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Pillay L, Rikhotso RE. Antibiotic prescribing pattern of oral health practitioners before and during the COVID-19 pandemic at Wits Oral Health Centre. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 62:619-625. [PMID: 38987056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the antibiotic prescribing pattern of oral health practitioners before and during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic at Wits Oral Health Centre, South Africa. A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted using a systematic random sample of 698 records of patients who were prescribed antibiotics. The records were categorised into two groups: pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 pandemic periods. For each group, data collected and analysed included variables such as patient demographics, prescriber discipline, medical history, dental condition, dental procedure, type of antibiotic, dose, frequency, and duration. Most patients in both the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 groups (70.3% and 73%, respectively) were healthy. The most common indication for prescribing antibiotics was a painful tooth (58.7%). Amoxycillin and metronidazole remain the antibiotics of choice for most dental conditions. More patients were treated with antibiotics only in the COVID-19 group than the pre-COVID-19 group (46.8% vs 33.7%). A significant proportion of the prescribed antibiotics were not indicated in both the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 groups (53.1% and 54.3%, respectively). The increased antibiotic usage during the COVID-19 period, in spite of the decrease in the number of patients consulted, underscores the need for more strategies to be implemented to strengthen antimicrobial resistance surveillance and stewardship initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingeswara Pillay
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Risimati Ephraim Rikhotso
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Colangeli W, Ferragina F, Kallaverja E, Celano C, Cristofaro MG. Orbital fractures treated in a university hospital of southern Italy: epidemiology, outcomes and prognostic factors resulting from 538 retrospectively analyzed cases. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:1219-1225. [PMID: 38556588 PMCID: PMC11330396 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-024-01236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Orbital fractures are common injuries and represent an interesting chapter in maxillofacial surgery. This retrospective study analyses data collected from 528 patients surgically treated at the University Hospital "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy, from 1st January 2007 to 31st January 2021. METHODS The inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of orbital bone fracture, complete clinical and radiological records, and a minimum follow-up of 12 months. We analyzed gender, age, etiology, fracture type, treatment, timing of repair, and associated complications. RESULTS The most frequent cause of trauma was road accidents (37.88%), followed by domestic accidents (25.95%). The manifestation of diplopia (72.35%), infraorbital nerve hypoesthesia (53.41%), extrinsic eye movement limitation (51.70%), and enophthalmos (41.29%), determined the indication for surgery. Our trauma team preferred the sub-eyelid approach (79.36%). The study shows a statistical significance in the correlation between the severity of the herniation of the lower rectus muscle and the presence of preoperative diplopia (p-value = 0.00416); We found the same statistical significance for the post-postoperative diplopia (p-value = 0.00385). Patients treated two weeks after the trauma show a higher rate of diplopia and a greater limitation of long-term post-operative eye movements than those treated within two weeks (diplopia 23.08% vs. 15.56%; eye movements limitation 13.33% vs. 7.69%). Early surgical treatment (> 14 days) reduces the likelihood of functional and structural damage to the lower rectus muscle. CONCLUSION Our data will support future maxillofacial traumatology studies, and the education and prevention measures taken will reduce the incidence of orbital trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Colangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferragina
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Elvis Kallaverja
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Celano
- "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Cristofaro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, "Magna Graecia" University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Meisgeier A, Pienkohs S, Moosdorf L, Neff A. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maxillofacial trauma surgery in Germany - implications from the national DRG database. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:1241-1250. [PMID: 38600413 PMCID: PMC11330376 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-024-01248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the personal and social lives of millions of people and also impacted the etiological factors of midfacial trauma such as falls, interpersonal violence or traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on maxillofacial trauma surgery in the German healthcare system. METHODS Nationwide data regarding the national diagnosis-related-group (DRG) inpatient billing system used in all German hospitals was received from the German Federal Statistical Office. Various trauma-associated procedures of the Operation and Procedure Classification System (OPS), a German modification of the International Classification of Medical Procedures (ICPM), were statistically associated with different epidemiological factors between 2012 and 2021. RESULTS A statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in surgeries regarding maxillofacial fractures was registered during the years 2020 and 2021. Young male patients had the largest decline in maxillofacial trauma surgeries during this period (p < 0.05). In contrast. elderly patients 80 years and older showed a dramatic increase in the frequency of fractures in both the midface and the mandible (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS During the COVID 19 pandemic there has been a shift in the number, composition and etiology of maxillofacial fracture surgeries. Measures of social distancing and personal risk avoidance had a societal positive effect on the frequency of facial injuries. This stands in contrast to the drastic increase in fractures of elderly people who should be protected primarily by the measures taken. These results can help to understand these influences better in future pandemics. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register No: DRKS00032778.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Meisgeier
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UKGM GmbH, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Simon Pienkohs
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UKGM GmbH, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Laura Moosdorf
- Center for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UKGM GmbH, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Neff
