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Kuraji R, Ye C, Zhao C, Gao L, Martinez A, Miyashita Y, Radaic A, Kamarajan P, Le C, Zhan L, Range H, Sunohara M, Numabe Y, Kapila YL. Nisin lantibiotic prevents NAFLD liver steatosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress following periodontal disease by abrogating oral, gut and liver dysbiosis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:3. [PMID: 38233485 PMCID: PMC10794237 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral microbiome dysbiosis mediates chronic periodontal disease, gut microbial dysbiosis, and mucosal barrier disfunction that leads to steatohepatitis via the enterohepatic circulation. Improving this dysbiosis towards health may improve liver disease. Treatment with antibiotics and probiotics have been used to modulate the microbial, immunological, and clinical landscape of periodontal disease with some success. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the potential for nisin, an antimicrobial peptide produced by Lactococcus lactis, to counteract the periodontitis-associated gut dysbiosis and to modulate the glycolipid-metabolism and inflammation in the liver. Periodontal pathogens, namely Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia and Fusobacterium nucleatum, were administrated topically onto the oral cavity to establish polymicrobial periodontal disease in mice. In the context of disease, nisin treatment significantly shifted the microbiome towards a new composition, commensurate with health while preventing the harmful inflammation in the small intestine concomitant with decreased villi structural integrity, and heightened hepatic exposure to bacteria and lipid and malondialdehyde accumulation in the liver. Validation with RNA Seq analyses, confirmed the significant infection-related alteration of several genes involved in mitochondrial dysregulation, oxidative phosphorylation, and metal/iron binding and their restitution following nisin treatment. In support of these in vivo findings indicating that periodontopathogens induce gastrointestinal and liver distant organ lesions, human autopsy specimens demonstrated a correlation between tooth loss and severity of liver disease. Nisin's ability to shift the gut and liver microbiome towards a new state commensurate with health while mitigating enteritis, represents a novel approach to treating NAFLD-steatohepatitis-associated periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Kuraji
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Changchang Ye
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanjiang Zhao
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Gao
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - April Martinez
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yukihiro Miyashita
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Allan Radaic
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles Le
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ling Zhan
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Helene Range
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Periodontology, University of Rennes, UFR of Odontology; Service d'Odontologie, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
- INSERM CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer); CIC 1414, Rennes, France
| | - Masataka Sunohara
- Department of Anatomy, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yvonne L Kapila
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Poser M, Sing KEA, Ebert T, Ziebolz D, Schmalz G. The rosetta stone of successful ageing: does oral health have a role? Biogerontology 2023; 24:867-888. [PMID: 37421489 PMCID: PMC10615965 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10047-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable aspect of life and thus successful ageing is an important focus of recent scientific efforts. The biological process of ageing is mediated through the interaction of genes with environmental factors, increasing the body's susceptibility to insults. Elucidating this process will increase our ability to prevent and treat age-related disease and consequently extend life expectancy. Notably, centenarians offer a unique perspective on the phenomenon of ageing. Current research highlights several age-associated alterations on the genetic, epigenetic and proteomic level. Consequently, nutrient sensing and mitochondrial function are altered, resulting in inflammation and exhaustion of regenerative ability.Oral health, an important contributor to overall health, remains underexplored in the context of extreme longevity. Good masticatory function ensures sufficient nutrient uptake, reducing morbidity and mortality in old age. The relationship between periodontal disease and systemic inflammatory pathologies is well established. Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease are among the most significant disease burdens influenced by inflammatory oral health conditions. Evidence suggests that the interaction is bi-directional, impacting progression, severity and mortality. Current models of ageing and longevity neglect an important factor in overall health and well-being, a gap that this review intends to illustrate and inspire avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Poser
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Katie E A Sing
- Department of Medicine, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Thomas Ebert
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Lê S, Laurencin-Dalicieux S, Minty M, Assoulant-Anduze J, Vinel A, Yanat N, Loubieres P, Azalbert V, Diemer S, Burcelin R, Canceill T, Thomas C, Blasco-Baque V. Obesity Is Associated with the Severity of Periodontal Inflammation Due to a Specific Signature of Subgingival Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15123. [PMID: 37894804 PMCID: PMC10606428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the link between periodontal microbiota and obesity in humans. We conducted a cohort study including 45 subjects with periodontitis divided into two groups: normo-weighted subjects with a body mass index (BMI) between 20 and 25 kg/m2 (n = 34) and obese subjects with a BMI > 30 kg/m2 (n = 11). Our results showed that obesity was associated with significantly more severe gingival inflammation according to Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA index). Periodontal microbiota taxonomic analysis showed that the obese (OB) subjects with periodontitis were characterized by a specific signature of subgingival microbiota with an increase in Gram-positive bacteria in periodontal pockets, associated with a decrease in microbiota diversity compared to that of normo-weighted subjects with periodontitis. Finally, periodontal treatment response was less effective in OB subjects with persisting periodontal inflammation, reflecting a still unstable periodontal condition and a risk of recurrence. To our knowledge, this study is the first exploring both salivary and subgingival microbiota of OB subjects. Considering that OB subjects are at higher periodontal risk, this could lead to more personalized preventive or therapeutic strategies for obese patients regarding periodontitis through the specific management of oral microbiota of obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Lê
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- Service d’Odontologie Toulouse Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Sara Laurencin-Dalicieux
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- Service d’Odontologie Toulouse Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- INSERM U1295, CERPOP, Epidémiologie et Analyse en Santé Publique, Risques, Maladies Chroniques et Handicaps, 37 Allées Jules Guesdes, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Matthieu Minty
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- Service d’Odontologie Toulouse Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Justine Assoulant-Anduze
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Alexia Vinel
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- Service d’Odontologie Toulouse Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR 1297 Inserm, Team ESTER, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Noor Yanat
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- Service d’Odontologie Toulouse Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Loubieres
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Vincent Azalbert
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Swann Diemer
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Remy Burcelin
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Thibault Canceill
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- Service d’Odontologie Toulouse Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Charlotte Thomas
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- Service d’Odontologie Toulouse Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Vincent Blasco-Baque
- Département d’Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (S.L.); (S.L.-D.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (N.Y.); (P.L.)
- Service d’Odontologie Toulouse Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR1297 Inserm, Team InCOMM/Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhes, 31432 Toulouse, France; (J.A.-A.); (V.A.); (S.D.); (R.B.)
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Anaya-Morua W, Villafan-Bernal JR, Ramírez-Moreno E, García-Ortiz H, Martínez-Portilla RJ, Contreras-Cubas C, Martínez-Hernández A, Centeno-Cruz F, Pedroza-Montoya FE, Orozco L, Barajas-Olmos F. Total Antioxidant Capacity in Obese and Non-Obese Subjects and Its Association with Anthropo-Metabolic Markers: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1512. [PMID: 37627507 PMCID: PMC10451178 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) has been related to the development of and complications associated with chronic diseases, but its importance during obesity is not entirely clear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify whether there are differences or similarities in the TAC between subjects with obesity (SO) and subjects with normal weight (NW). Following the recommendations of PRISMA and Cochrane, we performed a systematic search in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PROSPERO databases, identifying 1607 studies. Among these, 22 studies were included in the final analysis, comprising 3937 subjects (1665 SO and 2272 NW) in whom serum TAC was measured, and from these 19,201 subjects, the correlation of serum TAC with anthropo-metabolic parameters was also estimated. The Newcastle-Ottawa method was used for the evaluation of the risk of bias. Using a random-effect model (REM), TAC was reduced in SO independently of age (SMD, -0.86; 95% CI -1.38 to -0.34; p = 0.0012), whereas malondialdehyde (SMD, 1.50; 95% CI 0.60 to 2.41), oxidative stress index (SMD, 1.0; 95% CI 0.16 to 1.84), and total oxidant status (SMD, 0.80; 0.22 to 1.37) were increased. There were seven significant pooled correlations of TAC with anthropometric and metabolic parameters: weight (r = -0.17), hip circumference (r= -0.11), visceral adipose index (r = 0.29), triglycerides (r = 0.25), aspartate aminotransferase (r = 0.41), alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.38), and uric acid (r = 0.53). Our results confirm a decrease in TAC and an increase in markers of oxidative stress in SO and underpin the importance of these serum biomarkers in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendoline Anaya-Morua
- Academic Area of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Pachuca 42160, Mexico;
| | - José Rafael Villafan-Bernal
- Investigador por México, Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnología (CONAHCYT), Mexico City 03940, Mexico;
- Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine, Mexico City 42160, Mexico; (R.J.M.-P.); (F.E.P.-M.)
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (H.G.-O.); (C.C.-C.); (A.M.-H.); (F.C.-C.)
| | - Esther Ramírez-Moreno
- Academic Area of Nutrition, Interdisciplinary Research Center, Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Pachuca 42184, Mexico;
| | - Humberto García-Ortiz
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (H.G.-O.); (C.C.-C.); (A.M.-H.); (F.C.-C.)
| | - Raigam Jafet Martínez-Portilla
- Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine, Mexico City 42160, Mexico; (R.J.M.-P.); (F.E.P.-M.)
