1
|
Kallianpur KJ, Obhi HK, Donlon T, Masaki K, Willcox B, Martin P. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between late-life depressive symptoms and cognitive deficits: 20-year follow-up of the Kuakini Honolulu-Asia aging study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 127:105551. [PMID: 38968756 PMCID: PMC11401759 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine depressed affect, somatic complaints, and positive affect as longitudinal predictors of fluid, crystallized and global cognitive performance in the Kuakini Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS), a large prospective cohort study of Japanese-American men. METHODS We assessed 3,088 dementia-free Kuakini-HAAS participants aged 71-93 (77.1 ± 4.2) years at baseline (1991-1993). Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Baseline CES-D depression subscales (depressed and positive affects; somatic complaints) were computed. The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) measured cognitive performance on a 100-point scale; fluid and crystallized cognitive abilities were derived from CASI factor analysis. Cognition was also evaluated at 4 follow-up examinations over a 20-year period. Multiple regression assessed baseline CES-D subscales as predictors of cognitive change. The baseline covariates analyzed were CASI, age, education, prevalent stroke, APOE ε4 presence, and the longevity-associated FOXO3 genotype. RESULTS Cross-sectionally, baseline CES-D subscales were related to cognitive measures; e.g., higher depressed affect was associated with lower crystallized ability (β = -0.058, p ≤ 0.01), and somatic complaints were linked to poorer fluid ability (β = -0.045, p ≤ 0.05) and to worse global cognitive function as measured by total CASI score (β = -0.038, p ≤ 0.05). However, depression subscales did not significantly or consistently predict fluid ability, crystallized ability, or global cognitive performance over time. CONCLUSION Psychological and physical well-being were associated with contemporaneous but not subsequent cognitive functioning. Assessment of depressive symptoms may identify individuals who are likely to benefit from interventions to improve mood and somatic health and thereby maintain or enhance cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana J Kallianpur
- Kuakini Center for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Kamehameha Schools-Kapālama, Honolulu, HI, United States.
| | - Hardeep K Obhi
- School of Medicine Office of Research, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Timothy Donlon
- Kuakini Center for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Kamal Masaki
- Kuakini Center for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Bradley Willcox
- Kuakini Center for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Peter Martin
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jing C, Kong M, Ng KP, Xu L, Ma G, Ba M. Hippocampal volume maximally modulates the relationship between subsyndromal symptomatic depression and cognitive impairment in non-demented older adults. J Affect Disord 2024; 367:640-646. [PMID: 39245222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subsyndromal symptomatic depression (SSD) is associated with an elevated risk of cognitive impairment in non-demented older adults. Given that hippocampal and middle temporal gyrus atrophy have been shown to cause SSD, our study aimed to investigate the effect of hippocampal volume on the association between SSD and cognitive impairment. METHODS 338 non-demented older adults from the ADNI (Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative) cohort who underwent cognitive assessments, questionnaires on depressive symptoms and MRI brain were studied. SSD group is defined as a score of 1-5 based on Geriatric Depression Scale scores. We conducted causal mediation analyses to investigate the effect of hippocampal volume on cognitive performance cross-sectionally. RESULTS The SSD group displayed lower left and right hippocampal volume (p<0.01) than the non-SSD group. SSD was linked to poorer cognition and smaller hippocampal volume. We found that hippocampal volume partially mediated the effect of SSD on cognitive performance including the global cognition and the cognitive section of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale, with mediation percentages ranging from 6.45 % to 30.46 %. In addition, we found that the thickness of the left middle temporal, right entorhinal and right fusiform gyrus, brain regions linked to AD, mediate the relationship between SSD and cognition with mediation percentages ranging from 8.67 % to 21.44 %. LIMITATIONS Our article didn't differentiate between mild cognitive impairment and normal population. CONCLUSION The associations of SSD and cognitive impairment are linked to alterations in Alzheimer's Disease related brain regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Jing
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Min Kong
- Department of Neurology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai City, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Kok Pin Ng
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lijuan Xu
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong 264000, China
| | - Guozhao Ma
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Maowen Ba
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong 264000, China; Yantai Regional Sub Center of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Neurological Diseases, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interaction and Regulation, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Patel P, Bernard MA, Masurkar AV. Prevalence, risk factors, and impact of anxiety in early Alzheimer disease: a retrospective study of an autopsy-confirmed cohort. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.08.04.24311473. [PMID: 39211863 PMCID: PMC11361249 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.04.24311473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety is a neuropsychiatric symptom (NPS) of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients which has been studied primarily in prospective and retrospective studies of clinically diagnosed AD. However, this can be confounded by other primary etiologies. Moreover, anxiety has not been comprehensively studied in autopsy-confirmed AD cases across subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia stages. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal analysis of 212 participants with autopsy-confirmed AD, followed from 1986-2013 at the NYU Alzheimer's Disease Research Center with staging via the Global Deterioration Scale and NPS assessed via BEHAVE-AD. We found that anxiety varied uniquely with stage and was the most common NPS in SCD and MCI (35-40% prevalence). ApoE4 carriage associated with a higher rate of anxiety only at mild dementia. Anxiety in SCD associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy and arteriosclerosis on brain autopsy, but there were no such associations with concomitant neuropathology at MCI and mild dementia. Anxiety associated with increased progression rate (∼2.5-fold) from SCD to MCI/dementia stages, but not from MCI to dementia. These results suggest an important relationship between anxiety and AD, especially at the preclinical stage. This warrants further study of anxiety as a possible modifiable factor of disease experience and course.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu S, Zhong X, Gong Y, Yao Y, Shirai K, Kondo K, Wang X, Guan L, Chen Q, Liu K, Li Y. Depression and the Risk of Dementia and All-Cause Mortality Among Japanese Older Adults: A 9-Year Longitudinal Study From JAGES. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024; 79:gbae084. [PMID: 38778797 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the association and dose-response relationship between depression, dementia, and all-cause mortality based on a national cohort study of older adults in Japan. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal study of 44,546 participants ≥65 years from 2010-2019 Japanese Gerontological Evaluation Study. The Geriatric Depression Scale-15 was used to assess depressive symptoms and the long-term care insurance was used to assess dementia. Fine-Gray models and Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore the effect of depression severity on the incidence of dementia and all-cause mortality, respectively. Causal mediation analysis were used to explore the extent of association between dementia-mediated depression and all-cause mortality. RESULTS We found that both minor and major depressive symptoms were associated with the increased cumulative incidence of dementia and all-cause mortality, especially major depressive symptoms (p < .001). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dementia were 1.25 (1.19-1.32) for minor depressive symptoms and 1.42 (1.30-1.54) for major depressive symptoms in comparison to non-depression; p for trend < .001. The multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause mortality were 1.27 (1.21-1.33) for minor depressive symptoms and 1.51 (1.41-1.62) for major depressive symptoms in comparison to non-depression; p for trend < .001. Depression has a stronger impact on dementia and all-cause mortality among the younger group. In addition, dementia significantly mediated the association between depression and all-cause mortality. DISCUSSION Interventions targeting major depression may be an effective strategy for preventing dementia and premature death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangbin Zhong
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajie Gong
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Xinlei Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqi Guan
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiqing Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuting Li
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Du R, Yang K, Li W, Wang Z, Cai H. Research status and global trends of late-life depression from 2004 to 2023: bibliometric analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1393110. [PMID: 38752209 PMCID: PMC11095109 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1393110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Global research hotspots and future research trends in the neurobiological mechanisms of late-life depression (LLD) as well as its diagnosis and treatment are not yet clear. Objectives This study profiled the current state of global research on LLD and predicted future research trends in the field. Methods Literature with the subject term LLD was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, and CiteSpace software was used to perform econometric and co-occurrence analyses. The results were visualized using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and other software packages. Results In total, 10,570 publications were included in the analysis. Publications on LLD have shown an increasing trend since 2004. The United States and the University of California had the highest number of publications, followed consecutively by China and England, making these countries and institutions the most influential in the field. Reynolds, Charles F. was the author with the most publications. The International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry was the journal with the most articles and citations. According to the co-occurrence analysis and keyword/citation burst analysis, cognitive impairment, brain network dysfunction, vascular disease, and treatment of LLD were research hotspots. Conclusion Late-life depression has attracted increasing attention from researchers, with the number of publications increasing annually. However, many questions remain unaddressed in this field, such as the relationship between LLD and cognitive impairment and dementia, or the impact of vascular factors and brain network dysfunction on LLD. Additionally, the treatment of patients with LLD is currently a clinical challenge. The results of this study will help researchers find suitable research partners and journals, as well as predict future hotspots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhiren Wang
- Huilongguan Clinical Medical School of Peking University, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haipeng Cai
- Huilongguan Clinical Medical School of Peking University, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salwierz P, Thapa S, Taghdiri F, Vasilevskaya A, Anastassiadis C, Tang-Wai DF, Golas AC, Tartaglia MC. Investigating the association between a history of depression and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease, and neurodegeneration in patients with dementia. GeroScience 2024; 46:783-793. [PMID: 38097855 PMCID: PMC10828163 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between depression and dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD), remains an active area of research. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between a history of depression and biomarkers of AD and CVD in patients with dementia in a clinical setting. A total of 126 patients from the University Health Network (UHN) Memory Clinic with comprehensive clinical evaluations, including neuropsychological testing and medical examinations, were included. Lumbar puncture was performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for biomarker analysis, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained to assess white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden. The presence of depression was determined through medical records. The study findings did not reveal significant differences between participants with and without a history of depression in terms of AD biomarkers, WMH burden, neurofilament light chain levels, cognitive scores, age of symptom onset, disease duration, or vascular risk scores. Logistic regression analysis did not indicate a meaningful predictive value of these variables for depression status. This clinical study contributes to our understanding regarding the association between depression and AD/CVD biomarkers in patients with cognitive impairment. Further research is needed to elucidate the complex relationship between depression and dementia and to explore the potential mechanisms linking depression, AD, and CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Salwierz
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Simrika Thapa
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Foad Taghdiri
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Vasilevskaya
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe Anastassiadis
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David F Tang-Wai
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Memory Clinic University Health Network, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Angela C Golas
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Carmela Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Memory Clinic University Health Network, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Uysal Cesur N, Poyraz BÇ. Three-Year Prognosis of Late-Life Depression in an Outpatient Geriatric Psychiatry Clinic: Medical Comorbidities Worsen Outcomes. Psychiatr Q 2023; 94:675-689. [PMID: 37776466 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most important reasons for psychiatric referrals in elderly patients. Geriatric depression can be chronic and is associated with an increased risk of dementia. We aimed to determine the prognosis of major depression patients and associated risk factors regarding persistence of depression. Patients who were admitted to the tertiary geriatric psychiatric outpatient unit of Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul between January and December 2018 and were diagnosed with major depression according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were included in the study. A structured telephone interview was conducted with between February-April 2022. For detailed clinical evaluation, Turkish version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Disorders/Clinician Version (SCID-5/CV-TR), Telephone Cognitive Screen (T-cogS-TR), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used. Of the 123 patients interviewed, 40.9% were diagnosed with major depression and 14.6% with minor depression. 43.4% showed significant anxiety and depression symptoms. Dementia developed in 14.6% of the patients. Only 29.5% of the patients recovered completely. Hypertension, orthopedic disease or arthritis, cancer, and absence of prior work experience were found to be predictors of current depression diagnosis. Geriatric depression has an unfavorable prognosis despite continued antidepressant treatment and may even serve as a prodrome for future dementia. Timely management of co-morbid medical conditions such as hypertension can potentially improve the prognosis of geriatric depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Uysal Cesur
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Türkiye.