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UKGM GmbH, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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Dudde F, Schunk J, Telschow T, Barbarewicz F, Schuck O, Giese M, Bergmann W. Patterns of ZMC and Le Fort Fractures under the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic-"A Changing Face?". J Clin Med 2024; 13:4662. [PMID: 39200801 PMCID: PMC11355621 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on midfacial fracture patterns/distributions and circumstances in a German craniomaxillofacial trauma center. Methods: This retrospective study compared the midface fracture patterns (excluding nasal fractures) of patients in the pre-COVID (PC) era (February 2019-January 2020) with patients in the intra-COVID (IC) era (February 2020-January 2021). In addition to baseline characteristics, the type of midface fractures, the circumstances leading to midface fractures, and hospital admissions/treatments were analyzed. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a reduction in the total number of midface fractures was observed (PC = 88 vs. IC = 57). No significant differences were found regarding the midfacial fracture localization between both periods. During the pandemic, there was a significant increase in falls, accidents at home, and virus/flu-associated syncopes. At the same time, a significant decrease in sports accidents, interpersonal violence, and alcohol-related accidents leading to midface fractures was recorded. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in accidents during the morning time with a simultaneous reduction in accidents during the nighttime. In addition to that, a significant delay in days from trauma leading to midface fracture until hospital admission and surgical treatment (ORIF) was revealed. Conclusions: Despite the limitations of a monocentric retrospective study, the current findings lead to the conclusion that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the patterns and circumstances leading to midface fractures. Analyzing the specific characteristics of patients suffering from midfacial fractures under the influence of the COVID-19 period can represent added value in order to treat facial fractures in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Dudde
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Hospital Hamburg, 22049 Hamburg, Germany
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de Sousa Lima A, Câmara JVF, Pierote JJA, Santos LA, Ferrari CR, de Almeida Lopes MC, Fialho ACV. Repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of facial fractures: a retrospective cohort study. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:945-955. [PMID: 38057681 PMCID: PMC11144671 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-023-01200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur de Sousa Lima
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - João Victor Frazão Câmara
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University Hospital, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, Building 73, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | | | - Lethycia Almeida Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Ruis Ferrari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cândida de Almeida Lopes
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Vasconcelos Fialho
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
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Petrocelli M, Ruggiero F, Allegri D, Cutrupi S, Baietti AM, Salzano G, Maglitto F, Manfuso A, Copelli C, Barca I, Cristofaro MG, Galvano F, Loche VP, Gemini P, Tewfik K, Burlini D, Bernardi M, Bianchi FA, Catanzaro S, Ascani G, Consorti G, Balercia P, Braconi A, Scozzaro C, Catalfamo L, De Rinaldis D, De Ponte FS, Tarabbia F, Biglioli F, Giovacchini F, Tullio A, Cama A, Di Emidio P, Ferrari S, Perlangeli G, Rossi MB, Biglio A, De Riu G, Califano L, Vaira LA. Changes in hospital admissions for facial fractures during and after COVID 19 pandemic: national multicentric epidemiological analysis on 2938 patients. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:753-759. [PMID: 38093155 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-023-01201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this multicenter study was to examine the differences in maxillo-facial fractures epidemiology across the various phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. METHODS This is a retrospective study on patients who underwent surgery for facial bone fractures in 18 maxillo-facial surgery departments in Italy, spanning from June 23, 2019, to February 23, 2022. Based on the admission date, the data were classified into four chronological periods reflecting distinct periods of restrictions in Italy: pre-pandemic, first wave, partial restrictions, and post-pandemic. Epidemiological differences across the groups were analysed. RESULTS The study included 2938 patients. A statistically significant difference in hospitalization causes was detected between the pre-pandemic and first wave groups (p = 0.005) and between the pre-pandemic and partial restriction groups (p = 0.002). The differences between the pre- and post-pandemic groups were instead not significant (p = 0.106). Compared to the pre-pandemic period, the number of patients of African origin was significantly higher during the first wave and the post-pandemic period. No statistically significant differences were found across the periods concerning gender, age, fracture type, treatment approach, and hospital stay duration CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic brought about significant changes in fracture epidemiology, influenced by the restrictive measures enforced by the government in Italy. Upon the pandemic's conclusion, the fracture epidemiology returned to the patterns observed in the pre-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Petrocelli
- Oral and Maxillo-Facial Unit AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Ruggiero
- Oral and Maxillo-Facial Unit AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Allegri
- Department of Clinical Governance and Quality, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Anna Maria Baietti
- Oral and Maxillo-Facial Unit AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Salzano
- Maxillo-facial Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Naples "Federico II,", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Maglitto
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro,", Bari, Italy
| | - Alfonso Manfuso
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro,", Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Copelli
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro,", Bari, Italy
| | - Ida Barca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Cristofaro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Galvano
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Gemini
- Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, ARNAS Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Karim Tewfik
- Pediatric Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Children's Hospital of Brescia - ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Dante Burlini
- Pediatric Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Children's Hospital of Brescia - ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Bernardi
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, ASO Santa Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | - Susanna Catanzaro
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Spirito Santo Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Giuliano Ascani
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Spirito Santo Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Consorti