- Clinical Research Branch, Evidence-Based Medicine Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Contreras-Cubas
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (H.G.-O.); (C.C.-C.); (A.M.-H.); (F.C.-C.)
| | - Angélica Martínez-Hernández
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (H.G.-O.); (C.C.-C.); (A.M.-H.); (F.C.-C.)
| | - Federico Centeno-Cruz
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (H.G.-O.); (C.C.-C.); (A.M.-H.); (F.C.-C.)
| | - Florencia Estefana Pedroza-Montoya
- Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine, Mexico City 42160, Mexico; (R.J.M.-P.); (F.E.P.-M.)
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (H.G.-O.); (C.C.-C.); (A.M.-H.); (F.C.-C.)
| | - Francisco Barajas-Olmos
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Mexico City 14610, Mexico; (H.G.-O.); (C.C.-C.); (A.M.-H.); (F.C.-C.)
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Isola G, Santonocito S, Lupi SM, Polizzi A, Sclafani R, Patini R, Marchetti E. Periodontal Health and Disease in the Context of Systemic Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:9720947. [PMID: 37214190 PMCID: PMC10199803 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9720947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During recent years, considerable progress has been made in understanding the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis in its various forms and their interactions with the host. Furthermore, a number of reports have highlighted the importance of oral health and disease in systemic conditions, especially cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. In this regard, research has attempted to explain the role of periodontitis in promoting alteration in distant sites and organs. Recently, DNA sequencing studies have revealed how oral infections can occur in distant sites such as the colon, reproductive tissues, metabolic diseases, and atheromas. The objective of this review is to describe and update the emerging evidence and knowledge regarding the association between periodontitis and systemic disease and to analyse the evidence that has reported periodontitis as a risk factor for the development of various forms of systemic diseases in order to provide a better understanding of the possible shared etiopathogenetic pathways between periodontitis and the different forms of systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saturnino Marco Lupi
- Department of Clinical Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rossana Sclafani
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Romeo Patini
- Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Marchetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Toy VE, Ataoglu T, Eltas A, Otlu HG, Karabulut AB. Obesity as a modifying factor of periodontal therapy outcomes: local and systemic adipocytokines and oxidative stress markers. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-022-04854-7. [PMID: 36604342 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adipocytokines and oxidative stress (OS) are involved in the pathogenesis of both obesity and periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal therapy outcomes in terms of serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of adipocytokines and OS markers in obese patients with periodontitis, in order to have an insight into the association between obesity and periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 39 patients (20 obese, 19 non-obese) with periodontitis were included in this study. Clinical periodontal parameters were assessed; serum and GCF levels of adipocytokines and OS markers were evaluated by ELISA at baseline and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy. RESULTS Significant improvements in clinical periodontal parameters were observed in both groups at 3 months (p < 0.01). While serum levels of TNF-α, leptin, and total oxidant status (TOS) in the obese group were higher at baseline (p < 0.01), leptin levels remained higher at 3 months despite a significant decrease (p < 0.01). Although NSPT improved GCF levels of total antioxidant status (TAS) and TOS in both groups, they were significantly different between the groups after therapy (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It seems that leptin, TNF-α, and TOS contribute to systemic inflammatory and oxidative state in patients with obesity. Despite improvements in clinical periodontal parameters, obesity might be a modulating factor in the development and progression of periodontal disease in terms of some adipocytokines and OS markers. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Since the global burden of both obesity and periodontitis is continuously increasing, the management of these inflammatory diseases has become more important. The current study contributes to our understanding of the role of OS and adipocytokines on the relationship between obesity and periodontitis by response to periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesile Elif Toy
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Tamer Ataoglu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abubekir Eltas
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Husniye Gul Otlu
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Aysun Bay Karabulut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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Oxidative stress in metabolic diseases: current scenario and therapeutic relevance. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:185-196. [PMID: 35764861 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a clustering condition of increased abdominal obesity in concert with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. It confers higher risk of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and ischemic heart disease and has been observed to be associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is a progressive pathological process for diabetes-induced complications and appears to be multifactorial in origin. Several preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological reports have shown a persistent link between the metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress. There is pronounced imbalance between pro-oxidants and anti-oxidants with increased production of oxidizing molecules, depletion of anti-oxidants, and consequently accumulation of protein and lipid oxidation products in the cell in metabolic syndrome. The increased cellular pro-oxidant activity also results in altered molecular pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulation in cell cycle control, chromosomal aberrations, inflammation, and overall decreased biological activity as well as impairment of the antioxidant systems. Here, the focus of our review article will be on the formation of oxidative species, the interplay between metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress, and its potential implications in therapeutic approaches.
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Čolak D, Cmok Kučič A, Pintar T, Gašperšič R. Periodontal Therapy in Bariatric Surgery Patients with Periodontitis: Randomized Control Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226837. [PMID: 36431314 PMCID: PMC9693218 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) patients may experience the progression of periodontitis during recovery. We aimed to determine whether non-surgical periodontal therapy before BS improves the periodontal and systemic health parameters after the surgery. Methods: BS candidates with periodontitis were randomized into the test (TG) and control group (CG). One month before BS (pre-BS), patients in the TG (n = 15) received non-surgical periodontal therapy, while patients in the CG (n = 15) received only mechanical plaque removal. Patients were re-examined 3 and 6 months after BS. Differences between the TG and CG in clinical periodontal parameters, systemic health-related serum biomarkers, parameters of obesity, and prevalence of obesity-related diseases were evaluated. Results: From the 30 included patients, 26 were re-examined at 3 months and 20 patients at 6 months. Periodontal parameters bleeding on probing (p = 0.015), periodontal pocket dept (PPD, p = 0.0015), % PPD > 4 mm (p < 0.001), and full-mouth plaque levels (p = 0.002) were lower in the TG than in the CG at 6 months after BS. There is a general improvement in systemic health after BS without significant differences (p > 0.05) between the TG and CG at the 6-month follow-up. The TG shows a tendency for improvement in metabolic syndrome components at the 6-month follow-up compared to pre-BS (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Non-surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis patients before the BS may improve periodontal health 3 and 6 months after the surgery. The possible benefits of periodontal therapy on the overall health of BS patients should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejana Čolak
- Department of Oral Diseases and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alja Cmok Kučič
- Department of Oral Diseases and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tadeja Pintar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Gašperšič
- Department of Oral Diseases and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Özdemir EÇ, Erciyas K, Ünsal B, Sezer U, Taysi S, Araz M. THE EFFECTS OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS AND OBESITY ON TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT/OXIDANT STATUS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS INDEX. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2022; 18:294-300. [PMID: 36699178 PMCID: PMC9867810 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2022.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective Both obesity and periodontal diseases are significant diseases that affect the quality of life. Recent studies have focused on the relationship between obesity and periodontal disease. The aim of this study is to determine the pathophysiological relationship between obesity and periodontal disease by evaluating the clinical periodontal parameters and oxidative status. Subjects and Methods The study included 80 individuals divided into four groups including 20 individuals in each group as following; periodontally healthy patients with normal weight, (NH), patients with chronic periodontitis and normal weight (NCP), periodontally healthy patients with obesity (OH) and patients with chronic periodontitis and obesity (OCP). Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded, and serum, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were obtained. Local and systemic levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) were assessed biochemically. Results No statistically significant difference was found among the groups regarding TAS, TOS and OSI values in serum and saliva samples (p>0.05). GCF-TAS values in NH group were statistically significantly higher compared with other groups (p<0,05) . GCF TOS values increased in obese groups (OH, OCP) compared with non-obese groups (NH, NCP) (p<0.05). Our results suggest that obesity and chronic periodontitis do not effect oxidant/antioxidant levels in serum and saliva. Conclusions Many factors such as daily living conditions of the individual, stress and nutritional habits TAS and TOS levels of the individual may affect oxidative stress parameters. However, these factors could not be standardized in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Çetin Özdemir
- Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Dept., Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - K. Erciyas
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Dept., Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - B. Ünsal
- Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Dept., Ankara, Turkey
| | - U. Sezer
- Istanbul Gelişim University, Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Dept., Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S. Taysi
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Dept., Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - M. Araz
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Dept., Gaziantep, Turkey
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Tomova Z, Tomov D, Chonin A, Stoeva I, Vlahova A, Vasileva E. Oxidative Stress in the Oral Cavity before and After Prosthetic Treatment. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Metal ions emitted from dental alloys may induce oxidative stress leading to numerous pathological changes. Lipid peroxidation may cause disturbance of structure and function of cell membranes, apoptosis, autophagy, and formation of potentially mutagenic compounds. Products of interaction between reactive oxygen species and biomolecules may be used for evaluation of oxidative stress level.