- Porto Arabia Tower 16, The Pearl, 00000, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Burç Çağrı Poyraz
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sandu IA, Ștefăniu R, Alexa-Stratulat T, Ilie AC, Albișteanu SM, Turcu AM, Sandu CA, Alexa AI, Pîslaru AI, Grigoraș G, Ștefănescu C, Alexa ID. Preventing Dementia-A Cross-Sectional Study of Outpatients in a Tertiary Internal Medicine Department. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1630. [PMID: 38138857 PMCID: PMC10744972 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13121630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a significant health problem worldwide, being the seventh leading cause of death (2,382,000 deaths worldwide in 2016). Recent data suggest there are several modifiable risk factors that, if addressed, can decrease dementia risk. Several national dementia screening programs exist; however, limited-income countries do not have the means to implement such measures. We performed a prospective cross-sectional study in an outpatient department to identify individuals at risk for dementia. Patients with no known cognitive dysfunction seeking a medical consult were screened for dementia risk by means of the cardiovascular risk factors, ageing, and dementia (CAIDE) and modified CAIDE tests. Additionally, we collected demographic and clinical data and assessed each participant for depression, mental state, and ability to perform daily activities. Of the 169 patients enrolled, 63.3% were identified as being in the intermediate-risk or high-risk group, scoring more than seven points on the mCAIDE test. Over 40% of the elderly individuals in the study were assessed as "somewhat depressed" or "depressed" on the geriatric depression scale. Almost 10% of the study population was diagnosed de novo with cognitive dysfunction. In conclusion, using a simple questionnaire such as the mCAIDE in a predefined high-risk population is easy and does not represent a major financial burden. At-risk individuals can subsequently benefit from personalized interventions that are more likely to be successful. Limited-resource countries can implement such screening tools in outpatient clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioana-Alexandra Sandu
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
| | - Ramona Ștefăniu
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Geriatrics and Internal Medicine Department, “C. I. Parhon” Hospital, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Teodora Alexa-Stratulat
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
| | - Adina-Carmen Ilie
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Geriatrics and Internal Medicine Department, “C. I. Parhon” Hospital, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sabinne-Marie Albișteanu
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Geriatrics and Internal Medicine Department, “C. I. Parhon” Hospital, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Turcu
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Geriatrics and Internal Medicine Department, “C. I. Parhon” Hospital, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Călina-Anda Sandu
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Ophtalmology Department, “St. Spiridon” Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anisia-Iuliana Alexa
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Ophtalmology Department, “St. Spiridon” Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca-Iuliana Pîslaru
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Geriatrics and Internal Medicine Department, “C. I. Parhon” Hospital, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Grigoraș
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
| | - Cristinel Ștefănescu
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Acute Psychiatry Department, “Socola” Institute of Psychiatry, 700282 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana-Dana Alexa
- Department of Medical Specialties II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.S.); (T.A.-S.); (A.-C.I.); (S.-M.A.); (A.-M.T.); (C.-A.S.); (A.-I.A.); (A.-I.P.); (G.G.); (C.Ș.); (I.-D.A.)
- Geriatrics and Internal Medicine Department, “C. I. Parhon” Hospital, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jauregi-Zinkunegi A, Langhough R, Johnson SC, Mueller KD, Bruno D. Comparison of the 10-, 14- and 20-Item CES-D Scores as Predictors of Cognitive Decline. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1530. [PMID: 38002491 PMCID: PMC10669678 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between depressive symptomatology and cognitive decline has been examined using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D); however, concerns have been raised about this self-report measure. Here, we examined how the CES-D total score from the 14- and 10-item versions compared to the 20-item version in predicting progression to cognitive decline from a cognitively unimpaired baseline. Data from 1054 participants were analysed using ordinal logistic regression, alongside moderator and receiver-operating characteristics curve analyses. All baseline total scores significantly predicted progression to cognitive decline. The 14-item version was better than the 20-item version in predicting consensus diagnosis, as shown by their AICs, while also showing the highest accuracy when discriminating between participants by diagnosis at last visit. We did not find sex to moderate the relationship between CES-D score and cognitive decline. Current findings suggest the 10- and 14-item versions of the CES-D are comparable to the 20-item version, and that the 14-item version may be better at predicting longitudinal consensus diagnosis compared to the 20-item version.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Langhough
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (R.L.)
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sterling C. Johnson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (R.L.)
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53225, USA
| | - Kimberly D. Mueller
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (R.L.)
