1
|
Shukla S, Deo BS, Vishwakarma C, Mishra S, Ahirwar S, Sah AN, Pandey K, Singh S, Prasad SN, Padhi AK, Pal M, Panigrahi PK, Pradhan A. A smartphone-based standalone fluorescence spectroscopy tool for cervical precancer diagnosis in clinical conditions. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300468. [PMID: 38494870 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Real-time prediction about the severity of noncommunicable diseases like cancers is a boon for early diagnosis and timely cure. Optical techniques due to their minimally invasive nature provide better alternatives in this context than the conventional techniques. The present study talks about a standalone, field portable smartphone-based device which can classify different grades of cervical cancer on the basis of the spectral differences captured in their intrinsic fluorescence spectra with the help of AI/ML technique. In this study, a total number of 75 patients and volunteers, from hospitals at different geographical locations of India, have been tested and classified with this device. A classification approach employing a hybrid mutual information long short-term memory model has been applied to categorize various subject groups, resulting in an average accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of 96.56%, 96.76%, and 94.37%, respectively using 10-fold cross-validation. This exploratory study demonstrates the potential of combining smartphone-based technology with fluorescence spectroscopy and artificial intelligence as a diagnostic screening approach which could enhance the detection and screening of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Shukla
- Center for Lasers and Photonics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhaswati Singha Deo
- Center for Lasers and Photonics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chaitanya Vishwakarma
- Center for Lasers and Photonics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subrata Mishra
- Center for Lasers and Photonics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shikha Ahirwar
- PhotoSpIMeDx Pvt. Ltd., Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amar Nath Sah
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Pandey
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, GSVM Medical College Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sweta Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AIIMS Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S N Prasad
- Radiation Oncology Department, J.K. Cancer Institute Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Padhi
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Research Centre, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Mayukha Pal
- ABB Ability Innovation Center, Asea Brown Boveri Company, Hyderabad, India
| | - Prasanta K Panigrahi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
- Centre for Quantum Science and Technology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Asima Pradhan
- Center for Lasers and Photonics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- PhotoSpIMeDx Pvt. Ltd., Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grygoryev K, Lu H, Sørensen S, Talebi Varnosfaderani O, Georgel R, Li L, Burke R, Andersson-Engels S. Miniature, multi-dichroic instrument for measuring the concentration of multiple fluorophores. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:2377-2391. [PMID: 38633072 PMCID: PMC11019676 DOI: 10.1364/boe.516574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Identification of tumour margins during resection of the brain is critical for improving the post-operative outcomes. Due to the highly infiltrative nature of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and limited intraoperative visualization of the tumour margin, incomplete surgical resection has been observed to occur in up to 80 % of GBM cases, leading to nearly universal tumour recurrence and overall poor prognosis of 14.6 months median survival. This research presents a miniaturized, SiPMT-based optical system for simultaneous measurement of powerful DRS and weak auto-fluorescence for brain tumour detection. The miniaturisation of the optical elements confined the spatial separation of eight select wavelengths into footprint measuring 1.5 × 2 × 16 mm. The small footprint enables this technology to be integrated with existing surgical guidance instruments in the operating room. It's dynamic ability to subtract any background illumination and measure signal intensities across a broad range from pW to mWs make this design much more suitable for clinical environments as compared to spectrometer-based systems with limited dynamic ranges and high integration times. Measurements using optical tissue phantoms containing mixed fluorophores demonstrate correlation coefficients between the fitted response and actual concentration using PLS regression being 0.95, 0.87 and 0.97 for NADH, FAD and PpIX , respectively. These promising results indicate that our proposed miniaturized instrument could serve as an effective alternative in operating rooms, assisting surgeons in identifying brain tumours to achieving positive surgical outcomes for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Huihui Lu
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
| | - Simon Sørensen
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Rachel Georgel
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
| | - Liyao Li
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ray Burke
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stefan Andersson-Engels
