW, Li J, Cui X, Yao H, Chen S, Fu J, Wang L, Wang C, Yuan R, Cai Q, Huang X, Huang J, Li Z, Li S, Zhu X, Tai J. Single-cell transcriptomic atlas reveals distinct immunological responses between COVID-19 vaccine and natural SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5304-5324. [PMID: 35859327 PMCID: PMC9350186 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To control the ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, CoronaVac (Sinovac), an inactivated vaccine, has been granted emergency use authorization by many countries. However, the underlying mechanisms of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune response remain unclear, and little is known about its features compared to (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we implemented single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to profile longitudinally collected PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) in six individuals immunized with CoronaVac and compared these to the profiles of COVID-19 infected patients from a Single Cell Consortium. Both inactivated vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection altered the proportion of different immune cell types, caused B cell activation and differentiation, and induced the expression of genes associated with antibody production in the plasma. The inactivated vaccine and SARS-COV-2 infection also caused alterations in peripheral immune activity such as interferon response, inflammatory cytokine expression, innate immune cell apoptosis and migration, effector T cell exhaustion and cytotoxicity, however, the magnitude of change was greater in COVID-19 patients, especially those with severe disease, than in immunized individuals. Further analyses revealed a distinct peripheral immune cell phenotype associated with CoronaVac immunization (HLA class II upregulation and IL21R upregulation in naïve B cells) versus SARS-CoV-2 infection (HLA class II downregulation and IL21R downregulation in naïve B cells from severe disease individuals). There were also differences in the expression of important genes associated with proinflammatory cytokines and thrombosis. In conclusion, this study provides a single-cell atlas of the systemic immune response to CoronaVac immunization and revealed distinct immune responses between inactivated vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's HospitalSanyaHainanP. R. China
| | | | - Jieqiong Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xiaodai Cui
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijingP. R. China
| | - Hailan Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and ImmunologyCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingP. R. China
| | - Shaojin Chen
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's HospitalSanyaHainanP. R. China
| | - Jin Fu
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijingP. R. China
| | - Licheng Wang
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's HospitalSanyaHainanP. R. China
| | - Chongzhen Wang
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's HospitalSanyaHainanP. R. China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's HospitalSanyaHainanP. R. China
| | - Qingguo Cai
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's HospitalSanyaHainanP. R. China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Experimental Research Center, Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijingP. R. China
| | - Junfei Huang
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease of Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuiyangP. R. China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingP.R. China
| | - Shijun Li
- Laboratory of Infectious Disease of Experimental Center, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuiyangP. R. China
| | - Xiong Zhu
- Central & Clinical Laboratory of Sanya People's HospitalSanyaHainanP. R. China
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijingP. R. China
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13
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Halim SA, Waqas M, Asim A, Khan M, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Discovering novel inhibitors of P2Y12 receptor using structure-based virtual screening, molecular dynamics simulation and MMPBSA approaches. Comput Biol Med 2022; 147:105743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Coumarin Derivatives Inhibit ADP-Induced Platelet Activation and Aggregation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134054. [PMID: 35807298 PMCID: PMC9268609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarin was first discovered in Tonka bean and then widely in other plants. Coumarin has an anticoagulant effect, and its derivative, warfarin, is a vitamin K analogue that inhibits the synthesis of clotting factors and is more widely used in the clinical treatment of endovascular embolism. At present, many artificial chemical synthesis methods can be used to modify the structure of coumarin to develop many effective drugs with low toxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of six coumarin derivatives on the platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP). We found that the six coumarin derivatives inhibited the active form of GPIIb/IIIa on platelets and hence inhibit platelet aggregation. We found that 7-hydroxy-3-phenyl 4H-chromen-4-one (7-hydroxyflavone) had the most severe effect. In addition, we further analyzed the downstream signal transduction of the ADP receptor, including the release of calcium ions and the regulation of cAMP, which were inhibited by the six coumarin derivatives selected in this study. These results suggest that coumarin derivatives inhibit coagulation by inhibiting the synthesis of coagulation factors and they may also inhibit platelet aggregation.
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15
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Apte G, Hirtz M, Nguyen TH. FluidFM-Based Fabrication of Nanopatterns: Promising Surfaces for Platelet Storage Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:24133-24143. [PMID: 35594573 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are cell fragments from megakaryocytes devoid of the cell nucleus. They are highly sensitive and easily activated by nonphysiological surfaces. Activated platelets have an intrinsic mechanism to release various proteins that participate in multiple pathways, initiating the platelet activation cascade. Surface-induced platelet activation is a challenge encountered during platelet storage, which eventually leads to aggregation of platelets and can thereby result in the degradation of the platelet concentrates. We have previously reported that surface-induced platelet activation can be minimized by either modifying their contact surfaces with polymers or introducing nanogroove patterns underneath the platelets. Here, we investigated the response of platelets to various nanotopographical surfaces printed using fluidic force microscopy (FluidFM). We found that the hemispherical array (grid) and hexagonal tile (hive) structures caused a reduction of surface stiffness, which leads to an inhibition of platelet adhesion. Our results reveal that nanopatterns enable the inhibition of platelet activation on surfaces, thus implying that development in nanotexturing of storage bags can extend the lifetime of platelet concentrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurunath Apte
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMFi), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Hirtz
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMFi), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thi-Huong Nguyen
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98694 Ilmenau, Germany
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16
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Gonzalez DA, Kumar R, Asif S, Bali A, Dang AK. Sepsis and Thrombocytopenia: A Nowadays Problem. Cureus 2022; 14:e25421. [PMID: 35774677 PMCID: PMC9236694 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ failure produced by a dysregulated host response to infection that involves 15.6% of hospital mortality. The most common signs and symptoms of sepsis are hypotension, tachypnea, fever, and leukocytosis, whether suspected or confirmed. Including a major one, thrombocytopenia is a sign that is an independent predictor of poor outcomes in patients with sepsis, increasing their mortality rate and their length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). So far, the ongoing treatment for this problem is securing the airway, treating hypoxemia, and providing vascular access for hydration, antibiotic delivery, and vasopressors, if needed. This article has reviewed the different possible mechanisms found for sepsis-associated thrombocytopenia, going from the most acknowledged one as decreased platelet production to the potential aftermath of sepsis itself as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). This article has also discussed the future treatment for patients suffering from thrombocytopenia and sepsis, going from phase I and II trials as GI antagonists to the well-known drug aspirin as a possible treatment for this problem.
