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Yu TH, Bai D, Liu K, Zhang WH, Chen XZ, Hu JK. Helicobacter pylori eradication following endoscopic resection might prevent metachronous gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from Japan and Korea. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1393498. [PMID: 39286646 PMCID: PMC11402824 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1393498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the preventive effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori eradication against metachronous gastric cancer (MGC) or dysplasia following endoscopic resection (ER) for early gastric cancer (EGC) or dysplasia. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched until 31 October 2023, and randomized controlled trials or cohort studies were peer-reviewed. The incidence of metachronous gastric lesions (MGLs) including MGC or dysplasia was compared between Helicobacter pylori persistent and negative groups, eradicated and negative groups, and eradicated and persistent groups. Results Totally, 21 eligible studies including 82,256 observations were analyzed. Compared to those never infected, Helicobacter pylori persistent group (RR = 1.58, 95% CI = 0.98-2.53) trended to have a higher risk of MGLs and significantly in partial subgroups, while the post-ER eradicated group (RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.43-1.45) did not increase the risk of MGLs. Moreover, successful post-ER eradication could significantly decrease the risk of MGLs (RR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.44-0.65) compared to those persistently infected. Sensitivity analysis obtained generally consistent results, and no significant publication bias was found. Conclusion The persistent Helicobacter pylori infection trends to increase the post-ER incidence of MGC or dysplasia, but post-ER eradication can decrease the risk correspondingly. Post-ER screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori have preventive effectiveness on MGC, and the protocol should be recommended to all the post-ER patients.Systematic review registration: The PROSPERO registration identification was CRD42024512101.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hang Yu
- Gastric Cancer Center & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Bai
- Department of Day Surgery, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Gastric Cancer Center & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Han Zhang
- Gastric Cancer Center & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Gastric Cancer Center & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Ya'an Cancer Prevention and Control Center, Ya'an People's Hospital - West China Ya'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Ya'an, China
- Ya'an Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine, Ya'an People's Hospital - West China Ya'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Ya'an, China
| | - Jian-Kun Hu
- Gastric Cancer Center & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Wang R, Chen XZ. Comment on "Infectious pathogens and risk of esophageal, gastric and duodenal cancers and ulcers in China: A case-cohort study". Int J Cancer 2024; 155:184-185. [PMID: 38396338 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nursing Section, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Gastric Cancer Center & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ya'an Cancer Prevention and Control Center, Ya'an People's Hospital - West China Ya'an Hospital, Sichuan University, Ya'an, China
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3
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Polz A, Morshed K, Drop B, Polz-Dacewicz M. Serum NF-κB in Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Oropharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnostic Usability. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2328. [PMID: 39001390 PMCID: PMC11240430 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and effective therapy are the fundamental challenge for modern oncology. Hence, many researchers focus on the search for new or improved biomarkers. Due to the great importance of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in physiological and pathological processes, we focused on assessing its usefulness as a biomarker in OPSCC. The purpose of the research presented here was to evaluate the prevalence and the level of NF-κB in the serum of OPSCC patients (ELISA). Serum NF-κB levels were also assessed depending on the degree of histological differentiation of the tumor and TN classification. Additionally, we considered the existence of a correlation between the concentration of NF-κB and EBV antibody titers, viral load and selected MMPs-MMP3 and MMP9. Taken together, the obtained results demonstrated that NF-κB level was significantly higher among patients with EBV-related OPSCC than among those without EBV. In addition, the level of NF-κB was significantly higher in more advanced clinical stages. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the concentration of NF-κB and the level of selected EBV antibodies, viral load and both tested MMPs. The diagnostic accuracy of NF-κB was confirmed by ROC analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamal Morshed
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Casemiro Pulaski Radom University, 26-600 Radom, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Drop
- Department of Computer Science and Medical Statistics with the e-Health Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhou F, Zhang MY, Feng LN, Guan JL, Dong RN, Huang YJ, Xia SH, Liao JZ, Zhao K. N6-methyladenosine methylation regulates the tumor microenvironment of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2543-2558. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification exists in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) primary infection, latency, and lytic reactivation. It also modifies EBV latent genes and lytic genes. EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is a distinctive molecular subtype of GC. We hypothesized EBV and m6A methylation regulators interact with each other in EBVaGC to differentiate it from other types of GC.
AIM To investigate the mechanisms of m6A methylation regulators in EBVaGC to determine the differentiating factors from other types of GC.
METHODS First, The Cancer Gene Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases were used to analyze the expression pattern of m6A methylation regulators between EBVaGC and EBV-negative GC (EBVnGC). Second, we identified Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment of m6A-related differentially expressed genes. We quantified the relative abundance of immune cells and inflammatory factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Finally, cell counting kit-8 cell proliferation test, transwell test, and flow cytometry were used to verify the effect of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) in EBVaGC cell lines.
RESULTS m6A methylation regulators were involved in the occurrence and development of EBVaGC. Compared with EBVnGC, the expression levels of m6A methylation regulators Wilms tumor 1-associated protein, RNA binding motif protein 15B, CBL proto-oncogene like 1, leucine rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1, IGFBP1, and insulin-like growth factor 2 binding protein 1 were significantly downregulated in EBVaGC (P < 0.05). The overall survival rate of EBVaGC patients with a lower expression level of IGFBP1 was significantly higher (P = 0.046). GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses showed that the immunity pathways were significantly activated and rich in immune cell infiltration in EBVaGC. Compared with EBVnGC, the infiltration of activated CD4+ T cells, activated CD8+ T cells, monocytes, activated dendritic cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were significantly upregulated in EBVaGC (P < 0.001). In EBVaGC, the expression level of proinflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-17, IL-21, and interferon-γ and immunosuppressive factor IL-10 were significantly increased (P < 0.05). In vitro experiments demonstrated that the expression level of IGFBP1 was significantly lower in an EBVaGC cell line (SNU719) than in an EBVnGC cell line (AGS) (P < 0.05). IGFBP1 overexpression significantly attenuated proliferation and migration and promoted the apoptosis levels in SNU719. Interfering IGFBP1 significantly promoted proliferation and migration and attenuated the apoptosis levels in AGS.
CONCLUSION m6A regulators could remodel the TME of EBVaGC, which is classified as an immune-inflamed phenotype and referred to as a “hot” tumor. Among these regulators, we demonstrated that IGFBP1 affected proliferation, migration, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ming-Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Li-Na Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia-Lun Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu-Jie Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Su-Hong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia-Zhi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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5
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Zhang Y, Zhou F, Zhang MY, Feng LN, Guan JL, Dong RN, Huang YJ, Xia SH, Liao JZ, Zhao K. N6-methyladenosine methylation regulates the tumor microenvironment of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2555-2570. [PMID: 38994134 PMCID: PMC11236235 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation modification exists in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) primary infection, latency, and lytic reactivation. It also modifies EBV latent genes and lytic genes. EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is a distinctive molecular subtype of GC. We hypothesized EBV and m6A methylation regulators interact with each other in EBVaGC to differentiate it from other types of GC. AIM To investigate the mechanisms of m6A methylation regulators in EBVaGC to determine the differentiating factors from other types of GC. METHODS First, The Cancer Gene Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases were used to analyze the expression pattern of m6A methylation regulators between EBVaGC and EBV-negative GC (EBVnGC). Second, we identified Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment of m6A-related differentially expressed genes. We quantified the relative abundance of immune cells and inflammatory factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Finally, cell counting kit-8 cell proliferation test, transwell test, and flow cytometry were used to verify the effect of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) in EBVaGC cell lines. RESULTS m6A methylation regulators were involved in the occurrence and development of EBVaGC. Compared with EBVnGC, the expression levels of m6A methylation regulators Wilms tumor 1-associated protein, RNA binding motif protein 15B, CBL proto-oncogene like 1, leucine rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1, IGFBP1, and insulin-like growth factor 2 binding protein 1 were significantly downregulated in EBVaGC (P < 0.05). The overall survival rate of EBVaGC patients with a lower expression level of IGFBP1 was significantly higher (P = 0.046). GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses showed that the immunity pathways were significantly activated and rich in immune cell infiltration in EBVaGC. Compared with EBVnGC, the infiltration of activated CD4+ T cells, activated CD8+ T cells, monocytes, activated dendritic cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were significantly upregulated in EBVaGC (P < 0.001). In EBVaGC, the expression level of proinflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-17, IL-21, and interferon-γ and immunosuppressive factor IL-10 were significantly increased (P < 0.05). In vitro experiments demonstrated that the expression level of IGFBP1 was significantly lower in an EBVaGC cell line (SNU719) than in an EBVnGC cell line (AGS) (P < 0.05). IGFBP1 overexpression significantly attenuated proliferation and migration and promoted the apoptosis levels in SNU719. Interfering IGFBP1 significantly promoted proliferation and migration and attenuated the apoptosis levels in AGS. CONCLUSION m6A regulators could remodel the TME of EBVaGC, which is classified as an immune-inflamed phenotype and referred to as a "hot" tumor. Among these regulators, we demonstrated that IGFBP1 affected proliferation, migration, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ming-Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Li-Na Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia-Lun Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu-Jie Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Su-Hong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia-Zhi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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6
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Abolhasani M, Mohseni AO, Shakeri R, Khavanin A, Khajehei M, Omidi A, Geramizadeh B, Shafigh E, Naghshvar F, Fathizadeh P, Taghizadehgan L, Gharib A, Gulley ML, Dawsey SM, Malekzadeh R, Rabkin CS, Vasei M. EBV-Associated Gastric Cancer; An In Situ Hybridization Assay on Tissue Microarray: A Multi-Region Study from Four Major Provinces of Iran. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2024; 27:191-199. [PMID: 38685845 PMCID: PMC11097306 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2024.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. The identification of gastric cancer subtypes related to recognizable microbial agents may play a pivotal role in the targeted prevention and treatment of this cancer. The current study is conducted to define the frequency of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in gastric cancers of four major provinces, with different incidence rates of gastric cancers, in Iran. METHODS Paraffin blocks of 682 cases of various types of gastric cancer from Tehran, South and North areas of Iran were collected. Twelve tissue microarray (TMA) blocks were constructed from these blocks. Localization of EBV in tumors was assessed by in situ hybridization (ISH) for EBV-encoded RNA (EBER). Chi-squared test was used to evaluate the statistical significance between EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) and clinicopathologic tumor characteristics. RESULTS Fourteen out of 682 cases (2.1%) of gastric adenocarcinoma were EBER-positive. EBER was positive in 8 out of 22 (36.4%) of medullary carcinomas and 6 out of 660 (0.9%) of non-medullary type, which was a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The EBVaGCs were more frequent in younger age (P=0.009) and also showed a trend toward the lower stage of the tumor (P=0.075). CONCLUSION EBV-associated gastric adenocarcinoma has a low prevalence in Iran. This finding can be due to epidemiologic differences in risk factors and exposures, and the low number of gastric medullary carcinomas in the population. It may also be related to gastric tumor heterogeneity not detected with the TMA technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abolhasani
