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Batnozic Varga M, Held M, Wagner J, Arvaj N, Sestan M, Sapina M, Kifer N, Grguric D, Crkvenac Gornik K, Gagro A, Frkovic M, Jelusic M. The Association of HMGB1 and RAGE Gene Polymorphisms with IgA Vasculitis. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:2268-2278. [PMID: 37902913 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a pleiotropic cytokine that propagates inflammation by its extracellular action of interacting with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Both HMGB1 and RAGE play multiple roles in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. We investigated the association of five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HMGB1 gene (rs1412125, rs2249825, rs1045411, rs1060348, rs41369348) and four SNPs of the RAGE gene (rs1800624, rs1800625, rs2070600, rs3134940) with the susceptibility and clinical features of paediatric patients with IgA vasculitis (IgAV), also known as Henoch-Schönlein's purpura. This case‒control study included 103 children with IgAV (experimental group) and 150 age-matched healthy individuals (control group). The strength of the association between different groups and alleles or genotypes of HMGB1 and RAGE was estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The HMGB1 polymorphisms rs41369348, rs1045411, rs2249825 and rs1412125 were associated with the development of generalized purpuric rash, and rs1412125 was associated with IgAV nephritis (IgAVN). The RAGE polymorphism rs2070600 might be linked to the development of arthritis in IgAV patients. There was no statistically significant association between the analysed polymorphisms and susceptibility to IgAV. This is the first study to propose an association between several HMGB1 and RAGE polymorphisms and different phenotypes in the clinical course of IgAV in a paediatric population. Further research on other polymorphisms of HMGB1 and RAGE should be conducted in a larger number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Batnozic Varga
- Department of Paediatrics, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Held
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Centre of Reference for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology of Ministry of Health of the Republic Croatia, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasenka Wagner
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nena Arvaj
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mario Sestan
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Centre of Reference for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology of Ministry of Health of the Republic Croatia, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matej Sapina
- Department of Paediatrics, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nastasia Kifer
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Centre of Reference for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology of Ministry of Health of the Republic Croatia, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danica Grguric
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Centre of Reference for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology of Ministry of Health of the Republic Croatia, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Crkvenac Gornik
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alenka Gagro
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijan Frkovic
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Centre of Reference for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology of Ministry of Health of the Republic Croatia, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Jelusic
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Centre of Reference for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology of Ministry of Health of the Republic Croatia, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Held M, Kozmar A, Sestan M, Turudic D, Kifer N, Srsen S, Gagro A, Frkovic M, Jelusic M. Insight into the Interplay of Gd-IgA1, HMGB1, RAGE and PCDH1 in IgA Vasculitis (IgAV). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4383. [PMID: 38673968 PMCID: PMC11050592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of IgAV, the most common systemic vasculitis in childhood, appears to be complex and requires further elucidation. We aimed to investigate the potential role of galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 (Gd-IgA1), high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and protocadherin 1 (PCDH1) in the pathogenesis of IgAV. Our prospective study enrolled 86 patients with IgAV and 70 controls. HMGB1, RAGE, Gd-IgA1 and PCDH1 in serum and urine were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method at the onset of the disease and after a six-month interval in patients and once in the control group. Serum concentrations of HMGB1, RAGE and PCDH1 and urinary concentrations of HMGB1, RAGE, Gd-IgA1 and PCDH1 were significantly higher in patients with IgAV than in the control group (p < 0.001). Concentrations of HMGB1 (5573 pg/mL vs. 3477 pg/mL vs. 1088 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and RAGE (309 pg/mL vs. 302.4 pg/mL vs. 201.3 pg/mL, p = 0.012) in the serum of patients remained significantly elevated when the disease onset was compared with the six-month follow-up interval, and thus could be a potential marker of disease activity. Urinary concentration of HMGB1 measured in the follow-up period was higher in patients with nephritis compared to IgAV without nephritis (270.9 (146.7-542.7) ng/mmol vs. 133.2 (85.9-318.6) ng/mmol, p = 0.049) and significantly positively correlated with the urine albumine to creatinine ratio (τ = 0.184, p < 0.05), the number of erythrocytes in urine samples (τ = 0.193, p < 0.05) and with the outcome of nephritis (τ = 0.287, p < 0.05); therefore, HMGB1 could be a potential tool for monitoring patients with IgAV who develop nephritis. Taken together, our results imply a possible interplay of Gd-IgA1, HMGB1, RAGE and PCDH1 in the development of IgAV. The identification of sensitive biomarkers in IgAV may provide disease prevention and future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Held
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (N.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Ana Kozmar
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Mario Sestan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (N.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Daniel Turudic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (N.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Nastasia Kifer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (N.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Sasa Srsen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Split School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Alenka Gagro
- Children’s Hospital Zagreb, Medical Faculty Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marijan Frkovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (N.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Marija Jelusic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.T.); (N.K.); (M.F.)
