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Han Z, Aizezi A, Ma L, Su Y, Fan L, Liu J. The association between human papillomavirus and lung cancer: A Mendelian randomization study. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024:105646. [PMID: 39059733 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the causal relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and lung cancer, we conducted a study using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR). METHOD Data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were analyzed with HPV E7 Type 16 and HPV E7 Type 18 as exposure factors. The outcome variables included lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell lung cancer. Causality was estimated using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger and weighted median methods. Heterogeneity testing, sensitivity analysis, and multiple validity analysis were also performed.. RESULTS The results showed that HPV E7 Type 16 infection was associated with a higher risk of squamous cell lung cancer (OR = 7.69; 95% CI:1.98-29.85; p = 0.0149). HPV E7 Type 18 infection significantly increased the risk of lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.38-1.31; p = 0.0079) and lung cancer (OR = 7.69; 95% CI:1.98-29.85; p = 0.0292). No significant causal relationship was found between HPV E7 Type 16 and lung adenocarcinoma, lung cancer, or small cell lung carcinoma, and between HPV E7 Type 18 and squamous cell lung cancer or small cell lung carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS This study has revealed a causal relationship between HPV and lung cancers. Our findings provide valuable insights for further mechanistic and clinical studies on HPV-mediated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Han
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830002, PR China.
| | - Ayixiamuguli Aizezi
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830002, PR China
| | - Lili Ma
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830002, PR China
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830002, PR China
| | - Lijuan Fan
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830002, PR China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830002, PR China
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Pavlov P, Galev I, Bojilova H, Stoyanov GS. Metachronous Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Uterine Cervix and Lung: True Metachrony or Metastasis. Cureus 2024; 16:e51922. [PMID: 38333446 PMCID: PMC10851099 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a big group of infection agents with oncogenic potential, especially regarding squamous epithelium. Some high-risk variants are key in the development of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) across multiple systems, the most affected of which is the female reproductive system, but also parts of the gastrointestinal tract, head, and neck SCC, and cutaneous and pulmonary (bronchogenic) SCCs. In cases where a patient develops two SCCs in different systems, often the main question is whether these tumors are synchronous, metachronous, or if one of the tumors is a metastasis from the other, with HPV testing and stereotype identification often being of aid in differentiating between these. Herein, we report the case of a female patient in her 50s, initially diagnosed with SCC of the uterine cervix. The patient remained stable for three calendar years after completing preoperative radiotherapy, surgical resection, and postoperative chemo-radiotherapy. At that point, she developed respiratory symptoms, and radiography suggested a pulmonary malignancy. After undergoing surgical resection of the pulmonary lesion, histological specimens were initially interpreted to be a metachronous pulmonary SCC. Immunohistochemical testing proved that both the cervical and pulmonary lesions were HPV-associated, with further testing proving that both lesions were associated with high-risk HPV (genotype 16). Based on the clinical history and aggregated data, the pulmonary lesion was interpreted as a metastatic and not a metachronous one, and the patient is currently undergoing treatment for metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Pavlov
- Clinical Pathology, Complex Oncology Center, Shumen, BGR
| | - Ivan Galev
- Clinical Pathology, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda University Hospital, Sofia, BGR
| | - Helia Bojilova
- Clinical Pathology, Complex Oncology Center, Shumen, BGR
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3
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Berezowska S, Maillard M, Keyter M, Bisig B. Pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma and lymphoepithelial carcinoma - morphology, molecular characteristics and differential diagnosis. Histopathology 2024; 84:32-49. [PMID: 37936498 DOI: 10.1111/his.15076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) comprises one of the major groups of non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung, and is subtyped into keratinising, non-keratinising and basaloid SCC. SCC can readily be diagnosed using histomorphology alone in keratinising SCC. Confirmatory immunohistochemical analyses should always be applied in non-keratinising and basaloid tumours to exclude differential diagnoses, most prominently adenocarcinoma and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma, which may have important therapeutic consequences. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) classification 2015, the diagnosis of SCC can be rendered in resections of morphologically ambiguous tumours with squamous immunophenotype. In biopsies and cytology preparations in the same setting the current guidelines propose a diagnosis of 'non-small-cell carcinoma, favour SCC' in TTF1-negative and p40-positive tumours to acknowledge a possible sampling bias and restrict extended immunohistochemical evaluation in order to preserve tissue for molecular testing. Most SCC feature a molecular 'tobacco-smoke signature' with enrichment in GG > TT mutations, in line with the strong epidemiological association of SCC with smoking. Targetable mutations are extremely rare but they do occur, in particular in younger and non- or light-smoking patients, warranting molecular investigations. Lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) is a poorly differentiated SCC with a syncytial growth pattern and a usually prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and frequent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) association. In this review, we describe the morphological and molecular characteristics of SCC and LEC and discuss the most pertinent differential diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Berezowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Maillard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Keyter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Bisig
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Florez N, Kiel L, Riano I, Patel S, DeCarli K, Dhawan N, Franco I, Odai-Afotey A, Meza K, Swami N, Patel J, Sequist LV. Lung Cancer in Women: The Past, Present, and Future. Clin Lung Cancer 2024; 25:1-8. [PMID: 37940410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death for women in multiple countries including the United States. Women are exposed to unique risk factors that remain largely understudied such as indoor pollution, second-hand tobacco exposure, biological differences, gender differences in tolerability and response to therapy in lung cancer, and societal gender roles, that create distinct survivorship needs. Women continue to lack representation in lung cancer clinical trials and are typically treated with data generated from majority male patient study populations, which may be inappropriate to extrapolate and generalize to females. Current lung cancer treatment and screening guidelines do not incorporate sex-specific differences and physicians also often do not account for gender differences when choosing treatments or discussing survivorship needs. To best provide targeted treatment approaches, greater representation of women in lung cancer clinical trials and further research is necessary. Clinicians should understand the unique factors and consequences associated with lung cancer in women; thus, a holistic approach that acknowledges environmental and societal factors is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjust Florez
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | | | - Ivy Riano
