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Lamba M, Singh PR, Bandyopadhyay A, Goswami A. Synthetic 18F labeled biomolecules that are selective and promising for PET imaging: major advances and applications. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1899-1920. [PMID: 38911154 PMCID: PMC11187557 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of positron emission tomography (PET) based imaging was developed more than 40 years ago. It has been a widely adopted technique for detecting and staging numerous diseases in clinical settings, particularly cancer, neuro- and cardio-diseases. Here, we reviewed the evolution of PET and its advantages over other imaging modalities in clinical settings. Primarily, this review discusses recent advances in the synthesis of 18F radiolabeled biomolecules in light of the widely accepted performance for effective PET. The discussion particularly emphasizes the 18F-labeling chemistry of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, oligonucleotides, peptides, and protein molecules, which have shown promise for PET imaging in recent decades. In addition, we have deliberated on how 18F-labeled biomolecules enable the detection of metabolic changes at the cellular level and the selective imaging of gross anatomical localization via PET imaging. In the end, the review discusses the future perspective of PET imaging to control disease in clinical settings. We firmly believe that collaborative multidisciplinary research will further widen the comprehensive applications of PET approaches in the clinical management of cancer and other pathological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Lamba
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Birla Farms Ropar Punjab-140001 India
| | - Prasoon Raj Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Birla Farms Ropar Punjab-140001 India
| | - Anupam Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Birla Farms Ropar Punjab-140001 India
| | - Avijit Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Birla Farms Ropar Punjab-140001 India
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Thanigainathan T, Sharma A, Patel C, Seth S, Roy A, Pandey AK, Gupta P, Kumar R, Kumar P, Bal CS. Imaging of cardiac sympathetic dysfunction with 18F-FDOPA PET/CT in patients with heart failure: a pilot study. J Nucl Cardiol 2023; 30:1147-1157. [PMID: 36474068 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-022-03150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Routine use of cardiac sympathetic imaging in HF has been limited by the lower availability/sensitivity of radiotracers. This study was aimed to assess the feasibility of 18F-FDOPA (commonly available PET-radiotracer) in assessment of cardiac autonomic dysfunction. METHODS Twenty-four controls (46.5 ± 11.1 years, 16men) and 24 patients (43.5 ± 11.0 years, 18men) with diagnosed HF (Framingham-Criteria) underwent cardiac-PET/CT. Region(s) Of Interest were drawn over entire left ventricular myocardium (LV), individual walls, and mediastinum (M). Coefficient of Variation (CV) was calculated from individual wall counts. RESULTS HF patients had significantly lower myocardial 18F-FDOPA uptake (P < .001, independent t test) than controls [32.4% ± 9.5% global reduction; highest in apex (39.9% ± 7.0%)]. A cut-off of LV/M ≤ 1.68 could differentiate patients from controls with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 95.8%, respectively. LV/M correlated positively with EF (Pearson coefficient = 0.460, P .031). During follow-up, 3 patients were lost to follow-up, 4 died (survival-20.5 ± 4 months), 2 worsened, and 15 remained stable/showed mild improvement. Patients who worsened/died during follow-up had higher CV than those with stable/improving symptoms [0.16 ± 0.05 vs 0.11 ± 0.05, P value .069 (independent t test); Cox regression P = .084]. CONCLUSION Myocardial 18F-FDOPA uptake in patients with HF is significantly reduced. Higher reduction is seen in those with lower EF. CV, a maker of regional heterogeneity, is a potential prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anshul Sharma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, HBCHRC (Tata Memorial Centre), Mullanpur, Punjab, India
| | - Chetan Patel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sandeep Seth
- Department of Cardiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Ambuj Roy
- Department of Cardiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Jørgensen SH, Bøgh N, Hansen E, Væggemose M, Wiggers H, Laustsen C. Hyperpolarized MRI - An update and future perspectives. Semin Nucl Med 2021; 52:374-381. [PMID: 34785033 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) imaging has emerged as a complementary metabolic imaging approach. Hyperpolarization via dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization is a technique that enhances the MR signal of 13C-enriched molecules by a factor of > 104, enabling detection downstream metabolites in a variety of intracellular metabolic pathways. The aim of the present review is to provide the reader with an update on hyperpolarized 13C MRS imaging and to assess the future clinical potential of the technology. Several carbon-based probes have been used in hyperpolarized studies. However, the first and most widely used 13C-probe in clinical studies is [1-13C]pyruvate. In this probe, the enrichment of 13C is performed at the first carbon position as the only modification. Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate MRS imaging can detect intracellular production of [1-13C]lactate and 13C-bicarbonate non-invasively and in real time without the use of ionizing radiation. Thus, by probing the balance between oxidative and glycolytic metabolism, hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate MRS imaging can image the Warburg effect in malignant tumors and detect the hallmarks of ischemia or viability in the myocardium. An increasing number of clinical studies have demonstrated that clinical hyperpolarized 13C MRS imaging is not only possible, but also it provides metabolic information that was previously inaccessible by non-invasive techniques. Although the technology is still in its infancy and several technical improvements are warranted, it is of paramount importance that nuclear medicine physicians gain knowledge of the possibilities and pitfalls of the technique. Hyperpolarized 13C MRS imaging may become an integrated feature in combined metabolic imaging of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Jørgensen
