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Chen C, Demirkhanyan L, Gondi CS. The Multifaceted Role of miR-21 in Pancreatic Cancers. Cells 2024; 13:948. [PMID: 38891080 PMCID: PMC11172074 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
With the lack of specific signs and symptoms, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is often diagnosed at late metastatic stages, resulting in poor survival outcomes. Among various biomarkers, microRNA-21 (miR-21), a small non-coding RNA, is highly expressed in PDAC. By inhibiting regulatory proteins at the 3' untranslated regions (UTR), miR-21 holds significant roles in PDAC cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, as well as cancer invasion, metastasis, and resistance therapy. We conducted a systematic search across major databases for articles on miR-21 and pancreatic cancer mainly published within the last decade, focusing on their diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic, and biological roles. This rigorous approach ensured a comprehensive review of miR-21's multifaceted role in pancreatic cancers. In this review, we explore the current understandings and future directions regarding the regulation, diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential of targeting miR-21 in PDAC. This exhaustive review discusses the involvement of miR-21 in proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis modulation, angiogenesis, and its role in therapy resistance. Also discussed in the review is the interplay between various molecular pathways that contribute to tumor progression, with specific reference to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
| | - Lusine Demirkhanyan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
| | - Christopher S. Gondi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Surgery, and Health Science Education and Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
- Health Care Engineering Systems Center, The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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2
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Elango A, Nesam VD, Sukumar P, Lawrence I, Radhakrishnan A. Postbiotic butyrate: role and its effects for being a potential drug and biomarker to pancreatic cancer. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:156. [PMID: 38480544 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Postbiotics are produced by microbes and have recently gained importance in the field of oncology due to their beneficial effects to the host, effectiveness against cancer cells, and their ability to suppress inflammation. In particular, butyrate dominates over all other postbiotics both in quantity and anticancer properties. Pancreatic cancer (PC), being one of the most malignant and lethal cancers, reported a decreased 5-year survival rate in less than 10% of the patients. PC causes an increased mortality rate due to its inability to be detected at an early stage but still a promising strategy for its diagnosis has not been achieved yet. It is necessary to diagnose Pancreatic cancer before the metastatic progression stage. The available blood biomarkers lack accurate and proficient diagnostic results. Postbiotic butyrate is produced by gut microbiota such as Rhuminococcus and Faecalibacterium it is involved in cell signalling pathways, autophagy, and cell cycle regulation, and reduction in butyrate concentration is associated with the occurrence of pancreatic cancer. The postbiotic butyrate is a potential biomarker that could detect PC at an early stage, before the metastatic progression stage. Thus, this review focused on the gut microbiota butyrate's role in pancreatic cancer and the immuno-suppressive environment, its effects on histone deacetylase and other immune cells, microbes in major butyrate synthesis pathways, current biomarkers in use for Pancreatic Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinaya Elango
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Vineeta Debbie Nesam
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Padmaja Sukumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Infancia Lawrence
- Priyadharshani Research and Development, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Arunkumar Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
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3
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Vahabi M, Dehni B, Antomás I, Giovannetti E, Peters GJ. Targeting miRNA and using miRNA as potential therapeutic options to bypass resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:725-740. [PMID: 37490255 PMCID: PMC10584721 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive disease with poor prognosis due to early metastasis, low diagnostic rates at early stages, and resistance to current therapeutic regimens. Despite numerous studies and clinical trials, the mortality rate for PDAC has shown limited improvement. Therefore, there is a pressing need to attain. a more comprehensive molecular characterization to identify biomarkers enabling early detection and evaluation of treatment response. MicroRNA (miRNAs) are critical regulators of gene expression on the post-transcriptional level, and seem particularly interesting as biomarkers due to their relative stability, and the ability to detect them in fixed tissue specimens and biofluids. Deregulation of miRNAs is common and affects several hallmarks of cancer and contribute to the oncogenesis and metastasis of PDAC. Unique combinations of upregulated oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) and downregulated tumor suppressor miRNAs (TsmiRs), promote metastasis, characterize the tumor and interfere with chemosensitivity of PDAC cells. Here, we review several oncomiRs and TsmiRs involved in chemoresistance to gemcitabine and FOLFIRINOX in PDAC and highlighted successful/effective miRNA-based therapy approaches in vivo. Integrating miRNAs in PDAC treatment represents a promising therapeutic avenue that can be used as guidance for personalized medicine for PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrou Vahabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bilal Dehni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Inés Antomás
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
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4
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Khan IA, Saraya A. Circulating MicroRNAs as Noninvasive Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer: A Review. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:720-730. [PMID: 36322366 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal human cancers. Currently, most PC cases are diagnosed at an already advanced stage. Early detection of PC is critical to improving survival rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers for the early detection of PC. Recently, circulating miRNAs in whole blood and other body fluids have been reported as promising biomarkers for the early detection of various cancers, including PC. Furthermore, due to minimal invasiveness and technical availability, circulating miRNAs hold promise for further wide usage. As a potential novel molecular marker, circulating miRNAs not only represent promising noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic tools but could also improve the evaluation of tumor classification, metastasis, and curative effect. The purpose of this review is to outline the available information regarding circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imteyaz Ahmad Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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5
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Peller MT, Das KK. Blood-Based Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of Pancreatic Cysts. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2023; 33:559-581. [PMID: 37245936 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The use of blood-based biomarkers for the assessment of pancreatic cystic lesions is a rapidly growing field with incredible potential. CA 19-9 remains the only blood-based marker in common use, while many novel biomarkers are in early stages of development and validation. We highlight current work in the fields of proteomics, metabolomics, cell-free DNA/circulating tumor DNA, extracellular vesicles, and microRNA among others, as well as barriers to development and future directions in the work of blood-based biomarkers for pancreatic cystic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Peller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue Campus Box 8124, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Koushik K Das
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue Campus Box 8124, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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6
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Fang X, Lan H, Jin K, Qian J. Pancreatic cancer and exosomes: role in progression, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1149551. [PMID: 37287924 PMCID: PMC10242099 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1149551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most dangerous diseases that threaten human life, and investigating the details affecting its progression or regression is particularly important. Exosomes are one of the derivatives produced from different cells, including tumor cells and other cells such as Tregs, M2 macrophages, and MDSCs, and can help tumor growth. These exosomes perform their actions by affecting the cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) that produce extracellular matrix (ECM) components and immune cells that are responsible for killing tumor cells. It has also been shown that pancreatic cancer cell (PCC)-derived exosomes at different stages carry molecules. Checking the presence of these molecules in the blood and other body fluids can help us in the early stage diagnosis and monitoring of PC. However, immune system cell-derived exosomes (IEXs) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes can contribute to PC treatment. Immune cells produce exosomes as part of the mechanisms involved in the immune surveillance and tumor cell-killing phenomenon. Exosomes can be modified in such a way that their antitumor properties are enhanced. One of these methods is drug loading in exosomes, which can significantly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs. In general, exosomes form a complex intercellular communication network that plays a role in developing, progressing, diagnosing, monitoring, and treating pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanrong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinchang People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xinchang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xinchang, Zhejiang, China
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7
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Marin AM, Sanchuki HBS, Namur GN, Uno M, Zanette DL, Aoki MN. Circulating Cell-Free Nucleic Acids as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041069. [PMID: 37189687 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A lack of reliable early diagnostic tools represents a major challenge in the management of pancreatic cancer (PCa), as the disease is often only identified after it reaches an advanced stage. This highlights the urgent need to identify biomarkers that can be used for the early detection, staging, treatment monitoring, and prognosis of PCa. A novel approach called liquid biopsy has emerged in recent years, which is a less- or non-invasive procedure since it focuses on plasmatic biomarkers such as DNA and RNA. In the blood of patients with cancer, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs) have been identified such as DNA, mRNA, and non-coding RNA (miRNA and lncRNA). The presence of these molecules encouraged researchers to investigate their potential as biomarkers. In this article, we focused on circulating cfNAs as plasmatic biomarkers of PCa and analyzed their advantages compared to traditional biopsy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelis Maria Marin
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Street, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Bruna Soligo Sanchuki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Street, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Naccache Namur
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Miyuki Uno
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Dalila Luciola Zanette
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Street, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Mateus Nóbrega Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 Street, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
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8
