1
|
Zheng H, Li M, Wu L, Liu W, Liu Y, Gao J, Lu Z. Progress in the application of hydrogels in immunotherapy of gastrointestinal tumors. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2161670. [PMID: 36587630 PMCID: PMC9809389 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2161670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tumors are the most common cancers with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Surgery accompanied by chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy remains the first option for gastrointestinal tumors. However, poor specificity for tumor cells of these postoperative treatments often leads to severe side effects and poor prognosis. Tumor immunotherapy, including checkpoint blockade and tumor vaccines, has developed rapidly in recent years, showing good curative effects and minimal side effects in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend tumor immunotherapy as part of the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. However, the heterogeneity of tumor cells, complicacy of the tumor microenvironment and poor tumor immunogenicity hamper the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy. Hydrogels, defined as three-dimensional, hydrophilic, and water-insoluble polymeric networks, could significantly improve the overall response rate of immunotherapy due to their superior drug loading efficacy, controlled release and drug codelivery ability. In this article, we briefly describe the research progress made in recent years on hydrogel delivery systems in immunotherapy for gastrointestinal tumors and discuss the potential future application prospects and challenges to provide a reference for the clinical application of hydrogels in tumor immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenshang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,Jie Gao Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Zhengmao Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,CONTACT Zhengmao Lu Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hou J, Guo P, Lu Y, Jin X, Liang K, Zhao N, Xue S, Zhou C, Wang G, Zhu X, Hong H, Chen Y, Lu H, Wang W, Xu C, Han Y, Cai S, Liu Y. A prognostic 15-gene model based on differentially expressed genes among metabolic subtypes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1610819. [PMID: 36816541 PMCID: PMC9931744 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1610819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The outcomes of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) vary widely, and about 40% of them could not be cured by the standard first-line treatment, R-CHOP, which could be due to the high heterogeneity of DLBCL. Here, we aim to construct a prognostic model based on the genetic signature of metabolic heterogeneity of DLBCL to explore therapeutic strategies for DLBCL patients. Clinical and transcriptomic data of one training and four validation cohorts of DLBCL were obtained from the GEO database. Metabolic subtypes were identified by PAM clustering of 1,916 metabolic genes in the 7 major metabolic pathways in the training cohort. DEGs among the metabolic clusters were then analyzed. In total, 108 prognosis-related DEGs were identified. Through univariable Cox and LASSO regression analyses, 15 DEGs were used to construct a risk score model. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with high risk were significantly worse than those with low risk (OS: HR 2.86, 95%CI 2.04-4.01, p < 0.001; PFS: HR 2.42, 95% CI 1.77-3.31, p < 0.001). This model was also associated with OS in the four independent validation datasets (GSE10846: HR 1.65, p = 0.002; GSE53786: HR 2.05, p = 0.02; GSE87371: HR 1.85, p = 0.027; GSE23051: HR 6.16, p = 0.007) and PFS in the two validation datasets (GSE87371: HR 1.67, p = 0.033; GSE23051: HR 2.74, p = 0.049). Multivariable Cox analysis showed that in all datasets, the risk model could predict OS independent of clinical prognosis factors (p < 0.05). Compared with the high-risk group, patients in the low-risk group predictively respond to R-CHOP (p = 0.0042), PI3K inhibitor (p < 0.05), and proteasome inhibitor (p < 0.05). Therefore, in this study, we developed a signature model of 15 DEGs among 3 metabolic subtypes, which could predict survival and drug sensitivity in DLBCL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hou
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujiao Lu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ke Liang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunxu Xue
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengmin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Xin Zhu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huangming Hong
- Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yungchang Chen
- Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Huafei Lu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxian Wang
- Department of Clinical Trial, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunwei Xu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yang Liu, ,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Szlasa W, Janicka N, Sauer N, Michel O, Nowak B, Saczko J, Kulbacka J. Chemotherapy and Physical Therapeutics Modulate Antigens on Cancer Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:889950. [PMID: 35874714 PMCID: PMC9299262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.889950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells possess specific properties, such as multidrug resistance or unlimited proliferation potential, due to the presence of specific proteins on their cell membranes. The release of proliferation-related proteins from the membrane can evoke a loss of adaptive ability in cancer cells and thus enhance the effects of anticancer therapy. The upregulation of cancer-specific membrane antigens results in a better outcome of immunotherapy. Moreover, cytotoxic T-cells may also become more effective when stimulated ex-vivo toward the anticancer response. Therefore, the modulation of membrane proteins may serve as an interesting attempt in anticancer therapy. The presence of membrane antigens relies on various physical factors such as temperature, exposure to radiation, or drugs. Therefore, changing the tumor microenvironment conditions may lead to cancer cells becoming sensitized to subsequent therapy. This paper focuses on the therapeutic approaches modulating membrane antigens and enzymes in anticancer therapy. It aims to analyze the possible methods for modulating the antigens, such as pharmacological treatment, electric field treatment, photodynamic reaction, treatment with magnetic field or X-ray radiation. Besides, an overview of the effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on the immunophenotype of cancer cells is presented. Finally, the authors review the clinical trials that involved the modulation of cell immunophenotype in anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Janicka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Sauer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Olga Michel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bernadetta Nowak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen W, Liang W, He Y, Liu C, Chen H, Lv P, Yao Y, Zhou H. Immune microenvironment-related gene mapping predicts immunochemotherapy response and prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Med Oncol 2022; 39:44. [PMID: 35092504 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01642-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The R-CHOP immunochemotherapy regimen is the first-line treatment option for DLBCL patients and has greatly improved the prognosis of DLBCL, making it a curable disease. However, drug resistance or relapse is the main challenge for current DLBCL treatment. Studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the onset, development, and responsiveness to drugs in DLBCL. Here, we used the CIBERSORT algorithm to resolve the composition of the immune microenvironment of 471 DLBCL patients from the GEO database. We found that activated memory CD4+ T cells and γδ T cells were significantly associated with immunochemotherapy response. Weighted gene co-expression networks (WGCNA) were constructed using differentially expressed genes from immunochemotherapy responders and non-responders. The module most associated with these two types of T cells was defined as hub module. Enrichment analysis of the hub module showed that baseline immune status was significantly stronger in responders than in non-responders. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed for hub module to identify hub genes. After survival analysis, five prognosis-related genes (CD3G, CD3D, GNB4, FCHO2, GPR183) were identified and all these genes were significantly negatively associated with PD1. Using our own patient cohort, we validated the efficacy of CD3G and CD3D in predicting immunochemotherapy response. Our study showed that CD3G, CD3D, GNB4, FCHO2, and GPR183 are involved in the regulation of the immune microenvironment of DLBCL. They can be used as biomarkers for predicting immunochemotherapy response and potential therapeutic targets in DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Weijie Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chixiang Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hongtian Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Piao Lv
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Huayou Zhou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang F, Zhang J, Zhao L, Zhai M, Zhang T, Yu D. A PD-L1 Negative Advanced Gastric Cancer Patient With a Long Response to PD-1 Blockade After Failure of Systematic Treatment: A Case Report. Front Immunol 2021; 12:759250. [PMID: 34950137 PMCID: PMC8688253 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.759250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It was widely accepted that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive, tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) tumor are prone to have better treatment response to immune checkpoint blockade. The value of immune checkpoint blockade in PD-L1 negative gastric cancer patients has been questioned due to lower objective response rate (ORR). Case Presentation We report an unusual case of a PD-L1 negative, proficient mismatch repair (pMMR)/microsatellite stability (MSS), tumor mutational burden-low (TMB-L) gastric cancer patient who achieved good response to immune checkpoint blockade after failure of systematic treatment. Multiple lymph nodes and bone metastases are the main characteristics of this patient. The patient survived for more than 30 months after diagnosis. Conclusions This case suggested that PD-L1 negative gastric cancer patient may also benefit from immune checkpoint blockade. In gastric cancer, patients with lymph node metastasis may be potential beneficiaries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jieying Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglan Zhai