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the prosthetic dental treatment with metal ceramic restorations on the level of oxidative stress in the oral cavity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Metal ceramic crowns with copings fabricated by direct metal laser sintering were produced for 35 patients. CoCr dental alloy EOS CobaltChrome SP2 (EOS) was used. Non-stimulated and stimulated saliva samples were collected from the patients before and after the prosthetic treatment. For evaluation of oxidative stress concentration of 8-isoPGF2-alpha was measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. For statistical processing, non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney test were applied.
RESULTS: The concentration of isoprostane 8-isoPGF2-alpha in non-stimulated saliva was lower 2 h after fixing the crowns compared to the initial level and statistically significant difference was observed. On the 7th day the concentration of isoprostanes remained significantly lower than the initial one. No significant differences were found in isoprostane concentration in stimulated saliva before and after prosthetic treatment.
CONCLUSION: Prosthetic dental treatment leads to decrease in oral oxidative stress.
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11
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Obesity in young women is positively associated with periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6139-6149. [PMID: 35624385 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the association between excess body weight and periodontitis in adults, stratified by sex and age, and using different criteria for obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Enrolled in the study were 345 individuals with a minimum age of 18 years who had attended the Public Health Service in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. All individuals underwent a complete periodontal examination and anthropometric measurements and answered a questionnaire regarding their socioeconomic, demographic, health, and lifestyle conditions. Excess body weight (exposure factor) was defined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained by Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. RESULTS Periodontitis was found in 74.2% of study participants, with the disease being more prevalent among those individuals with increased WC. The occurrence of overweight was 44.4% and that of obesity ranged from 29.9 to 70.8%, dependent upon the specific definition of obesity that was used. There was a positive association between obesity (WC > 88 cm) and periodontitis only among women, after adjustment for age, smoking habit, education level, diabetes, and family income (PRadjusted: 1.20; 95%CI: [1.01-1.44]). The magnitude of this positive association was higher among women aged 18 to 49 years when the outcome was severe periodontitis, and the exposure was obesity defined by WC. CONCLUSIONS The findings draw attention to the high frequency of the diseases investigated: overweight, obesity and periodontitis. Moreover, obesity was positively associated with periodontitis in women and younger individuals, demonstrating that among those with obesity, there is a higher probability of having periodontitis. The smaller number study of men in the may have influenced the non-statistically significant association found in that group. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Obese females and younger people are more likely to also have periodontitis. Periodontal evaluation and clinical management of individuals with obesity is recommended.
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Maulani C, Auerkari EI, C. Masulili SL, Kusdhany LS, Prahasanti C, Soedarsono N. Obesity correlated to a higher risk of acquiring periodontitis: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2022; 10:643. [PMID: 35136574 PMCID: PMC8792873 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.53823.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between obesity and periodontitis, among other risk factors for periodontitis. Methods: In total, 262 Indonesian male and female subjects were analysed for body mass index (BMI), oral hygiene, plaque index, and clinically evaluated periodontitis. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman tests and Pearson chi-square tests to estimate the correlation between BMI and periodontitis. Multivariate binary logistic analysis was conducted between covariate and periodontitis. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 48.47%. There were positive correlations between BMI and periodontal status for healthy-mild periodontitis, moderate, and severe periodontitis respectively. BMI and periodontitis crude odds ratio (OR) = 2.31 (95% CI 1.41-3.78); p < 0.05, adjusted OR of BMI among other variables, was 1.88 (95%CI 1.05-3.37); p < 0.05. Exploration of the ROC curve found a BMI cut off point of 24.785 kg/m2. Conclusion: Obesity by BMI measurement of ≥ 25kg/m2 correlated to a higher risk of acquiring periodontitis compared to normal-weight individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaerita Maulani
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Elza Ibrahim Auerkari
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Sri Lelyati C. Masulili
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Lindawati S. Kusdhany
- Departement of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Chiquita Prahasanti
- Departement of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Nurtami Soedarsono
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
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Kataoka S, Kimura M, Yamaguchi T, Egashira K, Yamamoto Y, Koike Y, Ogawa Y, Fujiharu C, Namai T, Taguchi K, Takahashi M, Kameda A, Kasen T, Hano A, Kubota K, Sato M, Yamaga H, Nohara K, Shirasawa M, Sekine C, Fukuda M, Aoki A, Takeuchi Y, Mugiyama M, Mori K, Sawada K, Kashiwagi Y, Kitamura M, Hayashi T, Nakagawa T, Murakami S. A cross-sectional study of relationships between periodontal disease and general health: The Hitachi Oral Healthcare Survey. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:644. [PMID: 34911523 PMCID: PMC8672581 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study performed to clarify the relationship between periodontal disease and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by introducing dental examinations into the annual health examinations conducted by Japanese companies, and to highlights the importance of a medical system that connects dental and medical professionals. METHODS A total of 1.022 Hitachi Ltd. employees were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We examined correlations and odds ratios (ORs) between the dental and overall health of employees using stratification and multiple logistic regression analyses based on the periodontal health indicators, general health indicators, and occlusal force. RESULTS The adjusted OR of PPD for obesity (OR, 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.84; p = 0.009), IGT (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.00-2.20; p = 0.049), and COPD (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.02-1.88; p = 0.038) significantly differed. The adjusted OR of body mass index (OR, 1.28; 95% CI 1.15-1.42; p < 0.001), haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) (OR, 4.34; 95% CI, 1.89-9.98; p < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels (OR, 1.08; 95% CI 1.04-1.11; p < 0.001), postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio (%FEV1) (OR, 0.95; 95% CI 0.91-1.00; p = 0.031) and smoking (OR, 2.32; 95% CI 1.62-3.33; p < 0.001) for severe periodontal disease also significantly differed. Occlusal force was significantly reduced in employees aged 50-59 years compared to those aged 40-49 years. Both PPD, HbA1c, FBG levels were significantly associated with occlusal force among employees with moderate/severe periodontitis. PPD was significantly associated with occlusal force among employees with and moderate COPD, and ASCVD. %FEV1 was significantly associated with occlusal force among employees with IGT. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study revealed mutual relationships among periodontal disease, NCDs, and occlusal force on Japanese corporate workers. We demonstrated that a comprehensive, regional healthcare system centred on annual integrated dental and physical health examinations in the workplace will benefit employees and positively impact corporate health insurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Kataoka
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kimura
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsuguno Yamaguchi
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Egashira
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yu Yamamoto
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasushi Koike
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Ogawa
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chika Fujiharu
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiko Namai
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Taguchi
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momoko Takahashi
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asami Kameda
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Kasen
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asami Hano
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Konomi Kubota
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sato
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yamaga
- Research and Development Head Quarters, LION Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaori Nohara
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikiko Shirasawa
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Sekine
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Fukuda
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arisa Aoki
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurina Takeuchi
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misaki Mugiyama
- The LION Foundation for Dental Health (Public Interest Incorporated Foundation), Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Mori
- Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keigo Sawada
- Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Takeshi Hayashi
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi Limited, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi Limited, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Kuraji R, Sekino S, Kapila Y, Numabe Y. Periodontal disease-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: An emerging concept of oral-liver axis. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:204-240. [PMID: 34463983 PMCID: PMC8456799 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissues, is not only a major cause of tooth loss, but it is also known to exacerbate/be associated with various metabolic disorders, such as obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. Recently, growing evidence has suggested that periodontal disease has adverse effects on the pathophysiology of liver disease. In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, has been associated with periodontal disease. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by hepatic fat deposition in the absence of a habitual drinking history, viral infections, or autoimmune diseases. A subset of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases can develop into more severe and progressive forms, namely nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The latter can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are end‐stage liver diseases. Extensive research has provided plausible mechanisms to explain how periodontal disease can negatively affect nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, namely via hematogenous or enteral routes. During periodontitis, the liver is under constant exposure to various pathogenic factors that diffuse systemically from the oral cavity, such as bacteria and their by‐products, inflammatory cytokines, and reactive oxygen species, and these can be involved in disease promotion of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Also, gut microbiome dysbiosis induced by enteral translocation of periodontopathic bacteria may impair gut wall barrier function and promote the transfer of hepatotoxins and enterobacteria to the liver through the enterohepatic circulation. Moreover, in a population with metabolic syndrome, the interaction between periodontitis and systemic conditions related to insulin resistance further strengthens the association with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, most of the pathologic links between periodontitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in humans are provided by epidemiologic observational studies, with the causal relationship not yet being established. Several systematic and meta‐analysis studies also show conflicting results. In addition, the effect of periodontal treatment on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has hardly been studied. Despite these limitations, the global burden of periodontal disease combined with the recent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease epidemic has important clinical and public health implications. Emerging evidence suggests an association between periodontal disease and liver diseases, and thus we propose the term periodontal disease–related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or periodontal disease–related nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Continued efforts in this area will pave the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches based on a periodontologic viewpoint to address this life‐threatening liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Kuraji
