1
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Guffens L, Derua R, Janssens V. PME-1 sensitizes glioblastoma cells to oxidative stress-induced cell death by attenuating PP2A-B55α-mediated inactivation of MAPKAPK2-RIPK1 signaling. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:265. [PMID: 37500619 PMCID: PMC10374899 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. Current standard therapy is surgery followed by radiotherapy, with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy. GBM is characterized by almost uniformly fatal outcomes, highlighting the unmet clinical need for more efficient, biomarker-guided treatments. Protein phosphatase methylesterase-1 (PME-1), a regulator of the tumor suppressive phosphatase PP2A, promotes PP2A demethylation and inactivation, and is overexpressed in 44% of GBM, associated with increased tumor grade and cellular proliferation. Here, we aimed to investigate how reactive oxygen species (ROS), a frequent by-product of radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy, regulate PP2A function via its methylesterase PME-1, and how PME-1 overexpression impacts the response of GBM cells to oxidative stress. We found that in two glioblastoma cell lines, U87MG and U251MG, expression of PME-1 is positively correlated with the sensitivity of the cells to H2O2 or t-BHP-induced oxidative stress. Experiments using the irreversible pharmacologic PME-1 inhibitor, AMZ30, and different PME-1 mutants, revealed that the methylesterase function, the PP2A binding capacity, and the nuclear localization of PME-1 are all important for the sensitizing effect of PME-1 expression. Furthermore, we identified increased nuclear localization of the PP2A-B55α subunit, increased binding of PP2A-B55α to PME-1, and increased B55α-bound PP2A-C demethylation upon oxidative stress. Lastly, we uncovered increased stress-induced phosphorylation and activity of MAPKAPK2 and RIPK1 in PME-1 overexpressing U87MG cells, which caused the observed sensitization to t-BHP treatment. Our data reveal a novel role for PME-1 in oxidative stress-induced GBM cell death, regulating nuclear PP2A-B55α activity and MAPKAPK2-RIPK1 signaling. Patients with GBM tumors overexpressing PME-1, although having a worse prognosis due to increased cellular proliferation of the tumor, could actually be more responsive to oxidative stress-inducing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Guffens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita Derua
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- SyBioMa, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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2
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Kashani E, Vassella E. Pleiotropy of PP2A Phosphatases in Cancer with a Focus on Glioblastoma IDH Wildtype. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5227. [PMID: 36358647 PMCID: PMC9654311 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine/Threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a heterotrimeric (or occasionally, heterodimeric) phosphatase with pleiotropic functions and ubiquitous expression. Despite the fact that they all contribute to protein dephosphorylation, multiple PP2A complexes exist which differ considerably by their subcellular localization and their substrate specificity, suggesting diverse PP2A functions. PP2A complex formation is tightly regulated by means of gene expression regulation by transcription factors, microRNAs, and post-translational modifications. Furthermore, a constant competition between PP2A regulatory subunits is taking place dynamically and depending on the spatiotemporal circumstance; many of the integral subunits can outcompete the rest, subjecting them to proteolysis. PP2A modulation is especially important in the context of brain tumors due to its ability to modulate distinct glioma-promoting signal transduction pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Ras, NF-κb, etc. Furthermore, PP2A is also implicated in DNA repair and survival pathways that are activated upon treatment of glioma cells with chemo-radiation. Depending on the cancer cell type, preclinical studies have shown some promise in utilising PP2A activator or PP2A inhibitors to overcome therapy resistance. This review has a special focus on "glioblastoma, IDH wild-type" (GBM) tumors, for which the therapy options have limited efficacy, and tumor relapse is inevitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Kashani
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Erik Vassella
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
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3
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Liu Y, Ma J, Song JS, Zhou HY, Li JH, Luo C, Geng X, Zhao HX. DNA topoisomerase II alpha promotes the metastatic characteristics of glioma cells by transcriptionally activating β-catenin. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2207-2216. [PMID: 35012441 PMCID: PMC8974225 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2023985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) reportedly plays a crucial role in several cancers, however, the precise regulatory role of TOP2A in metastatic characteristics of glioma is still poorly understood. Herein, we sought to elucidate the mechanisms by which TOP2A affects the metastatic phenotypes of glioma. We observed that a high level of TOP2A expression was dramatically linked with inferior survival in glioma patients while silencing of TOP2A impaired glioma cell proliferation and aggressiveness. TOP2A was found to directly interact with β-catenin and facilitated its translocation into the nucleus. Mechanistically, TOP2A effectively induced glioma cell growth and invasion in a β-catenin-dependent manner. Overall, we pinpoint TOP2A as a critical activator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in glioma, promoting cell growth, migration, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department II of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department II of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiu-Shan Song
- Pediatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhou
- Department II of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Hui Li
- Department II of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Department II of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Geng
- Department II of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - He-Xiang Zhao
- Department II of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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4
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Cancer stem cell phosphatases. Biochem J 2021; 478:2899-2920. [PMID: 34319405 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in the initiation and progression of human malignancies by enabling cancer tissue self-renewal capacity and constituting the therapy-resistant population of tumor cells. However, despite the exhausting characterization of CSC genetics, epigenetics, and kinase signaling, eradication of CSCs remains an unattainable goal in most human malignancies. While phosphatases contribute equally with kinases to cellular phosphoregulation, our understanding of phosphatases in CSCs lags severely behind our knowledge about other CSC signaling mechanisms. Many cancer-relevant phosphatases have recently become druggable, indicating that further understanding of the CSC phosphatases might provide novel therapeutic opportunities. This review summarizes the current knowledge about fundamental, but yet poorly understood involvement of phosphatases in the regulation of major CSC signaling pathways. We also review the functional roles of phosphatases in CSC self-renewal, cancer progression, and therapy resistance; focusing particularly on hematological cancers and glioblastoma. We further discuss the small molecule targeting of CSC phosphatases and their therapeutic potential in cancer combination therapies.
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5
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Thapa C, Roivas P, Haataja T, Permi P, Pentikäinen U. The Interaction Mechanism of Intrinsically Disordered PP2A Inhibitor Proteins ARPP-16 and ARPP-19 With PP2A. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:650881. [PMID: 33842550 PMCID: PMC8032985 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.650881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity is critical for maintaining normal physiological cellular functions. PP2A is inhibited by endogenous inhibitor proteins in several pathological conditions including cancer. A PP2A inhibitor protein, ARPP-19, has recently been connected to several human cancer types. Accordingly, the knowledge about ARPP-19—PP2A inhibition mechanism is crucial for the understanding the disease development and the therapeutic targeting of ARPP-19—PP2A. Here, we show the first structural characterization of ARPP-19, and its splice variant ARPP-16 using NMR spectroscopy, and SAXS. The results reveal that both ARPP proteins are intrinsically disordered but contain transient secondary structure elements. The interaction mechanism of ARPP-16/19 with PP2A was investigated using microscale thermophoresis and NMR spectroscopy. Our results suggest that ARPP—PP2A A-subunit interaction is mediated by linear motif and has modest affinity whereas, the interaction of ARPPs with B56-subunit is weak and transient. Like many IDPs, ARPPs are promiscuous binders that transiently interact with PP2A A- and B56 subunits using multiple interaction motifs. In summary, our results provide a good starting point for future studies and development of therapeutics that block ARPP-PP2A interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Thapa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku BioScience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Roivas
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku BioScience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tatu Haataja
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku BioScience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Perttu Permi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.,Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Ulla Pentikäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku BioScience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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6
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Thapa CJ, Haataja T, Pentikäinen U, Permi P. 1H, 13C and 15N NMR chemical shift assignments of cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein-19 and -16 (ARPP-19 and ARPP-16). BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2020; 14:227-231. [PMID: 32468417 PMCID: PMC7462833 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-020-09951-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein Phosphatase 2A, PP2A, the principal Serine/threonine phosphatase, has major roles in broad range of signaling pathways that include regulation of cell cycle, cell proliferation and neuronal signaling. The loss of function of PP2A is linked with many human diseases, like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) functions as tumor suppressor and its tumor suppressor activity is inhibited by the overexpression of PP2A inhibitor proteins in most of the cancers. ARPP-19/ARPP-16 has been identified as one of the potential PP2A inhibitor proteins. Here, we report the resonance assignment of backbone 1H, 13C and 15N atoms of human ARPP-19 and ARPP-16 proteins. These chemical shift values can provide valuable information for the further study of the dynamics and interaction of ARPP-proteins to PP2A using NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan J Thapa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Tatu Haataja