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Liu T, Zhao H, Wang Y, Qu P, Wang Y, Wu X, Zhao T, Yang L, Mao H, Peng L, Zhan Y, Li P. Serum high mobility group box 1 as a potential biomarker for the progression of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1334109. [PMID: 38481996 PMCID: PMC10932975 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1334109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background As a damage-associated molecular pattern protein, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is associated with kidney and systemic inflammation. The predictive and therapeutic value of HMGB1 as a biomarker has been confirmed in various diseases. However, its value in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum and urine HMGB1 levels and DKD progression. Methods We recruited 196 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including 109 with DKD and 87 T2DM patients without DKD. Additionally, 60 healthy participants without T2DM were also recruited as controls. Serum and urine samples were collected for HMGB1 analysis. Simultaneously, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFR-1) in serum and kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) in urine samples were evaluated for comparison. Results Serum and urine HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in patients with DKD than in patients with T2DM and healthy controls. Additionally, serum HMGB1 levels significantly and positively correlated with serum TNFR-1 (R 2 = 0.567, p<0.001) and urine KIM-1 levels (R 2 = 0.440, p<0.001), and urine HMGB1 has a similar correlation. In the population with T2DM, the risk of DKD progression increased with an increase in serum HMGB1 levels. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated serum HMGB1 level was an independent risk factor for renal function progression in patients with DKD, and regression analysis did not change in the model corrected for multiple variables. The restricted cubic spline depicted a nonlinear relationship between serum HMGB1 and renal function progression in patients with DKD (p-nonlinear=0.007, p<0.001), and this positive effect remained consistent across subgroups. Conclusion Serum HMGB1 was significantly correlated with DKD and disease severity. When the HMGB1 level was ≥27 ng/ml, the risk of renal progression increased sharply, indicating that serum HMGB1 can be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of DKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hailing Zhao
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Qu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiai Wu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China
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Batnožić Varga M, Šestan M, Wagner J, Crkvenac Gornik K, Kifer N, Frković M, Stefinovec L, Vučemilović Jurić V, Grgurić D, Pušeljić S, Jelušić M. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HIGH MOBILITY GROUP BOX 1 PROTEIN GENE (rs41369348) POLYMORPHISM AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN A VASCULITIS IN CHILDREN. Acta Clin Croat 2023; 62:25-35. [PMID: 38304371 PMCID: PMC10829956 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2023.62.01.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) or Henoch-Schönlein purpura is the most prevalent systemic small vessel vasculitis in childhood. High mobility group box 1 protein (HMBG1) is a pleiotropic cytokine that functions as a pro-inflammatory signal, important for the activation of antigen-presenting cells and propagation of inflammation. HMGB1 is implicated in the pathophysiology of a variety of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of single nucleotide polymorphism rs41369348 for HMGB1 gene in the susceptibility and clinical features of patients meeting the classification criteria for IgAV. DNA was extracted from blood cells of 76 children with IgAV and 150 age-matched healthy controls. Clinical data and laboratory parameters were collected for all IgAV patients. Although there was a higher frequency of heterozygous A/delA genotype of this gene polymorphism in IgAV group as compared with control group, no genotype difference was observed between these two groups. No statistically significant genotype differences were disclosed when patients with different IgAV clinical features were compared. In conclusion, in this study, polymorphism rs41369348 for HMGB1 was not associated with increased susceptibility to childhood IgAV, its severity or different clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Batnožić Varga
- Department of Pediatrics, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek Faculty of Medicine, Osijek University Hospital Center, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mario Šestan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasenka Wagner
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek Faculty of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristina Crkvenac Gornik
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nastasia Kifer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijan Frković
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Stefinovec
- Department of Pediatrics, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Osijek University Hospital Center, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Valentina Vučemilović Jurić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek Faculty of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Danica Grgurić
- Department of Pediatrics, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silvija Pušeljić
- Department of Pediatrics, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek Faculty of Medicine, Osijek University Hospital Center, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Jelušić
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
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Lv C, Ye D, Zhu Y, Meng S, Liu B, Sun X, Wen C, Mao Y. Non‐genetic biomarkers for ankylosing spondylitis: An umbrella review. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24759. [DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Changming Lv
- School of the Fourth Clinical Medicine Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China
| | - Ding Ye
- School of Public Health Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China
| | - Yi Zhu
