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Shoman Y, Ranjbar S, Strippoli MP, von Känel R, Preisig M, Guseva Canu I. Relationship Between Effort-Reward Imbalance, Over-Commitment and Occupational Burnout in the General Population: A Prospective Cohort Study. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1606160. [PMID: 37867563 PMCID: PMC10587427 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To prospectively investigate the association between Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) and over-commitment and the scores of the burnout dimensions over a 4 years follow-up period considering potential confounders. Methods: Data stemmed from CoLaus|PsyCoLaus, a population-based cohort study including 575 participants (mean age 55 years, 50% men). Participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, ERI and over-commitment questionnaires at baseline (T1) and after a 4 years follow-up (T2), and provided demographic, behavioral, psychiatric, personality and social support information through self-reported questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Serially adjusted linear regression models were used. Results: ERI and over-commitment were not associated longitudinally with any of the burnout dimensions when controlling for confounders. One standard deviation increases in the scores of exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy were associated with one standard deviation increase in the scores of the same burnout dimensions longitudinally, and these associations were independent of the effects of ERI and over-commitment. Conclusion: Future studies should re-examine the effect of ERI and over-commitment on workers' burnout, considering the effects of confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Shoman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Unisante, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Setareh Ranjbar
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Pierre Strippoli
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Irina Guseva Canu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Unisante, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Jiang X, Jiao R, Lu D, Li F, Yin H, Lin X. A Challenging Transition: Factors Influencing the Effort-Reward Imbalance and Coping Strategies of Beginning Teachers in China. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2709-2719. [PMID: 37485281 PMCID: PMC10362901 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s419822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The initial phase can be difficult for teachers: beginning teachers are more likely to experience effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and its harmful effects. To reduce this risk, this study analyzed the factors that impact ERI among beginning teachers in China and investigated the coping strategies they use. Methods The study used qualitative research methods to conduct semi-structured interviews with 20 beginning teachers. Each participant was interviewed for at least 40 minutes via an online platform. Results The qualitative results showed that ERI among beginning teachers is influenced by the interaction of internal and external factors. The typical factors identified were organizational justice, leadership style, work motivation, and personality type. Beginning teachers in the Chinese context demonstrated a proactive attitude towards challenging situations and chose moderate approaches to cope with ERI. The effectiveness of these strategies varied due to individual differences and contextual factors. Conclusion Overall, the findings emphasized the importance of addressing the challenges of beginning teachers to promote their well-being and improve the quality of education. Reducing the ERI of beginning teachers relies on a tripartite effort between society, schools and teachers themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Jiang
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runkai Jiao
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Lu
- Medical Humanities Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feifei Li
- College of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Yin
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Lin
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Jia X, Huang Y, Yu W, Ming WK, Qi F, Wu Y. A Moderated Mediation Model of the Relationship between Family Dynamics and Sleep Quality in College Students: The Role of Big Five Personality and Only-Child Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063576. [PMID: 35329263 PMCID: PMC8953608 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sleep quality among college students is affected by numerous factors. Previous studies have linked sleep quality to family dynamics as well as personality. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The aim of this study is to incorporate a moderated mediation model to explore the big five personality traits in mediating the relationship between family dynamics and sleep quality and whether this indirect relationship is modified by only-child status among Chinese undergraduate students. Survey data were collected from a cross-sectional study conducted in Shandong, China and 1022 undergraduate students aged 18–24 were recruited. The mediation and moderated mediation modeling analyses were carried out with the software SPSS PROCESS macro. After controlling for gender and grade, mediation analysis indicated that conscientiousness and agreeableness of the big five personality traits partially mediated the link between family dynamics and sleep quality (β = −0.0093, CI: −0.0178, −0.0018; β = −0.0047, CI: −0.0084, −0.0013), and moderation analysis found only-child status acted as a moderator in the relationship between family dynamics and the agreeableness of the big five personality traits (only child, β = −0.0129, CI: −0.0196, −0.0072; non-only-child, β = −0.0040, CI: −0.0078, −0.0002). Results showed that family dynamics positively predicted sleep quality both directly and indirectly via the conscientiousness and agreeableness of big five personality traits. Only-child status moderated the indirect association between family dynamics and agreeableness of big five personality traits. The current study advanced our understanding of the mechanism underlying the connection between family dynamics and sleep quality and helped to develop intervention measures to improve sleep quality of college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocen Jia
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.J.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yiqing Huang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.J.); (Y.H.)
| | - Wenli Yu
- School of Liberal Education, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China;
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Fei Qi
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China
- Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao 266033, China
- Correspondence: (F.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Health Culture Research Center of Shaanxi, Key Research Base of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 725106, China
- Correspondence: (F.Q.); (Y.W.)