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Ulla Pentikäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Perttu Permi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
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7
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Gao X, Lu C, Chen C, Sun K, Liang Q, Shuai J, Wang X, Xu Y. ARPP-19 Mediates Herceptin Resistance via Regulation of CD44 in Gastric Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6629-6643. [PMID: 32753897 PMCID: PMC7354958 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose As the first-line drug for treatment of HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer (GC), Herceptin exhibits significant therapeutic efficacy. However, acquired resistance of Herceptin limits the therapeutic benefit of gastric cancer patients, in which the molecular mechanisms remain to be further determined. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the mRNA levels of ARPP-19 and CD44 in GC cells. Protein levels were determined using Western blot and IHC staining. MTT and soft agar colony formation assays were used to measure cell proliferation. Xenograft model was established to verify the functional role of ARPP-19 in Herceptin resistance in vivo. Sphere formation assay was conducted to determine cell stemness. Results We observed ARPP-19 was up-regulated in Herceptin resistance gastric cancer cells NCI-N87-HR and MKN45-HR. The forced expression of ARPP-19 promoted, whereas the silencing of ARPP-19 impaired Herceptin resistance of HER2-positive gastric cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, ARPP-19 significantly enhanced the sphere formation capacity and CD44 expression, CD44 was also a positive factor of Herceptin resistance in HER2-positive gastric cancer cells. In addition, high level of ARPP-19 was positively associated with Herceptin resistance and poor survival rate of gastric cancer patients. Conclusion We have demonstrated that ARPP-19 promoted Herceptin resistance of gastric cancer via up-regulation of CD44, our study suggested that ARPP-19 could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic candidate for HER2-positive gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Changwen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixin Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Shuai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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8
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Wang D, Yang T, Liu J, Liu Y, Xing N, He J, Yang J, Ai Y. Propofol Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Glioma Cells by Blocking the PI3K/AKT Pathway Through miR-206/ROCK1 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:361-370. [PMID: 32021281 PMCID: PMC6969687 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s232601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Propofol has been identified to perform anti-tumor functions in glioma. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying propofol-induced prevention on migration and invasion of glioma cells remain unclear. Methods Cell proliferation, invasion and migration were measured by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(−z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide assay and transwell assay, respectively. The expression of microRNA (miR)-206 and Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot was used to measure the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. The interaction between miR-206 and ROCK1 was analyzed using the dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, and pull-down assay. Results Propofol treatment inhibited the migration, invasion, and PI3K/AKT pathway activation in glioma cells. MiR-206 was decreased in glioma tissues and cells, while propofol exposure induced the upregulation of miR-206 in glioma cells. Besides that, we also found overexpressed miR-206 enhanced propofol-mediated inhibition on the migration, invasion, and PI3K/AKT pathway activation of glioma cells. Subsequently, ROCK1 was confirmed to be a target of miR-206. ROCK1 was elevated in glioma tissues and cells, but was reduced by propofol exposure in glioma cells. The rescue assay indicated that the miR-206/ROCK1 axis was involved in propofol-induced inhibition on the migration, invasion, and PI3K/AKT pathway activation in glioma cells. Conclusion Propofol inhibited the migration and invasion of glioma cells by blocking the PI3K/AKT pathway through the miR-206/ROCK1 axis, suggesting an effective clinical implication for the anesthetic to prevent the metastasis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Ai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
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9
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Ma Y, Liu Y, Pu YS, Cui ML, Mao ZJ, Li ZZ, He L, Wu M, Wang JH. LncRNA IGFL2-AS1 functions as a ceRNA in regulating ARPP19 through competitive binding to miR-802 in gastric cancer. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:311-322. [PMID: 31943339 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system worldwide. Multiple long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the regulation of GC development and metastasis. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the expression and function of lncRNA IGFL2-AS1 in GC. We found that IGFL2-AS1 was highly expressed in GC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of IGFL2-AS1 suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Furthermore, we identified that IGFL2-AS1 exerted its function as a molecular sponge of miR-802. MiR-802 was demonstrated to be a tumor suppressor, and overexpression of miR-802 suppressed GC cell growth, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, we revealed that the cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 19 (ARPP19) was a direct target of miR-802 and could reverse the inhibitory function of miR-802. Moreover, our results confirmed that knockdown of IGFL2-AS1 inhibited GC tumor development in an in vivo GC tumor xenograft model. In summary, our data suggest that the IGFL2-AS1/miR-802/ARPP19 axis plays a critical role in the progression and metastasis of GC. Therapies targeting the IGFL2-AS1/miR-802/ARPP19 axis can potentially improve GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Department of Pathology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Song Pu