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17
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Thakker RA, Salazar L, Jazar DA, Bhakta P, Baker B, Patel C, Elbadawi A, Agarwal M, Albaeni A, Saleh M, Esclovan J, El Haddad D, Alwash H, Kalra A, Goel SS, Widmer RJ, Chatila K, Khalife W, Motiwala A, McCracken J, Jneid H, Gilani S. Coronary Artery Disease and Aspirin Intolerance: Background and Insights on Current Management. Cardiol Ther 2022; 11:175-183. [PMID: 35344187 PMCID: PMC9135937 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-022-00255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin is one of the most widely used medications across the global healthcare system and is the foundation in treating ischemic heart disease, as well as secondary prevention for ischemic and valvular heart disease. Challenges arise in treating patients with cardiovascular disease who have concomitant aspirin intolerance. Through an extensive review of the literature, we provide a comprehensive background on the pharmacology of aspirin, the mechanisms behind aspirin intolerance, the importance of aspirin in cardiovascular disease, and the management of aspirin intolerance in both acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease. Our review includes a multidisciplinary approach from the internist, allergist/immunologist, and cardiologist when evaluating this important patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi A Thakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
| | - Leonardo Salazar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Deaa Abu Jazar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Pooja Bhakta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Bryan Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Chandani Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Ayman Elbadawi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mayank Agarwal
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Aiham Albaeni
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Mohammed Saleh
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Esclovan
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Danielle El Haddad
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Hashim Alwash
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ankur Kalra
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sachin S Goel
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Jay Widmer
- Division of Cardiology, Scott and White Heart Memorial Hospital, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Khaled Chatila
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Wissam Khalife
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Afaq Motiwala
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer McCracken
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Hani Jneid
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Syed Gilani
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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18
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Burugupalli S, Smith AAT, Oshlensky G, Huynh K, Giles C, Wang T, George A, Paul S, Nguyen A, Duong T, Mellett N, Cinel M, Mir SA, Chen L, Wenk MR, Karnani N, Collier F, Saffery R, Vuillermin P, Ponsonby AL, Burgner D, Meikle P. Ontogeny of circulating lipid metabolism in pregnancy and early childhood: a longitudinal population study. eLife 2022; 11:72779. [PMID: 35234611 PMCID: PMC8942471 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is mounting evidence that in utero and early life exposures may predispose an individual to metabolic disorders in later life; and dysregulation of lipid metabolism is critical in such outcomes. However, there is limited knowledge about lipid metabolism and factors causing lipid dysregulation in early life that could result in adverse health outcomes in later life. We studied the effect of antenatal factors such as gestational age, birth weight and mode of birth on lipid metabolism at birth; changes in the circulating lipidome in the first four years of life and the effect of breastfeeding in the first year of life. From this study, we aim to generate a framework for deeper understanding into factors effecting lipid metabolism in early life, to provide early interventions for those at risk of developing metabolic disorders including cardiovascular diseases. Methods and findings: We performed comprehensive lipid profiling of 1074 mother-child dyads in the Barwon Infant Study (BIS), a population based pre-birth cohort and measured 776 distinct lipid species across 42 lipid classes using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). We measured lipids in 1032 maternal serum samples at 28 weeks' gestation, 893 cord serum samples at birth, 793, 735, and 511 plasma samples at six, twelve months, and four years, respectively. The lipidome differed between mother and newborn and changed markedly with increasing child's age. Cord serum was enriched with long chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), and corresponding cholesteryl esters relative to the maternal serum. Alkenylphosphatidylethanolamine species containing LC-PUFAs increased with child's age, whereas the corresponding lysophospholipids and triglycerides decreased. We performed regression analyses to investigate the associations of cord serum lipid species with antenatal factors: gestational age, birth weight, mode of birth and duration of labor. Majority of the cord serum lipids were strongly associated with gestational age and birth weight, with most lipids showing opposing associations. Each mode of birth showed an independent association with cord serum lipids. Breastfeeding had a significant impact on the plasma lipidome in the first year of life, with upto 17-fold increases in a few species of alkyldiaclylglycerols at 6 months of age. Conclusions: This study sheds light on lipid metabolism in infancy and early childhood and provide a framework to define the relationship between lipid metabolism and health outcomes in early childhood. Funding Statement: This work was supported by the A*STAR-NHMRC joint call funding (1711624031).
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Affiliation(s)
- Satvika Burugupalli
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Gavriel Oshlensky
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Corey Giles
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourn, Australia
| | - Tingting Wang
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexandra George
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sudip Paul
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anh Nguyen
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thy Duong
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Natalie Mellett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle Cinel
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Chen
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Collier
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | - David Burgner
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Peter Meikle
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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19
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COVID-19 and Panax ginseng: Targeting platelet aggregation, thrombosis and the coagulation pathway. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:175-182. [PMID: 35068944 PMCID: PMC8767971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only targets the respiratory system but also triggers a cytokine storm and a series of complications, such as gastrointestinal problems, acute kidney injury, and myocardial ischemia. The use of natural products has been utilized to ease the symptoms of COVID-19, and in some cases, to strengthen the immune system against COVID-19. Natural products are readily available and have been regularly consumed for various health benefits. COVID-19 has been reported to be associated with the risk of thromboembolism and deep vein thrombosis. These thrombotic complications often affects mortality and morbidity. Panax ginseng, which has been widely consumed for its various health benefits has also been reported for its therapeutic effects against cardiovascular disease, thrombosis and platelet aggregation. In this review, we propose that P. ginseng can be consumed as a supplementation against the various associated complications of COVID-19, especially against thrombosis. We utilized the network pharmacology approach to validate the potential therapeutic properties of P. ginseng against COVID-19 mediated thrombosis, the coagulation pathway and platelet aggregation. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the roles of P. ginseng against COVID-19 with the involvement of platelet-leukocyte aggregates in relation to immunity-related responses in COVID-19.