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Shruti Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Kathryn DeCarli
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Natasha Dhawan
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Ivy Franco
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Kelly Meza
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Nishwant Swami
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Lecia V Sequist
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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5
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Li X, Ling Y, Hu L, Zhang L, Lin S, Zhang X, Zang S. Detection of Human Papillomavirus DNA, E6/E7 Messenger RNA, and p16INK4a in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:1137-1145. [PMID: 37506267 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiologic link between human papillomavirus (HPV) and lung cancer is still controversial. METHODS PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to December 2020 to identify studies on the infection of HPV in lung cancer. We calculated the attributable proportion of HPV in lung cancer by pooling the infection of cases positive for both HPV DNA and biomarkers of carcinogenesis that may be induced by HPV (E6/E7 messenger RNA or p16INK4a). RESULTS A total of 117 studies, comprising data of 12 616 lung cancer cases from 22 countries across 5 continents, were included. The overall HPV DNA positivity in primary lung cancer cases worldwide was 16.4% (95% confidence interval, 12.7%-20.5%). HPV DNA positivity of lung cancer varied significantly by pathological type and geographic region. Notably, the expression rate of p16INK4a is significantly higher than the positivity of HPV DNA and of HPV E6/E7 mRNA (P < .05). The estimate of HPV attributable proportion defined by expression of E6/E7 mRNA was 0 and of p16INK4a was 7.3%. CONCLUSIONS The data in this systematic review is robust enough to contradict the possible participation of HPV in lung cancer carcinogenesis. Prophylactic vaccines targeting HPV cannot have the potential to prevent lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yihong Ling
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Lina Hu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Suxia Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xuanye Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengbing Zang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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6
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Douguet L, Fert I, Lopez J, Vesin B, Le Chevalier F, Moncoq F, Authié P, Nguyen T, Noirat A, Névo F, Blanc C, Bourgine M, Hardy D, Anna F, Majlessi L, Charneau P. Full eradication of pre-clinical human papilloma virus-induced tumors by a lentiviral vaccine. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17723. [PMID: 37675835 PMCID: PMC10565635 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the cause of all cervical and numerous oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers. The currently available HPV vaccines, which induce neutralizing antibodies, have no therapeutic effect on established tumors. Here, we developed an immuno-oncotherapy against HPV-induced tumors based on a non-integrative lentiviral vector encoding detoxified forms of the Early E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV16 and 18 genotypes, namely, "Lenti-HPV-07". A single intramuscular injection of Lenti-HPV-07 into mice bearing established HPV-induced tumors resulted in complete tumor eradication in 100% of the animals and was also effective against lung metastases. This effect correlated with CD8+ T-cell induction and profound remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. In the intra-tumoral infiltrates of vaccinated mice, the presence of large amounts of activated effector, resident memory, and transcription factor T cell factor-1 (TCF-1)+ "stem-like" CD8+ T cells was associated with full tumor eradication. The Lenti-HPV-07-induced immunity was long-lasting and prevented tumor growth after a late re-challenge, mimicking tumor relapse. Lenti-HPV-07 therapy synergizes with an anti-checkpoint inhibitory treatment and therefore shows promise as an immuno-oncotherapy against established HPV-mediated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Douguet
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Ingrid Fert
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Jodie Lopez
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Benjamin Vesin
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fabien Le Chevalier
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fanny Moncoq
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Pierre Authié
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Trang‐My Nguyen
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Amandine Noirat
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fabien Névo
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Catherine Blanc
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Maryline Bourgine
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - David Hardy
- Histopathology Platform, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - François Anna
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Laleh Majlessi
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Pierre Charneau
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
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7
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Kataoka Y, Fujita T, Fukunaga K, Hanaoka J. A case of primary lung cancer requiring differentiation from metastatic cervical cancer. Respirol Case Rep 2023; 11:e01196. [PMID: 37534047 PMCID: PMC10390465 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
p16 has been used as a surrogate marker for human papillomavirus (HPV)-related tumours. However, it remains unclear whether p16 is also a potential marker for pulmonary tumours. Herein, we report the case of an 80-year-old woman with a history of papillary squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, presenting with a left pulmonary tumour. A bronchoscopic biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma with a papillary pattern, which did not rule out pulmonary metastasis from the cervix. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the cervical tumour was positive for p16, whereas the pulmonary tumour was negative and was effectively diagnosed as primary pulmonary carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Kataoka
- Department of SurgeryShiga University of Medical ScienceOtsuJapan
- Department of General Thoracic SurgeryKohka Public HospitalKohkaJapan
| | - Takuya Fujita
- Department of General Thoracic SurgeryKohka Public HospitalKohkaJapan
| | - Kentaro Fukunaga
- Department of Respiratory MedicineKohka Public HospitalKohkaJapan
| | - Jun Hanaoka
- Department of SurgeryShiga University of Medical ScienceOtsuJapan
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8
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Glaß M, Hüttelmaier S. IGF2BP1-An Oncofetal RNA-Binding Protein Fuels Tumor Virus Propagation. Viruses 2023; 15:1431. [PMID: 37515119 PMCID: PMC10385356 DOI: 10.3390/v15071431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncofetal RNA-binding protein IGF2BP1 has been reported to be a driver of tumor progression in a multitude of cancer entities. Its main function is the stabilization of target transcripts by shielding these from miRNA-mediated degradation. However, there is growing evidence that several virus species recruit IGF2BP1 to promote their propagation. In particular, tumor-promoting viruses, such as hepatitis B/C and human papillomaviruses, benefit from IGF2BP1. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that non-oncogenic viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, also take advantage of IGF2BP1. The only virus inhibited by IGF2BP1 reported to date is HIV-1. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the interactions between IGF2BP1 and different virus species. It further recapitulates several findings by presenting analyses from publicly available high-throughput datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Glaß
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle, Germany
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9