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark; The Department of Cardiology, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Hjørring, Denmark
| | - N Bøgh
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ess Hansen
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Væggemose
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; GE Healthcare, Brøndby, Denmark
| | - H Wiggers
- The Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - C Laustsen
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Lakkas L, Serim BD, Fotopoulos A, Iakovou I, Doumas A, Korkmaz U, Michalis LK, Sioka C. Infection of cardiac prosthetic valves and implantable electronic devices: early diagnosis and treatment. Acta Cardiol 2021; 76:569-575. [PMID: 32406333 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2020.1761594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There has been a recent rise in the use of implantable cardiac devices, mostly valves but also electronic ones, such as pacemakers, and implantable defibrillators. The increasing use of these devices had as a consequence the raised incidence of endocarditis, an infrequent but morbid complication of these procedures. Thus, early diagnosis of the implantable cardiac devices related infection and endocarditis became pivotal for appropriate management. For diagnostic purposes, the modified Duke criteria are widely used, which are based on clinical and imaging findings, in addition to serological analyses and blood cultures. 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a recently employed method in order to improve the early diagnosis of endocarditis as well as infection of the implantable device. It is likely, that combining the modified Duke criteria with the FDG PET/CT, will increase the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis and will guide the treating physician to an early and appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lampros Lakkas
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Medical school, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Burcu Dirlik Serim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institution of Cardiology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andreas Fotopoulos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical school, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis Iakovou
- 2nd Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Argyrios Doumas
- 2nd Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ulku Korkmaz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Lampros K. Michalis
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Medical school, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Chrissa Sioka
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical school, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Xiong J, Zhang W, Wei H, Li X, Dai G, Hu C. Enhanced external counterpulsation improves cardiac function in Beagles after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Braz J Med Biol Res 2020; 53:e9136. [PMID: 31939599 PMCID: PMC6967117 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20199136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on the cardiac function of beagle dogs after prolonged ventricular fibrillation. Twenty-four adult male beagles were randomly divided into control and EECP groups. Ventricular fibrillation was induced in the animals for 12 min, followed by 2 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. They then received EECP therapy for 4 h (EECP group) or not (control group). The hemodynamics was monitored using the PiCCO2 system. Blood gas and hemorheology were assessed at baseline and at 1, 2, and 4 h after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The myocardial blood flow (MBF) was quantified by 18F-flurpiridaz PET myocardial perfusion imaging at baseline and 4 h after ROSC. Survival time of the animals was recorded within 24 h. Ventricular fibrillation was successfully induced in all animals, and they achieved ROSC after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Survival time of the control group was shorter than that of the EECP group [median of 8 h (min 8 h, max 21 h) vs median of 24 h (min 16 h, max 24 h) (Kaplan Meyer plot analysis, P=0.0152). EECP improved blood gas analysis findings and increased the coronary perfusion pressure and MBF value. EECP also improved the cardiac function of Beagles after ROSC in multiple aspects, significantly increased blood flow velocity, and decreased plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index, and hematocrit levels. EECP improved the hemodynamics of beagle dogs and increased MBF, subsequently improving cardiac function and ultimately improving the survival time of animals after ROSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- Cadre's Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongyan Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Emergency, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Dai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunlin Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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van der Bijl P, Delgado V, Bootsma M, Bax JJ. Risk Stratification of Genetic, Dilated Cardiomyopathies Associated With Neuromuscular Disorders: Role of Cardiac Imaging. Circulation 2019; 137:2514-2527. [PMID: 29866775 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.031110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) can be grouped as either genetic