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20
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Rajagopal S, Gupta A, Parveen R, Shukla N, Bhattacharya S, Naravula J, Kumar S A, Mathur P, Simlot A, Mehta S, Bihari C, Mehta S, Mishra AK, Nair BG, Medicherla KM, Reddy GB, Sreenivasulu N, Kishor PK, Suravajhala P. Vitamin K in human health and metabolism: A nutri-genomics review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Mai S, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Pancreatic Cancer and Platelets Crosstalk: A Potential Biomarker and Target. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:749689. [PMID: 34858977 PMCID: PMC8631477 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have been recognized as key players in hemostasis, thrombosis, and cancer. Preclinical and clinical researches evidenced that tumorigenesis and metastasis can be promoted by platelets through a wide variety of crosstalk between cancer cells and platelets. Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the relationship between pancreatic cancer and platelets in clinical diagnosis is described, the interplay between pancreatic cancer and platelets, the underlying pathological mechanism and pathways remain a matter of intensive study. This review summaries recent researches in connections between platelets and pancreatic cancer. The existing data showed different underlying mechanisms were involved in their complex crosstalk. Typically, pancreatic tumor accelerates platelet aggregation which forms thrombosis. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles released by platelets promote communication in a neoplastic microenvironment and illustrate how these interactions drive disease progression. We also discuss the advantages of novel model organoids in pancreatic cancer research. A more in-depth understanding of tumor and platelets crosstalk which is based on organoids and translational therapies may provide potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoshan Mai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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22
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V V, Achar RR, M.U H, N A, T YS, Kameshwar VH, Byrappa K, Ramadas D. Venom peptides - A comprehensive translational perspective in pain management. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 2:329-340. [PMID: 34604795 PMCID: PMC8473576 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Venom peptides have been evolving complex therapeutic interventions that potently and selectively modulate a range of targets such as ion channels, receptors, and signaling pathways of physiological processes making it potential therapeutic. Several venom peptides were deduced in vivo for clinical development targeting pain management, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, antimicrobial activity. Several contributions have been detailed for a clear perspective for a better understanding of venomous animals, their venom, and their pharmacological effects. Here we unravel and summarize the recent advances in wide venom peptides across varieties of species for their therapeutics prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya V
- K. S Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be) University, Mangalore 575015, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, S.S. Nagar, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Himathi M.U
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, S.S. Nagar, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshita N
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, S.S. Nagar, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Yogish Somayaji T
- Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Biochemistry, St. Aloysius College (Autonomous), Mangalore 575003, Karnataka, India
| | - Vivek Hamse Kameshwar
- School of Natural Science, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara-571448, Nangamangala, Mandya, India
- School of Natural Sciences, ACU-CRI, Adichunchanagiri University, BGSIT Campus, B.G. Nagara-571448, Nagamangala, Mandya, India
| | - K. Byrappa
- School of Natural Sciences, ACU-CRI, Adichunchanagiri University, BGSIT Campus, B.G. Nagara-571448, Nagamangala, Mandya, India
- Center for Material Science and Technology, Vijnana Bhavan, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dinesha Ramadas
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, AIMS, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara-571448, Nagamangala, Mandya, India
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23
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Ali B, Khan A, Alyami HS, Ullah M, Wahab A, Badshah M, Naz A. Evaluation of the effect of carrier material on modification of release characteristics of poor water soluble drug from liquisolid compacts. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249075. [PMID: 34339440 PMCID: PMC8328342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquisolid compact is a novel dosage form in which a liquid medication (liquid drug, drug solution/dispersion in non-volatile solvent/solvent system) is converted to a dry, free flowing powder and compressed. Objective of the study was to elucidate the effect of carrier material on release characteristics of clopidogrel from liquisolid compacts. Different formulations of liquisolid compacts were developed using microcrystalline cellulose, starch maize, polyvinyl pyrollidone and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as carrier material in three concentrations (40, 30 and 20%, w/w). Liquid vehicle was selected on the basis of solubility of clopidogrel. Colloidal silicondioxide was used as coating material and ratio of carrier to coating material was kept 10. A control formulation comprised of microcrystalline cellulose (diluents), tabletose-80 (diluents), primojel (disintegrant) and magnesium stearate (lubricant) was prepared by direct compression technique and was used for comparison. All the formulations were evaluated at pre and post compression level. Acid solubility profile showed higher solubility in HCl buffer pH2 (296.89±3.49 μg/mL). Mixture of propylene glycol and water (2:1, v/v) was selected as liquid vehicle. Drug content was in the range of 99–101% of the claimed quantity. All the formulations showed better mechanical strength and their friability was within the official limits (<1%). Microcrystalline cellulose and starch maize resulted in faster drug release while polyvinyl pyrollidone and HPMC resulted in sustaining drug release by gel formation. It is concluded from results that both fast release and sustained release of clopidogrel can be achieved by proper selection of carrier material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hamad S. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majeed Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahab
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat, Pakistan
| | | | - Attiqa Naz
- Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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24
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Surapinit S, Baisaeng N. Macrostachyols A-D, oligostilbenes from Gnetum macrostachyum inhibited in vitro human platelet aggregation. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2021.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Gnetum macrostachyum is a known Thai medicinal plant as a source of bioactive oligostilbenes, which possess platelet inhibitory activities. The study aimed to evaluate the in vitro human platelet aggregation inhibitory activities of macrostachyols A-D (compounds 1-4) isolated from the roots of G. macrostachyum. Methods: The in vitro human platelet aggregation assay was assayed with a 96-well microtiter plate format. The well-known aggregating agents were used to investigate the possible mechanism of inhibition, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (AA), thromboxane A2 analog (U-46619), collagen, thrombin, and thrombin receptor-activating peptide-6 (TRAP-6). Results: Compound 1 was more potent than ibuprofen (positive control) on the adenosine diphosphate- induced platelet aggregation assay (P < 0.05). Compound 3 was more potent than 1, 2, and 4 (P < 0.05), but all active oligostilbenes were less potent than the positive control (P < 0.05) on the arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation assay. The oligostilbenes 1, 2, 3, and 4 also displayed the inhibitory effects on the U-46619-induced platelet aggregation. The tetrameric stilbenes 1 was the only compound that exhibited inhibitory effects on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation without TRAP-6 mediated platelet aggregation. Conclusion: The findings revealed the inhibitory effects of oligostilbenes on human platelet aggregation through a target-specific experimental design. It suggests that oligostilbenes from this plant might be applied as antiplatelet aggregation agents in platelet hyperreactivity- related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serm Surapinit
- Unit of Excellence in Integrative Molecular Biomedicine, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Nuttakorn Baisaeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
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25
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Alves-Silva JM, Zuzarte M, Girão H, Salgueiro L. The Role of Essential Oils and Their Main Compounds in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123506. [PMID: 34207498 PMCID: PMC8227493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a global health burden that greatly impact patient quality of life and account for a huge number of deaths worldwide. Despite current therapies, several side effects have been reported that compromise patient adherence; thus, affecting therapeutic benefits. In this context, plant metabolites, namely volatile extracts and compounds, have emerged as promising therapeutic agents. Indeed, these compounds, in addition to having beneficial bioactivities, are generally more amenable and present less side effects, allowing better patient tolerance. The present review is an updated compilation of the studies carried out in the last 20 years on the beneficial potential of essential oils, and their compounds, against major risk factors of CVDs. Overall, these metabolites show beneficial potential through a direct effect on these risk factors, namely hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, or by acting on related targets, or exerting general cellular protection. In general, monoterpenic compounds are the most studied regarding hypotensive and anti-dyslipidemic/antidiabetic properties, whereas phenylpropanoids are very effective at avoiding platelet aggregation. Despite the number of studies performed, clinical trials are sparse and several aspects related to essential oil’s features, namely volatility and chemical variability, need to be considered in order to guarantee their efficacy in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M. Alves-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.M.A.-S.); (M.Z.); (H.G.)