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Wnuk J, Strzelczyk JK, Gisterek I. Clinical Value of Circulating miRNA in Diagnosis, Prognosis, Screening and Monitoring Therapy of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma-A Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065113. [PMID: 36982210 PMCID: PMC10049684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is considered to be the seventh most common cause of cancer-related deaths. The number of deaths caused by PC is estimated to increase in the future. An early diagnosis of PC is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. The most common histopathological subtype of PC is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-which are endogenous non-coding RNAs involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of multiple gene expression-constitute useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various neoplasms, including PDAC. Circulating miRNAs detected in a patient's serum or plasma are drawing more and more attention. Hence, this review aims at evaluating the clinical value of circulating miRNA in the screening, diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wnuk
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-515 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Iwona Gisterek
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-515 Katowice, Poland
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9
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Farasati Far B, Vakili K, Fathi M, Yaghoobpoor S, Bhia M, Naimi-Jamal MR. The role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancers: A review. Life Sci 2023; 316:121340. [PMID: 36586571 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating the expression of several target genes. miRNAs play a significant role in cancer biology, as they can downregulate their corresponding target genes by impeding the translation of mRNA (at the mRNA level) as well as degrading mRNAs by binding to the 3'-untranslated (UTR) regions (at the protein level). miRNAs may be employed as cancer biomarkers. Therefore, miRNAs are widely investigated for early detection of cancers which can lead to improved survival rates and quality of life. This is particularly important in the case of gastrointestinal cancers, where early detection of the disease could substantially impact patients' survival. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21 or miRNA-21) is one of the most frequently researched miRNAs, where it is involved in the pathophysiology of cancer and the downregulation of several tumor suppressor genes. In gastrointestinal cancers, miR-21 regulates phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 (SMAD7), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase /protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), β-catenin, tropomyosin 1, maspin, and ras homolog gene family member B (RHOB). In this review, we investigate the functions of miR-21 in pathogenesis and its applications as a diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker in four different gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer (PC), gastric cancer (GC), and esophageal cancer (EC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Vakili
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Yaghoobpoor
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammed Bhia
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Reza Naimi-Jamal
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Circulating Biomarkers for Cancer Detection: Could Salivary microRNAs Be an Opportunity for Ovarian Cancer Diagnostics? Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030652. [PMID: 36979630 PMCID: PMC10044752 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with the crucial regulatory functions of gene expression at post-transcriptional level, detectable in cell and tissue extracts, and body fluids. For their stability in body fluids and accessibility to sampling, circulating miRNAs and changes of their concentration may represent suitable disease biomarkers, with diagnostic and prognostic relevance. A solid literature now describes the profiling of circulating miRNA signatures for several tumor types. Among body fluids, saliva accurately reflects systemic pathophysiological conditions, representing a promising diagnostic resource for the future of low-cost screening procedures for systemic diseases, including cancer. Here, we provide a review of literature about miRNAs as potential disease biomarkers with regard to ovarian cancer (OC), with an excursus about liquid biopsies, and saliva in particular. We also report on salivary miRNAs as biomarkers in oncological conditions other than OC, as well as on OC biomarkers other than miRNAs. While the clinical need for an effective tool for OC screening remains unmet, it would be advisable to combine within a single diagnostic platform, the tools for detecting patterns of both protein and miRNA biomarkers to provide the screening robustness that single molecular species separately were not able to provide so far.
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11
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Huang Z, Yang X, Huang Y, Tang Z, Chen Y, Liu H, Huang M, Qing L, Li L, Wang Q, Jie Z, Jin X, Jia B. Saliva - a new opportunity for fluid biopsy. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:4-32. [PMID: 36285724 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Saliva is a complex biological fluid with a variety of biomolecules, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites and microbiota, which can be used for the screening and diagnosis of many diseases. In addition, saliva has the characteristics of simple collection, non-invasive and convenient storage, which gives it the potential to replace blood as a new main body of fluid biopsy, and it is an excellent biological diagnostic fluid. This review integrates recent studies and summarizes the research contents of salivaomics and the research progress of saliva in early diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases. This review aims to explore the value and prospect of saliva diagnosis in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yisheng Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhengming Tang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuanxin Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mingshu Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ling Qing
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhuye Jie
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xin Jin
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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12
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Xu B, Chen Y, Peng M, Zheng JH, Zuo C. Exploring the potential of exosomes in diagnosis and drug delivery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:110-122. [PMID: 35765844 PMCID: PMC9796664 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a cancer of the digestive system, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for approximately 90% of all PC cases. Exosomes derived from PDAC (PDAC-exosomes) promote PDAC development and metastasis. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by most cells, which can carry biologically active molecules and mediate communication and cargo transportation among cells. Recent studies have focused on transforming exosomes into good drug delivery systems (DDSs) to improve the clinical treatment of PDAC. This review considers PDAC as the main research object to introduce the role of PDAC-exosomes in PDAC development and metastasis. This review focuses on the following two themes: (a) the great potential of PDAC-exosomes as new diagnostic markers for PDAC, and (b) the transformation of exosomes into potential DDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaoming Xu
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic SurgeryTranslational Medicine Joint Research Center of Liver Cancer of Hunan University, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School & Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology of College of BiologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Mingjing Peng
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic SurgeryTranslational Medicine Joint Research Center of Liver Cancer of Hunan University, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School & Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jin Hai Zheng
- Institute of Pathogen Biology and Immunology of College of BiologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Chaohui Zuo
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic SurgeryTranslational Medicine Joint Research Center of Liver Cancer of Hunan University, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School & Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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13
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Koopaie M, Kolahdooz S, Fatahzadeh M, Aleedawi ZA. Salivary noncoding RNA in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13848. [PMID: 35906804 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is considered one of the most deadly malignancies, primarily because of its diagnostic challenges. We performed a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of noncoding salivary RNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. METHODS Our investigation involved pertinent studies published in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LIVIVO, Ovid and also the Google Scholar search engine. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated, as were positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). The summary receiver-operating characteristics and area under the curve were plotted and assessed. RESULTS This meta-analysis and systematic review involved and examined five studies that contained 145 study units with a total of 2731 subjects (1465 pancreatic cancer patients versus 1266 noncancer controls). The pooled specificity, sensitivity, NLR, PLR and DOR were 0.783 (95% CI: 0.759-0.805), 0.829 (95% CI: 0.809-0.848), 0.309 (95% CI: 0.279-0.343), 3.386 (95% CI: 2.956-3.879) and 18.403 (95% CI: 14.753-22.954), respectively, with the area under the curve (AUC) equal to 0.882. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the saliva type (unstimulated and stimulated), mean age of patients, sample size, type of control, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level and type of salivary noncoding RNA (microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)). CONCLUSIONS The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that noncoding RNA biomarkers in the stimulated saliva could be a promising approach for accurate pancreatic cancer diagnosis in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahnaz Fatahzadeh
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Zainab Abdulkareem Aleedawi
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Dentist, Private Dental Clinic, Beirut, Lebanon
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Popov A, Mandys V. Senescence-Associated miRNAs and Their Role in Pancreatic Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610156. [PMID: 35570840 PMCID: PMC9098800 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Replicative senescence is irreversible cell proliferation arrest for somatic cells which can be circumvented in cancers. Cellular senescence is a process, which may play two opposite roles. On the one hand, this is a natural protection of somatic cells against unlimited proliferation and malignant transformation. On the other hand, cellular secretion caused by senescence can stimulate inflammation and proliferation of adjacent cells that may promote malignancy. The main genes controlling the senescence pathways are also well known as tumor suppressors. Almost 140 genes regulate both cellular senescence and cancer pathways. About two thirds of these genes (64%) are regulated by microRNAs. Senescence-associated miRNAs can stimulate cancer progression or act as tumor suppressors. Here we review the role playing by senescence-associated miRNAs in development, diagnostics and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Popov
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czechia
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15
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Assarzadegan N, Babaniamansour S, Shi J. Updates in the Diagnosis of Intraductal Neoplasms of the Pancreas. Front Physiol 2022; 13:856803. [PMID: 35309060 PMCID: PMC8931033 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.856803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest types of cancer worldwide. There are many reasons for this dismal prognosis, including the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and the lack of effective therapeutic approaches. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) represent detectable and treatable precursor lesions of PDAC. Our understanding of the pathology of IPMNs has evolved over the past few decades, and new advances in diagnostic tools have emerged. The new World Health Organization (WHO) classification scheme now recognizes the previously considered variants of IPMNs, such as intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms (IOPNs) and intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms (ITPNs), as distinct neoplasms. New imaging and molecular diagnostic tests are being developed to recognize these PDAC precursor lesions better. Here, we review the advances in diagnostic tools for IPMNs, IOPNs, and ITPNs, emphasizing the new (5th edition, 2019) WHO classification for pathological diagnosis, molecular markers, new laboratory tests, and imaging tools.