- Oncopathology Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ramin Shakeri
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khavanin
- Emergency Medicine Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Khajehei
- Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbasali Omidi
- Department of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Department of Pathology, Transplantation Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ensieh Shafigh
- Department of Pathology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farshad Naghshvar
- Department of Pathology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Payam Fathizadeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Apadana Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Atoosa Gharib
- Department of Pathology, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Margaret L. Gulley
- Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Charles S. Rabkin
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mohammad Vasei
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Dokanei S, Minai‐Tehrani D, Moghoofei M, Rostamian M. Investigating the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus infection and gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1976. [PMID: 38505684 PMCID: PMC10948593 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Gastric cancer (GC) is a common cancer type worldwide, and various factors can be involved in its occurrence. One of these factors is Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. In this regard, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to achieve a better understanding of the EBV prevalence in GC samples. Methods English databases were searched and studies that reported the prevalence and etiological factors of EBV related to GC from July 2007 to November 2022 were retrieved. The reported data were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of EBV infection with 95% confidence intervals was calculated. Quality assessment, heterogeneity testing, and publication bias assessment were also performed. The literature search showed 953 studies, of which 87 studies met our inclusion criteria and were used for meta-analysis. Results The pooled prevalence of EBV infection related to GC was estimated to be 9.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.2%-11%) in the general population. The prevalence of EBV infection related to GC by gender was 13.5% (95% CI: 11.1%-16.3%) in males and 7.6% (95% CI: 5.4%-10.6%) in females. No significant differences were observed in terms of geographical region. Out of the 87 studies included in the meta-analysis, the most common diagnostic test was in situ hybridization (58 cases). Conclusions Altogether, the results indicated that EBV infection is one of the important factors in the development of GC. However, this does not necessarily mean that EBV infection directly causes GC since other factors may also be involved in the development of GC. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct extensive epidemiological studies on various aspects of the relationship between this virus and GC, which can provide valuable information for understanding the relationship between EBV and GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Dokanei
- Faculty of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShahid Beheshti University (GC)TehranIran
| | | | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Mosayeb Rostamian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Student Research CommitteeKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
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8
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Kim JH, Kim N, Song DH, Choi Y, Jeon EB, Kim S, Jun YK, Yoon H, Shin CM, Park YS, Lee DH, Oh HJ, Lee HS, Park YS, Ahn SH, Suh YS, Park DJ, Kim HH, Kim JW, Kim JW, Lee KW, Chang W, Park JH, Lee YJ, Lee KH, Kim YH, Ahn S. Sex-dependent different clinicopathological characterization of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma: a large-scale study. Gastric Cancer 2024; 27:221-234. [PMID: 38212543 PMCID: PMC10896815 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-023-01460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) has been reported to account for approximately 5-16% of all GCs with good prognosis compared to EBV-negative GC. We evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of EBVaGC including survival rate in South Korea. METHODS A total of 4,587 patients with GC who underwent EBV in situ hybridization (EBV-ISH) were prospectively enrolled at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from 2003 to 2021. Age, sex, smoking status, cancer type and stage, tumor size and location, histological type, molecular features and survival information were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 456 patients with GC (9.9%) were positive for EBV. The EBVaGC group displayed a higher proportion of males (P < 0.001), a predominant presence in the proximal stomach (P < 0.001), a higher proportion of undifferentiated cancer (P < 0.001), and a lower cancer stage (P = 0.004) than the EBV-negative group. Cox multivariate analyses revealed age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.025, P < 0.001), tumor size (HR = 1.109, P < 0.001), and cancer stage (stage2 HR = 4.761, P < 0.001; stage3 HR = 13.286, P < 0.001; stage4 HR = 42.528, P < 0.001) as significant risk factors for GC-specific mortality, whereas EBV positivity was inversely correlated (HR = 0.620, P = 0.022). Furthermore, the EBVaGC group displayed statistically significant survival advantages over the EBV-negative cancer group in terms of both overall (P = 0.021) and GC-specific survival (P = 0.007) on the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. However, this effect was evident only in males. CONCLUSIONS EBVaGC patients showed better prognoses despite their association with proximal location and poorly differentiated histology in male, probably due to the difference in immunity between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea.
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Du Hyun Song
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Yonghoon Choi
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Eun-Bi Jeon
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Sihyun Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Jun
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Yoon
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Young Soo Park
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Oh
- Departments of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye Seung Lee
- Departments of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Suk Park
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Ahn
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yun-Suhk Suh
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Do Joong Park
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung Ho Kim
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Jin Won Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Keun-Wook Lee
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do, 13620, South Korea
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Chang
- Departments of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Park
- Departments of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jin Lee
- Departments of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Ho Lee
- Departments of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Departments of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Hoon Kim
- Departments of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Departments of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Ahn
- Division of Statistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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9
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Polz A, Morshed K, Drop B, Drop A, Polz-Dacewicz M. Serum Anti-Zta and Anti-LMP1 Antibodies in Oropharyngeal Cancer Related to Epstein-Barr Virus-Diagnostic Usefulness. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:341. [PMID: 38254830 PMCID: PMC10814749 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the first known human oncogenic virus, in the development of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is already well documented. There are few studies in the available scientific literature on oropharyngeal cancer associated with EBV infection. Due to the lack of an effective vaccine against EBV, it is necessary to search for new markers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. The aim of current study was to determine the usefulness of anti-Zta and anti-LMP1 antibodies as diagnostic and prognostic markers in EBV positive OPSCC patients. METHODS For this purpose, experiments were carried out to determine both the prevalence and level of EBVCA, EBNA1, EA, Zta, and LMP1 antibodies in serum patients depending on histological differentiation-grading and TNM classification (ELISA assay). RESULTS Based on the obtained results, we showed that OPSCC EBV positive patients are characterized by a higher level of anti-Zta antibodies than in the EBV negative group. Their level depended on the clinical stage. Moreover, a ROC analysis confirmed the diagnostic accuracy of anti-Zta antibodies. CONCLUSIONS Anti-Zta and anti-LMP1 antibodies may be useful in the diagnosis of OPSCC. It seems that combined antibody testing should be performed to increase diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Polz
- Genomed S.A., 02-971 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Kamal Morshed
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, Poland;
| | - Bartłomiej Drop
- Department of Computer Science and Medical Statistics with the e-Health Laboratory, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Drop
- 1st Department of Medical Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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10
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Kiś J, Góralczyk M, Sikora D, Stępień E, Drop B, Polz-Dacewicz M. Can the Epstein-Barr Virus Play a Role in the Development of Prostate Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:328. [PMID: 38254816 PMCID: PMC10814141 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, accounting for 7.3% of all cancers. PCa mortality is the fifth most common cause of cancer death. Despite well-known factors influencing the development of PCa, such as age, race/ethnicity and family history, many researchers have raised the possibility of persistent infections with oncogenic viruses. Therefore, we aimed to assess the frequency of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in tissue collected from PCa patients. Next, the frequency and the level of Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen (EBVCA) and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) antibodies in both IgA and IgG classes were measured. The antibody titer was also analyzed depending on the risk group, Gleason score (GS) and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) classification. Serum samples were analyzed using the Microblot-Array EBV IgM, IgA and IgG test kits. The study group consisted of 115 patients diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed with PCa. In 49% of patients included in the study, EBV DNA was detected in the tumor tissue. The studies showed both higher seroprevalence and higher antibody titers in patients with EBV-positive PCa compared to patients with EBV-negative PCa. We also observed a dependence of antibody titer on pathological features, such as GS, risk group and T stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Kiś
- 1st Clinical Military Hospital with Outpatient Clinic in Lublin, 20-049 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Góralczyk
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Dominika Sikora
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Ewa Stępień
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Bartłomiej Drop
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics with e-Health Lab, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with Viral Diagnostics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (D.S.); (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
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11
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Jo H, Shin CM. [Infectious Gastric Diseases Other than Helicobacter]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY = TAEHAN SOHWAGI HAKHOE CHI 2023; 82:269-281. [PMID: 38129996 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2023.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In addition to Helicobacter pylori, the acute bacterial causes of infectious gastritis, include phlegmonous gastritis, gastric tuberculosis, and gastric syphilis. Bacterial gastritis often improves with appropriate broad-spectrum antibiotics, emphasizing the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment based on the clinical and endoscopic findings. Among viral gastritis, cytomegalovirus gastritis, primarily occurring in immunocompromised patients, necessitates antiviral intervention, while immunocompetent individuals typically achieve amelioration by administering proton pump inhibitors. In contrast, most gastric infections caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are asymptomatic, but an EBV infection is a cause of stomach cancer. EBV-associated gastric cancer exhibits distinct clinical, pathological, genetic, and post-genetic mutation features, making it clinically significant. The colonization of Candida albicans in the stomach is uncommon, and typical antifungal treatment is unnecessary. Candida infections in gastric ulcers can be treated with anti-ulcer treatment alone. Lastly, anisakidosis in the stomach, which occurs when consuming raw seafood, can manifest in various clinical presentations and is typically treated through endoscopic removal of the nematode. This article aims to contribute to the rapid diagnosis and treatment of rare stomach infections beyond Helicobacter pylori in real clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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12
