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Gilbert L, Bourgeais A, Karras SN, Gezen-Ak D, Dursun E, Annweiler C. Vitamin D and behavioral disorders in older adults: results from the CLIP study. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100205. [PMID: 38460211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D is involved in brain health and function. Our objective was to determine whether vitamin D deficiency was associated with behavioral disorders in geriatric patients. DESIGN The observational cross-sectional CLIP (Cognition and LIPophilic vitamins) study. The report followed the STROBE statement. SETTING Geriatric acute care unit in a tertiary university hospital in France for 3 months at the end of winter and beginning of spring. PARTICIPANTS 272 patients ≥65 years consecutively hospitalized or seen in consultation. MEASUREMENTS Participants were separated into two groups according to vitamin D deficiency (i.e., serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≤25 nmol/L). Behavior was assessed using the reduced version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Scale (NPI-R) score and subscores. Age, sex, BMI, education level, comorbidities, MMSE and GDS scores, use psychoactive drugs and vitamin D supplements, and serum concentrations of calcium, parathyroid hormone, TSH and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were used as potential confounders. RESULTS Participants with vitamin D deficiency (n = 78) had similar NPI-R score (17.4 ± 20.3 versus 17.2 ± 16.1, p = 0.92) but higher (i.e., worse) subscore of agitation and aggressiveness (2.0 ± 3.3 versus 1.2 ± 2.4, p = 0.02) and higher (i.e., worse) subscore of disinhibition (0.99 ± 2.98 versus 0.38 ± 1.42, p = 0.02) than those without vitamin D deficiency (n = 194). In multiple linear regressions, vitamin D deficiency was inversely associated with the subscore of agitation and aggressiveness (β = 1.37, p = 0.005) and with the subscore of disinhibition (β = 0.96, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency was associated with more severe subscores of agitation and aggressiveness and of disinhibition among older adults. This provides a scientific basis to test the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on behavioral disorders in older patients with vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Gilbert
- UNIV ANGERS, School of Medicine, Health Faculty, University of Angers, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Alexis Bourgeais
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Spyridon N Karras
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Aristotle University, 55535 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Duygu Gezen-Ak
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratories, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Dursun
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratories, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- UNIV ANGERS, School of Medicine, Health Faculty, University of Angers, 49100, Angers, France; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers University Hospital, 49933 Angers, France; UNIV ANGERS, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, 49000, Angers, France; Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Gérontopôle des Pays de la Loire, 44200, Nantes, France.
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2
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Guarnieri L, Bosco F, Leo A, Citraro R, Palma E, De Sarro G, Mollace V. Impact of micronutrients and nutraceuticals on cognitive function and performance in Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102210. [PMID: 38296163 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major global health problem today and is the most common form of dementia. AD is characterized by the formation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary clusters, leading to decreased brain acetylcholine levels in the brain. Another mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of AD is the abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein that accumulates at the level of neurofibrillary aggregates, and the areas most affected by this pathological process are usually the cholinergic neurons in cortical, subcortical, and hippocampal areas. These effects result in decreased cognitive function, brain atrophy, and neuronal death. Malnutrition and weight loss are the most frequent manifestations of AD, and these are also associated with greater cognitive decline. Several studies have confirmed that a balanced low-calorie diet and proper nutritional intake may be considered important factors in counteracting or slowing the progression of AD, whereas a high-fat or hypercholesterolemic diet predisposes to an increased risk of developing AD. Especially, fruits, vegetables, antioxidants, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and micronutrients supplementation exert positive effects on aging-related changes in the brain due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and radical scavenging properties. The purpose of this review is to summarize some possible nutritional factors that may contribute to the progression or prevention of AD, understand the role that nutrition plays in the formation of Aβ plaques typical of this neurodegenerative disease, to identify some potential therapeutic strategies that may involve some natural compounds, in delaying the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Guarnieri
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Antonio Leo
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rita Citraro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Skv M, Abraham SM, Eshwari O, Golla K, Jhelum P, Maity S, Komal P. Tremendous Fidelity of Vitamin D3 in Age-related Neurological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w. [PMID: 38372958 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD) is a secosteroid hormone and shows a pleiotropic effect in brain-related disorders where it regulates redox imbalance, inflammation, apoptosis, energy production, and growth factor synthesis. Vitamin D3's active metabolic form, 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3 or calcitriol), is a known regulator of several genes involved in neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, neurotropism, and neuroinflammation. Multiple studies suggest that VD deficiency can be proposed as a risk factor for the development of several age-related neurological disorders. The evidence for low serum levels of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3 or calcidiol), the major circulating form of VD, is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), dementia, and cognitive impairment. Despite decades of evidence on low VD association with neurological disorders, the precise molecular mechanism behind its beneficial effect remains controversial. Here, we will be delving into the neurobiological importance of VD and discuss its benefits in different neuropsychiatric disorders. The focus will be on AD, PD, and HD as they share some common clinical, pathological, and epidemiological features. The central focus will be on the different attributes of VD in the aspect of its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cholinesterase activity, and psychotropic effect in different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Skv
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sharon Mariam Abraham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Omalur Eshwari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kishore Golla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priya Jhelum
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience and Brain Program, The Research Instituteof the, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shuvadeep Maity
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pragya Komal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Ciobanu AM, Petrescu C, Anghele C, Manea MC, Ciobanu CA, Petrescu DM, Antonia MO, Riga S. Severe Vitamin D Deficiency-A Possible Cause of Resistance to Treatment in Psychiatric Pathology. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2056. [PMID: 38138159 PMCID: PMC10744484 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, vitamin D functions have been studied progressively, and along with their main role in regulating calcium homeostasis, the potential function in the nervous system and the link between different psychiatric disorders and vitamin D deficiency have been revealed. The discovery of vitamin D receptors in multiple brain structures, like the hippocampus, led to the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency could be responsible for treatment resistance in psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the current knowledge in the literature regarding vitamin D deficiency among individuals afflicted with psychiatric disorders and assess the potential therapeutic benefits of vitamin D supplementation. A systematic search was conducted on the PubMed database for articles published in the last five years (2016-2022) in English, focusing on human subjects. Results show that vitamin D deficiency has implications for numerous psychiatric disorders, affecting mood and behavior through its influence on neurotransmitter release, neurotrophic factors, and neuroprotection. It also plays a role in modulating inflammation, which is often elevated in psychiatric disorders. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent and has far-reaching implications for mental health. This review underscores the importance of exploring the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with psychiatric disorders and highlights the need for further research in this complex field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Magdalena Ciobanu
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Petrescu
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Anghele
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea Costin Manea
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Diana Mihaela Petrescu
- Department of Neurology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihalache Oana Antonia
- Neurology Clinic, “Fundeni” Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Stress Research and Prophylaxis, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sorin Riga
- Department of Stress Research and Prophylaxis, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania;
- Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, 927180 Bucharest, Romania
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Mikola T, Marx W, Lane MM, Hockey M, Loughman A, Rajapolvi S, Rocks T, O'Neil A, Mischoulon D, Valkonen-Korhonen M, Lehto SM, Ruusunen A. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11784-11801. [PMID: 35816192 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2096560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurosteroid and immunological actions of vitamin D may regulate depression-linked physiology. Meta-analyses investigating the effect of vitamin D on depression have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of vitamin D in reducing depressive symptoms among adults in randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCT). General and clinical populations, and studies of ill individuals with systemic diseases were included. Light therapy, co-supplementation (except calcium) and bipolar disorder were exclusionary. Databases Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL and The Cochrane Library were searched to identify relevant articles in English published before April 2022. Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2) and GRADE were used to appraise studies. Forty-one RCTs (n = 53,235) were included. Analyses based on random-effects models were performed with the Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software. Results for main outcome (n = 53,235) revealed a positive effect of vitamin D on depressive symptoms (Hedges' g = -0.317, 95% CI [-0.405, -0.230], p < 0.001, I2 = 88.16%; GRADE: very low certainty). RoB assessment was concerning in most studies. Notwithstanding high heterogeneity, vitamin D supplementation ≥ 2,000 IU/day appears to reduce depressive symptoms. Future research should investigate possible benefits of augmenting standard treatments with vitamin D in clinical depression. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020149760. Funding: Finnish Medical Foundation, grant 4120 and Juho Vainio Foundation, grant 202100353.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Mikola
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Melissa M Lane
- Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Meghan Hockey
- Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Amy Loughman
- Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sanna Rajapolvi
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tetyana Rocks
- Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - David Mischoulon
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minna Valkonen-Korhonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Soili M Lehto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- R&D department, Division of Mental Health Services, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Ruusunen
- Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Khoo CS, Shukor MF, Tan JK, Tan MM, Yong LL, Sahibulddin SZ, Mat Desa SH, A Wahab N, Hod R, Tan HJ. Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency among adults with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 147:109432. [PMID: 37716324 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency among adult people with epilepsy (PWE) is scarcely studied, despite its essential role in bone health and maintaining homeostasis. Several studies have studied the relationship between factors related to epilepsy and vitamin D metabolism. We aim to investigate this in our multi-ethnic society. METHODS This was a single-center cross-sectional study. We recruited 159 participants diagnosed with epilepsy on antiseizure medications (ASMs). We included those aged 18 years and above, excluding patients with long-term medical conditions that would affect vitamin D metabolism. Sociodemographic data and details of epilepsy were collated. Venous sampling was performed to analyze the levels of albumin-corrected calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D]. Serum 25(OH)D level is defined as deficient (<20 ng/ml), insufficient (20-29 ng/ml), and sufficient (≥30 ng/ml). RESULTS The study reported that 73 (45.9%) participants had vitamin D deficiency, 38 (23.9%) had vitamin D insufficiency, and 48 (30.2%) patients had sufficient vitamin D levels. The predictors identified were PWE aged 18 to 44 years old (p = 0.001), female gender (OR 3.396, p = 0.002), and ethnicity (p < 0.001), specifically Malay and Chinese. However, no significant association was identified between types of ASMs, serum calcium, or the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency among PWE is prevalent in our local population, suggesting that regular screening should be considered for those at risk. Early identification would allow intervention to reduce the risk of future complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Soong Khoo