- School of the Fourth Clinical Medicine Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China
| | - Shuyang Meng
- School of the Fourth Clinical Medicine Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Public Health Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- School of Public Health Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China
| | - Chengping Wen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China
| | - Yingying Mao
- School of Public Health Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China
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Sarrand J, Baglione L, Parisis D, Soyfoo M. The Involvement of Alarmins in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren's Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105671. [PMID: 35628481 PMCID: PMC9145074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects exocrine glands, primarily the salivary and lachrymal glands. It is characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the glandular tissues, ultimately leading to their dysfunction and destruction. Besides classic dry eyes and dry mouth defined as sicca syndrome, patients affected by the disease also typically display symptoms such as fatigue, pain and in more than 50% of cases, systemic manifestations such as arthritis, interstitial lung involvement, neurological involvement and an increased risk of lymphoma. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying SS still remain elusive. The crucial role of innate immunity has been advocated in recent years regarding the pathogenesis of pSS, especially in the initiation and progression toward autoimmunity. Alarmins are endogenous molecules that belong to the large family of damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP). Alarmins are rapidly released, ensuing cell injury and interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRR) such as toll-like receptors (TLR) to recruit and activate cells of the innate immune system and to promote adaptive immunity responses. This review highlights the current knowledge of various alarmins and their role in the pathogenesis of pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Sarrand
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Laurie Baglione
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Dorian Parisis
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.B.); (D.P.)
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Muhammad Soyfoo
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.B.); (D.P.)
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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Gaboriaud C, Lorvellec M, Rossi V, Dumestre-Pérard C, Thielens NM. Complement System and Alarmin HMGB1 Crosstalk: For Better or Worse. Front Immunol 2022; 13:869720. [PMID: 35572583 PMCID: PMC9095977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our immune system responds to infectious (PAMPs) and tissue damage (DAMPs) signals. The complement system and alarmin High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) are two powerful soluble actors of human host defense and immune surveillance. These systems involve molecular cascades and amplification loops for their signaling or activation. Initially activated as alarm raising systems, their function can be finally switched towards inflammation resolution, where they sustain immune maturation and orchestrate repair mechanisms, opening the way back to homeostasis. However, when getting out of control, these defense systems can become deleterious and trigger serious cellular and tissue damage. Therefore, they can be considered as double-edged swords. The close interaction between the complement and HMGB1 pathways is described here, as well as their traditional and non-canonical roles, their functioning at different locations and their independent and collective impact in different systems both in health and disease. Starting from these systems and interplay at the molecular level (when elucidated), we then provide disease examples to better illustrate the signs and consequences of their roles and interaction, highlighting their importance and possible vicious circles in alarm raising and inflammation, both individually or in combination. Although this integrated view may open new therapeutic strategies, future challenges have to be faced because of the remaining unknowns regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the fragile molecular balance which can drift towards disease or return to homeostasis, as briefly discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chantal Dumestre-Pérard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Štros M, Polanská EV, Hlaváčová T, Skládal P. Progress in Assays of HMGB1 Levels in Human Plasma-The Potential Prognostic Value in COVID-19. Biomolecules 2022; 12:544. [PMID: 35454134 PMCID: PMC9031208 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular HMGB1 protein is known to induce inflammatory responses leading to an inflammatory storm. The outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome COVID-19 due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in a huge health concern worldwide. Recent data revealed that plasma/serum HMGB1 levels of patients suffering from inflammation-mediated disorders-such as COVID-19, cancer, and autoimmune disorders-correlate positively with disease severity and vice versa. A late release of HMGB1 in sepsis suggests the existence of a wide therapeutic window for treating sepsis. Rapid and accurate methods for the detection of HMGB1 levels in plasma/serum are, therefore, of great importance for monitoring the occurrence, treatment success, and survival prediction of patients with inflammation-mediated diseases. In this review, we briefly explain the role of HMGB1 in the cell, and particularly the involvement of extracellular HMGB1 (released from the cells) in inflammation-mediated diseases, with an emphasis on COVID-19. The current assays to measure HMGB1 levels in human plasma-Western blotting, ELISA, EMSA, and a new approach based on electrochemical immunosensors, including some of our preliminary results-are presented and thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Štros
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Eva Volfová Polanská
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Tereza Hlaváčová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (P.S.)