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.M.A.-S.); (M.Z.); (H.G.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.M.A.-S.); (M.Z.); (H.G.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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26
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Jin H, Guo YR, Kim MS, Pil GM, Werlinger Bravo PL, Shin MB, Cha SY, Maeng S, Lee MJ, Park H, Suh JW. Effect of ACG-1, an Extract Blend of Angelica gigas, Cynanchum wilfordii, and Ginkgo biloba, on Blood Circulation Improvement Via Antiplatelet Aggregation and Antihyperlipidemia. J Med Food 2021; 24:135-144. [PMID: 33617365 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis causes poor blood circulation, which may lead to several cardiovascular disorders. Antiplatelet aggregation and antihyperlipidemia are the key processes that improve blood circulation. The antiplatelet aggregation and antihyperlipidemic effects of ACG-1, a mixture of Angelica gigas, Cynanchum wilfordii, and Ginkgo biloba extracts, were investigated in this study. The antiplatelet aggregation activity of ACG-1 was determined by studying its effects on collagen-induced platelet aggregation in human platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In addition, the effects of ACG-1 were investigated in a thromboembolism mouse model. The high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse model was used to investigate the antihyperlipidemic effects of ACG-1 and western blotting assay was performed to elucidate its mechanism of action. It was observed that ACG-1 significantly inhibited platelet aggregation in human PRP. Furthermore, ACG-1 showed protective effects in a thromboembolism mouse model induced by administering a mixed collagen and epinephrine intravenous injection. Oral administration of ACG-1 also significantly ameliorated blood lipid profiles in the HFD-fed mouse model. In conclusion, ACG-1 should be considered a powerful functional food to improve blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Yuan-Ri Guo
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea.,Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Min Sang Kim
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Gam Mai Pil
- College of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Pia Loreto Werlinger Bravo
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation Collage of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Myeong Bae Shin
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Seung-Yun Cha
- College of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Sungho Maeng
- College of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Mi Jin Lee
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea
| | | | - Joo Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea
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27
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Herath TD, Paturi G, Butts CA, Sansom CE, Morgenstern MP. In vitro
and
in vivo
effects of carrot on human blood platelet aggregation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanuja D. Herath
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Private Bag 11600 Palmerston North4442New Zealand
| | - Gunaranjan Paturi
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Private Bag 92169 Auckland1142New Zealand
| | - Christine A. Butts
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Private Bag 11600 Palmerston North4442New Zealand
| | - Catherine E. Sansom
- Department of Chemistry The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited University of Otago P.O. Box 56 Dunedin9054New Zealand
| | - Marco P. Morgenstern
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Private Bag 4704 Christchurch8140New Zealand
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28
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Geranpayehvaghei M, Dabirmanesh B, Khaledi M, Atabakhshi-Kashi M, Gao C, Taleb M, Zhang Y, Khajeh K, Nie G. Cancer-associated-platelet-inspired nanomedicines for cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1702. [PMID: 33538125 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Platelets, with hemostasis and thrombosis activities, are one of the key components in the blood circulation. As a guard, they rapidly respond to any abnormal blood vessel injury signal and release their granules' contents, which induce their adhesion and aggregation on wound site for hemostasis. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that platelets are critically involved in the growth and metastasis of cancer cells by releasing a variety of cytokines and chemokines to stimulate cancer cell proliferation and various angiogenic regulators to accelerate tumor angiogenesis. Platelets also secrete active transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) to promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells and their extravasation from primary site, and form microthrombus on the surface of cancer cells to protect them from immune attack and high-speed shear force in the circulation. Therefore, blocking platelet-cancer cell interaction may be an attractive strategy to treat primary tumor and/or prevent cancer metastasis. However, systemic inhibition or depletion of platelets brings risk of severe bleeding complication. Cancer-associated-platelets-targeted nanomedicines and biomimetic nanomedicines coated with platelet membrane can be used for targeted anticancer drug delivery, due to their natural targeting ability to tumor cells and platelets. In the current review, we first summarized the platelet mechanisms of action in physiological condition and their multiple roles in cancer progression and conventional antiplatelet therapeutics. We then highlighted the recent progress on the design and fabrication of cancer-associated-platelet-targeted nanomedicines and platelet membrane coating nanomedicines for cancer therapy. Finally, we discussed opportunities and challenges and offered our thoughts for the future development. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Geranpayehvaghei
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Nanobiotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaledi
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Atabakhshi-Kashi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mohammad Taleb
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Nanobiotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, China
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29
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Liu S, Wang Z, Tian X, Cai W. Predicting the Effects of CYP2C19 and Carboxylesterases on Vicagrel, a Novel P2Y12 Antagonist, by Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling Approach. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:591854. [PMID: 33424602 PMCID: PMC7793822 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.591854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vicagrel, a novel acetate derivative of clopidogrel, exhibits a favorable safety profile and excellent antiplatelet activity. Studies aim at identifying genetic and non-genetic factors affecting vicagrel metabolic enzymes Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19), Carboxylesterase (CES) 1 and 2 (CES1 and CES2), which may potentially lead to altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, are warranted. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model incorporating vicagrel and its metabolites was constructed, verified and validated in our study, which could simultaneously characterize its sequential two step metabolism and clinical response. Simulations were then performed to evaluate the effects of CYP2C19, CES1 and CES2 genetic polymorphisms as well as inhibitors of these enzymes on vicagrel pharmacokinetics and antiplatelet effects. Results suggested vicagrel was less influenced by CYP2C19 metabolic phenotypes and CES1 428 G > A variation, in comparison to clopidogrel. No pharmacokinetic difference in the active metabolite was also noted for volunteers carrying different CES2 genotypes. Omeprazole, a CYP2C19 inhibitor, and simvastatin, a CES1 and CES2 inhibitor, showed weak impact on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of vicagrel. This is the first study proposing a dynamic PBPK/PD model of vicagrel able to capture its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles simultaneously. Simulations indicated that genetic polymorphisms and drug-drug interactions showed no clinical relevance for vicagrel, suggesting its potential advantages over clopidogrel for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Our model can be utilized to support further clinical trial design aiming at exploring the effects of genetic polymorphisms and drug-drug interactions on PK and PD of this novel antiplatelet agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziteng Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weimin Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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30
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Oualla-Bachiri W, Fernández-González A, Quiñones-Vico MI, Arias-Santiago S. From Grafts to Human Bioengineered Vascularized Skin Substitutes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8197. [PMID: 33147759 PMCID: PMC7662999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin plays an important role in the maintenance of the human's body physiological homeostasis. It acts as a coverage that protects against infective microorganism or biomechanical impacts. Skin is also implied in thermal regulation and fluid balance. However, skin can suffer several damages that impede normal wound-healing responses and lead to chronic wounds. Since the use of autografts, allografts, and xenografts present source limitations and intense rejection associated problems, bioengineered artificial skin substitutes (BASS) have emerged as a promising solution to address these problems. Despite this, currently available skin substitutes have many drawbacks, and an ideal skin substitute has not been developed yet. The advances that have been produced on tissue engineering techniques have enabled improving and developing new arising skin substitutes. The aim of this review is to outline these advances, including commercially available skin substitutes, to finally focus on future tissue engineering perspectives leading to the creation of autologous prevascularized skin equivalents with a hypodermal-like layer to achieve an exemplary skin substitute that fulfills all the biological characteristics of native skin and contributes to wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasima Oualla-Bachiri
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain; (W.O.-B.); (M.I.Q.-V.); (S.A.-S.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-González
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain; (W.O.-B.); (M.I.Q.-V.); (S.A.-S.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María I. Quiñones-Vico
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain; (W.O.-B.); (M.I.Q.-V.); (S.A.-S.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain; (W.O.-B.); (M.I.Q.-V.); (S.A.-S.)