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Fadzli Shukor
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Juen Kiem Tan
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Li Ling Yong
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Hajar Mat Desa
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norasyikin A Wahab
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozita Hod
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Jan Tan
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ang WW, Goh ET, Lai K, McKay-Davies I. Vitamin D and smell impairment: a systematic literature review. J Laryngol Otol 2023; 137:971-976. [PMID: 36341550 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215122002389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smell impairment affects 60-80 per cent of individuals aged over 80 years. This review aimed to identify any association between vitamin D deficiency and smell impairment, and determine the efficacy of vitamin D to treat smell impairment. METHODS A literature search was conducted across four databases between the years 2000 and 2022. The literature screen was performed by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Seven articles were included in this review. Four studies examined the association between vitamin D deficiency and smell impairment, with three studies identifying a significant relationship. Three studies investigated the use of vitamin D as treatment for smell impairment, which found complete resolution or significant symptom improvement after vitamin D deficiency was treated. CONCLUSION This review identified limited studies on this topic. As vitamin D supplementation is relatively cost-efficient, further large-scale studies should be carried out to investigate the efficacy of vitamin D for treating anosmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Ang
- ENT, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - E T Goh
- General Surgery, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Lai
- ENT, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - I McKay-Davies
- ENT, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, London, UK
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Kouchek M, Shojaei S, Amniati S, Ghaffari M, Salarian S, Miri MM, Taherpour N, Masbough F, Sistanizad M. Effect of High-dose Vitamin D on IL-1β Blood Level in Patients with Moderate Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesth Pain Med 2023; 13:e138810. [PMID: 38024000 PMCID: PMC10664162 DOI: 10.5812/aapm-138810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in stroke patients, but its effect on pro-inflammatory and inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-1, has been investigated in a few trials. Objectives This study aimed to determine the effect of prescribing a high dose of vitamin D on the anti-inflammatory parameters, short-term and long-term prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke. Methods This randomized clinical trial was performed on 42 patients randomly divided into two equal groups of 21 in Imam Hussein Hospital. The patients were allocated through block randomization methods to receive 300,000 units of vitamin D (intramuscularly) or not receive it as a control group. Age, gender, and clinical and laboratory information were recorded. The stroke severity was calculated according to the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at the beginning of hospitalization and upon hospital discharge. The 3-month prognosis of the patients was recorded according to the Barthel criteria three months after the stroke. Vitamin D3 levels were recorded before and after injection, while the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were assessed on the first day and for 7 consecutive days after hospitalization. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 14. A P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results The mean age of the patients was 61.45 ± 4.74 years. There were 18 female (42.86%) and 24 male patients (57.14%). In the vitamin D group, the mean IL-1 decreased compared to before the intervention (-23.60 ± 103.83), but this decrease was not statistically significant (P = 0.070). In addition, the changes in IL-1 after the intervention were statistically different between the two groups (mean difference of -23.60 ± 103.83 in the vitamin D group vs. 15.96 ± 9.64 in the control group). The mean IL-6 decreased in both groups after the intervention compared to before, although these changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). In the group receiving vitamin D compared to the control group, the mean NLR decreased by about 2 units, the PLR decreased by about 10 units, and the NIHSS score decreased by about one unit during the study. However, these changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions A high dose of vitamin D can improve the NIHSS score and decrease IL-1 and IL-6, although these changes were not statistically significant. The mean NLR and PLR decreased after using high-dose vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Kouchek
- Critical Care Quality Improvement Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedpouzhia Shojaei
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Critical Care Quality Improvement Research Center, Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saied Amniati
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghaffari
- Department of Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Salarian
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Mohammad Miri
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Taherpour
- Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Masbough
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sistanizad
- Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Korkut O, Aydin H. Neurological Symptoms That May Represent a Warning in Terms of Diagnosis and Treatment in a Group of Children and Adolescents with Vitamin D Deficiency. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1251. [PMID: 37508748 PMCID: PMC10377780 DOI: 10.3390/children10071251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM This research was intended to evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings of children presenting to our pediatric neurology clinic with symptoms potentially linked to vitamin D deficiency and with low vitamin D levels and the distribution of those findings by sex, age groups, and vitamin D levels. METHODS This retrospective study involved patients presenting to our clinic with symptoms potentially associated with vitamin D deficiency and low serum concentrations of 25 OH vitamin D (25 OH D) (<75 nmol/L, 30 µg/mL). Patients' movement disorders and central nervous system-related symptoms at the time of presentation and serum 25 OH D, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) levels were recorded and evaluated in terms of age, sex, and vitamin D levels. RESULTS Eight hundred twenty-two cases of vitamin D deficiency were included in the study, 50.2% (n = 413) boys and 49.8% (n = 409) girls. Although cases of vitamin D deficiency were present across all the age groups between 1 and 18, they were most common in the 5-14 age range (n = 372, 45.3%). Movement disorders were observed in 14.6% (n = 120) of our cases, and neurological findings associated with the central nervous system were observed in 52.6% (n = 432). The most common accompanying movement in our cases was difficulty remaining in balance (n = 42, 35%), while the most frequent accompanying central nervous system finding was vertigo (n = 99, 22.92%). Other movement disorders encountered included limb shaking (n = 32, 26.7%), abnormal posture (n = 20, 16.67%), easy falling (n = 16, 13.33%), body rigidity (n = 15, 12.5%), and hand clenching (n = 5, 4.17%). Other frequently encountered neurological findings were headache (n = 88, 20.37%), epileptic seizures (n = 83, 19.21%), fainting (n = 58, 13.43%), developmental delay (n = 41, 9.49%), febrile seizures (n = 33, 7.64%), and numbness in the fingers (n = 20, 4.63%). Other neurological findings were sleep disorders (n = 10, 2.31%), nightmares (n = 8, 1.85%), pain in the extremities (n = 7, 1.62%), and sweating and frailty (n = 4, 0.93% for both). Ca, P, and Mg levels were lower in cases with vitamin D levels < 12 µg/mL. The prevalences of both movement disorders and central nervous system findings varied according to age groups, sex, and vitamin D levels. CONCLUSIONS Our study results show that vitamin D deficiency can present with different neurological findings and that these may vary according to age group, sex, and vitamin D levels. Clinicians must take particular care in pediatric cases with neurological findings in terms of the early diagnosis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguzhan Korkut
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, 10145 Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Hilal Aydin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, 10145 Balikesir, Turkey
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Ye X, Zhou Q, Ren P, Xiang W, Xiao L. The Synaptic and Circuit Functions of Vitamin D in Neurodevelopment Disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:1515-1530. [PMID: 37424961 PMCID: PMC10327924 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s407731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is a public health issue around the world. According to epidemiological studies, low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increased risk of some neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Animal models reveal that vitamin D has a variety of impacts on the synapses and circuits in the brain. A lack of vitamin D affects the expression of synaptic proteins, as well as the synthesis and metabolism of various neurotransmitters. Depending on where vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are expressed, vitamin D may also regulate certain neuronal circuits through the endocannabinoid signaling, mTOR pathway and oxytocin signaling. While inconsistently, some data suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be able to reduce the core symptoms of ASD and ADHD. This review emphasizes vitamin D's role in the synaptic and circuit mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders including ASD and ADHD. Future application of vitamin D in these disorders will depend on both basic research and clinical studies, in order to make the transition from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Ye
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, School of Pediatrics, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qionglin Zhou
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Ren
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, School of Pediatrics, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, School of Pediatrics, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Xiao
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, School of Pediatrics, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Lisakovska O, Labudzynskyi D, Khomenko A, Isaev D, Savotchenko A, Kasatkina L, Savosko S, Veliky M, Shymanskyi I. Brain vitamin D3-auto/paracrine system in relation to structural, neurophysiological, and behavioral disturbances associated with glucocorticoid-induced neurotoxicity. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1133400. [PMID: 37020845 PMCID: PMC10067932 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1133400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionVitamin D3 (VD3) is a potent para/autocrine regulator and neurosteroid that can strongly influence nerve cell function and counteract the negative effects of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. The aim of the study was to reveal the relationship between VD3 status and behavioral, structural-functional and molecular changes associated with GC-induced neurotoxicity.MethodsFemale Wistar rats received synthetic GC prednisolone (5 mg/kg b.w.) with or without VD3 (1000 IU/kg b.w.) for 30 days. Behavioral, histological, physiological, biochemical, molecular biological (RT-PCR, Western blotting) methods, and ELISA were used.Results and discussionThere was no difference in open field test (OFT), while forced swim test (FST) showed an increase in immobility time and a decrease in active behavior in prednisolone-treated rats, indicative of depressive changes. GC increased the perikaryon area, enlarged the size of the nuclei, and caused a slight reduction of cell density in CA1-CA3 hippocampal sections. We established a GC-induced decrease in the long-term potentiation (LTP) in CA1-CA3 hippocampal synapses, the amplitude of high K+-stimulated exocytosis, and the rate of Ca2+-dependent fusion of synaptic vesicles with synaptic plasma membranes. These changes were accompanied by an increase in nitration and poly(ADP)-ribosylation of cerebral proteins, suggesting the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress. Prednisolone upregulated the expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 subunit at Ser311, whereas downregulating IκB. GC loading depleted the circulating pool of 25OHD3 in serum and CSF, elevated VDR mRNA and protein levels but had an inhibitory effect on CYP24A1 and VDBP expression. Vitamin D3 supplementation had an antidepressant-like effect, decreasing the immobility time and stimulating active behavior. VD3 caused a decrease in the size of the perikaryon and nucleus in CA1 hippocampal area. We found a recovery in depolarization-induced fusion of synaptic vesicles and long-term synaptic plasticity after VD3 treatment. VD3 diminished the intensity of oxidative-nitrosative stress, and suppressed the NF-κB activation. Its ameliorative effect on GC-induced neuroanatomical and behavioral abnormalities was accompanied by the 25OHD3 repletion and partial restoration of the VD3-auto/paracrine system.ConclusionGC-induced neurotoxicity and behavioral disturbances are associated with increased oxidative-nitrosative stress and impairments of VD3 metabolism. Thus, VD3 can be effective in preventing structural and functional abnormalities in the brain and behavior changes caused by long-term GC administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha Lisakovska