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Volesky-Avellaneda KD, Morais S, Walter SD, O’Brien TR, Hildesheim A, Engels EA, El-Zein M, Franco EL. Cancers Attributable to Infections in the US in 2017: A Meta-Analysis. JAMA Oncol 2023; 9:1678-1687. [PMID: 37856141 PMCID: PMC10587828 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.4273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Importance Infections are largely modifiable causes of cancer. However, there remains untapped potential for preventing and treating carcinogenic infections in the US. Objective To estimate the percentage and number of incident cancers attributable to infections in the US among adults and children for the most recent year cancer incidence data were available (2017). Data Sources A literature search from 1946 onward was performed in MEDLINE on January 6, 2023, to obtain the data required to calculate population attributable fractions for 31 infection-cancer pairs. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data were used to estimate the population prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses and Helicobacter pylori. Study Selection Studies conducted in the US or other Western countries were selected according to specific infection-cancer criteria. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data from 128 studies were meta-analyzed to obtain the magnitude of an infection-cancer association or prevalence of the infection within cancer cells. Main Outcomes and Measures The proportion of cancer incidence attributable to 8 infections. Results Of the 1 666 102 cancers diagnosed in 2017 among individuals aged 20 years or older in the US, 71 485 (4.3%; 95% CI, 3.1%-5.3%) were attributable to infections. Human papillomavirus (n = 38 230) was responsible for the most cancers, followed by H pylori (n = 10 624), hepatitis C virus (n = 9006), Epstein-Barr virus (n = 7581), hepatitis B virus (n = 2310), Merkel cell polyomavirus (n = 2000), Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (n = 1075), and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (n = 659). Cancers with the most infection-attributable cases were cervical (human papillomavirus; n = 12 829), gastric (H pylori and Epstein-Barr virus; n = 12 565), oropharynx (human papillomavirus; n = 12 430), and hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatitis B and C viruses; n = 10 017). The burden of infection-attributable cancers as a proportion of total cancer incidence ranged from 9.6% (95% CI, 9.2%-10.0%) for women aged 20 to 34 years to 3.2% (95% CI, 2.4%-3.8%) for women aged 65 years or older and from 6.1% (95% CI, 5.2%-7.0%) for men aged 20 to 34 years to 3.3% (95% CI, 1.9%-4.4%) for men aged 65 years or older. Among those aged 19 years or younger, 2.2% (95% CI, 1.3%-3.0%) of cancers diagnosed in 2017 were attributable to Epstein-Barr virus. Conclusions and Relevance Infections were estimated to be responsible for 4.3% of cancers diagnosed among adults in the US in 2017 and, therefore, represent an important target for cancer prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karena D. Volesky-Avellaneda
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Samantha Morais
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen D. Walter
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas R. O’Brien
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Eric A. Engels
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Mariam El-Zein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eduardo L. Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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13
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Koerner AS, Moy RH, Ryeom SW, Yoon SS. The Present and Future of Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4114. [PMID: 37627142 PMCID: PMC10452310 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a highly prevalent and lethal disease worldwide. Given the insidious nature of the presenting symptoms, patients are frequently diagnosed with advanced, unresectable disease. However, many patients will present with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC), which is often defined as the primary tumor extending beyond the muscularis propria (cT3-T4) or having nodal metastases (cN+) disease and without distant metastases (cM0). LAGC is typically treated with surgical resection and perioperative chemotherapy. The treatment of LAGC remains a challenge, given the heterogeneity of this disease, and the optimal multimodal treatment regimen may be different for different LAGC subtypes. However, many promising treatments are on the horizon based on knowledge of molecular subtypes and key biomarkers of LAGC, such as microsatellite instability, HER2, Claudin 18.2, FGFR2, and PD-L1. This review will expand upon the discussion of current standard neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies for LAGC and explore the ongoing and future clinical trials for novel therapies, with information obtained from searches in PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Koerner
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ryan H. Moy
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sandra W. Ryeom
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sam S. Yoon
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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14
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Soldan S, Su C, Monaco MC, Brown N, Clauze A, Andrada F, Feder A, Planet P, Kossenkov A, Schäffer D, Ohayon J, Auslander N, Jacobson S, Lieberman P. Unstable EBV latency drives inflammation in multiple sclerosis patient derived spontaneous B cells. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2398872. [PMID: 36778367 PMCID: PMC9915775 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2398872/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a known etiologic risk factor, and perhaps prerequisite, for the development of MS. EBV establishes life-long latent infection in a subpopulation of memory B cells. Although the role of memory B cells in the pathobiology of MS is well established, studies characterizing EBV-associated mechanisms of B cell inflammation and disease pathogenesis in EBV (+) B cells from MS patients are limited. Accordingly, we analyzed spontaneous lymphoblastoid cell lines (SLCLs) from multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls to study host-virus interactions in B cells, in the context of an individual's endogenous EBV. We identify differences in EBV gene expression and regulation of both viral and cellular genes in SLCLs. Our data suggest that EBV latency is dysregulated in MS SLCLs with increased lytic gene expression observed in MS patient B cells, especially those generated from samples obtained during "active" disease. Moreover, we show increased inflammatory gene expression and cytokine production in MS patient SLCLs and demonstrate that tenofovir alafenamide, an antiviral that targets EBV replication, decreases EBV viral loads, EBV lytic gene expression, and EBV-mediated inflammation in both SLCLs and in a mixed lymphocyte assay. Collectively, these data suggest that dysregulation of EBV latency in MS drives a pro-inflammatory, pathogenic phenotype in memory B cells and that this response can be attenuated by suppressing EBV lytic activation. This study provides further support for the development of antiviral agents that target EBV-infection for use in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Chiara Monaco
- National Institutes of Health - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Schäffer
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University
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15
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Bai D, Liu K, Wang R, Zhang WH, Chen XZ, Hu JK. Prevalence Difference of Helicobacter pylori Infection Between Tibetan and Han Ethnics in China: A Meta-analysis on Epidemiologic Studies (SIGES). Asia Pac J Public Health 2022; 35:103-111. [PMID: 36321513 DOI: 10.1177/10105395221134651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
China is a multi-ethnic country, and the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori ( H pylori) infection may be diverse among ethnics. This meta-analysis was conducted to compare the prevalence of H pylori infection between Tibetans and Han ethnics. Ten studies that reported the prevalence of H pylori infection between Tibetans and Hans in China were eligible. The pooled prevalence of H pylori infection was 62.2% versus 55.3% among Tibetans and Hans, respectively. Tibetans had a higher risk of H pylori infection than Hans (odds ratio [OR] = 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.05, 1.80]). In subgroup analysis, Tibetans with upper gastrointestinal symptoms (OR = 1.51, 95% CI [1.06-2.16]), inhabiting in Tibet (OR = 1.51, 95% CI [1.22, 1.87]), or inhabiting in Northwestern region (OR = 1.15, 95% CI [1.00, 1.31]) had significantly higher risks of H pylori infection. In addition, in the recent 10 years, Hans showed a decreased risk of H pylori infection (OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.42, 2.30]). Heterogeneity was common, while sensitivity analyses showed partially inconsistent results against main findings. This study demonstrated higher prevalence of H pylori infection in Tibetans compared with Hans, especially in recent years, or in Tibet and northwest China, as well as symptomatic Tibetans. The results suggest tailored strategy and robustness need to be further considered for H pylori screening and eradication among Tibetans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Bai
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nursing Section, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Han Zhang
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, Second People’s Hospital of Yibin, West China Yibin Hospital, Yibin, China
| | - Jian-Kun Hu
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Vuong TTL, Song B, Kwak JT, Kim K. Prediction of Epstein-Barr Virus Status in Gastric Cancer Biopsy Specimens Using a Deep Learning Algorithm. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2236408. [PMID: 36205993 PMCID: PMC9547324 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (EBV-GC) is 1 of 4 molecular subtypes of GC and is confirmed by an expensive molecular test, EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization. EBV-GC has 2 histologic characteristics, lymphoid stroma and lace-like tumor pattern, but projecting EBV-GC at biopsy is difficult even for experienced pathologists. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a deep learning algorithm to predict EBV status from pathology images of GC biopsy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This diagnostic study developed a deep learning classifier to predict EBV-GC using image patches of tissue microarray (TMA) and whole slide images (WSIs) of GC and applied it to GC biopsy specimens from GCs diagnosed at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital between 2011 and 2020. For a quantitative evaluation and EBV-GC prediction on biopsy specimens, the area of each class and the fraction in total tissue or tumor area were calculated. Data were analyzed from March 5, 2021, to February 10, 2022. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Evaluation metrics of predictive model performance were assessed on accuracy, recall, precision, F1 score, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and κ coefficient. RESULTS This study included 137 184 image patches from 16 TMAs (708 tissue cores), 24 WSIs, and 286 biopsy images of GC. The classifier was able to classify EBV-GC image patches from TMAs and WSIs with 94.70% accuracy, 0.936 recall, 0.938 precision, 0.937 F1 score, and 0.909 κ coefficient. The classifier was used for predicting and measuring the area and fraction of EBV-GC on biopsy tissue specimens. A 10% cutoff value for the predicted fraction of EBV-GC to tissue (EBV-GC/tissue area) produced the best prediction results in EBV-GC biopsy specimens and showed the highest AUC value (0.8723; 95% CI, 0.7560-0.9501). That cutoff also obtained high sensitivity (0.895) and moderate specificity (0.745) compared with experienced pathologist sensitivity (0.842) and specificity (0.854) when using the presence of lymphoid stroma and a lace-like pattern as diagnostic criteria. On prediction maps, EBV-GCs with lace-like pattern and lymphoid stroma showed the same prediction results as EBV-GC, but cases lacking these histologic features revealed heterogeneous prediction results of EBV-GC and non-EBV-GC areas. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study showed the feasibility of EBV-GC prediction using a deep learning algorithm, even in biopsy samples. Use of such an image-based classifier before a confirmatory molecular test will reduce costs and tissue waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinh Thi Le Vuong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Song
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin T. Kwak
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungeun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Abstract
Like most solid tumours, the microenvironment of epithelial-derived gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) consists of a variety of stromal cell types, including fibroblasts, and neuronal, endothelial and immune cells. In this article, we review the role of the immune microenvironment in the progression of chronic inflammation to GAC, primarily the immune microenvironment driven by the gram-negative bacterial species Helicobacter pylori. The infection-driven nature of most GACs has renewed awareness of the immune microenvironment and its effect on tumour development and progression. About 75-90% of GACs are associated with prior H. pylori infection and 5-10% with Epstein-Barr virus infection. Although 50% of the world's population is infected with H. pylori, only 1-3% will progress to GAC, with progression the result of a combination of the H. pylori strain, host susceptibility and composition of the chronic inflammatory response. Other environmental risk factors include exposure to a high-salt diet and nitrates. Genetically, chromosome instability occurs in ~50% of GACs and 21% of GACs are microsatellite instability-high tumours. Here, we review the timeline and pathogenesis of the events triggered by H. pylori that can create an immunosuppressive microenvironment by modulating the host's innate and adaptive immune responses, and subsequently favour GAC development.