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Harabajsa S, Šefčić H, Klasić M, Milavić M, Židovec Lepej S, Grgić I, Zajc Petranović M, Jakopović M, Smojver-Ježek S, Korać P. Infection with human cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and high-risk types 16 and 18 of human papillomavirus in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Croat Med J 2023; 64:84-92. [PMID: 37131310 PMCID: PMC10183960 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2023.64.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the frequency of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV16 and HPV18) infections in lung adenocarcinoma samples. METHODS Lung adenocarcinoma cytological smears and their DNA isolates were obtained from patients hospitalized at the Department for Lung Diseases Jordanovac, Zagreb, in 2016 and 2017. Overall, 67 lung adenocarcinoma samples were examined: 34 with epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutations and 33 without EGFR mutations. The EGFR mutation status and virus presence were assessed with a polymerase chain reaction, and random samples were additionally tested for EBV with Sanger sequencing. HCMV, EBV, HPV16, and HPV18 infections were evaluated in relation to EGFR mutation, smoking status, and sex. A meta-analysis of available data about HPV infection in non-small cell lung cancer was performed. RESULTS More frequent HCMV, EBV, HPV16, and HPV18 infections were observed in lung adenocarcinoma samples with EGFR mutations than in samples without these mutations. Coinfection of the investigated viruses was observed only in lung adenocarcinoma samples with mutated EGFR. In the group with EGFR mutations, smoking was significantly associated with HPV16 infection. The meta-analysis showed that non-small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations had a higher odds of HPV infection. CONCLUSION HCMV, EBV, and high-risk HPV infections are more frequent in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinomas, which indicates a possible viral impact on the etiology of this lung cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Petra Korać
- Petra Korać, Department of Biology, Division of Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
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10
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Sirera G, Videla S, Saludes V, Castellà E, Sanz C, Ariza A, Clotet B, Martró E. Prevalence of HPV-DNA and E6 mRNA in lung cancer of HIV-infected patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13196. [PMID: 35915124 PMCID: PMC9343353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-infected individuals could be at a greater risk for developing lung cancer than the general population due to the higher prevalence in the former of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the oral cavity and higher smoking rates. Our aim was to assess HPV prevalence and E6 viral oncogene transcription in lung cancer samples from HIV-infected individuals. This was a single-center, retrospective study of a cohort of HIV-1-infected patients diagnosed with and treated for lung cancer. Pathological lung samples archived as smears or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks were subjected to HPV genotyping, detection of human p16 protein and assessment for HPV E6 mRNA expression. Lung cancer samples from 41 patients were studied, including squamous cell carcinoma (32%), adenocarcinoma (34%), non-small cell cancer (27%), and small cell cancer (7%). HPV DNA was detected in 23 out of 41 (56%, 95% CI 41–70%) of samples and high-risk (HR)-HPV types were detected in 16 out of 41 (39%, 95% CI 26–54%), HPV-16 being the most prevalent [13/16 (81.3%, 95% CI 57.0–93%]. In samples with sufficient material left: expression of p16 was detected in 3 out of 10 (30%) of HR-HPV DNA-positive tumors and in 3 out of 7 (43%) of the negative ones; and E6 mRNA was detected in 2 out of 10 (20%) of HPV-16-positive samples (squamous lung cancers). These two patients had a background of a previous HPV-related neoplasia and smoking. HR-HPV DNA detection was prevalent in lung cancers in HIV-infected patients. However, viral oncogene expression was limited to patients with previous HPV-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Sirera
- Fight AIDS Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Department, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Sebastián Videla
- Fight AIDS Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain.,Clinical Research Support Unit (HUB-IDIBELL: Bellvitge University Hospital & Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Clinical Pharmacology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Saludes
- Microbiology Department, Laboratori Clinic Metropolitana Nord, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Castellà
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carolina Sanz
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Ariza
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Fight AIDS Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain.,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Elisa Martró
- Microbiology Department, Laboratori Clinic Metropolitana Nord, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain. .,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Lin YY, Wang YC, Yeh DW, Hung CY, Yeh YC, Ho HL, Mon HC, Chen MY, Wu YC, Chou TY. Gene Expression Profile in Primary Tumor Is Associated with Brain-Tropism of Metastasis from Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413374. [PMID: 34948172 PMCID: PMC8703941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma has a strong propensity to metastasize to the brain. The brain metastases are difficult to treat and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Identifying patients with increased risk of developing brain metastasis can assist medical decision-making, facilitating a closer surveillance or justifying a preventive treatment. We analyzed 27 lung adenocarcinoma patients who received a primary lung tumor resection and developed metastases within 5 years after the surgery. Among these patients, 16 developed brain metastases and 11 developed non-brain metastases only. We performed targeted DNA sequencing, RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry to characterize the difference between the primary tumors. We also compared our findings to the published data of brain-tropic and non-brain-tropic lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. The results demonstrated that the targeted tumor DNA sequencing did not reveal a significant difference between the groups, but the RNA sequencing identified 390 differentially expressed genes. A gene expression signature including CDKN2A could identify 100% of brain-metastasizing tumors with a 91% specificity. However, when compared to the differentially expressed genes between brain-tropic and non-brain-tropic lung cancer cell lines, a different set of genes was shared between the patient data and the cell line data, which include many genes implicated in the cancer-glia/neuron interaction. Our findings indicate that it is possible to identify lung adenocarcinoma patients at the highest risk for brain metastasis by analyzing the primary tumor. Further investigation is required to elucidate the mechanism behind these associations and to identify potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yu Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.Y.); (H.-L.H.); (H.-C.M.)
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (D.-W.Y.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Da-Wei Yeh
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (D.-W.Y.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chen-Yu Hung
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (D.-W.Y.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Yi-Chen Yeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.Y.); (H.-L.H.); (H.-C.M.)
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (D.-W.Y.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Hsiang-Ling Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.Y.); (H.-L.H.); (H.-C.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chen Mon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.Y.); (H.-L.H.); (H.-C.M.)
| | - Mei-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chung Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
| | - Teh-Ying Chou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan; (Y.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.Y.); (H.-L.H.); (H.-C.M.)