- Department of Life Science Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Satoshi Sekino
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Lăzureanu PC, Popescu F, Tudor A, Stef L, Negru AG, Mihăilă R. Saliva pH and Flow Rate in Patients with Periodontal Disease and Associated Cardiovascular Disease. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e931362. [PMID: 34305133 PMCID: PMC8323473 DOI: 10.12659/msm.931362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease, a frequent oral health problem, is connected with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the unstimulated saliva flow rate and saliva pH as markers of the severity of periodontal disease in patients with cardiovascular disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cohort of 155 patients (78 men and 77 women, aged 30-92 years) was included, and a structured questionnaire obtained information about their health status, oral healthcare behaviors, and eating habits. An oral examination was performed to assess periodontal status and presence of dental calculus. The unstimulated whole salivary flow rate and salivary pH were measured. An oral hygienization was performed, and 3 months later, salivary flow rate and pH were reevaluated. RESULTS A severe form of periodontal disease was found in 22.4% of patients. Disease severity was strongly correlated with low pH values (6.25 in stage IV periodontal disease), lower salivary flow rate (0.28 mL/min), smoking, poor oral hygiene habits and obesity, with no significant differences by sex. We observed a significant increase of pH (up to 6.30±0.17) in patients with severe periodontal disease (P=0.001) and salivary flow rate values (0.29±0.07 mL/min; P=0.014) 3 months after oral hygienization. There was a strong association between the severity of periodontal disease and presence of cardiovascular disease (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the decrease of salivary flow rate and pH level might be associated with the severity of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florina Popescu
- Department of Occupational Health, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Anca Tudor
- Department of Functional Science, Discipline of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Laura Stef
- Department of Oral Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Research Center for Complex Physical Systems, Lucian Blaga University, Sibiu, Romania
| | - Alina Gabriela Negru
- Department of Cardiology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Romeo Mihăilă
- Department of Internal Medicine, County Emergency Hospital Sibiu, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University, Sibiu, Romania
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16
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Cui D, Chen C, Luo B, Yan F. Inhibiting PHD2 in human periodontal ligament cells via lentiviral vector-mediated RNA interference facilitates cell osteogenic differentiation and periodontal repair. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:449-459. [PMID: 33988258 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ma0321-761r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal defect regeneration in severe periodontitis remains a challenging task in clinic owing to poor survival of seed cells caused by the remaining oxidative stress microenvironment. Recently, the reduction of prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2), a primary cellular oxygen sensor, has shown an incredible extensive effect on skeletal muscle tissue regeneration by improving cell resistance to reactive oxygen species, whereas its role in periodontal defect repair is unclear. Here, through lentivirus vector-mediated RNA interference, the PHD2 gene in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) is silenced, leading to hypoxia-inducible factor-1α stabilization in normoxia. In vitro, PHD2 silencing not only exhibited a satisfactory effect on cell proliferation, but also induced distinguished osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting revealed significant up-regulation of osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2, and collagen type I (COL I). Under oxidative stress conditions, COL I and ALP expression levels, suppressed by 100 μM H2 O2 , were elevated by PHD2-gene-silencing in hPDLCs. In vivo, periodontal fenestration defects were established in 18 female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6 wk old, followed by implantation of PHD2 silencing hPDLCs in situ for 21 d. Persistent and stable silencing of PHD2 in hPDLCs promoted better new bone formation according to microcomputed tomography 3D reconstruction and related bone parameter analysis. This work demonstrates the therapeutic efficiency of PHD2 gene interference in osteogenic differentiation and periodontal defect repair for highly efficient periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cui
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changxing Chen
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binyan Luo
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang J, Sun M, Zhao Y, Geng G, Hu Y. Identification of Gingivitis-Related Genes Across Human Tissues Based on the Summary Mendelian Randomization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:624766. [PMID: 34026747 PMCID: PMC8134671 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.624766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are among the most frequent inflammatory diseases affecting children and adolescents, which affect the supporting structures of the teeth and lead to tooth loss and contribute to systemic inflammation. Gingivitis is the most common periodontal infection. Gingivitis, which is mainly caused by a substance produced by microbial plaque, systemic disorders, and genetic abnormalities in the host. Identifying gingivitis-related genes across human tissues is not only significant for understanding disease mechanisms but also disease development and clinical diagnosis. The Genome-wide association study (GWAS) a commonly used method to mine disease-related genetic variants. However, due to some factors such as linkage disequilibrium, it is difficult for GWAS to identify genes directly related to the disease. Hence, we constructed a data integration method that uses the Summary Mendelian randomization (SMR) to combine the GWAS with expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data to identify gingivitis-related genes. Five eQTL studies from different human tissues and one GWAS studies were referenced in this paper. This study identified several candidates SNPs and genes relate to gingivitis in tissue-specific or cross-tissue. Further, we also analyzed and explained the functions of these genes. The R program for the SMR method has been uploaded to GitHub(https://github.com/hxdde/SMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology and Dental Hygiene, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingai Sun
- General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin, China
| | - Guannan Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Association between clinical measures of gingival inflammation and obesity in adults: systematic review and meta-analyses. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:4281-4298. [PMID: 33904994 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically review the literature about the association between clinical measures of gingival inflammation and obesity in adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS Searches for studies were performed in five databases (Medline-PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase) to compile studies of any design that evaluated the association between clinical measures of gingival inflammation and obesity in adults. Selection of studies, data extraction and risk of bias analysis were performed independently by two reviewers, and a third researcher was involved to resolve disagreements. Meta-analyses were performed for measures of gingival inflammation as compared to body mass index (BMI). Independent analyses were performed for studies involving periodontitis, gingivitis, and population-based/studies that did not provide a periodontal diagnosis. Standard mean deviation (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated. RESULTS Ninety studies were included (cross-sectional/clinical trials [n=82], case-control [n=3], cohorts [n=5]). Most of the studies demonstrated no significant difference in the measures of gingival inflammation regardless of the comparison performed. However, meta-analysis showed that among individuals with periodontitis, significantly higher levels of gingival inflammation are observed in those with obesity (n of individuals=240) when compared to those who were not obese (n of individuals=574) (SMD:0.26; 95%CI:0.07-0.44). When considering population-based/those studies that did not provide periodontal diagnosis, significantly higher measures of gingival inflammation were observed in the groups with higher BMI. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the present study, it was concluded that higher measures of gingival inflammation may be expected for those with higher BMI. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinicians must be aware that higher measures of gingival inflammation may be expected for individuals with higher BMI. However, there is a necessity for further longitudinal studies regarding the association between obesity and gingival inflammation.
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Association between metabolic and hormonal profile, proinflammatory cytokines in saliva and gingival health in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:193. [PMID: 33849511 PMCID: PMC8045362 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Research studies indicate that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase susceptibility to periodontal disease. The mechanisms that link both conditions are not entirely understood. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the impact of hormonal and metabolic disturbances on the gingival health and salivary levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL1-β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in adolescent girls with PCOS. Methods Thirty-one patients with PCOS and twenty-eight healthy age-mates (as the control group) were enrolled in the study. Individuals with PCOS underwent blood tests for the determination of hormonal and metabolic parameters. Saliva samples were collected to measure salivary testosterone and proinflammatory cytokines in both studied groups. Calibrated dentist assessed oral hygiene and gingival health of all subjects. Results Salivary testosterone was significantly higher in the study group (p = 0.0007). The groups did not differ significantly concerning periodontal parameters. Patients with PCOS revealed higher levels of salivary cytokines (p < 0.0001). Gingival index (GI) and the percentage of sites bleeding upon probing (BOP%) were positively correlated with the plaque index (PI) in both groups (rs ≥ 0.60, p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with salivary testosterone level in the PCOS group (rs = − 0.44, p = 0.0138 and rs = − 0.37, p = 0.0424, respectively). BOP% was also positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) in the control group (rs = 0.40, p = 0.0368) and index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in the study group (rs = 0.48, p = 0.0068). Salivary testosterone was positively correlated with TNF-α in the control group (rs = 0.41, p = 0.0321), while in the study group, total testosterone (TT) was positively correlated with IL-6 (rs = 0.37, p = 0.0400) and free androgen index (FAI) with TNF-α (rs = 0.36, p = 0.0491). Conclusions Gingival health of the examined population was associated primarily with oral hygiene and, to a lesser extent, with the hormonal and metabolic profile. Despite similar periodontal parameters in the both studied groups, patients with PCOS revealed significantly higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines in saliva, which might be the manifestation of the systemic low-grade inflammation associated with PCOS.