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming-Liang Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Mao
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Li
- Department of Pathology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Wu
- Office of Scientific Research, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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10
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Merisaari J, Denisova OV, Doroszko M, Le Joncour V, Johansson P, Leenders WPJ, Kastrinsky DB, Zaware N, Narla G, Laakkonen P, Nelander S, Ohlmeyer M, Westermarck J. Monotherapy efficacy of blood-brain barrier permeable small molecule reactivators of protein phosphatase 2A in glioblastoma. Brain Commun 2020; 2:fcaa002. [PMID: 32954276 PMCID: PMC7425423 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a fatal disease in which most targeted therapies have clinically failed. However, pharmacological reactivation of tumour suppressors has not been thoroughly studied as yet as a glioblastoma therapeutic strategy. Tumour suppressor protein phosphatase 2A is inhibited by non-genetic mechanisms in glioblastoma, and thus, it would be potentially amendable for therapeutic reactivation. Here, we demonstrate that small molecule activators of protein phosphatase 2A, NZ-8-061 and DBK-1154, effectively cross the in vitro model of blood–brain barrier, and in vivo partition to mouse brain tissue after oral dosing. In vitro, small molecule activators of protein phosphatase 2A exhibit robust cell-killing activity against five established glioblastoma cell lines, and nine patient-derived primary glioma cell lines. Collectively, these cell lines have heterogeneous genetic background, kinase inhibitor resistance profile and stemness properties; and they represent different clinical glioblastoma subtypes. Moreover, small molecule activators of protein phosphatase 2A were found to be superior to a range of kinase inhibitors in their capacity to kill patient-derived primary glioma cells. Oral dosing of either of the small molecule activators of protein phosphatase 2A significantly reduced growth of infiltrative intracranial glioblastoma tumours. DBK-1154, with both higher degree of brain/blood distribution, and more potent in vitro activity against all tested glioblastoma cell lines, also significantly increased survival of mice bearing orthotopic glioblastoma xenografts. In summary, this report presents a proof-of-principle data for blood–brain barrier—permeable tumour suppressor reactivation therapy for glioblastoma cells of heterogenous molecular background. These results also provide the first indications that protein phosphatase 2A reactivation might be able to challenge the current paradigm in glioblastoma therapies which has been strongly focused on targeting specific genetically altered cancer drivers with highly specific inhibitors. Based on demonstrated role for protein phosphatase 2A inhibition in glioblastoma cell drug resistance, small molecule activators of protein phosphatase 2A may prove to be beneficial in future glioblastoma combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni Merisaari
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Oxana V Denisova
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Milena Doroszko
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Vadim Le Joncour
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Patrik Johansson
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - William P J Leenders
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands
| | - David B Kastrinsky
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Nilesh Zaware
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Goutham Narla
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5624, USA
| | - Pirjo Laakkonen
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.,Laboratory Animal Centre, Helsinki Institute of Life Science - HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Sven Nelander
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Michael Ohlmeyer
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Atux Iskay LLC, Plainsboro, NJ 08536, USA
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
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11