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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12
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Karnosky J, Dietmaier W, Knuettel H, Freigang V, Koch M, Koll F, Zeman F, Schulz C. HPV and lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 4:e1350. [PMID: 33624444 PMCID: PMC8388180 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer has emerged as a global public health problem and is the most common cause of cancer deaths by absolute cases globally. Besides tobacco, smoke infectious diseases such as human papillomavirus (HPV) might be involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. However, data are inconsistent due to differences in study design and HPV detection methods. AIM A systematic meta-analysis was performed to examine the presence of HPV-infection with lung cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS All studies in all languages were considered for the search concepts "lung cancer" and "HPV" if data specific to HPV prevalence in lung cancer tissue were given. This included Journal articles as well as abstracts and conference reports. As detection method, only HPV PCR results from fresh frozen and paraffin-embedded tissue were included. Five bibliographic databases and three registers of clinical trials including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through February 2020. A total 4298 publications were identified, and 78 publications were selected, resulting in 9385 included lung cancer patients. A meta-analysis of 15 case-control studies with n = 2504 patients showed a weighted overall prevalence difference of 22% (95% CI: 12%-33%; P < .001) and a weighted overall 4.7-fold (95% CI: 2.7-8.4; P < .001) increase of HPV prevalence in lung cancer patients compared to controls. Overall, HPV prevalence amounted to 13.5% being highest in Asia (16.6%), followed by America (12.8%), and Europe (7.0%). A higher HPV prevalence was found in squamous cell carcinoma (17.9%) compared to adenocarcinoma (P < .01) with significant differences in geographic patterns. HPV genotypes 16 and 18 were the most prevalent high-risk genotypes identified. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our review provides convincing evidence that HPV infection increases the risk of developing lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Karnosky
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Bereich PneumologieKlinikum der Universität RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | | | - Helge Knuettel
- UniversitätsbibliothekUniversität RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Viola Freigang
- Klinik und Poliklinik für UnfallchirurgieKlinikum der Universität RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Myriam Koch
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Bereich PneumologieKlinikum der Universität RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Franziska Koll
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Bereich PneumologieKlinikum der Universität RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Florian Zeman
- Zentrum für Klinische StudienKlinikum der Universität RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Bereich PneumologieKlinikum der Universität RegensburgRegensburgGermany
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Szturz P, Nevens D, Vermorken JB. Oligometastatic Disease Management: Finding the Sweet Spot. Front Oncol 2020; 10:617793. [PMID: 33415080 PMCID: PMC7783387 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.617793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematogenous dissemination represents a common manifestation of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and the recommended therapeutic options usually consist of systemically administered drugs with palliative intent. However, mounting evidence suggests that patients with few and slowly progressive distant lesions of small size may benefit from various local ablation techniques, which have already been established as standard-of-care modalities for example in colorectal and renal cell carcinomas and in sarcomas. In principle, serving as radical approaches to eradicate cancer, these interventions can be curative. Their impact on local control and overall survival has been shown in numerous retrospective and prospective studies. The term oligometastatic refers to the number of distant lesions which should generally not surpass five in total, ideally in one organ. Currently, surgical resection remains the method of choice supported by the majority of published data. More recently, stereotactic (ablative) body radiotherapy (SABR/SBRT) has emerged as a viable alternative. In cases technically amenable to such local interventions, several other clinical variables need to be taken into account also, including patient-related factors (general health status, patient preferences, socioeconomic background) and disease-related factors (primary tumor site, growth kinetics, synchronous or metachronous metastases). In head and neck cancer, patients presenting with late development of slowly progressive oligometastatic lesions in the lungs secondary to human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer are the ideal candidates for metastasectomy or other local therapies. However, literature data are still limited to say whether there are other subgroups benefiting from this approach. One of the plausible explanations is that radiological follow-up after primary curative therapy is usually not recommended because its impact on survival has not been unequivocal, which is also due to the rarity of oligometastatic manifestations in this disease. At the same time, aggressive treatment of synchronous metastases early in the disease course should be weighed against the risk of futile interventions in a disease with already multimetastatic microscopic dissemination. Therefore, attentive treatment sequencing, meticulous appraisal of cancer extension, refinement of post-treatment surveillance, and understanding of tumor biology and kinetics are crucial in the management of oligometastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Szturz
- Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daan Nevens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IridiumNetwork, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan B. Vermorken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Medical Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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Hussen BM, Ahmadi G, Marzban H, Fard Azar ME, Sorayyayi S, Karampour R, Nahand JS, Hidayat HJ, Moghoofei M. The role of HPV gene expression and selected cellular MiRNAs in lung cancer development. Microb Pathog 2020; 150:104692. [PMID: 33301856 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high mortality rate of lung cancer can be justified that strong need to explore new aspect of tumor biology. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been detected as risk factor for the development of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the role of HPV and cellular/miRNAs genes expression in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and development of lung cancer. METHODS In this case-control study, 109 lung cancer tissue and 52 controls were included. We analyzed the presence of HPV infection, its genotypes (in positive samples) and the expression of viral genes (E2, E6 and E7). Also, We examined the expression of celluar factors including (a) p53 and retinoblastoma (Rb) (as anti-carcinogenic genes), (b) EMT related genes, (c) selected miRNAs. RESULTS Our results reported 51.4% and 23.1% of HPV genome in tumor tissues and control tissues samples, respectively. There was a significant association between the HPV positive status and lung cancer (OR = 3.26, 95% C.I = 1.47-7.02, P = 0.001). HPV type 16 was the most prevalent genotype in tissues. The expression of p53, RB, TIMP1, CCNG-1, E-cad and PTPN13 were decreased while MMP-2 and N-cad were increased in HPV-positive tumor/control tissues compared to HPV-negative tissues. Also, among miRNAs, let-7, miR-23, miR-34, miR-125, miR-146 were downregulated and miR-20, miR-424 were upregulated in HPV-positve tissues compared to HPV-negative tissues. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that HPV infection and interaction with cellular genes and miRNAs promote EMT which involved in the lung cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Gelavizh Ahmadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Havva Marzban
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Saba Sorayyayi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Romina Karampour
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Hu Y, Ren S, He Y, Wang L, Chen C, Tang J, Liu W, Yu F. Possible Oncogenic Viruses Associated with Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10651-10666. [PMID: 33116642 PMCID: PMC7585805 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s263976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Tobacco smoking is the most predominant etiology for lung cancer. However, only a small percentage of heavy smokers develop lung cancer, which suggests that other cofactors are required for lung carcinogenesis. Viruses have been central to modern cancer research and provide profound insights into cancer causes. Nevertheless, the role of virus in lung cancer is still unclear. In this article, we reviewed the possible oncogenic viruses associated with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Siying Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqun Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenliang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
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The association between HPV gene expression, inflammatory agents and cellular genes involved in EMT in lung cancer tissue. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:916. [PMID: 32972386 PMCID: PMC7517685 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several studies have suggested that Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an important risk factor in the development of lung cancer. In this study, we aim to address the role of HPV in the development of lung cancer mechanistically by examining the induction of inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by this virus. METHODS In this case-control study, tissue samples were collected from 102 cases with lung cancer and 48 controls. We examined the presence of HPV DNA and also the viral genotype in positive samples. We also examined the expression of viral genes (E2, E6 and E7), anti-carcinogenic genes (p53, retinoblastoma (RB)), and inflammatory cytokines in HPV positive cases. RESULTS HPV DNA was detected in 52.9% (54/102) of the case samples and in 25% (12/48) of controls. A significant association was observed between a HPV positive status and lung cancer (OR = 3.37, 95% C.I = 1.58-7.22, P = 0.001). The most prevalent virus genotype in the patients was type 16 (38.8%). The expression of p53 and RB were decreased while and inflammatory cytokines were increased in HPV-positive lung cancer and HPV-positive control tissues compared to HPV-negative lung cancer and HPV-negative control tissues. Also, the expression level of E-cad and PTPN-13 genes were decreased in HPV- positive samples while the expression level of SLUG, TWIST and N-cad was increased in HPV-positive samples compared to negative samples. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that HPV infection drives the induction of inflammation and EMT which may promote in the development of lung cancer.