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Davide Bruno
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sáiz-Vazquez O, Puente-Martínez A, Pacheco-Bonrostro J, Ubillos-Landa S. Blood pressure and Alzheimer's disease: A review of meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1065335. [PMID: 36712428 PMCID: PMC9874700 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1065335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder of unknown cause, resulting in the death of brain cells. Identifying some of the modifiable risk factors for AD could be crucial for primary prevention and could lead to a reduction in the incidence of AD. Objective This study aimed to perform a meta-meta-analysis of studies in order to assess the effect of blood pressure (BP) on the diagnosis of AD. Method The search was restricted to meta-analyses assessing high systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) and AD. We applied the PRISMA guidelines. Results A total of 214 studies were identified from major databases. Finally, five meta-analyses (52 studies) were analyzed in this review. Results confirm that high SBP is associated with AD. The exploration of parameters (sex, age, study design, region, and BP measurements) shows that only region significantly moderates the relationship between BP and AD. Asian people are those whose SBP levels >140 mmHg are associated with AD. BP is associated with AD in both people aged ≤65 years and those aged ≥65 years and in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. In the case of DBP, only women are at a higher risk of AD, particularly when its levels are >90. Conclusion SBP is associated with both cerebrovascular disease and AD. Therefore, future studies should use other uncontrolled factors, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and stroke, to explain the relationship between SBP and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olalla Sáiz-Vazquez
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Alicia Puente-Martínez
- Department of Social Psychology and Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Joaquín Pacheco-Bonrostro
- Department of Applied Economy, Faculty of Economics and Business Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Silvia Ubillos-Landa
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain,*Correspondence: Silvia Ubillos-Landa ✉
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sundarakumar JS, Menesgere AL, Jain S, Hameed SKS, Ravindranath V. Prevalence of neuropsychiatric conditions and cognitive impairment in two parallel, aging study cohorts from rural and urban India. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [PMID: 36573020 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the rising proportion of the elderly in India, the burden of neuropsychiatric conditions and cognitive impairment is escalating. METHODS Baseline data of cognitively healthy subjects ≥45 years of age, from two longitudinal, aging cohorts in rural (n = 3262) and urban (n = 693) India, were used to calculate prevalence of depression, early-life stressful events, stroke, head injury, and cognitive impairment. RESULTS Depression prevalence was significantly higher in rural than urban subjects, with female preponderance in both groups. Early life stressor (parental death) and head injury were significantly more common in rural than in urban India, whereas stroke was more in urban India. There was no significant difference in overall prevalence of cognitive impairment between the rural and urban cohorts; however, women had higher prevalence than men in rural, whereas this was reverse in urban subjects. Depression and stroke were significantly associated with cognitive impairment in the rural cohort. DISCUSSION Longitudinal assessment of these neuropsychiatric conditions, with parallel cognitive monitoring, will help identify their causal relationship with dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shubham Jain
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Shafeeq K S Hameed
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | -
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pomara N, Bruno D, Plaska CR, Ramos-Cejudo J, Osorio RS, Pillai A, Imbimbo BP, Zetterberg H, Blennow K. Plasma Amyloid-β dynamics in late-life major depression: a longitudinal study. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:301. [PMID: 35902554 PMCID: PMC9334636 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressed individuals are twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD) as compared to controls. Brain amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition is believed to have a major role in AD pathogenesis but studies also suggest associations of Aβ dynamics and depression. The aim of this study was to test if plasma Aβ levels are longitudinally associated to late-life depression. We measured plasma levels of amyloid-β1-40 (Aβ40) and amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ42) peptides longitudinally for three consecutive years in 48 cognitively intact elderly subjects with late-life major depressive disorder (LLMD) and 45 age-matched cognitively healthy controls. We found that the Aβ42/Aβ40 plasma ratio was significantly and steadily lower in depressed subjects compared to controls (p < 0.001). At screening, Aβ42/Aβ40 plasma did not correlate with depression severity (as measured with Hamilton Depression Scale) or cognitive performance (as measured with Mini-Mental State Examination) but was associated to depression severity at 3 years after adjustment for age, education, cognitive performance, and antidepressants use. This study showed that reduced plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio is consistently associated with LLMD diagnosis and that increased severity of depression at baseline predicted low Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio at 3 years. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and examine if the consistently lower plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio in LLMD reflects increased brain amyloid deposition, as observed in AD subjects, and an increased risk for progressive cognitive decline and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio Pomara
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Pathology, New York University-Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Davide Bruno
- grid.4425.70000 0004 0368 0654School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Chelsea Reichert Plaska
- grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY USA ,grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Psychiatry, New York University-Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Jaime Ramos-Cejudo
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Psychiatry, New York University-Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Ricardo S. Osorio
- grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY USA ,grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Psychiatry, New York University-Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Anilkumar Pillai
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX USA ,grid.413830.d0000 0004 0419 3970Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA USA ,grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA USA
| | - Bruno P. Imbimbo
- grid.467287.80000 0004 1761 6733Research & Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK ,grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden ,grid.1649.a000000009445082XClinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden ,grid.24515.370000 0004 1937 1450Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaj Blennow
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden ,grid.1649.a000000009445082XClinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu C, Pan W, Zhu D, Mao P, Ren Y, Ma X. Altered Intrinsic Brain Activity in Patients With Late-Life Depression: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:894646. [PMID: 35677867 PMCID: PMC9168034 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.894646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the altered intrinsic brain activity (IBA) in patients suffering from late-life depression (LLD) using a percent amplitude of fluctuation (PerAF) method. Methods In total, fifty patients with LLD and 40 non-depressed controls (NCs) were recruited for the present research. Participants underwent the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) test and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scans. The RBANS test consists of 12 sub-tests that contribute to a total score and index scores across the following five domains: immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional, language, attention, and delayed memory. The PerAF method was used for data analysis to detect changes in neural activity in the relevant brain regions. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to evaluate the ability of the RBANS test and proposed the PerAF method in distinguishing the two groups. The relationships between altered IBA and neuropsychologic deficits were determined by the Pearson correlation analysis. Results A significant difference existed in RBANS total score, immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional, language, attention, and delayed memory between groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the NCs group, the LLD group demonstrated decreased PerAF differences in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus, orbital part (Frontal_Sup_Orb), and bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The PerAF method and RBANS test exhibited an excellent discriminatory power with the area under curve (AUC) values in distinguishing the two groups. In addition, the attention score of the RBANS test positively correlated with the PerAF values of the bilateral Frontal_Sup_Orb and bilateral ACC. Conclusion The changes of PerAF in the bilateral Frontal_Sup_Orb and bilateral ACC are related to an increased risk of developing LLD. Moreover, the PerAF method could be used as an underlying sensitivity biomarker to identify the psychiatric disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaomeng Liu
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weigang Pan
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandi Zhu
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peixian Mao
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Ren
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ma
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Stafford J, Chung WT, Sommerlad A, Kirkbride JB, Howard R. Psychiatric disorders and risk of subsequent dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37:10.1002/gps.5711. [PMID: 35460299 PMCID: PMC9325434 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although psychiatric disorders have been found to be associated with increased risk of dementia, previous findings are mixed, and the nature of these relationships remains poorly understood. We examined longitudinal associations between depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), bipolar disorder (BPD), psychotic disorders and subsequent dementia. METHODS We searched three databases for longitudinal, population-based studies investigating associations between psychiatric disorders and dementia (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020209638). We conducted narrative synthesis, and random-effects meta-analyses to obtain pooled estimates. We used meta-regression and stratified analyses to examine variation by sex, age-at-onset and follow-up time. RESULTS Fifty-seven citations met eligibility criteria. Most studies focussed on depression (n = 33), which was associated with subsequent all-cause dementia (pooled relative risk [RR]: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59-2.43; I2 = 96.5%), Alzheimer's Disease (pooled RR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.52-2.38; I2 = 85.5%), and Vascular Dementia (pooled RR: 2.71, 95% CI: 2.48-2.97; I2 = 0). Associations were stronger in studies with shorter follow-up periods and for severe and late-onset depression. Findings regarding anxiety were mixed, and we did not find evidence of an overall association (pooled RR: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.96-1.45; I2 = 52.2%, n = 5). Despite sparse evidence, psychotic disorders (pooled RR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.44-3.31; I2 = 99%), PTSD and BPD were associated with subsequent dementia. CONCLUSIONS People with psychiatric disorders represent high-risk groups for dementia, highlighting the importance of ongoing symptom monitoring in these groups. Findings regarding temporality and age-at-onset indicate that depression symptoms could reflect prodromal dementia for some individuals. Further longitudinal research is required to determine whether psychiatric disorders represent causal risk factors or early markers of dementia neuropathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Stafford
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and AgeingUniversity College London (UCL)LondonUK
| | - Wing Tung Chung
- Division of PsychiatryUniversity College London (UCL)LondonUK
| | | | | | - Robert Howard
- Division of PsychiatryUniversity College London (UCL)LondonUK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Late-onset depression: A risk factor for major neurocognitive disorder? CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
16
|
Depression and bone loss as risk factors for cognitive decline: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101575. [PMID: 35093615 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) but it is unclear whether depression is also associated with cognitive decline in the preclinical phase and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Previous meta-analyses have only investigated AD as an outcome without accounting for individuals showing cognitive decline that does not meet the diagnostic criteria for AD. Other potentially modifiable risk factors such as bone loss have also been less explored and there remains uncertainty around their temporal relationship with cognitive decline. AIMS To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating depression and bone loss as risk factors for subsequent cognitive decline. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was developed and applied using four databases; MEDLINE Complete, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL Complete. The pooled summary effects were estimated as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020159369). RESULTS A total of 75 longitudinal cohort studies were identified for meta-analysis, of which 70 examined the impact of depression on cognitive decline and five examined the impact of bone loss. Prior exposure to depression was found to be associated with cognitive score reduction (OR 1.33 95% CI 1.17, 1.51), MCI incidence (OR 1.52 95% CI 1.28, 1.79) and AD incidence (OR 1.79 95% CI 1.46, 2.2). Bone loss was also associated with the incidence of AD (OR=1.81 95% CI 1.28, 2.55). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results support the hypothesis that depression is associated with subsequent cognitive decline. Bone loss was also found to be associated with AD incidence; however, due to the small number of studies, the results should be viewed with caution.
Collapse
|
17
|
Athanasaki A, Melanis K, Tsantzali I, Stefanou MI, Ntymenou S, Paraskevas SG, Kalamatianos T, Boutati E, Lambadiari V, Voumvourakis KI, Stranjalis G, Giannopoulos S, Tsivgoulis G, Paraskevas GP. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease: Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040778. [PMID: 35453527 PMCID: PMC9029855 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia, reaching 60–80% of case totals, and is one of the major global causes of the elderly population’s decline in functionality concerning daily life activities. Epidemiological research has already indicated that, in addition to several others metabolic factors, diabetes mellitus type 2 is a risk factor of Alzheimer’s disease. Many molecular pathways have been described, and at the same time, there are clues that suggest the connection between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease, through specific genes, autophagy, and even inflammatory pathways. A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted, and its main goal was to reveal the multilevel connection between these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Athanasaki
- Department of Neurology, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (S.N.)
| | - Konstantinos Melanis
- 2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.M.); (I.T.); (M.I.S.); (S.G.P.); (K.I.V.); (S.G.); (G.T.)
| | - Ioanna Tsantzali
- 2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.M.); (I.T.); (M.I.S.); (S.G.P.); (K.I.V.); (S.G.); (G.T.)
| | - Maria Ioanna Stefanou
- 2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.M.); (I.T.); (M.I.S.); (S.G.P.); (K.I.V.); (S.G.); (G.T.)
| | - Sofia Ntymenou
- Department of Neurology, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (S.N.)
| | - Sotirios G. Paraskevas
- 2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.M.); (I.T.); (M.I.S.); (S.G.P.); (K.I.V.); (S.G.); (G.T.)
| | - Theodosis Kalamatianos
- 1st Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece; (T.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Eleni Boutati
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (E.B.); (V.L.)