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
- *Correspondence: Olha Lisakovska,
| | - Dmytro Labudzynskyi
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Anna Khomenko
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Isaev
- Department of Cellular Membranology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alina Savotchenko
- Department of Cellular Membranology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ludmila Kasatkina
- Research Laboratory for Young Scientists, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Serhii Savosko
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Mykola Veliky
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ihor Shymanskyi
- Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Carbone EA, Menculini G, de Filippis R, D’Angelo M, De Fazio P, Tortorella A, Steardo L. Sleep Disturbances in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The Role of Calcium Homeostasis Imbalance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4431. [PMID: 36901441 PMCID: PMC10002427 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Patients with a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often report preeminent sleep disturbances. Recently, calcium homeostasis gained interest because of its role in the regulation of sleep-wake rhythms and anxiety symptoms. This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the association between calcium homeostasis imbalance, anxiety, and quality of sleep in patients with GAD. A total of 211 patients were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scales. Calcium, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were evaluated in blood samples. A correlation and linear regression analysis were run to evaluate the association of HAM-A, PSQI, and ISI scores with peripheral markers of calcium homeostasis imbalance. Significant correlations emerged between HAM-A, PSQI, ISI, PTH, and vitamin D. The regression models showed that patients with GAD displaying low levels of vitamin D and higher levels of PTH exhibit a poor subjective quality of sleep and higher levels of anxiety, underpinning higher psychopathological burden. A strong relationship between peripheral biomarkers of calcium homeostasis imbalance, insomnia, poor sleep quality, and anxiety symptomatology was underlined. Future studies could shed light on the causal and temporal relationship between calcium metabolism imbalance, anxiety, and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Anna Carbone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulia Menculini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi, 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Renato de Filippis
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Martina D’Angelo
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Fazio
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alfonso Tortorella
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi, 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Zhang Q, Shen S, Guan H, Zhang J, Chen X. Orthostatic hypotension is associated with malnutrition diagnosed by GLIM in elderly hypertensive patients. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:866. [PMID: 36384431 PMCID: PMC9670410 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Orthostatic Hypotension (OH) and malnutrition, are common health problems in elderly hypertensive patients. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between malnutrition and OH in elderly hypertensive patients. Methods This is a cross-sectional single-center study. All participants underwent a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), in which malnutrition was defined according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria based on four different methods of diagnosing muscle mass loss. Furthermore, the accuracy of these methods was verified by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for OH in elderly hypertensive patients. Results For GLIM criteria, when Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI) was the gold standard for muscle mass loss, the Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) values for Upper Arm Circumference (UAC), Calf Circumference (CC), and Hand Grip Strength (HGS) were 0.784, 0.805, and 0.832, with moderate accuracy in diagnosing malnutrition. Multivariate analysis showed that females, Diabetes Mellitus (DM), diuretics, and malnutrition diagnosed by GLIM-UAC were risk factors for OH in elderly hypertensive patients. Conclusion Prompt detection of malnutrition in the elderly and attention to changes in UAC may be critical. Similarly, we should strengthen medication and disease management in elderly hypertensive patients.
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Li MT, Robinson CL, Ruan QZ, Surapaneni S, Southerland W. The Influence of Sleep Disturbance on Chronic Pain. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2022; 26:795-804. [PMID: 36190680 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-022-01074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to present an overview of common sleep disturbance pathologies and their impact on chronic pain, while examining various factors that are implicit in the relationship between sleep disturbance and chronic pain, including neurobiochemistry, anatomy, and systemic mediators, and reviewing recent and landmark literature. RECENT FINDINGS Earlier literature reviews and studies have introduced the bidirectional relationship between sleep disturbance and chronic pain; that is, impaired sleep may worsen chronic pain, and chronic pain causes sleep disturbance. However, more recent reviews and studies seem to show a more associative, rather than causative relationship. There have been recent studies that attempt to determine mechanisms that link sleep disturbance and chronic pain; the results of these studies were more varied, ultimately concluding that there may be a separate, yet-to-be discovered mechanism that shows the causative relationship between sleep disturbance and pain. There are several neurotransmitters that are involved in the mediation of chronic pain and sleep disturbance as separate entities, and some studies have shown that there may be mechanisms that govern both chronic pain and sleep disturbance as a single unit. Other neuroendocrine substances also serve to mediate chronic pain and sleep disturbance. All these substances are found to be associated with various sleep disorders and are also associated with chronic pain symptoms as well. Inflammation plays a role in chronic pain and sleep disturbance, with an increase in inflammatory substances and mediators associated with an increase or worsening in chronic pain symptoms and sleep disorders. The HPA axis plays a role in chronic pain and sleep disorders, influencing pain and sleep pathways through stress response, inflammation, and maintenance of homeostasis. There are several variables that influence both chronic pain and sleep disturbance, and more research into these variables may further our understanding into the complex pathways governing the influence of sleep disturbance on pain, and ultimately to improve treatment for this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Christopher Louis Robinson
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qing Zhao Ruan
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sindhuja Surapaneni
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Warren Southerland
- Department of Anesthesia, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Kumar PNS, Menon V, Andrade C. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week trial of vitamin D augmentation in major depressive disorder associated with vitamin D deficiency. J Affect Disord 2022; 314:143-149. [PMID: 35843459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D (VitD) supplementation for depression have yielded inconsistent results. We conducted the first RCT of VitD supplementation with multipoint serum 25(OH)D assessments in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with concurrent severe VitD deficiency. METHODS We randomized antidepressant-free depressed adults with mean baseline 25(OH)D of 11.5 ng/ml to VitD (60,000 IU every 5 days; n = 31) or placebo (n = 28) for 12 weeks. All patients also received escitalopram (10-20 mg/day). Patients were rated at baseline and at the end of weeks 4, 8, and 12. Serum 25(OH)D was estimated at baseline, week 8, and week 12. RESULTS In an intent-to-treat analysis, mean Hamilton Depression Scale scores dropped from 25.7 to 5.7 and from 25.8 to 5.0 in VitD and placebo groups, respectively (primary outcome; P = 0.92). VitD and placebo groups did not differ on other objective and subjective ratings of depression, or on global ratings. Similar findings characterized completer analyses. No significant correlations were observed between 25(OH)D levels and depression ratings across the course of the study. Importantly, endpoint escitalopram doses were 4 mg/day higher in placebo than in VitD patients, and 4 mg/day higher in VitD deficient than in VitD sufficient patients. LIMITATIONS A ceiling effect with escitalopram may have prevented the discovery of benefits with VitD supplementation. CONCLUSIONS VitD supplementation does not improve antidepressant outcomes with flexibly dosed escitalopram. VitD deficient depressed patients may require higher antidepressant doses to experience benefits similar to those whose deficiency is corrected by VitD supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Suresh Kumar
- IQRAA International Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Malaparamba, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
| | - Chittaranjan Andrade
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Park JY, Kim JH, Sim YJ, Jeong HJ, Lee JH, Kim GC. The association between the serum vitamin D levels and the stroke lesion size, functional ability, and cognition in elderly Korean ischemic stroke patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e04086. [PMID: 36107604 PMCID: PMC9439740 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to confirm the association between the serum vitamin D levels and ischemic stroke lesion size, functional ability, and cognitive function in elderly ischemic stroke patients. This study included Korean ischemic stroke patients aged 65 to 85 years. The size of the lesion was measured in brain images taken within 24 hours of hospitalization. The level of 25-(OH) Vitamin D (ng/mL), a metabolite of vitamin D, in the serum collected within 48 hours of hospitalization, and the modified Barthel index (MBI), gait performance, the muscle power of hip and knee extensors on the hemiplegic side, and mini-mental status examination (MMSE) were recorded within 1 week of the onset of the disease. Each factor was compared through correlation analysis, and the significance was confirmed using the Spearman correlation coefficient method. The association between the serum vitamin D levels and the size of the ischemic stroke lesion, the MBI, gait performance, the muscle power of hip and knee extensors on the hemiplegic side, and the MMSE were analyzed. It was confirmed that there was a significant correlation between all the factors (P < .005). In patients with serum vitamin D levels of ≥ 30 ng/mL, both the functional ability and cognitive functions were better than in patients lower than 30 ng/mL. We confirmed the lower the level of serum vitamin D levels, the larger the size of the ischemic stroke lesion when it occurred in elderly Koreans. And we confirmed that serum vitamin D levels affected the functional ability and cognitive function. And we recommend that elderly Koreans should maintain their blood vitamin D level above 30 ng/mL. We believe that this will help preserve the functional ability and cognitive function when ischemic stroke occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Ju Hyeon Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Young Joo Sim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Ho Joong Jeong
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Ghi Chan Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
- *Correspondence: Ghi Chan Kim, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, 262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea 49267 (e-mail: )
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Association between lower serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol) concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults: data from a populational-based cohort study in a middle-income country. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:2507-2516. [PMID: 34689855 PMCID: PMC9991716 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021004407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol) (25(OH)D) concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults living in Southern Brazil. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis using data from the second follow-up wave of the populational-based EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study was collected in 2013-2014. SETTING Cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Blood samples were collected to measure serum vitamin D concentrations using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Vitamin D concentrations were distributed in quartiles (Q1: 4·0-20·7 ng/ml; Q2: 20·8-26·6 ng/ml; Q3: 26·7-32·0 ng/ml and Q4: 32·1-60·1 ng/ml), and its association with cognitive impairment was tested by crude and adjusted logistic regression (sociodemographic, behavioural and health aspects) using Q4 as a reference group. PARTICIPANTS 200 men and 371 women aged 60 years or older participated in this study. RESULTS The prevalence of probable cognitive impairment was 21·7 %. Those without cognitive impairment had a higher mean of vitamin D serum concentrations (26·8 v. 24·6, P = 0·014). In the crude analysis, only individuals in Q2 of vitamin D presented an increased risk for probable cognitive impairment compared with Q4 (highest quartile) (OR 2·65, 95 % CI 1·46, 4·81), remaining significant in the adjusted analysis (OR 6·04, 95 % CI 2·78, 13·13). While Q1 (lowest quartile) was not associated in the crude analysis, but when adjusted, an increased risk of cognitive impairment was observed. CONCLUSION The lowest quartile of vitamin D was directly associated with probable cognitive impairment in older adults in Southern Brazil. More studies are needed to investigate whether maintaining adequate serum levels may represent a significant factor in preventing age-related neurological disorders as well as to verify the need for new cutoff points for this age group.