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18
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Yang Y, Chen XZ. Comment on: "Hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of gastrointestinal cancers among Chinese population: a prospective cohort study". Int J Cancer 2022; 151:967-968. [PMID: 35538728 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City - West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City - West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
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19
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Brasil-Costa I, de Souza CRT, Costa IB, Dos Santos LFP, Paixão LCF, Polaro AA, Monteiro TAF, Burbano RMR. Detection of Epstein-Barr virus in gastric adenocarcinoma: qPCR and FISH comparison. Med Microbiol Immunol 2022; 211:29-36. [PMID: 34862564 PMCID: PMC8860788 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-021-00724-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
EBV-associated gastric cancer accounts for about 10% of all gastric carcinomas worldwide. We aimed to verify the prevalence of EBV in gastric adenocarcinoma samples using FISH and qPCR and comparing the results obtained by both techniques. Gastric cancer samples from 191 cases were analyzed. The FISH assay was performed to detect small EBV RNAs (EBER1) and qPCR was performed to detect the EBV-EBNA-1 gene region. Cohen's kappa index and the chi-square test were used to compare the methodologies and investigate correlations with the clinical-pathological data of the gastric adenocarcinoma patients. Most of the patients were men, and the average age was 60 years. The intestinal subtype cancer presented more aggressive stages with 90% of patients having a reactive FISH for EBV (EBV+), although the virus infection frequency in epithelial gastric tissue was only 1%. No positive association with clinicopathological features and EBV+ was found by FISH. Using qPCR analysis, the percentage of positive samples was lower (52.4%), and a positive association was found in samples from older patients (> 60 years). Interestingly, 71 qPCR-negative cases were detected by FISH in the presence of non-epithelial cells and in 10 qPCR-positive cases with no evidence of EBV according to FISH. The concordance between the two techniques was low, with only 57.6%. FISH is more informative for associating the gastric carcinoma with EBV positivity in tumor/epithelial cells; however, qPCR can provide relevant information regarding the progression and characteristics of neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Brasil-Costa
- Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | | | - Iran Barros Costa
- Virology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Rommel Mario Rodríguez Burbano
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém, Pará, 66060-281, Brazil
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20
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Akbari A, Ashtari S, Tabaiean SP, Mehrdad‐Majd H, Farsi F, Shojaee S, Agah S. Overview of epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, and risk factors of gastric cancer in Asia‐Pacific region. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2022; 18:493-505. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sara Ashtari
- Gastroenterology and Live Diseases Research Center Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Seidamir Pasha Tabaiean
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hassan Mehrdad‐Majd
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Farnaz Farsi
- Department of Nutrition School of public health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sajad Shojaee
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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21
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Kato I, Zhang J, Sun J. Bacterial-Viral Interactions in Human Orodigestive and Female Genital Tract Cancers: A Summary of Epidemiologic and Laboratory Evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:425. [PMID: 35053587 PMCID: PMC8773491 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites, have been linked to pathogenesis of human cancers, whereas viruses and bacteria account for more than 99% of infection associated cancers. The human microbiome consists of not only bacteria, but also viruses and fungi. The microbiome co-residing in specific anatomic niches may modulate oncologic potentials of infectious agents in carcinogenesis. In this review, we focused on interactions between viruses and bacteria for cancers arising from the orodigestive tract and the female genital tract. We examined the interactions of these two different biological entities in the context of human carcinogenesis in the following three fashions: (1) direct interactions, (2) indirect interactions, and (3) no interaction between the two groups, but both acting on the same host carcinogenic pathways, yielding synergistic or additive effects in human cancers, e.g., head and neck cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, and cervical cancer. We discuss the progress in the current literature and summarize the mechanisms of host-viral-bacterial interactions in various human cancers. Our goal was to evaluate existing evidence and identify gaps in the knowledge for future directions in infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Kato
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jilei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- UIC Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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22
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Godfrey A, Osborn K, Sinclair AJ. Interaction sites of the Epstein-Barr virus Zta transcription factor with the host genome in epithelial cells. Access Microbiol 2022; 3:000282. [PMID: 35018326 PMCID: PMC8742585 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is present in a state of latency in infected memory B-cells and EBV-associated lymphoid and epithelial cancers. Cell stimulation or differentiation of infected B-cells and epithelial cells induces reactivation to the lytic replication cycle. In each cell type, the EBV transcription and replication factor Zta (BZLF1, EB1) plays a role in mediating the lytic cycle of EBV. Zta is a transcription factor that interacts directly with Zta response elements (ZREs) within viral and cellular genomes. Here we undertake chromatin-precipitation coupled to DNA-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) of Zta-associated DNA from cancer-derived epithelial cells. The analysis identified over 14 000 Zta-binding sites in the cellular genome. We assessed the impact of lytic cycle reactivation on changes in gene expression for a panel of Zta-associated cellular genes. Finally, we compared the Zta-binding sites identified in this study with those previously identified in B-cells and reveal substantial conservation in genes associated with Zta-binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Godfrey
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Kay Osborn
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
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23
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Xiang W, Wang R, Bai D, Yu TH, Chen XZ. Helicobacter Pylori Related Gastric Cancer Screening and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study (SIGES). Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:2769-2778. [PMID: 35876250 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2022168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nursing Section, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian-Hang Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, the Second People’s Hospital of Yibin City, West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District, West China Longquan Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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24
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Chakravorty S, Afzali B, Kazemian M. EBV-associated diseases: Current therapeutics and emerging technologies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1059133. [PMID: 36389670 PMCID: PMC9647127 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1059133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
EBV is a prevalent virus, infecting >90% of the world's population. This is an oncogenic virus that causes ~200,000 cancer-related deaths annually. It is, in addition, a significant contributor to the burden of autoimmune diseases. Thus, EBV represents a significant public health burden. Upon infection, EBV remains dormant in host cells for long periods of time. However, the presence or episodic reactivation of the virus increases the risk of transforming healthy cells to malignant cells that routinely escape host immune surveillance or of producing pathogenic autoantibodies. Cancers caused by EBV display distinct molecular behaviors compared to those of the same tissue type that are not caused by EBV, presenting opportunities for targeted treatments. Despite some encouraging results from exploration of vaccines, antiviral agents and immune- and cell-based treatments, the efficacy and safety of most therapeutics remain unclear. Here, we provide an up-to-date review focusing on underlying immune and environmental mechanisms, current therapeutics and vaccines, animal models and emerging technologies to study EBV-associated diseases that may help provide insights for the development of novel effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Chakravorty
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Behdad Afzali
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, United States
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25
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Wong Y, Meehan MT, Burrows SR, Doolan DL, Miles JJ. Estimating the global burden of Epstein-Barr virus-related cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:31-46. [PMID: 34705104 PMCID: PMC8752571 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 90% of the adult population globally is chronically infected by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It is well established that EBV is associated with a number of malignancies, and advances in knowledge of EBV-related malignancies are being made every year. Several studies have analysed the global epidemiology and geographic distribution of EBV-related cancers. However, most have only described a single cancer type or subtype in isolation or limited their study to the three or four most common EBV-related cancers. This review will present an overview on the spectrum of cancers linked to EBV based on observations of associations and proportions in the published literature while also using these observations to estimate the incidence and mortality burden of some of these cancers. METHOD We have reviewed the literature on defining features, distribution and outcomes across six cancers with a relatively large EBV-related case burden: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), Gastric carcinoma (GC), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, Nasal type (ENKTL-NT). We retrieved published region-specific EBV-related case proportions for NPC, GC, HL and BL and performed meta-analyses on pooled region-specific studies of EBV-related case proportions for DLBCL and ENKTL-NT. We match these pooled proportions with their respective regional incidence and mortality numbers retrieved from a publicly available cancer database. Additionally, we also reviewed the literature on several other less common EBV-related cancers to summarize their key characteristics herein. CONCLUSION We estimated that EBV-related cases from these six cancers accounted for 239,700-357,900 new cases and 137,900-208,700 deaths in 2020. This review highlights the significant global impact of EBV-related cancers and extends the spectrum of disease that could benefit from an EBV-specific therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yide Wong
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia.
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia.
