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Li M, Xu H, Ye L, Zhou S, Xie J, Liu C, Zhu J, He J, Fan Y, Xu X. Association of macular outward scleral height with axial length, macular choroidal thickness and morphologic characteristics of the optic disc in Chinese adults. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:923-929. [PMID: 37898715 PMCID: PMC10966051 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the relationship of macular outward scleral height (MOSH) with axial length (AL), macular choroidal thickness (ChT), peripapillary atrophy (PPA), and optic disc tilt in Chinese adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 1088 right eyes of 1088 participants were enrolled and assigned into high myopia (HM) and non-HM groups. MOSH was measured in the nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior directions using swept-source optical coherence tomography images. The clinical characteristics of MOSH and the association of MOSH with AL, macular ChT, PPA, and tilt ratio were analysed. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 37.31 ± 18.93 years (range, 18-86 years), and the mean AL was 25.78 ± 1.79 mm (range, 21.25-33.09 mm). MOSH was the highest in the temporal direction, followed by the superior, nasal, and inferior directions (all p < 0.001). The MOSH of HM eyes was significantly higher than that of non-HM eyes, and it was positively correlated with AL in the nasal, temporal, and superior directions (all p < 0.001). Macular ChT was independently associated with the average MOSH (B = -0.190, p < 0.001). Nasal MOSH was positively associated with the PPA area and the presence of a tilted optic disc (both p < 0.01). Eyes with a higher MOSH in the superior (odds ratio [OR] = 1.008; p < 0.001) and inferior directions (OR = 1.006; p = 0.009) were more likely to have posterior staphyloma. CONCLUSION MOSH is an early indicator of scleral deformation, and it is correlated positively with AL and negatively with ChT. A higher nasal MOSH is associated with a larger PPA area and the presence of a tilted optic disc. Higher MOSH values in the superior and inferior directions were risk factors for posterior staphyloma. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS gov (Reg. No. NCT03446300).
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Li
- Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photo Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Hannan Xu
- Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photo Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Luyao Ye
- Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photo Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Siheng Zhou
- Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photo Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jiamin Xie
- Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photo Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photo Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhu
- Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jiangnan He
- Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photo Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photo Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
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Zhang S, Chen Y, Li Z, Wang W, Xuan M, Zhang J, Hu Y, Chen Y, Xiao O, Yin Q, Zheng Y, He M, Han X. Axial Elongation Trajectories in Chinese Children and Adults With High Myopia. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:87-94. [PMID: 38153745 PMCID: PMC10870182 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.5835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Importance Understanding the long-term axial elongation trajectory in high myopia is important to prevent blindness. Objective To evaluate axial elongation trajectories and related visual outcomes in children and adults with high myopia. Design, Setting, and Participants In this cohort study, participants in the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre-Brien Holden Vision Institute high myopia cohort were followed up every other year for 8 years. Participants with axial length measurements at baseline (2011 or 2012) and at least 1 follow-up visit were included. Participants were grouped according to baseline age as children and adolescents (7 to <18 years), young adults (18 to <40 years), and older adults (≥40 to 70 years). Data were analyzed from November 1, 2022, to June 1, 2023. Exposure High myopia (spherical power ≤-6.00 diopters). Main Outcomes and Measures Longitudinal axial elongation trajectories were identified by cluster analysis. Axial elongation rates were calculated by linear mixed-effects models. A 2-sided P < .05 was defined as statistically significant. Results A total of 793 participants (median [range] age, 17.8 [6.8-69.7] years; 418 females [52.7%]) and 1586 eyes were included in the analyses. Mean axial elongation rates were 0.46 mm/y (95% CI, 0.44-0.48 mm/y) for children and adolescents, 0.07 mm/y (95% CI, 0.06-0.09 mm/y) for young adults, and 0.13 mm/y (95% CI, 0.07-0.19 mm/y) for older adults. Cluster analysis identified 3 axial elongation trajectories, with the stable, moderate, and rapid progression trajectories having mean axial elongation rates of 0.02 mm/y (95% CI, 0.01-0.02 mm/y), 0.12 mm/y (95% CI, 0.11-0.13 mm/y), and 0.38 mm/y (95% CI, 0.35-0.42 mm/y), respectively. At 8 years of follow-up, compared with the stable progression trajectory, the rapid progression trajectory was associated with a 6.92 times higher risk of developing pathological myopic macular degeneration (defined as diffuse or patchy chorioretinal atrophy or macular atrophy; odds ratio, 6.92 [95% CI, 1.07-44.60]; P = .04), and it was associated with a 0.032 logMAR decrease in best-corrected visual acuity (β = 0.032 [95% CI, 0.001-0.063]; P = .04). Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this 8-year follow-up study suggest that axial length in high myopia continues to increase from childhood to late adulthood following 3 distinct trajectories. At 8 years of follow-up, the rapid progression trajectory was associated with a higher risk of developing pathological myopic macular degeneration and poorer best-corrected visual acuity compared with the stable progression trajectory. These distinct axial elongation trajectories could prove valuable for early identification and intervention for high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxian Chen