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D’Egidio F, Lombardozzi G, Kacem Ben Haj M’Barek HE, Mastroiacovo G, Alfonsetti M, Cimini A. The Influence of Dietary Supplementations on Neuropathic Pain. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081125. [PMID: 36013304 PMCID: PMC9410423 DOI: 10.3390/life12081125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is defined as pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system and affects 7–10% of the worldwide population. Neuropathic pain can be induced by the use of drugs, including taxanes, thus triggering chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain or as consequence of metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Neuropathic pain is most often a chronic condition, and can be associated with anxiety and depression; thus, it negatively impacts quality of life. Several pharmacologic approaches exist; however, they can lead numerous adverse effects. From this perspective, the use of nutraceuticals and diet supplements can be helpful in relieve neuropathic pain and related symptoms. In this review, we discuss how diet can radically affect peripheral neuropathy, and we focus on the potential approaches to ameliorate this condition, such as the use of numerous nutritional supplements or probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco D’Egidio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.D.); (G.L.); (H.E.K.B.H.M.); (G.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Giorgia Lombardozzi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.D.); (G.L.); (H.E.K.B.H.M.); (G.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Housem E. Kacem Ben Haj M’Barek
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.D.); (G.L.); (H.E.K.B.H.M.); (G.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Giada Mastroiacovo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.D.); (G.L.); (H.E.K.B.H.M.); (G.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Margherita Alfonsetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.D.); (G.L.); (H.E.K.B.H.M.); (G.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (F.D.); (G.L.); (H.E.K.B.H.M.); (G.M.); (M.A.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence:
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Leirós M, Amenedo E, Rodríguez M, Pazo-Álvarez P, Franco L, Leis R, Martínez-Olmos MÁ, Arce C. Cognitive Status and Nutritional Markers in a Sample of Institutionalized Elderly People. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:880405. [PMID: 35686024 PMCID: PMC9171327 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.880405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since many of the risk factors for cognitive decline can be modified by diet, the study of nutrition and its relationships with cognitive status in aging has increased considerably in recent years. However, there are hardly any studies that have assessed cognitive status using a comprehensive set of neuropsychological tests along with measures of functional capacity and mood and that have related it to nutritional status measured from several nutritional parameters that have shown its relationships with cognitive function. Objective To test the differences in depressive symptomatology and in several measures of nutritional status between three groups classified according to their cognitive status (CS hereafter). Method One hundred thirteen participants from nursing homes in Galicia, Spain, underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological examination, including a general screening test (MMSE) and tests for different cognitive domains along with measures of activities of daily living (ADL) and assessment of depressive symptomatology (GDS-SF). According to established clinical criteria, participants were divided into three CS groups, Cognitively Intact (CI), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and All-Cause Dementia (ACD). Nutritional status was also examined using blood-derived measures, body mass index (BMI) and a nutritional screening test (MNA-SF). Differences between CS groups in all nutritional variables were studied by one-way ANOVAs with post-hoc Bonferroni correction or Kruskal-Wallis with Games-Howell post-hoc correction when appropriate. Multinomial logistic regression was also applied to test the association between nutritional variables and CS. Results Differences between CS groups were statistically significant for depressive symptomatology, vitamin A and D, albumin, selenium (Se), uric acid (UA), and BMI. The results of multinomial logistic regression found positive associations between groups with better CS and higher concentrations of vitamins A and D, transthyretin (TTR), albumin, Se, and UA, while negative associations were found for BMI. Conclusion Higher serum levels of vitamin A, vitamin D, TTR, albumin, Se, and UA could act as protective factors against cognitive decline, whereas higher BMI could act as a risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Leirós
- Research Group in Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (NECEA), Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Elena Amenedo
- Research Group in Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (NECEA), Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Marina Rodríguez
- Research Group in Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (NECEA), Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Paula Pazo-Álvarez
- Research Group in Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (NECEA), Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Luis Franco
- Economic Analysis and Modeling Group, Instituto de Estudios y Desarrollo de Galicia (IDEGA), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathological Anatomy, Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Pediatrics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel-Ángel Martínez-Olmos
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Section of Endocrinology-Nutrition Area, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Constantino Arce
- Department of Social, Basic and Methodology Psychology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Sakai K, Niimi M, Momosaki R, Yoneoka D, Hoshino E. Nutritional therapy for reducing disability and improving activities of daily living in people after stroke. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd014852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotomi Sakai
- Comprehensive Unit for Health Economic Evidence Review and Decision Support (CHEERS), Research Organization of Science and Technology; Ritsumeikan University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Masachika Niimi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; The Jikei University School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; Mie University Graduate School of Medicine; Mie Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoneoka
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Public Health; St Luke’s International University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Eri Hoshino
- Comprehensive Unit for Health Economic Evidence Review and Decision Support (CHEERS), Research Organization of Science and Technology; Ritsumeikan University; Kyoto Japan
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21
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Lo CSC, Kiang KMY, Leung GKK. Anti-tumor effects of vitamin D in glioblastoma: mechanism and therapeutic implications. J Transl Med 2022; 102:118-125. [PMID: 34504307 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most prevalent primary brain tumor in adults among which glioblastoma is the most malignant and lethal subtype. Its common resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics calls for the development of alternative or concomitant treatment. Taking advantage of its endocrine function as a neurosteroid, vitamin D has become a target of interest to be used in conjunction with different chemotherapies. In this article, we review the mechanisms through which vitamin D and its analogs induce anti-tumor activity in glioblastoma, and the practical issues relevant to their potential application based on in vitro and in vivo studies. Vitamin D has largely been reported to promote cell cycle arrest and induce cell death to suppress tumor growth in glioblastoma. Glioblastoma cells treated with vitamin D have also shown reduced migratory and invasive phenotypes, and reduced stemness. It is worth noting that vitamin D analogs are able to produce similar inhibitory actions without causing adverse effects such as hypercalcemia in vivo. Upregulation of vitamin D receptors by vitamin D and its analogs may also play a role in enhancing its anti-tumor activity. Based on current findings and taking into consideration its potential cancer-protective effects, the clinical application of vitamin D in glioblastoma treatment and prevention will be discussed. With some study findings subject to controversy, further investigation is warranted to elucidate the mechanism of action of vitamin D and to evaluate relevant issues regarding its treatment efficacy and potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sze-Ching Lo
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Karrie Mei-Yee Kiang
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gilberto Ka-Kit Leung
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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22
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Zhao Y, Xu J, Feng Z, Wang J. Impact of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D on White Matter Hyperintensity in Elderly Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurol 2022; 12:721427. [PMID: 35095709 PMCID: PMC8794798 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.721427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some studies show that low serum vitamin D levels are associated with white matter hyperintensity (WMH), while other studies report no association. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the presence of an association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and WMH. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, WANFANG, and VIP were searched for available papers published up to December 2020. The outcomes were the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between different vitamin D statuses and WMH. All meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model. Five studies (4393 patients) were included. Compared with sufficient 25(OH)D levels, 25(OH)D deficiency was not associated with WMH (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 0.92–3.04; I2 = 70.2%, Pheterogeneity = 0.009), nor was 25(OH)D insufficiency (OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 0.89–1.65; I2 = 48.1%, Pheterogeneity = 0.103). A decrease of 25 nmol/L in 25(OH)D levels was associated with WMH (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.34-2.49; I2 = 0%, Pheterogeneity= 0.512). The sensitivity analyses showed that the results were robust. 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency are not associated with WMH. A decrease of 25 nmol/L in 25(OH)D levels was associated with WMH, but this result will have to be confirmed. Prospective trials, both cross-sectional and longitudinal, are necessary to examine the association between 25(OH)D levels and WMH.