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia.
| | - Michael T Meehan
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Scott R Burrows
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Denise L Doolan
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
| | - John J Miles
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
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26
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Zhao K, Zhang Y, Xia S, Feng L, Zhou W, Zhang M, Dong R, Tian D, Liu M, Liao J. Epstein-Barr Virus is Associated with Gastric Cancer Precursor: Atrophic Gastritis. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:924-931. [PMID: 35693736 PMCID: PMC9149642 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.71820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: About 10% of gastric cancer (GC) has been described to be Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive. Previous researches have described the association between EBV and GC. However, the association of EBV with atrophic gastritis (AG) is underrecognized. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between EBV and AG and assess the influence of EBV on gastric function. Methods: A total of 468 pathologically-confirmed chronic gastritis patients underwent circulating EBV DNA test, include 271 non-atrophic gastritis (NAG) and 197 AG patients. Results: In this study, H. pylori infection rate was 33.3%, EBV infection rate was 40%, and co-infection rate was 15%. The EBV DNA-positive was significantly associated with AG (P=0.031, OR= 1.509, 95% CI 1.037-2.194), especially in H. pylori-negative subjects (P=0.044, OR=1.619, 95% CI 1.012-2.589). EBV DNA-positive patients had a lower pepsinogen I (PG I) / pepsinogen II (PG II) ratio (PGR) than EBV DNA-negative patients (P=0.0026), especially in the AG subgroup (P=0.0062). There was no significant association between EBV and H. pylori co-infection with increased risk of AG (P>0.05). Conclusion: EBV infection significantly increased the risk of AG, especially in H. pylori-negative patients. The circulating EBV DNA had a potential in predicting the risk of atrophic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Suhong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Lina Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Wangdong Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruonan Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Dean Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiazhi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province, China
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27
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Cui X, Snapper CM. Epstein Barr Virus: Development of Vaccines and Immune Cell Therapy for EBV-Associated Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:734471. [PMID: 34691042 PMCID: PMC8532523 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the first human tumor virus discovered and is strongly implicated in the etiology of multiple lymphoid and epithelial cancers. Each year EBV associated cancers account for over 200,000 new cases of cancer and cause 150,000 deaths world-wide. EBV is also the primary cause of infectious mononucleosis, and up to 70% of adolescents and young adults in developed countries suffer from infectious mononucleosis. In addition, EBV has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. An EBV prophylactic vaccine that induces neutralizing antibodies holds great promise for prevention of EBV associated diseases. EBV envelope proteins including gH/gL, gB and gp350 play key roles in EBV entry and infection of target cells, and neutralizing antibodies elicited by each of these proteins have shown to prevent EBV infection of target cells and markedly decrease EBV titers in the peripheral blood of humanized mice challenged with lethal dose EBV. Recent studies demonstrated that immunization with the combination of gH/gL, gB and/or gp350 induced markedly increased synergistic EBV neutralizing activity compared to immunization with individual proteins. As previous clinical trials focused on gp350 alone were partially successful, the inclusion of gH/gL and gB in a vaccine formulation with gp350 represents a promising approach of EBV prophylactic vaccine development. Therapeutic EBV vaccines have also been tested clinically with encouraging results. Immunization with various vaccine platforms expressing the EBV latent proteins EBNA1, LMP1, and/or LMP2 promoted specific CD4+ and CD8+ cytotoxic responses with anti-tumor activity. The addition of EBV envelope proteins gH/gL, gB and gp350 has the potential to increase the efficacy of a therapeutic EBV vaccine. The immune system plays a critical role in the control of tumors, and immune cell therapy has emerged as a promising treatment of cancers. Adoptive T-cell therapy has been successfully used in the prevention and treatment of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and T cell receptor engineered T cell therapy targeting EBV latent proteins LMP1, LMP2 and/or EBNA1 have been in development, with the goal to increase the specificity and efficacy of treatment of EBV associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinle Cui
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,The Institute for Vaccine Research and Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Clifford M Snapper
- The Institute for Vaccine Research and Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Citranvi Biosciences LLC, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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28
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Oleynikova NA, Danilova NV, Grimuta MO, Malkov PG. Epstein-Barr Virus in the Development of Colorectal Cancer (Review). Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2021; 13:82-91. [PMID: 34603767 PMCID: PMC8482827 DOI: 10.17691/stm2021.13.4.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the influence of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) on the development of colorectal cancer is of current interest, particularly in light of the active discussion of the participation of this virus in the carcinogenesis of stomach cancer. In this review, aimed at a fundamental understanding of the processes associated with the impact of EBV on the human body, attention is paid to the issues of the life cycle of the virus, its phases (latent and lytic), as well as proteins that may be detected in each of the phases. The papers reporting on the role of EBV in the development of colorectal cancer have been analyzed. A summary table indicating the population under study, the number of samples, the method, and the result obtained is provided. Given that the primary cells affected by EBV are lymphocytes, it is logical to assume the involvement of this virus in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases. The review cites studies which confirm the presence of virus DNA in tissues in the inflammatory diseases of the colon, including microscopic and ulcerative colitis. To confirm the direct impact of EBV on the development of colorectal cancer, large studies with applying various methods for detecting the virus and the mandatory description of its localization are required. Besides, it is necessary to correlate these data with the clinical and morphological characteristics of EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Oleynikova
- Researcher, Department of Clinical Pathology; Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosov Prospect, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - N V Danilova
- Senior Researcher, Department of Clinical Pathology; Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosov Prospect, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - M O Grimuta
- Student; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - P G Malkov
- Head of the Department of Clinical Pathology; Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosov Prospect, Moscow, 119192, Russia
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29
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Kouzu K, Tsujimoto H, Kishi Y, Ueno H, Shinomiya N. Role of Microbial Infection-Induced Inflammation in the Development of Gastrointestinal Cancers. MEDICINES 2021; 8:medicines8080045. [PMID: 34436224 PMCID: PMC8400127 DOI: 10.3390/medicines8080045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There has been increasing evidence that a local inflammatory response stimulates tumor cells to acquire metastatic potential, and the concept of inflammatory oncotaxis has been spreading in recent years. However, the interaction between microbial inflammation and the development of gastrointestinal cancer is still unclear. This review summarizes the present knowledge on the role of microbial inflammation in the development of gastrointestinal cancers from the perspective of molecular biological findings. Chronic inflammation caused by bacterial infection is known to induce cancers as exemplified by Helicobacter pylori, which is associated with the development of gastric cancer via the activation of the TLR4 pathway by bacterial lipopolysaccharide followed by cancer growth through CagA-MET signaling. In addition, the development of inflammatory bowel diseases has been known to become a risk factor for colorectal cancers, where inflammation caused by certain bacterial infections plays a key role. It is also known that the cancer microenvironment is associated with cancer growth. Moreover, infectious complication after surgery for gastrointestinal cancers may promote tumor progression via the stimulation of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and various inflammatory mediators secreted by immunocytes. Further research on the link between microbial inflammation and cancer progression is needed to drive a paradigm shift in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kouzu
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-0042, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.K.); (H.U.)
| | - Hironori Tsujimoto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-0042, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.K.); (H.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-4-2995-1637
| | - Yoji Kishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-0042, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.K.); (H.U.)
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-0042, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.K.); (H.U.)
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Stępień E, Strycharz-Dudziak M, Malm M, Drop B, Polz-Dacewicz M. Serum and Tissue Level of TLR9 in EBV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163981. [PMID: 34439137 PMCID: PMC8394560 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is associated with the development and progression of various epithelial malignancies including cancer in the head and neck region. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are molecules distinguishing self and non-self antigens. They are required for congenital immune response to infections with viruses such as EBV because, during viral infection, the congenital immunity is the first line of human defense preventing the replication of the virus. Moreover, TLR response may influence the transformation to malignancy. The aim of our study was to assess TLR9 level in patients with diagnosed oropharyngeal cancer with or without EBV infection. We wanted to know whether infection with EBV influences TLR9 level and maybe changes the immune response which may lead to malignant transformation. The results obtained in our research may improve understanding of the role viral infections play in head and neck cancers and influence future diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies in these malignancies. Abstract The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is associated with the development of various epithelial malignancies including cancer in the head and neck region. Several studies have shown that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are required for an innate immune response to infection with human DNA viruses, e.g., EBV. During viral infections, TLR response may influence the transformation to malignancy. The aim of the study was to assess TLR9 serum and tissue level in EBV(+) and EBV(−) oropharyngeal cancer patients. The study involved 78 patients: 42 EBV(+) and 36 EBV(−). EBV DNA was detected in fresh frozen tumor tissue. TLR9 level was measured in homogenate of tumor tissue and in serum. Moreover, in serum samples IL-10, VEGF, TGFβ, TNFα and antibodies against EBV were detected using ELISA test. TLR9 level was significantly lower in EBV(+) patients, both in tissue and serum, while EBVCA, EBNA and VEGF level was statistically higher in EBV(+) patients. An increase in EBVCA and EBNA antibodies titer was correlated with a TLR9 level decrease. TLR9 level was higher in poorly-differentiated tumors (G3), in tumor of larger dimensions (T3-T4) and with lymph nodes involvement (N3-N4) but without statistical significance. High levels of anti-EA antibodies in the majority of EBV(+) patients may point to the reactivation of EBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Stępień
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
| | - Małgorzata Strycharz-Dudziak
- Chair and Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Malm
- Department of Information Technology and Medical Statistics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.); (B.D.)
| | - Bartłomiej Drop
- Department of Information Technology and Medical Statistics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.); (B.D.)
| | - Małgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (E.S.); (M.P.-D.)