- Experimental Ophthalmology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ou Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingguang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Experimental Ophthalmology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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Liu Y, Chen T, Jiang Y. What Should We Pay More Attention to Marfan Syndrome Expecting Ectopia Lentis: Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinal Manifestations. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030398. [PMID: 36983580 PMCID: PMC10053662 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This paper investigates the incidence and risk factors of retinal manifestations in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) in a Chinese cohort. (2) Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study. In total, 344 eyes (172 MFS participants) were enrolled, each of whom underwent a detailed ocular examination. B-scan ultrasonography, ultra-wide-angle fundus images and optical coherence tomography images were conducted to assess posterior staphyloma, types of retinal damages and maculopathy. (3) Results: MFS patients have a high proportion (32.5%) of maculopathy, among which atrophy is the most common type (27.6%). Compared with participants without maculopathy, participants with maculopathy had a longer axial length (AL), higher incidence of posterior staphyloma, macular split and retinal detachment (RD) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001). Moreover, the stage of RD has a significant correlation with longer AL and shallower anterior chamber depth (ACD) (p = 0.001 and p = 0.034, respectively). (4) Conclusions: A higher incidence and earlier onset of fundus lesions were found in MFS patients. Yearly systematic examination is recommended for MFS children with fundus manifestation until the cardiovascular and skeletal development is complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yongxiang Jiang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-021-64377134
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Kim YH, Ahn J, Kim KE. Multicolor Imaging for Detection of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Defect in Myopic Eyes With Glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 234:147-155. [PMID: 34314686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the diagnostic performance of multicolor imaging for detection of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects in myopic eyes with glaucoma. DESIGN Comparative diagnostic analysis. METHODS A total of 150 myopic eyes of 138 patients (< -1.00 diopter or axial length >24 mm) underwent multicolor imaging by Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH) optical coherence tomography (OCT). Two independent observers graded the RNFL visibility score and determined the location of the RNFL defect on each image. Readings were taken from the superior and inferior areas. The diagnostic performances of multicolor, green-reflectance, and blue-reflectance images for detection of the RNFL defect were compared with those of conventional fundus and red-free RNFL photographs. RESULTS The interobserver agreement on the RNFL visibility score was substantial for fundus and RNFL photographs and multicolor and green-reflectance images and was perfect for blue-reflectance images. The interobserver agreement on the location of the RNFL defect was better when using multicolor imaging than when using conventional photography. The green-reflectance image (2.89 ± 0.31) showed the highest RNFL visibility score, followed by blue-reflectance (2.88 ± 0.32) and multicolor (2.57 ± 0.63) images. The sensitivity of multicolor imaging (94.9%, 93.2%, and 91.5% for green-reflectance, blue-reflectance, and multicolor images, respectively) was significantly higher than that of fundus photography (83.1%) for detection of superotemporal RNFL defects (all P < .05). It was significantly higher for inferotemporal defects than those of fundus and RNFL photographs (all P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Multicolor imaging can visualize the glaucomatous RNFL defects in myopic eyes that are indistinguishable on conventional photography.
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Yan F, Wang C, Wilson JA, O'Connell M, Ton S, Davidson N, Sibichan M, Chambers K, Ahmed A, Summers J, Tang Q. Visually guided chick ocular length and structural thickness variations assessed by swept-source optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:6864-6881. [PMID: 34858685 PMCID: PMC8606122 DOI: 10.1364/boe.433333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Chicks are an excellent model for studying myopia. To study the change of the ocular structures in chicks, ultrasound is mostly used. However, it suffers from limited spatial resolution. In this study, we investigated the axial length (AL) and the thickness of different ocular structures in chicks' eye undergoing visually induced changes using a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system in vivo. Two groups of chicks wore a translucent plastic goggle (n = 6) over the right eye to induce form-deprivation myopia. Following 12 days of form deprivation, goggles were removed in one group of chicks (n = 3), and they were allowed to experience 5 days of unrestricted vision (recovery). Goggles remained in place for a total of 17 days for the remaining 3 chicks. A separate group of 3 chicks were untreated and served as normal control. Ocular dimensions were measured in control, myopic, and recovered eyes using an SS-OCT system. We found myopic chick eyes had significantly thicker AL, lens thickness (LT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and vitreous chamber depth (VCD), but significantly thinner retina thickness (RT) and choroid thickness (ChT) compared to the control eyes. Following 5 days of recovery, the cornea thickness (CT), retina pigment epithelium thickness (RPET), and ChT were significantly thicker, while the ACD and LT became significantly thinner compared to that of myopic eyes. SS-OCT can serve as a promising tool to provide measurements of the entire ocular structures, for evaluating the change of thickness and depth of different ocular structures in chicks in vivo. The change of AL in the myopic and recovered chick eyes can be attributed to the thickness alterations of different ocular structures. Altogether, this work demonstrated the feasibility of SS-OCT in chick myopic research and exhibited new insights into the changes of ocular structures in chicks experiencing myopia after unrestricted vision recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yan
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Chen Wang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Jayla A Wilson
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Michael O'Connell
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Sam Ton
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Noah Davidson
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Mourren Sibichan