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23
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Vitamin D Supplement for Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Ther 2021; 28:e638-e648. [DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Santangelo G, Raimo S, Erro R, Picillo M, Amboni M, Pellecchia MT, Pivonello C, Barone P, Vitale C. Vitamin D as a possible biomarker of mild cognitive impairment in parkinsonians. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:1998-2002. [PMID: 33111573 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1839860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease (PD-MCI) is a transitional state between normal cognition and dementia. Cross-sectional studies revealed that low Vitamin D levels were associated with worse performance on cognitive tests in Parkinson's Disease. The present longitudinal study aimed to examine the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels at baseline and possible development of PD-MCI at 24 and 48 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty untreated, de novo PD patients underwent clinical and cognitive evaluations and measurement of serum 25(OH)D at baseline assessment (T0). After 24 (T1) and 48 months (T2), cognitive status (presence or absence of PD-MCI) of PD patients were re-evaluated. RESULTS Vitamin D insufficiency occurred in 93.3% at T0. At T1, significant differences among patients with PD-MCI at both baseline and follow-up, patients with PD-MCI at follow-up and patients who never developed PD-MCI were found on age, age at onset of PD, and education; no significant difference was found on vitamin D levels at T0. A binary logistic regression analysis showed that a lower level of 25(OH)D at T0 (B= -0.158, Wald= 5.280, p = 0.022, Exp (B)=0.854; CI 95%: 0.746-0.977) and lower education (B= -0.214, Wald= 3.859, p = 0.049, Exp (B)=0.807; CI 95%: 0652-1.000) were predictors of PD-MCI occurrence at T2. DISCUSSION Our results demonstrated that a lower level of 25(OH)D is conceivable as a biomarker of development of PD-MCI throughout the disease. Early diagnosis of Vitamin D insufficiency and its management might be useful to prevent cognitive decline in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Santangelo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Simona Raimo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Roberto Erro
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease - CEMAND, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Marina Picillo
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease - CEMAND, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Marianna Amboni
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease - CEMAND, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy.,Institute of Diagnosis and Health, IDC-Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Pellecchia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease - CEMAND, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Claudia Pivonello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Barone
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease - CEMAND, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Carmine Vitale
- Institute of Diagnosis and Health, IDC-Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy.,Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University 'Parthenope', Naples, Italy
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Marchesi N, Govoni S, Allegri M. Non-drug pain relievers active on non-opioid pain mechanisms. Pain Pract 2021; 22:255-275. [PMID: 34498362 DOI: 10.1111/papr.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review is aimed to summarize the pain-relieving effect of non-drug substances, mostly prescribed as integrators in treatment of pain, including especially in chronic postoperative pain (CPSP) and in chronic back pain after acute episodes. Their use reflects the fact that the current treatments for these syndromes continue to pose problems of unsatisfactory responses in a significant portion of patients and/or of an excess of side effects like those noted in the present opioid crisis. As integrators are frequently introduced into the market without adequate clinical testing, this review is aimed to collect the present scientific evidence either preclinical or clinical for their effectiveness. In particular, we reviewed the data on the use of: B vitamins; vitamin C; vitamin D; alpha lipoic acid (ALA); N-acetylcysteine; acetyl L-carnitine; curcumin; boswellia serrata; magnesium; coenzyme Q10, and palmitoylethanolamide. The combination of preclinical findings and clinical observations strongly indicate that these compounds deserve more careful attention, some of them having interesting clinical potentials also in preventing chronic pain after an acute episode. In particular, examining their putative mechanisms of action it emerges that combinations of few of them may exert an extraordinary spectrum of activities on a large variety of pain-associated pathways and may be eventually used in combination with more traditional pain killers in order to extend the duration of the effect and to lower the doses. Convincing examples of effective combinations against pain are vitamin B complex plus gabapentin for CPSP, including neuropathic pain; vitamin B complex plus diclofenac against low back pain and also in association with gabapentin, and ALA for burning mouth syndrome. These as well as other examples need, however, careful controlled independent clinical studies confirming their role in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Allegri
- Pain Therapy Service, Policlinico Monza, Monza, Italy.,Italian Pain Group, Monza-Brianza, Italy
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26
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Choy O, Raine A. Vitamin D sufficiency attenuates the effect of early social adversity on child antisocial behavior. Psychol Med 2021; 52:1-10. [PMID: 33762031 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D insufficiency and child antisocial behavior are public health concerns. It is unknown whether vitamin D plays a role in antisocial outcomes. This study examines whether higher levels of vitamin D can act as a protective factor against antisocial behavior for children who are exposed to early social adversity. METHODS In a community sample of 300 children aged 11-12 years (151 females, 149 males), serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were assessed alongside early social adversity, and both parent and child-reported antisocial behavior. RESULTS Vitamin D moderated the association between early social adversity and multiple antisocial outcomes. Higher social adversity was associated with greater antisocial behavior among vitamin D-insufficient [25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL], but not vitamin D-sufficient children [25(OH)D ⩾ 30 ng/mL], after adjusting for other variables. Results from child reports of antisocial behavior were replicated with parent reports, providing support for the robustness of the findings. At serum 25(OH)D concentrations above 27.16-30.69 ng/mL (close to 30 ng/mL, the recommended optimal vitamin D level for pediatric populations), the effect of social adversity on antisocial behavior outcomes was nullified. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this study is the first to document that a nutritional factor, vitamin D, can potentially confer resilience to antisocial behavior. Our findings in a pediatric population suggest a possible role of vitamin D supplementation in interventions to reduce antisocial behavior, which may be further investigated in future randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Choy
- Department of Psychology, Nanyang Technological University, 48 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639818, Singapore
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, McNeil Building, 3718 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
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Food for Special Medical Purposes and Nutraceuticals for Pain: A Narrative Review. Pain Ther 2021; 10:225-242. [PMID: 33594594 PMCID: PMC8119521 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-021-00239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present paper focuses on the possible contribution of food compounds to alleviate symptomatic pains. Chronic pain can more easily be linked to anticipatory signals such as thirst and hunger than it is to sensory perceptions as its chronicity makes it fall under the behavioural category rather than it does senses. In fact, pain often negatively affects one’s normal feeding behavioural patterns, both directly and indirectly, as it is associated with pain or because of its prostrating effects. Nutritional Compounds for Pain Several nutraceuticals and Foods for Special Medical Purposes (FSMPs) are reported to have significant pain relief efficacy with multiple antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Apart from the aforementioned properties, amino acids, fatty acids, trace elements and vitamins may have a role in the modulation of pain signals to and within the nervous system. Conclusion In our opinion, this review could be of great interest to clinicians, as it offers a complementary perspective in the management of pain. Trials with well-defined patient and symptoms selection and a robust pharmacological design are pivotal points to let these promising compounds become better accepted by the medical community.
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28
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Kaul S, Manikinda J. Role of Vitamin D in Cerebrovascular Disease. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2021; 24:142-145. [PMID: 34220055 PMCID: PMC8232472 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_928_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vitamin D deficiency is now a well-recognized public health problem affecting almost every second person throughout the world. Recent evidence from many population-based studies has indicated that a poor vitamin D status is a predictor of future strokes. Materials and Methods We reviewed recent studies on 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and symptomatic ischemic stroke. A graded increase in the risk of symptomatic ischemic stroke with decreasing levels of plasma 25(OH)D has been found in most of the studies. Vitamin D also has a role in the poststroke period where its deficiency may hinder the rehabilitation process. Conclusions After reviewing current literature on the subject, we conclude that there are some data to suggest the role of vitamin D in patients with stroke but it cannot be concluded as a risk factor for stroke. Larger population-based studies are needed to confirm the causative role of vitamin D in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Kaul
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Jayasree Manikinda
- Department of Neurology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
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Abstract
Despite the overwhelming prevalence of anxiety disorders in modern society, medications and psychotherapy often fail to achieve complete symptom resolution. A complementary approach to medicating symptoms is to address the underlying metabolic pathologies associated with mental illnesses and anxiety. This may be achieved through nutritional interventions. In this perspectives piece, we highlight the roles of the microbiome and inflammation as influencers of anxiety. We further discuss the evidence base for six specific nutritional interventions: avoiding artificial sweeteners and gluten, including omega-3 fatty acids and turmeric in the diet, supplementation with vitamin D, and ketogenic diets. We attempt to integrate insights from the nutrition science-literature in order to highlight some practices that practitioners may consider when treating individual patients. Notably, this piece is not meant to serve as a comprehensive review of the literature, but rather argue our perspective that nutritional interventions should be more widely considered among clinical psychiatrists. Nutritional psychiatry is in its infancy and more research is needed in this burgeoning low-risk and potentially high-yield field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Norwitz
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Uma Naidoo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Nutrition and Lifestyle Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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30
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Sahasrabudhe N, Lee JS, Scott TM, Punnett L, Tucker KL, Palacios N. Serum Vitamin D and Depressive Symptomatology among Boston-Area Puerto Ricans. J Nutr 2020; 150:3231-3240. [PMID: 33025014 PMCID: PMC7726122 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low vitamin D status, assessed using serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration, has been associated with depression, but research among minority populations, such as Puerto Ricans is limited. We examined the association between serum 25(OH)D and self-reported depressive symptomatology across 3 waves of follow-up in a cohort of Puerto Rican adults residing in Massachusetts. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum 25(OH)D and self-reported depressive symptoms in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) cohort. METHODS Participants of the BPRHS were evaluated for depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Serum 25(OH)D was measured at baseline (n = 1434), year 2 (n = 1218), and year 5 (n = 914). We categorized serum 25(OH)D concentration as sufficient (≥20 ng/mL), insufficient (12 to <20 ng/mL), and deficient (<12 ng/mL). Multivariable linear regression was used for cross-sectional analyses at baseline, and repeated measures mixed effects modeling was used over 3 waves of follow-up for longitudinal analyses. We conducted sensitivity analyses in vitamin D supplement nonusers and participants with complete data on baseline serum 25(OH)D and CES-D at all 3 visits. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with CES-D score in cross-sectional analysis [β = -0.85; 95% CI: -2.80, 1.10 for deficient compared with sufficient 25(OH)D; P-trend = 0.59] or in longitudinal analyses over 5 y [β = -0.41; 95% CI: -1.95, 1.13 for deficient compared with sufficient 25(OH)D; P-trend = 0.93]. Results were similar in sensitivity analyses restricted to vitamin D supplement nonusers (n = 1371) and in analyses conducted in participants with complete measures of baseline serum 25(OH)D and CES-D score at all 3 visits (n = 887) [β = -0.12; 95% CI: -1.98, 1.74 for deficient compared with sufficient 25(OH)D; P-trend = 0.93]. CONCLUSIONS We did not observe a significant association between serum 25(OH)D and depressive symptomatology in the BPRHS cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sahasrabudhe
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Jong Soo Lee
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford, MA, USA
| | - Tammy M Scott
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Palacios
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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31
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Behairy OG, Abo Amer ARA, Mansour AI, Mohamed KI. Association between vitamin D status and depression in children with chronic liver disease. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-020-00042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Deficiency of vitamin D and depression are commonly occurring in patients with chronic liver diseases. This study aimed to determine the association between 25-OH-vitamin D status and depressive symptoms among children with chronic liver diseases. Eighty children were enrolled and divided into 2 groups: the patients’ group (60 children with chronic hepatitis) and the control group (20 healthy children). All children have been analyzed for their clinical, biochemical features, histological profile, serum 25-OH-vitamin D levels, and assessment of childhood depression using Arabic form based on Kovacs Children’s Depression Inventory.