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Fostervold KI, Watten RG. Put your feet up: The impact of personality traits, job pressure, and social support on the need for recovery after work. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-17. [PMID: 35309289 PMCID: PMC8918590 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The need for recovery after work (NFR) is an important warning of work-related fatigue. NFR is linked to prolonged work-related efforts and depletion of resources, creating a need for temporary respite from work demands. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationships between NFR and the five-factor model (FFM), comprising the personality traits of emotional stability (ES), extraversion (E), agreeableness (A), conscientiousness (C), and openness to experience (O). Perceived job pressure and perceived social support were included as mediators. The study was conducted using structural equation modelling (SEM) on cross-sectional data from a sample of 681 participants from several work sectors (N females = 376, N males = 305; M age = 46.9 years; SD = 11.1). The results showed that NFR was affected both directly and indirectly by FFM traits. High ES and high O contributed directly to reduced and increased NFR, respectively. High perceived social support contributed to reduced NFR, while high perceived job pressure contributed to increased NFR. High ES contributed indirectly to reduced NFR through perceived job pressure and social support, high O contributed indirectly to increased NFR through perceived social support, and high E contributed indirectly to increased NFR through perceived job pressure. A and C were not related to NFR. The findings demonstrate that personality traits, especially ES, are firmly related to NFR and highlight the importance of incorporating personality factors into studies of work environmental factors on NFR. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-02950-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knut Inge Fostervold
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1094, Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Reidulf G. Watten
- Department of Psychology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 400, Elverum, Norway
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Tolonen I, Saarinen A, Keltikangas-Järvinen L, Siira V, Kähönen M, Hintsanen M. Rewards of Compassion: Dispositional Compassion Predicts Lower Job Strain and Effort-Reward Imbalance Over a 11-Year Follow-Up. Front Psychol 2021; 12:730188. [PMID: 34650487 PMCID: PMC8505888 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.730188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispositional compassion has been shown to predict higher well-being and to be associated with lower perceived stress and higher social support. Thus, compassion may be a potential individual factor protecting from job strain. The current study examines (i) whether dispositional compassion predicts job strain and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) or does the predictive relationship run from job strain and ERI to dispositional compassion and (ii) the effect of dispositional compassion on the developmental trajectory of job strain and ERI over a 11-year follow-up. We used data from the Young Finns study (n=723) between 2001 and 2012. The direction of the predictive relationships was analyzed with cross-lagged panel models. Compassion’s effect on the trajectories of job strain, ERI, and their components was examined with multilevel models. First, the cross-lagged panel models demonstrated there was no evidence for the predictive pathways between compassion and job strain or its components. However, the predictive pathways from high dispositional compassion to low ERI and high rewards had better fit to the data than the predictive pathways in the opposite direction. In addition, multilevel models showed that high compassion predicted various job characteristics from early adulthood to middle age (lower job strain and higher job control as well as lower ERI and higher reward). Compassion did not predict job demand/effort. The findings were obtained independently of age, gender, and socioeconomic factors in childhood and adulthood. These findings indicate that compassion may be beneficial in work context. Further, compassion might be useful in the management or prevention of some aspects of strain. Our study provides new insight about the role of compassion in work life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iina Tolonen
- Unit of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aino Saarinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Virva Siira
- Unit of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mirka Hintsanen
- Unit of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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6
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Yeh SCJ, Chen SHS, Yuan KS, Chou W, Wan TTH. Emotional Labor in Health Care: The Moderating Roles of Personality and the Mediating Role of Sleep on Job Performance and Satisfaction. Front Psychol 2021; 11:574898. [PMID: 33391089 PMCID: PMC7773755 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.574898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of emotional labor on job performance and satisfaction, as well as to examine the mediating effect of sleep problems and the moderating effects of personality traits. A time-lagged study was conducted on 864 health professionals. Scales for emotional labor, sleep, personality traits, and job satisfaction were used and job performance data was obtained from records maintained by human resources. Structural equation modeling was performed to investigate the relations. Sleep problems only partially mediated the relationship between surface acting and job satisfaction but completely mediated the relationship between surface acting and job performance. Several personality traits were shown to moderate the relationship between surface acting and sleep problems. The effects were stronger for people with low agreeableness and high neuroticism. The relationship between high levels of deep acting and low levels of sleep problems was more pronounced in individuals with low extraversion. Supervisors should be conscious of emotional labor in the work context and provide necessary deep acting training to facilitate emotional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shih-Hua Sarah Chen