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Dermatology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Dermatology Department, School of Medicine, Granada University, 18016 Granada, Spain
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31
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Garcia A, Dunoyer-Geindre S, Fish RJ, Neerman-Arbez M, Reny JL, Fontana P. Methods to Investigate miRNA Function: Focus on Platelet Reactivity. Thromb Haemost 2020; 121:409-421. [PMID: 33124028 PMCID: PMC8263142 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs modulating protein production. They are key players in regulation of cell function and are considered as biomarkers in several diseases. The identification of the proteins they regulate, and their impact on cell physiology, may delineate their role as diagnostic or prognostic markers and identify new therapeutic strategies. During the last 3 decades, development of a large panel of techniques has given rise to multiple models dedicated to the study of miRNAs. Since plasma samples are easily accessible, circulating miRNAs can be studied in clinical trials. To quantify miRNAs in numerous plasma samples, the choice of extraction and purification techniques, as well as normalization procedures, are important for comparisons of miRNA levels in populations and over time. Recent advances in bioinformatics provide tools to identify putative miRNAs targets that can then be validated with dedicated assays. In vitro and in vivo approaches aim to functionally validate candidate miRNAs from correlations and to understand their impact on cellular processes. This review describes the advantages and pitfalls of the available techniques for translational research to study miRNAs with a focus on their role in regulating platelet reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Garcia
- Geneva Platelet Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Richard J Fish
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marguerite Neerman-Arbez
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Reny
- Geneva Platelet Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Fontana
- Geneva Platelet Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Hiffler L, Rakotoambinina B. Selenium and RNA Virus Interactions: Potential Implications for SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19). Front Nutr 2020; 7:164. [PMID: 33015130 PMCID: PMC7498630 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that already claimed more than 340,000 lives worldwide as of May 23, 2020, the majority of which are elderly. Selenium (Se), a natural trace element, has a key and complex role in the immune system. It is well-documented that Se deficiency is associated with higher susceptibility to RNA viral infections and more severe disease outcome. In this article, we firstly present evidence on how Se deficiency promotes mutations, replication and virulence of RNA viruses. Next, we review how Se might be beneficial via restoration of host antioxidant capacity, reduction of apoptosis and endothelial cell damages as well as platelet aggregation. It also appears that low Se status is a common finding in conditions considered at risk of severe COVID-19, especially in the elderly. Finally, we present a rationale for Se use at different stages of COVID-19. Se has been overlooked but may have a significant place in COVID-19 spectrum management, particularly in vulnerable elderly, and might represent a game changer in the global response to COVID-19.
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33
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Gant P, McBride D, Humm K. Abnormal platelet activity in dogs and cats - impact and measurement. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:3-18. [PMID: 31919851 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal platelet activity can either lead to bleeding tendencies or inappropriate thrombus formation and can occur secondarily to a wide variety of disease processes, with a range of clinical consequences and severity. This article will discuss the pathophysiology of platelet function abnormalities and consider a logical diagnostic approach applicable to veterinary practice. Recent advances in platelet function testing will then be discussed, with regards to detection of platelet dysfunction and tailoring of pharmacological manipulation. Although many of these tests are still confined to research or academic institutions, techniques for indirectly assessing platelet function are starting to become more widely available. Although we still require further research to develop guidelines for the use of these tests in clinical decision-making, the recent advances in this field are an exciting step forward in being able to detect and manage platelet dysfunction in both primary care and referral practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gant
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA), The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - D McBride
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA), The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - K Humm
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA), The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
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Foster H, Wilson C, Philippou H, Foster R. Progress toward a Glycoprotein VI Modulator for the Treatment of Thrombosis. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12213-12242. [PMID: 32463237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic thrombus formation accounts for the etiology of many serious conditions including myocardial infarction, stroke, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Despite the development of numerous anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, the mortality rate associated with these diseases remains high. In recent years, however, significant epidemiological evidence and clinical models have emerged to suggest that modulation of the glycoprotein VI (GPVI) platelet receptor could be harnessed as a novel antiplatelet strategy. As such, many peptidic agents have been described in the past decade, while more recent efforts have focused on the development of small molecule modulators. Herein the rationale for targeting GPVI is summarized and the published GPVI modulators are reviewed, with particular focus on small molecules. A qualitative pharmacophore hypothesis for small molecule ligands at GPVI is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Foster
- School of Chemistry and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Clare Wilson
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Helen Philippou
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Richard Foster
- School of Chemistry and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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35
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Bioactive Lipid Signaling in Cardiovascular Disease, Development, and Regeneration. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061391. [PMID: 32503253 PMCID: PMC7349721 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death globally. Understanding and characterizing the biochemical context of the cardiovascular system in health and disease is a necessary preliminary step for developing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring cardiovascular function. Bioactive lipids are a class of dietary-dependent, chemically heterogeneous lipids with potent biological signaling functions. They have been intensively studied for their roles in immunity, inflammation, and reproduction, among others. Recent advances in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques have revealed a staggering number of novel bioactive lipids, most of them unknown or very poorly characterized in a biological context. Some of these new bioactive lipids play important roles in cardiovascular biology, including development, inflammation, regeneration, stem cell differentiation, and regulation of cell proliferation. Identifying the lipid signaling pathways underlying these effects and uncovering their novel biological functions could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies aimed at CVD and cardiovascular regeneration.