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Lin S, Zhang X, Li X, Qin C, Zhang L, Lu J, Chen Q, Jin J, Wang T, Wang F, Zang S. Detection of human papillomavirus distinguishes second primary tumors from lung metastases in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:2297-2305. [PMID: 32618129 PMCID: PMC7396378 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (SCCC), a squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) in the lung represents either a second primary tumor or metastasis. This distinction between second primary tumors and lung metastases in patients with SCCC significantly influences patient prognosis and therapy. Here, we aimed to differentiate second primary tumors from lung metastases in patients with SCCC by exploring the HPV status in SqCCs involving the lung within a large cohort. Methods P16 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays including a total of 415 primary lung SqCCs and 21 lung SqCCs with prior SCCC. Following this, we performed HPV DNA typing and the sensitive RNAscope in situ method to screen all the cases for HPV E6/E7 expression, which is a more reliable indicator of transcriptively active HPV in tumor cells. Results The p16 positive expression rate was 13.7% (57/415) in primary lung SqCCs, but HPV DNA was not detected in any of the 57 primary lung SqCC cases that positively expressed p16. In contrast, HPV DNA was detected in all cases (21/21) with prior SCCC. Consistently, all 21 lung SqCCs with prior SCCC (21/21) showed extensive HPV16 E6/E7 expression. In striking contrast, none of the primary lung SqCCs (0/415) had a detectable RNAscope signal. Conclusions HPV does not seem to play a role in the development of primary lung SqCCs. HPV detection may be helpful in distinguishing second primary tumors from lung metastases in patients with SCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxia Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer InstituteGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Changfei Qin
- Department of PathologyThe Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Lihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiabin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Qunxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Jietian Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Taoli Wang
- Department of PathologyZhuzhou Central HospitalZhuzhouChina
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of Molecular DiagnosticsSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Shengbing Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
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18
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An HJ, Koh HM, Song DH. New P16 Expression Criteria Predict Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. In Vivo 2020; 33:1885-1892. [PMID: 31662516 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been many attempts to predict the prognosis of lung cancer based on the expression patterns of P16 protein, but with limited success. The Eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) for head and neck cancer recently developed new criteria for evaluating P16 expression. Here, we applied these new criteria to evaluate the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 148 patients who had undergone surgery for NSCLC were enrolled in the study. P16 protein expression patterns from NSCLC tissue microarray samples were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. The Eighth AJCC head and neck cancer staging criteria were used to evaluate positive P16 expression (moderate/strong nuclear expression intensity and distribution >75% cells) in NSCLC. The relationship between P16 expression and clinicopathological factors were evaluated and survival analysis was included. RESULTS Negative P16 expression was significantly associated with NSCLC with lymph node metastasis (p=0.025). In addition, patients with NSCLC with negative P16 expression demonstrated poor disease-free and disease-specific survival in multivariate analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve confirmed that negative P16 expression was significantly correlated with a poor disease-free survival (p=0.017) and disease-specific survival (p=0.016). CONCLUSION P16 expression defined with the new AJCC criteria is useful for detecting lymph node metastasis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung An
- Department of Pathology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Koh
- Department of Pathology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Song
- Department of Pathology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea .,Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Vashisht S, Mishra H, Mishra PK, Ekielski A, Talegaonkar S. Structure, Genome, Infection Cycle and Clinical Manifestations Associated with Human Papillomavirus. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 20:1260-1280. [PMID: 31376818 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190802115722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A small, non-enveloped, obligatory parasite, Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to be the cause of a range of malignancies. These entail benign infections like genital warts as well as malignant, life-threatening conditions such as cervical cancer. Since a very high mortality rate is associated with HPV caused cancers (cervical cancer is a 2nd leading cause of death caused due to cancer among women globally), there is an escalating need to understand and search for ways to combat such medical conditions. Under the same light, the given article provides an insight into the world of this versatile pathogen. Distinct aspects related to HPV have been discussed here. Emphasis has been laid upon the composition, function and assembly of capsid proteins (structural studies) and various genetic elements and their gene products (genomic studies). The essence of the mechanism behind the development of persistent infection and modes responsible for the transmission of the infectious particles has been briefly covered. Finally, the review outlines various infections and diseases caused by HPV with a major focus on their clinical and histological manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Vashisht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Harshita Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan K Mishra
- Department of Wood Processing, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Ekielski
- Department of Production Management and Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, India.,School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Szturz P, Vermorken JB. Management of recurrent and metastatic oral cavity cancer: Raising the bar a step higher. Oral Oncol 2019; 101:104492. [PMID: 31837576 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M-SCCHN), the armamentarium of systemic anti-cancer modalities continues to grow in parallel with innovations in and better integration of local approaches. The backbone of cytotoxic chemotherapy remains cisplatin with 5-fluorouracil or a taxane. In contrast to cisplatin, the tumoricidal activity of carboplatin monotherapy is debatable. Adding the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor cetuximab to a platinum/5-fluorouracil doublet (the so-called EXTREME regimen) produced a statistically but also clinically significant improvement of survival and became thus the standard first-line palliative treatment in adequately fit patients. Interestingly, three large randomized trials (EXTREME, SPECTRUM, and ZALUTE) evaluating different anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab, panitumumab, and zalutumumab, respectively) demonstrated preferential anti-tumour efficacy in patients with primary cancer in the oral cavity. Modern immunotherapy with immunomodulating antibodies, dubbed immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1) inhibitors nivolumab and pembrolizumab, showed unprecedented activity in one first-line (KEYNOTE-048) and several second-line trials (CheckMate-141, KEYNOTE-012, KEYNOTE-055, and KEYNOTE-040). In a minority of also heavily-pretreated patients, these agents generate long-lasting responses without the typical chemotherapy-related toxicity, however, at a price of a low overall response rate, rare but potentially life-threatening immune-related adverse events, the risk of hyperprogression, and high costs. In oligometastatic disease, emerging data indicate long-term benefit with locally ablative techniques including metastasectomy and stereotactic radiotherapy of pulmonary but also hepatic and other distant lesions. In the frame of highly-individualized cancer care, a particularly intriguing approach is a combination of systemic and local therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Szturz
- Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan B Vermorken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Medical Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kastner
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rydhwana Hossain
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
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Human papillomavirus is not associated to non-small cell lung cancer: data from a prospective cross-sectional study. Infect Agent Cancer 2019; 14:18. [PMID: 31388352 PMCID: PMC6679449 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-019-0235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of lung cancer is triggered by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, being the tobacco smoke the most important risk factor. Nevertheless, the incidence of lung cancer in non-smokers is gradually increasing, which demands the search for different other etiological factors such as occupational exposure, previous lung disease, diet among others. In the early 80’s a theory linked specific types of human papillomavirus (HPV) to lung cancer due to morphological similarities of a subset of bronchial squamous cell carcinomas with other HPV-induced cancers. Since then, several studies revealed variable rates of HPV DNA detection. The current study aimed to provide accurate information on the prevalence of HPV DNA in lung cancer. Methods Biopsies were collected from 77 newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated at the Thoracic Oncology Department at Barretos Cancer Hospital. The samples were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE), histologic analysis was performed by an experienced pathologist. DNA was extracted from FFPE material using a commercial extraction kit and HPV DNA detection was evaluated by multiplex PCR and HPV16 specific real-time PCR. Results HPV was not identified in any of the samples analysed (69). Conclusions Our data demonstrated a lack of HPV DNA in a series of NSCL cancers.