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Kari Chambers
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Ahmed Ahmed
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
| | - Jody Summers
- Department of cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. OK 73126, USA
| | - Qinggong Tang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072, USA
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Kim HK, Kim SS. Factors associated with axial length elongation in high myopia in adults. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:1231-1236. [PMID: 34414089 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.08.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association of axial length (AL) and ocular factors on AL elongation. METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent two or more AL examinations for more than two years. Totally 4 groups were divided according to initial AL (<24 mm, 24-26 mm, 26-28 mm, ≥28 mm). Initial fundus photograph was used to find risk factors associated AL elongation. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 47.21±7.79y. AL remained almost unchanged in the groups with AL<24 mm and 24≤AL<26 mm. On the contrary, AL increased by 0.011 mm/y in the group with 26≤AL<28 mm and 0.035 mm/y in the group with AL≥28 mm (P<0.001). In high myopia, AL elongation increased in eye with longer AL (r=0.003, P=0.024), female gender (r=0.014, P=0.019), eye with larger peripapillary chorioretinal atrophic area (r=0.002, P=0.019), and smaller vascular arcade angle (r=-0.004, P=0.006). The risk of elongation 0.03 mm/y in high myopia was increased in female gender (P=0.040), and gradually increased in eye with large peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy area (P<0.01). CONCLUSION AL elongate significantly in the eye with longer AL, female gender, and the eye with larger atrophic area and smaller arcade angle on fundus photography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Kyu Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Yonsei University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Ohno-Matsui K, Wu PC, Yamashiro K, Vutipongsatorn K, Fang Y, Cheung CMG, Lai TYY, Ikuno Y, Cohen SY, Gaudric A, Jonas JB. IMI Pathologic Myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:5. [PMID: 33909033 PMCID: PMC8083114 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.5.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologic myopia is a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. Pathologic myopia is distinctly different from high myopia. High myopia is a high degree of myopic refractive error, whereas pathologic myopia is defined by a presence of typical complications in the fundus (posterior staphyloma or myopic maculopathy equal to or more serious than diffuse choroidal atrophy). Pathologic myopia often occurs in eyes with high myopia, however its complications especially posterior staphyloma can also occur in eyes without high myopia. Owing to a recent advance in ocular imaging, an objective and accurate diagnosis of pathologic myopia has become possible. Especially, optical coherence tomography has revealed novel lesions like dome-shaped macula and myopic traction maculopathy. Wide-field optical coherence tomography has succeeded in visualizing the entire extent of large staphylomas. The effectiveness of new therapies for complications have been shown, such as anti-VEGF therapies for myopic macular neovascularization and vitreoretinal surgery for myopic traction maculopathy. Myopia, especially childhood myopia, has been increasing rapidly in the world. In parallel with an increase in myopia, the prevalence of high myopia has also been increasing. However, it remains unclear whether or not pathologic myopia will increase in parallel with an increase of myopia itself. In addition, it has remained unclear whether genes responsible for pathologic myopia are the same as those for myopia in general, or whether pathologic myopia is genetically different from other myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pei-Chang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kenji Yamashiro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Otsu Red-Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | | | - Yuxin Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Timothy Y Y Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Yasushi Ikuno
- Ikuno Eye Center, 2-9-10-3F Juso-Higashi, Yodogawa-Ku, Osaka 532-0023, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Salomon Yves Cohen
- Centre Ophtalmologique d'Imagerie et de Laser, Paris, France.,Department of Ophthalmology and University Paris Est, Creteil, France
| | - Alain Gaudric
- Department of Ophthalmology, APHP, Hôpital Lariboisière and Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Meinert M, Ueno S, Komori S, Koyanagi Y, Sayo A, Andreasson S, Kominami T, Ito Y, Terasaki H. Longitudinal Changes of Macular Curvature in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:11. [PMID: 32974083 PMCID: PMC7488647 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.10.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the longitudinal changes of the macular curvature in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and to determine the factors associated with the changes. Methods We reviewed the medical charts of 107 RP patients, for whom the axial length of their right eyes ranged from 21.5 to 26.0 mm and who had had been followed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). The OCT images at the initial and the most recent examinations were compared. The mean curvature of Bruch's membrane within 6 mm of the central macula obtained from the OCT images was evaluated as the mean macular curvature index (MMCI). Changes in the MMCI and their relationships with other clinical factors, including the ellipsoid zone (EZ) width, were assessed. Results The MMCI decreased significantly in the vertical OCT images, from –15.47 × 10−5 µm−1 to –16.36 × 10−5 µm−1 (P = 0.008) during the mean observation period of 3.4 ± 1.4 years (mean ± SD). This indicated that the macular shape became more concave. The change to a steeper shape was more prominent in eyes with less photoreceptor degeneration and for which the EZ width was preserved at >2000 µm. In three eyes, the MMCI increased markedly by >5 × 10−5 µm−1, and this was accompanied by absorption of the macular edema. Conclusions The macular curvature in RP eyes becomes more concave in eyes with preserved EZ width. Translational Relevance Longitudinal changes of the macular curvature in RP should be considered in future therapies, such as the implantation of the retinal prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Meinert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shinji