Results
Serum level of 25(OH) D was significantly lower in the hepatic group than the control group [17 (5–52) ng/ml, 45 (13–95) ng/ml, p = <0001 respectively]. Depression score was significantly higher in the hepatic group as 30% of the control group had mild depression, while 36.7% of the hepatic group had mild depression, 16.7% had moderate depression, and 10% had severe depression. There was a statistically significant difference between children with depressive symptoms and non-depressive symptoms as regards the level of serum vitamin D as it was lower in children with depressive symptoms [median (range) 17 (5–40) ng/ml, 27.5 (8–52) ng/ml, p = 0.04 respectively]. There were statistically significant differences between the serum level of 25(OH) D and depression as it decreases with increasing severity of depression.
Conclusion
Children with chronic liver disease who had depressive symptoms showed significantly lower levels of vitamin D when compared with those without depressive symptoms; also, vitamin D had an inverse correlation with depression scores in these children.
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Rist PM, Buring JE, Cook NR, Manson JE, Rexrode KM. Effect of vitamin D and/or omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on stroke outcomes: A randomized trial. Eur J Neurol 2020; 28:809-815. [PMID: 33131164 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Among stroke patients, low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D predicts poor outcomes. In mice, higher omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid intake diminishes brain damage after stroke. In this study, we tested whether vitamin D or n-3 fatty acids supplementation prior to stroke reduces the risk of functional limitations and physical disability after stroke. METHODS We used data from VITAL (the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL) which randomized middle-aged and older men and women without cardiovascular disease to vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day) and/or marine n-3 fatty acids (1 g/day) and followed them for incident stroke events. Individuals experiencing a non-fatal stroke were mailed questionnaires assessing functional limitations (the physical performance scale adapted from Nagi) and physical disability (the modified Katz Activities of Daily Living and Rosow-Breslau Functional Health scales). We used logistic regression to analyze associations between randomized treatment and limitations on each scale. RESULTS A total of 290 individuals experienced their first stroke during the trial, of whom 197 stroke survivors completed the stroke outcomes questionnaire a median of 1.4 years after diagnosis. We observed no associations between randomized treatment to vitamin D and functional limitations (odds ratio [OR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52, 1.97) or physical disability (Rosow-Breslau scale: OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.50, 1.67; Katz scale: OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.31, 3.42). Those randomized to n-3 fatty acids had a non-significantly lower risk of functional limitations (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.28, 1.09) and physical disability (Rosow-Breslau scale: OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.31, 1.02; Katz sclae: OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.50, 1.67). CONCLUSION Vitamin D or omega-3 fatty acid supplementation prior to stroke did not result in significantly improved post-stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela M Rist
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy R Cook
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease is known as one of the fastest growing lethal diseases worldwide where we have limited and undesired ways for regulating its pathological progress. Now-a-days, nutritional compounds have been using to treat several brain disorders and one of them; vitamins were strongly reported to combat cognition and memory deterioration in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. Objective: Here, the author tried to find the precise physiological roles, status, and worth of vitamins in the brain and how exactly these nutrients modulate progression of Alzheimer's disease. Results & Discussion: After a comprehensive and systematic literature review, the author reports that vitamins have various targets in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by which they act to avert the neuronal dysfunction in the disease. Several Alzheimer's disease-associated neurological deficits have reported regulating by vitamin intake but the beneficial effects identified mostly in combinatorial and long-term studies. Conclusion: In this way, the author suggests that it might be better to test vitamins with other components over single vitamin approach for a compatible and synergistic effect as well as using a combination of vitamin with other compounds can target multiple pathways. This strategy may help in deteriorating memory dysfunction and cognition impairment in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology.Abbreviations: APOE: apolipoprotein E; APP: amyloid precursor protein; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; Aβ- β-amyloid; cGMP: cyclic guanine monophosphate; CNS: central nervous system; DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; IU: international units; RA: retinoic acid; RAR: retinoic acid receptor; RNA: ribonucleic acid; ROS: reactive oxygen species; tHcy: total homocysteine; α: alpha; β: beta; γ: gama; ε: epsilon; g: gram; µ: micron; mg: milligram; ⬆: increased,⬇: decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Alam
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India.,Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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Chouët J, Sacco G, Karras SN, Llewellyn DJ, Sánchez-Rodríguez D, Annweiler C. Vitamin D and Delirium in Older Adults: A Case-Control Study in Geriatric Acute Care Unit. Front Neurol 2020; 11:1034. [PMID: 33071932 PMCID: PMC7533565 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Vitamin D is involved in brain health and function. Our objective was to determine whether the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration was associated with delirium in a case-control study of geriatric inpatients. Methods: Sixty cases with delirium (mean ± SD, 84.8 ± 5.7years; 58.3% female) and 180 age- and gender-matched controls were enrolled in a geriatric acute care unit between 2012 and 2014. The diagnosis of delirium was made using the Confusion Assessment Method. Hypovitaminosis D was defined using consecutively the consensual threshold value of 50 nmol/L and a threshold value calculated from a sensitivity-specificity analysis. Age, gender, number of acute diseases, use of psychoactive drugs, season of testing, and serum concentrations of calcium, parathyroid hormone, creatinine, albumin, TSH, vitamin B9 and vitamin B12 were used as potential confounders. Results: The 60 cases with delirium exhibited lower 25OHD concentration than 180 matched controls (35.4 ± 30.0 nmol/L vs. 45.9 ± 34.5 nmol/L, p = 0.035). Increased 25OHD concentration was associated with a decrease in delirium prevalence (OR = 0.99 [95CI: 0.98–0.99] per nmol/L of 25OHD, p = 0.038). The concentration distinguishing between cases and controls with the best sensitivity-specificity was found between 29.5 and 30.5 nmol/L. The regression models showed that delirium was associated with hypovitaminosis D defined either as 25OHD ≤ 50 nmol/L (OR = 2.37 [95CI: 1.07–5.25], p = 0.034) or as 25OHD ≤ 30 nmol/L (OR = 2.66 [95 CI: 1.30–5.45], p = 0.008). Conclusions: Decreased serum 25OHD concentrations were associated with delirium among acute geriatric inpatients. The threshold concentration to differentiate between cases and controls was around 30 nmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Chouët
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Cholet Hospital, Cholet, France.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Sacco
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,UPRES EA 4638 and Health Faculty, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Spyridon N Karras
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Dolores Sánchez-Rodríguez
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,UPRES EA 4638 and Health Faculty, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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Alaylıoğlu M, Dursun E, Genç G, Şengül B, Bilgiç B, Gündüz A, Apaydın H, Kızıltan G, Gürvit H, Hanağası H, Öztop Çakmak Ö, Ertan S, Yılmazer S, Gezen-Ak D. Genetic variants of vitamin D metabolism-related DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and CYP2R1 gene are associated with clinical features of Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:439-449. [PMID: 32938288 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1820502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM OF THE STUDY Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Vitamin D deficiency is suggested to be related to PD. A genome-wide association study indicated that genes involved in vitamin D metabolism affect vitamin D levels. Among these genes, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP/GC) genes have also been demonstrated to be associated with PD risk. Our aim was to investigate the relevance of SNPs within the 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase 1 (DHCR7/NADSYN1) locus and vitamin D 25-hydroxylase (CYP2R1) gene, which encode important enzymes that play a role in the vitamin D synthesis pathway, with PD and its clinical features. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotypes of 382 PD patients and 240 cognitively healthy individuals were evaluated by a LightSNiP assay for a total of 10 SNPs within the DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and CYP2R1 gene. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the allele and genotype distributions of any of the SNPs between any patient groups and healthy subjects. However, our results indicated that all of the SNPs within the DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and CYP2R1 gene, except rs1993116, were associated with clinical motor features of PD including initial predominant symptom, freezing of gait (FoG) and falls as well as disease stage and duration of the disease. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, genetic variants of the DHCR7/NADSYN1 locus and the CYP2R1 gene might be related to the inefficient utilization of vitamin D independent from vitamin D levels, and it might result in differences in the clinical features of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Alaylıoğlu
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Dursun
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gençer Genç
- Department of Neurology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Büşra Şengül
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Başar Bilgiç
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Gündüz
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hülya Apaydın
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Güneş Kızıltan
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Gürvit
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haşmet Hanağası
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selma Yılmazer
- Department of Medical Biology, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Gezen-Ak
- Brain and Neurodegenerative Disorders Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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36
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Relationship between suicidal patients and vitamin D: A prospective case-control study. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.727963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Low Vitamin D Levels and Frailty Status in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082286. [PMID: 32751730 PMCID: PMC7469050 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum vitamin D deficiency is widespread among older adults and is a potential modifiable risk factor for frailty. Moreover, frailty has been suggested as an intermediate step in the association between low levels of vitamin D and mortality. Hence, we conducted a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to test the possible association of low concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), a marker of vitamin D status, with frailty in later life. We reviewed cross-sectional or longitudinal studies evaluating populations of older adults and identifying frailty by a currently validated scale. Meta-analyses were restricted to cross-sectional data from studies using Fried’s phenotype to identify frailty. Twenty-six studies were considered in the qualitative synthesis, and thirteen studies were included in the meta-analyses. Quantitative analyses showed significant differences in the comparisons of frail (standardized mean difference (SMD)—1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−2.47, −0.15), p = 0.0271) and pre-frail (SMD—0.79, 95% CI (−1.58, −0.003), p = 0.0491) subjects vs. non-frail subjects. Sensitivity analyses reduced heterogeneity, resulting in a smaller but still highly significant between-groups difference. Results obtained indicate that lower 25(OH)D levels are significantly associated with increasing frailty severity. Future challenges include interventional studies testing the possible benefits of vitamin D supplementation in older adults to prevent/palliate frailty and its associated outcomes.