or nongenetic. More than 50 pathogenic genes have been described, with sarcomeric and lamin A/C mutations being the most common. Mutation carriers for genetic DCM are often asymptomatic until cardiac disease manifests with heart failure, arrhythmias, or sudden cardiac death. Preventive strategies are promising but can only be applied and tested adequately if genetic DCM can be diagnosed at an early stage. Early diagnosis of mutation carriers that may develop overt DCM requires advanced imaging techniques that can detect subtle structural and functional abnormalities. Advanced echocardiographic techniques such as tissue Doppler imaging and speckle tracking strain analysis permit early detection of functional abnormalities, whereas cardiovascular magnetic resonance techniques provide information on tissue characterization and myocardial energetics that may be altered at an early stage. Furthermore, nuclear imaging techniques provide information on cellular function (metabolism, perfusion). Once the diagnosis of overt DCM has been established, various imaging parameters such as echocardiography-based myocardial mechanics and cardiovascular magnetic resonance-based tissue characterization have shown incremental benefit to left ventricular ejection fraction in risk stratification. Further research is required to understand how imaging techniques may help to choose management strategies that could delay progression when instituted early in the course of the disease. The present article reviews the role of imaging in the risk stratification of genetic DCM in general, with specific emphasis on DCM associated with neuromuscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne Bootsma
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
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Clarke WT, Peterzan MA, Rayner JJ, Sayeed RA, Petrou M, Krasopoulos G, Lake HA, Raman B, Watson WD, Cox P, Hundertmark MJ, Apps AP, Lygate CA, Neubauer S, Rider OJ, Rodgers CT. Localized rest and stress human cardiac creatine kinase reaction kinetics at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4085. [PMID: 30920054 PMCID: PMC6542687 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the kinetics of the creatine kinase (CK) shuttle are sensitive markers of cardiac energetics but are typically measured at rest and in the prone position. This study aims to measure CK kinetics during pharmacological stress at 3 T, with measurement in the supine position. A shorter "stressed saturation transfer" (StreST) extension to the triple repetition time saturation transfer (TRiST) method is proposed. We assess scanning in a supine position and validate the MR measurement against biopsy assay of CK activity. We report normal ranges of stress CK forward rate (kfCK ) for healthy volunteers and obese patients. TRiST measures kfCK in 40 min at 3 T. StreST extends the previously developed TRiST to also make a further kfCK measurement during <20 min of dobutamine stress. We test our TRiST implementation in skeletal muscle and myocardium in both prone and supine positions. We evaluate StreST in the myocardium of six healthy volunteers and 34 obese subjects. We validated MR-measured kfCK against biopsy assays of CK activity. TRiST kfCK values matched literature values in skeletal muscle (kfCK = 0.25 ± 0.03 s-1 vs 0.27 ± 0.03 s-1 ) and myocardium when measured in the prone position (0.32 ± 0.15 s-1 ), but a significant difference was found for TRiST kfCK measured supine (0.24 ± 0.12 s-1 ). This difference was because of different respiratory- and cardiac-motion-induced B0 changes in the two positions. Using supine TRiST, cardiac kfCK values for normal-weight subjects were 0.15 ± 0.09 s-1 at rest and 0.17 ± 0.15 s-1 during stress. For obese subjects, kfCK was 0.16 ± 0.07 s-1 at rest and 0.17 ± 0.10 s-1 during stress. Rest myocardial kfCK and CK activity from LV biopsies of the same subjects correlated (R = 0.43, p = 0.03). We present an independent implementation of TRiST on the Siemens platform using a commercially available coil. Our extended StreST protocol enables cardiac kfCK to be measured during dobutamine-induced stress in the supine position.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Clarke
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIBUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Mark A. Peterzan
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Jennifer J. Rayner
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Rana A. Sayeed
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, John Radcliffe HospitalOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Mario Petrou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, John Radcliffe HospitalOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - George Krasopoulos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, John Radcliffe HospitalOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Hannah A. Lake
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human GeneticsRoosevelt DriveOxfordUK
| | - Betty Raman
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - William D. Watson
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Pete Cox
- Department of Physiology AnatomyUniversity of OxfordParks Road, Sherrington BuildingOxfordUK
| | - Moritz J. Hundertmark
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Andrew P. Apps
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Craig A. Lygate
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human GeneticsRoosevelt DriveOxfordUK
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Oliver J. Rider
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Christopher T. Rodgers
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine RDMUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
- Wolfson Brain Imaging CentreUniversity of CambridgeBox 65, Cambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUK