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Human papillomavirus and lung cancer: an overview and a meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1919-1937. [PMID: 31236668 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02960-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review is devoted to assessing the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in lung cancer (LC) in the world. HPV is recognized as the etiological factor of cervical cancer, however, there is widespread evidence that this virus is detected not only in gynecological carcinomas, but also in tumors of other organs, in particular the upper respiratory tract and digestive tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search was conducted to a depth of 29 years in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, databases. The review includes 95 articles. RESULTS Of all the analyzed studies (9195 patients), 12 works showed a complete absence of HPV in the biological material in patients with LC. The absence of a virus among lung cancer patients has been established for Canada, the Netherlands and Singapore. The highest average percent of occurrence of this virus is shown for such countries as: Brazil, Korea, Greece and Taiwan (more than 40%). But the highest percentage of HPV occurrence by region is observed in Latin America (33.5%), followed by the Asian countries (31%), in European countries the frequency is 18%. Interestingly, the highest occurrence of high oncogenic types (16 and 18) is observed in Asia (40.3%), then in Latin America (33.6%), Europe (25.6%) and North America (15.4%). Low-oncogenic types (6 and 11) are also predominantly observed in Asia (39.9%), while in Europe and North America 30% and 12.8%, respectively. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of HPV was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0. Program, which included 26 studies, the results of which revealed: the prevalence of HPV infection in tumor lung tissue was compared with normal lung tissue OR (95% CI) = 5.38 (3.21-9.00) p < 0.0001, significance was also found for Chinese studies OR = 6.3, 95% CI 3.42-11.53, p < 0.0001, I2 = 71.8% and for nine studies in Europe OR = 6.3, 95% CI 1.8-22.18, p = 0.004, I2 = 51.0%. However, given the fact that the frequency of occurrence of HPV in lung tumor tissue varies greatly, a question may arise about the real role of HPV in LC carcinogenesis, which makes further research relevant and promising.
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Jaworek H, Koudelakova V, Slavkovsky R, Drabek J, Hajduch M. The absence of high-risk human papillomavirus in Czech non-small cell lung cancer cases. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2019; 164:71-76. [PMID: 30631209 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of our study was to examine the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in Czech patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS A highly sensitive quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detecting the E6 gene of HPV16, 18, 31, and 56 was designed. The limit of detection was assessed using serial dilutions of HPV-positive plasmids. The qPCR was validated on a set of 402 cervical swabs where the qPCR, Cobas, and PapilloCheck methods were tested in parallel. Finally, qPCR was used for HPV detection in a set of 80 patients with primary NSCLC, both from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and fresh frozen (FF) tissue samples. RESULTS The qPCR method was able to reliably detect at least 4 copies of the E6 gene per reaction in HPV16, 18, and 31, and 40 copies per reaction in HPV56. The sensitivity and specificity of the qPCR were 75.6-99.3% and 63.9-100% respectively, depending on the HPV genotype and reference method used. HPV DNA was not detected in the FFPE and FF samples from the set of 80 NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION No hrHPV DNA was found in primary NSCLC tumors from a Czech population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Jaworek
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimira Koudelakova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rastislav Slavkovsky
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Drabek
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Crippen MM, Brady JS, Burke LA, Eloy JA, Baredes S, Park RCW. Second primary lung malignancy following head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2018; 129:903-909. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.27422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M. Crippen
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryRutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey
| | - Jacob S. Brady
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryRutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey
| | - Lindsay A. Burke
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryRutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey
| | - Jean Anderson Eloy
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryRutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary SurgeryNeurological Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey
- Department of Neurological SurgeryRutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey U.S.A
| | - Soly Baredes
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryRutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary SurgeryNeurological Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey
| | - Richard Chan Woo Park
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryRutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey
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Lee JE, Lee YM, Seong IO, Kang MW, Lee CS, Kim KH. No Detection of Episomal or Integrated High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinomas among Korean Population. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016; 7:356-359. [PMID: 28053840 PMCID: PMC5194223 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is known to be a representative cancer-causing agent in the genital and head and neck regions. Many studies have detected hrHPV DNA in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. However, hrHPV–etiologic correlation in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma remains unclear. This study is designed to determine the prevalence of episomal or integrated hrHPV DNA in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma among the Korean population. Methods Surgically resected nonsmall cell lung carcinoma tissues, including 134 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) and 99 cases of adenocarcinoma (ADC), were examined. In situ hybridization (ISH) for detecting episomal or integrated hrHPV DNA was performed using the INFORM HPV III Family 16 Probe (B) in the Ventana-validated assay. Anyplex II HPV28 detection kit based on real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for HPV DNA detection and genotyping. Results All members of the study population were of Korean ethnicity. Episomal or integrated hrHPV DNA ISH analysis result was negative in all 233 cases. One SqCC of 89 samples (42 SqCCs and 47 ADCs) was positive for an hrHPV genotype by Anyplex II HPV28 detection kit. Conclusion Our finding did not demonstrate hrHPV–etiologic correlation in primary lung SqCC and ADC in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Eun Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In-Ock Seong