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20
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Rowińska I, Szyperska-Ślaska A, Zariczny P, Pasławski R, Kramkowski K, Kowalczyk P. The Influence of Diet on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Bacterial Biofilms in the Human Oral Cavity. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1444. [PMID: 33809616 PMCID: PMC8001659 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The article is a concise compendium of knowledge on the etiology of pathogenic microorganisms of all complexes causing oral diseases. The influence of particular components of the diet and the role of oxidative stress in periodontal diseases were described. The study investigated the bacteriostatic effect of the diet of adults in in vivo and in vitro tests on the formation of bacterial biofilms living in the subgingival plaque, causing diseases called periodontitis. If left untreated, periodontitis can damage the gums and alveolar bones. Anaerobic bacteria, called periopathogens or periodontopathogens, play a key role in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis. The most important periopathogens of the oral microbiota are bacteria of all complexes, including the red complex. The obtained results suggest the possibility of using a specific diet in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases-already treated as a disease of civilization. The quoted article is an innovative compilation of knowledge on this subject and it can be a valuable source of knowledge for professional hygienists, dentists, peridontologists, dentistry students and anyone who cares about proper oral hygiene. The obtained results suggest the possibility of using this type of diet in the prophylaxis of the oral cavity in order to avoid periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Rowińska
- The Medical and Social Center for Vocational and Continuing Education in Toruń, St. Jana 1/3, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (I.R.); (A.S.-Ś.)
| | - Adrianna Szyperska-Ślaska
- The Medical and Social Center for Vocational and Continuing Education in Toruń, St. Jana 1/3, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (I.R.); (A.S.-Ś.)
| | - Piotr Zariczny
- Toruń City Hall, Business Support Center in Toruń, ul. Marii Konopnickiej 13, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Robert Pasławski
- Veterinary Insitute, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, str. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Karol Kramkowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilińskiego 1str, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
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21
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Lütfioğlu M, Sakallıoğlu U, Sakallıoğlu EE, Özden FO, Ürkmez SS, Bilgici B. Effects of smoking on the gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-17A, interleukin-17E, and oxidative stress following periodontal treatment process. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:388-396. [PMID: 33458831 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND How smoking affects periodontal inflammation and healing still needs to be revealed with all its mechanisms. In this study, the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of: (a) interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-17E(IL-17E) with their ratios and (b) oxidative stress by means of total oxidative stress (TOS), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAOC), and their ratios as the oxidative stress index (OSI) were evaluated and compared for smoking and non-smoking periodontitis patients after a periodontitis management process including both the non-surgical and surgical treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen smoker and 15 non-smoker generalized periodontitis patients as 2 distinct groups participated in the study. Conventional clinical and radiographical examinations were utilized for the periodontitis diagnosis. The clinical data and GCF samples were collected at baseline, 4 week after non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT), and 4 weeks after surgical periodontal treatment (SPT). IL-17A, IL-17E, TOS, and TAOC were determined by ELISA and Rel Assay. RESULTS Clinical parameters in both smokers and non-smokers improved following periodontal treatment (P < .001) and their clinical data were similar for all the examination times (baseline, NSPT, and SPT) (P > .05). Following the treatment phases, the IL-17A concentration decreased and the IL-17E concentration increased in both the smokers and non-smokers (P < .01). The total amount of IL-17A decreased while the total amount of IL-17E increased in smokers throughout NSPT and SPT (P < .01). Such an alteration was seen only at SPT compared to NSPT and baseline in non-smokers (P < .01). The concentration and total amount of IL-17A were higher at baseline, and the concentration and total amount of IL-17E were lower at all examination time points in non-smokers as compared to smokers (P < .01). The 17A/E ratio decreased in both groups following the treatment phases and was higher in smokers at all the examination times (P < .01). TOS were higher and TAOC were lower in smokers versus non-smokers at all the time points, but the differences were significant only for TOS levels (P < .01). Throughout the treatment phases, the concentration and total amount of TOS decreased in smokers(P < .01) and only the total amount of TOS decreased in non-smokers (P < .01). The concentration and total amounts of TAOC increased throughout the treatments in both smokers and non-smokers without significant changes (P > .05). The baseline OSI was higher in smokers, and it decreased only in smokers following the treatment phases (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Smoking and periodontal inflammation were found to alter IL-17A, IL-17E, and oxidant/anti-oxidant statuses in periodontitis patients. The intra-group assessments in smokers demonstrated more apparent alterations in the oxidant/anti-oxidant statuses and IL-17A and IL-17E levels after periodontitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Lütfioğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Umur Sakallıoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Eser Elif Sakallıoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Feyza O Özden
- Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sebati Sinan Ürkmez
- Department of Biochemistry, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Birsen Bilgici
- Department of Biochemistry, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
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Zhang S, Niu Y, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Guo Q, Yang Y, Zhou X, Ding Y, Liu C. Biochanin A alleviates gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss in rats with experimental periodontitis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:251. [PMID: 33178349 PMCID: PMC7654219 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochanin A (BA) is an organic compound produced by Trifolium pretense and Arachis hypogaea with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of BA on gingival inflammation and alveolar bone destruction in rats with experimental periodontitis. Experimental rats (n=25) were distributed equally into five groups: i) Healthy control (control) group; ii) experimental periodontitis (ligation) group; and iii) and ligation plus low, medium and high dose of BA (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg/day, respectively) groups. A nylon ligature was inserted around rats' maxillary molars for 14 days to trigger the experimental periodontitis. BA was intravenous injected once daily for 4 weeks. After that, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and osteocalcin (OCN) levels were determined in gingival and/or serum samples using ELISA or reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Alveolar bone volume was assessed via hematoxylin and eosin staining and micro-computed tomography. Osteoclasts were identified by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and the level of the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) was also detected by immunohistochemical staining. BA treatment groups showed alleviated alveolar bone resorption compared with the ligation group. Moreover, BA treatment significantly inhibited IL-1β, TNF-α, ROS levels, and reduced leukocyte acid phosphatase-positive cells, as well as increased OCN and Nrf2 levels compared with the ligation group. BA had beneficial effects on experimental periodontitis of rats. BA treatment inhibited inflammation, regulated unbalanced oxidative stress response and ameliorated the alveolar bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengdan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- General Stomatology Clinic, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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23
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Sczepanik FSC, Grossi ML, Casati M, Goldberg M, Glogauer M, Fine N, Tenenbaum HC. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of oxidative stress: We should treat it that way. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:45-68. [PMID: 32844417 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent disease. As it progresses, it causes serious morbidity in the form of periodontal abscesses and tooth loss and, in the latter stages, pain. It is also now known that periodontitis is strongly associated with several nonoral diseases. Thus, patients with periodontitis are at greater risk for the development and/or exacerbation of diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular diseases, among other conditions. Although it is without question that specific groups of oral bacteria which populate dental plaque play a causative role in the development of periodontitis, it is now thought that once this disease has been triggered, other factors play an equal, and possibly more important, role in its progression, particularly in severe cases or in cases that prove difficult to treat. In this regard, we allude to the host response, specifically the notion that the host, once infected with oral periodontal pathogenic bacteria, will mount a defense response mediated largely through the innate immune system. The most abundant cell type of the innate immune system - polymorphonuclear neutrophils - can, when protecting the host from microbial invasion, mount a response that includes upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and reactive oxygen species, all of which then contribute to the tissue damage and loss of teeth commonly associated with periodontitis. Of the mechanisms referred to here, we suggest that upregulation of reactive oxygen species might play one of the most important roles in the establishment and progression of periodontitis (as well as in other diseases of inflammation) through the development of oxidative stress. In this overview, we discuss both innate and epigenetic factors (eg, diabetes, smoking) that lead to the development of oxidative stress. This oxidative stress then provides an environment conducive to the destructive processes observed in periodontitis. Therefore, we shall describe some of the fundamental characteristics of oxidative stress and its effects on the periodontium, discuss the diseases and other factors that cause oxidative stress, and, finally, review potentially novel therapeutic approaches for the management (and possibly even the reversal) of periodontitis, which rely on the use of therapies, such as resveratrol and other antioxidants, that provide increased antioxidant activity in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Márcio Lima Grossi
- School of Health Sciences, Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcio Casati
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University (UNIP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Michael Goldberg
- Discipline of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Periodontology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Noah Fine
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard C Tenenbaum
- Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Thodupuzha, India.,Faculty of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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24
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Sanada T, Sano T, Sotomaru Y, Alshargabi R, Yamawaki Y, Yamashita A, Matsunaga H, Iwashita M, Shinjo T, Kanematsu T, Asano T, Nishimura F. Anti-inflammatory effects of miRNA-146a induced in adipose and periodontal tissues. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 22:100757. [PMID: 32346618 PMCID: PMC7178317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in diverse cellular biological processes such as inflammatory response, differentiation and proliferation, and carcinogenesis. miR-146a has been suggested as a negative regulator of the inflammatory reaction. Although, it has been reported as expressed in inflamed adipose and periodontal tissues, however, miR-146a's inhibitory effects against inflammatory response in both the tissues, are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, the inhibitory effects of miR-146a on both adipose and periodontal inflammation, was investigated. In vitro study has revealed that miR-146a transfection into either adipocytes or gingival fibroblasts, has resulted in a reduced cytokine gene expression, observed on co-culturing the cells with macrophages in the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), in comparison to the control miRNA transfected. Similarly, miR-146a transfection into macrophages resulted in a reduced expression of TNF-α gene and protein in response to LPS stimulation. In vivo study revealed that a continuous intravenous miR-146a administration into mice via tail vein, protected the mice from developing high-fat diet-induced obesity and the inflammatory cytokine gene expression was down-regulated in both adipose and periodontal tissues. miR-146a appeared to be induced by macrophage-derived inflammatory signals such as TNF-α by negative feed-back mechanism, and it suppressed inflammatory reaction in both adipose and periodontal tissues. Therefore, miR-146a could be suggested as a potential therapeutic molecule and as a common inflammatory regulator for both obesity-induced diabetes and related periodontal diseases. miR-146a induced by adipose and periodontal inflammation via macrophage mediators. miR-146a is a negative inflammation regulator in adipose and periodontal tissues. miR-146a is a potential therapeutic target against obesity and periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Sanada
- Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Sano
- Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sotomaru
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Rehab Alshargabi
- Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamawaki
- Department of Advanced Pharmacology, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamashita
- Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matsunaga
- Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Misaki Iwashita
- Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanori Shinjo
- Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanematsu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Pharmacology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoichiro Asano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Dysfunction of Salivary Glands, Disturbances in Salivary Antioxidants and Increased Oxidative Damage in Saliva of Overweight and Obese Adolescents. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020548. [PMID: 32079369 PMCID: PMC7074099 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is inseparably connected with oxidative stress. This process may disturb the functioning of the oral cavity, although the effect of oxidative stress on salivary gland function and changes in the qualitative composition of saliva are still unknown. Our study is the first to evaluate salivary redox homeostasis in 40 overweight and obese adolescents and in the age- and gender-matched control group. We demonstrated strengthening of the antioxidant barrier (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, uric acid, total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) with a simultaneous decrease in reduced glutathione concentration in saliva (non-stimulated/stimulated) in overweight and obese teenagers compared to the controls. The concentration of the products of oxidative damage to proteins (advanced glycation end products), lipids (malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal) and DNA (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) as well as total oxidative status were significantly higher in both non-stimulated and stimulated saliva as well as plasma of overweight and obese adolescents. Importantly, we observed more severe salivary and plasma redox alterations in obese adolescents compared to overweight individuals. In the study group, we also noted a drop in stimulated salivary secretion and a decrease in total protein content. Interestingly, dysfunction of parotid glands in overweight and obese teenagers intensified with the increase of BMI. We also showed that the measurement of salivary catalase and TAC could be used to assess the central antioxidant status of overweight and obese adolescents.