Ueno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiori Komori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshito Koyanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Sayo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sten Andreasson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Taro Kominami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuki Ito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroko Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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Yam JC, Tang SM, Kam KW, Chen LJ, Yu M, Law AK, Yip BH, Wang YM, Cheung CYL, Ng DSC, Young AL, Tham CC, Pang CP. High prevalence of myopia in children and their parents in Hong Kong Chinese Population: the Hong Kong Children Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2020; 98:e639-e648. [PMID: 31981300 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the myopia prevalence in Hong Kong Chinese children and their parents. METHODS It was a population-based cross-sectional study. A total of 4257 children aged 6-8 years, and 5880 parents were recruited in the Hong Kong Children Eye Study. Cycloplegic autorefraction was measured for children; and non-cycloplegic autorefraction for parents. Parental educational level, children's outdoor time, and near work were collected by validated questionnaires. RESULTS In children aged 6-8 years, 25.0% were myopic, and among them, 12.7% for the 6-year-olds, 24.4% for the 7-year-olds and 36.1% for the 8-year-old. About 0.7% of children aged 8 years were high myopia. In all age groups, boys (their myopia rate: 13.9% at 6 years, 26.7% at 7 years, and 38.3% at 8 years) were more myopic than girls (11.3% at 6 years, 22.0% at 7 years, 33.4% at 8 years). Among parents, 72.2% were myopic (mother, 73.2%; father, 70.7%) and 13.5% high myopia (mother, 12.8%; father, 14.5%). It was observed that prevalence decreased with ages and increased with education level. CONCLUSION There is a strikingly high prevalence of myopia in Hong Kong children aged 6-8, much higher than that of other regions of China. Of note, the prevalence of children was similar to that in 15 years ago. Furthermore, the myopia prevalence of parents is high, and it had already increased in this cohort. Prevention of childhood myopia is important, likewise for visual complications from high myopia in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shu Min Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Ka Wai Kam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Li Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Marco Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antony K Law
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Benjamin H Yip
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Meng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Carol Y L Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Danny S C Ng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Alvin L Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Clement C Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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10
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Analysis of macular curvature in normal eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2020; 64:180-186. [DOI: 10.1007/s10384-020-00721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Guo Y, Liu L, Zheng D, Duan J, Wang Y, Jonas JB, Tian F, Wang S, Sang Y, Zhang X, Cao W, Zhang J, Sun M, Tian Q, Meng X, Guo X, Wu L. Prevalence and Associations of Fundus Tessellation Among Junior Students From Greater Beijing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:4033-4040. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Guo
- Tongren Eye Care Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Duan
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Youxin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Feifei Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yujian Sang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyue Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoni Meng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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12
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Duan F, Yuan Z, Deng J, Wong YL, Yeo AC, Chen X. Choroidal Thickness and Associated Factors among Adult Myopia: A Baseline Report from a Medical University Student Cohort. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2019; 26:244-250. [DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2019.1597899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Duan
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Yuan
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Deng
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yee Ling Wong
- Vision Sciences, CI&T AMERA, Essilor International, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna Ch Yeo
- Vision Sciences, CI&T AMERA, Essilor International, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiang Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Long-Term Natural Course of Pathologic Myopia in Chinese Patients. J Ophthalmol 2019; 2019:1210398. [PMID: 31016036 PMCID: PMC6444239 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1210398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the natural progression in Chinese patients with pathological myopia (PM) and its associated factors. Methods The medical records of 28 patients with PM (worse than −6 diopter), including 31 eyes of 21 children and 12 eyes of 7 adults, were studied. All of the patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination at least twice over 3-year period, including the measurement of refractive error (shown as spherical equivalent, SE), axial length (AL), intraocular pressure, visual acuity (uncorrected visual acuity, UCVA, and best-corrected visual acuity, BCVA), and dilated fundus examination. Results The median AL of adults increased significantly from 29.8 mm to 31.43 mm over 5.4 years follow-up (P=0.0037), accompanied with the median SE progressing significantly from −16.4 D to −18.94 D (P=0.0005). Similarly, the median AL of children increased significantly from 26.13 mm to 27.81 mm over 3.9 years (P=0.0001). However, the improvements of UCVA and BCVA in children were significant (P=0.0304, 0.0001), and they had a negative correlation with age (P=0.0010, 0.0005). Also, UCVA and BCVA in children with bilateral PM were significantly better than those with unilateral PM (P=0.0385, 0.0210). Conclusions Fundus degenerations in children with pathological myopia may lead its way since the age of 10 years. Besides, children with bilateral pathological myopia can have parallel development in visual acuity.