- Division of Social Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kuo-Shu Yuan
- School of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Willy Chou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chong Shan University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Thomas T H Wan
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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Job Stress in Young Adults is Associated With a Range of Poorer Health Behaviors in the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health (CDAH) Study. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 60:e117-e125. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Törnroos M, Elovainio M, Hintsa T, Hintsanen M, Pulkki‐Råback L, Jokela M, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari OT, Keltikangas‐Järvinen L. Personality traits and perceptions of organisational justice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 54:414-422. [DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Törnroos
- Department of Management and OrganizationHanken School of Economics Helsinki Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Marko Elovainio
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland
| | - Taina Hintsa
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Educational Sciences and Psychology, Philosophical FacultyJoensuu University of Eastern Finland Finland
| | - Mirka Hintsanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Unit of Psychology, Faculty of EducationUniversity of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Laura Pulkki‐Råback
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Markus Jokela
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab LaboratoriesUniversity of Tampere School of Medicine Tampere Finland
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Turku Turku Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear MedicineTurku University Hospital Turku Finland
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Chiorri C, Garbarino S, Bracco F, Magnavita N. Personality Traits Moderate the Effect of Workload Sources on Perceived Workload in Flying Column Police Officers. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1835. [PMID: 26640456 PMCID: PMC4661321 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has suggested that personality traits of the Five Factor Model play a role in worker's response to workload. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of personality traits of first responders with their perceived workload in real-life tasks. A flying column of 269 police officers completed a measure of subjective workload (NASA-Task Load Index) after intervention tasks in a major public event. Officers' scores on a measure of Five Factor Model personality traits were obtained from archival data. Linear Mixed Modeling was used to test the direct and interaction effects of personality traits on workload scores once controlling for background variables, task type and workload source (mental, temporal and physical demand of the task, perceived effort, dissatisfaction for the performance and frustration due to the task). All personality traits except extraversion significantly interacted at least with one workload source. Perceived workload in flying column police officers appears to be the result of their personality characteristics interacting with the workload source. The implications of these results for the development of support measures aimed at reducing the impact of workload in this category of workers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Chiorri
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of GenovaGenova, Italy
| | - Sergio Garbarino
- State Police Health Service Department, Ministry of the Interior, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of GenovaGenova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bracco
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of GenovaGenova, Italy
| | - Nicola Magnavita
- Department of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRome, Italy
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Oshio T, Tsutsumi A, Inoue A. Do time-invariant confounders explain away the association between job stress and workers' mental health? Evidence from Japanese occupational panel data. Soc Sci Med 2014; 126:138-44. [PMID: 25550077 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that job stress is negatively related to workers' mental health, but most recent studies have not controlled for unobserved time-invariant confounders. In the current study, we attempted to validate previous observations on the association between job stress and workers' mental health, by removing the effects of unobserved time-invariant confounders. We used data from three to four waves of an occupational Japanese cohort survey, focusing on 31,382 observations of 9741 individuals who participated in at least two consecutive waves. We estimated mean-centered fixed effects models to explain psychological distress in terms of the Kessler 6 (K6) scores (range: 0-24) by eight job stress indicators related to the job demands-control, effort-reward imbalance, and organizational injustice models. Mean-centered fixed effects models reduced the magnitude of the association between jobs stress and K6 scores to 44.8-54.2% of those observed from pooled ordinary least squares. However, the association remained highly significant even after controlling for unobserved time-invariant confounders for all job stress indicators. In addition, alternatively specified models showed the robustness of the results. In all, we concluded that the validity of major job stress models, which link job stress and workers' mental health, was robust, although unobserved time-invariant confounders led to an overestimation of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Oshio
- Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, 2-1 Naka, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8603, Japan.