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26
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Zalewska A, Szarmach I, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Maciejczyk M. The Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Respiratory Enzymes, ADP/ATP Ratio, Glutathione Metabolism, and Nitrosative Stress in the Salivary Gland Mitochondria of Insulin Resistant Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020458. [PMID: 32059375 PMCID: PMC7071150 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first study to assess the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the mitochondrial respiratory system, as well as free radical production, glutathione metabolism, nitrosative stress, and apoptosis in the salivary gland mitochondria of rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance (IR). The study was conducted on male Wistar rats divided into four groups of 10 animals each: C (control, rats fed a standard diet containing 10.3% fat), C + NAC (rats fed a standard diet, receiving NAC intragastrically), HFD (rats fed a high-fat diet containing 59.8% fat), and HFD + NAC (rats fed HFD diet, receiving NAC intragastrically). We confirmed that 8 weeks of HFD induces systemic IR as well as disturbances in mitochondrial complexes of the parotid and submandibular glands of rats. NAC supplementation leads to a significant increase in the activity of complex I, II + III and cytochrome c oxidase (COX), and also reduces the ADP/ATP ratio compared to HFD rats. Furthermore, NAC reduces the hydrogen peroxide production/activity of pro-oxidant enzymes, increases the pool of mitochondrial glutathione, and prevents cytokine formation, apoptosis, and nitrosative damage to the mitochondria in both aforementioned salivary glands of HFD rats. To sum up, NAC supplementation enhances energy metabolism in the salivary glands of IR rats, and prevents inflammation, apoptosis, and nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zalewska
- Experimental Dentistry Laboratory, Medical University, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Izabela Szarmach
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | | | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (M.M.)
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de Andrade PAM, Giovani PA, Araujo DS, de Souza AJ, Pedroni-Pereira A, Kantovitz KR, Andreote FD, Castelo PM, Nociti-Jr FH. Shifts in the bacterial community of saliva give insights on the relationship between obesity and oral microbiota in adolescents. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1085-1095. [PMID: 32034425 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed at the determination of the impact of obesity on the salivary microbiome in adolescents. Sixty subjects ranging 14-17 years old were enrolled (obese: n = 30-50% females, and normal weight: n = 30-50% females). Stimulated saliva was collected for denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) band patterns and massive 16S rRNA gene sequencing using the Ion Torrent platform. Overall, data analysis revealed that male subjects harbored a higher diverse salivary microbiome, defined by a significant higher richness (32.48 versus 26.74) and diversity (3.36 versus 3.20), higher Simpson values (0.96 versus 0.95) and distinct bacterial community structure considering either sex or condition (p < 0.05). Bacterial community fingerprinting analysis in human saliva showed a positive correlation with increased body mass index (BMI) in adolescents. Veillonella, Haemophilus and Prevotella occurrence was found to be affected by BMI, whereas Neisseria and Rothia occurrence was significantly impacted by sex in obese subjects. Our findings suggest that male and female adolescents may harbor a naturally distinct salivary microbiota and that obesity may specifically have an impact on their oral bacterial community. The potential dysbiotic oral microbiome in obese adolescents raises new insights on the etiology and prevention of future conditions in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Avelino Maia de Andrade
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo (Esalq-USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Department of Genetics, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo (Esalq-USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Alves Giovani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Darlle Santos Araujo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adijailton José de Souza
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo (Esalq-USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Pedroni-Pereira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kamila Rosamilia Kantovitz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Dental Materials, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dini Andreote
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo (Esalq-USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Humberto Nociti-Jr
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nowicka-Bauer K, Nixon B. Molecular Changes Induced by Oxidative Stress that Impair Human Sperm Motility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020134. [PMID: 32033035 PMCID: PMC7070831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A state of oxidative stress (OS) and the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the male reproductive tract are strongly correlated with infertility. While physiological levels of ROS are necessary for normal sperm functioning, elevated ROS production can overwhelm the cell's limited antioxidant defenses leading to dysfunction and loss of fertilizing potential. Among the deleterious pleiotropic impacts arising from OS, sperm motility appears to be particularly vulnerable. Here, we present a mechanistic account for how OS contributes to altered sperm motility profiles. In our model, it is suggested that the abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) residing in the sperm membrane serve to sensitize the male germ cell to ROS attack by virtue of their ability to act as substrates for lipid peroxidation (LPO) cascades. Upon initiation, LPO leads to dramatic remodeling of the composition and biophysical properties of sperm membranes and, in the case of the mitochondria, this manifests in a dissipation of membrane potential, electron leakage, increased ROS production and reduced capacity for energy production. This situation is exacerbated by the production of cytotoxic LPO byproducts such as 4-hydroxynonenal, which dysregulate molecules associated with sperm bioenergetic pathways as well as the structural and signaling components of the motility apparatus. The impact of ROS also extends to lesions in the paternal genome, as is commonly seen in the defective spermatozoa of asthenozoospermic males. Concluding, the presence of OS in the male reproductive tract is strongly and positively correlated with reduced sperm motility and fertilizing potential, thus providing a rational target for the development of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Nowicka-Bauer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia;
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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Oxidative Stress Indexes for Diagnosis of Health or Disease in Humans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4128152. [PMID: 31885788 PMCID: PMC6899293 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4128152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant molecules, in favor of oxidants, that causes aging and disease. Many studies have been published that demonstrate the relationship between OS and human health and disease; however, the following questions arise: (i) how are we sure that the OS is present in a biological process? (ii) Is the OS reported in the different investigations equivalent? (iii) What are the best oxidant and antioxidant markers for OS diagnosis? (iv) Can we establish the types and the intensity of the OS? (v) Does OS index could be useful for research and/or application in clinical medicine? In this regard, several indexes have been proposed to measure OS in humans relative to the state of health and disease, among which the following can be highlighted: Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), Tiol Ratios (-SH/TT, -SS/-SH, and-SS/TT), Glutathione Ratio (GSSG/GSH), Oxidative Stress Score (OSS), and OXY-index. Therefore, the aim of this review is to present the state of the art of knowledge about OS indexes for diagnosis of health or disease in humans. We searched for articles in English or Spanish in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus electronic databases published up until May 2019. The keywords used were “oxidative stress,” “index,” and “oxidative stress index.” It was identified 11479 records in both databases, and 490 articles were analyzed. Our review suggests that all indexes analyzed allow diagnose and differentiate the OS related to human health and disease. Also, the studies on OSI, Oxy-score, and OSS indexes have proven to be reliable, practical, and with clinical utility. However, it is necessary to continue with longitudinal studies, especially assess the usefulness of the indexes in the clinical prognosis, and make comparative studies between the different indexes.