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Rihane FE, Erguibi D, Elyamine O, Abumsimir B, Ennaji MM, Chehab F. Helicobacter pylori co-infection with Epstein-Barr virus and the risk of developing gastric adenocarcinoma at an early age: Observational study infectious agents and cancer. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 68:102651. [PMID: 34386233 PMCID: PMC8346356 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The onset and progression of gastric cancer are attributed to numerous triggers, these triggers may be infection of the gastric epithelium by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), or by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Both agents can establish a lifelong persistent infection in the host, leading to chronic inflammation, which also contributes to cancer development. Objective: The objective of this study is to present the status of co-infection with H. pylori and EBV and the risk of developing adenocarcinoma at an early age in the population of Grand Casablanca. Methods In this study, 100 gastric tissue samples from patients with gastric cancer were examined for detection of H. pylori and EBV in tumor tissue using PCR techniques, and the clinical relevance was statistically analyzed. Results Results revealed an individual Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection observed in (40 %) of gastric carcinoma cases. Furthermore, the frequency of EBV infection was significantly different with intestinal and diffuse gastric cancer types [15 % vs. 85 %; <0.05]. The prevalence of individual H. pylori infections was 34 %, while the frequency of co-infection was 16 %. Moreover, no significant association was found between co-infection and sex, tumor grade, stage, and lymph node metastasis, but there was a significant association between co-infection and the age of GC patients. Conclusion Thus understanding the status of co-infection could clarify the process of gastric carcinogenesis, and application of this knowledge for clinical purposes could facilitate diagnosis, risk management, and prevention. Determination of the frequency of H. pylori and EBV infections Correlation between co-infection and age of gastric cancer patients Evaluation of the clinicopathological features associated with the presence of infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ezzahra Rihane
- Laboratory of Genetic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy Casablanca. University Hassan II of Casablanca., 20360, Morocco.,Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology, Quality, Biotechnologies/ Ecotoxicology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences & Technologies Mohammedia. University Hassan II of Casablanca, 20650, Morocco
| | - Driss Erguibi
- Service of Digestive Cancers Surgery and Liver Transplant, Department of Surgery. Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy Casablanca. University Hassan II of Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
| | - Othmane Elyamine
- Service of Digestive Cancers Surgery and Liver Transplant, Department of Surgery. Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy Casablanca. University Hassan II of Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
| | - Berjas Abumsimir
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology, Quality, Biotechnologies/ Ecotoxicology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences & Technologies Mohammedia. University Hassan II of Casablanca, 20650, Morocco
| | - Moulay Mustapha Ennaji
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology, Quality, Biotechnologies/ Ecotoxicology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences & Technologies Mohammedia. University Hassan II of Casablanca, 20650, Morocco
| | - Farid Chehab
- Service of Digestive Cancers Surgery and Liver Transplant, Department of Surgery. Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine & Pharmacy Casablanca. University Hassan II of Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
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Aguayo F, Boccardo E, Corvalán A, Calaf GM, Blanco R. Interplay between Epstein-Barr virus infection and environmental xenobiotic exposure in cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:50. [PMID: 34193233 PMCID: PMC8243497 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a herpesvirus associated with lymphoid and epithelial malignancies. Both B cells and epithelial cells are susceptible and permissive to EBV infection. However, considering that 90% of the human population is persistently EBV-infected, with a minority of them developing cancer, additional factors are necessary for tumor development. Xenobiotics such as tobacco smoke (TS) components, pollutants, pesticides, and food chemicals have been suggested as cofactors involved in EBV-associated cancers. In this review, the suggested mechanisms by which xenobiotics cooperate with EBV for carcinogenesis are discussed. Additionally, a model is proposed in which xenobiotics, which promote oxidative stress (OS) and DNA damage, regulate EBV replication, promoting either the maintenance of viral genomes or lytic activation, ultimately leading to cancer. Interactions between EBV and xenobiotics represent an opportunity to identify mechanisms by which this virus is involved in carcinogenesis and may, in turn, suggest both prevention and control strategies for EBV-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrique Boccardo
- Laboratory of Oncovirology, Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gloria M Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, 1000000, Arica, Chile.,Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Rancés Blanco
- Laboratorio de Oncovirología, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Soldan SS, Su C, Lamontagne RJ, Grams N, Lu F, Zhang Y, Gesualdi JD, Frase DM, Tolvinski LE, Martin K, Messick TE, Fingerut JT, Koltsova E, Kossenkov A, Lieberman PM. Epigenetic Plasticity Enables CNS-Trafficking of EBV-infected B Lymphocytes. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009618. [PMID: 34106998 PMCID: PMC8216538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Subpopulations of B-lymphocytes traffic to different sites and organs to provide diverse and tissue-specific functions. Here, we provide evidence that epigenetic differences confer a neuroinvasive phenotype. An EBV+ B cell lymphoma cell line (M14) with low frequency trafficking to the CNS was neuroadapted to generate a highly neuroinvasive B-cell population (MUN14). MUN14 B cells efficiently infiltrated the CNS within one week and produced neurological pathologies. We compared the gene expression profiles of viral and cellular genes using RNA-Seq and identified one viral (EBNA1) and several cellular gene candidates, including secreted phosphoprotein 1/osteopontin (SPP1/OPN), neuron navigator 3 (NAV3), CXCR4, and germinal center-associated signaling and motility protein (GCSAM) that were selectively upregulated in MUN14. ATAC-Seq and ChIP-qPCR revealed that these gene expression changes correlated with epigenetic changes at gene regulatory elements. The neuroinvasive phenotype could be attenuated with a neutralizing antibody to OPN, confirming the functional role of this protein in trafficking EBV+ B cells to the CNS. These studies indicate that B-cell trafficking to the CNS can be acquired by epigenetic adaptations and provide a new model to study B-cell neuroinvasion associated CNS lymphoma and autoimmune disease of the CNS, including multiple sclerosis (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha S. Soldan
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chenhe Su
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Nicholas Grams
- The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Fang Lu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yue Zhang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - James D. Gesualdi
- The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Drew M. Frase
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lois E. Tolvinski
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kayla Martin
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Troy E. Messick
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Ekaterina Koltsova
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew Kossenkov
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Lieberman
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Alruwaii ZI, Montgomery EA. Select Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Digestive Tract Lesions for the Practicing Pathologist. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2021; 145:562-570. [PMID: 32320275 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0703-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Epstein-Barr virus is a ubiquitous oncogenic virus. During the past 5 decades, the virus has been linked to several disease entities, both neoplastic and nonneoplastic. Several Epstein-Barr virus-associated conditions affect the digestive organs, ranging from mild transient inflammatory conditions to more debilitating and even fatal diseases. OBJECTIVE.— To discuss the clinicopathologic aspects of some newly or recently recognized Epstein-Barr virus-related conditions encountered in the digestive system and their therapeutic implications. DATA SOURCES.— Published peer-reviewed literature was reviewed. CONCLUSIONS.— This article highlights the importance of recognizing the discussed lesions because they influence the direct clinical management or serve as a potential predictive marker for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab I Alruwaii
- From the Department of Pathology, Regional Laboratory and Blood Bank, Eastern Province, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (Alruwaii)
| | - Elizabeth A Montgomery
- and the Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland (Montgomery)
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35
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Wang H, Chen X, Chen X, Zhang W, Liu K, Wang Y, Tang H, Hu J. Associations between hepatitis B virus exposure and the risk of extrahepatic digestive system cancers: A hospital-based, case-control study (SIGES). Cancer Med 2021; 10:3741-3755. [PMID: 33934530 PMCID: PMC8178500 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This case-control study was aimed to investigate associations between HBV infection and extrahepatic digestive system cancers. METHODS The patients of gastric, small intestinal, colonic, rectal, anal, biliary tract, and pancreatic cancers were retrospectively collected between 2016.5 and 2017.12. Simultaneously, the healthy controls were collected from the health check-up registry, and cancer-free status was confirmed based on medical records. Propensity score matching was performed to reduce bias. Multinomial logit model and conditional logistic regression model were used to assess the risk of individual cancer according to HBV serological markers and classifications. RESULTS Totally, 4748 patients involving seven cancers, and 57,499 controls were included. After matching, HBsAg was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.05-1.85), and anti-HBs served as a protective factor for gastric (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.61-0.85), colonic (aOR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60-0.89), rectal (aOR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.63-0.85), and pancreatic (aOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.42-0.82) cancers. Compared to subgroups with non-infection and vaccination status, inactive HBsAg carriers and active HBV infection subgroup were correlated with gastric carcinogenesis (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.03-1.93). However, no clear association was found between HBV infection and other cancers. CONCLUSIONS HBV infection was potentially associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. The development mechanism of HBV-associated gastric cancer needs to investigate further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Laboratory of Gastric CancerState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryThe Central Hospital of WuhanTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xin‐Zu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Laboratory of Gastric CancerState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia SurgerySecond People’s Hospital of Yibin City West China Yibin HospitalSichuan UniversityYibinChina
| | - Xiao‐Long Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Laboratory of Gastric CancerState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Wei‐Han Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Laboratory of Gastric CancerState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Laboratory of Gastric CancerState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - You‐Juan Wang
- Health Management CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huai‐Rong Tang
- Health Management CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jian‐Kun Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Laboratory of Gastric CancerState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
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Immunization with Epstein-Barr Virus Core Fusion Machinery Envelope Proteins Elicit High Titers of Neutralizing Activities and Protect Humanized Mice from Lethal Dose EBV Challenge. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030285. [PMID: 33808755 PMCID: PMC8003492 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is the primary cause of infectious mononucleosis and is strongly implicated in the etiology of multiple lymphoid and epithelial cancers. EBV core fusion machinery envelope proteins gH/gL and gB coordinately mediate EBV fusion and entry into its target cells, B lymphocytes and epithelial cells, suggesting these proteins could induce antibodies that prevent EBV infection. We previously reported that the immunization of rabbits with recombinant EBV gH/gL or trimeric gB each induced markedly higher serum EBV-neutralizing titers for B lymphocytes than that of the leading EBV vaccine candidate gp350. In this study, we demonstrated that immunization of rabbits with EBV core fusion machinery proteins induced high titer EBV neutralizing antibodies for both B lymphocytes and epithelial cells, and EBV gH/gL in combination with EBV trimeric gB elicited strong synergistic EBV neutralizing activities. Furthermore, the immune sera from rabbits immunized with EBV gH/gL or trimeric gB demonstrated strong passive immune protection of humanized mice from lethal dose EBV challenge, partially or completely prevented death respectively, and markedly decreased the EBV load in peripheral blood of humanized mice. These data strongly suggest the combination of EBV core fusion machinery envelope proteins gH/gL and trimeric gB is a promising EBV prophylactic vaccine.