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.H.); (P.S.)
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Extracellular HMGB1 Induced Glomerular Endothelial Cell Injury via TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway in Lupus Nephritis. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2021:9993971. [PMID: 34970076 PMCID: PMC8714399 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9993971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, our study showed that HMGB1 was significantly elevated in the blood and located in the glomerular endothelium in LN patients. But whether extracellular HMGB1 is involved in the injury of glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) in LN still needs further investigation. Firstly, we detected the levels of SDC-1, VCAM-1, and proteinuria in LN patients and MRL/lpr mice and analyzed their correlations. Then, HMGB1 and TLR4/MyD88 were inhibited to observe the shedding of glycocalyx and injury of GECs in vivo and in vitro. Our results showed that HRGEC injury and SDC-1 shedding played an important role in the increase of permeability and proteinuria formation in LN. Additionally, inhibition of extracellular HMGB1 and/or downstream TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway also alleviated GEC monolayer permeability, reduced the shedding of the glomerular endothelial glycocalyx, improved the intercellular tight junction and cytoskeletal arrangement, and downregulated the NO level and VCAM-1 expression. These results suggested that extracellular HMGB1 might involve in GEC injury by activating the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in LN, which provided novel insights and potential therapeutic target for the treatment of lupus nephritis.
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Chen L, Chen G, Kong X. Serum level of high mobility group box protein-1 and prognosis of patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24275. [PMID: 33592871 PMCID: PMC7870203 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate serum level of high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB1) and prognosis of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD).This prospective cohort observational study included a total of 253 ESRD patients who came to our hospital for HD or PD from February 2013 to February 2015. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to detect the serum level of HMGB1, interleukin (IL-6), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The kidney disease quality of life short form (KDQOL-SF) and kidney disease targeted area (KDTA) was applied for evaluating the quality of life. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve was performed for survival time.Serum level of HMGB1 in patients on HD was higher than PD. HMGB1 levels were gradually decreased with the treatment of HD or PD. Furthermore, HMGB1 was positively correlated with IL-6 and TNF-α. Moreover, patients with higher HMGB1 had more complications than patients with lower HMGB1, but there was no difference for the survival rate. In addition, the quality of life was associated with different dialysis methods.The serum level of HMGB1 and prognosis of ESRD patients was associated with different dialysis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaoping Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, China
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Ghosh SS, Ghosh S. HMGB1 (High-Mobility Group Box-1): A Common Link Determining the Consequences of Tissue Injury, Sterile/Microbial and Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2561-2563. [PMID: 33085519 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha S Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA (S.S.G., S.G.)
| | - Shobha Ghosh
- Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA (S.G.)