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Physics, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gautheron A, Bernstock JD, Picart T, Guyotat J, Valdés PA, Montcel B. 5-ALA induced PpIX fluorescence spectroscopy in neurosurgery: a review. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1310282. [PMID: 38348134 PMCID: PMC10859467 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1310282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The review begins with an overview of the fundamental principles/physics underlying light, fluorescence, and other light-matter interactions in biological tissues. It then focuses on 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence spectroscopy methods used in neurosurgery (e.g., intensity, time-resolved) and in so doing, describe their specific features (e.g., hardware requirements, main processing methods) as well as their strengths and limitations. Finally, we review current clinical applications and future directions of 5-ALA-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence spectroscopy in neurosurgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Gautheron
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, CNRS, Institut d Optique Graduate School, Laboratoire Hubert Curien UMR 5516, Saint-Étienne, France
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, Lyon, France
| | - J. D. Bernstock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - T. Picart
- Department of Neurosurgical Oncology and Vascular Neurosurgery, Pierre Wertheimer Neurological and Neurosurgical Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon, France
| | - J. Guyotat
- Department of Neurosurgical Oncology and Vascular Neurosurgery, Pierre Wertheimer Neurological and Neurosurgical Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - P. A. Valdés
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - B. Montcel
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arias A, Anastasopoulou M, Gorpas D, Ntziachristos V. Using reflectometry to minimize the dependence of fluorescence intensity on optical absorption and scattering. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:5499-5511. [PMID: 37854563 PMCID: PMC10581795 DOI: 10.1364/boe.496599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The total diffuse reflectance RT and the effective attenuation coefficient µeff of an optically diffuse medium map uniquely onto its absorption and reduced scattering coefficients. Using this premise, we developed a methodology where RT and the slope of the logarithmic spatially resolved reflectance, a quantity related to µeff, are the inputs of a look-up table to correct the dependence of fluorescent signals on the media's optical properties. This methodology does not require an estimation of the medium's optical property, avoiding elaborate simulations and their errors to offer accurate and fast corrections. The experimental demonstration of our method yielded a mean relative error in fluorophore concentrations of less than 4% over a wide range of optical property variations. We discuss how the method developed can be employed to improve image fidelity and fluorochrome quantification in fluorescence molecular imaging clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Arias
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Maria Anastasopoulou
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Dimitris Gorpas
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 81675, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Smith JT, Sinsuebphon N, Rudkouskaya A, Michalet X, Intes X, Barroso M. In vivo quantitative FRET small animal imaging: Intensity versus lifetime-based FRET. BIOPHYSICAL REPORTS 2023; 3:100110. [PMID: 37251213 PMCID: PMC10209493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpr.2023.100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy is used in numerous biophysical and biomedical applications to monitor inter- and intramolecular interactions and conformational changes in the 2-10 nm range. FRET is currently being extended to in vivo optical imaging, its main application being in quantifying drug-target engagement or drug release in animal models of cancer using organic dye or nanoparticle-labeled probes. Herein, we compared FRET quantification using intensity-based FRET (sensitized emission FRET analysis with the three-cube approach using an IVIS imager) and macroscopic fluorescence lifetime (MFLI) FRET using a custom system using a time-gated-intensified charge-coupled device, for small animal optical in vivo imaging. The analytical expressions and experimental protocols required to quantify the product f D E of the FRET efficiency E and the fraction of donor molecules involved in FRET, f D , are described in detail for both methodologies. Dynamic in vivo FRET quantification of transferrin receptor-transferrin binding was acquired in live intact nude mice upon intravenous injection of a near-infrared-labeled transferrin FRET pair and benchmarked against in vitro FRET using hybridized oligonucleotides. Even though both in vivo imaging techniques provided similar dynamic trends for receptor-ligand engagement, we demonstrate that MFLI-FRET has significant advantages. Whereas the sensitized emission FRET approach using the IVIS imager required nine measurements (six of which are used for calibration) acquired from three mice, MFLI-FRET needed only one measurement collected from a single mouse, although a control mouse might be needed in a more general situation. Based on our study, MFLI therefore represents the method of choice for longitudinal preclinical FRET studies such as that of targeted drug delivery in intact, live mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason T. Smith
- Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine (CeMSIM), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Nattawut Sinsuebphon
- Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine (CeMSIM), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Alena Rudkouskaya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Xavier Michalet
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xavier Intes
- Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine (CeMSIM), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Margarida Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thapa P, Singh V, Gupta K, Shrivastava A, Kumar V, Kataria K, Mishra PR, Mehta DS. Point-of-care devices based on fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy for tumor margin detection during breast cancer surgery: Towards breast conservation treatment. Lasers Surg Med 2023; 55:423-436. [PMID: 36884000 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fluorescence-based methods are highly specific and sensitive and have potential in breast cancer detection. Simultaneous fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy during intraoperative procedures of breast cancer have great advantages in detection of tumor margin as well as in classification of tumor to healthy tissues. Intra-operative real-time confirmation of breast cancer tumor margin is the aim of surgeons, and therefore, there is an urgent need for such techniques and devices which fulfill the surgeon's priorities. METHODS In this article, we propose the development of fluorescence-based smartphone imaging and spectroscopic point-of-care multi-modal devices for detection of invasive ductal carcinoma in tumor margin during removal of tumor. These multimodal devices are portable, cost-effective, noninvasive, and user-friendly. Molecular level sensitivity of fluorescence process shows different behavior in normal, cancerous and marginal tissues. We observed significant spectral changes, such as, red-shift, full-width half maximum (FWHM), and increased intensity as we go towards tumor center from normal tissue. High contrast in fluorescence images and spectra are also recorded for cancer tissues compared to healthy tissues. Preliminary results for the initial trial of the devices are reported in this article. RESULTS A total 44 spectra from 11 patients of invasive ductal carcinoma (11 spectra for invasive ductal carcinoma and rest are normal and negative margins) are used. Principle component analysis is used for the classification of invasive ductal carcinoma with an accuracy of 93%, specificity of 75% and sensitivity of 92.8%. We obtained an average 6.17 ± 1.66 nm red shift for IDC with respect to normal tissue. The red shift and maximum fluorescence intensity indicates p < 0.01. These results described here are supported by histopathological examination of the same sample. CONCLUSION In the present manuscript, simultaneous fluorescence-based imaging and spectroscopy is accomplished for the classification of IDC tissues and breast cancer margin detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pramila Thapa
- Department of Physics, Bio-photonics and Green-photonics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Veena Singh
- Department of Physics, Bio-photonics and Green-photonics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Komal Gupta
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag Shrivastava
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Virendra Kumar
- Department of Physics, Bio-photonics and Green-photonics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamal Kataria
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush R Mishra
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Dalip S Mehta
- Department of Physics, Bio-photonics and Green-photonics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Walke A, Black D, Valdes PA, Stummer W, König S, Suero-Molina E. Challenges in, and recommendations for, hyperspectral imaging in ex vivo malignant glioma biopsy measurements. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3829. [PMID: 36882505 PMCID: PMC9992662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The visualization of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) fluorescence with the help of surgical microscopes during 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated fluorescence-guided resection (FGR) of gliomas is still limited at the tumor margins. Hyperspectral imaging (HI) detects PPIX more sensitively but is not yet ready for intraoperative use. We illustrate the current status with three experiments and summarize our own experience using HI: (1) assessment of HI analysis algorithm using pig brain tissue, (2) a partially retrospective evaluation of our experience from HI projects, and (3) device comparison of surgical microscopy and HI. In (1), we address the problem that current algorithms for evaluating HI data are based on calibration with liquid phantoms, which have limitations. Their pH is low compared to glioma tissue; they provide only one PPIX photo state and only PPIX as fluorophore. Testing the HI algorithm with brain homogenates, we found proper correction for optical properties but not pH. Considerably more PPIX was measured at pH 9 than at pH 5. In (2), we indicate pitfalls and guide HI application. In (3), we found HI superior to the microscope for biopsy diagnosis (AUC = 0.845 ± 0.024 (cut-off 0.75 µg PPIX/ml) vs. 0.710 ± 0.035). HI thus offers potential for improved FGR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Walke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - David Black
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Pablo A Valdes