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Marche University Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Balercia
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Marche University Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Braconi
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Civico di Cristina Bonfratelli Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Scozzaro
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Civico di Cristina Bonfratelli Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luciano Catalfamo
- UOC of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Danilo De Rinaldis
- UOC of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio De Ponte
- UOC of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo Tarabbia
- Head and Neck Department, Operative Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, San Paolo Hospital of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Biglioli
- Head and Neck Department, Operative Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, San Paolo Hospital of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Tullio
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Perugia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonia Cama
- Oral and Maxillo-Facial Unit, ASL Teramo - G. Mazzini Hospital, Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Di Emidio
- Oral and Maxillo-Facial Unit, ASL Teramo - G. Mazzini Hospital, Teramo, Italy
| | - Silvano Ferrari
- Head and Neck Department, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Maria Beatrice Rossi
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Surgical Sciences Department, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Biglio
- Head and Neck Department, Operative Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, San Paolo Hospital of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giacomo De Riu
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Califano
- Maxillo-facial Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Naples "Federico II,", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
- Biomedical Science Department, PhD School of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
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Bień M, Drogoszewska B, Polcyn A, Michcik A, Garbacewicz Ł. A Comparison of the Specific Facial Trauma Cases at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Gdansk, Poland, from March 2019 to August 2023. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3095. [PMID: 38892806 PMCID: PMC11172551 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Accidents involving the maxillofacial area are sudden and unforeseen, such as traffic accidents and physical altercations. The COVID-19 pandemic was a critical threat to the public in aspects not only involving physical health but also those affecting psychological health due to isolation, leading to a higher incidence of stress and depression among the general population and specifically in patients with OMF trauma. This study assessed the relationship between the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the quantity and severity of maxillofacial injuries. Methods: Data were retrieved from the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the University Clinical Centre in Gdansk from March 2019 to August 2023. Results: There was an increased risk of injury occurrence to the condylar process of the mandible, especially the left side, Le Fort type II/III fractures, injuries of the maxillary alveolar process, and displacement of the upper facial mass. Simultaneously, a decreased occurrence of certain injuries i.e., Le Fort type III fractures and Le Fort type I/II fractures, was recorded. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic led to an increased occurrence of high-energy injuries, including displacement of the upper facial mass (p = 0.010).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bień
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland; (B.D.); (A.P.); (A.M.); (Ł.G.)
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Sada-Urmeneta A, Tousidonis M, Navarro-Cuellar C, Ochandiano S, Navarro-Cuellar I, Khayat S, Ruiz-de-León G, Benito-Anguita M, Alvarez-Mokthari S, Olavarria E, Sanchez-Aniceto G, Herrero-Alvarez S, de la Sen-Corcuera O, Simon-Flores AM, Almeida-Parra F, Aragon-Niño I, del-Castillo JL, Salmeron JI. Dynamic Trends in Surgical Oromaxillofacial Trauma Epidemiology: A Comparative Study of Pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 Periods in Tertiary Referral Hospitals in Madrid. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1947. [PMID: 38610713 PMCID: PMC11012342 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has induced profound societal and healthcare transformations globally. Material and methods: This multicenter retrospective study aimed to assess potential shifts in the epidemiology and management of oromaxillofacial trauma requiring surgical intervention over a 1-year period encompassing the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, in comparison to the preceding year. The parameters investigated included age, sex, injury mechanisms, fractured bones, and treatment modalities. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A notable 39.36% reduction in oromaxillofacial fractures was identified (p < 0.001), with no significant alterations in sex distribution, types of fractured bones, or treatment modalities. An appreciable increase in mean age was observed (35.92 vs. 40.26) (p = 0.006). Analysis of the causes of oromaxillofacial trauma revealed diminished incidents of interpersonal violence (41% vs. 35%) and sports-related injuries (14% vs. 8%), alongside an escalation in cases attributed to falls (27% vs. 35%), precipitation events (2% vs. 5%), and traffic accidents (12% vs. 13%). The mandible emerged as the most frequently fractured bone. Conclusion: In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has decreased the number of maxillofacial fractures treated surgically and has changed the epidemiology and the etiology of facial traumas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sada-Urmeneta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Manuel Tousidonis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Carlos Navarro-Cuellar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Santiago Ochandiano
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Ignacio Navarro-Cuellar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Saad Khayat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Gonzalo Ruiz-de-León
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Marta Benito-Anguita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Sara Alvarez-Mokthari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
| | - Eduardo Olavarria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gregorio Sanchez-Aniceto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Herrero-Alvarez
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain (O.d.l.S.-C.)
| | - Oscar de la Sen-Corcuera
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain (O.d.l.S.-C.)
| | - Anna-Maria Simon-Flores
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Almeida-Parra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Aragon-Niño
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.-N.)
| | - Jose-Luis del-Castillo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.-N.)
| | - Jose-Ignacio Salmeron
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain (S.O.); (M.B.-A.)