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16
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Role of microRNAs in response to cadmium chloride in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Arch Toxicol 2021; 96:467-485. [PMID: 34905088 PMCID: PMC8837568 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal and aggressive malignancies with a 5-year survival rate less than 9%. Early detection is particularly difficult due to the lack of symptoms even in advanced stages. microRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) are small (~ 18–24 nucleotides), endogenous, non-coding RNAs, which are involved in the pathogenesis of several malignancies including PDAC. Alterations of miR expressions can lead to apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The role of environmental pollutants such as cadmium (Cd) in PDAC has been suggested but not fully understood. This study underlines the role of miRs (miR-221, miR-155, miR-126) in response to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in vitro. Lethal concentration (LC50) values for CdCl2 resulted in a toxicity series of AsPC-1 > HPNE > BxPC-3 > Panc-1 = Panc-10.5. Following the treatment with CdCl2, miR-221 and miR-155 were significantly overexpressed, whereas miR-126 was downregulated. An increase in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the dysregulation of mesenchymal markers such as Wnt-11, E-cadherin, Snail, and Zeb1 was also observed. Hence, this study has provided evidence to suggest that the environmental pollutant Cd can have a significant role in the development of PDAC, suggesting a significant correlation between miRs and Cd exposure during PDAC progression. Further studies are needed to investigate the precise role of miRs in PDAC progression as well as the role of Cd and other environmental pollutants.
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17
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Mitochondrial DNA and MitomiR Variations in Pancreatic Cancer: Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189692. [PMID: 34575852 PMCID: PMC8470532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. Only about 15-20% of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer can undergo surgical resection, while the remaining 80% are diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In these cases, chemotherapy and radiotherapy only confer marginal survival benefit. Recent progress has been made in understanding the pathobiology of pancreatic cancer, with a particular effort in discovering new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, novel therapeutic targets, and biomarkers that can predict response to chemo- and/or radiotherapy. Mitochondria have become a focus in pancreatic cancer research due to their roles as powerhouses of the cell, important subcellular biosynthetic factories, and crucial determinants of cell survival and response to chemotherapy. Changes in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) have been implicated in chemoresistance and metastatic progression in some cancer types. There is also growing evidence that changes in microRNAs that regulate the expression of mtDNA-encoded mitochondrial proteins (mitomiRs) or nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins (mitochondria-related miRs) could serve as diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarkers. This review discusses the current knowledge on the clinical significance of changes of mtDNA, mitomiRs, and mitochondria-related miRs in pancreatic cancer and their potential role as predictors of cancer risk, as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and as molecular targets for personalized cancer therapy.
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18
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O'Neill RS, Stoita A. Biomarkers in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Are we closer to finding the golden ticket? World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:4045-4087. [PMID: 34326612 PMCID: PMC8311531 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i26.4045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer related mortality on a global scale. The disease itself is associated with a dismal prognosis, partly due to its silent nature resulting in patients presenting with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. To combat this, there has been an explosion in the last decade of potential candidate biomarkers in the research setting in the hope that a diagnostic biomarker may provide a glimmer of hope in what is otherwise quite a substantial clinical dilemma. Currently, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is utilized in the diagnostic work-up of patients diagnosed with PC however this biomarker lacks the sensitivity and specificity associated with a gold-standard marker. In the search for a biomarker that is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of PC, there has been a paradigm shift towards a focus on liquid biopsy and the use of diagnostic panels which has subsequently proved to have efficacy in the diagnosis of PC. Currently, promising developments in the field of early detection on PC using diagnostic biomarkers include the detection of microRNA (miRNA) in serum and circulating tumour cells. Both these modalities, although in their infancy and yet to be widely accepted into routine clinical practice, possess merit in the early detection of PC. We reviewed over 300 biomarkers with the aim to provide an in-depth summary of the current state-of-play regarding diagnostic biomarkers in PC (serum, urinary, salivary, faecal, pancreatic juice and biliary fluid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S O'Neill
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Alina Stoita
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2010, Australia
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19
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Dittmar RL, Liu S, Tai MC, Rajapakshe K, Huang Y, Longton G, DeCapite C, Hurd MW, Paris PL, Kirkwood KS, Coarfa C, Maitra A, Brand RE, Killary AM, Sen S. Plasma miRNA Biomarkers in Limited Volume Samples for Detection of Early-stage Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:729-740. [PMID: 33893071 PMCID: PMC8818322 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is key to improving patient outcomes; however, PDAC is usually diagnosed late. Therefore, blood-based minimally invasive biomarker assays for limited volume clinical samples are urgently needed. A novel miRNA profiling platform (Abcam Fireplex-Oncology Panel) was used to investigate the feasibility of developing early detection miRNA biomarkers with 20 μL plasma from a training set (58 stage II PDAC cases and 30 controls) and two validation sets (34 stage II PDAC cases and 25 controls; 44 stage II PDAC cases and 18 controls). miR-34a-5p [AUC = 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.66-0.87], miR-130a-3p (AUC = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63-0.84), and miR-222-3p (AUC = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.58-0.81) were identified as significantly differentially abundant in plasma from stage II PDAC versus controls. Although none of the miRNAs individually outperformed the currently used serologic biomarker for PDAC, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), combining the miRNAs with CA 19-9 improved AUCs from 0.89 (95% CI, 0.81-0.95) for CA 19-9 alone to 0.92 (95% CI, 0.86-0.97), 0.94 (95% CI, 0.89-0.98), and 0.92 (95% CI, 0.87-0.97), respectively. Gene set enrichment analyses of transcripts correlated with high and low expression of the three miRNAs in The Cancer Genome Atlas PDAC sample set. These miRNA biomarkers, assayed in limited volume plasma together with CA19-9, discriminate stage II PDAC from controls with good sensitivity and specificity. Unbiased profiling of larger cohorts should help develop an informative early detection biomarker assay for diagnostic settings. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: Development of minimally invasive biomarker assays for detection of premalignant disease and early-stage pancreatic cancer is key to improving patient survival. This study describes a limited volume plasma miRNA biomarker assay that can detect early-stage resectable pancreatic cancer in clinical samples necessary for effective prevention and clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Dittmar
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Suyu Liu
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
- Department of Biostatistics, Division of Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mei Chee Tai
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ying Huang
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Biostatistics University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Gary Longton
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christine DeCapite
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark W Hurd
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pamela L Paris
- Department of Urology and Division of Hematology Oncology, UCSF Helen Diller Cancer Research Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Kimberly S Kirkwood
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, UCSF Helen Diller Cancer Research Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Randall E Brand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ann M Killary
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Subrata Sen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
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20
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Hoshino I, Ishige F, Iwatate Y, Gunji H, Kuwayama N, Nabeya Y, Yokota H, Takeshita N, Iida K, Nagase H, Matsubara H. Cell-free microRNA-1246 in different body fluids as a diagnostic biomarker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248016. [PMID: 33690683 PMCID: PMC7946279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant tumor with unfavorable prognosis. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of microRNA (miR)-1246 detection in various body fluids as a biomarker for this disease. A total of 72 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled, and their blood, urine, and saliva samples were collected prior to treatment. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of miR-1246 was performed, and pre- and postoperative and intraday fluctuations in its expression were examined. The expression of miR-1246 in the blood and urine was significantly higher in the patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma than in 50 healthy control subjects. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the area under the curve values were 0.91 (sensitivity 91.7%, specificity 76.0%), 0.82 (sensitivity 90.3%, specificity 62.0%), and 0.80 (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 66.0%) in the serum, urine, and saliva, respectively. A relatively high diagnostic performance of miR-1246 was observed in all samples, which was better than that of the existing biomarkers squamous cell carcinoma antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and cytokeratin 19 fragment. No clear correlation was observed in the levels of miR-1246 expression among the three body fluids. Postoperatively, serum samples displayed significantly decreased miR-1246 levels. Although not significant, changes in the miR-1246 levels were observed at all collection times, with large fluctuations in the saliva. Meanwhile, serum miR-1246 expression was found to be associated with the disease prognosis. The results indicate that the levels of miR-1246 in the urine, saliva, and serum are a useful biomarker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and support the use of urine samples instead of blood samples for noninvasive diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isamu Hoshino
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Fumitaka Ishige