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (E.B.); (V.L.)
| | - Konstantinos I. Voumvourakis
- 2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.M.); (I.T.); (M.I.S.); (S.G.P.); (K.I.V.); (S.G.); (G.T.)
| | - George Stranjalis
- 1st Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece; (T.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Sotirios Giannopoulos
- 2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.M.); (I.T.); (M.I.S.); (S.G.P.); (K.I.V.); (S.G.); (G.T.)
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- 2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.M.); (I.T.); (M.I.S.); (S.G.P.); (K.I.V.); (S.G.); (G.T.)
| | - George P. Paraskevas
- 2nd Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “Attikon” University General Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.M.); (I.T.); (M.I.S.); (S.G.P.); (K.I.V.); (S.G.); (G.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2105832466
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Menopause is a natural phenomenon among women during their midlife, which is accompanied by unfavorable physical, physiological, and psychological consequences. Therefore, the major aim of the present cross-sectional study was to examine whether the cognitive performance of women is sensitive to the severity of menopausal symptoms. METHODS A total number of 404 rural women aged between 40 and 65 years were included in the present study. The menopausal symptoms and cognitive performance of the women were assessed using the Greene Climacteric Scale and Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination scale respectively. RESULTS The results of the present study demonstrated that women experiencing severe menopausal symptoms (higher Total Greene climacteric score) presented significantly lower mean values for orientation (8.11 vs 8.90, P < 0.001), registration (2.77 vs 2.91, P < 0.001), attention (4.31 vs 4.48, P < 0.01), recall (2.26 vs 2.53, P < 0.05), and language/visuo-spatial skills (7.13 vs 7.91, P < 0.001) as compared with their counterparts with mild menopausal symptoms. The multivariate linear regression model (after adjustment for age, marital status, and educational status) recorded severe depression and greater sexual dysfunction as the factors significantly associated with lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores. CONCLUSION Hence, the findings of the present study indicated that the cognitive performance of women was sensitive to severe depression and sexual dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mankamal Kaur
- Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rubin-Norowitz M, Lipton RB, Petersen K, Ezzati A. Association of Depressive Symptoms and Cognition in Older Adults Without Dementia Across Different Biomarker Profiles. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:1385-1395. [PMID: 35786653 PMCID: PMC9723980 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a late-life risk factor for cognitive decline. Evidence suggests an association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated pathologic changes and depressive symptoms. OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of AT(N) biomarker profile (amyloid-β [A], p-tau [T], and neurodegeneration [N]) and gender on cross-sectional associations between subclinical depressive symptoms and cognitive function among older adults without dementia. METHODS Participants included 868 individuals without dementia from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). ADNI neuropsychological composite scores assessed memory and executive function (EF). PET, cerebrospinal fluid, and MRI modalities classified the study sample into biomarker profiles: normal biomarkers (A-T-N-), AD continuum (A+T±N±), and suspect non-AD pathology (SNAP; A-T±N-or A-T-N±). Multivariate regression models were used to investigate associations between GDS and cognitive domains. RESULTS GDS was negatively associated with memory (β= -0.156, p < 0.001) and EF (β= -0.147, p < 0.001) in the whole sample. When classified by biomarker profile, GDS was negatively associated with memory and EF in AD continuum (memory: β= -0.174, p < 0.001; EF: β= -0.129 p = 0.003) and SNAP (memory: β= -0.172, p = 0.005; EF: β= -0.197, p = 0.001) subgroups. When stratified by sex, GDS was negatively associated with memory (β= -0.227, p < 0.001) and EF (β= -0.205, p < 0.001) in men only. CONCLUSION The association between subclinical depressive symptoms and cognitive function is highly influenced by the AT(N) biomarker profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariel Rubin-Norowitz
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA,Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA,Correspondence to: Mariel Rubin-Norowitz, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1225 Morris Park Avenue, Van Etten 3C, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. Tel.: +1 718 430 3885; Fax: +1 718 430 3870;
| | - Richard B. Lipton
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kellen Petersen
- Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ali Ezzati
- Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Effects of Depression on Changes in Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Fixed-effects Model Analysis Using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2022; 36:319-326. [PMID: 36219139 PMCID: PMC9698135 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study identified the rate of change in cognitive function of community-based middle-aged and older adults and investigated the longitudinal effects of depression, health status, and health behavior by cognitive function group [normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia] using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. METHODS This longitudinal panel analysis collected 21,425 data points from 4285 participants. Cognitive function change patterns in the groups were examined through descriptive analysis. A fixed-effects model was estimated using demographic factors, such as depression, health behavior, and disease states as independent variables. RESULTS Compared with the baseline score of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), the 8-year mean score decreased by 10.51, 8.6, and 1.21 for the dementia, MCI, and normal groups, respectively. The estimates for the normal group showed that an increase in the depression score significantly negatively impacted the MMSE score (B=-0.059, P <0.001). However, compared with those of the MCI group (B=-0.044, P >0.05), the estimates of the dementia group confirmed that depression significantly negatively affected cognitive function (B=-0.146, P <0.05). CONCLUSION Each group showed different patterns of cognitive decline. An annual follow-up cognitive impairment screening to investigate changes in MMSE score in community-based older individuals can enable early detection of dementia.
Collapse
|
21
|
Zacková L, Jáni M, Brázdil M, Nikolova YS, Marečková K. Cognitive impairment and depression: Meta-analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging studies. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 32:102830. [PMID: 34560530 PMCID: PMC8473769 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal comorbidity of depression and cognitive impairment has been reported by number of epidemiological studies but the underlying mechanisms explaining the link between affective problems and cognitive decline are not very well understood. Imaging studies have typically investigated patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) separately and thus have not identified a structural brain signature common to these conditions that may illuminate potentially targetable shared biological mechanisms. We performed a meta-analysis of. 48 voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies of individuals with MDD, MCI, and age-matched controls and demonstrated that MDD and MCI patients had shared volumetric reductions in a number of regions including the insula, superior temporal gyrus (STG), inferior frontal gyrus, amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus. We suggest that the shared volumetric reductions in the insula and STG might reflect communication deficits and infrequent participation in mentally or socially stimulating activities, which have been described as risk factors for both MCI and MDD. We also suggest that the disease-specific structural changes might reflect the disease-specific symptoms such as poor integration of emotional information, feelings of helplessness and worthlessness, and anhedonia in MDD. These findings could contribute to better understanding of the origins of MDD-MCI comorbidity and facilitate development of early interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Zacková
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University (CEITEC MU), 5 Kamenice, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 664/53 Pekarska, Brno 65691, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Jáni
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University (CEITEC MU), 5 Kamenice, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University (CEITEC MU), 5 Kamenice, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 664/53 Pekarska, Brno 65691, Czech Republic
| | - Yuliya S Nikolova
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1L8, Canada
| | - Klára Marečková
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University (CEITEC MU), 5 Kamenice, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1L8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Evolution from pseudodementia to dementia: is depressive symptom an optional extra? Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:751-754. [PMID: 34423754 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610220003890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
23
|
Depressive symptoms with cognitive dysfunction increase the risk of cognitive impairment: analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), 2006-2018. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:791-801. [PMID: 33190670 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610220003622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Geriatric depression complicates cognitive health in older adults. This study aims to investigate the impact of depressive symptoms on cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults, depending on whether cognitive dysfunction accompanied. DESIGN A community-based longitudinal cohort study. SETTING This study analyzed data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from 2006 to 2018. PARTICIPANTS Among 10,254 individuals who were registered in the KLoSA study, a total of 9119 subjects met the criteria, and 4547 subjects were included in the final analysis. The subjects were grouped into 4 categories based on depressive symptoms and cognitive dysfunction at baseline assessment: "normal control" (NC, n = 3341), "depression only" (Dep-only, n = 652), "cognitive dysfunction only" (CD-only, n = 393), and "depression with cognitive dysfunction" (Dep-CD, n = 161). MEASUREMENTS Cognitive impairment 10 years later was defined as K-MMSE scores below two percentile on demographically adjusted norms. RESULTS Ten-year survival, that is, not experiencing cognitive impairment, was 80 $$ \pm \,$$1% in NC group, 72 $$ \pm $$ 2% in Dep-only group, 52 $$ \pm $$ 3% in CD-only group, and 44 $$ \pm $$ 5% in Dep-CD group. The hazard ratio (HR) of the Dep-only group (HR = 1.18, 95% CI, 0.97-1.43, n.s.) did not differ from that of the NC group, but the HR of the Dep-CD group was significantly higher (HR = 2.85, 95% CI, 2.23-3.66, p < 0.001) than the NC group. When the Dep-CD group was compared to the CD-only group, the HR was 1.13 (95% CI, 0.85-1.49, n.s.), which indicates that it did not significantly differ from the CD-only group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that depressive symptoms with cognitive dysfunction are associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment. Furthermore, cognitive dysfunction occurring with depressive symptoms is as much a risk for cognitive impairment as is pure cognitive dysfunction. Thus, healthcare providers should pay close attention to the community-dwelling elderly when depressive symptoms occur with cognitive dysfunction.