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zeng Z, Liu Y, Wen Q, Li Y, Yu J, Xu Q, Wan W, He Y, Ma C, Huang Y, Yang H, Jiang O, Li F. Experimental study on preparation and anti-tumor efficiency of nanoparticles targeting M2 macrophages. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:943-956. [PMID: 33988472 PMCID: PMC8128207 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1921076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an effective therapy against M2 macrophages and to investigate the effects of imidazole and mannose modified carboxymethyl chitosan-nanoparticles (MIC-NPs) on tumor growth and antitumor immune responses. MIC-NPs were constructed and analyzed through 1H NMR, nano-laser particle size analyzer, and transmission electron microscopy. The nanoparticles were mainly distributed in 75–85 nm, and zeta potential was 1.5 mV. Cytotoxicity studies in vitro and in vivo indicated that MIC-NPs were safe. The targeting effect of MIC-NPs on M2 macrophages was observed through fluorescence microscope and microplate system. The results demonstrated the uptake of a large amount of FITC-loaded MIC-NPs by M2. Cell growth inhibition experiments showed that MIC-NPs significantly inhibited M2 through cell apoptosis. The evaluation of anti-tumor activity in vivo showed that MIC-NPs could accumulate in the tumor site to exert an anti-tumor effect. Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of M2 macrophages at the tumor site in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, while the Treg cells and cytotoxic T cells (CTL) were found to be increased. PCR detection showed that the cDNA of FIZZ, MR, TGF-β, and arginase, closely related to M2 macrophages, in the experimental group, was significantly lower than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference in the cDNA of Treg cell characteristic Foxp3 between the two groups. These results suggest that MIC-NPs are expected to provide a new and effective treatment for tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yixian Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Wenwu Wan
- Clinical Medical College of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Helin Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Ou Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Fuyu Li
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bagherifar R, Kiaie SH, Hatami Z, Ahmadi A, Sadeghnejad A, Baradaran B, Jafari R, Javadzadeh Y. Nanoparticle-mediated synergistic chemoimmunotherapy for tailoring cancer therapy: recent advances and perspectives. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:110. [PMID: 33865432 PMCID: PMC8052859 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, a potent challenge in cancer treatment is considered the lack of efficacious strategy, which has not been able to significantly reduce mortality. Chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) as a promising approach in both for the first-line and relapsed therapy demonstrated particular benefit from two key gating strategies, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy to cancer therapy; therefore, the discernment of their participation and role of potential synergies in CIT approach is determinant. In this study, in addition to balancing the pros and cons of CIT with the challenges of each of two main strategies, the recent advances in the cancer CIT have been discussed. Additionally, immunotherapeutic strategies and the immunomodulation effect induced by chemotherapy, which boosts CIT have been brought up. Finally, harnessing and development of the nanoparticles, which mediated CIT have expatiated in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafieh Bagherifar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Kiaie
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra Hatami
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Shafa St, Ershad Blvd., P.O. BoX: 1138, 57147, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Immunology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Yousef Javadzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, 5166-15731, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Merino M, Lozano T, Casares N, Lana H, Troconiz IF, Ten Hagen TLM, Kochan G, Berraondo P, Zalba S, Garrido MJ. Dual activity of PD-L1 targeted Doxorubicin immunoliposomes promoted an enhanced efficacy of the antitumor immune response in melanoma murine model. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:102. [PMID: 33849551 PMCID: PMC8042980 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00846-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunomodulation of the antitumor response driven by immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as PD-L1 (Programmed Death Ligand-1) monoclonal antibody (α-PD-L1) have shown relevant clinical outcomes in a subset of patients. This fact has led to the search for rational combinations with other therapeutic agents such as Doxorubicin (Dox), which cytotoxicity involves an immune activation that may enhance ICI response. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the combination of chemotherapy and ICI by developing Dox Immunoliposomes functionalized with monovalent-variable fragments (Fab') of α-PD-L1. RESULTS Immunoliposomes were assayed in vitro and in vivo in a B16 OVA melanoma murine cell line over-expressing PD-L1. Here, immune system activation in tumor, spleen and lymph nodes, together with the antitumor efficacy were evaluated. Results showed that immunoliposomes bound specifically to PD-L1+ cells, yielding higher cell interaction and Dox internalization, and decreasing up to 30-fold the IC50, compared to conventional liposomes. This mechanism supported a higher in vivo response. Indeed, immunoliposomes promoted full tumor regression in 20% of mice and increased in 1 month the survival rate. This formulation was the only treatment able to induce significant (p < 0.01) increase of activated tumor specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes at the tumor site. CONCLUSION PD-L1 targeted liposomes encapsulating Dox have proved to be a rational combination able to enhance the modulation of the immune system by blocking PD-L1 and selectively internalizing Dox, thus successfully providing a dual activity offered by both, chemo and immune therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Merino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Teresa Lozano
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Noelia Casares
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Hugo Lana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Iñaki F Troconiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Grazyna Kochan
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Navarrabiomed-Biomedical Research Centre, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CIMA-Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Zalba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. .,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - María J Garrido
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. .,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu M, Liu S, Yang L, Wang S. Comparison between nab-paclitaxel and solvent-based taxanes as neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:118. [PMID: 33541289 PMCID: PMC7863369 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07831-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) and solvent-based taxanes (sb-taxanes) as neoadjuvant therapy in the treatment of breast cancer. Methods We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies, published in English, about the comparison between nab-paclitaxel and sb-taxanes as neoadjuvant therapy in patients with breast cancer were searched up to September 2019. Results The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with pathological complete response (pCR, defined as ypT0 ypN0 or ypT0/is ypN0). Other main outcomes included long-term survival and adverse events (AEs). Seven studies (five RCTs and two cohorts) and 2949 patients were included. Neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel improved pCR compared with sb-taxanes (ypT0 ypN0: OR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.27–1.83, P < 0.001; ypT0/is ypN0: OR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.17–1.68, P < 0.001). The benefits of nab-paclitaxel on pCR were persistent in HER2-negative, hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer (OR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.07–2.19, P = 0.020), triple-negative breast cancer (weekly/every 2 weeks regimen; OR = 2.95, 95%CI: 1.54–5.67, P < 0.001), and tumors with Ki-67 > 20% (OR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.26–2.12, P < 0.001). Patients treated with nab-paclitaxel had better event-free survival (EFS; HR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.57–0.85, P < 0.001) than with sb-taxanes. There were no differences in most of grade > 3 AEs between nab-paclitaxel and sb-taxanes (all P > 0.05), besides of any grade hypersensitivity (OR = 0.29, 95%CI: 0.11–0.72, P = 0.008), any grade (OR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.37–3.23, P = 0.001) and grade > 3 (OR = 4.01, 95%CI: 2.51–6.41, P < 0.001) neuropathy. Conclusion Nab-paclitaxel is effective for the treatment of non-metastatic breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting. Nab-paclitaxel could improve pCR rate and EFS compared with sb-taxanes and with reasonable toxicities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07831-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siyao Liu
- Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Breast Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Malinzi J, Basita KB, Padidar S, Adeola HA. Prospect for application of mathematical models in combination cancer treatments. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
|
11
|
Adjuvant Antitumor Immunity Contributes to the Overall Antitumor Effect of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (Doxil ®) in C26 Tumor-Bearing Immunocompetent Mice. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100990. [PMID: 33086690 PMCID: PMC7589973 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DXR) has been reported to have direct cytotoxicity against cancer cells and indirect immunotoxicity by modulation of host antitumor immunity. Hence, it may prevent cancer progression by a dual mechanism. Doxil®, a formulation of DXR encapsulated in polyethylene glycol modified (PEGylated) liposomes, is the most widely used of the clinically approved liposomal anticancer drugs. However, the effect of Doxil® on host antitumor immunity is not well understood. In this study, Doxil® efficiently suppressed tumor growth in immunocompetent mice bearing C26 murine colorectal carcinomas, but not in T cell-deficient nude mice, indicating a contribution of T cells to the overall antitumor effect of Doxil®. In immunocompetent mice, Doxil® increased major histocompatibility complex (MHC-1) levels in C26 tumors, which may be an indicator of increased immunogenicity of tumor cells, and potentially amplified tumor immunogenicity by decreasing immunosuppressive cells such as regulatory T cells, tumor-associated microphages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells that collectively suppress T cell-mediated antitumor responses. This suggests that encapsulation of DXR into PEGylated liposomes increased the therapeutic efficacy of DXR though effects on host antitumor immunogenicity in addition to direct cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. This report describes the role of host antitumor immunity in the overall therapeutic effects of Doxil®. Manipulating pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of chemotherapeutic agents with immunomodulatory properties may increase their therapeutic efficacies by amplifying host antitumor immunity in addition to direct cytotoxic effects on tumor cells.