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yosuke Iwatate
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Gunji
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoki Kuwayama
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nabeya
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hajime Yokota
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Takeshita
- Division of Surgical Technology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Iida
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagase
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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21
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Peng C, Wang J, Gao W, Huang L, Liu Y, Li X, Li Z, Yu X. Meta-analysis of the Diagnostic Performance of Circulating MicroRNAs for Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:660-671. [PMID: 33437201 PMCID: PMC7797557 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.52706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have suggested that differentially expressed miRNAs may be promising diagnostic markers for pancreatic cancer (PC), but the results are inconsistent. We aimed to summarize the diagnostic accuracy of circulating miRNAs, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and the combination of miRNAs and CA19-9. Material and Methods: A literature search of online databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WanFang was conducted. Relative data were extracted from eligible included studies, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: A total of 46 studies involving 4,326 PC patients and 4,277 non-PC controls were included. The pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE) and AUC of the circulating miRNAs for differentiating PC patients from non-PC controls were 0.79 (0.77-0.81), 0.77 (0.75-0.79), and 0.85 (0.81-0.87), respectively. The combination of miRNAs and CA19-9 greatly improved the SEN, SPE and AUC to 0.84 (0.80-0.87), 0.91 (0.89-0.93) and 0.94 (0.92-0.96), respectively. Moreover, circulating miRNAs also yielded an acceptable diagnostic accuracy for early-stage PC with a SEN of 0.79 (0.76-0.82), a SPE of 0.74 (0.68-0.79) and an AUC of 0.81 (0.77-0.84). Conclusion: Circulating miRNAs exhibited satisfactory diagnostic performance for PC and even early-stage PC. The combination of circulating miRNAs and CA19-9 can further improve the diagnostic accuracy, providing a novel strategy for PC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Wenzhe Gao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Center for Medical Experiments, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
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22
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Non-coding RNA biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 75:153-168. [PMID: 33049362 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, which is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. The late disease diagnosis, the limited availability of effective therapeutic interventions and lack of robust diagnostic biomarkers, are some of the primary reasons for the dismal 5-year survival rates (∼8%) in patients with PDAC. The pancreatic cancer develops through accumulation of a series of genomic and epigenomic alterations which lead to the transformation of normal pancreatic epithelium into an invasive carcinoma - a process that can take up to 15-20 years to develop, from the occurrence of first initiating mutational event. These facts highlight a unique window of opportunity for the earlier detection of PDAC, which could allow timely disease interception and improvement in the overall survival outcomes in patients suffering from this fatal malignancy. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been recognized to play a central role in PDAC pathogenesis and are emerging as attractive candidates for biomarker development in various cancers, including PDAC. More specifically, the ncRNAs play a pivotal role in PDAC biology as they affect tumor growth, migration, and invasion by regulating cellular processes including cell cycle, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In this review, we focus on three types of well-established ncRNAs - microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) - and discuss their potential as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers in PDAC.
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23
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Chen J, Wu L, Sun Y, Luo C, Chen X, Wu L, Ding J, Pan G, Han C, Wu Z, Shen Y. Diagnostic value and clinical significance of circulating miR-650 and CA211 in detecting of gastric carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:254. [PMID: 32994817 PMCID: PMC7509765 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study determined the levels of plasma biomarkers in patients with gastric carcinoma (GC) and investigated their clinical significance and diagnostic value. Between April 2014 and December 2018, 90 patients with GC, 90 patients with precancerous lesions (Pre) and 45 healthy controls (NC) were recruited from the Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. Five markers were measured: microRNA-650 (miRNA-650; using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)125, CA211 and CA50 using electrochemiluminescence. Circulating markers were all upregulated in patients with GC (P<0.05), and CA211 and CA50 were significantly increased in patients with Pre. The miRNA-650 and CA211 had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.700 (moderate) and 0.866 (high), respectively, in the diagnosis of GC. Differentiation of GC from Pre yielded an AUC of 0.665 (low) and 0.708 (moderate), respectively. The combination model of miRNA-650 and CA211 showed an appropriate value of AUC (0.887) to discriminate the GC patients from the healthy subjects with a sensitivity and specificity of 82.5 and 97.7%. Additionally, differentiating GC from Pre yielded an AUC of 0.767 with a sensitivity of 57.1% and a specificity of 95%, respectively. In terms of clinicopathological features, the expression of miRNA-650 and CA211 in plasma was not associated with the patients' age, sex, Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage, or histological type. In conclusion, plasma miRNA-650 and CA211 is a promising and powerful non-invasive marker for the detection of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Wu
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Changjun Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Xianhua Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Junping Ding
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Gangxi Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Chaowen Han
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
| | - Zijuan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Rongshui Miao Autonomous County People's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, P.R. China
| | - Yongqi Shen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545007, P.R. China
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Zuo L, Tao H, Xu H, Li C, Qiao G, Guo M, Cao S, Liu M, Lin X. Exosomes-Coated miR-34a Displays Potent Antitumor Activity in Pancreatic Cancer Both in vitro and in vivo. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:3495-3507. [PMID: 32921986 PMCID: PMC7457762 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s265423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose MiR-34a, which acts as an important tumor suppressor gene, plays an important role in pancreatic cancer. However, the therapeutic application of miR-34a is limited by the lack of an effective delivery system. In the present study, we synthesize exosomes-coated miR-34a (exomiR-34a), and the anticancer effect of exomiR-34a was evaluated in pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods An ultrasound approach was used to synthesize exomiR-34a, and its transfection efficiency was examined by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The level of miR-34a and its targeted gene Bcl-2 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). MTT analysis was performed to determine the effect of exomiR-34a on the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. Annexin-V/PI double staining and Western blot analysis were carried out to determine the apoptosis of the pancreatic cancer cells. The xenograft nude mice model bearing human pancreatic cancer Panc28 cells was used to determine the antitumor effect of exomiR-34a in vivo. Results The exomiR-34a could cross the cell membrane efficiently, and downregulated the expression of the targeted gene Bcl-2. Treatment with exomiR-34a inhibited the growth of the pancreatic cancer cells significantly and the nanoparticles also induced apoptosis in cancer cells via affecting the expression of apoptotic-related genes. In vivo study using xenograft nude mice bearing Panc28 cancer cells revealed that exomiR-34a suppressed the growth of tumors significantly. Conclusion ExomiR-34a can inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Targeting miR-34a is a promising strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. ExomiR-34a has the potential to be developed as a novel anticancer agent for the treatment of human pancreatic malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanli Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
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25
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Gablo NA, Prochazka V, Kala Z, Slaby O, Kiss I. Cell-free microRNAs as Non-invasive Diagnostic and Prognostic Bio- markers in Pancreatic Cancer. Curr Genomics 2020; 20:569-580. [PMID: 32581645 PMCID: PMC7290054 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921666191217095017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PaC) is one of the most lethal cancers, with an increasing global incidence rate. Unfavorable prognosis largely results from associated difficulties in early diagnosis and the absence of prognostic and predictive biomarkers that would enable an individualized therapeutic approach. In fact, PaC prognosis has not improved for years, even though much efforts and resources have been devoted to PaC research, and the multimodal management of PaC patients has been used in clinical practice. It is thus imperative to develop optimal biomarkers, which would increase diagnostic precision and improve the post-diagnostic management of PaC patients. Current trends in biomarker research envisage the unique opportunity of cell-free microRNAs (miRNAs) present in circulation to become a convenient, non-invasive tool for accurate diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of response to treatment. This review analyzes studies focused on cell-free miRNAs in PaC. The studies provide solid evidence that miRNAs are detectable in serum, blood plasma, saliva, urine, and stool, and that they present easy-to-acquire biomarkers with strong diagnostic, prognostic and predictive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Gablo
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kala
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Kiss
- 1Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Surgery, Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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26