Collapse
|
24
|
Educational level as a protective factor against the influence of depressive symptoms on cognition in older adults: implications for functional independence during a 10-year follow-up. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:813-825. [PMID: 33762060 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610221000272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether the educational level moderates the relationship between baseline depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning at 5- and 10-year follow-ups in older adults, considering the association between cognitive functioning and difficulty with activities of daily living (ADL). DESIGN Using a prospective design, a path analysis was performed. SETTING In-home, face-to-face interviews and self-administered questionnaires, within the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. PARTICIPANTS In total, 1,461 participants (mean age = 66.62) were followed up from Wave 1 (baseline) to Wave 2 (at 5 years) and Wave 3 (at 10 years). MEASUREMENTS Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline. Cognitive functioning and difficulty with ADL were assessed at baseline and at 5 and 10 years. RESULTS Educational level moderates the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning at 5 years (β = 0.07, SE = 0.03, p = 0.04, Cohen's f2 = 0.02), being depressive symptoms related to poor cognitive functioning only at low educational levels. Cognitive functioning predicts difficulty with ADL at 5 and 10 years (β = -0.08, SE = 0.03, p = 0.008, Cohen's f2 = 0.01; β = -0.09, SE = 0.03, p = 0.006, Cohen's f2 = 0.02). The proposed model yielded excellent fit (CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.0001, 90% CI 0.0001-0.03, SRMR = 0.004, and χ2(8) = 7.16, p = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS Cognitive reserve may act as a protective factor against the effect of depressive symptoms on cognition in older adults, which, in turn, is relevant to their functional independence.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sáiz-Vázquez O, Gracia-García P, Ubillos-Landa S, Puente-Martínez A, Casado-Yusta S, Olaya B, Santabárbara J. Depression as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Meta-Analyses. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091809. [PMID: 33919227 PMCID: PMC8122638 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia, linked to morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. Recently, several clinical studies suggested that depression is a potential risk factor for cognitive decline and AD. A review of meta-analyses was performed, calculating pooled odds ratios to estimate the risk of AD in people with a prior diagnosis (or clinically significant symptoms) of depression. A total of six meta-analyses which represented 28 individual studies were analyzed. A significant association between depression and AD was found (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [1.02–2.31]; p = 0.038). The results showed that heterogeneity across studies was substantial. We found a significant positive effect size for clinical measures of depression, but not for symptomatic rating scales, in the association of depression with risk of AD. The type of rating scale used to assess depression and the cut-off criteria selected also moderated the relationship between depression and AD risk. We found that studies that used clinically significant criteria for diagnosis of depression had more consistent and significant results than studies that used symptomatic scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olalla Sáiz-Vázquez
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, C/Paseo de los Comendadores, Hospital Militar, 1, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | | | - Silvia Ubillos-Landa
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, C/Villadiego, 1, 09001 Burgos, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-947-258-074
| | - Alicia Puente-Martínez
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, C/Paseo de los Comendadores, Hospital Militar, 1, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Silvia Casado-Yusta
- Department of Applied Economy, Faculty of Economics and Business Sciences, University of Burgos, Pza. De la Infanta Dª Elena, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Olaya
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Doctor Pujadas 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Javier Santabárbara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragonese Institute of Health Sciences (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Late-life depression and increased risk of dementia: a longitudinal cohort study. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:147. [PMID: 33654078 PMCID: PMC7925518 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia; however, it is not known whether individuals with a history of LLD exhibit a more rapid rate of cognitive decline. We aimed to determine whether those with LLD experienced faster cognitive decline compared with never-depressed control (NDC) participants from the community and whether stratification of LLD into early-onset depression (EOD) and late-onset depression (LOD) subtypes revealed differing rates and domain-specific expression of cognitive decline. We conducted a prospective, longitudinal study where 185 participants with LLD (remitted) and 114 NDC were followed for 5 years on average. EOD was defined as having first lifetime depressive episode at <60years and LOD at ≥60years. Every year, participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Composite scores for each cognitive domain were calculated through averaging standardized scores across tests. LLD compared to NDC demonstrated significant baseline impairment but did not decline more rapidly. EOD were significantly impaired in attention/processing speed and global cognitive function at baseline but did not experience more rapid decline as compared to NDC. Those with LOD compared to both NDC and EOD performed worse in all domains at baseline and experienced more rapid decline in verbal skills and delayed memory ability. Our findings suggest that baseline impairment may lower the threshold for those with LLD to develop dementia. EOD and LOD may represent distinct phenotypes of cognitive impairment with differing neural substrates. LOD may represent a distinct phenotype with a more rapid decline in verbal skills and delayed memory.
Collapse
|
27
|
Brenowitz WD, Al Hazzouri AZ, Vittinghoff E, Golden SH, Fitzpatrick AL, Yaffe K. Depressive Symptoms Imputed Across the Life Course Are Associated with Cognitive Impairment and Cognitive Decline. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:1379-1389. [PMID: 34420969 PMCID: PMC9095065 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms may increase risk for dementia, but findings are controversial because late-life depression may be a prodromal dementia symptom. Life course data on depression and dementia risk may clarify this association; however, data is limited. OBJECTIVE To impute adult depressive symptoms trajectories across adult life stages and estimate the association with cognitive impairment and decline. METHODS Using a pooled study of 4 prospective cohorts (ages 20-89), we imputed adult life course depressive symptoms trajectories based on Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 (CESD-10) and calculated time-weighted averages for early adulthood (ages 20-49), mid-life (ages 50-69), and late-life (ages 70-89) for 6,122 older participants. Adjusted pooled logistic and mixed-effects models estimated associations of imputed depressive symptoms with two cognitive outcomes: cognitive impairment defined by established criteria and a composite cognitive score. RESULTS In separate models, elevated depressive symptoms in each life stage were associated with cognitive outcomes: early adulthood OR for cognitive impairment = 1.59 (95%CI: 1.35,1.87); mid-life OR = 1.94 (95%CI:1.16, 3.26); and late-life OR = 1.77 (95%CI:1.42, 2.21). When adjusted for depressive symptoms in the other life-stages, elevated depressive symptoms in early adulthood (OR = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.42,2.11) and late-life (OR = 1.43; 95%CI: 1.08,1.89) remained associated with cognitive impairment and were also associated with faster rates of cognitive decline (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Imputing depressive symptom trajectories from pooled cohorts may help expand data across the life course. Our findings suggest early adulthood depressive symptoms may be a risk factor for cognitive impairment independent of mid- or late-life depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willa D. Brenowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY, USA
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sherita H. Golden
- Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annette L. Fitzpatrick
- Departments of Family Medicine, Epidemiology, and Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Association of Late Life Depression, (Non-) Modifiable Risk and Protective Factors with Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: Literature Review on Current Evidences, Preventive Interventions and Possible Future Trends in Prevention and Treatment of Dementia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207475. [PMID: 33066592 PMCID: PMC7602449 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The number of people living with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease is growing rapidly, making dementia one of the biggest challenges for this century. Many studies have indicated that depression plays an important role in development of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease; depression, especially, during the late life may either increase the risk of dementia or even being its prodromal stage. Despite a notably large number of carried observational studies and/or clinical trials, the association between the late life depression and dementia remains, due to the complexity of their relationship, still unclear. Moreover, during past two decades multiple other (non-)modifiable risk and possibly protective factors such as the hypertension, social engagement, obesity, level of education or physical (in)activity have been identified and their relationship with the risk for development of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease has been extensively studied. It has been proposed that to understand mechanisms of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease pathogeneses require their multifactorial nature represented by these multiple factors to be considered. In this review, we first summarize the recent literature findings on roles of the late life depression and the other known (non-)modifiable risk and possibly protective factors in development of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Then, we provide evidences supporting hypotheses that (i) depressive syndromes in late life may indicate the prodromal stage of dementia (Alzheimer’s disease) and, (ii) the interplay among the multiple (non-)modifiable risk and protective factors should be considered to gain a better understanding of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease pathogeneses. We also discuss the evidences of recently established interventions considered to prevent or delay the prodromes of dementia and provide the prospective future directions in prevention and treatment of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease using both the single-domain and multidomain interventions.