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Yang WJ, Yoon JY. Dental trauma trends in emergency care:a comparative analysis before, during, and after COVID-19. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 49:339-346. [PMID: 38155087 PMCID: PMC10761316 DOI: 10.5125/jkaoms.2023.49.6.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This analysis details the characteristics of dental trauma in South Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (DC) pandemic and compares them in patients before and after COVID-19 (BC and AC, respectively). Materials and Methods Data were collected from medical records of patients who visited Seoul National University Bundang Hospital's Emergency Dental Care Center during three 12-month periods: BC, DC, and AC (BC from March 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020; DC from March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021; AC from March 1, 2022 to February 28, 2023). A retrospective review was conducted to investigate patient age, sex, time of visit, cause, and diagnosis. The study included 1,544 patients: 660 BC, 374 DC, and 510 AC. Results Significant difference in age and sex was not observed among the three periods; 1-9 years of age was the largest group (38.3% in BC, 29.6% in DC, and 27.8% in AC), and the percentage of male patients was greater than of female patients (male proportion as 63.5% in BC, 67.4% in DC, and 64.9% in AC). The number of patients generally peaked at a Saturday night in spring (for BC: May, Saturday, 18:00-19:59; for DC: March, Saturday, 18:00-19:59; for AC: April as the second most (October as the most peaked), Saturday, 20:00-21:59). The primary etiology of the dental trauma was identical in the three periods: falls, followed by sports. The most frequent diagnosis was laceration, followed by tooth avulsion and jaw fracture. Conclusion Significant differences were not found between the characteristics and patterns of dental trauma in the BC, DC, and AC periods. However, due to the pandemic and social distancing, activities decreased and associated dental trauma-related incidents declined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jung Yang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Yoon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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10
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Samur Erguven S, Topsakal KG. Are Social Media Platforms Appropriate Sources of Information for Patients Regarding the Topic of Facial Trauma? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 81:1270-1278. [PMID: 37391172 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet technologies have made a wide variety of information available to the public. Social media platforms (SMPs) can also be used as a source of information for patients seeking health care information. However, the quality of health information on SMPs is not clear and standardized. PURPOSE To evaluate the content, reliability, and quality levels of videos reporting on facial trauma on a SMP (YouTube [Google LLC, San Bruno, California]) regarding patients' information. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE This was a cross-sectional study, and the sample is composed of videos found on a SMP based on searching the keyword "facial trauma." English-language videos with acceptable audiovisual quality and content related to facial trauma were included in the study. PREDICTOR VARIABLE The descriptive features such as number of views, number of likes, number of comments, video duration, date of uploading, and the demographic features such as source and uploader were recorded. MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLES The primary outcome variable was content level. Secondary outcome variables were reliability and quality levels measured by DISCERN and Global Quality Scale. COVARIATES The name and uniform resource locator of the videos were recorded as additional data. ANALYSES The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare low-content and high-content videos with a significance level of P < .05. The Kappa test was used to assess the inter-rater reliability. RESULTS The sample was composed of 50 videos that met study's inclusion. The mean total content score for the videos was 2.87 (range: 0 to 7), with 64% of all videos (n = 32) classified as low-content. The reliability and quality levels of videos classified as high-content were significantly superior (P < .001). In addition, the video duration was significantly higher in the high-content videos (P = .045). High-content videos were uploaded by health care professionals with a ratio of 39%, and the sources of these videos were predominantly oral and maxillofacial surgeons; however, low-content videos were mostly uploaded by clinics (75%), with the sources of these videos predominantly laypersons. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Given the generally low content, reliability, and quality of online videos regarding facial trauma, clinicians should be cautious in recommending or referring patients to SMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Samur Erguven
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye.