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Hidalgo-Sastre A, Lubeseder-Martellato C, Engleitner T, Steiger K, Zhong S, Desztics J, Öllinger R, Rad R, Schmid RM, Hermeking H, Siveke JT, von Figura G. Mir34a constrains pancreatic carcinogenesis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9654. [PMID: 32541781 PMCID: PMC7295749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that over 70 different microRNAs are aberrantly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), affecting proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, EMT and metastasis. The most important genetic alterations driving PDAC are a constitutive active mutation of the oncogene Kras and loss of function of the tumour suppressor Tp53 gene. Since the MicroRNA 34a (Mir34a) is a direct target of Tp53 it may critically contribute to the suppression of PDAC. Mir34a is epigenetically silenced in numerous cancers, including PDAC, where Mir34a down-regulation has been associated with poor patient prognosis. To determine whether Mir34a represents a suppressor of PDAC formation we generated an in vivo PDAC-mouse model harbouring pancreas-specific loss of Mir34a (KrasG12D; Mir34aΔ/Δ). Histological analysis of KrasG12D; Mir34aΔ/Δ mice revealed an accelerated formation of pre-neoplastic lesions and a faster PDAC development, compared to KrasG12D controls. Here we show that the accelerated phenotype is driven by an early up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFA and IL6 in normal acinar cells and accompanied by the recruitment of immune cells. Our results imply that Mir34a restrains PDAC development by modulating the immune microenvironment of PDAC, thus defining Mir34a restauration as a potential therapeutic strategy for inhibition of PDAC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hidalgo-Sastre
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Engleitner
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine II and TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Suyang Zhong
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Judit Desztics
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine II and TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine II and TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland M Schmid
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Hermeking
- Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Guido von Figura
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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27
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Cheng J, Yang A, Cheng S, Feng L, Wu X, Lu X, Zu M, Cui J, Yu H, Zou L. Circulating miR-19a-3p and miR-483-5p as Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923444. [PMID: 32487978 PMCID: PMC7297033 DOI: 10.12659/msm.923444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are attracting substantial interest as promising noninvasive biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC). Our study aimed to identify circulating miRNAs that are potential noninvasive markers for precancerous lesions and early gastric cancers (EGCs). Material/Methods Plasma specimens were obtained from 58 gastritis subjects, 54 patients with precancerous lesions, and 38 EGC patients for study. Results Significant differences in the plasma expression levels of miR-19a-3p, miR-22-3p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-483-5p (all P<0.05) were observed between EGC patients and gastritis subjects. Multivariable analysis showed that age (OR, 1.054; 95% CI, 1.006–1.104), miR-19a-3p expression (OR, 3.676; 95% CI, 1.914–7.061), and miR-483-5p expression (OR, 1.589; 95% CI, 1.242–2.033) were independently associated with EGCs and precancerous lesions. A combined diagnostic model incorporating these 3 variables for the prediction of EGCs and precancerous lesions was derived. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the model was 0.84; the sensitivity was 87.7% and the specificity was 62.8% at the cutoff value of −0.08. Conclusions Plasma miR-19a-3p and miR-483-5p are promising and powerful noninvasive markers for the early detection of GC. Patients are more willing to undergo noninvasive diagnostic procedures than gastroscopy for cancer screening, economizing limited medical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyao Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Aiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Shujun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Lin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Zu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jianfang Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Long Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
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28
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Ishige F, Hoshino I, Iwatate Y, Chiba S, Arimitsu H, Yanagibashi H, Nagase H, Takayama W. MIR1246 in body fluids as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8723. [PMID: 32457495 PMCID: PMC7250935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumor associated with poor survival, and early detection is important to improve patient outcomes. In the present study, we examined MIR1246 expression as a biomarker of pancreatic cancer. Total RNA was extracted from serum, urine and saliva samples from healthy subjects (n = 30) and patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 41, stage 0–IV). The MIR1246 level in each fluid was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Significantly higher MIR1246 expression in serum and urine was observed in patients with cancer than in healthy controls. A significant positive correlation was found between serum and urine MIR1246 expression (r = 0.34). Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed for MIR1246 in all three body fluids. The area under the curve for serum MIR1246 was 0.87 (sensitivity, 92.3%; specificity, 73.3%), and that for urine MIR1246 was 0.90 (sensitivity, 90.2%; specificity, 83.3%). With a cut-off of the control group’s mean plus twice the standard deviation, the sensitivities of MIR1246 in serum and urine for pancreatic cancer were 60.9 and 58.5%, respectively. Combining both serum and urine MIR1246 expression yielded a sensitivity of 85%. These results indicate that MIR246 may be a useful diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Ishige
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Isamu Hoshino
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Iwatate
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Chiba
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidehito Arimitsu
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroo Yanagibashi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagase
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Wataru Takayama
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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29
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Kong J, Wang W. A Systemic Review on the Regulatory Roles of miR-34a in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2855-2872. [PMID: 32308419 PMCID: PMC7138617 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s234549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded small-molecule RNAs that regulate gene expression by repressing target messenger RNA (mRNA) translation or degrading mRNA. miR-34a is one of the most important miRNAs participating in various physiological and pathological processes. miR-34a is abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors. The roles of miR-34a in gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) draw lots of attention. Numerous studies have demonstrated that dysregulated miR-34a is closely related to the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells, as well as the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and chemo-resistance of tumors. Thus, we systematically reviewed the abnormal expression and regulatory roles of miR-34a in GICs including esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pancreatic cancer (PC), and gallbladder cancer (GBC). It may provide a profile of versatile roles of miR-34a in GICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehong Kong
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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30
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Setti G, Pezzi ME, Viani MV, Pertinhez TA, Cassi D, Magnoni C, Bellini P, Musolino A, Vescovi P, Meleti M. Salivary MicroRNA for Diagnosis of Cancer and Systemic Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E907. [PMID: 32019170 PMCID: PMC7037322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: Background: The aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been associated with several diseases, including cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune conditions. Interest in salivary miRNAs as non-invasive tools for the diagnosis of malignancies and systemic diseases is rapidly increasing. The present systematic review was developed for answering the question: "Are salivary microRNAs reliable biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and systemic diseases?" METHODS The application of inclusion and exclusion criteria led to the selection of 11 papers. Critical appraisals and quality assessments of the selected studies were performed through the National Institute of Health "Study Quality Assessment Tool" and the classification of the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine. RESULTS Seven studies reported statistically significant correlations between one or more salivary miRNAs and the investigated disease. The critical analysis allowed us to classify only two studies (18.2%) as having "good" quality, the rest being scored as "intermediate" (8; 73%) and "poor" (1; 9%). Evidence exists that salivary miR-940 and miR-3679-5p are reliable markers for pancreatic cancer and that miR140-5p and miR301a are promising molecules for the salivary diagnosis of gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS Further studies, possibly avoiding the risk of bias highlighted here, are necessary to consolidate these findings and to identify new reliable salivary biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Setti
- Molecular Medicine Ph.D. School, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
- Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science with interest in Transplant Oncological and Regenerative Medicine—University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo 71, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Margherita E. Pezzi
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria—University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.E.P.); (M.V.V.); (D.C.); (P.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Viani
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria—University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.E.P.); (M.V.V.); (D.C.); (P.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Thelma A. Pertinhez
- Department of Medicine and Surgery—Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy;
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda USL—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia—Viale Umberto I, 50, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Diana Cassi
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria—University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.E.P.); (M.V.V.); (D.C.); (P.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Cristina Magnoni
- Dermatology—Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science with interest in Transplant Oncological and Regenerative Medicine—University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo 71, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Pierantonio Bellini
- Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science with interest in Transplant Oncological and Regenerative Medicine—University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo 71, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Antonino Musolino
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, University Hospital of Parma – Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, Italy;
| | - Paolo Vescovi
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria—University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.E.P.); (M.V.V.); (D.C.); (P.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Marco Meleti
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria—University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.E.P.); (M.V.V.); (D.C.); (P.V.); (M.M.)