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min-Woong Kang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Choong Sik Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Laing GM, Chapman AD, Smart LM, Kerr KM. Histological diagnosis: recent developments. Lung Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10009714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chang SY, Keeney M, Law M, Donovan J, Aubry MC, Garcia J. Detection of human papillomavirus in non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:1592-7. [PMID: 26342243 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is an etiologic agent in squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) arising in the oropharynx and cervix, and a proven prognostic factor in oropharyngeal SqCC. Many studies have found HPV in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Recent studies advocate the detection of messenger RNA transcripts of E6/E7 as more reliable evidence of transcriptively active HPV in tumor cells. The clinical significance of finding HPV remains unclear in NSCLC. This study sought to determine the prevalence of biologically active HPV infection in NSCLC comparing different methodologies. Surgical pathology material from resected primary lung adenocarcinoma (ADC; n=100) and SqCC (n=96) were retrieved to construct tissue microarrays. In situ hybridization (ISH) for hrHPV DNA (DNA-ISH), hrHPV E6/E7 RNA (RNA-ISH), and p16 immunohistochemistry were performed. Cases of oropharyngeal SqCC with known HPV infection were used as positive controls. Expression of p16 was scored as positive if at least 70% of tumor cells showed diffuse and strong nuclear and cytoplasmic staining. Punctate nuclear hybridization signals by DNA-ISH in the malignant cells defined an HPV-positive carcinoma. Of the 196 patients (range, 33-87 years; 108 men), p16 was positive in 19 ADCs and 9 SqCCs, but HPV DNA-ISH and RNA-ISH were negative in all cases. Our study did not detect HPV infection by DNA-ISH or RNA-ISH in any cases of primary NSCLC despite positive p16 expression in a portion of ADC and SqCC. p16 should therefore not be used as a surrogate marker for HPV infection in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing Yun Chang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada M4N 3M5.
| | - Michael Keeney
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Mark Law
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Janis Donovan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | | | - Joaquin Garcia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
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Kim J, Lee S, Park HS. Metastatic endobronchial adenocarcinoma from the uterine cervix verified by human papillomavirus genotyping. J Pathol Transl Med 2015; 49:174-6. [PMID: 25812741 PMCID: PMC4367117 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2015.02.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jisup Kim
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungsoo Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heae Surng Park
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Vincent MD. Promising targets and current clinical trials in metastatic squamous cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2014; 4:320. [PMID: 25538887 PMCID: PMC4260675 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cancer of the lung (SQCC), although no longer the premier variant of non-small cell lung cancer, continues to impose a heavy world-wide burden. Advanced SQCC has enjoyed little of the recent progress benefiting patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung, but that has now begun to change. This article reviews the underlying molecular pathology of SQCC, as well as potential new targets and the corresponding novel targeted agents; included are some of which may soon be approvable in this notoriously hard-to-treat indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Vincent
- London Regional Cancer Program, Department of Medical Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre , London, ON , Canada
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Isa SI, Kurahara Y, Yamamoto S, Tamiya A, Omachi N, Asami K, Okishio K, Utsumi T, Ito N, Yoon HE, Matsumura A, Atagi S, Kawaguchi T. Molecular analysis of human papillomavirus in never-smokers with non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2014; 9:927-929. [PMID: 25621070 PMCID: PMC4301494 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The causes of lung cancer in never-smokers remain unclear. The potential contribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) to the carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been reported. In 2008, a prospective registry of never-smokers with NSCLC was established at the Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Osaka, Japan. Never-smokers with NSCLC were consecutively enrolled onto the registry. Of these patients, 114 with large tumor specimens, the majority of which were surgical tissues, were selected. In total, 23 of the most clinically relevant HPV types were assayed using polymerase chain reaction amplification of the viral genome. Following exclusion of samples with suboptimal quality, DNA was extracted from 96 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. These 96 cases consisted of 82 females (85.4%) and 14 males (14.6%), with a median age of 67 years (range, 29-83). Almost all cases (93.8%) were of the adenocarcinoma histological subtype. Despite confirmation of the quality and amount of DNA, HPV type 6 was detected in only one case (1.1%). Furthermore, no other samples examined were positive for any other HPV types. The results therefore suggest that HPV does not play a major role as the driving oncogenic event in never-smokers with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Kurahara
- Division of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Satomi Yamamoto
- Division of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamiya
- Division of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Naoki Omachi
- Division of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Asami
- Division of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | | | - Tomoki Utsumi
- Division of Chest Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Norimasa Ito
- Division of Chest Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Hyung-Eun Yoon
- Division of Chest Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Akihide Matsumura
- Division of Chest Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | | | - Tomoya Kawaguchi
- Division of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan ; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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Sagerup CMT, Nymoen DA, Halvorsen AR, Lund-Iversen M, Helland A, Brustugun OT. Human papilloma virus detection and typing in 334 lung cancer patients. Acta Oncol 2014; 53:952-7. [PMID: 24446743 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2013.879608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike cervical, anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers, where high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) has long been known to play a major role, a causative link between HPV and lung cancer has been investigated for decades with discrepant results. METHODS Lung cancer patients eligible for surgical treatment were tested for the presence of HPV-DNA in excised, fresh frozen lung tumor tissue. Patients that tested positive were further examined for the presence of HPV-DNA in adjacent normal lung parenchyma. HPV detection and genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based approach and allowed the typing of 13 "high-risk"-HPV-types and 2 "low-risk"-HPV-types. RESULTS Of the 334 tumor-DNA samples tested, 13 (3.9%) showed presence of HPV-DNA, of which 12 were of a high-risk HPV type (16, 33, 66). In those tested positive, HPV-DNA was not found in adjacent normal lung tissue. No correlation with smoking or EGFR/KRAS mutation status was seen, and only one of 84 squamous cell carcinomas was HPV-positive. CONCLUSION We conclude that HPV is rarely associated with lung cancer in a Northern European population and in those tested positive, more functional studies are required to determine the role HPV plays in lung cancer oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla M T Sagerup
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital , Oslo , Norway