Collapse
|
12
|
Rafoxanide Induces Immunogenic Death of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051314. [PMID: 32455811 PMCID: PMC7281008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death in the world. Emerging evidence suggests that the clinical success of conventional chemotherapy does not merely rely on cell toxicity, but also results from the restoration of tumor immune surveillance. Anti-tumor immune response can be primed by immunogenic cell death (ICD), a form of apoptosis associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induction and the expression/release of specific damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Unfortunately, a limited number of ICD inducers have been identified so far. The anti-helmintic drug rafoxanide has recently showed anti-tumor activity in different cancer types, including CRC. As such latter effects relied on ERS activation, we here investigated whether rafoxanide could promote ICD of CRC cells. The potential of rafoxanide to induce ICD-related DAMPs in both human and mouse CRC cells was assessed by flow-cytometry, chemiluminescent assay and ELISA. In addition, the immunogenic potential of rafoxanide was assessed in vivo using a vaccination assay. Rafoxanide induced all the main DAMPs (ecto-calreticulin exposure, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)/high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release) required for ICD. We observed a marked increase of tumor-free survival among immunocompetent mice immunized with rafoxanide-treated dying tumor cells as compared with sham. Altogether, our data indicate rafoxanide as a bona fide ICD inducer.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu J, Guo Q, Zhang G, Zhao L, Lv Y, Wang J, Liu J, Shi W. Study on the targeted therapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma with a plasmid expressing PE38KDEL toxin under control of the SERPINB3 promoter. Cancer Med 2020; 9:2213-2222. [PMID: 32017381 PMCID: PMC7064090 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a poor prognosis and a high risk of recurrence. To improve the efficacy of OSCC therapy, it is of great significance to explore gene therapy for OSCC. The use of specific genes to regulate the targeted expression of suicide genes is a hot topic in gene therapy for cancer. The SERPINB3 gene is highly active in squamous cell carcinoma, but nearly undetectable or present at a low level in normal tissues. This specificity suggests that the SERPINB3 promoter can be used for targeted OSCC therapy. Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes PE38KDEL, an exotoxin derivative, as a suicide gene used in gene therapy. A SERPINB3 promoter-mediated PE38KDEL expression vector was created. The SERPINB3 gene expression was tested in different cell lines by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, and the SERPINB3 promoter activity was detected by luciferase assay. The SERPINB3 promoter was more active in the TCA8113 cell line than in the other cell lines. The target therapeutic potential of the toxin vector pSERPINB3-PE38KDEL was tested in the SERPINB3-positive TCA8113 cell line, the SERPINB3-negative MG63 cell line, and normal L02 cell line. The SERPINB3 gene was expressed at a high level in TCA8113 cells but a low level in MG63 and L02 cells. Transfection of the pSERPINB3-PE38KDEL plasmid effectively inhibited the proliferation and invasion of TCA8113 cells and induced cell apoptosis, but no significant damage to MG63 and L02 cells was observed. The results of in vitro experiments indicated that the pSERPINB3-PE38KDEL plasmid could be a promising strategy for targeted OSCC gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wu
- School of StomatologyJiamusi UniversityJiamusiP.R. China
| | - Qiong Guo
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology & Engineeringthe Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchunP.R. China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- School of StomatologyJiamusi UniversityJiamusiP.R. China
| | - Liying Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology & Engineeringthe Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchunP.R. China
| | - Yvguang Lv
- College of PharmacyJiamusi UniversityJiamusiP.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of StomatologyJiamusi UniversityJiamusiP.R. China
| | - Jiguang Liu
- School of StomatologyJiamusi UniversityJiamusiP.R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology & Engineeringthe Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchunP.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Navashenaq JG, Zamani P, Nikpoor AR, Tavakkol-Afshari J, Jaafari MR. Doxil chemotherapy plus liposomal P5 immunotherapy decreased myeloid-derived suppressor cells in murine model of breast cancer. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 24:102150. [PMID: 31931230 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a pivotal role in cancer. To overcome the problem of the MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment in this study, a combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy was used. For this purpose, a liposomal formulation of P5 peptide and PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil®) was utilized to treat mice bearing HER2+ tumor model. The results revealed that Doxil® administration before immunotherapy had not only reduced the population and functions of the MDSCs in the spleen (P < 0.001) and the tumor microenvironment (P < 0.05) but had also supported further immunotherapy including enhanced CD4+ (P < 0.01) and CD8+ lymphocyte (P < 0.001) population and IFN-γ production (P < 0.001). This effect was also more pronounced with a liposomal P5 and Doxil® compared with free peptide and doxorubicin. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that Doxil® plus liposomal P5 could have a decreasing effect on MDSCs and tumor growth, and it could be beneficial in breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Gholizadeh Navashenaq
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parvin Zamani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Reza Nikpoor
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nejad MA, Urbassek HM. Functionalized silica surfaces as carriers for monoclonal antibodies in targeted drug delivery systems: Accelerated molecular dynamics study. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
Wan D, Yang Y, Liu Y, Cun X, Li M, Xu S, Zhao W, Xiang Y, Qiu Y, Yu Q, Tang X, Zhang Z, He Q. Sequential depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor cells with a dual-pH-sensitive conjugated micelle system for cancer chemoimmunotherapy. J Control Release 2019; 317:43-56. [PMID: 31758970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)are one of the most important immunosuppressive cells in tumor microenvironment, which also promote the development and progression of tumor cells. Nevertheless, due to the different distribution features of MDSCs and tumor cells, selective elimination of MDSCs and tumor cells in tumor microenvironment remain a great challenge. Here we have designed a dual-pH-sensitivity conjugated micelle system (PAH/RGX-104@PDM/PTX) that could deliver liver-X nuclear receptor (LXR) agonist RGX-104 and paclitaxel (PTX) to the perivascular region and tumor cells, respectively. Upon arrival at the acidic tumor microenvironment, the PAH/RGX-104@PDM/PTX undergo structure disintegration and capacitate coinstantaneous release of RGX-104 in the perivascular regions, leaving the intact PTX containing micelles PDM/PTX for tumor deep penetration. The released RGX-104 can be preferentially taken up by leukocytes, endothelial cells and macrophages which are nicely enriched in perivascular regions to active the LXR, and further reduces immunosuppressive MDSC levels. The remained small micelles carrying PTX enable deep tumor penetration as well as rapid specific drug release in the endosomal/lysosomal to kill tumor cells. PAH/RGX-104@PDM/PTX exhibits superior tumor accumulation as well as tumor penetration, and suppresses 74.88% in vivo tumor growth. More importantly, PAH/RGX-104@PDM/PTX has significantly alleviated tumor immunosuppression by eliminating MDSCs and increasing cytotoxic T lymphocytes infiltration. Our studies suggest that the dual-pH-sensitive codelivery nanocarrier not only cause apoptosis of cancer cells but also regulate the tumor immune environment to ultimately enhance the antitumor effect of CTLs through MDSCs depletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yiliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingli Cun
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yangyang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Qianwen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Xian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Effects of Influenza Derived Peptide on CD8 T Cell Responses to MHC Class I-Restricted Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT)-Derived Peptide. Int J Pept Res Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
18
|
Kim J, Manspeaker MP, Thomas SN. Augmenting the synergies of chemotherapy and immunotherapy through drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2019; 88:1-14. [PMID: 30769136 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent approvals of multiple cancer immunotherapies, low tumor immunogenicity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments prevent a large portion of patients from responding to these treatment modalities. Given the immunomodulatory and adjuvant effects of conventional chemotherapy as well as its widespread clinical use, the use of chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy (so-called chemoimmunotherapy) is an attractive approach to potentiate the effects of immunotherapy in more patient populations. However, due to the limited extent of tumor accumulation, poorly controlled interactions with the immune system, and effects on systemic healthy tissues by chemotherapeutic drugs, the incorporation of anti-cancer agents into biomaterial-based structures, such as nanocarriers, is highly attractive to improve the safety and efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy. Herein, we review the recent progress in drug delivery systems (DDSs) for potentiating the immunomodulatory effects of chemotherapeutics in chemoimmunotherapy, which represent among the most promising next generation strategies for cancer treatment in the immunotherapy era. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Given the benefits of cancer immunotherapy in inducing durable, albeit low rates, of patient response, interest in the immunomodulatory and adjuvant effects of conventional chemotherapy has been re-invigorated. This review article discusses the recent progress towards understanding the synergies between these two treatment types, how they can be used in combination (so-called chemoimmunotherapy), and the potential for drug delivery systems to optimize their effects in translational settings.