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Jegede O, Gayam V, Gunasekara R, Tiongson B, Ishola A, Sidhu J, Virk J, Virk I, Ahmed S, Ojo O, Ojimba C, Ogunlesi C, Olupona T. Patterns of Vitamin D Deficiency in a Community Outpatient Psychiatric Practice: a Real-World Evaluation of Treatment Gaps. Psychiatr Q 2020; 91:561-570. [PMID: 32086668 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-020-09720-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is traditionally recognized for its role in bone mineralization but recent observations suggest additional pertinent functions in neuronal biology. The present study examines the rate and pattern of Vitamin D deficiency in the outpatient mental health clinic of a community teaching hospital as well as the vitamin D supplementation practices of outpatient psychiatrists. Participants include 148 consecutive psychiatric outpatients. Individuals with conditions that alter the metabolism of vitamin D were excluded from the study as are those who may be taking medications that influence Vitamin D metabolism. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 25th edition, statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The majority of patients in the study were between 41 and 65 years old (n = 91, 61.5%), African American (n = 120, 81.1%) and female (n = 80, 54.1%). The median level is 23.7 ng/ml. As defined by the Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guidelines, 68.2% of the population had insufficient and deficient Vitamin D levels (32.4% and 35.8% respectively), 62.4% of whom were not prescribed any Vitamin D supplementation and of this untreated group, 84% were African Americans. No clinical or demographic characteristics showed any statistical difference in both the "treated" and "not treated groups". Logistic regression did not reveal any significant predictors for Vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency remains a significant issue among patients with psychiatric disorders. Our findings show gaps in Vitamin D deficiency treatment and recommend that future studies examine physician prescription practices in light of the racial disparity in Vitamin D deficiency treatment oberved in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwole Jegede
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA.
| | - Vijay Gayam
- Department of Medicine, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Ravindi Gunasekara
- Medical University of the Americas, P.O. Box 701, Charlestown, Nevis, WI, USA
| | - Benjamin Tiongson
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA
| | - Adenike Ishola
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA
| | - Jasdeep Sidhu
- Department of Medicine, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jeevanjot Virk
- Department of Medicine, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Inderpreet Virk
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA
| | - Saad Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA
| | - Olawale Ojo
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA
| | - Chiedozie Ojimba
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA
| | - Christiana Ogunlesi
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA
| | - Tolu Olupona
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11213, USA
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Cheng YC, Huang YC, Huang WL. The effect of vitamin D supplement on negative emotions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Depress Anxiety 2020; 37:549-564. [PMID: 32365423 DOI: 10.1002/da.23025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The several meta-analyses of the effect of vitamin D on depression have produced inconsistent results and studies dealing with anxiety were not incorporated. There has been no comprehensive analysis of how results are affected by the nature of the sample or the dosage and duration of supplementation. The study is aimed to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation reduces negative emotions and to analyze the possible influence of sample and regimen. METHOD We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of vitamin D and placebo on negative emotion. Databases were searched for relevant articles published before February 2019. RESULTS The analysis covered 25 trials with a total of 7,534 participants and revealed an effect of vitamin D on negative emotion (Hedges' g = -0.4990, 95% CI [-0.8453, -0.1528], p = .0047, I2 = 97.7%). Subgroup analysis showed that vitamin D had an effect on patients with major depressive disorder and on subjects with serum 25(OH)D levels ≤50 nmol/L. The pooled data from trials of vitamin D supplementation lasting ≥8 weeks and dosage ≤4,000 IU/day indicated that vitamin D had an effect. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation can reduce negative emotions. Patients with major depressive disorder and individuals with vitamin D deficiency are most likely to benefit from supplementation. But to interpret the results with high heterogeneity should still be cautious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chih Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Taoyuan Psychiatric Centre, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center of Big Data and Meta-analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Research Center of Big Data and Meta-analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lieh Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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40
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Bigman G. Age-related Smell and Taste Impairments and Vitamin D Associations in the U.S. Adults National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040984. [PMID: 32252288 PMCID: PMC7230220 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Smell and taste decline with aging, and markedly deteriorate when nutritional deficiencies occur. This study aims to examine the associations between Vitamin D (VD) deficiency and smell and taste impairments among adults. This paper details a cross-sectional study utilizing data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013–2014.). Smell impairment was assessed by the Pocket Smell Test and defined as failing to correctly identify six or more of the eight odors. Taste impairment was defined as failing to correctly identify quinine or sodium chloride. VD was measured as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin. Multivariable weighted logistic regressions were utilized. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were presented. Overall, 2216 (smell sample) and 2636 (taste sample) participants were included, aged between 40 and 80 years old. Of those, 18.3% had taste impairment, 12.2% had smell impairment, and 20% had VD deficiency (<20 ng/mL). Compared to participants with sufficient VD (>30 ng/mL), those with VD deficiency were more likely by 39% to report a higher prevalence of smell impairment (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.02–1.89); and only participants aged 70–80 years with VD inadequacy (20–30 ng/mL) were more likely by 96% to report a higher prevalence of taste impairment (OR = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.35–1.85). VD may have a significant role in age-related smell impairment in adults aged 40 years or older, and in age-related taste impairment in the elderly aged 70–80 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galya Bigman
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore City, MD 21201, USA
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Morello M, Pieri M, Zenobi R, Talamo A, Stephan D, Landel V, Féron F, Millet P. The Influence of Vitamin D on Neurodegeneration and Neurological Disorders: A Rationale for its Physio-pathological Actions. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2475-2491. [PMID: 32175837 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200316145725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone implicated in the regulation of neuronal integrity and many brain functions. Its influence, as a nutrient and a hormone, on the physiopathology of the most common neurodegenerative diseases is continuously emphasized by new studies. This review addresses what is currently known about the action of vitamin D on the nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Further vitamin D research is necessary to understand how the action of this "neuroactive" steroid can help to optimize the prevention and treatment of several neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morello
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" and University Hospital of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" and University Hospital of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Zenobi
- Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" and University Hospital of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Talamo
- Psychiatric Clinic, University Hospital of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Delphine Stephan
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051, Marseille, France
| | - Verena Landel
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051, Marseille, France
| | - François Féron
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Millet
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INP, UMR 7051, Marseille, France.,Association UNIVI (Agirc-Arrco), 75010 Paris, France.,Hôpital Gériatrique les Magnolias, Ballainvilliers, France
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42
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In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activity of Vitamin D3 in Malignant Gliomas: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.94542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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ALdaoseri HA, Zubairi MB. Vitamin D deficiency and treatment in Iraqi patients with primary fibromyalgia syndrome. THE EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Gomez-Pinedo U, Cuevas JA, Benito-Martín MS, Moreno-Jiménez L, Esteban-Garcia N, Torre-Fuentes L, Matías-Guiu JA, Pytel V, Montero P, Matías-Guiu J. Vitamin D increases remyelination by promoting oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01498. [PMID: 31837111 PMCID: PMC6955836 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several experimental studies have suggested the potential remyelinating effects of vitamin D (VitD) supplements regardless of the presence of VitD deficiency. This study aims to analyze neurogenesis in a model of toxic demyelination in order to evaluate the effects of VitD on demyelination and remyelination. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used 24 male Wistar rats that had received surgical lesions to the corpus callosum and were injected with lysolecithin. Rats were divided into three groups: Group 1 included eight rats with lesions to the corpus callosum but not lysolecithin injections (sham group), group 2 included eight rats with lesions to the corpus callosum that were injected with lysolecithin (lysolecithin group), and group 3 included eight rats with lesions that were injected with lysolecithin and received VitD (VitD group). We analyzed neurogenesis both in the subventricular zone and at the lesion site. RESULTS Administration of VitD promotes the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone and the migration of these cells to the lesion site in the corpus callosum; these cells subsequently differentiate into oligodendrocyte lineage cells and produce myelin basic protein. This phenomenon was not caused by microglial activation, which was less marked in rats receiving VitD. Megalin expression did not increase at the lesion site, which suggests that VitD is internalized by other mechanisms. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that regardless of the presence of VitD deficiency, treatment with VitD may contribute to remyelination by promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Gomez-Pinedo
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Adriel Cuevas
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Soledad Benito-Martín
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Moreno-Jiménez
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Esteban-Garcia
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Torre-Fuentes
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi A Matías-Guiu
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Pytel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Montero
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Matías-Guiu
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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45
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Gambino CM, Sasso BL, Bivona G, Agnello L, Ciaccio M. Aging and Neuroinflammatory Disorders: New Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:4168-4174. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191112093034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
:
Chronic neuroinflammation is a common feature of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in various
neurodegenerative age-associated disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease,
and dementia.