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Lee BE. Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Gastric Carcinoma. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HELICOBACTER AND UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.7704/kjhugr.2020.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) comprises approximately 10% of all gastric cancers and is now defined as one of the four subtypes of gastric cancer according to the molecular classification proposed by the Cancer Genome Atlas project. EBVaGC has characteristic genetic profiles that harbor a DNA methylation phenotype, frequent mutations in PIK3CA and ARID1A, and amplification of JAK2 and programmed death-ligand (PD-L)1/PD-L2. Therefore, EBVaGC shows several distinct clinicopathological features, including a male predominance, proximal stomach location, gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma histology, low risk of lymph node metastasis, and favorable prognosis. In clinical practice, patients with early EBVaGC might be good candidates for endoscopic resection or minimally invasive surgery since the rate of lymph node metastasis is very low, even with deep submucosal invasion. Furthermore, in the case of advanced EBVaGC, the applicability of immunotherapy has been investigated based on its increased expression of PD-L1 and high immunogenicity. In conclusion, EBV can serve as a biomarker in gastric cancer, and further identification of other molecular characteristics of EBVaGC is essential for new potential therapeutic targets.
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Liu W, Zhang Y, Luo B. Long Non-coding RNAs in Gammaherpesvirus Infections: Their Roles in Tumorigenic Mechanisms. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:604536. [PMID: 33519750 PMCID: PMC7843584 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.604536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional, or posttranscriptional level by interacting with protein, DNA, and RNA. Emerging evidence suggests that various lncRNAs are abnormally expressed and play indispensable roles in virus-triggered cancers. Besides, a growing number of studies have shown that virus-encoded lncRNAs participate in tumorigenesis. However, the functions of most lncRNAs in tumors caused by oncogenic viruses and their underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this review, we summarize current findings regarding lncRNAs involved in cancers caused by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV). Additionally, we discuss the contribution of lncRNAs to tumor occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis; the roles of lncRNAs in key signaling pathways and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumor diagnostics and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Bing Luo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Ignatova E, Seriak D, Fedyanin M, Tryakin A, Pokataev I, Menshikova S, Vakhabova Y, Smirnova K, Tjulandin S, Ajani JA. Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer: disease that requires special approach. Gastric Cancer 2020; 23:951-960. [PMID: 32514646 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer [EBV-associated GC, EBV( +) GC] is a distinct molecular subtype of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. It accounts for up to 10% of all molecular subtypes of gastric cancer (GC). It has unique genetic and epigenetic features, which determine its definitive phenotype with male and younger age predominance, proximal stomach localization, and diffuse adenocarcinoma histology. EBV( +) GC also has a unique epigenetic profile and mutational status with frequent mutations of PIK3CA, ARID1A and BCOR, and PD-L1 and PD-L2 amplifications, as well. The aim of this review is to highlight clinical significance of EBV( +) GC and prognostic role of EBV infection, and to determine potentially appropriate drug therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Ignatova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24, Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Daria Seriak
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Fedyanin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24, Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Tryakin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24, Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya Pokataev
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24, Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sofia Menshikova
- Department of Anticancer Drug Treatment, AO K31 City, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yuliya Vakhabova
- Chemotherapy Department of Tumors Drug Treatment, Moscow Scientific Research Oncological Institution N.a. P.A. Herzen, Branch of Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center of Radiology" of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ksenia Smirnova
- Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Tjulandin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 24, Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Zhou Q, Zhou LQ, Li SH, Yuan YW, Liu L, Wang JL, Wu DZ, Wu Y, Xin L. Identification of subtype-specific genes signature by WGCNA for prognostic prediction in diffuse type gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17418-17435. [PMID: 32915770 PMCID: PMC7521533 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a common malignancy and had poor response to treatment due to its strong heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify essential genes associated with diffuse type gastric cancer and construct a powerful prognostic model. RESULTS We conducted a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCN) using transcripts per million (TPM) expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to find out the module related with diffuse type gastric cancer. Combining Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) with multi-cox regression, the 10 specific genes risk score model of diffuse type gastric cancer was established. The concordance index (0.97), the area under the respective ROC curves (AUCs) (1-years: 0.98; 3-years: 1; 5-years: 1) and survival difference of high- and low risk groups (p=2.84e-10) of this model in TCGA dataset were obtained. The moderate predicting performance was observed in the independent cohort of GSE15459 and GSE62254. The results of the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) using high-and low risk group as phenotype indicated differential expression of tumor-related pathways. CONCLUSION Thus, we constructed a reliable prognostic model for diffuse type gastric cancer, which should be beneficial for clinical therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li-Qiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shi-Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Wu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jin-Liang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Deng-Zhong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lin Xin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Lv YL, Han FF, An ZL, Jia Y, Xuan LL, Gong LL, Zhang W, Ren LL, Yang S, Liu H, Liu LH. Cytomegalovirus Infection Is a Risk Factor in Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Cross-Sectional and Meta-Analysis Study. Intervirology 2020; 63:10-16. [PMID: 32772018 DOI: 10.1159/000506683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was planned to investigate the association betweenhuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) risk, by undertaking a meta-analysis and case-control cross-sectional study. SUMMARY A cross-sectional study analysis of 160 GIC patients and 100 control subjects indicated significantly higher HCMV prevalence in GIC patients based on the HCMV IgM test. However, a similar analysis based on an IgG test revealed no significant relationship. Further meta-analysis of 11 studies, including 1,044 patients and 991 healthy subjects, displayed HCMV infection as an important risk factor for not only colorectal cancer occurrence and development based on a HCMV DNA test, but also for GIC based on a HCMV IgM test. However, the IgG test again displayed no significant relationship between HCMV infection and GIC occurrence. Key Message: Overall, our study revealed that HCMV infection is associated with an increased GIC risk. However, additional studies are warranted to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Lv
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-Fei Han
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo-Ling An
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangjie Jia
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Xuan
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Gong
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Lu Ren
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Yang
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - He Liu
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hong Liu
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,
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Pyo JS, Kim NY, Kang DW. Clinicopathological Significance of EBV-Infected Gastric Carcinomas: A Meta-Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56070345. [PMID: 32668573 PMCID: PMC7404405 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56070345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The present study aims to elucidate the clinicopathologic significance of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in gastric carcinomas (GCs) through a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one eligible studies were included in the present meta-analysis. The included patients, with and without EBV infection, were 2063 and 17,684, respectively. We investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics and various biomarkers, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Results: The estimated EBV-infected rate of GCs was 0.113 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.088-0.143). The EBV infection rates in GC cells were 0.138 (95% CI: 0.096-0.194), 0.103 (95% CI: 0.077-0.137), 0.080 (95% CI: 0.061-0.106), and 0.042 (95% CI: 0.016-0.106) in the population of Asia, America, Europe, and Africa, respectively. There was a significant difference between EBV-infected and noninfected GCs in the male: female ratio, but not other clinicopathological characteristics. EBV infection rates were higher in GC with lymphoid stroma (0.573, 95% CI: 0.428-0.706) than other histologic types of GCs. There were significant differences in high AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) and PD-L1 expressions, and high CD8+ TILs between EBV-infected and noninfected GCs. Conclusions: Our results showed that EBV infection of GCs was frequently found in male patients and GCs with lymphoid stroma. EBV infection was significantly correlated with ARID1A and PD-L1 expressions and CD8+ TILs in GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Soo Pyo
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea;
| | - Nae-Yu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea;
| | - Dong-Wook Kang
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, 20 Bodeum 7-ro, Sejong 30099, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwa Street, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-8561-9895
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Yao K, Uedo N, Kamada T, Hirasawa T, Nagahama T, Yoshinaga S, Oka M, Inoue K, Mabe K, Yao T, Yoshida M, Miyashiro I, Fujimoto K, Tajiri H. Guidelines for endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer. Dig Endosc 2020; 32:663-698. [PMID: 32275342 DOI: 10.1111/den.13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society developed the Guideline for Endoscopic Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer based on scientific methods. Endoscopy for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer has been acknowledged as a useful and highly precise examination, and its use has become increasingly more common in recent years. However, the level of evidence in this field is low, and it is often necessary to determine recommendations based on expert consensus only. This clinical practice guideline consists of the following sections to provide the current guideline: [I] Risk stratification of gastric cancer before endoscopic examination, [II] Detection of early gastric cancer, [III] Qualitative diagnosis of early gastric cancer, [IV] Diagnosis to choose the therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer, [V] Risk stratification after endoscopic examination, and [VI] Surveillance of early gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Yao
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriya Uedo
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoari Kamada
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Masashi Oka
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Inoue
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Mabe
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yao
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Isao Miyashiro
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hisao Tajiri
- Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, Tokyo, Japan
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The role of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2020-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is the most common malignancy caused by EBV infection. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as major components of innate immune system are crucial in the development of inflammatory processes and carcinogenesis. The aim of our study was to evaluate tissue and serum level of TLR9 in EBV-positive and EBV-negative gastric cancer patients. The study involved 30 EBV(+) and 30 EBV(-) patients. EBV DNA was detected in fresh frozen tumor tissue. In serum samples TLR9 level, transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and antibodies against EBV were detected using ELISA tests. TLR9 level was also measured in homogenate of tumour tissue. TLR9 level was statistically lower in EBV(+) patients both in serum and tissue, with statistically higher level in tissue than in serum. Lower level of TLR9 was accompanied by higher level of Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen (EBVCA), Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen (EBNA) and early antigen (EA). A lower level of TLR9 was detected in patients with poorly differentiated cancer (G3) and greater lymph nodes involvement (N3-N4). Lower level of TLR9 in patients with EA may point to TLR9 role in reactivation of EBV infection.