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Choi SH, Oh JW, Ryu JS, Kim HM, Im SH, Kim KP, Kim MK. IRT5 Probiotics Changes Immune Modulatory Protein Expression in the Extraorbital Lacrimal Glands of an Autoimmune Dry Eye Mouse Model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:42. [PMID: 32232342 PMCID: PMC7401425 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.3.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose While the association between the gut microbiome and the immune system has been studied in autoimmune disorders, little is known about ocular disease. Previously we reported that IRT5, a mixture of five probiotic strains, could suppress autoimmune dry eye. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which IRT5 performs its immunomodulatory function in a mouse model of autoimmune dry eye. Methods NOD.B10.H2b mice were used as an autoimmune dry eye model. Either IRT5 or PBS was gavaged orally for 3 weeks, with or without 5 days of antibiotic pretreatment. The effects on clinical features, extraorbital lacrimal gland and spleen proteins, and fecal microbiota were analyzed. Results The ocular staining score was lower, and tear secretion was higher, in the IRT5-treated groups than in the PBS-treated groups. After IRT5 treatment, the downregulated lacrimal gland proteins were enriched in the biological processes of defense response and immune system process. The relative abundances of 33 operational taxonomic units were higher, and 53 were lower, in the feces of the IRT5-treated groups than in those of the PBS-treated groups. IRT5 administration without antibiotic pretreatment also showed immunomodulatory functions with increases in the Lactobacillus helveticus group and Lactobacillus hamsteri. Additional proteomic assays revealed a decrease of proteins related to antigen-presenting processes in the CD11b+ and CD11c+ cells of spleen in the IRT5-treated groups. Conclusions Changes in the gut microbiome after IRT5 treatment improved clinical manifestations in the autoimmune dry eye model via the downregulation of antigen-presenting processes in immune networks.
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Lee KY, Rhim JW, Kang JH. Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and early immunomodulators. Clin Exp Pediatr 2020; 63:239-250. [PMID: 32664709 PMCID: PMC7374000 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2020.00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading globally. Although its etiologic agent is discovered as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), there are many unsolved issues in COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. The causes of different clinical phenotypes and incubation periods among individuals, species specificity, and cytokine storm with lymphopenia as well as the mechanism of damage to organ cells are unknown. It has been suggested that in viral pneumonia, virus itself is not a direct cause of acute lung injury; rather, aberrant immune reactions of the host to the insults from viral infection are responsible. According to its epidemiological and clinical characteristics, SARS-CoV-2 may be a virus with low virulence in nature that has adapted to the human species. Current immunological concepts have limited ability to explain such unsolved issues, and a presumed immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 is presented under the proteinhomeostasis-system hypothesis. Every disease, including COVID-19, has etiological substances controlled by the host immune system according to size and biochemical properties. Patients with severe pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 show more severe hypercytokinemia with corresponding lymphocytopenia than patients with mild pneumonia; thus, early immunomodulator treatment, including corticosteroids, has been considered. However, current guidelines recommend their use only for patients with advanced pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Since the immunopathogenesis of pneumonia may be the same for all patients regardless of age or severity and the critical immune-mediated lung injury may begin in the early stage of the disease, early immunomodulator treatment, including corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, can help reduce morbidity and possibly mortality rates of older patients with underlying conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Yil Lee
- The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Junglock Biomedical Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Rhim
- The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Han Kang
- The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Wang D, Zhou M, Wang Y, Sun S. Suppression of high-mobility group box 1 ameliorates xerostomia in a Sjögren syndrome-triggered mouse model. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:351-356. [PMID: 31935120 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Xerostomia is a self-conscious symptom. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) promotes pro-inflammatory effects in many diseases. This study aimed to clarify the role of HMGB1 in Sjögren syndrome (SS)-triggered xerostomia. Nonobese diabetic (NOD)/Ltj mice were used to establish an SS-triggered xerostomia model. The results showed that saliva production was decreased and anti-Sjögren syndrome B (anti-SSB) level was increased in SS. PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry experiments indicated that the HMGB1 and aquaporin 5 (AQP5) levels were enhanced and diminished in SS compared with those in the control, respectively. While the mice were treated with anti-HMGB1, xerostomia was reversed due to the elevated saliva production and reduced anti-SSB level. In addition, it was found that the inhibition of HMGB1 restrained the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) axis activation. The TLR4 and p-IκB levels were alleviated, while the IκBα and NF-κB p65 levels were augmented. The NF-κB p65 binding activity was attenuated via the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) after anti-HMGB1 treatment. Moreover, the repression of HMGB1 facilitated the expression of AQP5. These findings demonstrate that suppression of HMGB1 ameliorates SS-triggered xerostomia via suppressing the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and upregulating AQP5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meilan Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Aghdashi MA, Khadir M, Dinparasti-Saleh R. Antinuclear Antibodies and Lupus-like Manifestations in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients at 4 Months' Follow-up After Treatment with Infliximab and Etanercept. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2020; 16:61-66. [DOI: 10.2174/1573397115666190506152729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Up to 44% of patients treated with infliximab and 7% of patients treated
with etanercept reported to have anti-drug antibodies within the first 6 months of treatment. Recently,
anti-TNF-α therapies have been reported to be employed in the induction of the druginduced
lupus erythematous.