Collapse
|
19
|
Maletzki C, Wiegele L, Nassar I, Stenzel J, Junghanss C. Chemo-immunotherapy improves long-term survival in a preclinical model of MMR-D-related cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:8. [PMID: 30630527 PMCID: PMC6329128 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-018-0476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mismatch Repair Deficiency (MMR-D)-related tumors are highly immunogenic and constitute ideal vaccination targets. In a proof-of-concept study delayed tumorigenesis and prolonged survival has been shown in a clinically-relevant mouse model for MMR-D-related diseases (=MLH1 knock out mice). To refine this approach, vaccination was combined with immune modulatory low-dose chemotherapy to polarize immune regulatory subtypes. METHODS Mice (prophylactic: 8-10 weeks; therapeutic: > 36 weeks) received a single injection of cyclophosphamide (CPX, 120 mg/kg bw, i.p.) or gemcitabine (GEM, 100 mg/kg bw, i.p.) prior to vaccination (lysate of a gastrointestinal tumor allograft, 10 mg/kg bw, n = 9 mice/group). The vaccine was given repetitively (10 mg/kg bw, s.c., 4 x / once a week, followed by monthly boosts) until tumor formation or progression. Tumor growth ([18F] FDG PET/CT imaging) and immune responses were monitored (flow cytometry, IFNγ ELISpot). The microenvironment was analyzed by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Prophylactic application of GEM + lysate delayed tumorigenesis compared to lysate monotherapy and CPX-pre-treatment (median time of onset: 53 vs. 47 vs. 48 weeks). 33% of mice even remained tumor-free until the experimental endpoint (= 65 weeks). This was accompanied by long-term effect on cytokine plasma levels; splenic myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) as well as regulatory T cell numbers. Assessment of tumor microenvironment from GEM + lysate treated mice revealed low numbers of MDSCs, but enhanced T cell infiltration, in some cases co-expressing PD-L1. Therapeutic chemo-immunotherapy (GEM + lysate) had minor impact on overall survival (median time: 12 (GEM + lysate) vs. 11.5 (lysate) vs. 3 weeks (control)), but induced complete remission in one case. Dendritic and T cell infiltrates increased in both treatment groups. Reactive T cells specifically recognized MLH1-/- tumor cells in IFNγ ELISpot, but lacked response towards NK cell targets YAC-1. CONCLUSIONS Combined chemo-immunotherapy impairs tumor onset and growth likely attributable to modulation of immune responses. Depleting or 're-educating' immunosuppressive cell types, such as MDSC, may help moving a step closer to combat cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Leonie Wiegele
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingy Nassar
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Stenzel
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69a, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III - Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee DY, Lim KS, Valencia GM, Jung M, Bull DA, Won Y. One-Step Method for Instant Generation of Advanced Allogeneic NK Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800447. [PMID: 30479915 PMCID: PMC6247049 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Conventional combinatorial anticancer therapy has shown promising outcomes; still, a significant interest in developing new methods to reinforce and possibly merge chemotherapy and immunotherapy persists. Here, a new one-step method that immediately modifies immune cells into a targeted form of chemoimmunotherapy through spontaneous and rapid incorporation of hydrophobized antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) on the surface of immune cells is presented. Therapeutic objectives of this approach include targeted delivery of a potent chemotherapeutic agent to avoid adverse effects, enhancing the mobilization of infused immune cells toward tumor sites, and preserving the intense cytotoxic activities of immune cells against tumor cells. The embedding of hydrophobized ADCs on the immune cell membrane using the strategy in this study provides noninvasive, nontoxic, and homogenous modifications that transiently arm immune cells with highly potent cytotoxic drugs targeted toward cancer cells. The resulting surface-engineered immune cells with ADCs significantly suppress the tumor growth and drive the eradication of target cancer cells through combinatorial anticancer effects. This novel strategy allows convenient and timely preparation of advanced chemoimmunotherapy on a single immune cell to treat various types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y. Lee
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT84132USA
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonAZ85724USA
| | - Kwang Suk Lim
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT84132USA
- Department of Biotechnology and BioengineeringInstitute of Forest ScienceKangwon National UniversityChuncheon‐si24341Republic of Korea
| | - Gabriel M. Valencia
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT84132USA
| | - Minjin Jung
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonAZ85724USA
| | - David A. Bull
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT84132USA
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonAZ85724USA
| | - Young‐Wook Won
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT84132USA
- Division of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonAZ85724USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yin Y, Hu Q, Xu C, Qiao Q, Qin X, Song Q, Peng Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Z. Co-delivery of Doxorubicin and Interferon-γ by Thermosensitive Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunochemotherapy. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4161-4172. [PMID: 30011369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A dual-sensitive nanoparticle delivery system was constructed by incorporating an acid sensitive hydrazone linker into thermosensitive nanoparticles (TSNs) for co-encapsulating doxorubicin (DOX) and interferon γ (IFNγ) and to realize the co-delivery of chemotherapy and immunotherapy agents against melanoma. DOX, a chemotherapeutic drug, was conjugated to TSNs by a pH-sensitive chemical bond, and IFNγ, a potent immune-modulator, was absorbed into TSNs through the thermosensitivity and electrostatics of nanoparticles. Consequently, the dual sensitive drug-loaded TSN delivery systems were successfully built and showed an obvious core-shell structure, good encapsulation efficiency of drugs, sustained and sensitive drug release, prolonged circulation time, as well as excellent synergistic antitumor efficiency against B16F10 tumor bearing mice. Moreover, the combinational antitumor immune responses of hydrazone bearing DOX/IFNγ-TSN (hyd) were strengthened by activating Th1-type CD4+ T cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and natural killer cells, downregulating the expression levels of immunosuppressive cytokines, such as IL10 and TGFβ, and upregulating the secretion of IL2 and TNFα. Taken together, the multifunctional TSNs system provides a promising strategy for multiple drugs co-delivery with distinct properties.
Collapse
|
22
|
Li G, Liu D, Kimchi ET, Kaifi JT, Qi X, Manjunath Y, Liu X, Deering T, Avella DM, Fox T, Rockey DC, Schell TD, Kester M, Staveley-O’Carroll KF. Nanoliposome C6-Ceramide Increases the Anti-tumor Immune Response and Slows Growth of Liver Tumors in Mice. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:1024-1036.e9. [PMID: 29408569 PMCID: PMC5908238 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Ceramide, a sphingolipid metabolite, affects T-cell signaling, induces apoptosis of cancer cells, and slows tumor growth in mice. However, it has not been used as a chemotherapeutic agent because of its cell impermeability and precipitation in aqueous solution. We developed a nanoliposome-loaded C6-ceremide (LipC6) to overcome this limitation and investigated its effects in mice with liver tumors. METHODS Immune competent C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal injections of carbon tetrachloride and intra-splenic injections of oncogenic hepatocytes. As a result, tumors resembling human hepatocellular carcinomas developed in a fibrotic liver setting. After tumors formed, mice were given an injection of LipC6 or vehicle via tail vein every other day for 2 weeks. This was followed by administration, also via tail vein, of tumor antigen-specific (TAS) CD8+ T cells isolated from the spleens of line 416 mice, and subsequent immunization by intraperitoneal injection of tumor antigen-expressing B6/WT-19 cells. Tumor growth was monitored with magnetic resonance imaging. Tumor apoptosis, proliferation, and AKT expression were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and immunoblots. Cytokine production, phenotype, and function of TAS CD8+ T cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were studied with flow cytometry, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and ELISA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TAMs and bone marrow-derived macrophages, induced by colony stimulating factor 2 (GMCSF or CSF2) or colony stimulating factor 1 (MCSF or CSF1), were detected using a luminescent assay. RESULTS Injection of LipC6 slowed tumor growth by reducing tumor cell proliferation and phosphorylation of AKT, and increasing tumor cell apoptosis, compared with vehicle. Tumors grew more slowly in mice given the combination of LipC6 injection and TAS CD8+ T cells followed by immunization compared with mice given vehicle, LipC6, the T cells, or immunization alone. LipC6 injection also reduced numbers of TAMs and their production of ROS. LipC6 induced TAMs to differentiate into an M1 phenotype, which reduced immune suppression and increased activity of CD8+ T cells. These results were validated by experiments with bone marrow-derived macrophages induced by GMCSF or MCSF. CONCLUSIONS In mice with liver tumors, injection of LipC6 reduces the number of TAMs and the ability of TAMs to suppress the anti-tumor immune response. LipC6 also increases the anti-tumor effects of TAS CD8+ T cells. LipC6 might therefore increase the efficacy of immune therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri; Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri.
| | - Dai Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Address requests for reprints to: Kevin F. Staveley-O’Carroll, MD, PhD, Professor, Chair of Surgery, Director of Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, One Hospital Drive, Mc501, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212. ; fax: 573-884-4585; or Guangfu Li, PhD, DVM, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, One Hospital Dr., Medical Sciences Building, M272, Columbia, MO 65212. ; fax: 573-884-4585
| | - Eric T. Kimchi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jussuf T. Kaifi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Xiaoqiang Qi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Yariswamy Manjunath
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Xinjian Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Tye Deering
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Diego M. Avella
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Todd Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Don C. Rockey
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Todd D. Schell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kevin F. Staveley-O’Carroll
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri,Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Grant M, Bollard CM. Developing T-cell therapies for lymphoma without receptor engineering. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2017; 2017:622-631. [PMID: 29222313 PMCID: PMC6142576 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
T-cell therapy has emerged from the bench for the treatment of patients with lymphoma. Responses to T-cell therapeutics are regulated by multiple factors, including the patient's immune system status and disease stage. Outside of engineering of chimeric antigen receptors and artificial T-cell receptors, T-cell therapy can be mediated by ex vivo expansion of antigen-specific T cells targeting viral and/or nonviral tumor-associated antigens. These approaches are contributing to enhanced clinical responses and overall survival. In this review, we summarize the available T-cell therapeutics beyond receptor engineering for the treatment of patients with lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Grant
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC; and
| | - Catherine M. Bollard
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC; and
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Developing T-cell therapies for lymphoma without receptor engineering. Blood Adv 2017; 1:2579-2590. [PMID: 29296911 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017009886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell therapy has emerged from the bench for the treatment of patients with lymphoma. Responses to T-cell therapeutics are regulated by multiple factors, including the patient's immune system status and disease stage. Outside of engineering of chimeric antigen receptors and artificial T-cell receptors, T-cell therapy can be mediated by ex vivo expansion of antigen-specific T cells targeting viral and/or nonviral tumor-associated antigens. These approaches are contributing to enhanced clinical responses and overall survival. In this review, we summarize the available T-cell therapeutics beyond receptor engineering for the treatment of patients with lymphoma.