:
In particular, persistent low-grade inflammation may disrupt the brain endothelial barrier and cause a significant
increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells into the cerebral tissue that, in turn, leads to microglia
dysfunction and loss of neuroprotective properties.
:
Nowadays, growing evidence highlights a strong association between persistent peripheral inflammation, as well
as metabolic alterations, and neurodegenerative disorder susceptibility. The identification of common pathways
involved in the development of these diseases, which modulate the signalling and immune response, is an important
goal of ongoing research.
:
The aim of this review is to elucidate which inflammation-related molecules are robustly associated with the risk
of neurodegenerative diseases. Of note, peripheral biomarkers may represent direct measures of pathophysiologic
processes common of aging and neuroinflammatory processes. In addition, molecular changes associated with the
neurodegenerative process might be present many decades before the disease onset. Therefore, the identification
of a comprehensive markers panel, closely related to neuroinflammation, could be helpful for the early diagnosis,
and the identification of therapeutic targets to counteract the underlying chronic inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina M. Gambino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Bivona
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Agnello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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46
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Rodrigues MV, Gutierres JM, Carvalho F, Lopes TF, Antunes V, da Costa P, Pereira ME, Schetinger MRC, Morsch VM, de Andrade CM. Protection of cholinergic and antioxidant system contributes to the effect of Vitamin D 3 ameliorating memory dysfunction in sporadic dementia of Alzheimer's type. Redox Rep 2019; 24:34-40. [PMID: 31100998 PMCID: PMC6748631 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2019.1617514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate Vitamin D3 (VD3) effect on the Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), oxidative damage and behavioral tests in animals subjected to Intracerebroventicular injection of Streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) simulating a Sporadic Dementia of Alzheimer's Type (SDAT) and treated with VD3 (21 days). METHODS Animals were divided into eight groups: Vehicle, VD12.5 μg/kg, VD42 μg/kg, VD125 μg/kg, STZ, STZ+VD12.5 μg/kg, STZ+VD42 μg/kg, STZ+VD125 μg/kg. RESULTS VD3 prevented the increase in AChE in groups of VD42 µg/kg and VD125 µg/kg; in AChE of synaptossomes and TBARS levels prevented the increase in group VD125 µg/kg; in ROS levels there was not a significant difference; for the Carbonyl Content all doses prevented the increase. Total Thiols prevent the decrease in VD42 µg/kg and VD125 µg/kg, and Reduced Glutathione prevented the decrease in VD125 µg/kg, Oxidized Glutathione prevented the increase in VD125 µg/kg. In relation to behavioral tests, the VD3 prevented the increase in time to find (days 2 and 3), in the time to find the platform (day 3) and in time spent in the quadrant (day 2). However, in relation to crossings there was not difference in groups. These results indicated the therapeutic effect of the VD3 in model of STZ in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Valvassori Rodrigues
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jessié Martins Gutierres
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Carvalho
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thauan Faccin Lopes
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vitor Antunes
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Pauline da Costa
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maria Estér Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Vera M. Morsch
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Departamento de Pequenos animais, Hospital Vetrinário, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Shih EJ, Lee WJ, Hsu JL, Wang SJ, Fuh JL. Effect of vitamin D on cognitive function and white matter hyperintensity in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 20:52-58. [PMID: 31773862 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the effect of vitamin D level on cognitive function and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS We recruited patients with mild AD, and carried out clinical interviews, neuropsychological assessments, laboratory tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS In total, 146 patients with mild AD (68 men, 78 women; mean age 79.1 ± 7.0 years; mean education 10.2 ± 4.3 years) were enlisted. The mean Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was 21.0 ± 3.8. The 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D) level was correlated negatively with the WMH volume (β = -0.219, P = 0.004) after adjusting for age, sex, years of education, apolipoprotein ε4 allele status, seasons of blood sampling, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease and total brain volume. The 25(OH)D level was correlated positively with the MMSE score (β = 0.309, P < 0.001) after adjusting for the same covariates. Multivariate regression analysis with the MMSE score serving as the dependent variable and adjustment for covariates showed that the 25(OH)D level was an independent predictor of the MMSE score (β = 0.322, P < 0.001), but the WMH volume was not (β = 0.056, P = 0.587). These findings suggest that WMH has no mediation effect between the 25(OH)D level and the MMSE score. CONCLUSIONS Reduced plasma 25(OH)D levels were associated with low MMSE scores in patients with mild AD, but the underlying mechanism is not attributable to WMH. Thus, it suggested that the presence of another pathomechanism exists. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 52-58.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Jie Shih
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Dementia and Parkinson's Disease Integrated Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Lung Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Neurology, Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Neurology, Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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48
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Ferri E, Casati M, Cesari M, Vitale G, Arosio B. Vitamin D in physiological and pathological aging: Lesson from centenarians. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2019; 20:273-282. [PMID: 31654261 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-019-09522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone that exerts a pleiotropic action on a wide spectrum of tissues, apparatuses and systems. Thus, vitamin D has assumed an increasingly dominant role as a key determinant of biological mechanisms and specific clinical conditions. Older people frequently present vitamin D deficiency, a status potentially influencing several mechanisms responsible for different age-related diseases. Centenarians symbolize the ideal model for investigating the peculiar traits of longevity, as they have reached an age close to the estimated limit of the human lifespan. Interestingly, despite the profound heterogeneity of centenarians in terms of health status, all these people share the same condition of severe vitamin D deficiency, suggesting that they may have implemented a number of adaptive strategies to cope with the age-related physiological derangement of vitamin D metabolism. The lesson deriving from centenarians' experience suggests that: i) severe vitamin D deficiency does not preclude the possibility of reaching extreme longevity, ii) strategies to prevent hypovitaminosis D may be useful to slow down the processes of "fragilization" occurring in aged people, iii) beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation need to be confirmed regarding longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Ferri
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Casati
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratorio Sperimentale di Ricerche di Neuroendocrinologia Geriatrica ed Oncologica, Milan, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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49
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Vitamin D Supplementation and Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061295. [PMID: 31181657 PMCID: PMC6628052 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Low vitamin D levels are associated with poorer outcomes after stroke. However, it is not clear whether post-stroke vitamin D supplementation can improve these outcomes. In this study, we investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on outcomes in hospitalized patients undergoing rehabilitation after acute stroke. A multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel-group trial was conducted from January 2012 through July 2017. One hundred patients admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward after having an acute stroke were randomized, and each one received either vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day) or a placebo. The primary outcome was a gain in the Barthel Index scores at week 8. Secondary outcomes were seen in Barthel Index efficiency, hand grip strength, and calf circumference at week 8. Ninety-seven patients completed the study. There were no significant differences in the demographic characteristics between the groups. The mean (±standard deviation) gain in the Barthel Index score was 19.0 ± 14.8 in the supplementation group and 19.5 ± 13.1 in the placebo group (p = 0.88). The Barthel Index efficiency was 0.32 ± 0.31 in the supplementation group and 0.28 ± 0.21 in the placebo group (p = 0.38). There were no between-group differences in the other secondary outcomes. Our findings suggest that oral vitamin D3 supplementation does not improve rehabilitation outcomes after acute stroke.
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50
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Faye PA, Poumeaud F, Miressi F, Lia AS, Demiot C, Magy L, Favreau F, Sturtz FG. Focus on 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the Peripheral Nervous System. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:348. [PMID: 31031586 PMCID: PMC6474301 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we draw attention to the roles of calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) in the trophicity of the peripheral nervous system. Calcitriol has long been known to be crucial in phosphocalcium homeostasis. However, recent discoveries concerning its involvement in the immune system, anti-cancer defenses, and central nervous system development suggest a more pleiotropic role than previously thought. Several studies have highlighted the impact of calcitriol deficiency as a promoting factor of various central neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Based on these findings and recent publications, a greater role for calcitriol may be envisioned in the peripheral nervous system. Indeed, calcitriol is involved in myelination, axonal homogeneity of peripheral nerves, and neuronal-cell differentiation. This may have useful clinical consequences, as calcitriol supplementation may be a simple means to avoid the onset and/or development of peripheral nervous-system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Antoine Faye
- EA 6309, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - François Poumeaud
- EA 6309, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Federica Miressi
- EA 6309, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Anne Sophie Lia
- EA 6309, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Claire Demiot
- EA 6309, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Laurent Magy
- CHU de Limoges, Reference Center for Rare Peripheral Neuropathies, Department of Neurology, Limoges, France
| | - Frédéric Favreau
- EA 6309, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Franck G Sturtz
- EA 6309, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies, Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
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