Objective:
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between anti-TNFα antibodies
and various manifestations of lupus erythematous.
Methods:
We enrolled a total of 56 cases divided into 28 known cases of rheumatoid arthritis and
28 cases of ankylosing spondylitis patients and 56 controls. The case group was divided into 4
groups according to the underlying disease (RA or AS) and treatment regimen (infliximab or etanercept).
ANA and anti-dsDNA levels and lupus criteria were assessed at the beginning of the study
and 4 months after the initiation of anti-TNFα.
Results:
36% and 21% of RA patients treated with infliximab, were ANA and anti-dsDNA positive
after 4 months (P=0.003, P=0.025). 28% and 7% of RA patients treated with etanercept, were ANA
and anti-dsDNA positive after 4 months (P=0.009, P=0.15). 21% and 7% of AS patients treated
with infliximab, were ANA and anti-dsDNA positive, respectively (P=0.025, P=0.15). 14% and 7%
of AS patients treated with etanercept, were ANA and anti-dsDNA positive, respectively (P=0.63,
P=0.15). Three patients who were positive for auto-antibodies developed three criteria for SLE.
Conclusions:
Infliximab potentially may increase both ANA and anti-dsDNA levels in rheumatoid
arthritis, but only ANA in ankylosing spondylitis patients. In general, clinicians should consider
different clinical symptoms of ATIL, which may be present as a lupus-like syndrome similar to
idiopathic SLE or classical DIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Amir Aghdashi
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khadir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roshan Dinparasti-Saleh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Cai X, Zhu Q, Wu T, Zhu B, Liu S, Liu S, Aierken X, Ahmat A, Li N. Association of circulating resistin and adiponectin levels with Kawasaki disease: A meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1033-1041. [PMID: 32010266 PMCID: PMC6966156 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between circulating blood adipokine levels and Kawasaki disease (KD). Studies were identified by searching various databases, including Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. After the studies were pooled, the mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% CI were calculated. Subgroup analyses and publication bias detection were also performed. The Cochrane Q test and I2 statistics were performed using Review Manager software (version 5.3) to test for heterogeneity. A Begg's test was used to assess publication bias and STATA software (version 12.0) was used for statistical analysis. The results revealed that the KD group exhibited higher levels of resistin compared with those in the healthy controls or disease controls (non-KD; MD=20.76, 95% CI=16.16-25.36, P<0.001; MD=21.27, 95% CI=14.24-28.29, P<0.001, respectively). In addition, when compared with those in patients exhibiting non-coronary artery lesions (NCAL), those with coronary artery lesions (CAL) had higher levels of adiponectin and resistin (MD=1.00, 95% CI=0.06-1.96, P=0.04; MD=2.77, 95% CI=1.32-4.22, P<0.001). Furthermore, compared with those in the inactive-phase group, patients in the active-phase group exhibited higher levels of resistin (MD=17.73, 95% CI=12.82-22.65, P<0.001). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis indicated that resistin levels were elevated in patients with KD. It was also revealed that circulating resistin and adiponectin levels in the CAL group were significantly increased compared with those in patients with NCAL. Furthermore, the active group had higher levels of resistin than the inactive group. The results of these meta-analyses indicated that resistin may serve an important role in the pathogenesis of KD and may therefore be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of KD, whereas adiponectin may only serve an important role in the pathogenesis of CAL and may therefore be used as a biomarker to distinguish CAL from NCAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Cai
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Xiayire Aierken
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Ayguzal Ahmat
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Nanfang Li
- Center for Hypertension of The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
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17
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Bucova M, Majernikova B, Durmanova V, Cudrakova D, Gmitterova K, Lisa I, Klimova E, Kluckova K, Buc M. HMGB1 as a potential new marker of disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:599-604. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04136-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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HMGB1-C1q complexes regulate macrophage function by switching between leukotriene and specialized proresolving mediator biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23254-23263. [PMID: 31570601 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907490116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is critical to inflammation and resolution of inflammation. We previously showed that high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can engage receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) to direct monocytes to a proinflammatory phenotype characterized by production of type 1 IFN and proinflammatory cytokines. In contrast, HMGB1 plus C1q form a tetramolecular complex cross-linking RAGE and LAIR-1 and directing monocytes to an antiinflammatory phenotype. Lipid mediators, as well as cytokines, help establish a milieu favoring either inflammation or resolution of inflammation. This study focuses