Collapse
|
25
|
Grant ML, Bollard CM. Cell therapies for hematological malignancies: don't forget non-gene-modified t cells! Blood Rev 2017; 32:203-224. [PMID: 29198753 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapy currently performs an important role in the treatment of patients with various hematological malignancies. The response to the cell therapy is regulated by multiple factors including the patient's immune system status, genetic profile, stage at diagnosis, age, and underlying disease. Cell therapy that does not require genetic manipulation can be mediated by donor lymphocyte infusion strategies, selective depletion in the post-transplant setting and the ex vivo expansion of antigen-specific T cells. For hematologic malignancies, cell therapy is contributing to enhanced clinical responses and overall survival and the immune response to cell therapy is predictive of response in multiple cancer types. In this review we summarize the available T cell therapeutics that do not rely on gene engineering for the treatment of patients with blood cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Grant
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Inoue S, Setoyama Y, Odaka A, Kitagawa D, Beck Y. Chemoimmunotherapeutic effect of combined treatment with ex vivo generated antigen-presenting immune cells and conventional antitumor agents in a mouse neuroblastoma model. J Pediatr Surg 2017; 52:1642-1650. [PMID: 28457491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Combining antitumor immunotherapy with conventional intensive multimodal therapy may be considered for advanced neuroblastoma. We investigated combination therapy with ex vivo generated immunostimulatory cells and intraperitoneal doxorubicin. METHODS Immunogenic death of neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells was induced by doxorubicin or cisplatin (negative control). Mouse bone marrow cells were cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, followed by addition of doxorubicin-killed neuro-2a cells with or without interleukin-4 and/or CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide to induce immunostimulatory cells. CD8α+ lymphocytes were cocultured with killed neuro-2a cells and immunostimulatory cells, and interferon-γ was measured in the supernatant. Furthermore, female A/J mice were injected with viable neuro-2a cells, followed by immunostimulatory cells and doxorubicin. Then intraabdominal tumor nodules were evaluated. RESULTS Bone marrow-derived immunostimulatory cells only promoted interferon-γ production by CD8α+ lymphocytes after first being stimulated by doxorubicin-killed neuro-2a cells and interleukin-4, followed by CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide. These cells had a surface antigen expression profile compatible with activated dendritic cells and suppressed tumors in mice intravenously injected with neuro-2a cells. Despite a similar surface antigen profile, the in vivo antitumor effect was stronger after injection of immunostimulatory cells induced by doxorubicin-killed neuro-2a cells compared with cells induced by cisplatin-killed neuro-2a cells. Moreover, interferon-γ production was greater when CD8α+ lymphocytes were cocultured with doxorubicin-killed neuro-2a cells and immunostimulatory cells rather than with cisplatin-killed cells. CONCLUSION Cells with antitumor activity can be induced from bone marrow cells. Combining such cells with doxorubicin may activate antitumor immunity in tumor-bearing mice. Interactions between induced immunostimulatory cells and conventional chemotherapy might be important for antitumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiichiro Inoue
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kamoda 1981, Kawagoe, Saitama, 3508550, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Setoyama
- Department of Medical Research, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Akio Odaka
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kamoda 1981, Kawagoe, Saitama, 3508550, Japan
| | - Daiki Kitagawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kamoda 1981, Kawagoe, Saitama, 3508550, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Beck
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kamoda 1981, Kawagoe, Saitama, 3508550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Galati D, Zanotta S. Hematologic neoplasms: Dendritic cells vaccines in motion. Clin Immunol 2017; 183:181-190. [PMID: 28870867 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are bone-marrow-derived immune cells accounted for a key role in cancer vaccination as potent antigen-presenting cells within the immune system. Cancer microenvironment can modulate DCs maturation resulting in their accumulation into functional states associated with a reduced antitumor immune response. In this regard, a successful cancer vaccine needs to mount a potent antitumor immune response able to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor milieu. As a consequence, DCs-based approaches are a safe and promising strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy in hematological malignancies, particularly in combinations with additional treatments. This review summarizes the most significant evidence about the immunotherapeutic strategies performed to target hematologic neoplasms including the tumoral associated antigens (TAA) pulsed on DCs, whole tumor cell vaccines or leukemia-derived DCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Galati
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem-Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione 'G. Pascale', IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Serena Zanotta
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem-Cell Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Fondazione 'G. Pascale', IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mikyskova R, Indrova M, Stepanek I, Kanchev I, Bieblova J, Vosahlikova S, Moserova I, Truxova I, Fucikova J, Bartunkova J, Spisek R, Sedlacek R, Reinis M. Dendritic cells pulsed with tumor cells killed by high hydrostatic pressure inhibit prostate tumor growth in TRAMP mice. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1362528. [PMID: 29209567 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1362528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines pulsed with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)-inactivated tumor cells have recently been shown to be a promising tool for prostate cancer chemoimmunotherapy. In this study, DC-based vaccines, both pulsed and unpulsed, were as effective as docetaxel (DTX) in reducing prostate tumors in the orthotopic transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. However, we did not observe any additive or synergic effects of chemoimmunotherapy on the tumor growth, while only the combination of DTX and pulsed dendritic cells resulted in significantly lower proliferation detected by Ki67 staining in histological samples. The DC-based vaccine pulsed with HHP-treated tumor cells was also combined with another type of cytostatic, cyclophosphamide, with similar results. In another clinically relevant setting, minimal residual tumor disease after surgery, administration of DC-based vaccines after the surgery of poorly immunogenic transplanted TRAMP-C2, as well as in immunogenic TC-1 tumors, reduced the growth of tumor recurrences. To identify the effector cell populations after DC vaccine application, mice were twice immunized with both pulsed and unpulsed DC vaccine, and the cytotoxicity of the spleen cells populations was tested. The effector cell subpopulations were defined as CD4+ and NK1.1+, which suggests rather unspecific therapeutic effects of the DC-based vaccines in our settings. Taken together, our data demonstrate that DC-based vaccines represent a rational tool for the treatment of human prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romana Mikyskova
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Indrova
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Stepanek
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Kanchev
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Bieblova
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Jitka Fucikova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.,SOTIO, a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jirina Bartunkova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.,SOTIO, a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Spisek
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.,SOTIO, a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Reinis
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the AS CR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rufo N, Garg AD, Agostinis P. The Unfolded Protein Response in Immunogenic Cell Death and Cancer Immunotherapy. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:643-658. [PMID: 28867168 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a conserved pathway that is stimulated when endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis is disturbed or lost. Accumulating evidence indicates that chronic activation of the UPR supports the main hallmarks of cancer by favoring cancer cell-autonomous and nonautonomous processes, which ultimately foster the immunosuppressive and protumorigenic microenvironment. However, certain forms of therapy-induced ER stress can elicit immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD), which enables the release of key immunostimulatory or danger signals, eventually driving efficient antitumor immunity. In this review, after a brief discussion of the interplay between ER stress and protumorigenic inflammation, we review the relevance of therapy-mediated ER stress pathways in evoking ICD and how they could be used to optimize current immunotherapy approaches against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Rufo
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fecek RJ, Storkus WJ. Combination strategies to enhance the potency of monocyte-derived dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines. Immunotherapy 2017; 8:1205-18. [PMID: 27605069 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2016-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent inducers of adaptive immunity and their clinical use in cancer vaccine formulations remains an area of active translational and clinical investigation. Although cancer vaccines applied as monotherapies have had a modest history of clinical success, there is great enthusiasm for novel therapeutic strategies combining DC-based cancer vaccines with agents that 'normalize' immune function in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Broadly, these combination vaccines are designed to antagonize/remove immunosuppressive networks within the TME that serve to limit the antitumor action of vaccine-induced T cells and/or to condition the TME to facilitate the recruitment and optimal function and durability of vaccine-induced T cells. Such combination regimens are expected to dramatically enhance the clinical potency of DC-based cancer vaccine platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald J Fecek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Walter J Storkus
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Safety and immunogenicity of neoadjuvant treatment using WT1-immunotherapeutic in combination with standard therapy in patients with WT1-positive Stage II/III breast cancer: a randomized Phase I study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 162:479-488. [PMID: 28176175 PMCID: PMC5332485 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This Phase I, multicenter, randomized study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01220128) evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) protein combined with the immunostimulant AS15 (WT1-immunotherapeutic) as neoadjuvant therapy administered concurrently with standard treatments in WT1-positive breast cancer patients. Methods Patients were treated in 4 cohorts according to neoadjuvant treatment (A: post-menopausal, hormone receptor [HR]-positive patients receiving aromatase inhibitors; B: patients receiving chemotherapy; C: HER2-overexpressing patients on trastuzumab–chemotherapy combination; D: HR-positive/HER2-negative patients on chemotherapy). Patients (cohorts A–C) were randomized (2:1) to receive 6 or 8 doses of WT1-immunotherapeutic or placebo together with standard neoadjuvant treatment in a double-blind manner; cohort D patients received WT1-immunotherapeutic in an open manner. Safety was assessed throughout the study. WT1-specific antibodies were assessed pre- and post-vaccination. Results Sixty-two patients were randomized; 60 received ≥ one dose of WT1-immunotherapeutic. Two severe toxicities were reported: diarrhea (cohort C; also reported as a grade 3 serious adverse event) and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (cohort B; also reported as a grade 2 adverse event). Post-dose 4 of WT1-immunotherapeutic, 10/10 patients from cohort A, 0/8 patients from cohort B, 6/11 patients from cohort C, and 2/3 patients from cohort D were humoral responders. The sponsor elected to close the trial prematurely. Conclusions Concurrent administration of WT1-immunotherapeutic and standard neoadjuvant therapy was well tolerated and induced WT1-specific antibodies in patients receiving neoadjuvant aromatase inhibitors. In patients on neoadjuvant chemotherapy or trastuzumab–chemotherapy combination, the humoral response was impaired or blunted, likely due to either co-administration of corticosteroids and/or the chemotherapies themselves. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10549-017-4130-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