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36
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The Role of Serum Calcium Level in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Hematoma Expansion: Is There Any? Neurocrit Care 2020; 31:188-195. [PMID: 29951959 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-018-0564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke, with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Even with the best current medical or surgical interventions, outcomes remain poor. The location and initial hematoma volume are strong predictors of mortality. Hematoma expansion (HE) is a further marker of poor prognosis that may be at least partly preventable. Several risk factors for HE have been identified, including baseline ICH volume, anticoagulation, and computed tomography angiography spot signs. Recent studies have shown the correlation of serum calcium (Ca++) levels on admission with HE. Low serum Ca++ level has been associated with larger hematoma volume at the time of presentation, HE, and worse outcome. Although the causal and mechanistic links between low serum Ca++ level and HE are not well understood, several mechanisms have been proposed including coagulopathy, platelet dysfunction, and higher blood pressure (BP) in the context of low serum Ca++ level. However, low serum Ca++ level might be only a biomarker of the adaptive response due to acute inflammatory response following acute ICH. The purpose of the current review is to discuss the evidence regarding the possible role of low serum Ca++ level on HE in acute ICH.
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Garshick MS, Tawil M, Barrett TJ, Salud-Gnilo CM, Eppler M, Lee A, Scher JU, Neimann AL, Jelic S, Mehta NN, Fisher EA, Krueger JG, Berger JS. Activated Platelets Induce Endothelial Cell Inflammatory Response in Psoriasis via COX-1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1340-1351. [PMID: 32131611 PMCID: PMC7180109 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.314008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with psoriasis have impaired vascular health and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD). Platelets are key players in the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction in cardiovascular disease and represent therapeutic targets in cardiovascular prevention. The object of this study was to define the platelet phenotype and effector cell properties on vascular health in psoriasis and evaluate whether aspirin modulates the platelet-induced phenotype. Approach and Results: Platelets from psoriasis patients (n=45) exhibited increased platelet activation (relative to age- and gender-matched controls, n=18), which correlated with psoriasis skin severity. Isolated platelets from psoriasis patients demonstrated a 2- to 3-fold (P<0.01) increased adhesion to human aortic endothelial cells and induced proinflammatory transcriptional changes, including upregulation of IL 8 (interleukin 8), IL1β, and Cox (cyclooxygenase)-2 Platelet RNA sequencing revealed an interferon signature and elevated expression of COX-1, which correlated with psoriasis disease severity (r=0.83, P=0.01). In a randomized trial of patients with psoriasis, 2 weeks of 81 mg low-dose aspirin, a COX-1 inhibitor, reduced serum thromboxane (Tx) B2 and reduced brachial vein endothelial proinflammatory transcript expression >70% compared with the no-treatment group (P<0.01). Improvement in brachial vein endothelial cell inflammation significantly correlated with change in serum TxB2 (r=0.48, P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS In patients with psoriasis, platelets are activated and induce endothelial cell inflammation. Low-dose aspirin improved endothelial cell health in psoriasis via platelet COX-1 inhibition. These data demonstrate a previously unappreciated role of platelets in psoriasis and endothelial cell inflammation and suggests that aspirin may be effective in improving vascular health in patients with psoriasis. Registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03228017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Garshick
- Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
| | - Michael Tawil
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
| | - Tessa J. Barrett
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
| | | | - Michael Eppler
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
| | - Angela Lee
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
| | - Jose U. Scher
- Psoriatic Arthritis Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
| | - Andrea L. Neimann
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine
| | - Sanja Jelic
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center
| | - Nehal N. Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Edward A. Fisher
- Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
| | - James G. Krueger
- Psoriatic Arthritis Center, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
| | - Jeffrey S. Berger
- Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine
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38
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Hiffler L, Rakotoambinina B. Selenium and RNA Virus Interactions: Potential Implications for SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19). Front Nutr 2020. [PMID: 33015130 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3594240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that already claimed more than 340,000 lives worldwide as of May 23, 2020, the majority of which are elderly. Selenium (Se), a natural trace element, has a key and complex role in the immune system. It is well-documented that Se deficiency is associated with higher susceptibility to RNA viral infections and more severe disease outcome. In this article, we firstly present evidence on how Se deficiency promotes mutations, replication and virulence of RNA viruses. Next, we review how Se might be beneficial via restoration of host antioxidant capacity, reduction of apoptosis and endothelial cell damages as well as platelet aggregation. It also appears that low Se status is a common finding in conditions considered at risk of severe COVID-19, especially in the elderly. Finally, we present a rationale for Se use at different stages of COVID-19. Se has been overlooked but may have a significant place in COVID-19 spectrum management, particularly in vulnerable elderly, and might represent a game changer in the global response to COVID-19.
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39
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Hiffler L, Rakotoambinina B. Selenium and RNA Virus Interactions: Potential Implications for SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19). Front Nutr 2020. [PMID: 33015130 DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/vaqz6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that already claimed more than 340,000 lives worldwide as of May 23, 2020, the majority of which are elderly. Selenium (Se), a natural trace element, has a key and complex role in the immune system. It is well-documented that Se deficiency is associated with higher susceptibility to RNA viral infections and more severe disease outcome. In this article, we firstly present evidence on how Se deficiency promotes mutations, replication and virulence of RNA viruses. Next, we review how Se might be beneficial via restoration of host antioxidant capacity, reduction of apoptosis and endothelial cell damages as well as platelet aggregation. It also appears that low Se status is a common finding in conditions considered at risk of severe COVID-19, especially in the elderly. Finally, we present a rationale for Se use at different stages of COVID-19. Se has been overlooked but may have a significant place in COVID-19 spectrum management, particularly in vulnerable elderly, and might represent a game changer in the global response to COVID-19.