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14
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Singh SR, Vupparaboina KK, Goud A, Dansingani KK, Chhablani J. Choroidal imaging biomarkers. Surv Ophthalmol 2018; 64:312-333. [PMID: 30496750 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The choroid is the vascular coat of the eye, and its role has been studied in multiple chorioretinal disorders. Recent advancements in choroidal imaging techniques, including enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography, swept source optical coherence tomography, en face optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography have facilitated an in-depth analysis of the choroid. The gradual shift from manual to automated segmentation and binarization methods have led to precise and reproducible measurements of choroidal parameters. These qualitative and quantitative parameters, called choroidal imaging biomarkers, have evolved over the past decade from a simple linear subfoveal choroidal thickness to more complex 3D choroidal reconstruction, thus widening the spectrum encompassing multiple parameters. These biomarkers have provided a better understanding of the pathogenesis, are helpful in diagnostic dilemmas, and, in the future may also help to devise treatment options. The lack of normative data, absence of standardized parameters, and limitations of the imaging techniques, however, have led to ambiguity and difficulty in the interpretation of these variables. We attempt to address these lacunae in the literature and provide a basic understanding of the choroid in both health and disease using these choroidal biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Randhir Singh
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; Retina and Uveitis Department, GMR Varalakshmi Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Vupparaboina
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Abhilash Goud
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kunal K Dansingani
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jay Chhablani
- Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
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15
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16
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Tan NY, Tham YC, Ding Y, Yasuda M, Sabanayagam C, Saw SM, Wang JJ, Mitchell P, Wong TY, Cheng CY. Associations of Peripapillary Atrophy and Fundus Tessellation with Diabetic Retinopathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 2:574-581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Han L, Cho YL, Ma Z, Zhao X, Chang X. Clinical histopathology of intrachoroidal splitting in open-globe injury: A retrospective case series of four patients. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2018; 8:36-41. [PMID: 29675348 PMCID: PMC5890583 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_61_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to observe the characteristics of intrachoroidal splitting (ICS) associated with choroidal detachment due to open-globe injury. METHODS: A retrospective, observational case series study of four eyes diagnosed with choroidal detachment exhibited ICS. The in vivo pathologic changes of the ICS were recorded during surgery. Four specimens were obtained from the inner part of the ICS region. One specimen was stained with hematoxylin and eosin; one specimen was examined under scanning electron microscopy, and the other two specimens were examined under transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: All four patients presented with vortex vein rupture associated with large-scaled mid-peripheral ICS. The histopathologic observations indicated that ICS occurred between the medium-sized and large-sized choroidal vessel layers. Large vascular indentations and medium-sized choroidal vessels were observed on the inner part of the split interface. Postoperative outcomes of the four patients were poor. Vision in all four patients was no light perception before or after surgery. Three eyes became atrophic with silicon oil tamponade and band keratopathy, one eye was eventually enucleated for cosmetic reason. CONCLUSION: Intrachoroidal tissue has the potential to split during trauma. The outcome of ICS with choroidal detachment in open-globe injury was poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yen-Ling Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhong Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinrong Zhao
- Peking University Health and Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Peking University Health and Science Center, Beijing, China
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18
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Choroidal Thickness after Treatment for Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 23:887-98. [DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Choroidal and Retinal Thickness of Highly Myopic Eyes with Early Stage of Myopic Chorioretinopathy: Tessellation. J Ophthalmol 2018; 2018:2181602. [PMID: 29607214 PMCID: PMC5828427 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2181602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the choroidal thickness (CT) and retinal thickness (RT) in highly myopic tessellated eyes. Methods In this study, 115 highly myopic eyes were recruited and divided as tessellated fundus (n = 93) and normal fundus (n = 22). RT and CT were quantified using optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging (EDI-OCT). Correlation between subfoveal CT (SFCT) and tessellation was analyzed using logistic regression models. Results Tessellated fundus eyes had thinner CT than did normal fundus eyes, while RT was not statistically different across groups. The tessellated eyes had a thinner choroid than did the control eyes at all measured macular locations (all P < 0.05). After adjustment for AL, age, and gender, the SFCT was significantly associated with tessellation. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.975 (0.960–0.990, P = 0.001, binary logistics regression) and 0.991 (0.984–0.999, P = 0.022, Cox regression). The area under the curve (AUC) of SFCT was the greatest for detecting tessellation (AUC = 0.824, P < 0.001). For sensitivity and specificity analyses, SFCT had the highest diagnostic value (sensitivity = 81.8%, specificity = 74.2%). Conclusions Highly myopic eyes with tessellation have thinner CT than do normal highly myopic eyes. CT may serve as an early pathologic predictor of high myopia.