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Pippa R, Boffo S, Odero MD, Giordano A. Data mining analysis of the PP2A cell cycle axis in mesothelioma patients. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:5284-5292. [PMID: 31858592 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesothelioma is an aggressive tumor that affects thousands of people every year. The therapeutic options for patients are limited; hence, a better understanding of mesothelioma biology is crucial to improve patient survival. To find new molecular targets and therapeutic strategies related to the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) network, we analyzed the gene expression of known PP2A inhibitors in mesothelioma patient samples. Our analysis disclosed a general overexpression of all PP2A-negative regulators in mesothelioma patients. Moreover, the expression of ANP32E and CIP2A genes, increased in 16% and 11% of cases, positively correlates with the ones of all the other PP2A regulators and the ones of the main cyclins and CDKs, suggesting the existence of a feed-forward loop that might contribute to the mesothelioma progression via PP2A inactivation. Overall, our study indicates the existence of a strategic and targetable axis between PP2A inhibitors (ANP32E and CIP2A) and cell cycle regulators (cyclin B2/CDK1) and provides a valuable rationale for using a personalized combinational therapy approach to improve mesothelioma patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Pippa
- Hematology/Oncology Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvia Boffo
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maria D Odero
- University of Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biochemistry and Genetics Department, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medical Biotechnology University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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12
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Mäkelä E, Löyttyniemi E, Salmenniemi U, Kauko O, Varila T, Kairisto V, Itälä-Remes M, Westermarck J. Arpp19 Promotes Myc and Cip2a Expression and Associates with Patient Relapse in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111774. [PMID: 31717978 PMCID: PMC6895887 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease relapse from standard chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is poorly understood. The importance of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) as an AML tumor suppressor is emerging. Therefore, here, we examined the potential role of endogenous PP2A inhibitor proteins as biomarkers predicting AML relapse in a standard patient population by using three independent patient materials: cohort1 (n = 80), cohort2 (n = 48) and The Cancer Genome Atlas Acute Myeloid Leukemia (TCGA LAML) dataset (n = 160). Out of the examined PP2A inhibitors (CIP2A, SET, PME1, ARPP19 and TIPRL), expression of ARPP19 mRNA was found to be independent of the current AML risk classification. Functionally, ARPP19 promoted AML cell viability and expression of oncoproteins MYC, CDK1, and CIP2A. Clinically, ARPP19 mRNA expression was significantly lower at diagnosis (p = 0.035) in patients whose disease did not relapse after standard chemotherapy. ARPP19 was an independent predictor for relapse both in univariable (p = 0.007) and in multivariable analyses (p = 0.0001) and gave additive information to EVI1 expression and risk group status (additive effect, p = 0.005). Low ARPP19 expression was also associated with better patient outcome in the TCGA LAML cohort (p = 0.019). In addition, in matched patient samples from diagnosis, remission and relapse phases, ARPP19 expression was associated with disease activity (p = 0.034), indicating its potential usefulness as a minimal residual disease (MRD) marker. Together, these data demonstrate the oncogenic function of ARPP19 in AML and its risk group independent role in predicting AML patient relapse tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Mäkelä
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | | | - Urpu Salmenniemi
- Department of Hematology, Turku University Hospital (TYKS), 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Otto Kauko
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Taru Varila
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Veli Kairisto
- Central Laboratory, Turku University Hospital (TYKS), 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Maija Itälä-Remes
- Department of Hematology, Turku University Hospital (TYKS), 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +358-29-450-2880
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13
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Increased expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 indicates poor prognosis in glioma recurrence. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109369. [PMID: 31545229 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main characteristic of glioma is recurrence, even after intensive multidisciplinary treatment. Studies show that enhanced invasive ability will increase the ability of tumor cells to escape from the primary tumor mass, which is a key factor contributing to tumor relapse and recurrence. In this study, we assessed the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, two important matrix metallopeptidases that increase the invasive ability of glioma, and their suppressors, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 in glioma tissues from primary and recurrent glioma patients by immunohistochemistry. Glioma cells and nude mice were used for in vitro and in vivo studies. Results showed that the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in recurrent gliomas were significantly higher than those in primary gliomas (P = 3.075 × 10-11, P = 1.510 × 10-5, respectively). We also found that radiotherapy increased the expression of MMP-9, but had no effect on MMP-2 and TIMP-1/2. With glioma cell line U251, we found that irradiation increased the expression of MMP-9 in vitro. Tumor tissues from an orthotopic xenograft model showed that after irradiation treatment, the expression of MMP-9 increased significantly in vivo. We also found that knocking down MMP-9 decreased irradiation-induced invasion obviously. Above all, we concluded that higher expressions of MMP-2/-9 indicate poor prognosis in glioma recurrence. The increased expression of MMP-9 after radiotherapy suggests that MMP-9 might be an important target in the radiosensitization of glioma.