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40
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Ed Nignpense B, Chinkwo KA, Blanchard CL, Santhakumar AB. Polyphenols: Modulators of Platelet Function and Platelet Microparticle Generation? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010146. [PMID: 31878290 PMCID: PMC6981839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets and platelet microparticles (PMPs) play a key role in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders such as coronary artery disease and stroke. In atherosclerosis, for example, the disruption of the plaque exposes endogenous agonists such as collagen, which activates platelets. Platelet hyper-activation and the high levels of PMPs generated in such situations pose a thrombotic risk that can lead to strokes or myocardial infarctions. Interestingly, dietary polyphenols are gaining much attention due to their potential to mimic the antiplatelet activity of treatment drugs such as aspirin and clopidogrel that target the glycoprotein VI (GPVI)-collagen and cyclooxygenease-1 (COX-1)-thromboxane platelet activation pathways respectively. Platelet function tests such as aggregometry and flow cytometry used to monitor the efficacy of antiplatelet drugs can also be used to assess the antiplatelet potential of dietary polyphenols. Despite the low bioavailability of polyphenols, several in vitro and dietary intervention studies have reported antiplatelet effects of polyphenols. This review presents a summary of platelet function in terms of aggregation, secretion, activation marker expression, and PMP release. Furthermore, the review will critically evaluate studies demonstrating the impact of polyphenols on aggregation and PMP release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borkwei Ed Nignpense
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (B.E.N.); (K.A.C.); (C.L.B.)
| | - Kenneth A. Chinkwo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (B.E.N.); (K.A.C.); (C.L.B.)
- Australian Research Council (ARC), Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Christopher L. Blanchard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (B.E.N.); (K.A.C.); (C.L.B.)
- Australian Research Council (ARC), Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Abishek B. Santhakumar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (B.E.N.); (K.A.C.); (C.L.B.)
- Australian Research Council (ARC), Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-6933-2678
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41
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Alves-Silva JM, Zuzarte M, Marques C, Girão H, Salgueiro L. Protective Effects of Phenylpropanoids and Phenylpropanoid-rich Essential Oils on the Cardiovascular System. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:1459-1471. [PMID: 31218957 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190620091915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality with a tendency to increase due to population ageing as well as an increase in associated risk factors. Although current therapies improve survival rates, they are associated with several side effects, thus justifying the development of novel preventive and/or therapeutic approaches. In this way, plant metabolites such as essential oils have emerged as promising agents due to their biological effects. OBJECTIVE Bearing in mind that several essential oils are characterized by high amounts of phenylpropanoids, which may play a crucial role in the activity of these volatile extracts, a comprehensive and systematic review focusing on the cardiovascular effects of phenylpropanoid-rich essential oils is presented. METHODS Popular search engines including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar were consulted and papers from 2000 onwards were selected. Non-volatile phenylpropanoids were not considered in this review. RESULTS A compilation of the current knowledge on this thematic pointed out beneficial effects for volatile phenylpropanoids namely hypotensive, vasorelaxant, antiplatelet aggregation, antidyslipidaemic and antidiabetic, as well as protective properties against ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart hypertrophy. CONCLUSION A better understanding of the protective effects of phenylpropanoids on the cardiovascular system is presented, thus paving the way towards future research on plant-based therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Alves-Silva
- iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIEPQPF and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica Zuzarte
- iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Marques
- iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- CIEPQPF and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
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Smith JD, Narayanan P, Li N. Biomarkers of platelet dysfunction in non-clinical safety studies and humans. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Kosmas CE, Sourlas A, Mallarkey G, Silverio D, Ynoa DY, Montan PD, Guzman E, Garcia MJ. Therapeutic management of hyperlipoproteinemia (a). Drugs Context 2019; 8:212609. [PMID: 31555339 PMCID: PMC6752750 DOI: 10.7573/dic.212609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has consistently been the leading cause of death worldwide. Several clinical and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that an elevated plasma concentration of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a causative and independent major risk factor for the development of CVD, as well as calcific aortic valve stenosis. Thus, the therapeutic management of hyperlipoproteinemia (a) has received much attention, as significant reductions in Lp(a) levels may, potentially, favorably affect cardiovascular risk. Aspirin, niacin, estrogens, and statins, which act on different molecular pathways, may be prescribed to patients with mild or modest elevations of Lp(a) levels. Other therapeutic interventions, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, Lp(a) apheresis, and the novel antisense oligonucleotides APO(a)-Rx and APO(a)-LRx, which are being evaluated in ongoing clinical trials, have provided some promising results and can potentially be used in severe cases of hyperlipoproteinemia (a). This review aims to present and discuss the current clinical and scientific data pertaining to the therapeutic options for the management of hyperlipoproteinemia (a).
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine E Kosmas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Delia Silverio
- Cardiology Clinic, Cardiology Unlimited PC, New York, NY, USA
| | - Domingo Y Ynoa
- Cardiology Clinic, Cardiology Unlimited PC, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter D Montan
- Cardiology Clinic, Cardiology Unlimited PC, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eliscer Guzman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mario J Garcia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
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Chanthick C, Thongboonkerd V. Comparative proteomics reveals concordant and discordant biochemical effects of caffeine versus epigallocatechin-3-gallate in human endothelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 378:114621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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45
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Parvin A, Yaghmaei P, Noureddini M, Haeri Roohani SA, Aminzadeh S. Comparative effects of quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica boiss with atorvastatin on atherosclerosis complication in male wistar rats. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2875-2887. [PMID: 31572581 PMCID: PMC6766565 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of herbal remedies is significantly considered in the atherosclerosis treatment, reduction of fatty elements, and prevention of activity of oxidative stress factors. The present study was conducted on 48 rats in 6 groups. The experimental and sham groups were fed with 2% cholesterol for 40 days; and experimental groups were separately treated by atorvastatin, quercetin, and hydroalcoholic extract for 4 weeks. After treatment procedure, some serum factors such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated. Serum levels of LDL, TC, MDA, and ROS were significantly lower in experimental groups than sham group (p < .01). There was a significant decrease in serum MDA levels of these two groups in comparison with the atorvastatin-treated group (p < .05). Blood pressure parameters were decreased in treated with quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract in comparison with the sham group (p < .05). Quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract similar to atorvastatin could decrease serum lipids [except high-density lipoprotein (HDL)], oxidative stress factors, aorta contraction, weight gain, and blood pressure. These reagents improved the vascular structure and prevented the plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Parvin
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mehdi Noureddini
- Physiology Research CenterKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
- Gametogenesis Research CeneterKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
| | | | - Saeed Aminzadeh
- Bioprocess Engineering Research GroupNational Institute of Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyTehranIran
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Goal-directed platelet transfusions correct platelet dysfunction and may improve survival in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2019; 85:881-887. [PMID: 30124626 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000002047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet dysfunction, defined as adenosine diphosphate inhibition greater than 60% on thromboelastogram, is an independent predictor of increased mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). We changed our practice to transfuse platelets for all patients with severe TBI and platelet dysfunction. We hypothesized that platelet transfusions would correct platelet dysfunction and improve mortality in patients with severe TBI. METHODS This retrospective review included adult trauma patients admitted to our Level I trauma center from July 2015 to October 2016 with severe TBI (head Abbreviated Injury Scale score ≥ 3) who presented with platelet dysfunction and subsequently received a platelet transfusion. Serial thromboelastograms were obtained to characterize the impact of platelet transfusion on clot strength. Subsequently, the platelet transfusion group was compared to a group of historical controls with severe TBI patients and platelet dysfunction who did not receive platelet transfusion. RESULTS A total of 35 patients with severe TBI presented with platelet dysfunction. Following platelet transfusion clot strength improved as represented by decreased K time, increased α angle, maximum amplitude, and G-value, as well as correction of adenosine diphosphate inhibition. When comparing to 51 historic controls with severe TBI and platelet dysfunction, the 35 study patients who received a platelet transfusion had a lower mortality (9% vs. 35%; p = 0.005). In stepwise logistic regression, platelet transfusion was independently associated with decreased mortality (odds ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.06-0.92; p = 0.038). CONCLUSION In patients with severe TBI and platelet dysfunction, platelet transfusions correct platelet inhibition and may be associated with decreased mortality. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, level II.