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20
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Teberik K, Kaya M. Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Patients with High Myopia without Maculopathy. Pak J Med Sci 2017; 33:1438-1443. [PMID: 29492074 PMCID: PMC5768840 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.336.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate macular choroidal thickness (CT) and retinal thickness in Turkish patients with high myopia without maculopathy and in normal subjects and to examine the association with age, axial length (AL), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cycloplegic refraction, and spherical equivalent (SE). Methods This prospective study was performed between January 2015 and June 2016 in the Department of Ophthalmology, Duzce University Medical Faculty. It had 65 individuals (30 patients with high myopia, 35 healthy subjects). Retinal and choroidal images were obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Measurements (one subfoveal, three temporal, three nasal) were taken at 500 μm intervals up to 1,500 μm using the caliper system. Only the right eye was used for subsequent analysis. Results The mean age was 29.5 ± 14.5 years and 25.6 ± 7.0 in the high myopia and control groups, respectively. The subfoveal CT was significantly lower in the high myopia group (mean, 218.3 ± 102.25 mm) than the control group (mean, 331.83 ± 99.06 mm; p < 0.001). In both groups, the choroid was thinnest at the nasal 1,500 μm location, being 158.40 ± 90.8 μm and 301 ± 103.59 μm, respectively. Retinal thickness in both groups was thickest at the nasal 1,500 μm location and thinnest in the subfoveal region. In patients with high myopia, CT was negatively correlated with AL (r=-0.490, p=0.006) and age (r=-0.455, p=0.012). Conclusions Highly myopic eyes have a thinner choroid, which may be secondary to longer AL but is not an independent factor. Further studies in the field of OCT are important to exploring the pathology of high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuddusi Teberik
- Kuddusi Teberik, Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Duzce University Medical School, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Murat Kaya
- Prof. Murat Kaya, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Duzce University Medical School, Duzce, Turkey
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21
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Understanding the Determinants of Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization and Response to Treatment. Eur J Ophthalmol 2016; 26:511-516. [PMID: 27515571 DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The pathophysiologic pathways that govern the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) are complex. Patchy atrophy and lacquer cracks are known to be major anatomic risk factors for the development of myopic CNV, but they are not alone and much remains to be understood about other factors that influence development. In addition, a greater understanding of the modifiable and nonmodifiable factors that influence outcome, resolution, and recurrence after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could lead to more personalized treatment algorithms that integrate parameters other than the presence of CNV itself and could help improve clinical outcomes and reduce recurrence. Methods We reviewed recently published data on risk factors for CNV and predictors of response to anti-VEGF treatments. In particular, data pertaining to age, sex, genetic predisposition, baseline visual acuity, axial length, staphyloma, lacquer cracks, atrophic lesions, choroidal thickness or choroidal thinning, characteristics of CNV such as duration, localization, and size of CNV, and treatment considerations such as choice of treatment, loading doses, and combination treatments were reviewed. Results Our analysis showed that the body of evidence is incomplete. Conclusions Additional studies are required to identify high-risk patients and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches.
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22
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Gupta P, Saw SM, Cheung CY, Girard MJA, Mari JM, Bhargava M, Tan C, Tan M, Yang A, Tey F, Nah G, Zhao P, Wong TY, Cheng CY. Choroidal thickness and high myopia: a case-control study of young Chinese men in Singapore. Acta Ophthalmol 2015; 93:e585-92. [PMID: 25529388 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the distribution of choroidal thickness (CT) and ocular factors associated with CT in high myopic eyes in comparison with emmetropic eyes of young healthy adults. METHODS A case-control study of 648 young, male subjects, including 520 high myopes and 128 emmetropes. Choroidal imaging was performed using enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Images were postprocessed using adaptive compensation for quality enhancement. CT was measured at nine locations, including subfovea and 1.5 and 3 mm nasal, temporal, superior and inferior to fovea. RESULTS The CT at the subfovea was significantly thinner (mean ± standard error: 225.87 ± 5.51 μm) for high myopes compared to emmetropes (375.15 ± 6.58 μm, p < 0.001). Likewise, CT in high myopic group was significantly thinner than emmetropic control group at all locations (p for trend <0.001 for all locations). Distribution of CT showed a markedly different pattern in high myopic eyes (thickest superiorly at 3 mm, 265.97 ± 5.97 μm) and emmetropic eyes (thickest subfoveally, 375.15 ± 6.58 μm). Choroid was thinnest at nasal 3 mm location in both the myopic (108.85 ± 3.97 μm) and emmetropic (238.25 ± 6.72 μm) groups. Among the ocular factors studied, axial length, posterior staphyloma and chorio-retinal atrophy were the significant predictors of CT. CONCLUSIONS Highly myopic eyes have significantly thinner choroid and showed different distribution pattern, compared to emmetropes. Axial length, posterior staphyloma and chorio-retinal atrophy are the strongest determinants of CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Gupta
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore and National University Health System; Singapore
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore and National University Health System; Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Carol Y. Cheung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore and National University Health System; Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore
| | - Michael J. A. Girard
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
- Department of Bioengineering; Faculty of Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Jean Martial Mari
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering; Faculty of Engineering Science; University College London; London UK
| | - Mayuri Bhargava