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31
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Wei J, Yang L, Wu YN, Xu J. Serum miR-1290 and miR-1246 as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers of Human Pancreatic Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:1325-1333. [PMID: 32047539 PMCID: PMC6995378 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumor with no effective early diagnostic biomarkers. This study was performed to screen and identify serum microRNAs (miRNAs) as noninvasive biomarkers for PC diagnosis. Methods: Two upregulated miRNAs were selected by integrated analysis of three independent GEO datasets. Then, the expressions of two miRNAs in serum were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR among 120 PC patients, 40 benign disease controls and 40 healthy controls. The correlation between serum miRNAs and clinical characteristics was analyzed. The diagnostic utility of miRNAs was compared to CA19-9 using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: We discovered miR-1290 and miR-1246 were upregulated in PC patients through GEO datasets analysis. Serum miR-1290 and miR-1246 expression levels were elevated in PC patients compared to all controls and dramatically decreased after tumor resection (all P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) for miR-1290 was larger than miR-1246 and CA19-9 (miR-1290: 0.91; miR-1246: 0.81; CA19-9: 0.82). The combined diagnosis of individual or both miRNAs with CA19-9 was more effective for discriminating PC from all controls than the single CA19-9 assay (miR-1290+CA19-9: 0.96, miR-1246+CA19-9: 0.93, miR-1290+miR-1246+CA19-9: 0.97). The abundance of serum miR-1290 and miR-1246 was associated with tumor stage and size respectively and logistic modeling proved that both of them were independent risk factors for PC. Conclusion: Serum miR-1290 and miR-1246 might be promising biomarkers for PC diagnosis and the combined detection of CA19-9, together with miR-1290 or miR-1246, could improve the diagnostic accuracy of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yi-Ning Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.,National Key Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
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Shajari E, Mollasalehi H. Ribonucleic-acid-biomarker candidates for early-phase group detection of common cancers. Genomics 2020; 112:163-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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33
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Xue J, Jia E, Ren N, Lindsay A, Yu H. Circulating microRNAs as promising diagnostic biomarkers for pancreatic cancer: a systematic review. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6665-6684. [PMID: 31692495 PMCID: PMC6707936 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s207963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common forms of malignant tumors and causes of tumor-related death worldwide. The current prognosis of PC still remains poor due to the lack of effective early detection method. Recently, there is strong support that circulating miRNAs can be used as biomarkers for early detection of various cancers, including PC. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of previous published studies on circulating miRNAs in plasma/serum for early detection of PC and summarize their diagnostic value. PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched for eligible studies on circulating miRNAs for PC detection. Overall, 29 studies published between 2009 and 2018 evaluating 51 individual miRNAs (no P-value exceeding 0.05) and 13 miRNAs panels were included. Generally, the diagnostic performance of circulating miRNAs for PC detection was strong, with both the sensitivity and specificity of 36% individual miRNAs and 40% miRNAs panels exceeding 80%. Moreover, two promising miRNA panels were discovered and verified externally with all AUC values exceeding 0.95. Therefore, circulating miRNAs may hold potential to be used as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for PC, but large-scale studies are still needed to validate the promising miRNAs and optimize the miRNA panels. Since, the tremendous heterogeneity of studies in this field hampers translating miRNA markers into clinical practice, miRNA analytical procedures are also needed to be standardized in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Erna Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew Lindsay
- Major Cancer Biology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Haixin Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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34
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Jiang X, Hou D, Wei Z, Zheng S, Zhang Y, Li J. Extracellular and intracellular microRNAs in pancreatic cancer: from early diagnosis to reducing chemoresistance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s41544-019-0014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Salinas-Vera YM, Marchat LA, Gallardo-Rincón D, Ruiz-García E, Astudillo-De La Vega H, Echavarría-Zepeda R, López-Camarillo C. AngiomiRs: MicroRNAs driving angiogenesis in cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:657-670. [PMID: 30483765 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important hallmark of cancer serving a key role in tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, tumor angiogenesis has become an attractive target for development of novel drug therapies. An increased amount of anti‑angiogenic compounds is currently in preclinical and clinical development for personalized therapies. However, resistance to current angiogenesis inhibitors is emerging, indicating that there is a need to identify novel anti‑angiogenic agents. In the last decade, the field of microRNA biology has exploded revealing unsuspected functions in tumor angiogenesis. These small non‑coding RNAs, which have been dubbed as angiomiRs, may target regulatory molecules driving angiogenesis, such as cytokines, metalloproteinases and growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet‑derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, hypoxia inducible factor‑1, as well as mitogen‑activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3‑kinase and transforming growth factor signaling pathways. The present review discusses the current progress towards understanding the functions of miRNAs in tumor angiogenesis regulation in diverse types of human cancer. Furthermore, the potential clinical application of angiomiRs towards anti‑angiogenic tumor therapy was explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarely M Salinas-Vera
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genomicas, Universidad Autonoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 03100, Mexico
| | - Laurence A Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnologia, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07320, Mexico
| | - Dolores Gallardo-Rincón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruiz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico
| | - Horacio Astudillo-De La Vega
- Laboratorio de Investigacion Translacional en Cáncer y Terapia Celular, Hospital de Oncologia, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico
| | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genomicas, Universidad Autonoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 03100, Mexico
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Clinical Impact of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Regulating MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10090328. [PMID: 30217058 PMCID: PMC6162771 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive carcinoma entities worldwide with early and rapid dissemination. Recently, we discussed the role of microRNAs as epigenetic regulators of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in PDAC. In this study, we investigated their value as diagnostic and prognostic markers in tissue and blood samples of 185 patients including PDAC, non-malignant pancreatic disorders, and age-matched healthy controls. Expression of the microRNA-200-family (microRNAs -141, -200a, -200b, -200c, -429) and microRNA-148a was significantly downregulated in tissue of PDAC Union internationale contre le cancer (UICC) Stage II. Correspondingly, stromal PDAC tissue showed strong expression of Fibronectin, Vimentin, and ZEB-1 (Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox) versus low expression of E-cadherin. Transient transfection of microRNA-200b and microRNA-200c mimics resulted in the downregulation of their key target ZEB-1. Inversely, blood serum analyses of patients with PDAC UICC Stages II, III, and IV showed a significant over-expression of microRNA-200-family members, microRNA-148a, microRNA-10b, and microRNA-34a. Correspondingly, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) analyses revealed a significant over-expression of soluble E-cadherin in serum samples of PDAC patients versus healthy controls. The best diagnostic accuracy to distinguish between PDAC and non-PDAC in this patient collective could be achieved in tissue by microRNA-148a with an area under the receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.885 and in blood serum by a panel of microRNA-141, -200b, -200c, and CA.19-9 with an AUC of 0.890. Both diagnostic tools outreach the diagnostic performance of the currently most common diagnostic biomarker CA.19-9 (AUC of 0.834). Kaplan Meier survival analysis of this patient collective revealed an improved overall survival in PDAC patients with high expression of tissue-related microRNA-34a, -141, -200b, -200c, and -429. In conclusion, EMT-regulating microRNAs have great potential as liquid and solid biopsy markers in PDAC patients. Their prognostic and therapeutic benefits remain important tasks for future studies.