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Metformin prevents against oxidative stress-induced senescence in human periodontal ligament cells. Biogerontology 2019; 21:13-27. [PMID: 31559522 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09838-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease involving periodontal tissues. Periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) play an important role in the regeneration of periodontal tissue. However, senescent PDLCs have an impeded regenerative potential. Metformin has been reported to prevent senescence at both the cellular and individual levels. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of metformin on cellular senescence in human PDLCs (hPDLCs) under oxidative stress. hPDLCs were pretreated with metformin, followed by H2O2 exposure. The cell viability, oxidative damage, cellular senescence and osteogenic potential were detected. To inhibit autophagy, hPDLCs were treated with 3-methyladenine before metformin treatment. The present study revealed that H2O2 exposure inhibits proliferation, increased lysosomal β-galactosidase activity, augments reactive oxidative species (ROS) accumulation, elevates the oxidative damage, stimulates the expression of senescence-related genes and impedes the activity of the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs. Metformin pretreatment could partly reverse the detrimental influences of H2O2 on hPDLCs. Moreover, metformin could stimulate autophagy, whereas the inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine reversed the anti-senescence effects of metformin on hPDLCs under oxidative stress. The present study manifested that metformin could alleviate oxidative stress-induced senescence via stimulating autophagy and could partially recover the osteogenic potential of hPDLCs, possibly providing a reference for the discovery of periodontal treatment from the perspective of antisenescence.
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Vivekananda L, Faizuddin M. Effect of Weight Reduction on the Serum Adiponectin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels and the Clinical Parameters of Obese Patients with and without Periodontal Disease. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2019; 9:166-171. [PMID: 31058067 PMCID: PMC6489511 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_447_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the current study was to assess the impact of weight reduction on the attenuation of obesity-related periodontal inflammation. METHODS This study was conducted enrolling 60 obese subjects. They were divided into three groups of 20 each. Group 1-healthy group, Group 2-gingivitis group, and Group 3-periodontitis group. The body mass index and waist/hip ratio, periodontal parameters such as plaque index, bleeding index, full mouth periodontal probing depth (PPD) using the University of North Carolina 15 (UNC 15) probe and full mouth clinical attachment loss (CAL) with cementoenamel junction as the reference using UNC 15 probe was evaluated at baseline and after the attainment of ≥10% weight loss by the subjects. Adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured in the serum at baseline and after attainment of ≥10% reduction in weight in a period of 3-18 months. RESULTS Adherence to weight reduction program until the achievement of ≥10% reduction in body weight resulted in statistically significant (P < 0.0001) elevated serum adiponectin and reduced serum TNF-α levels in all three groups. Furthermore, elevations of adiponectin following weight reduction showed significant negative correlations with PPD in all the three groups and in patients with periodontitis, (Group 3) serum adiponectin levels showed significant negative correlations (P = 0.0001) with CAL in Group 3. CONCLUSIONS Controlling obesity presents a good opportunity to alleviate the burden of periodontal disease. Simple weight reduction programs with diet and exercise-related lifestyle modifications may be an efficacious and barrier-free option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalith Vivekananda
- Department of Periodontics, MR Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Faizuddin
- Department of Periodontics, MR Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Cani PD, Jordan BF. Gut microbiota-mediated inflammation in obesity: a link with gastrointestinal cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 15:671-682. [PMID: 29844585 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-018-0025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of developing metabolic disorders such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, besides these metabolic diseases, excess body weight is also associated with different cancers, including gastrointestinal cancers, such as liver, pancreatic and colon cancers. Inflammation is a common feature of both obesity and cancer; however, the origin of this inflammation has been largely debated. Over the past decade, growing evidence has shown that the composition of the gut microbiota and its activity might be associated not only with the onset of inflammation but also with metabolic disorders and cancer. Here, we review the links between the gut microbiota, gut barrier function and the onset of low-grade inflammation in the development of gastrointestinal cancer. We also describe the mechanisms by which specific microorganism-associated molecular patterns crosstalk with the immune system and how the metabolic activity of bacteria induces specific signalling pathways beyond the gut that eventually trigger carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Benedicte F Jordan
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
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Pancreatic Cancer and Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Transformation and Chemoresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113331. [PMID: 30366466 PMCID: PMC6274743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer and obesity are the two major epidemics of the 21st century. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the leading causes of death, with a five-year overall survival rate of only 8%. Its incidence and mortality have increased in recent years, and this cancer type is expected to be among the top five leading causes of cancer-related death by 2030 in the United States (US). In the last three decades, the prevalence of overweight people has boosted with a consequent increase in obesity-related diseases. Considerable epidemiologic evidence correlates overweight and obese conditions to an increased risk of several types of cancer, including PDAC. Besides being a risk factor for multiple metabolic disorders, the tumor-promoting effects of obesity occur at the local level via inflammatory mediators that are associated with adipose inflammation and metabolic or hormones mediators and microbiota dysbiosis. Although an excess of body mass index (BMI) represents the second most modifiable risk factor for PDAC with an increased cancer related-death of more than 20–40%, still little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie this strong association. In this review, we focused on the role of obesity as a preventable risk factor of PDAC, discussing the molecular mechanisms linking obesity to cancer initiation and progression. Moreover, we highlighted the role of obesity in defining chemoresistance, showing how a high BMI can actually reduce response to chemotherapy.
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Bansal N, Gupta ND, Bey A, Sharma VK, Gupta N, Trivedi H. Impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on total antioxidant capacity in chronic periodontitis patients. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 21:291-295. [PMID: 29456303 PMCID: PMC5813343 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_281_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the utility of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as marker of periodontal disease by estimating TAC of periodontally healthy and chronic periodontitis patients and the impact of scaling and root planning on total antioxidant status of periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: Blood plasma samples were collected from randomly selected eighty individuals (40 periodontally healthy controls and 40 chronic periodontitis patients), with an age range of 20–45 years and were analyzed for TAC by ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Scaling and root planing was performed in periodontitis patients, and TAC level was measured again after 3 weeks. Data were analyzed with t-test, using SPSS software (PSAW, Windows version 18.0). Results: The mean plasma TAC was significantly lower (792.33 ± 124.33 μmol/L, P < 0.001) in chronic periodontitis patients compared to healthy control (1076.08 ± 193.82 μmol/L). Plasma TAC level increased significantly (989.75 ± 96.80, P < 0.001) after scaling and root planing. Conclusions: An inverse relationship exists between plasma TAC and severity of chronic periodontitis suggesting disturbed oxidant-antioxidant balance in chronic periodontitis. Scaling and root planing resulted in the restoration of TAC to normal levels. These results are important from the perspective of including antioxidants in periodontal therapy regime to boost up body's antioxidant defense system and to reduce oxidative stress-mediated periodontal tissue damage. We concluded that TAC can be used as a biomarker to evaluate the health of periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Bansal
- Department of Periodontology, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Narender Dev Gupta
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Afshan Bey
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Sharma
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Namita Gupta
- Department of Periodontics, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Himanshu Trivedi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zambon M, Mandò C, Lissoni A, Anelli GM, Novielli C, Cardellicchio M, Leone R, Monari MN, Massari M, Cetin I, Abati S. Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses in Pregnancies With Obesity and Periodontal Disease. Reprod Sci 2018; 25:1474-1484. [PMID: 29343164 DOI: 10.1177/1933719117749758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity is related to immunologic and inflammatory systemic modifications that may worsen the pregnancy inflammatory status. Hormonal changes during pregnancy can adversely affect oral biofilms and oral health initiating or worsening periodontal diseases, with enhanced local and systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between local salivary and systemic parameters of oxidative stress and inflammation in relation to obesity and periodontal diseases. STUDY DESIGN Sixty-two women with singleton pregnancies were enrolled. Twenty-seven women were normal weight (NW; 18.5< body mass index [BMI] <25 kg/m2) and 35 obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Seventeen of the obese had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). During third trimester, periodontal status was evaluated, saliva (s) was collected to assess total antioxidant capacity (s-TAC) and C-reactive protein (s-CRP) levels, and venous plasma (p) was used to measure CRP levels (p-CRP). Maternal, fetal, and placental data were registered at delivery. RESULTS Levels of s-TAC, s-CRP, and p-CRP were significantly higher in obese, particularly in the presence of GDM, compared to NW and related to each other ( P = .000; r > 0.59), to maternal BMI ( P = .000; r > 0.52), and fasting glycemia ( P < .002; r > 0.47). Periodontal disease was more frequent in obese groups (80%) versus NW (52%; P = .04), particularly when GDM was diagnosed ( P = .009). A significant interaction effect between maternal BMI and oral condition was found for s-TAC levels. Obese with periodontitis showed significant increase in local and systemic parameters versus NW. CONCLUSION Obesity and periodontal disease could synergistically amplify the inflammatory and oxidative status, resulting in increased local and systemic biomarkers particularly when GDM is diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zambon
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mandò
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lissoni
- 2 Unit of Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Maria Anelli
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Novielli
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Cardellicchio
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Leone
- 3 Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Marta Noemi Monari
- 4 Laboratory of Analysis, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Maddalena Massari
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Cetin
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Abati