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore and National University Health System; Singapore
| | - Colin Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology; Tan Tock Seng Hospital; Singapore
| | - Mellisa Tan
- DSO National Laboratories; Defense Medical and Environmental Research Institute; Singapore
| | - Adeline Yang
- DSO National Laboratories; Defense Medical and Environmental Research Institute; Singapore
| | - Frederick Tey
- DSO National Laboratories; Defense Medical and Environmental Research Institute; Singapore
| | - Gerard Nah
- Vision Performance Centre; Military Medical Institute; Singapore Armed Forces; Singapore
| | - Paul Zhao
- Vision Performance Centre; Military Medical Institute; Singapore Armed Forces; Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore and National University Health System; Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health; National University of Singapore; Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre; Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore and National University Health System; Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health; National University of Singapore; Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore
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Lee D, Seok JY, Kyung HS, Kim JM. Risk Factors for Cataract Formation after Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation: Over a Mean 7.5-Year Follow-Up Period. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2015. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2015.56.6.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ju Yong Seok
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea Army Training Center District Hospital, Nonsan, Korea
| | - Hak Su Kyung
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Mo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Yoshihara N, Yamashita T, Ohno-Matsui K, Sakamoto T. Objective analyses of tessellated fundi and significant correlation between degree of tessellation and choroidal thickness in healthy eyes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103586. [PMID: 25068821 PMCID: PMC4113439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A tessellated fundus is a common characteristic of myopic eyes and is an important clinical marker for the development of retinochoroidal changes. However, the exact cause and significance of tessellated fundi have not been definitively determined. We determined the degree of tessellation in fundi objectively in normal, non-pathological myopic eyes, and correlated the degree of tessellation and the choroidal thickness (CT) and axial length (AL). This was a prospective observational cross sectional study. The eyes were classified subjectively into three groups based on the degree of tessellation observed ophthalmoscopically. Digital color fundus photographs were assessed for the degree of tessellation by ImageJ, an image processing program. Three tessellated fundus indices (TFIs) were calculated and were compared to the three subjectively-determined groups. The subfoveal and nasal CTs were measured in the optical coherence tomographic images. The correlations between the TFIs and the CT were calculated. Additionally, the correlation between the TFIs and the AL was calculated. One hundred right eyes of 100 healthy volunteers (mean age 25.8±3.9 years) were studied. Ophthalmoscopically, 57 eyes were placed in the non-tessellated group, 27 eyes into the weakly tessellated group, and 16 eyes into the strongly tessellated group. There was a significant correlation between the subjective classifications and the TFI values (P<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). All of the TFIs were significantly associated with the subfoveal and nasal CT (R = -0.20 to -0.24, P<0.05). The TFIs were not significantly correlated with the ALs. In conclusion, the significant correlation between the subjective and objective classifications of the degree of tessellation indicates that TFIs can be used to classify the degree of tessellation. The results indicate that the differences in the CT account for the degree of tessellation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yoshihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiji Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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VITRECTOMY FOR MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS WITH INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING AND NO GAS TAMPONADE. Retina 2014; 34:455-60. [DOI: 10.1097/iae.0b013e3182a0e477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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El Matri L, Bouladi M, Chebil A, Kort F, Largueche L, Mghaieth F. [Macular choroidal thickness assessment with SD-OCT in high myopia with or without choroidal neovascularization]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2013; 36:687-92. [PMID: 23896210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure macular choroidal thickness (CT) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in eyes with myopic macular choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and to compare choroidal thickness in these eyes with highly myopic eyes without CNV. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-four eyes with myopic CNV matched with 64 highly myopic eyes without CNV by age and axial length (AL) were examined between January 2010 and November 2011. OCT scans were performed with spectral-domain OCT (TOPCON OCT 2000). The reference position was changed from the vitreous to the choroid. OCT scan patterns consisted of seven sections; the subfoveal CT was measured manually between Bruch's membrane and the internal portion of the sclera in eyes with CNV and from the pigment epithelium to the scleral interface in eyes without CNV. RESULTS In the subgroup with CNV, the mean subfoveal CT was 51.71 μm ± 17.35. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between CT and AL (r=-0.615, P=0.0001). Regression analysis demonstrated a decrease of 8.4 μm per mm of AL. In the subgroup without CNV, matched with the CNV subgroup by age (P=0.597), and AL (P=0.813), the mean subfoveal CT was 93.35 μm ± 34.81 μm. The difference between the two subgroups was statistically significant (P<10(-4)). DISCUSSION Macular choroidal thickness is reduced in high myopia, especially when complicated by CNV. It has not yet been shown that choroidal thinning may be a risk factor for choroidal neovascularization, but our results may suggest that macular choroidal thinning may lead to hypoxic retinal changes resulting in secretion of VEGF and thus CNV. CONCLUSION Macular choroidal thinning observed in high myopia with CNV. These findings may suggest that choroidal changes may play a role in the pathogenesis of choroidal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- L El Matri
- Service d'ophtalmologie B, institut Hédi Rais, boulevard 9-Avril, 1006 Tunis, Tunisie.