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Akiomi Inoue
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
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Koh JS, Ko HJ, Wang SM, Cho KJ, Kim JC, Lee SJ, Pae CU, Serretti A. The association of personality trait on treatment outcomes in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: an exploratory study. J Psychosom Res 2014; 76:127-33. [PMID: 24439688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association of personality traits with the baseline clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). METHODS Subjects were evaluated at baseline and at week 12 following routine treatment for CP/CPPS using the Korean version of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) to measure the severity of CP/CPPS; the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to assess depression; the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) to evaluate somatization; and the Korean version of the EuroQol Questionnaire-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), specifically the EQ-5D utility index and the EQ-5D visual analog scale (EQ-5D VAS), to assess quality of life (QoL). Personality traits including extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness were determined at baseline using the 44-item Big Five Inventory (BFI). The influence of personality traits on the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with CP/CPPS was assessed using relevant statistical analyses. RESULTS Neuroticism was associated with a significantly poorer treatment response and higher levels of depression and somatization. Extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness had some influence on clinical characteristics but openness did not affect overall symptoms or the treatment response in patients with CP/CPPS. CONCLUSIONS We found that neuroticism may be the most important personality trait associated with treatment response and the severity of depression and somatization in patients with CP/CPPS. However, our exploratory findings should be confirmed by additional studies with adequate power and improved designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sung Koh
- Department of Urology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Eunpyeong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Joon Cho
- Department of Urology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Chul Kim
- Department of Urology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Un Pae
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Duram, NC, USA.
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Effort-reward imbalance at work is predicted by temporal and energetic characteristics of behavior: a population-based study. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2013; 26:413-22. [PMID: 23959687 DOI: 10.2478/s13382-013-0117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Personality dispositions may influence perceptions of work stress. The paper examines the relationship between temperament in terms of Strelau’s Regulative Theory of Temperament and the effort-reward imbalance and its components. MATERIAL AND METHODS There were 890 participants (360 men) aged 37.9 years on average. Temperament traits of briskness and perseveration (temporal characteristics of behavior), sensory sensitivity, emotional reactivity, endurance and activity (energetic characteristics of behavior) were measured by Strelau & Zawadzki’s Formal Characteristics of Behavior- Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI) in 1997 and 2001. Effort and reward at work were assessed with the original effort- reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire of 2007. RESULTS Higher ERI at work was predicted by higher emotional reactivity, higher perseveration, lower briskness, and lower endurance. Higher effort and lower rewards at work were predicted by higher perseveration and lower endurance. The FCB-TI temperament characteristics accounted for 5.2%, 4.8% and 6.5% of the variance in the ERI, effort and reward, respectively. Lower emotional reactivity, lower perseveration, higher brisk- ness and higher endurance predicted higher esteem at work, job promotion and job security. CONCLUSIONS Individual differences in arousability, reflected in temporal and energetic characteristics of behavior, may predispose to or to protect from an effort-reward imbalance at work. Individual differences should be acknowledged in work stress prevention and developing interventions.
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Corrigendum to “Personality traits of the Five-Factor Model are associated with effort-reward imbalance at work. J Occup Environ Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e3182988959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Garbarino S, Chiorri C, Magnavita N. Personality traits of the Five-Factor Model are associated with work-related stress in special force police officers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013; 87:295-306. [PMID: 23463443 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-013-0861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The police work is particularly stressful. The aim of this work was to clarify whether the personality factors are associated with perceived stress levels or reactivity to environmental stressors in a special body of police. METHODS The police officers in charge of guaranteeing public order at the L'Aquila G8 meeting were subjected to a control of their levels of work-related stress in anticipation of the event. Personality was assessed by the Italian version of the Five-Factor Model questionnaire, while stress was measured three times (during routine work in January 2009, preparation and imminence of the event, in April and July 2009, respectively) with the demand/control/support model of Karasek and the effort/reward imbalance model of Siegrist. A total of 289 of 294 officers took part in the survey. RESULTS Some personality traits of the Five-Factor Model were associated with stress levels and stress reactivity. Neuroticism (low emotional stability) showed the strongest associations with job strain (demand/control ratio) (β = 0.115, p < 0.05) and effort/reward imbalance (β = 0.270, p < 0.001) and was associated with most of the stress variables. High agreeableness was associated with low effort/reward imbalance (β = -0.157, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Personality factors may mitigate or increase the strain induced by environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Garbarino
- State Police Health Service Department, Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
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