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Sun H, Yang B, Zhang H, Song J, Zhang Y, Xing J, Yang Z, Wei C, Xu T, Yu Z, Xu Z, Hou M, Ji M, Zhang Y. RRM2 is a potential prognostic biomarker with functional significance in glioma. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:533-543. [PMID: 30745840 PMCID: PMC6367584 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common brain tumors, suggesting the importance of investigating the molecular mechanism of gliomas. We studied the roles of Ribonucleotide Reductase Regulatory Subunit M2 (RRM2) in glioma. Expressions of RRM2 are higher in glioma tissues evidenced by TCGA data, western blot and immunohistochemistry. RRM2 is negatively correlated with glioma patient's survival. RNA-seq showed that genes involved in apoptosis, proliferation, cell adhesion and negative regulation of signaling were up-regulated upon RNAi-mediated knock-down of RRM2. Cell phenotypes specific for stably knocking down RRM2 were determined using stable transfection in vitro. In an in vivo model, knock-down of RRM2 inhibited tumor growth and caused suppression of AKT and ERK1/2 signalings. Interfering RRM2 also down-regulated the expression of cyclin A, cyclin B1, cyclin D1, Vimentin, and N-cadherin, and elevated E-cadherin expression. Moreover, overexpression of RRM2 failed to increase the expression of cyclin B1, cyclin D1, and N-cadherin when phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2 was suppressed by LY294002 or PD98059. These findings indicated that RRM2 is a positive regulator of glioma progression which contributes to the migration and proliferation of glioma cells through ERK1/2 and AKT signalings and might be a novel prognostic indicator for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Bingya Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jingwei Song
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Yenan Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jicheng Xing
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Bayi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Bayi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Changyong Wei
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tuoye Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, affiliated to Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhennan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, affiliated to Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Min Hou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Minjun Ji
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Yansong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, affiliated to Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
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15
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Chen C, Lei J, Zheng Q, Tan S, Ding K, Yu C. Poly(rC) binding protein 2 (PCBP2) promotes the viability of human gastric cancer cells by regulating CDK2. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:764-773. [PMID: 29744291 PMCID: PMC5929926 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival rates for patients with gastric cancer, especially the advanced form, remain poor and the development of targeted treatments is hampered by a lack of efficient biological targets. Poly(rC) binding protein 2 (PCBP2) is an RNA-binding protein that contributes to mRNA stabilization, translational silencing and enhancement and it has been implicated as a promoter of gastric cancer growth. In the present study, we demonstrated that the expression level of PCBP2 was higher in human gastric cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal gastric tissues. A high level of PCBP2 was correlated with worse postoperative relapse-free survival and overall survival rates of gastric cancer patients. Small hairpin RNA-mediated depletion of PCBP2 dramatically decreased the viability of gastric cancer cells. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) was positively regulated by PCBP2 via a direct 3' UTR binding pathway as determined using a ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation assay and a biotin pulldown assay. CDK2 mediated the promoting role of PCBP2. These results suggest that PCBP2 acts as an oncogene in human gastric cancer cells and that functionally depleting PCBP2 could be considered as a potential target for gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery) The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medicial University Hefei China
| | - Jun Lei
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery) The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medicial University Hefei China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery) The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medicial University Hefei China
| | - Sheng Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology School of Life Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Keshuo Ding
- Department of Pathology Anhui Medical University Hefei China
| | - Changjun Yu
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery) The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medicial University Hefei China
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16