32
|
Ladoire S, Derangère V, Arnould L, Thibaudin M, Coudert B, Lorgis V, Desmoulins I, Chaix M, Fumoleau P, Ghiringhelli F. [The anti-tumor immune response in breast cancer: Update and therapeutic perspectives]. Ann Pathol 2017; 37:133-141. [PMID: 28159406 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of the immune response in breast cancer is now well recognized and increasingly taken in account. The goal of this article is, in the first part, to underline its prognostic impact and to precise the immunosurvelliance, immunoselection and the immunosubversion concepts involved in the control and evasion of breast carcinoma. In the second part, therapeutic strategies for the restauration of anti-tumor immunity are developed. Vaccination strategies and checkpoints inhibitors blockade strategies are discussed as well as the immunogenic death linked to the conventional treatments of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Ladoire
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; Plateforme de transfert en biologie cancérologique, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; UMR Inserm U866, faculté de médecine de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France; UFR des sciences de santé, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Valentin Derangère
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; Plateforme de transfert en biologie cancérologique, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; UMR Inserm U866, faculté de médecine de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France; Département de pathologie et de biologie des tumeurs, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Arnould
- Plateforme de transfert en biologie cancérologique, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France; Département de pathologie et de biologie des tumeurs, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marion Thibaudin
- UMR Inserm U866, faculté de médecine de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Coudert
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Veronique Lorgis
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Isabelle Desmoulins
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marie Chaix
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; UMR Inserm U866, faculté de médecine de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France; UFR des sciences de santé, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Fumoleau
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; Plateforme de transfert en biologie cancérologique, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; UFR des sciences de santé, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Département d'oncologie médicale, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; Plateforme de transfert en biologie cancérologique, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, 21000 Dijon, France; UMR Inserm U866, faculté de médecine de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France; UFR des sciences de santé, 21000 Dijon, France; Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gebremeskel S, Johnston B. Concepts and mechanisms underlying chemotherapy induced immunogenic cell death: impact on clinical studies and considerations for combined therapies. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41600-19. [PMID: 26486085 PMCID: PMC4747176 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy has historically been thought to induce cancer cell death in an immunogenically silent manner. However, recent studies have demonstrated that therapeutic outcomes with specific chemotherapeutic agents (e.g. anthracyclines) correlate strongly with their ability to induce a process of immunogenic cell death (ICD) in cancer cells. This process generates a series of signals that stimulate the immune system to recognize and clear tumor cells. Extensive studies have revealed that chemotherapy-induced ICD occurs via the exposure/release of calreticulin (CALR), ATP, chemokine (C–X–C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). This review provides an in-depth look into the concepts and mechanisms underlying CALR exposure, activation of the Toll-like receptor 3/IFN/CXCL10 axis, and the release of ATP and HMGB1 from dying cancer cells. Factors that influence the impact of ICD in clinical studies and the design of therapies combining chemotherapy with immunotherapy are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gebremeskel
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Brent Johnston
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kimbara S, Kondo S. Immune checkpoint and inflammation as therapeutic targets in pancreatic carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:7440-52. [PMID: 27672267 PMCID: PMC5011660 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i33.7440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is one of the most deadly malignant neoplasms, and the efficacy of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy is far from satisfactory. Recent research studies have revealed that immunosuppression and inflammation are associated with oncogenesis, as well as tumor development, invasion, and metastasis in PAC. Thus, immunosuppression-related signaling, especially that involving immune checkpoint and inflammation, has emerged as novel treatment targets for PAC. However, PAC is an immune-resistant tumor, and it is still unclear whether immune checkpoint or anti-inflammation therapies would be an ideal strategy. In this article, we will review immune checkpoint and inflammation as potential targets, as well as clinical trials and the prospects for immunotherapy in PAC.
Collapse
|
35
|
IL-6 Inhibition Reduces STAT3 Activation and Enhances the Antitumor Effect of Carboplatin. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:8026494. [PMID: 27006530 PMCID: PMC4781984 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8026494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that tumor-associated macrophage-produced IL-6 is an important mediator within the tumor microenvironment that promotes tumor growth. The activation of IL-6/STAT3 axis has been associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis of a variety of cancers including colorectal carcinoma and thus serves as a potential immunotherapeutic target for cancer treatment. However, it is not fully understood whether anticytokine therapy could reverse chemosensitivity and enhance the suppressive effect of chemotherapy on tumor growth. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of IL-6 inhibition therapy on the antitumor effect of carboplatin. Enhanced expression of IL-6 and activation of STAT3 were observed in human colorectal carcinoma samples compared to normal colorectal tissue, with higher levels of IL-6/STAT3 in low grade carcinomas. Treatment of carboplatin (CBP) dose-dependently increased IL-6 production and STAT3 activation in human colorectal LoVo cells. Blockade of IL-6 with neutralizing antibody enhanced chemosensitivity of LoVo cells to carboplatin as evidenced by increased cell apoptosis. IL-6 blockade abolished carboplatin-induced STAT3 activation. IL-6 blockade and carboplatin synergistically reduced cyclin D1 expression and enhanced caspase-3 activity in LoVo cells. Our results suggest that inhibition of IL-6 may enhance chemosensitivity of colon cancers with overactive STAT3 to platinum agents.
Collapse
|
36
|
Mikyšková R, Štěpánek I, Indrová M, Bieblová J, Šímová J, Truxová I, Moserová I, Fučíková J, Bartůňková J, Špíšek R, Reiniš M. Dendritic cells pulsed with tumor cells killed by high hydrostatic pressure induce strong immune responses and display therapeutic effects both in murine TC-1 and TRAMP-C2 tumors when combined with docetaxel chemotherapy. Int J Oncol 2015; 48:953-64. [PMID: 26718011 PMCID: PMC4750542 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) has been shown to induce immunogenic cell death of cancer cells, facilitating their uptake by dendritic cells (DC) and subsequent presentation of tumor antigens. In the present study, we demonstrated immunogenicity of the HHP-treated tumor cells in mice. HHP was able to induce immunogenic cell death of both TC-1 and TRAMP-C2 tumor cells, representing murine models for human papilloma virus-associated tumors and prostate cancer, respectively. HHP-treated cells induced stronger immune responses in mice immunized with these tumor cells, documented by higher spleen cell cytotoxicity and increased IFNγ production as compared to irradiated tumor cells, accompanied by suppression of tumor growth in vivo in the case of TC-1 tumors, but not TRAMP-C2 tumors. Furthermore, HHP-treated cells were used for DC-based vaccine antigen pulsing. DC co-cultured with HHP-treated tumor cells and matured by a TLR 9 agonist exhibited higher cell surface expression of maturation markers and production of IL-12 and other cytokines, as compared to the DC pulsed with irradiated tumor cells. Immunization with DC cell-based vaccines pulsed with HHP-treated tumor cells induced high immune responses, detected by increased spleen cell cytotoxicity and elevated IFNγ production. The DC-based vaccine pulsed with HHP-treated tumor cells combined with docetaxel chemotherapy significantly inhibited growth of both TC-1 and TRAMP-C2 tumors. Our results indicate that DC-based vaccines pulsed with HHP-inactivated tumor cells can be a suitable tool for chemoimmunotherapy, particularly with regard to the findings that poorly immunogenic TRAMP-C2 tumors were susceptible to this treatment modality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romana Mikyšková
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Štěpánek
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Indrová
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Bieblová
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Šímová
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jitka Fučíková
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Bartůňková
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Špíšek
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Reiniš
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Namdar A, Mirzaei HR, Hafezi M, Khosravianfar N, Kheshtchin N, Mirzaei R, Hadjati J, Rezaei A. Low Noncytotoxic Concentrations of 5-Fluorouracil Have No Adverse Effects on Maturation and Function of Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells in vitro: A Potentially Safe Adjuvant for Dendritic Cell-Based Cancer Therapy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2015; 168:122-30. [DOI: 10.1159/000442290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
38
|
Liu D, Staveley-O’Carroll KF, Li G. Immune-based Therapy Clinical Trials in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 6:376. [PMID: 26877890 PMCID: PMC4750497 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality and continues to increase. Current standard of care for patients with HCC only provides limited therapeutic benefit. Development of innovative strategies is urgently needed. Experience with immunotherapy in HCC is quite early, but rapidly rise in the recent 15 years. Multifaceted immune-based approaches have shown efficacy in achieving disease regression, representing the most promising new treatment approach. Here, we classify the ongoing or completed clinical trials in HCC in terms of the immune strategies to be used and assess their clinical outcomes. The generated information may be helpful in the design of future immune-based therapies for achieving ideal tumor control and maximizing anti-tumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dai Liu