- 2 Unit of Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Suresh S, Mahendra J, Singh G, Pradeep Kumar AR, Thilagar S, Rao N. Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on plasma-reactive oxygen metabolite and gingival crevicular fluid resistin and serum resistin levels in obese and normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:310-316. [PMID: 30131622 PMCID: PMC6077962 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_108_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The hyperoxidative and a modified inflammatory state in obese individuals cause higher susceptibility to bacterial infection which influences the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. Aim: Our study was aimed to evaluate the role of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the clinical parameters such as gingival index (GI), plaque index, pocket probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), plasma-reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) levels, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) resistin and serum resistin levels in obese or overweight and normal weight individuals with periodontitis. Material and Methods: Sixty individuals of age between 35 and 45 years of both the sexes were selected and categorized into two groups as thirty overweight or obese individuals with chronic periodontitis (Group I) and thirty normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis (Group II). Clinical parameters, plasma ROM levels, and serum and GCF resistin levels were assessed at baseline and 2 months after periodontal therapy in both the groups and compared. Results: Intergroup comparison of clinical parameters (GI, CAL, PPD) 2 months after therapy showed a significant difference with more reduction in Group II compared to Group I. On comparison, mean plasma ROM, GCF, and serum resistin levels at baseline was higher in Group I compared to Group II. When plasma ROM, GCF, and serum resistin levels were compared 2 months after therapy, the reduction was more in Group II compared to Group I. Conclusion: It is concluded that along with periodontal therapy, motivation of patients for weight reduction program is mandatory for obese or overweight individuals with periodontitis in order to improve periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snophia Suresh
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Periodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sivasankari Thilagar
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neeharika Rao
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wang Y, Andrukhov O, Rausch-Fan X. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant System in Periodontitis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:910. [PMID: 29180965 PMCID: PMC5693842 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease, which is initiated by bacterial infection and subsequently progressed by aberrant host response. It can result in the destruction of teeth supporting tissues and have an influence on systemic health. When periodontitis occurs, reactive oxygen species, which are overproduced mostly by hyperactive neutrophils, could not be balanced by antioxidant defense system and cause tissues damage. This is characterized by increased metabolites of lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and protein damage. Local and systemic activities of antioxidants can also be influenced by periodontitis. Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index have been used to evaluate the oxidative stress associated with periodontitis. Studies have confirmed that inflammatory response in periodontitis is associated with an increased local and systemic oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant capacity. Our review focuses on increased oxidative stress in periodontal disease, specifically, on the relationship between the local and systemic biomarkers of oxidative stress and periodontitis and their association with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Also, the relationship between periodontitis and systemic inflammation, and the effects of periodontal therapy on oxidative stress parameters will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Periodontology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Department of Periodontology and Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Department of Periodontology and Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Inhibiting PHD2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via lentiviral vector-mediated RNA interference facilitates the repair of periodontal tissue defects in SD rats. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72676-72699. [PMID: 29069818 PMCID: PMC5641161 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play an important role in angiogenesis, and they can activate the expression of several downstream angiogenic factors. HIF-1 is a major transcriptor of HIFs, composed of α and β subunits. Prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) is the main catabolic enzyme for HIF-1α, and it can accelerate its degradation under normoxic conditions. PHD2 expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) of SD rats was down-regulated under normoxic conditions in this study by utilizing lentiviral vector-mediated RNA interference to promote HIF-1α accumulation, thus enhancing the expression of angiogenic factors. A tissue-engineered compound was constructed using the composite collagen membrane of BMMSCs after PHD2 gene silencing to repair periodontal fenestration defects in SD rats. The results of this study indicated that, after PHD2 gene silencing, the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs was enhanced in vitro, the resistance of cells to oxidative stress was also validated in vitro, thereby illustrating the promotion of the repair of artificially constructed periodontal tissue defects in rats. The results of this study provide a reference and guidance for future applications of RNA interference in periodontal tissue engineering and serve as a basis for improving the survival of seed cells in recipient tissues.
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Lee JH, Oh JY, Youk TM, Jeong SN, Kim YT, Choi SH. Association between periodontal disease and non-communicable diseases: A 12-year longitudinal health-examinee cohort study in South Korea. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7398. [PMID: 28658175 PMCID: PMC5500097 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The National Health Insurance Service-Health Examinee Cohort during 2002 to 2013 was used to investigate the associations between periodontal disease (PD) and the following non-communicable diseases (NCDs): hypertension, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, cerebral infarction, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and obesity.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusting for potential confounders during the follow-up period-including age, sex, household income, insurance status, residence area, health status, and comorbidities-were used to estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in order to assess the associations between PD and NCDs.We enrolled 200,026 patients with PD and 154,824 subjects with a healthy oral status. Statistically, significant associations were found between PD and the investigated NCDs except for cerebral and myocardial infarction after adjusting for sociodemographic and comorbidity factors (P < .05). In particular, obesity (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.04-1.63, P = .022), osteoporosis (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.18-1.27, P < .001), and angina pectoris (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.17-1.27, P < .001) were significantly and positively associated with PD.This longitudinal cohort study has provided evidence that patients with PD are at increased risk of NCDs. Further studies are required to confirm the reliability of this association and elucidate the role of the inflammatory pathway in periodontitis pathogenesis as a triggering and mediating mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon
| | - Jin-Young Oh
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul
| | | | - Seong-Nyum Jeong
- Department of Periodontology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon
| | - Young-Taek Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Ilsan Hospital, National Health Insurance Service, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Choi
- Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul
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Nazir MA. Prevalence of periodontal disease, its association with systemic diseases and prevention. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2017; 11:72-80. [PMID: 28539867 PMCID: PMC5426403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are prevalent both in developed and developing countries and affect about 20-50% of global population. High prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescents, adults, and older individuals makes it a public health concern. Several risk factors such as smoking, poor oral hygiene, diabetes, medication, age, hereditary, and stress are related to periodontal diseases. Robust evidence shows the association of periodontal diseases with systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Periodontal disease is likely to cause 19% increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, and this increase in relative risk reaches to 44% among individuals aged 65 years and over. Type 2 diabetic individuals with severe form of periodontal disease have 3.2 times greater mortality risk compared with individuals with no or mild periodontitis. Periodontal therapy has been shown to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetic subjects. Periodontitis is related to maternal infection, preterm birth, low birth weight, and preeclampsia. Oral disease prevention strategies should be incorporated in chronic systemic disease preventive initiatives to curtail the burden of disease in populations. The reduction in the incidence and prevalence of periodontal disease can reduce its associated systemic diseases and can also minimize their financial impact on the health-care systems. It is hoped that medical, dental practitioners, and other health-care professionals will get familiar with perio-systemic link and risk factors, and need to refer to the specialized dental or periodontal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ashraf Nazir
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, University of Dammam College of Dentistry, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Preventive Effects of Drinking Hydrogen-Rich Water on Gingival Oxidative Stress and Alveolar Bone Resorption in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9010064. [PMID: 28098768 PMCID: PMC5295108 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity induces gingival oxidative stress, which is involved in the progression of alveolar bone resorption. The antioxidant effect of hydrogen-rich water may attenuate gingival oxidative stress and prevent alveolar bone resorption in cases of obesity. We examined whether hydrogen-rich water could suppress gingival oxidative stress and alveolar bone resorption in obese rats fed a high-fat diet. Male Fischer 344 rats (n = 18) were divided into three groups of six rats each: a control group (fed a regular diet and drinking distilled water) and two experimental groups (fed a high-fat diet and drinking distilled water or hydrogen-rich water). The level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was determined to evaluate oxidative stress. The bone mineral density of the alveolar bone was analyzed by micro-computerized tomography. Obese rats, induced by a high-fat diet, showed a higher gingival level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and a lower level of alveolar bone density compared to the control group. Drinking hydrogen-rich water suppressed body weight gain, lowered gingival level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, and reduced alveolar bone resorption in rats on a high-fat diet. The results indicate that hydrogen-rich water could suppress gingival oxidative stress and alveolar bone resorption by limiting obesity.
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Hanikoglu F, Hanikoglu A, Kucuksayan E, Alisik M, Gocener AA, Erel O, Baykara M, Cuoghi A, Tomasi A, Ozben T. Dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis before and after radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate cancer. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:S79-S84. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1235787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysegul Hanikoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ertan Kucuksayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Murat Alisik
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Anil Gocener
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Baykara
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aurora Cuoghi
- Department of Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Aldo Tomasi
- Department of Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tomris Ozben
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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