Collapse
|
29
|
Kuring JK, Mathias JL, Ward L. Risk of Dementia in persons who have previously experienced clinically-significant Depression, Anxiety, or PTSD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:247-261. [PMID: 32469813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, anxiety and PTSD appear to be linked to dementia, but it is unclear whether they are risk factors (causal or prodromal) for, comorbid with, or sequelae to (secondary effect of) dementia. Existing meta-analyses have examined depression or anxiety in all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), but have not considered post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), or frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The current meta-analysis examined the risk of developing dementia (AD, VaD, DLB, FTD, all-cause) in people with and without a history of clinically-significant depression, anxiety or PTSD in order to better understand the link between mental illness and dementia (PROSPERO number: CRD42018099872). METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL searches identified 36 eligible studies. RESULTS There is a higher risk of developing all-cause dementia and AD in people with previous depression, and a higher risk of all-cause dementia in people with prior anxiety, than in persons without this history. Prior PTSD was not associated with a higher risk of later being diagnosed with dementia. LIMITATIONS The data for anxiety, PTSD, DLB and FTD were limited. CONCLUSIONS Depression and anxiety appear to be risk factors for dementia, but longitudinal studies across adulthood (young adult/mid-life/older adult) are needed to evaluate the likely causal or prodromal nature of this risk. The link between PTSD and dementia remains unclear. Regular screening for new onset mental illness and for cognitive changes in older adults with a history of mental illness may assist with earlier identification of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J K Kuring
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J L Mathias
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - L Ward
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu JJ, Wang HX, Yao W, Yan Z, Pei JJ. Late-life depression and the risk of dementia in 14 countries: a 10-year follow-up study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:671-677. [PMID: 32664001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is the most common mental health problem and often co-occurs with dementia in old age. This study investigates the influence of late-life depression on risk of dementia. METHODS A total of 16210 dementia-free participants aged 60+ from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe were followed up for 10 years to detect incident dementia. Depression was assessed by a 12-item Europe-depression scale, dementia was determined by physician diagnosis reported by the participants and their informants. Fine and Gray model was performed to explore the association between depression and incident dementia taking into account competing risk of death. RESULTS During an average of 8 years follow-up, 1030 (6.35%) incident dementia were identified. Late-life depression was related to higher subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) of dementia (sHR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.32-1.75) after adjusting for age, gender, country, education, smoking, drinking, living arrangement, BMI, chronic disease, and physical activity. Further, the risk was only existed in those below age of 80 (sHR=1.75, 95%CI: 1.47-2.07). In addition, a dose-response association was observed between the severity of depression and dementia risk (p for trend<0.001). LIMITATION The ascertainment of depression and dementia was based on information reported by the participants and/or their informants, which might result in information bias. The causal relationship could not be determined because limited follow-up time. CONCLUSIONS Late-life depression is associated with higher incidence of dementia in a dose-response fashion. Interventions targeting depression patients aged 60-79 years and those with severe depression may be effective strategies to prevent dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Wu
- College of Public health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui-Xin Wang
- College of Public health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Wu Yao
- College of Public health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Zhen Yan
- College of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jin-Jing Pei
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hudon C, Escudier F, De Roy J, Croteau J, Cross N, Dang-Vu TT, Zomahoun HTV, Grenier S, Gagnon JF, Parent A, Bruneau MA, Belleville S. Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms that Predict Cognitive Decline or Impairment in Cognitively Normal Middle-Aged or Older Adults: a Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychol Rev 2020; 30:558-579. [PMID: 32394109 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have revealed that behavioral and psychological (or non-cognitive) symptoms are risk factors for cognitive decline in older adults. This study aimed to systematically review the literature and determine which behavioral and psychological symptoms are most predictive of future cognitive decline among individuals with no pre-existing cognitive impairments. The selected studies included middle-aged or older adults without cognitive impairments. The predictors were assessed using behavioral and psychological questionnaires, or diagnostic interviews, to identify non-cognitive symptoms or psychiatric clinical conditions. The follow-up period was at least one year, and the design of the selected studies was either retrospective or prospective. This study compared individuals with and without non-cognitive manifestations and resulted in one of three outcomes: (a) a score change on a cognitive measure, (b) a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, or (c) a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or dementia. Four online databases were searched for eligible studies from the database inception to January 17, 2017: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (OVID), PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Pooled effect sizes were estimated using a random-effect model. Higgins I2, the Q statistic, and tau-squared were used to quantify the observed heterogeneity between the studies. Results indicate that depression and sleep duration (long and short) were the most consistent associations between behavioral or psychological symptoms and cognitive decline. This meta-analysis supports the need to assess behavioral and psychological symptoms in cognitively intact older adults to identify those who are at risk for cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Hudon
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2601, ch. de la Canardière (F-2400), Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada. .,CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Frédérique Escudier
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jessie De Roy
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, CIUSSS-NÎM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jordie Croteau
- Health and Social Services Systems, Knowledge Translation and Implementation component of the Quebec SPOR-SUPPORT Unit, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Population Health and Practice-Changing Research Group, Research Centre of CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nathan Cross
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hervé Tchala Vignon Zomahoun
- Health and Social Services Systems, Knowledge Translation and Implementation component of the Quebec SPOR-SUPPORT Unit, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Population Health and Practice-Changing Research Group, Research Centre of CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Grenier
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Gagnon
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, CIUSSS-NÎM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Marie-Andrée Bruneau
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Brzezińska A, Bourke J, Rivera-Hernández R, Tsolaki M, Woźniak J, Kaźmierski J. Depression in Dementia or Dementia in Depression? Systematic Review of Studies and Hypotheses. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 17:16-28. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666200217104114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The majority of research works to date suggest that Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a
risk factor for dementia and may predispose to cognitive decline in both early and late onset variants.
The presence of depression may not, however, reflect the cause, rather, an effect: it may be a response to
cognitive impairment or alters the threshold at which cognitive impairment might manifest or be detected.
An alternative hypothesis is that depression may be part of a prodrome to Alzheimer’s Disease
(AD), suggesting a neurobiological association rather than one of psychological response alone. Genetic
polymorphisms may explain some of the variances in shared phenomenology between the diagnoses, the
instance, when the conditions arise comorbidly, the order in which they are detected that may depend on
individual cognitive and physical reserves, as well as the medical history and individual vulnerability.
This hypothesis is biologically sound but has not been systematically investigated to date. The current
review highlights how genetic variations are involved in the development of both AD and MDD, and the
risk conferred by these variations on the expression of these two disorders comorbidly is an important
consideration for future studies of pathoaetiological mechanisms and in the stratification of study samples
for randomised controlled trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Brzezińska
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Julius Bourke
- Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute for Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London E14NS, United Kingdom
| | - Rayito Rivera-Hernández
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychology, Legal Medicine and History of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, “George Papanicolaou” Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Joanna Woźniak
- Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Kaźmierski
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wiels W, Baeken C, Engelborghs S. Depressive Symptoms in the Elderly-An Early Symptom of Dementia? A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:34. [PMID: 32116710 PMCID: PMC7020568 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression and dementia are common incapacitating diseases in old age. The exact nature of the relationship between these conditions remains unclear, and multiple explanations have been suggested: depressive symptoms may be a risk factor for, a prodromal symptom of, or a coincidental finding in dementia. They may even be unrelated or only connected through common risk factors. Multiple studies so far have provided conflicting results. Objectives To determine whether a systematic literature review can clarify the nature of the relation between depressive symptoms and dementia. Methods Using the Patient/Problem/Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome or PICO paradigm, a known framework for framing healthcare and evidence questions, we formulated the question “whether depressive symptoms in cognitively intact older adults are associated with a diagnosis of dementia later in life.” We performed a systematic literature review of MEDLINE and PsycINFO in November 2018, looking for prospective cohort studies examining the aforementioned question. Results We critically analyzed and listed 31 relevant papers out of 1,656 and grouped them according to the main hypothesis they support: depressive symptoms as a risk factor, not a risk factor, a prodromal symptom, both, or some specific other hypothesis. All but three studies used clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia alone (i.e., no biomarkers or autopsy confirmation). Several studies contain solid arguments for the hypotheses they support, yet they do not formally contradict other findings or suggested explanations and are heterogeneous. Conclusions The exact nature of the relationship between depressive symptoms and dementia in the elderly remains inconclusive, with multiple studies supporting both the risk factor and prodromal hypotheses. Some provide arguments for common risk factors. It seems unlikely that there is no connection at all. We conclude that at least in a significant part of the patients, depressive symptoms and dementia are related. This may be due to common risk factors and/or depressive symptoms being a prodromal symptom of dementia and/or depression being a risk factor for dementia. These causal associations possibly overlap in some patients. Further research is warranted to develop predictive biomarkers and to develop interventions that may attenuate the risk of “conversion” from depressive symptoms to dementia in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wietse Wiels
- Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Differential Effect of Demographics, Processing Speed, and Depression on Cognitive Function in 755 Non-demented Community-dwelling Elderly Individuals. Cogn Behav Neurol 2019; 32:236-246. [DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
35
|