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Wei L, Yao K, Gan S, Suo Z. Clinical utilization of serum- or plasma-based miRNAs as early detection biomarkers for pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis up to now. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12132. [PMID: 30170450 PMCID: PMC6392607 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal disease, however current screening methods unable to achieve early diagnosis. Blood-based microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising molecular biomarkers for detecting PC. This meta-analysis summaries studies identifying serum- or plasma-based miRNAs dysregulated in PC patients compared to non-PC cases to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy for characterizing PC. METHODS A systematically reviews and meta-analysis of published studies was conducted to compare the serum or plasma miRNAs expressions between PC patients and non-PC cases. Summary estimates for sensitivity, specificity, along with other measures of accuracy of miRNAs in the diagnosis of PC were pooled using the random-effects model. I and Q tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of included studies. The Spearman test was used to analyze the threshold effect. RESULTS Twenty-seven eligible studies were identified after electronic search and literature selection. For single miRNA dysregulation, 32 miRNAs were found to be upregulated in PC patients, and 5 miRNAs were downregulated. Four studies identified a 2-miRNA panel, and 10 studies identified a panel consisting of 3 or more miRNAs which were used to detect PC patients. Additionally, 8 studies combined miRNA panels and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) to diagnose PC. The pooled sensitivities for these 4 groups were 0.77 to 0.85, and specificities were 0.70 to 0.87. The highest area under the curve (AUC), 0.9308, was identified using 2 miRNA panels with sensitivity and specificity of 0.79 (0.74-0.83) and 0.85 (0.81-0.89), respectively. There was great heterogeneity of these 4 miRNA groups. Results of Spearman test revealed that there existed a threshold effect on single miRNA group (r=-0.437, P=.001), and none of the other groups (P all>.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum- or plasma-based miRNAs are capable of distinguishing PC from non-PC with relatively high sensitivity and specificity. In future, miRNAs may be used as promising diagnostic biomarkers for detection of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kunhou Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan Province, China
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38
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Eyff TF, Bosi HR, Toni MS, Zilio MB, Corso CO, Bersch VP, Osvaldt AB. THE ROLE OF IMMUNOINFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN THE PROGNOSIS AND RESECTABILITY OF PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA. ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA : ABCD = BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY 2018; 31:e1366. [PMID: 29972394 PMCID: PMC6044203 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020180001e1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma has a high mortality rate. A prognostic tool is essential for a better risk stratification. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and adaptations and the platelet/lymphocyte ratio seem promising for this purpose. AIM Evaluate the prognostic value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, derived neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio, analyze the ideal cutoff values and investigate their utility in predicting resectability. METHODS Data were collected of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre between 2003 and 2013. The studied ratios were determined by blood count collected at hospital admission and after two cycles of palliative chemotherapy. RESULTS Basal neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, derived neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio did not have prognostic impact in survival (p=0.394, p=0.152, p=0.177 respectively). In subgroup analysis of patients submitted to palliative chemotherapy, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, derived neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio determined after two cycles of chemotherapy were prognostic for overall survival (p=0.003, p=0.009, p=0.001 respectively). The ideal cutoff values found were 4,11 for neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (sensitivity 83%, specificity 75%), 2,8 for derived neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (sensitivity 87%, specificity 62,5%) and 362 for platelet/lymphocyte ratio (sensitivity 91%, specificity 62,5%), Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, derived neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio were not able to predict resectability (p=0.88; p=0.99; p=0.64 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, derived neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio are useful as prognostic markers of overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma submitted to palliative chemotherapy. Its use as resectability predictor could not be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Falcão Eyff
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Cirúrgicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Serviço de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre)
- Grupo do Pâncreas, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Rasia Bosi
- Serviço de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre)
| | - Mariana Sandrin Toni
- Serviço de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre)
| | - Mariana Blanck Zilio
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Cirúrgicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Serviço de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre)
- Grupo do Pâncreas, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Otavio Corso
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Cirúrgicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Serviço de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre)
| | - Vivian Pierri Bersch
- Serviço de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre)
- Grupo do Pâncreas, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Bersch Osvaldt
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Cirúrgicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Serviço de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre)
- Grupo do Pâncreas, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Li X, Gao P, Wang Y, Wang X. Blood-Derived microRNAs for Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis: A Narrative Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:685. [PMID: 29922178 PMCID: PMC5996199 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be aberrantly expressed in patients with pancreatic cancer. In present review we explored the biological roles of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer and their clinical value in diagnosis. In the systematic review, the potential value of miRNAs as biomarkers was investigated by reviewing the altered miRNA profiles reported in pancreatic cancer patients in 356 included studies. In the subsequent meta-analysis, we included 17 studies in early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer with a panel of altered miRNAs. The following results were obtained: pooled sensitivity of 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–0.92), pooled specificity of 0.83 (95%CI 0.77–0.88), diagnostic odds ratio of 27 (95%CI 14–53), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90 (95%CI 0.88–0.93). To further explore the value of a single miRNA, the diagnostic value of miR-21 in PA was also demonstrated by the pooled sensitivity (0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.94), specificity (0.72, 95% CI: 0.57-0.83) as well as AUC (0.91 (95%CI 0.88–0.93). In conclusion, our findings suggest that aberrant miRNA expression in blood play an essential role in pancreatic cancer, and meta-analysis revealed blood-derived miRNAs as probable biomarkers for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Echocardiography, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pujun Gao
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaocong Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Echocardiography, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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40
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Kupcinskas J. Small Molecules in Rare Tumors: Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in GIST. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E397. [PMID: 29385688 PMCID: PMC5855619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of gastrointestinal tract. GISTs have very different clinical phenotypes and underlying molecular characteristics that are not yet completely understood. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to participate in carcinogenesis pathways through post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in different tumors. Over the last years emerging evidence has highlighted the role of miRNAs in GISTs. This review provides an overview of original research papers that analyze miRNA deregulation patterns, functional role, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic implications in GIST as well as provides directions for further research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juozas Kupcinskas
- Institute for Digestive Research, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 2, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 2, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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41
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Rapado-González Ó, Majem B, Muinelo-Romay L, Álvarez-Castro A, Santamaría A, Gil-Moreno A, López-López R, Suárez-Cunqueiro MM. Human salivary microRNAs in Cancer. J Cancer 2018; 9:638-649. [PMID: 29556321 PMCID: PMC5858485 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as excellent candidates for cancer biomarkers. Several recent studies have highlighted the potential use of saliva for the identification of miRNAs as novel biomarkers, which represents a great opportunity to improve diagnosis and monitor general health and disease. This review summarises the mechanisms of miRNAs deregulation in cancer, the value of targeting them with a therapeutic intention and the evidence of the potential clinical use of miRNAs expressed in saliva for the detection of different cancer types. We also provide a comprehensive review of the different methods for normalising the levels of specific miRNAs present in saliva, as this is a critical step in their analysis, and the challenge to validate salivary miRNAs as a reality to manage cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Rapado-González
- Department of Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Blanca Majem
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Álvarez-Castro
- Medical Digestive Service, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anna Santamaría
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Gil-Moreno