on the induction of lipid mediators by HMGB1 and HMGB1 plus C1q and their regulation of IRF5, a transcription factor critical for the induction and maintenance of proinflammatory macrophages. Here, we show that HMGB1 induces leukotriene production through a RAGE-dependent pathway, while HMGB1 plus C1q induces specialized proresolving lipid mediators lipoxin A4, resolvin D1, and resolvin D2 through a RAGE- and LAIR-1-dependent pathway. Leukotriene exposure contributes to induction of IRF5 in a positive-feedback loop. In contrast, resolvins (at 20 nM) block IRF5 induction and prevent the differentiation of inflammatory macrophages. Finally, we have generated a molecular mimic of HMGB1 plus C1q, which cross-links RAGE and LAIR-1 and polarizes monocytes to an antiinflammatory phenotype. These findings may provide a mechanism to control nonresolving inflammation in many pathologic conditions.
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19
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Gorgulho CM, Romagnoli GG, Bharthi R, Lotze MT. Johnny on the Spot-Chronic Inflammation Is Driven by HMGB1. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1561. [PMID: 31379812 PMCID: PMC6660267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although much has been made of the role of HMGB1 acting as an acute damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, prompting the response to tissue damage or injury, it is also released at sites of chronic inflammation including sites of infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. As such, the biology is distinguished from homeostasis and acute inflammation by the recruitment and persistence of myeloid derived suppressor cells, T regulatory cells, fibrosis and/or exuberant angiogenesis depending on the antecedents and the other individual inflammatory partners that HMGB1 binds and focuses, including IL-1β, CXCL12/SDF1, LPS, DNA, RNA, and sRAGE. High levels of HMGB1 released into the extracellular milieu and its persistence in the microenvironment can contribute to the pathogenesis of many if not all autoimmune disorders and is a key factor that drives inflammation further and worsens symptoms. HMGB1 is also pivotal in the maintenance of chronic inflammation and a “wound healing” type of immune response that ultimately contributes to the onset of carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Exosomes carrying HMGB1 and other instructive molecules are released and shape the response of various cells in the chronic inflammatory environment. Understanding the defining roles of REDOX, DAMPs and PAMPs, and the host response in chronic inflammation requires an alternative means for positing HMGB1's central role in limiting and focusing inflammation, distinguishing chronic from acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M Gorgulho
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Botucatu Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil.,DAMP Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Graziela G Romagnoli
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Botucatu Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Rosh Bharthi
- DAMP Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael T Lotze
- DAMP Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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20
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Stronati L, Palone F, Negroni A, Colantoni E, Mancuso AB, Cucchiara S, Cesi V, Isoldi S, Vitali R. Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate Improves Intestinal Mucosal Healing by Modulating Extracellular Matrix Remodeling Genes and Restoring Epithelial Barrier Functions. Front Immunol 2019; 10:939. [PMID: 31105713 PMCID: PMC6498413 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut mucosal healing (MH) is considered a key therapeutic target and prognostic parameter in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The dipotassium glycyrrhizate (DPG), a salt of the glycoconjugated triterpene glycyrrhizin, has been shown to inhibit the High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) protein, an allarmin strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of most inflammatory and auto-immune disorders. Here we discuss new insights on how DPG acts on MH comparing the acute phase and the recovery phase from experimental colitis in mice. We found that DPG strongly accelerates MH by differently regulating pro-inflammatory (CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, PTGS2, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL12, CCL7) and wound healing (COL3A1, MMP9, VTN, PLAUR, SERPINE, CSF3, FGF2, FGF7, PLAT, TIMP1) genes as observed only during the recovery phase of colitis. Relevant issue is the identification of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling genes, VTN, and PLAUR, as crucial genes to achieve MH during DPG treatment. Furthermore, a noticeable recovery of intestinal epithelial barrier structural organization, wound repair ability, and functionality is observed in two human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines exposed to DPG during inflammation. Thus, our study identifies DPG as a potent tool for controlling intestinal inflammation and improving MH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Stronati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Palone
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Negroni
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Colantoni
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Barbara Mancuso
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cucchiara
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cesi