| | - Kubra Gulnur Topsakal
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye
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11
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Yeoh M, Lai JB, Ng CH. Learning from Covid 19 in a level 1 oral and maxillofacial trauma centre - Insights for the future. JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, MEDICINE, AND PATHOLOGY 2023; 35:195-200. [PMID: 36168323 PMCID: PMC9502433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 has resulted in many confirmed cases around the world. Sars-CoV-2 remains viable and infectious in aerosols dispersed in air and is viable on surfaces up to several days. Symptomatic patients are the main reservoir for transmission. Evidence suggests that asymptomatic patients and patients during their incubation period can shed and transmit Sars-CoV-2. The infective potential can be reduced through the use of personal protective equipment. Healthcare professionals especially the oral maxillofacial surgeons are at increased risk of being infected by the virus. Oral maxillofacial injuries typically involve vital structures in the upper aerodigestive tract and are emergent. Facial trauma surgery cannot be delayed or deferred in a pandemic. This review focuses on precautions surgeons should adopt while managing facial trauma patients in the emergency department and whilst performing emergency surgeries on these patients during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Strict and effective infection control protocols for facial trauma management are needed to minimise this risk of transmission. This review was part of the lecture given by Professor Melvyn Yeoh at the 14th Asian congress on Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery recently held virtually in Singapore due to the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvyn Yeoh
- Division Chief of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, USA
| | - Juen Bin Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The National Dental Centre, Singapore
| | - Chee-Hon Ng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Novena Medical Centre, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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12
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Kim JH, Yang CE, Kim SW, Kim J. Epidemiologic Changes of Facial Bone Fracture before and after Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Level 1 Trauma Center in Korea. Arch Plast Surg 2023; 50:37-41. [PMID: 36755643 PMCID: PMC9902098 DOI: 10.1055/a-1950-4420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has had a major impact worldwide. Several countries have implemented restrictions on social interaction ("social distancing"). Several studies have reported that the epidemiology of trauma patients, such as those with facial bone fractures, has changed after COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to further explore these specific changes. Methods This was a retrospective study of patients who presented to a single institution with facial bone fractures between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020. Baseline patient demographics, clinical information, type of fracture, etiology, and operative management were compared before and after COVID-19. Results Of all cases, 3,409 occurred before COVID-19, and 602 occurred after COVID-19. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of patients with facial fractures has not decreased significantly. A significant increase was noted in fractures that occurred outdoors ( p < 0.001). However, a decrease was observed in operative management between the groups ( p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the proportion of assault, fall-down, industrial accident, or roll-down. In contrast, the proportion of traffic accidents and slip-down categories increased significantly ( p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant decrease was found in the proportion of the sports category ( p = 0.001) Conclusions It was confirmed through this study that COVID-19 pandemic also affected epidemiology of facial fractures. Focusing on these changes, it is necessary to develop safety measures to reduce facial fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ho Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Eun Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug Won Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiye Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea,Address for correspondence Jiye Kim, MD, PhD Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University20, Ilsan-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26384Republic of Korea
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13
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Facial Trauma Management During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:955-958. [PMID: 36727751 PMCID: PMC10128424 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Facial trauma is managed with open or closed treatment modalities; however, the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on facial trauma management remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the management of facial trauma varied during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN SETTING, PARTICIPANTS A retrospective review of 127 adults at The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center at the University of Maryland between March 2019 and March 2021. Adults were stratified into pre-COVID (before March 2020) and post-COVID groups. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Open reduction internal fixation alone, maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) alone, Open reduction internal fixation and MMF, and closed reduction. RESULTS Of the 127 patients, 66 were treated pre-COVID (52%) and 61 post-COVID (48%). While the prevalence of mandible fractures did not differ (pre-COVID, n = 39, 59%; post-COVID, n = 42, 69%; P = 0.33), the use of MMF alone decreased (pre-COVID, n = 9, 23%; post-COVID, n = 1, 2%; P = 0.005). In contrast, while the prevalence of displaced nasal bone fractures decreased (pre-COVID, n = 21, 32%; post-COVID, n = 4, 7%; P = 0.0007), management with closed reduction did not differ (pre-COVID, n = 23, 96%; post-COVID, n = 11, 85%; P = 0.27). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Although the clinical characteristics of patients with facial fractures did not differ during the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of MMF for mandible fractures changed significantly. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Sharifi F, Samieirad S, Grillo R, Da Graça Naclério-Homem M, Bardideh E, Manafi A, Mohammadi Z, Eshghpour M. The Causes and Prevalence of Maxillofacial Fractures in Iran: A Systematic Review. World J Plast Surg 2023; 12:1-11. [PMID: 37220578 PMCID: PMC10200082 DOI: 10.52547/wjps.12.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maxillofacial fractures are a common type of injury that can result in significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to systematically review the literature on the prevalence and causes of maxillofacial fractures in Iran to estimate the overall prevalence of maxillofacial fractures and the most common causes. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (WS) and Google Scholar (GS) electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant articles published up to January 2023. Studies reporting the prevalence and causes of maxillofacial fractures in Iran were included in the analysis. MOOSE guidelines were adopted for the current systematic review. No data or language restriction were applied. Risk of bias across the articles was assessed. Results A total of 32 studies comprising 35,720 patients were included in the analysis. The most common cause of maxillofacial fractures was road traffic accidents (RTAs), accounting for 68.97% of all cases, followed by falls (12.62%) and interpersonal violence (9.03%). The prevalence of maxillofacial fractures was higher in males (81.04%) and in the age group of 21-30 years (43.23%). Risk of bias across studies was considered low. Conclusion Maxillofacial fractures are a significant public health problem in Iran, with a high prevalence and RTAs being the leading cause. These results highlight the need for increased efforts to prevent maxillofacial fractures in Iran, especially through measures to reduce the incidence of RTAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Sharifi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sahand Samieirad
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ricardo Grillo
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Traumatology and Prosthesis, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculdade Patos de Minas, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Erfan Bardideh
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Manafi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadi
- Department of Medical education, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Eshghpour
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Dagi AF, Parry GJ, Labow BI, Taghinia AH. Trends in Pediatric Head and Facial Trauma During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:e1-e6. [PMID: 35864579 PMCID: PMC9793995 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000008776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effect of physical-distancing policies and school closures on pediatric health has been a topic of major concern in the United States during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The objective of this study was to assess the immediate impact of these public policies on patterns of head and facial trauma in the pediatric population. MATERIALS AND METHOD The Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) was queried to identify patient encounters at 46 children's hospitals across the United States in 2016-2020. Encounters were included if resultant in ICD-10 diagnosis for head or facial trauma in a child under 18 between April 1 and June 30 in 2020 (first COVID-19 school closures) and during the same period in the previous 4 years (for comparison). RESULTS A total of 170,832 patient encounters for pediatric head and facial trauma were recorded during the study period, including 28,030 (16.4%) in 2020 and 142,802 (83.6%) in 2016-2019. Patient encounters declined significantly in 2020 among children of all age groups relative to previous years. Relative reductions were greatest in children aged 11 to 17 (middle/high school) and 6 to 10 (elementary school), at -34.6% (95% confidence interval: -23.6%, -44%; P <0.001) and -27.7% (95% confidence interval: -18.4%, -36%; P <0.001). Variation in relative reductions by race/ethnicity, sex, and rural/urban status were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Physical-distancing policies and school closures at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic correlated with significant reductions in pediatric head and facial trauma patient encounters. As in-person activities resume, reductions in head and facial trauma during the pandemic may indicate a range of possible preventable injuries in the future.