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Ragin C, Obikoya-Malomo M, Kim S, Chen Z, Flores-Obando R, Gibbs D, Koriyama C, Aguayo F, Koshiol J, Caporaso NE, Carpagnano GE, Ciotti M, Dosaka-Akita H, Fukayama M, Goto A, Spandidos DA, Gorgoulis V, Heideman DAM, van Boerdonk RAA, Hiroshima K, Iwakawa R, Kastrinakis NG, Kinoshita I, Akiba S, Landi MT, Eugene Liu H, Wang JL, Mehra R, Khuri FR, Lim WT, Owonikoko TK, Ramalingam S, Sarchianaki E, Syrjanen K, Tsao MS, Sykes J, Hee SW, Yokota J, Zaravinos A, Taioli E. HPV-associated lung cancers: an international pooled analysis. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1267-75. [PMID: 24523449 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiologic risk factor for cervical cancer. Some studies have suggested an association with a subset of lung tumors, but the etiologic link has not been firmly established. We performed an international pooled analysis of cross-sectional studies (27 datasets, n = 3249 patients) to evaluate HPV DNA prevalence in lung cancer and to investigate viral presence according to clinical and demographic characteristics. HPV16/18 were the most commonly detected, but with substantial variation in viral prevalence between geographic regions. The highest prevalence of HPV16/18 was observed in South and Central America, followed by Asia, North America and Europe (adjusted prevalence rates = 22, 5, 4 and 3%, respectively). Higher HPV16 prevalence was noted in each geographic region compared with HPV18, except in North America. HPV16/18-positive lung cancer was less likely observed among White race (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.12-0.90), whereas no associations were observed with gender, smoking history, age, histology or stage. Comparisons between tumor and normal lung tissue show that HPV was more likely to be present in lung cancer rather than normal lung tissues (OR = 3.86, 95% CI = 2.87-5.19). Among a subset of patients with HPV16-positive tumors, integration was primarily among female patients (93%, 13/14), while the physical status in male cases (N = 14) was inconsistent. Our findings confirm that HPV DNA is present in a small fraction of lung tumors, with large geographic variations. Further comprehensive analysis is needed to assess whether this association reflects a causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Ragin
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA,
| | | | - Sungjin Kim
- Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhengjia Chen
- Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rafael Flores-Obando
- Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Denise Gibbs
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chihaya Koriyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Francisco Aguayo
- Virology Program, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Neil E Caporaso
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Giovanna E Carpagnano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marco Ciotti
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Foundation Polyclinic Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Hirotoshi Dosaka-Akita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Department and Cellular and Organ Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department and Cellular and Organ Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, 5D10, University of Crete, Vassilika Voutes, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Vassilis Gorgoulis
- Laboratory of Histology & Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Kenzo Hiroshima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, 477-96 Owada-Shinden, Yachiyo-shi, Chiba 276-8524, Japan
| | - Reika Iwakawa
- Division of Multistep Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Nikolaos G Kastrinakis
- Laboratory of Histology & Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ichiro Kinoshita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Suminori Akiba
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Maria T Landi
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H Eugene Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Li Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ranee Mehra
- Department of Medical Oncology and Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fadlo R Khuri
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wan-Teck Lim
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Republic of Singapore
| | - Taofeek K Owonikoko
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Suresh Ramalingam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emmanuela Sarchianaki
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, 5D10, University of Crete, Vassilika Voutes, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kari Syrjanen
- Department of Oncology & Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland, Fundação Pio XII- Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, Brazil
| | | | - Jenna Sykes
- Department of Biostatistics, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Siew Wan Hee
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry, UK and
| | - Jun Yokota
- Division of Multistep Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Apostolos Zaravinos
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, 5D10, University of Crete, Vassilika Voutes, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Department of Population Health, North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System, Hofstra Medical School, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, USA
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Ko EJ, Hong WJ, Shin SP, Shin SY, Heo JH, Jeong HC. Human papillomavirus type-16 positive endobronchial metastasis from uterine cervical cancer. Respirol Case Rep 2013; 2:10-2. [PMID: 25473550 PMCID: PMC4184720 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the lung is the most common site of metastasis from extrapulmonary malignancies, endobronchial metastases (EBM) are relatively rare. EBM typically originate from breast, colorectal, or kidney cancer. EBM from uterine cervical cancer is relatively rare and is difficult to confirm. In this study, we report a case of EBM in a patient with previously treated uterine cervical cancer. In this case, differentiation of the EBM from primary bronchogenic carcinoma with clinical, radiological, and pathologic findings was difficult. As identical human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 DNA was detected in both the EBM and in previously resected tissues from the prior uterine cervical cancer, the patient was diagnosed with EBM from uterine cervical cancer. HPV genotyping may aid in discriminating EBM from primary bronchogenic carcinoma in patients with uterine cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Ko
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University Seongnam, Korea
| | - Won-Jung Hong
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University Seongnam, Korea
| | - Suk-Pyo Shin
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sun-Young Shin
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Heo
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hye-Cheol Jeong
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University Seongnam, Korea
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Haedicke J, Iftner T. Human papillomaviruses and cancer. Radiother Oncol 2013; 108:397-402. [PMID: 23830197 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are small oncogenic DNA viruses of which more than 200 types have been identified to date. A small subset of these is etiologically linked to the development of anogenital malignancies such as cervical cancer. In addition, recent studies established a causative relationship between these high-risk HPV types and tonsillar and oropharyngeal cancer. Clinical management of cervical cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) is largely standardized and involves surgical removal of the tumor tissue as well as adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Notably, the response to therapeutic intervention of HPV-positive HNSCCs has been found to be better as compared to HPV-negative tumors. Although the existing HPV vaccine is solely licensed for the prevention of cervical cancer, it might also have prophylactic potential for the development of high-risk HPV-associated HNSCCs. Another group of viruses, which belongs to the beta-HPV subgroup, has been implicated in nonmelanoma skin cancer, however, the etiology remains to be established. Treatment of HPV-induced nonmelanoma skin cancer is based on local excision. However, topically applied immune-modulating substances represent non-surgical alternatives for the management of smaller cutaneous tumors. In this review we present the current knowledge of the role of HPV in cancer development and discuss clinical management options as well as targets for the development of future intervention therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Haedicke
- Medical Virology, Division of Experimental Virology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
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