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Isoldi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Vitali
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, Rome, Italy
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Osborne LM, Brar A, Klein SL. The role of Th17 cells in the pathophysiology of pregnancy and perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 76:7-16. [PMID: 30465878 PMCID: PMC6359933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a key role in adaptive immune responses, and shifts among T cell classes occur in normal pregnancy. There is evidence for the role of TH17 cells and dysregulation of the TH17/Treg cell balance in morbidities and autoimmune diseases during pregnancy. Because TH17 responses may play a role in depression and anxiety outside of pregnancy, we hypothesize that TH17 responses and the balance of TH17/Treg activity may also contribute to the development of depression and anxiety during pregnancy. To explore this hypothesis, this review has three main aims: 1) to evaluate systematically the role of TH17 cells and cytokines during pregnancy; 2) to compare changes in the ratio of TH17/Treg cells during pregnancy morbidities with the changes that occur in depression and anxiety outside of pregnancy; and 3) to provide a basis for further research on TH17 cells in perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, with an eye toward the development of novel therapeutics. We also review the limited literature concerning perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, and hypothesize about the potential role of TH17 cells in these illnesses. Understanding the pathophysiology of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders will aid development of novel therapeutics that address immunological mechanisms, in addition to the serotonin system, which are targetable molecules in treating depression and anxiety during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Osborne
- Women’s Mood Disorders Center, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, and of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Amitoj Brar
- Women’s Mood Disorders Center, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, and of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Sabra L. Klein
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
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22
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Zhu B, Li N, Zhu Q, Wu T, Heizati M, Wang G, Yao X, Luo Q, Liu S, Liu S, Hong J. Association of serum high mobility group box 1 levels with disease activity and renal involvement in patients with systemic vasculitis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14493. [PMID: 30732222 PMCID: PMC6380849 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a kind of proinflammatory mediator that acts as an alarmin when released by dying, injured or activated cells. Previous studies have reported that HMGB1 are closely linked to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). The present study aimed to evaluate whether serum HMGB1 levels were associated with systemic vasculitis (VAs).The study population consisted of 51 patients with VAs, 46 patients with essential hypertension (EH) and 46 healthy controls (HC). Thirty-five patients with VAs had in active stage and 16 patients with VAs in an inactive stage. Furthermore, 31 patients with VAs had renal involvement, the other 20 patients were selected for without renal involvement. Serum HMGB1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Associations between serum HMGB1 levels with clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed.Serum HMGB1 levels in patients with VAs were significantly higher than in EH and HC (all P < .05), and no difference regarding serum HMGB1 levels could be found between EH and HC (P = .208). Serum HMGB1 levels in VAs patients with active stage were significantly higher than those in HC and VAs patients with inactive stage (all P < .05). Patients with renal involvement and non-renal involvement had increased HMGB1 levels compared with HC (all P < .05). In addition, serum HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in patients with renal involvement compared with non-renal involvement patients (P = .001). Correlation analysis showed that serum HMGB1 levels were positive significant correlated with the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score, hypersensitive C reactive protein (Hs-CRP), serum creatinine (Scr) and 24-hour proteinuria (all P < .05). Among the subsets of VAs, serum HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in AAV, polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and takayasu arteritis (TA) than in HC (all P < .05). More interestingly, serum HMGB1 were significantly higher in patients with PAN compared with AAV and TA patients (all P < .05). Furthermore, there was positive correlation between serum HMGB1 levels and Hs-CRP, Scr, and 24-hour proteinuria in patients with PAN (all P < .05).Serum HMGB1 levels are increased in patients with VAs compared with HC and EH and can reflect the disease activity and renal involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Xinjiang Medical University
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Nanfang Li
- Xinjiang Medical University
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mulalibieke Heizati
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yao
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qin Luo
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing Hong
- Center for Hypertension of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Institute of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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