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Kevin F. Staveley-O’Carroll
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Inoue S, Setoyama Y, Beck Y, Kitagawa D, Odaka A. Ex vivo induction of antitumor DEC-205 + CD11c + cells in a murine neuroblastoma model by co-stimulation with doxorubicin, lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-4. Biomed Rep 2015; 4:27-32. [PMID: 26870329 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The antigen-presenting capacity of specific cells and tumor immunogenicity involved in innate cellular immunity are important for initiating an antitumor response to advanced neuroblastoma. The present study was performed to establish a method of producing antigen-presenting cells that induced an immune response to murine neuroblastoma cells through culture with neuroblastoma cells that had undergone immunogenic cell death. Immunogenic death of neuro-2a murine neuroblastoma cells was induced by exposure to doxorubicin. Mouse bone marrow cells were cultured in medium containing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, followed by the addition of doxorubicin-treated neuro-2a cells to the culture with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or interleukin-4. Subsequently, cluster of differentiation (CD) 8α+ lymphocytes were co-cultured with neuro-2a cells and the adherent bone marrow cells obtained by the above procedure to evaluate CD8α+ lymphocyte proliferation and interferon-γ production. Furthermore, the surface antigen profile of adherent bone marrow cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. When adherent bone marrow cells were treated with LPS and/or interleukin-4, followed by co-culture with CD8α+ lymphocytes and neuro-2a cells, interferon-γ production by the CD8α+ cells increased in response to anti-CD3/CD28 antibody stimulation. CD11c major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) double-positive cells were increased among adherent cells derived from cultured bone marrow cells. These cells were positive for DEC-205, but not CD8α. These findings suggest that co-culture of bone marrow-derived cells with tumor cells (that have undergone immunogenic death by exposure to doxorubicin) plus stimulation by LPS and interleukin-4 induces antigen-presenting cells that can evoke an immune response to neuroblastoma. Bone marrow-derived DEC-205+ CD11c+ MHC II+ dendritic cells are key antigen-presenting cells in the induction of an immune response following phagocytosis of doxorubicin-treated neuroblastoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seiichiro Inoue
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508550, Japan
| | - Yumiko Setoyama
- Department of Medical Research, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508550, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Beck
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508550, Japan
| | - Daiki Kitagawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508550, Japan
| | - Akio Odaka
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yan X, Li W, Pan L, Fu E, Xie Y, Chen M, Mu D. Lewis Lung Cancer Cells Promote SIGNR1(CD209b)-Mediated Macrophages Polarization Induced by IL-4 to Facilitate Immune Evasion. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1158-66. [PMID: 26447454 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages are a prominent component of lung cancer and contribute to tumor progression by facilitating the immune evasion of cancer cells. DC-SIGN (CD209) assists in the immune evasion of a broad spectrum of pathogens and neoplasms by inhibiting the maturation of DCs and subsequent cytokines production. However, the expression of DC-SIGN in macrophages and its role in mediating immune evasion in lung cancer and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Our study aimed to identify the immunosuppressive role of SIGNR1 in murine macrophage differentiation and lung cancer progression. We found that SIGNR1-positive RAW264.7 macrophages were enriched in mixed cultures with Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC) (ratio of RAW 264.7 to LLC being 1:1) after stimulation with IL-4. Moreover, LLC-educated macrophages exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-10 but lower IL-12 in response to IL-4 treatment as determined by RT-PCR and ELISA. However, inhibition of SIGNR1 markedly hampered the production of IL-10, indicating that SIGNR1 was indispensable for IL-4+LLC induced macrophage polarization towards the M2 subtype. Furthermore, polarized M2 cells immersed in a tumor microenvironment promoted the migration of LLCs, as measured by transwell assays, but migration was suppressed after blockade of SIGNR1 using CD209b antibody. In addition, IL-4+LLC-educated macrophages reduced the proliferation of the activated T cells and reduced IFN-γ-mediated Th1 response in T cells, while SIGNR1 inhibition rescued Th1 cell functions. In conclusion, murine SIGNR1 expressed in LLC-educated macrophages appears to mediate IL-4-induced RAW264.7 macrophage polarization and thus facilitate lung cancer evasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenhai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Enqing Fu
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yonghong Xie
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Deguang Mu
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
O'Sullivan Coyne G, Gulley JL. Adding fuel to the fire: immunogenic intensification. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:3306-12. [PMID: 25483630 DOI: 10.4161/21645515.2014.973318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The durable long term clinical benefits seen for certain patients treated with immunotherapy agents has suggested there is significant therapeutic potential to be derived from these agents, as shown by the increasing prominence of this treatment strategy in upcoming clinical trials. There has been a renewed interest and focus on the drivers of tumoral antigen recognition, and the pathways by which various cells of the immune system can stimulate, propagate and execute an effective anti-tumor response. Various challenges lie ahead in the further development of these treatments, including induction of an endogenous anti-tumor response, tumor microenvironment modulation, and T-cell response amplification. Novel treatment combinations may prove of significant added benefit by immunogenic intensification.
Collapse
Key Words
- APC, antigen-presenting cells
- CARs, chimeric antigen receptors
- HER2, epidermal growth factor receptor 2
- MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- MHC I, major histocompatibility class I molecules
- PD-1, programmed death-1
- PD-L1
- PD-L1, programmed death-ligand-1
- TAA, tumor-associated antigen
- TAP, transporter of antigen processing
- TILs, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
- Tregs, regulatory T cells
- activated T cell
- cancer
- checkpoint inhibitor
- immunogenic intensification
- mAB, monoclonal antibodies
- mCRPC, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
- vaccine
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine O'Sullivan Coyne
- a Genitourinary Malignancies Branch; Medical Oncology Service; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health ; Bethesda , MD USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang Z, Yu X, Wang Z, Wu P, Huang J. Anthracyclines potentiate anti-tumor immunity: A new opportunity for chemoimmunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2015; 369:331-5. [PMID: 26454214 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anthracyclines are a class of drugs, including doxorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin, used in cancer chemotherapy which are derived from Streptomyces bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius. Traditionally, substantial pieces of evidence have demonstrated that anthracyclines could harness the host immune system to prevent cancer progression. But nowadays, researches also implied that anthracyclines could sensitize tumor cells to immune cell driven cytotoxicity, like dendritic cells and CD8+ T cell. The ability of anthracyclines in tumor immune cycle, including trigger direct tumor cell death, enhance immune effector cell activation and eliminate immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), explained its capacity to relieve tumor induced immunosuppression and restore anticancer immune responses. And current pre-clinical and clinical trials implied that combination therapies using anthracyclines with immunotherapy have further enhanced the clinical benefit. Here, we discuss how the increased understanding of the immune-driven effects of anthracyclines prompts the design of relevant cancer chemoimmunotherapy strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | | | - Zhen Wang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Pin Wu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Fan D, Li W, Yang Y, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Yan Y, Yang M, Wang J, Xiong D. Redirection of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes via an anti-CD3 × anti-CD19 bi-specific antibody combined with cytosine arabinoside and the efficient lysis of patient-derived B-ALL cells. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:108. [PMID: 26444983 PMCID: PMC4596481 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is derived from B cell progenitors. Recently, the development of appropriate combinations of chemotherapy and immunotherapy represents a promising approach for eliminating cancer. We previously constructed an anti-CD3 × anti-CD19 bi-specific antibody in a diabody configuration and its disulfide-stabilized format (ds-diabody). The combination of the diabody or ds-diabody and Ara-C was highly effective in enhancing the cytotoxicity of T cells against the CD19+ human leukemia cell-line, Nalm-6, both in vitro and in vivo. This study verified whether B-ALL patient-derived cells were sensitive to the diabody or ds-diabody and low-dosage Ara-C combination. Methods This study aimed to detect the B7 family members B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) that were expressed in B-ALL patient-derived cells pre-treated by Ara-C (0.25 μM) and to determine the targeted killing ability of T cell subtypes induced by the diabody or ds-diabody combination with Ara-C both in vitro and in vivo. We also determined the levels of the cytokines that were released by activated CD4+ or CD8+ T cells during therapy. Result Low-dose Ara-C enhanced CD80 and CD86 expression in nearly 50 % of specimens of B-ALL patient-derived cells. A combination of diabody or ds-diabody and Ara-C enhanced T cell against B-ALL cells in vitro and in vivo. Both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were potently activated. Expression of CD25 and CD69 was augmented equally by CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. However, CD8+ T cells made the major contribution by redirecting target cell lysis in a granzyme B and perforin-dependent mechanism. CD4+ T cells played an important immunomodulatory role by secreting IL2. Consequently, IL3, IL6, TNFα, and IFNγ were also released by CD4+ or CD8+ T cells following diabody-mediated T cell activation. Conclusion T cell therapy induced by diabody or ds-diabody combined with low dose of Ara-C was effective against cancer cell-lines and in clinical trials. In vivo, the ds-diabody was more efficient than its parent diabody due to its enhanced stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Maxillofacial and E.N.T. Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongsheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Giaccone G, Bazhenova LA, Nemunaitis J, Tan M, Juhász E, Ramlau R, van den Heuvel MM, Lal R, Kloecker GH, Eaton KD, Chu Q, Dunlop DJ, Jain M, Garon EB, Davis CS, Carrier E, Moses SC, Shawler DL, Fakhrai H. A phase III study of belagenpumatucel-L, an allogeneic tumour cell vaccine, as maintenance therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Cancer 2015; 51:2321-9. [PMID: 26283035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment options after first-line chemotherapy are limited in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Belagenpumatucel-L is a therapeutic vaccine comprised of 4 transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2-antisense gene-modified, irradiated, allogeneic NSCLC cell lines that may be useful for maintenance after initial treatment. METHODS Stage III/IV NSCLC patients who did not progress after platinum-based chemotherapy were randomised 1:1 to receive maintenance belagenpumatucel-L or placebo. Patients were eligible for randomisation between one and four months from the end of induction chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was overall survival. RESULTS This phase III trial enrolled 270 patients in the belagenpumatucel-L arm and 262 in the control arm. Belagenpumatucel-L was well tolerated with no serious safety concerns. There was no difference in survival between the arms (median survival 20.3 versus 17.8months with belagenpumatucel-L versus placebo, respectively; hazard ratio (HR) 0.94, p=0.594). There were also no differences in progression-free survival (4.3months versus 4.0 for belagenpumatucel-L vs placebo, respectively; HR 0.99, p=0.947). A prespecified Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the time elapsed between randomisation and the end of induction chemotherapy had a significant impact on survival (p=0.002) and that prior radiation was a positive prognostic factor (median survival 28.4months with belagenpumatucel-L versus 16.0months with placebo; HR 0.61, p=0.032). CONCLUSIONS Although the overall trial did not meet its survival endpoint, improved survival for belagenpumatucel-L is suggested in patients who were randomised within 12weeks of completion of chemotherapy and in those who had received prior radiation. Further studies of belagenpumatucel-L in NSCLC are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Giaccone