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47
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Yee J, Kaide CG. Emergency Reversal of Anticoagulation. West J Emerg Med 2019; 20:770-783. [PMID: 31539334 PMCID: PMC6754204 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2018.5.38235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the propensity of anticoagulated patients to bleed, a strategy for reversal of anticoagulation induced by any of the common agents is essential. Many patients are anticoagulated with a variety of agents, including warfarin, low molecular weight heparin, and the direct oral anticoagulants such as factor Xa and factor IIa inhibitors. Patients may also be using antiplatelet agents. Recommendations to reverse bleeding in these patients are constantly evolving with the recent development of specific reversal agents. A working knowledge of hemostasis and the reversal of anticoagulation and antiplatelet drugs is required for every emergency department provider. This article reviews these topics and presents the currently recommended strategies for dealing with bleeding in the anticoagulated patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Yee
- Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Colin G Kaide
- Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
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Inhibition of Human Platelet Aggregation and Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation by Premna foetida Extract and Its Major Compounds. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081469. [PMID: 31013947 PMCID: PMC6514998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Many Premna species have been used in traditional medicine to treat hypertension and cardiac insufficiency, and as a tonic for cardiac-related problems. Some have been reported to possess cardiovascular protective activity through several possible mechanisms, but not Premna foetida. In the present study, the methanol extract of P. foetida leaves (PFM) and its isolated compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit copper-mediated human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and arachidonic acid (AA)- and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation. Six flavonoids, three triterpenoids, vanillic acid and stigmasterol were successfully isolated from PFM. Of the isolated compounds, quercetin was the most active against LDL oxidation (IC50 4.25 µM). The flavonols were more active than the flavones against LDL oxidation, suggesting that hydroxyl group at C-3 and the catechol moiety at B-ring may play important roles in protecting LDL from oxidation. Most tested flavonoids showed stronger inhibition towards AA-induced than the ADP-induced platelet aggregation with apigenin exhibiting the strongest effect (IC50 52.3 and 127.4 µM, respectively) while quercetin and kaempferol showed moderate activity. The results suggested that flavonoids, especially quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol were among the major constituents of P. foetida responsible for anti-LDL oxidation and anti-platelet aggregation.
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Synthesis of CC, CN coupled novel substituted dibutyl benzothiazepinone derivatives and evaluation of their thrombin inhibitory activity. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:142-154. [PMID: 30884308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of a thrombus is a key event in thromboembolic disorders, that contribute to high mortality and morbidity in affected patients. In the present study, we synthesized a library of novel substituted 3,3-dibutyl-8-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1,4] thiazepin-4(5H)-one derivatives which were tested for their platelet aggregation and thrombin inhibitory activity. Among the tested compounds, 3,3-dibutyl-7-(2-chlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b] [1,4]thiazepin-4(5H)-one (DCT) displayed the maximum thrombin inhibition with an IC50 value of 3.85 μM and thus DCT was chosen for further studies. Next, the effect of DCT on primary hemostasis was evaluated using agonist-induced platelet aggregation model. The lead compound inhibited the collagen- or ADP- or thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, DCT prolonged the process of clot formation when evaluating plasma re-calcification time (320 ± 11 sec at 5 µg DCT), activated partial thromboplastin time (58.0 ± 0.01 sec at 2 µg), and prothrombin time (14.7 ± 0.01 sec at 5 µg). Molecular docking studies suggested that the benzothiazepinones evaluated here consistently display hydrogen bonding with Ser214 of thrombin, which is similar to that of the co-crystallized ligand (1-(2R)-2-amino-3-phenyl-propanoyl-N-(2,5dichlorophenyl)methylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide). DCT displayed additional hydrogen bonding to Ser195 and π-π interactions between its methoxyphenyl groups and Trp60, thereby providing a structural rationale for the observed biological effect.
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Label-free quantification of protein expression in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in response to short-term exposure to heat stress. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 30:158-168. [PMID: 30851505 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are a cold-water salmonid species that is highly susceptible to heat stress. Summer temperature stress is a common issue in trout aquaculture. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of the heat-stress response in the trout, we used label-free quantitative proteome techniques to identify differentially expressed proteins in the livers of rainbow trout exposed to heat stress. We identified 3362 proteins and 152 differentially expressed proteins (p < 0.05; fold-change >2). Of these, 37 were uniquely expressed in the heat-stress group and 35 were uniquely expressed in the control group. In addition, 42 proteins were significantly upregulated (fold-change >2) and 38 proteins were significantly downregulated (fold-change >2). GO (Gene Ontology) analysis indicated that these differentially expressed proteins were primarily expressed in the nucleus, extracellular matrix, and cytoplasm, and were associated with a variety of functions, including protein binding/bridging and enzyme facilitation. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis of the differentially expressed proteins showed that, during high temperature stress, many biological processes were extensively altered, particularly the estrogen signaling pathway, the complement and coagulation cascades, and the platelet activation pathway. Our study focused on the identification of a systematic approach for the characterization of regulatory networks. Our results provide a framework for further studies of the heat-stress response in fish.
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