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Robson PM, Trivieri M, Karakatsanis NA, Padilla M, Abgral R, Dweck MR, Kovacic JC, Fayad ZA. Correction of respiratory and cardiac motion in cardiac PET/MR using MR-based motion modeling. Phys Med Biol 2018; 63:225011. [PMID: 30426968 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aaea97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) imaging suffers from image blurring due to the constant motion of the heart that can impact interpretation. Hybrid PET/magnetic resonance (MR) has the potential to use radiation-free MR imaging to correct for the effects of cardio-respiratory motion in the PET data, improving qualitative and quantitative PET imaging in the heart. The purpose of this study was (i) to implement a MR image-based motion-corrected PET/MR method and (ii) to perform a proof-of-concept study of quantitative myocardial PET data in patients. The proposed method takes reconstructions of respiratory and cardiac gated PET data and applies spatial transformations to a single reference frame before averaging to form a single motion-corrected PET (MC-PET) image. Motion vector fields (MVFs) describing the transformations were derived from affine or non-rigid registration of respiratory and cardiac gated MR data. Eight patients with suspected cardiac sarcoidosis underwent cardiac PET/MR imaging after injection of 5 MBq kg-1 of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). Myocardial regions affected by motion were identified by expert readers within which target-to-background ratios (TBR) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) were measured on non-MC-non-gated, MC-PET, and double respiratory and cardiac gated PET images. Paired t-tests were used to determine statistical differences in quantitative uptake-measures between the different types of PET images. MC-PET images showed less blurring compared to non-MC-non-gated PET and tracer activity qualitatively aligned better with the underlying myocardial anatomy when fused with MR. TBR and CNR were significantly greater for MC-PET (2.8 ± 0.9; 21 ± 22) compared to non-MC-non-gated PET (2.4 ± 0.9, p = 0.0001; 15 ± 13, p = 0.02), while TBR was lower and CNR greater compared to double-gated PET (3.2 ± 0.9, p = 0.04; 6 ± 3, p = 0.004). This study demonstrated in a patient cohort that motion-corrected (MC) cardiac PET/MR is feasible using a retrospective MR image-based method and that improvement in TBR and CNR are achievable. MC PET/MR holds promise for improving interpretation and quantification in cardiac PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Robson
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, United States of America. Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
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Massardo T, Alarcón L, Spuler J. Estratificación de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria con métodos isotópicos. Estado actual de la práctica clínica. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2017; 36:377-387. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Massardo T, Alarcón L, Spuler J. Risk stratification of coronary artery disease using radionuclides. Current status of clinical practice. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Robson PM, Dey D, Newby DE, Berman D, Li D, Fayad ZA, Dweck MR. MR/PET Imaging of the Cardiovascular System. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2017; 10:1165-1179. [PMID: 28982570 PMCID: PMC6415529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular imaging has largely focused on identifying structural, functional, and metabolic changes in the heart. The ability to reliably assess disease activity would have major potential clinical advantages, including the identification of early disease, differentiating active from stable conditions, and monitoring disease progression or response to therapy. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging now allows such assessments of disease activity to be acquired in the heart, whereas magnetic resonance (MR) scanning provides detailed anatomic imaging and tissue characterization. Hybrid MR/PET scanners therefore combine the strengths of 2 already powerful imaging modalities. Simultaneous acquisition of the 2 scans also provides added benefits, including improved scanning efficiency, motion correction, and partial volume correction. Radiation exposure is lower than with hybrid PET/computed tomography scanning, which might be particularly beneficial in younger patients who may need repeated scans. The present review discusses the expanding clinical literature investigating MR/PET imaging, highlights its advantages and limitations, and explores future potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Robson
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Damini Dey
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - David E Newby
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Berman
- Departments of Imaging and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Marc R Dweck
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Sollini M, Boni R, Antunovic L, Kirienko M, Lazzeri E, Erba PA. The Role of Nuclear Cardiac Imaging in Infective Endocarditis. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-017-9421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Research Progress on 18F-Labeled Agents for Imaging of Myocardial Perfusion with Positron Emission Tomography. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040562. [PMID: 28358340 PMCID: PMC6154634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the world. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) plays a significant role in non-invasive diagnosis and prognosis of CAD. However, neither single-photon emission computed tomography nor positron emission tomography clinical MPI agents can absolutely satisfy the demands of clinical practice. In the past decades, tremendous developments happened in the field of 18F-labeled MPI tracers. This review summarizes the current state of 18F-labeled MPI tracers, basic research data of those tracers, and the future direction of MPI tracer research.