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Yang BY, Song JW, Sun HZ, Xing JC, Yang ZH, Wei CY, Xu TY, Yu ZN, Zhang YN, Wang YF, Chang H, Xu ZP, Hou M, Ji MJ, Zhang YS. PSMB8 regulates glioma cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis through modulating ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:205-212. [PMID: 29428669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma has been considered as one of the most aggressive and popular brain tumors of patients. It is essential to explore the mechanism of glioma. In this study, we established PSMB8 as a therapeutic target for glioma treatment. Expression of PSMB8 as well as Ki-67 was higher in glioma tissues demonstrated by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Then, the role of PSMB8 in migration and proliferation of glioma cells was investigated by conducting wound-healing, trans-well assay, cell counting kit (CCK)-8, flow cytometry assay and colony formation analysis. The data showed that interfering PSMB8 may inhibit the migration and proliferation of glioma cells by reducing expression of cyclin A, cyclin B1, cyclin D1, Vimentin, and N-cadherin, and by increasing expression of E-cadherin. Additionally, interfering PSMB8 may induce apoptosis of glioma cells by upregulating caspase-3 expression. Furthermore, these in vitro findings were validated in vivo and the ERK1/2 and PI3k/AKT signaling pathways were involved in PSMB8-triggered migration and proliferation of glioma cells. In an in vivo model, downregulation of PSMB8 suppressed tumor growth. In conclusion, PSMB8 is closely associated with migration, proliferation, and apoptosis of glioma cells, and might be considered as a novel prognostic indicator in patients with gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Ya Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jing-Wei Song
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Hong-Zhi Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Bayi Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing University Of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Bayi Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing University Of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China
| | - Chang-Yong Wei
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tuo-Ye Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhen-Nan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ye-Nan Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Ying-Fan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Min Hou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Min-Jun Ji
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China.
| | - Yan-Song Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
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17
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Zhang J, Huang J, Wang X, Chen W, Tang Q, Fang M, Qian Y. CMIP is oncogenic in human gastric cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7277-7286. [PMID: 28944848 PMCID: PMC5865856 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Recurrence, metastasis and resistance to drug treatment are the main barrier to survival of patients with advanced stage gastric cancer. Further study of the molecular mechanisms involved will improve the therapeutic options for gastric cancer. In a previous study, c-Maf was discovered as an oncogene transduced in the avian AS42 retrovirus, and was found to be overexpressed in multiple myeloma and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. c-Maf inducing protein (CMIP) is involved in the c-Maf signaling pathway, which was reported to serve an important role in human minimal change nephrotic syndrome and in human reading and language related behavior. However, the relationship between CMIP and human gastric cancer has not yet been reported. In the present study, CMIP protein levels in gastric cancer tissues and cells were measured using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis; the expression of CMIP protein was significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal gastric tissues. Expression was positively associated with poorer clinical parameters, relapse-free survival and overall survival. Furthermore, using cell counting, Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing and Transwell assays, together with flow cytometry, CMIP depletion by RNA interference was observed to reduce the capacity of gastric cancer cells to proliferate and migrate in vitro. Furthermore, the upstream and downstream genes of CMIP were analyzed by luciferase reporter assay and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, which indicated that CMIP was a direct target of miR-101-3p. In addition, CMIP knockdown was observed to result in the downregulation of MDM2 and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression at the mRNA level. In conclusion, CMIP demonstrated an oncogenic role in human gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, microRNA-101-3p, MDM2 and MAPK were involved in the CMIP signaling pathway in gastric cancer. CMIP could be a novel target for further investigation in the clinical therapeutic management of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230011, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Qinqing Tang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Maoyong Fang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yeben Qian