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16
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Samieirad S, Bagheri Shirvan S, Grillo R, Shooshtari Z, Hosseini Abrishami M, Eshghpour M, Molaei M, Manafi A. The Effect of Covid-19-Related Social Distancing Restrictions on Maxillofacial Fractures Epidemiology. World J Plast Surg 2023; 12:73-82. [PMID: 38226200 PMCID: PMC10788111 DOI: 10.61186/wjps.12.3.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the changes in maxillofacial fracture epidemiology and etiology regarding Covid-19-related social distancing restrictions in an Iranian population. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken in six major trauma center hospitals in Iran in a period of two years (March 2018 until March 2020). The primary outcome variable was the maxillofacial fractures incidence. Patients' demographic data, date of injury as well as fracture characteristics, fracture etiology, type, and site were all recorded, compared, and analyzed in the control and experimental groups. Results The patients consisted of 520 (83.6%) males and 102 (16.4%) females. Patients sustaining maxillofacial fractures over this two-year period displayed a mean age of 31.24±14.44, with an age range of 2 to 88 years. The incidence of maxillofacial fractures significantly decreased in all age groups (p<0.001). After social distancing restrictions were placed; there was a significant drop in the number of subjects attending due to motorcycle collisions and road traffic accidents, whereas the number of fractures caused by assaults and domestic violence significantly increased (p<0.001 for each). Conclusion The investigators realized that social distancing restrictions were able to change the trends and patterns in maxillofacial fracture incidence and etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahand Samieirad
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Siavash Bagheri Shirvan
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ricardo Grillo
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Traumatology and Prosthesis, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zahra Shooshtari
- Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Hosseini Abrishami
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Eshghpour
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Melika Molaei
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Manafi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Ferragina F, Barca I, Sorrentino A, Kallaverja E, Piloni S, Arrotta A, Cristofaro MG. Effect of COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on Maxillofacial Trauma Related to Domestic Violence: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1463. [PMID: 36294899 PMCID: PMC9604664 DOI: 10.3390/life12101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This retrospective study aims to identify the potential reasons for the increase in maxillofacial trauma from domestic violence in the first COVID-19 lockdown and propose some strategies that could be effective in fighting it during any future pandemic events. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on patients with maxillofacial trauma who arrived at the Maxillofacial Unit of the Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro from 9 March to 3 May 2020, who were compared with those registered in the same period in 2019. Inclusion criteria were: patients of both sexes and admission diagnosed with maxillofacial trauma with or without bone fracture. Exclusion criteria were: patients less than 7 years of age, maxillofacial trauma that occurred outside the established period, and patients unconscious or with unclear clinical history. Patients were divided into two groups according to the mechanism of injury (MOI): “domestic” and “non-domestic” trauma. Both descriptive and regressive statistical analysis was conducted using a Student’s t-test with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: The total number of maxillofacial fractures in 2020 was similar to 2019 (31 pcs in 2020 vs. 38 pcs in 2019). Before the lockdown, most of the trauma occurred in non-domestic settings (25% in 2020 vs. 76.67% in 2019), especially in road accidents (4.17% in 2020 vs. 20% in 2019). During the lockdown, most of the trauma occurred in a domestic setting (75% in 2020 vs. 23.33% in 2019), especially interpersonal violence (31.58% in 2020 vs. 14.28% in 2019). There were 7 cases of interpersonal violence recorded in 2020 (1 male and 6 female), compared to only one case (female) recorded in 2019, with a statistically significant p-Value (0.0475). Conclusions: The first COVID-19 lockdown has provided the opportunity to study the aetiology of domestic trauma due to interpersonal violence attributable to economic and social problems, all of which were aggravated by the impediment to requesting help due to the difficulty of contacting the services and the general slowdown in the ways out of violence. The analysis conducted and compared with data in the literature suggests the adoption of a proactive (and non-reactive) approach to combat domestic violence during pandemic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ferragina
- Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ida Barca
- Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alfonso Sorrentino
- Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Hospital of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Elvis Kallaverja
- Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sara Piloni
- Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Hospital of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maria Giulia Cristofaro
- Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Giovanditto F, Soma D, Vaira LA, Pispero A, Lombardi N, Ristoldo F, Mariani U, Pizzi S, Isola A, Smania P, Albanese M, D'Agostino A, Appendino P, Scatà E, Raho MT, Gobbi R, Carta E, Massarelli O, Lumbau A, Spano G, De Riu G. Recommendations for a safe restart of elective aerosol-generating oral surgery procedures following the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: An Italian multicenter study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2022; 50:462-467. [PMID: 35430134 PMCID: PMC8889877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Among healthcare workers, oral and maxillofacial surgeons are some of the most exposed to coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The aim of this retrospective study was to develop suggestions for continuing the work of oral and maxillofacial surgeons using a safe protocol for elective and urgent aerosol-generating procedures that could prevent the onset of new clusters. Based on the results obtained and a guidelines review of those Asian countries that had promptly managed the current pandemic, the following safety protocol was developed:
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Giovanditto