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Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P, Grywalska E, Hrynkiewicz R, Wołącewicz M, Becht R, Roliński J. The Double-Edged Sword Role of Viruses in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061680. [PMID: 32599870 PMCID: PMC7352989 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its high morbidity and mortality, gastric cancer is a topic of a great concern throughout the world. Major ways of treatment are gastrectomy and chemotherapy, unfortunately they are not always successful. In a search for more efficient therapy strategies, viruses and their potential seem to be an important issue. On one hand, several oncogenic viruses have been noticed in the case of gastric cancer, making the positive treatment even more advantageous, but on the other, viruses exist with a potential therapeutic role in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (R.H.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.G.); (J.R.)
| | - Rafał Hrynkiewicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (R.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Mikołaj Wołącewicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (R.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Rafał Becht
- Clinical Department of Oncology, Chemotherapy and Cancer Immunotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Roliński
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (E.G.); (J.R.)
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Zhang T, Yin X, Yang X, Man J, He Q, Wu Q, Lu M. Research trends on the relationship between Microbiota and Gastric Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2000 to 2019. J Cancer 2020; 11:4823-4831. [PMID: 32626529 PMCID: PMC7330707 DOI: 10.7150/jca.44126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hundreds of studies have found that the microbiota contributes to the development of gastric cancer in the past two decades. This study aimed to access the research trends of microbiota and gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Publications from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2019 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database and screened according to inclusion criteria. Different kinds of software, SPSS21.0, HistCite, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the online bibliometric analysis platform were used to evaluate and visualize the results. Results: A total of 196 publications were finally identified, and the annual number of publications showed an increasing trend. These publications were from 44 countries and the USA showed its dominant position in publication outputs, H-index, total citations, and international collaborations. The journal of Helicobacter was the most productive journal. Correa P and Peek RM published the most papers, and the most productive institution was Vanderbilt University. The keyword of “Helicobacter pylori” ranked first in research frontiers and appeared earlier, and the keyword of “microbiota” began to appear in the past 3 to 5 years. Conclusion: The annual number of publications would continue to grow. Besides the traditional Helicobacter pylori related researches, future research hotspots will focus on microbiota and its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongchao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaolin Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jinyu Man
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qiufeng He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qiyun Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.,Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
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47
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Tavakoli A, Monavari SH, Solaymani Mohammadi F, Kiani SJ, Armat S, Farahmand M. Association between Epstein-Barr virus infection and gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:493. [PMID: 32487043 PMCID: PMC7268387 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies conducted over the past 30 years have pointed to the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in gastric cancer samples. This study was aimed to provide a meta-analytic review of the prevalence of EBV in gastric cancer patients, and to clarify the relationship between EBV infection and gastric cancer. METHODS A literature search was performed electronically using online databases for English language publications until July 1, 2019. The pooled EBV prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model. To determine the association between EBV and gastric cancer, pooled odds ratio (OR) and its 95% CI were computed for case-control studies. Two separate analyses were performed on data from case-control studies with matched and non-match pairs designs to calculate the pooled estimates of ORs. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of EBV in 20,361 gastric cancer patients was 8.77% (95% CI: 7.73-9.92%; I2 = 83.2%). There were 20 studies with matched pairs design, including tumor and tumor-adjacent normal tissue pairs from 4116 gastric cancer patients. The pooled ORs were 18.56 (95% CI: 15.68-21.97; I2 = 55.4%) for studies with matched pairs design and 3.31 (95% CI: 0.95-11.54; I2 = 55.0%) for studies with non-matched pairs design. The proportion of EBV-associated gastric cancer among male cases was significantly higher than among female cases (10.83%, vs. 5.72%) (P < 0.0001). However, the pooled OR estimate for EBV-associated gastric cancer was significantly higher among females (21.47; 95% CI: 15.55-29.63; I2 = 0%) than in males (14.07; 95% CI: 10.46-18.93; I2 = 49.0%) (P = 0.06). EBV was more prevalent in the cardia (12.47%) and the body (11.68%) compared to the antrum (6.29%) (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS EBV infection is associated with more than 18 times increase the risk of gastric cancer. Although the prevalence of EBV was higher in male patients than in female patients with gastric cancer, women are more likely than men to develop EBV-associated gastric cancer. Our findings showed that using tumor-adjacent normal tissues as the control group provides more robust and accurate results regarding the relationship between EBV infection and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Tavakoli
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamidreza Monavari
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Jalal Kiani
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saber Armat
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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48
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Liu ZQ, He WF, Wu YJ, Zhao SL, Wang L, Ouyang YY, Tang SY. LncRNA SNHG1 promotes EMT process in gastric cancer cells through regulation of the miR-15b/DCLK1/Notch1 axis. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:156. [PMID: 32423385 PMCID: PMC7236477 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumour originating from the gastric mucosa epithelium that seriously threatens human health. DCLK1, miR-15b and lncRNA SNHG1 play potential roles in the occurrence of GC, but the mechanism remains unclear. Methods Gene expression of DCLK1, miR-15b and lncRNA SNHG1 was investigated by qRT-PCR. Protein expression was detected by Western blotting. Migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells was tested by a Transwell assay and wound healing assay. Cell proliferation was measured by an MTT assay. Finally, the correctness of the prediction results was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results The expression of DCLK1, Notch1, and SNHG1 was increased in GC tissues, while the expression of miR-15b was decreased. Overexpression of lncRNA SNHG1 promoted the expression of DCLK1 and Nothc1 in GC cells. Moreover, miR-15b targeted DCLK1 to regulate Notch1 expression and inhibited the EMT process in GC cells. SNHG1 enhanced the effects of DCLK1/Notch1 on the EMT process through regulating miR-15b expression. Conclusion SNHG1 enhances the EMT process in GC cells through DCLK1-mediated Notch1 pathway, which can be a potential target for treating GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qi Liu
- Oncology Department, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, No.427, Section, 3, Furong Middle Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Feng He
- Oncology Department, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, No.427, Section, 3, Furong Middle Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Jie Wu
- Oncology Department of Medical, The First Affiliated hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Li Zhao
- Oncology Department, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, No.427, Section, 3, Furong Middle Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, 443000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yi Ouyang
- Hengyang Central Hospital, Hengyang, 421000, People's Republic of China
| | - San-Yuan Tang
- Oncology Department, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, No.427, Section, 3, Furong Middle Road, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Fernandes Q, Gupta I, Vranic S, Al Moustafa AE. Human Papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr Virus Interactions in Colorectal Cancer: A Brief Review. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9040300. [PMID: 32325943 PMCID: PMC7238043 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9040300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are the most common oncoviruses, contributing to approximately 10%-15% of all malignancies. Oncoproteins of high-risk HPVs (E5 and E6/E7), as well as EBV (LMP1, LMP2A and EBNA1), play a principal role in the onset and progression of several human carcinomas, including head and neck, cervical and colorectal. Oncoproteins of high-risk HPVs and EBV can cooperate to initiate and/or enhance epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) events, which represents one of the hallmarks of cancer progression and metastasis. Although the role of these oncoviruses in several cancers is well established, their role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is still nascent. This review presents an overview of the most recent advances related to the presence and role of high-risk HPVs and EBV in colorectal cancer, with an emphasis on their cooperation in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Queenie Fernandes
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Q.F.); (I.G.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Q.F.); (I.G.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Q.F.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.V.); (A.-E.A.M.); Tel.:+974-4403-7873 (S.V.); +974-4403-7817 (A.-E.A.M.)
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Q.F.); (I.G.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: (S.V.); (A.-E.A.M.); Tel.:+974-4403-7873 (S.V.); +974-4403-7817 (A.-E.A.M.)
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50
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Wang R, Chen XZ. Prevalence of atrophic gastritis in southwest China and predictive strength of serum gastrin-17: A cross-sectional study (SIGES). Sci Rep 2020; 10:4523. [PMID: 32161305 PMCID: PMC7066171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A hospital-based cross-sectional study in SIGES project was conducted during 2016.5-2017.5 in West China Hospital. It was aimed to observe the prevalence of atrophic gastritis (AG) in southwest China, and assess the diagnostic strength of serum gastrin-17 (G-17) in predicting AG in Chinese population. Asymptomatic healthy controls from health check-up, cancer-free patients with unspecific upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and histologically proven gastric cancer patients were eligible, if serum pepsinogen-I (PG-I), PG-II, and G-17 were detected. AG status was classified by the accredited cutoffs of PG-I (<70 ug/L) and PG-I/II ratio (<3). Totally, healthy controls (n = 9,425), symptomatic patients (n = 671) and gastric cancer patients (n = 305) were simultaneously observed, in which the prevalence of AG in southwest China were estimated as 15.9/1,000, 28.3/1,000, and 55.7/1,000 persons, respectively. The age-specific prevalence of AG in healthy controls showed a significantly uphill trend (p for trend <0.001). Higher level of serum G-17 was significantly associated with increased risk of AG in healthy population (15-30 pmol/L, aOR = 20.67, 95% CI 9.17-46.55; >30 pmol/L, aOR = 314.41, 95% CI 166.10-595.12). Throughout the progression of stomach diseases, the diagnostic strength of serum G-17 for AG showed a downhill trend across more advanced situations. In despite of that, serum G-17 displayed a good performance in predicting AG in the entire cross-sectional population (AUC = 0.92, 95% CI 0.89-0.94; SEN = 85.5%; SPE = 93.2%; LR+ = 12.55; LR- = 0.11). Population in southwest China had intermediate prevalence of AG, while the prevalence was increased over age or disease progression. High level of serum G-17 might be a reliable non-invasive measurement to predict AG in southwest Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nursing Section, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Zu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, The Second People's Hosopital of Yibin • West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi • West China Longquan Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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