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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Dupré AI, Haccard O, Jessus C. The greatwall kinase is dominant over PKA in controlling the antagonistic function of ARPP19 in Xenopus oocytes. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:1440-1452. [PMID: 28722544 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1338985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The small protein ARPP19 plays a dual role during oocyte meiosis resumption. In Xenopus, ARPP19 phosphorylation at S109 by PKA is necessary for maintaining oocytes arrested in prophase of the first meiotic division. Progesterone downregulates PKA, leading to the dephosphorylation of ARPP19 at S109. This initiates a transduction pathway ending with the activation of the universal inducer of M-phase, the kinase Cdk1. This last step depends on ARPP19 phosphorylation at S67 by the kinase Greatwall. Hence, phosphorylated by PKA at S109, ARPP19 restrains Cdk1 activation while when phosphorylated by Greatwall at S67, ARPP19 becomes an inducer of Cdk1 activation. Here, we investigate the functional interplay between S109 and S67-phosphorylations of ARPP19. We show that both PKA and Gwl phosphorylate ARPP19 independently of each other and that Cdk1 is not directly involved in regulating the biological activity of ARPP19. We also show that the phosphorylation of ARPP19 at S67 that activates Cdk1, is dominant over the inhibitory S109 phosphorylation. Therefore our results highlight the importance of timely synchronizing ARPP19 phosphorylations at S109 and S67 to fully activate Cdk1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude-Isabelle Dupré
- a Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie du développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (LBD - IBPS) , Paris , France
| | - Olivier Haccard
- a Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie du développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (LBD - IBPS) , Paris , France
| | - Catherine Jessus
- a Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Biologie du développement - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (LBD - IBPS) , Paris , France
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CMIP Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis in Human Glioma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5340160. [PMID: 28744466 PMCID: PMC5514325 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5340160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common primary malignant brain tumors and the outcomes are generally poor. The intrinsic mechanisms involved in glioma development and progression remain unclear. Further studies are urgent and necessary. In this study, we have proven that CMIP (C-Maf-inducing protein) promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in A172 cells through knockdown of CMIP and in U251 cells through overexpression of CMIP by using MTT assay, cell colony formation assay, cell migration assay, and cell invasion assay. Furthermore, we discovered that CMIP upregulates MDM2, which is involved in the promoting role of CMIP in human glioma cells. For clinical study, 99 glioma tissues and 59 normal tissues were analyzed. CMIP expression was higher in glioma tissues than in normal tissues. In glioma tissues, CMIP is found to correlate positively with tumor grade but no significant correlation is found with patients' age, gender, or Karnofsky performance score (KPS). Moreover, CMIP also correlates with low relapse-free survival (RFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate in glioma patients. Therefore, CMIP is oncogenic and could be a potential target for human glioma diagnosis and therapy.
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Zhao H, Ji B, Chen J, Huang Q, Lu X. Gpx 4 is involved in the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of glioma cells. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 213:626-633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the relationship between CD147 expression in tissues and the clinicopathological features of patients with glioma. We searched PubMed (1966-2016), EMBASE (1980-2016), Cochrane Library (1996-2016), Web of Science (1945-2016), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1982-2016), and Wan Fang databases (1988-2016). Quality assessment of the literature was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, with Revman 5.3 and Stata 14.0 for analysis. In total, 1806 glioma patients from 19 studies were included, and patients with CD147 overexpression had poorer overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.211, P < 0.0001], a higher risk of recurrence (HR = 2.20, P = 0.0025), and a lower 5-year survival rate [odds ratio (OR) 0.12; 95% CI 0.08-0.19; P < 0.00001]. We observed significant differences in CD147 expression when comparing glioma tissues versus non-cancerous brain tissues (OR 20.42; 95% CI 13.94-29.91; P < 0.00001), tumor grades III-IV versus grades I-II (OR 5.88, 95% CI 4.15-8.34; P < 0.00001), and large versus small tumors (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04-2.40; P = 0.03). We also observed a significant correlation with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 (OR 39.11, 95% CI 11.47-133.34; P < 0.00001) and MMP9 (OR 13.35, 95% CI 4.67-38.18; P < 0.00001). CD147 expression did not differ based on patient's age (young vs. old, P = 0.89) or gender (female vs. male, P = 0.57). CD147 expression may be a potential prognostic biomarker for poorer overall and relapse-free survival, and may affect the 5-year survival rate in glioma patients. CD147 expression is also closely correlated with poor clinical characteristics in glioma patients.
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