Huang CM, Fan YT, Lee SH, Liu HL, Chen YL, Lin C, Lee TMC. Cognitive reserve-mediated neural modulation of emotional control and regulation in people with late-life depression. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2019; 14:849-860. [PMID: 31603228 PMCID: PMC6847904 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsz054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-life depression (LLD) is an affective disorder that is highly prevalent among older people. Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to an active process that facilitates the flexibility and efficiency of the neural networks to compensate for impairments that emerge in consequence of brain pathology. The current functional magnetic resonance imaging study investigated whether and how CR affects emotional regulation, level of depression severity and neural activity associated with affective control during emotional Stroop (eStroop) task. Altogether, 90 older people participated in this study, 50 of whom suffered from LLD. We used years of education and verbal fluency capacity as proxies for CR. Clinical participants with relatively higher CR presented with milder degrees of depression, better eStroop performance and stronger neural activity in the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) involved with exercising affective control. Results of the mediation analysis indicated that both education and verbal fluency significantly mediated the association between the depression severity and MEG activity. These results suggest a negative association between CR and age-related clinical symptoms of emotional dysregulation. Our neurobehavioral findings provide supportive evidence that CR implies efficiency of top-down emotional regulation and operates as a protective factor against emotional and cognitive vulnerability in the aging brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Mao Huang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDSB), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Teng Fan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDSB), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Hua Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ling Liu
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yao-Liang Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Chemin Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tatia M C Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ezzati A, Katz MJ, Derby CA, Zimmerman ME, Lipton RB. Depressive Symptoms Predict Incident Dementia in a Community Sample of Older Adults: Results From the Einstein Aging Study. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2019; 32:891988718824036. [PMID: 30630387 PMCID: PMC7201340 DOI: 10.1177/0891988718824036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence that depressive symptoms are associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. In current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of depressive symptoms on incident Alzheimer disease and all-cause dementia in a community sample of older adults. METHODS: Participants were 1219 older adults from the Einstein Aging Study, a longitudinal cohort study of community-dwelling older adults in Bronx County, New York. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS, 15-item) was used as a measure of depressive symptoms. The primary outcome was incident dementia diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition, criteria. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the risk of incident dementia as a function of GDS score for the whole population and also for 2 different time intervals, <3 years and ≥3 years after baseline assessment. RESULTS: Among participants, 132 individuals developed dementia over an average 4.5 years (standard deviation [SD] = 3.5) of follow-up. Participants had an average age of 78.3 (SD = 5.4) at baseline, and 62% were women. Among all participants, after controlling for demographic variables and medical comorbidities, a 1-point increase in GDS was associated with higher incidence of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.11, P = .007). After up to 3 years of follow-up, depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with dementia incidence (HR = 1.09; P = .070). However, after more than 3 years, GDS score was a significant predictor of incident dementia (HR = 1.13, P = .028). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of incident dementia in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ezzati
- Saul B. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mindy J. Katz
- Saul B. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Carol A. Derby
- Saul B. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Molly E. Zimmerman
- Saul B. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Richard B. Lipton
- Saul B. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu X, Jiang W, Yuan Y. Aberrant Default Mode Network Underlying the Cognitive Deficits in the Patients With Late-Onset Depression. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:310. [PMID: 30337869 PMCID: PMC6178980 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset depression (LOD) is regarded as a risk factor or a prodrome of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Moreover, LOD patients with cognitive deficits have the higher risk of subsequent AD. Thus, it is necessary to understand the neural underpinnings of cognitive deficits and its pathological implications in LOD. Consistent findings show that the default mode network (DMN) is an important and potentially useful brain network for the cognitive deficits in LOD patients. In recent years, genetics has been actively researched as a possible risk factor in the pathogenesis of LOD. So, in this review, we discuss the current research progress on the cognitive deficits and DMN in LOD through a combined view of brain network and genetics. We find that different structural and functional impairments of the DMN might be involved in the etiological mechanisms of different cognitive impairments in LOD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Liu
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Psychosomatics, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Psychosomatics, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Psychosomatics, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Vloeberghs R, Opmeer EM, De Deyn PP, Engelborghs S, De Roeck EE. [Apathy, depression and cognitive functioning in patients with MCI and dementia]. Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 49:95-102. [PMID: 29488192 DOI: 10.1007/s12439-018-0248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In dementia, apathy and depression are often seen as one disorder because of the many overlapping symptoms. However, for therapy a correct differentiation is essential. Moreover, apathy and depression are likely both associated with different cognitive deficits and progression of the disease. In this research we give an overview of cognitive domains associated with apathy and depression in MCI patients and report how often both disorders occur in a population sample. METHOD We administered the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) to 117 cognitively healthy controls (GC), 97 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 50 patients with dementia (DEM). In addition, the Apathy Evaluation Scale clinical version (AES-C) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were administered. RESULTS The number of patients with apathy increased with cognitive decline with respectively 3.4%, 10.4% and 41.5% of patients in the GC, MCI and DEM group. The prevalence of isolated depression was highest in the MCI group (18.8%). Correlation analyses in the MCI group showed that apathy and not depression was associated with a deficit in encoding, attention and global cognitive functioning. CONCLUSION The prevalence of apathy and depressive symptoms is different in patients with MCI, DEM and GC, and within the MCI group apathy and depression are associated with different cognitive domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Vloeberghs
- Thomas More Hogeschool, Antwerpen, België
- Referentiecentrum voor Biologische Markers van Dementie, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, België
| | - Esther M Opmeer
- Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Afdeling Neurowetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, Nederland
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Referentiecentrum voor Biologische Markers van Dementie, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, België
- Departement Neurologie en Geheugenkliniek, ZNA Middelheim en Hoge Beuken, Antwerpen, België
- Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Afdeling Neurologie en Alzheimer Research Centrum, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, Nederland
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Referentiecentrum voor Biologische Markers van Dementie, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, België
- Departement Neurologie en Geheugenkliniek, ZNA Middelheim en Hoge Beuken, Antwerpen, België
| | - Ellen E De Roeck
- Referentiecentrum voor Biologische Markers van Dementie, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, België.
- Departement psychologie en educatiewetenschappen, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, België.
- Departement Biomedische Wetenschappen, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteit Antwerpen, Wilrijk, België.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lam Nogueira BOC, Li L, Meng LR, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Chiu HFK, Kuok KCF, Tran L, Xiang YT. Clinical characteristics and quality of life of older adults with cognitive impairment in Macao. Psychogeriatrics 2018; 18:182-189. [PMID: 29409163 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the characteristics of older adults with cognitive impairment in Macao. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the quality of life (QOL) of older adults living in the community and nursing homes. METHODS A consecutive sample of 413 subjects (199 from the community; 214 from nursing homes) was recruited and interviewed using standardized instruments. Cognition was measured with the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status and QOL with the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. RESULTS Altogether 87 subjects (21.0%) had cognitive impairment. On multivariate analyses, advanced age (P < 0.001, OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03-1.1) and depressive symptoms (P = 0.03, OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 0.005-1.1) were positively associated with cognitive impairment. Married marital status (P = 0.01, OR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.1-0.7) and higher education level (P < 0.001, OR = 0.1, 95%CI: 0.06-0.3) were negatively associated with cognitive impairment. After the confounders were controlled for, cognitive impairment was significantly associated with the lower psychological (F (11,412) = 6.3, P = 0.01) and social relationship domains of QOL (F (11,412) = 4.0, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Cognitive impairment was found to be common in community-dwelling and nursing home resident older adults in Macao. Given cognitive impairment's negative impact on QOL, appropriate strategies should be implemented to improve access to treatment in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernice O C Lam Nogueira
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China.,Macao Sino-Portuguese Nurses Association, Macao, China
| | - Lu Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China.,Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Li-Rong Meng
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame Australia, Marian Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen F K Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenny C F Kuok
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China
| | - Linda Tran
- Macao Sino-Portuguese Nurses Association, Macao, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Amyloid burden and incident depressive symptoms in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. J Affect Disord 2018; 229:269-274. [PMID: 29329059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships between depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD) may become clearer if studied in preclinical AD where dementia is not present. METHOD The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively, relationships between brain amyloid-β (Aβ), depressive symptoms and screen positive depression in cognitively normal (CN) older adults. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Geriatric Depression Inventory (GDS-15) in CN adults from the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study without depression at baseline and classified as having abnormally high (Aβ+; n = 136) or low (Aβ-; n = 449) Aβ according to positron emission tomography at 18-month intervals over 72 months. RESULTS Incident cases of screen positive depression were not increased in Aβ+ CN adults although small increases in overall depressive symptoms severity (d = - 0.25; 95% CI, - 0.45, - 0.05) and apathy-anxiety symptoms (d = - 0.28; 95% CI - 0.48, - 0.08) were. LIMITATIONS As the AIBL sample is an experimental sample, no individuals had severe medical illnesses or significant psychiatric disorders. Additionally, individuals who had evidence of screen-positive depression at screening were excluded from enrolment in the AIBL study. Thus, the current data can be considered only as providing a foundation for understanding relationships between Aβ and depression in preclinical AD. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the presence of a depressive disorder or even increased depressive symptoms are themselves unlikely to be a direct consequence of increasing Aβ. New depressive disorders presenting in CN older adults could therefore be investigated for aetiologies beyond AD.