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - L A Bazhenova
- Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Nemunaitis
- Mary Crowley Cancer Research Centers, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M Tan
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - E Juhász
- Korányi National Institute for TB and Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - R Ramlau
- Wielkopolskie Centrum Pulmonologii i Torakochirurgii, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - M M van den Heuvel
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Thoracic Oncology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - R Lal
- Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - G H Kloecker
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - K D Eaton
- Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Q Chu
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - D J Dunlop
- Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - M Jain
- Noble Hospital, Pune, India
| | - E B Garon
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - E Carrier
- NovaRx Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - S C Moses
- NovaRx Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - H Fakhrai
- NovaRx Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chen P, Luo S, Wen YJ, Li YH, Li J, Wang YS, Du LC, Zhang P, Tang J, Yang DB, Hu HZ, Zhao X, Wei YQ. Low-dose paclitaxel improves the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant adenovirus encoding CCL21 chemokine against murine cancer. Cancer Sci 2015; 105:1393-401. [PMID: 25230206 PMCID: PMC4462366 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21), one of the CC chemokines, exerts potent antitumor immunity by co-localizing T cells and dendritic cells at the tumor site and is currently tested against human solid tumors. Here, we investigated whether the combination of recombinant adenovirus encoding murine CCL21 (Ad-mCCL21) with low-dose paclitaxel would improve therapeutic efficacy against murine cancer. Immunocompetent mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma or 4T1 breast carcinoma were treated with either Ad-mCCL21, paclitaxel, or both agents together. Our results showed that Ad-mCCL21 + low-dose paclitaxel more effectively reduced the growth of tumors as compared with either treatment alone and significantly prolonged survival time of the tumor-bearing animals. These antitumor effects of the combined therapy were linked to altered cytokine network at the tumor site, enhanced apoptosis of tumor cells, and decreased formation of new vessels in tumors. Importantly, the combined therapy elicited a strong therapeutic antitumor immunity, which could be partly abrogated by the depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocytes. Collectively, these preclinical evaluations may provide a combined strategy for antitumor immunity and should be considered for testing in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China; Chengdu Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wu J, Waxman DJ. Metronomic cyclophosphamide eradicates large implanted GL261 gliomas by activating antitumor Cd8 + T-cell responses and immune memory. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1005521. [PMID: 26137402 PMCID: PMC4485826 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1005521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy using cytotoxic drugs can induce immunogenic tumor cell death; however, dosing regimens and schedules that enable single-agent chemotherapy to induce adaptive immune-dependent ablation of large, established tumors with activation of long-term immune memory have not been identified. Here, we investigate this issue in a syngeneic, implanted GL261 glioma model in immune-competent mice given cyclophosphamide on a 6-day repeating metronomic schedule. Two cycles of metronomic cyclophosphamide treatment induced sustained upregulation of tumor-associated CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) cells, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, and other immune cells. Expression of CTL- and NK–cell-shared effectors peaked on Day 6, and then declined by Day 9 after the second cyclophosphamide injection and correlated inversely with the expression of the regulatory T cell (Treg) marker Foxp3. Sustained tumor regression leading to tumor ablation was achieved after several cyclophosphamide treatment cycles. Tumor ablation required CD8+ T cells, as shown by immunodepletion studies, and was associated with immunity to re-challenge with GL261 glioma cells, but not B16-F10 melanoma or Lewis lung carcinoma cells. Rejection of GL261 tumor re-challenge was associated with elevated CTLs in blood and increased CTL infiltration in tumors, consistent with the induction of long-term, specific CD8+ T-cell anti-GL261 tumor memory. Co-depletion of CD8+ T cells and NK cells did not inhibit tumor regression beyond CD8+ T-cell depletion alone, suggesting that the metronomic cyclophosphamide-activated NK cells function via CD8a+ T cells. Taken together, these findings provide proof-of-concept that single-agent chemotherapy delivered on an optimized metronomic schedule can eradicate large, established tumors and induce long-term immune memory.
Collapse
Key Words
- B6, C57BL/6 mouse strain
- CD8+ T cells
- CPA, cyclophosphamide
- CPA-90 and CPA-140, metronomic CPA scheduling at 90 and 140 mg CPA/kg body weight, respectively, repeated every 6 days
- CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyte
- FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting
- GL261 glioma
- LLC, Lewis lung carcinoma
- MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cells
- MTD, maximum-tolerated dose
- NK cell, natural killer cell
- NK cells
- PEB, phosphate-EDTA buffer
- chemoimmunotherapy
- chemotherapy
- cyclophosphamide
- drug scheduling
- glioblastoma
- immune memory
- metronomic chemotherapy
- qPCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wu
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology; Department of Biology and Graduate Program in Molecular and Translational Medicine; Boston University ; Boston, MA USA
| | - David J Waxman
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology; Department of Biology and Graduate Program in Molecular and Translational Medicine; Boston University ; Boston, MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Subbotin VM. Dendritic cell-based cancer immunotherapy: the stagnant approach and a theoretical solution. Drug Discov Today 2014; 19:834-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
48
|
Phagocytosis of bafilomycin A1-treated apoptotic neuroblastoma cells by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells initiates a CD8α+ lymphocyte response to neuroblastoma. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2014; 36:e290-5. [PMID: 24977403 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000000060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1), a vacuolar H-ATPase inhibitor, could promote an immune response after the induction of apoptosis in mouse neuroblastoma cells. Mouse neuro-2a cells were cultured in a medium containing Baf-A1, and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. To examine the influence in the phagocytic cell, CD11b spleen cells or bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) were cocultured with Baf-A1-treated neuro-2a. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production was used as an index of the immune response, and CDDP was used as the negative control. When CD8α cells were cocultured with CD11b cells and Baf-A1-treated neuro-2a cells in the presence of CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) (a toll-like receptor 9 [TLR-9] agonist), CD8α lymphocyte proliferation and secretion of IFN-γ were observed. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by BM-DCs was maximal after simultaneous stimulation with CpG-ODN and lipopolysaccharide (LPS; a TLR-4 agonist). IFN-γ secretion was maximal when Baf-A1-treated neuro-2a cells and CD8α lymphocytes were cocultured with BM-DCs and stimulated with CpG-ODN. In contrast, IFN-γ production was not increased when the cells were cultured with LPS. When cells were stimulated with both CpG-ODN and LPS, promotion of IFN-γ production by CpG-ODN was suppressed. Induction of apoptosis by Baf-A1 could possibly enhance antitumor immunity in patients receiving chemotherapy for neuroblastoma. Stimulation of BM-DCs with a TLR-9 agonist could promote antitumor activity after Baf-A1 treatment.
Collapse
|
49
|
Tomihara K, Fuse H, Heshiki W, Takei R, Zhang B, Arai N, Nakamori K, Noguchi M. Gemcitabine chemotherapy induces phenotypic alterations of tumor cells that facilitate antitumor T cell responses in a mouse model of oral cancer. Oral Oncol 2014; 50:457-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
50
|
Li W, Fan D, Yang M, Yan Y, Shi R, Cheng J, Li Z, Zhang M, Wang J, Xiong D. Cytosine arabinoside promotes cytotoxic effect of T cells on leukemia cells mediated by bispecific antibody. Hum Gene Ther 2014; 24:751-60. [PMID: 23879717 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2013.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs can enhance an immune response of the host against the tumor in addition to killing cancer cells by direct cytotoxicity. Therefore, the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy is a promising approach for eliminating tumors, particularly in advanced stages. A strategic medication is to use a bispecific antibody format that is capable of recruiting polyclonal T cells around antibody-target-expressing tumor cells. Recently, we have constructed a bispecific antibody, anti-CD3×anti-CD19, in a diabody configuration. In this study, we measured B7 family members B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) expressed on a CD19(+) human leukemia cell line, Nalm-6, stimulated by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C). We found that a low concentration of Ara-C could upregulate CD80 expressed on CD19(+) Nalm-6 cells. The cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes against Nalm-6 cells in vitro and in vivo mediated by the anti-CD3×anti-CD19 diabody with or without a low dose of Ara-C was compared. The combination of the anti-CD3×anti-CD19 diabody and Ara-C showed the greatest effectiveness in enhancing the cytotoxicity of T cells against the tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Activated T cells expressed higher levels of CD25 and CD69 and released more interleukin 2. Both perforin/granzyme B system and Fas/FasL pathway were involved in the diabody-induced T-cell cytotoxicity. Moreover, the activated T cells could upregulate ICAM-3 expression on Nalm-6 cells, and inhibition of LFA-1-ICAM-3 interaction impaired cytotoxicity of T cells. It was noted that Ara-C could upregulate CD80 expressed on two of five specimens of acute B lymphoblastic leukemia patient-derived cells. Cytotoxicity of T cells against these two patient-derived cells was enhanced in the presence of the anti-CD3×anti-CD19 diabody. These findings indicate that treatment strategy using both cytotoxic lymphocyte-based immunotherapy and chemotherapy may have synergistic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|