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Damiano Soma
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Pispero
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò Lombardi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Mariani
- Department of Dentistry, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Silvia Pizzi
- Department of Dentistry, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Isola
- Department of Dentistry, Cittadella Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Albanese
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Agostino
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Appendino
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Corso Turati 62, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Ernesto Scatà
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Corso Turati 62, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Raho
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Gobbi
- Department of Dentistry, AUSL Della Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Elena Carta
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Olindo Massarelli
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Aurea Lumbau
- Department of Dentistry, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spano
- Department of Dentistry, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giacomo De Riu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
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A Multicentric Prospective Study on Maxillofacial Trauma Due to Road Traffic Accidents. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 33:1057-1062. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000008440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Beiter K, Hayden E, Phillippi S, Conrad E, Hunt J. Violent trauma as an indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review of hospital reported trauma. Am J Surg 2021; 222:922-932. [PMID: 34148669 PMCID: PMC8129999 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated many social conditions associated with violence. The objective of this systematic review was to examine trends in hospital reported violent trauma associated with the pandemic. METHODS Databases were searched in using terms "trauma" or "violence" and "COVID-19," yielding 4,473 records (2,194 de-duplicated). Exclusion criteria included non-hospital based studies and studies not reporting on violent trauma. 44 studies were included in the final review. RESULTS Most studies reported no change in violent trauma incidence. Studies predominately assessed trends with violent trauma as a proportion of all trauma. All studies demonstrating an increase in violent trauma were located in the United States. CONCLUSIONS A disproportionate rise in violence has been reported within the US. However, most studies examined violent trauma as a proportion of all trauma; results may reflect relative changes from lockdowns. Future studies should examine rates of violent trauma to provide additional context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin Beiter
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States.
| | - Ellery Hayden
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States
| | | | - Erich Conrad
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States
| | - John Hunt
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States
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21
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on maxillofacial trauma etiology. MARMARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.5472/marumj.1012413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Massarelli O, Vaira LA, De Riu G. A new aesthetic pretrichial approach for upper third-facial fractures and pathologies: The "Crown incision". J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2021; 75:788-796. [PMID: 34789433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronal incision represents the cornerstone for the treatment of upper-third maxillofacial pathologies. However, this approach leaves long scars that in numerous patients, it can cause extensive surrounding alopecia and sensory skin deficits. This clinical evidence prompted the authors to propose a full pretrichial incision, the crown incision, in order to overcome these drawbacks. METHODS A retrospective study was performed to investigate and report the aesthetic and functional outcomes of 15 patients treated with this new approach. RESULTS In the postoperative period, no major or minor complications were detected. The aesthetic evaluation of the scar by the operator and the patient showed overlapping results. The overall rating was 2.93 for the patient and 2.87 for the surgeon, on a scale from 0 (as normal skin) to 10 (very different from normal skin). The recovery of sensitivity in the innervation territories of the supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves was found to be complete in 14 patients. In one case, the sharp/blunt discriminative sensitivity was absent in all three points assessed. CONCLUSIONS This study showed the crown incision to be a safe approach with an optimal recovery of scalp sensitivity and excellent aesthetic results even in bald patients. Therefore, it can be considered a valid aesthetic and effective alternative to the classic coronal approach and should form part of the craniomaxillofacial surgical armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olindo Massarelli
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giacomo De Riu
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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23
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Lee DW, Choi SY, Kim JW, Kwon TG, Lee ST. The impact of COVID-19 on the injury pattern for maxillofacial fracture in Daegu city, South Korea. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 43:35. [PMID: 34515891 PMCID: PMC8436019 DOI: 10.1186/s40902-021-00322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on oral and maxillofacial fracture in Daegu by comparing the demographic data in 2019 and 2020, retrospectively. We collected data from all patients having trauma who visited the emergency room for oral and maxillofacial fractures. Methods This retrospective study was based on chart review of patients who visited the emergency department of Kyungpook National University Hospital in Daegu, South Korea from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. We conducted a comparative study for patients who presented with maxillofacial fractures with occlusal instability during pre-COVID-19 era (2019) and COVID-19 era (2000) with demographics and pattern of injuries. Results After the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of monthly oral and maxillofacial fractures, especially sports-related oral and maxillofacial fractures, decreased significantly. Also, the number of alcohol-related fractures increased significantly. In addition, as the number of monthly confirmed cases of COVID-19 increases, the incidence of fracture among these cases tends to decrease. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the daily life in Korea. Identifying the characteristics of patients having trauma can provide a good lead to understand this long-lasting infectious disease and prepare for future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Woo Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Geon Kwon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tak Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Kün-Darbois JD, Kahn A, Khonsari RH, Gueutier A, Baldini N, Corre P, Bertin H, Provost M, Lesclous P, Ansidei CM, Majoufre C, Louvrier A, Meyer C, Ammari H, Rougeot A, Moret A, Poisbleau D, Nicot R, Marti-Flich L, Ferri J, Lutz JC, Prevost R, Kimakhe J, Poulet V, Lauwers F, Veyssière A, Bénateau H, Pham Dang N, Barthelemy I, Foletti JM, Chossegros C, Queiros C, Laure B, Paré A, de Boutray M. Significant decrease of facial cellulitis admissions during COVID-19 lockdown in France: A multicentric comparative study. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2021; 123:16-21. [PMID: 33596475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
During the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, a lockdown was imposed in France during the first wave. An apparent decrease in incidence of cellulitis of odontogenic origin was noticed then. This study aimed to compare the incidence of cellulitis during this extraordinary period with the same period in 2018 and 2019, based on retrospective multicentric data. All maxillofacial surgery departments in French public hospitals were contacted. Responders were asked to include all patients admitted for the surgical drainage of a head and neck abscess of odontogenic origin during the first 2020 lockdown period, and in a similar time frame in 2018 and 2019 (control group), based on screening the French diagnostic and therapeutic classification of medical acts. We report a 44% significant nationwide decrease in the incidence of admissions for cellulitis. There were 187 patients in 2020 for 334 and 333 patients in 2018/2019 respectively. The reasons to explain this finding are hypothetical (organizational reasons leading to earlier management, patients' fear to seek for medical management, usual excess in surgical indications or concomitant decrease of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs delivery). Whatever the explanation, it would be of great interest to find it out in order to improve the prevention of cellulitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Kün-Darbois
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.
| | - A Kahn
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - R H Khonsari
- Department of Maxillo-facial and Plastic surgery, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - A Gueutier
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - N Baldini
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - P Corre
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - H Bertin
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - M Provost
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; Department of Oral surgery, Centre de soins dentaires, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - P Lesclous
- Department of Oral surgery, Centre de soins dentaires, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - C M Ansidei
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Majoufre
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Louvrier
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - C Meyer
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - H Ammari
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Félix Guyon Hospital, La Réunion University Hospital, Saint-Denis, France
| | - A Rougeot
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Félix Guyon Hospital, La Réunion University Hospital, Saint-Denis, France
| | - A Moret
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery and Stomatology, Aix Hospital Centre, Aix-En-Provence, France
| | - D Poisbleau
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery and Plastic surgery, Grenobles University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - R Nicot
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - L Marti-Flich
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - J Ferri
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial surgery, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - J C Lutz
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery and Stomatology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - R Prevost
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, La Rochelle, Ré, Aunis Hospital, La Rochelle, France
| | - J Kimakhe
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery and Stomatology, Vendée Hospital Centre, La Roche Sur Yon, France
| | - V Poulet
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - F Lauwers
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - A Veyssière
- Department of Maxillo-facial and Plastic surgery, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - H Bénateau
- Department of Maxillo-facial and Plastic surgery, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - N Pham Dang
- Department of Maxillo-facial and Plastic surgery, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - I Barthelemy
- Department of Maxillo-facial and Plastic surgery, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - J M Foletti
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Marseille University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - C Chossegros
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Marseille University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - C Queiros
- Department of Maxillo-facial and Plastic surgery, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - B Laure
- Department of Maxillo-facial and Plastic surgery, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - A Paré
- Department of Maxillo-facial and Plastic surgery, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - M de Boutray
- Department of Maxillo-facial surgery, Gui de Chauliac University Hospital Centre, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
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25
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Balaji SM. Emergency Maxillofacial Procedures for COVID-Positive Patients. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2020; 10:285-286. [PMID: 33708568 PMCID: PMC7943985 DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_451_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S M Balaji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Balaji Dental and Craniofacial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
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