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Flores-Moreno I, Ruiz-Medrano J, Duker JS, Ruiz-Moreno JM. The relationship between retinal and choroidal thickness and visual acuity in highly myopic eyes. Br J Ophthalmol 2013; 97:1010-3. [DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-302836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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LOCAL BIOMETRIC FEATURES AND VISUAL PROGNOSIS AFTER SURGERY FOR TREATMENT OF MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS. Retina 2013; 33:1179-87. [DOI: 10.1097/iae.0b013e318276e0e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The relationship between axial length and choroidal thickness in eyes with high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol 2013; 155:314-319.e1. [PMID: 23036569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the choroidal thickness in highly myopic eyes with no history of choroidal neovascularization or ocular surgery, and to correlate it with axial length, age, and spherical equivalent. DESIGN Retrospective, comparative, noninterventional case series. METHODS A total of 120 eyes of 83 patients with high myopia (spherical equivalent ≥-6 diopters or axial length ≥26 mm) and 96 eyes of 62 healthy patients were studied in a clinical setting. Eyes with prior vitreoretinal surgery or laser or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy were excluded. Eyes were imaged using optical coherence tomography employing a 6-mm line, reference position "Choroid," and image averaging 50. Choroidal thickness was manually measured from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium to the choroid-scleral junction at 500-μm intervals up to 2500 μm nasal and temporal to the fovea. Statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS The high myopia group mean age was 54.4 ± 18.2 years (range, 18-99) and mean axial length was 29.17 ± 2.44 mm (range, 26.00-35.63). Mean macular choroidal thickness was 115.5 ± 85.3 μm (range, 6.9-436.0). The choroid was thickest temporally (134 μm), then subfoveally (130 μm), and was thinnest in the nasal area (68 μm). This pattern differed markedly from the control eyes. In the high myopia group, axial length had the best correlation with choroidal thickness (r = -0.740; P < .001). Choroidal thickness decreased 25.9 ± 2.1 μm for each additional millimeter. CONCLUSIONS Axial length is especially associated with choroidal thickness in high myopia. Choroidal thickness profile in highly myopic patients differs from that in emmetropic patients.
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Hayashi M, Ito Y, Takahashi A, Kawano K, Terasaki H. Scleral thickness in highly myopic eyes measured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Eye (Lond) 2013; 27:410-7. [PMID: 23306730 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2012.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the subfoveal scleral thickness in highly myopic eyes by enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and to identify the ocular parameters significantly associated with the scleral thickness. METHODS The subfoveal scleral thickness of myopic eyes (≥-8 diopters (D) or axial length ≥26.5 mm) was examined by EDI-OCT. The correlations between the thickness and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error, axial length (AL), the subfoveal retinal thickness, choroidal thickness, and posterior staphyloma height 2 mm from the fovea were investigated. RESULTS A total of 75 eyes of 54 patients (21 men, 33 women; mean age, 62.3±11.3 years; mean AL, 30.2±1.68 mm) were studied. Eighteen eyes had no pathological retinochoroidal lesions, and 57 eyes had retinochoroidal lesion, that is, myopic schisis, choroidal neovascularization, and other retinochoroidal pathologies. The mean subfoveal scleral thickness was 284.0±70.4 μm, and the thickness was significantly correlated negatively with the absolute value of the nasal and overall average posterior staphyloma height (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The subfoveal scleral thickness was also significantly correlated negatively with the relative value of the superior, nasal, and overall average posterior staphyloma height (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001, respectively). Stepwise analyses showed that the factor most significantly associated with the scleral thickness was the average relative posterior staphyloma height (F=16.0, P<0.001). The scleral thickness was not significantly different between eyes with and without myopic retinochoroidal pathologies (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Posterior staphyloma formation was a key factor associated with a posterior scleral thinning in highly myopic eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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Seok JY, Lee D, Kyung H, Kim JM. Axial Length Change after Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2013.54.11.1675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yong Seok
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Haksu Kyung
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Mo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Peripapillary crescent and related factors in highly myopic healthy eyes. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2012; 57:233-8. [PMID: 23239453 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-012-0224-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between the size of the peripapillary crescent and different ocular parameters in highly myopic healthy eyes; in addition, to determine whether the area of the peripapillary crescent enlarged significantly during one year of observation. METHODS The medical records of 49 highly myopic healthy eyes whose fellow eyes had myopic complications were reviewed. The area of the peripapillary crescent and other ocular parameters were measured initially and after one year. The changes in the area of the peripapillary crescent and their association with other ocular parameters during the natural course of the pathological myopia were determined. RESULTS The area of the peripapillary crescent was significantly associated with the choroidal thickness (P < 0.001), axial length (P < 0.001), and foveal thickness (P < 0.01). Stepwise regression analyses found that the factors most associated with the area of the peripapillary crescent were the choroidal thickness (P < 0.01) and the absolute nasal staphyloma height (P < 0.05). The factor most associated with the increase in the area of the peripapillary crescent was the increase in the axial length (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The size of the peripapillary crescent may be affected by changes in the axial length, the height of the posterior staphyloma, and the choroidal thickness.
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El Matri L, Bouladi M, Chebil A, Kort F, Bouraoui R, Largueche L, Mghaieth F. Choroidal Thickness Measurement in Highly Myopic Eyes Using SD-OCT. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2012; 43:S38-43. [DOI: 10.3928/15428877-20121001-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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