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Makrilakis K, Liatis S. Cardiovascular Screening for the Asymptomatic Patient with Diabetes: More Cons Than Pros. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:8927473. [PMID: 29387731 PMCID: PMC5745704 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8927473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) morbidity and mortality. Although it frequently coexists with other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, it confers an increased risk for CVD events on its own. Coronary atherosclerosis is generally more aggressive and widespread in people with diabetes (PWD) and is frequently asymptomatic. Screening for silent myocardial ischaemia can be applied in a wide variety of ways. In nearly all asymptomatic PWD, however, the results of screening will generally not change medical therapy, since aggressive preventive measures, such as control of blood pressure and lipids, would have been already indicated, and above all, invasive revascularization procedures (either with percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting) have not been shown in randomized clinical trials to confer any benefit on morbidity and mortality. Still, unresolved issues remain regarding the extent of the underlying ischaemia that might affect the risk and the benefit of revascularization (on top of optimal medical therapy) in ameliorating this risk in patients with moderate to severe ischaemia. The issues related to the detection of coronary atherosclerosis and ischaemia, as well as the studies related to management of CHD in asymptomatic PWD, will be reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Makrilakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Liatis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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15
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Sicchieri LB, de Andrade Natal R, Courrol LC. Fluorescent lifetime imaging microscopy using Europium complexes improves atherosclerotic plaques discrimination. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016; 32:1595-604. [PMID: 27412686 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-016-0936-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to characterize arterial tissue with and without atherosclerosis by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) using Europium Chlortetracycline complex (EuCTc) as fluorescent marker. For this study, twelve rabbits were randomly divided into a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG), where they were fed a normal and hypercholesterolemic diet, respectively, and were treated for 60 days. Cryosections of the aortic arch specimens were cut in a vertical plane, mounted on glass slides, and stained with Europium (Eu), Chlortetracycline (CTc), Europium Chlortetracycline (EuCTc), and Europium Chlortetracycline Magnesium (EuCTcMg) solutions. FLIM images were obtained with excitation at 405 nm. The average autofluorescence lifetime within plaque depositions was ~1.36 ns. Reduced plaque autofluorescence lifetimes of 0.23 and 0.31 ns were observed on incubation with EuCTc and EuCTcMg respectively. It was observed a quenching of collagen, cholesterol and TG emission spectra increasing EuCTc concentration. The drastic reduction in fluorescence lifetimes is due to a resonant energy transfer between collagen, triglycerides, cholesterol and europium complexes, quenching fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Bonfante Sicchieri
- Center of Lasers and Applications, Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de Andrade Natal
- Departments of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilia Coronato Courrol
- Center of Lasers and Applications, Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Wang Y, Ma G, An L, Shi F, Zhang P, Lalush DS, Wu X, Pu Y, Zhou J, Shen D. Semisupervised Tripled Dictionary Learning for Standard-Dose PET Image Prediction Using Low-Dose PET and Multimodal MRI. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2016; 64:569-579. [PMID: 27187939 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2016.2564440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To obtain high-quality positron emission tomography (PET) image with low-dose tracer injection, this study attempts to predict the standard-dose PET (S-PET) image from both its low-dose PET (L-PET) counterpart and corresponding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS It was achieved by patch-based sparse representation (SR), using the training samples with a complete set of MRI, L-PET and S-PET modalities for dictionary construction. However, the number of training samples with complete modalities is often limited. In practice, many samples generally have incomplete modalities (i.e., with one or two missing modalities) that thus cannot be used in the prediction process. In light of this, we develop a semisupervised tripled dictionary learning (SSTDL) method for S-PET image prediction, which can utilize not only the samples with complete modalities (called complete samples) but also the samples with incomplete modalities (called incomplete samples), to take advantage of the large number of available training samples and thus further improve the prediction performance. RESULTS Validation was done on a real human brain dataset consisting of 18 subjects, and the results show that our method is superior to the SR and other baseline methods. CONCLUSION This paper proposed a new S-PET prediction method, which can significantly improve the PET image quality with low-dose injection. SIGNIFICANCE The proposed method is favorable in clinical application since it can decrease the potential radiation risk for patients.
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