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Gynecology Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael López-López
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro
- Department of Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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42
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Keane MG, Shah A, Pereira SP, Joshi D. Novel biomarkers and endoscopic techniques for diagnosing pancreaticobiliary malignancy. F1000Res 2017; 6:1643. [PMID: 28944047 PMCID: PMC5585877 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11371.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The UK incidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is 9 per 100,000 population, and biliary tract cancer occurs at a rate of 1–2 per 100,000. The incidence of both cancers is increasing annually and these tumours continue to be diagnosed late and at an advanced stage, limiting options for curative treatment. Population-based screening programmes do not exist for these cancers, and diagnosis currently is dependent on symptom recognition, but often symptoms are not present until the disease is advanced. Recently, a number of promising blood and urine biomarkers have been described for pancreaticobiliary malignancy and are summarised in this review. Novel endoscopic techniques such as single-operator cholangioscopy and confocal endomicroscopy have been used in some centres to enhance standard endoscopic diagnostic techniques and are also evaluated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amar Shah
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Stephen P Pereira
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - Deepak Joshi
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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43
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Castañeda AD, Brenes NJ, Kondajji A, Crooks RM. Detection of microRNA by Electrocatalytic Amplification: A General Approach for Single-Particle Biosensing. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7657-7664. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alma D. Castañeda
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Electrochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Brenes
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Electrochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Aditya Kondajji
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Electrochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Richard M. Crooks
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Electrochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
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Liang T, Hu XY, Li YH, Tian BQ, Li ZW, Fu Q. MicroRNA-21 Regulates the Proliferation, Differentiation, and Apoptosis of Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells by the mTOR-STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Oncol Res 2017; 24:371-380. [PMID: 27712594 PMCID: PMC7838634 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14685034103356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miRNA-21), a kind of short, noncoding RNAs, functioned as a tumor marker and was upregulated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the underlying mechanisms of miRNA-21 in RCC were uncertain. Therefore, the effects and mechanisms of miRNA-21 on the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of cultured human RCC cells were further investigated in this study. After slicing miRNA-21 in RCC cells, the viability, mRNA expression of C/EBPα and PPARγ, caspase 3 activity, and protein expression of mTOR, STAT3, and pSTAT3 were determined. It was found that knockdown of miRNA-21 downregulated the optical density (OD) value of cells, inhibited mRNA expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα, and enhanced activity of caspase 3. Furthermore, protein expression of pSTAT3 was also decreased in the absence of miRNA-21. Notably, miRNA-21-changed proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of human RCC cells were partially regulated following the block of the mTOR-STAT3 signaling pathway by the mTOR inhibitor (XL388). It was indicated that miRNA-21 promoted proliferation and differentiation and decreased apoptosis of human RCC cells through the activation of the mTOR-STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
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miR-34a inhibits pancreatic cancer progression through Snail1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the Notch signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:38232. [PMID: 28145431 PMCID: PMC5286431 DOI: 10.1038/srep38232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Notch signaling are important for the growth and invasion of pancreatic cancer, which is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. miR-34a has been shown to play pivotal roles in the progression of several types of cancer. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of miR-34a in pancreatic cancer processes. The aim of this study was to determine whether miR-34a has negative effects on pancreatic cancer and whether these effects are related to EMT and Notch signaling. In vitro, we demonstrated that miR-34a inhibited, while miR-34a inhibitors enhanced, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC-1 and SW-1990).These effects were reversed by Snail1 overexpression or Snail1 shRNA. Furthermore, the anti-apoptotic effects of the miR-34a inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells were abrogated by Notch1 shRNA. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that the Snail1 and Notch1 genes were direct targets of miR-34a. In vivo, we also demonstrated that miR-34a inhibited pancreatic cancer growth by decreasing Snail1 and Notch1 expression. Therefore, our results indicate that miR-34a inhibits pancreatic cancer progression by post-transcriptionally regulating Snail1 and Notch1 expression.
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Abstract
Studies have shown that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is one of the most important factors to promote hepatic fibrosis (HF), and the TGF-β/Smad pathway is a major signaling pathway involved in HF. Abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has a key role in the development of HF. In recent years, studies suggest that regulating miRNAs may affect the TGF-β/Smad pathway. This paper discusses the TGF-β/Smad pathway and the related miRNAs that are associated with HF.
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47
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Sun B, Liu X, Gao Y, Li L, Dong Z. Downregulation of miR-124 predicts poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients. Br J Biomed Sci 2016; 73:152-157. [DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2016.1220706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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48
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Recent progress toward the use of circulating microRNAs as clinical biomarkers. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:2959-2978. [PMID: 27585665 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1828-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be critical mediators of many cellular and developmental processes and have been implicated in different human diseases. Since the observation of extracellular miRNAs present in various biofluids, much attention and excitement have been garnered toward understanding the functional roles of these circulating extracellular miRNAs and establishing their potential use as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we will review the current state of miRNA biomarkers for many human diseases, including their emerging use in toxicological applications, and discuss the current challenges in the field, with an emphasis on technical issues that often hinder discovery-based miRNA biomarker studies.
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49
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Long LM, Zhan JK, Wang HQ, Li S, Chen YY, Liu YS. The Clinical Significance of miR-34a in Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma and Associated Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms. Pathobiology 2016; 84:38-48. [PMID: 27458977 DOI: 10.1159/000447302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. This study was to identify the biomarkers associated with the progression, poor prognosis and chemoresistance of PDAC. METHODS miR-34a and miR-150 levels in the plasma and tissues from PDAC patients were measured by real-time PCR. Xenograft PDAC tumor models were established in mice by inoculation of CD133+ stem cells isolated from PDAC tumors. Protein expression was measured by Western blot. RESULTS The plasma miR-34a and miR-150 levels were significantly lower in PDAC patients than in patients with benign pancreatic lesions and in healthy subjects. The miR-34a and miR-150 levels in the tumor tissues were significantly lower than in pancreatic tissues with benign lesions. The protein levels of CD133, Notch1, Notch2 and Notch4 receptors in PDAC tumor tissues were significantly higher than in pancreatic tissues with benign lesions. miR-34a injection significantly inhibited the tumor growth of PDAC tumors and sensitized the anticancer effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). miR-34a significantly inhibited Notch1, Notch2 and Notch4 expression in xenograft tumor tissues in vivo and BxPC-3 cells in vitro. miR-34a and miR-150 significantly induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, invasion and migration in BxPC-3 cells. miR-34a, but not miR-150, significantly sensitized the anticancer effect of 5-FU in BxPC-3 cells in vitro. CONCLUSION A loss of expression of miR-34a, but not of miR-150, is associated with disease progression and poor prognosis in PDAC patients, and may be involved in the chemoresistance of PDAC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Long
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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Alemar B, Gregório C, Ashton-Prolla P. miRNAs As Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Precursor Lesions: A Review. Biomark Insights 2015; 10:113-24. [PMID: 26688661 PMCID: PMC4677802 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s27679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a rare but lethal tumor, is difficult to diagnose without performing an invasive procedure. miRNAs are known to be deregulated in PDAC patients, and recent studies have shown that they can be used as diagnostic and prognostic of the disease. The detection of miRNAs in samples acquired through minimally or noninvasive procedures, such as serum, plasma, and saliva, can have a positive impact on the clinical management of these patients. This article is a comprehensive review of the major studies that have evaluated the expression of miRNAs as biomarkers in pancreatic cancer and its premalignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Alemar
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cleandra Gregório
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Patricia Ashton-Prolla
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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