Collapse
|
41
|
Jacob L, Bohlken J, Kostev K. Risk Factors for Mild Cognitive Impairment in German Primary Care Practices. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 56:379-384. [PMID: 27911316 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common mental disorder affecting around 16% of elderly people without dementia. MCI is considered an intermediate state between normal cognition and dementia. OBJECTIVE To analyze risk factors for the development of MCI in German primary care practices. METHODS In total, 3,604 MCI patients and 3,604 controls without MCI were included between January 2010 and December 2015. Several disorders potentially associated with MCI were determined. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with MCI as a dependent variable and other disorders as potential predictors. RESULTS The mean age was 75.2 years and 45.3% of patients were men. MCI development was found to be associated with 12 disorders: intracranial injury, anxiety disorder, depression, mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use, stroke, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, Parkinson's disease, sleep disorder, coronary heart disease, and diabetes with odds ratios ranging from 1.13 (diabetes) to 2.27 (intracranial injury). CONCLUSION Intracranial injury, anxiety, and depression showed the strongest association with MCI. Further analyses are needed to gain a better understanding of the MCI risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Jacob
- Department of Biology, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Justice NJ. The relationship between stress and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Stress 2018; 8:127-133. [PMID: 29888308 PMCID: PMC5991350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is critically involved in the development and progression of disease. From the stress of undergoing treatments to facing your own mortality, the physiological processes that stress drives have a serious detrimental effect on the ability to heal, cope and maintain a positive quality of life. This is becoming increasingly clear in the case of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases involve the devastating loss of cognitive and motor function which is stressful in itself, but can also disrupt neural circuits that mediate stress responses. Disrupting these circuits produces aberrant emotional and aggressive behavior that causes long-term care to be especially difficult. In addition, added stress drives progression of the disease and can exacerbate symptoms. In this review, I describe how neural and endocrine pathways activated by stress interact with ongoing neurodegenerative disease from both a clinical and experimental perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Justice
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gasser AI, Salamin V, Zumbach S. Dépression de la personne âgée ou maladie d’Alzheimer prodromique : quels outils pour le diagnostic différentiel ? Encephale 2018; 44:52-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
44
|
State-dependent alterations in cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 levels in cognitively intact elderly with late-life major depression. Neuroreport 2018; 27:1068-71. [PMID: 27508979 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Depression has been linked to Alzheimer's disease as either an increased risk factor for its development or as a prodromal symptom. The neurobiological basis for such an association, however, remains poorly understood. Numerous studies have examined whether changes in amyloid beta (Aβ) metabolism, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, are also found in depression. In this paper, we investigated the relationship between depressive symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ indices in otherwise healthy, cognitively normal elderly with late-life major depression (LLMD) and controls using a longitudinal approach, which is a novel contribution toward the literature. Significantly lower levels of CSF Aβ42 were observed in the LLMD group at baseline and were associated with more severe depressive symptoms. During longitudinal follow-up, the depressed group remained cognitively unchanged, but was significantly less depressed than at baseline. A greater improvement in depressive symptoms was associated with increases in CSF Aβ42 levels in both groups. Increases in CSF Aβ42 and Aβ40 were also associated with increased CSF total-tau levels. Our results suggest that LLMD may be associated with state-dependent effects of CSF Aβ42 levels. Future studies should determine whether the association reflects state-dependent changes in neuronal activity and/or brain amyloid burden in depression.
Collapse
|
45
|
Lee J, Park H, Chey J. Education as a Protective Factor Moderating the Effect of Depression on Memory Impairment in Elderly Women. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:70-77. [PMID: 29422928 PMCID: PMC5795034 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2018.15.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The cognitive reserve theory explicates individual differences observed in the clinical manifestation of dementia despite similar brain pathology. Education, a popular proxy of the cognitive reserve, has been shown to have protective effects delaying the onset of clinical symptoms including memory. This study was conducted to test whether education can moderate the negative effect of depressive mood on memory performance in elderly women residing in the community. METHODS 29 elderly "unschooled" female (less than 6 years of formal education) and 49 "schooled" female (6 or more years) people were compared with regard to association between depressive mood and verbal memory functioning, which were measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Elderly Verbal Learning Test, respectively. RESULTS The results showed that completing or receiving more than primary school education significantly reduced the negative association between depressive mood and memory performance. Participants who did not complete primary schooling showed a decline in memory test scores depending on the level of depressive mood; whereas participants who have completed or received more than primary education displayed relatively stable memory function despite varying level of depressive mood. CONCLUSION Our findings imply that education in early life may have protective effects against memory impairment related to elderly depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoun Lee
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heyeon Park
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Medical Services, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeanyung Chey
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu YC, Meguro K, Nakamura K, Akanuma K, Nakatsuka M, Seki T, Nakaaki S, Mimura M, Kawakami N. Depression and Dementia in Old-Old Population: History of Depression May Be Associated with Dementia Onset. The Tome Project. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:335. [PMID: 29089886 PMCID: PMC5650996 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In this study, we investigated the relationship among a history of depression, depressive states, and dementia in a community-based old-old cohort. Methods: From 2012 to 2013, we recruited 200 subjects residing in Tome, Japan. Ultimately, 181 subjects were enrolled in our study and completed the whole study protocol. We used the World Mental Health-Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 to evaluate whether subjects had a history of depression or other affective disorders. Simultaneously, 3.0 Tesla brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for each subject. Results: Of 181 subjects, 66 were normal (clinical dementia rating [CDR] = 0), 88 had MCI (CDR = 0.5), and 27 had dementia (CDR = 1 or above). Nine of the 181 subjects (4.9%) had a history of depressive episodes. CDR was significantly higher in subjects with a history of depression (0.9 vs. 0.4, p = 0.046) than in those without it. Seventy-two of the 181 subjects (39.7%) exhibited depressive symptoms. Subjects with depression exhibited lower Mini–Mental State Examination scores (21.6 vs. 23.3, p = 0.008), higher CDR scores (0.6 vs. 0.3, p = 0.004), and more atrophy of the medial temporal lobe (4.4 vs. 3.7, p = 0.036). Conclusion: A history of depression should be considered a risk factor for all-cause dementia. In the old-old population, depression is associated with a higher prevalence of dementia, lower cognitive performance, and a smaller hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chien Liu
- Division of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center (CYRIC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Neurological Center of Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Fu Jen University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kenichi Meguro
- Division of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center (CYRIC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kei Nakamura
- Division of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center (CYRIC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kyoko Akanuma
- Division of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center (CYRIC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatsuka
- Division of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center (CYRIC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Seki
- Division of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center (CYRIC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shutaro Nakaaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Assessing the presence of shared genetic architecture between Alzheimer's disease and major depressive disorder using genome-wide association data. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1094. [PMID: 28418403 PMCID: PMC5416691 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both common in older age and frequently co-occur. Numerous phenotypic studies based on clinical diagnoses suggest that a history of depression increases risk of subsequent AD, although the basis of this relationship is uncertain. Both illnesses are polygenic, and shared genetic risk factors could explain some of the observed association. We used genotype data to test whether MDD and AD have an overlapping polygenic architecture in two large population-based cohorts, Generation Scotland's Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS; N=19 889) and UK Biobank (N=25 118), and whether age of depression onset influences any relationship. Using two complementary techniques, we found no evidence that the disorders are influenced by common genetic variants. Using linkage disequilibrium score regression with genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project, we report no significant genetic correlation between AD and MDD (rG=-0.103, P=0.59). Polygenic risk scores (PRS) generated using summary data from International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP) and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium were used to assess potential pleiotropy between the disorders. PRS for MDD were nominally associated with participant-recalled AD family history in GS:SFHS, although this association did not survive multiple comparison testing. AD PRS were not associated with depression status or late-onset depression, and a survival analysis showed no association between age of depression onset and genetic risk for AD. This study found no evidence to support a common polygenic structure for AD and MDD, suggesting that the comorbidity of these disorders is not explained by common genetic variants.
Collapse
|
48
|
Sultan AA, Ali MAER, El-Badrawy AG, Bayoumi DM. Role of DWI and MRS in diagnosis of Alzheimer’s and pre-Alzheimer’s disease. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
49
|
van der Linde RM, Dening T, Stephan BCM, Prina AM, Evans E, Brayne C. Longitudinal course of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry 2016; 209:366-377. [PMID: 27491532 PMCID: PMC5100633 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.148403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More information about the pattern of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in the course of dementia is needed to inform patients and clinicians and to design future interventions. AIMS To determine the persistence and incidence of BPSD and their relation to cognitive function, in individuals with dementia or in cohorts investigated for dementia onset. METHOD A systematic literature review analysed the baseline prevalence, persistence and incidence of 11 symptoms. The review was conducted according to established guidelines with the exception that we could not exclude the possibilities of bias in the studies examined. RESULTS The 59 included studies showed considerable heterogeneity in their objectives and methods. The symptoms hyperactivity and apathy showed high persistence and incidence; depression and anxiety low or moderate persistence and moderate incidence; and psychotic symptoms low persistence with moderate or low incidence. CONCLUSIONS Despite heterogeneity across studies in terms of setting, focus and length of follow-up, there were clinically relevant differences in the longitudinal courses of different BPSD. Apathy was the only symptom with high baseline prevalence, persistence and incidence during the course of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rianne M. van der Linde
- Correspondence: R. van der Linde, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Herchel Smith Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Makizako H, Shimada H, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Hotta R, Nakakubo S, Makino K, Suzuki T. Comorbid Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms Predict Future Dementia in Community Older Adults: A 24-Month Follow-Up Longitudinal Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 54:1473-1482. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Hotta
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Suzuki
- Research Institute of Aging and Development, J.F. Oberlin University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|