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Eric Suero-Molina
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang Q, Hassager O, Madsen J. Spatial Radical Distribution in Fractured Polymer Glasses and Melts Visualized Using a Profluorescent Nitroxide Probe. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, 610065Chengdu, China
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ole Hassager
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Madsen
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Roccabruna JR, Bridger KG, Baran TM. Fluorescence and diffuse reflectance provide similar accuracy in recovering fluorophore concentration at short source-detector separations. JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS 2022; 69:699-704. [PMID: 36035874 PMCID: PMC9401209 DOI: 10.1080/09500340.2022.2074159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative fluorescence spectroscopy requires corresponding reflectance measurements to correct for tissue absorption and scattering. However, it is unclear whether fluorescence adds value beyond the diffuse reflectance measurements necessary for correction. The goal of this study was to compare the accuracy of fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in recovering the concentration of a high-extinction fluorophore, methylene blue (MB), using a compact fiber-optic probe. Fluorescence and diffuse reflectance measurements of tissue simulating phantoms were made using a fiber-optic probe with source-detector separations of 288-1300 μm. Average error in recovered fluorophore concentration was 20.4% for fluorescence and 15.0% for reflectance, though this difference was not significant (p=0.77). Both methods returned concentrations that were similar to known MB concentrations (p≥0.79 in both cases). Fluorescence quantification of the concentration of a high extinction fluorophore did not significantly improve accuracy relative to diffuse reflectance. Investigators should consider whether fluorescence measurements are necessary for a given application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R. Roccabruna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Karina G. Bridger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Timothy M. Baran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America
- Corresponding author: Timothy M. Baran,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Davey CJ, Vasiljevski ER, O’Donohue AK, Fleming SC, Schindeler A. Analysis of muscle tissue in vivo using fiber-optic autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210110RR. [PMID: 34935315 PMCID: PMC8692235 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.12.125001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Current methods for analyzing pathological muscle tissue are time consuming and rarely quantitative, and they involve invasive biopsies. Faster and less invasive diagnosis of muscle disease may be achievable using marker-free in vivo optical sensing methods. AIM It was speculated that changes in the biochemical composition and structure of muscle associated with pathology could be measured quantitatively using visible wavelength optical spectroscopy techniques enabling automated classification. APPROACH A fiber-optic autofluorescence (AF) and diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy device was manufactured. The device and data processing techniques based on principal component analysis were validated using in situ measurements on healthy skeletal and cardiac muscle. These methods were then applied to two mouse models of genetic muscle disease: a type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1) limb-mesenchyme knockout (Nf1Prx1 - / - ) and a muscular dystrophy mouse (mdx). RESULTS Healthy skeletal and cardiac muscle specimens were separable using AF and DR with receiver operator curve areas (ROC-AUC) of >0.79. AF and DR analyses showed optically separable changes in Nf1Prx1 - / - quadriceps muscle (ROC-AUC >0.97) with no differences detected in the heart (ROC-AUC <0.67), which does not undergo gene deletion in this model. Changes in AF spectra in mdx muscle were seen between the 3 week and 10 week time points (ROC-AUC = 0.96) and were not seen in the wild-type controls (ROC-AUC = 0.58). CONCLUSION These findings support the utility of in vivo fiber-optic AF and DR spectroscopy for the assessment of muscle tissue. This report highlights that there is considerable scope to develop this marker-free optical technology for preclinical muscle research and for diagnostic assessment of clinical myopathies and dystrophies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Davey
- University of Sydney, Institute of Photonics and Optical Science, School of Physics, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emily R. Vasiljevski
- The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra K. O’Donohue
- The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon C. Fleming
- University of Sydney, Institute of Photonics and Optical Science, School of Physics, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aaron Schindeler
- The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Bioengineering and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sandilands LJ. Modeling fluorescence reemission in the one-dimensional radiative transfer problem using the P3 approximation. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2021; 38:1631-1639. [PMID: 34807023 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.434354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A model of radiative transport in fluorescent, scattering media that accounts for fluorescence reabsorption and reemission effects is discussed. The model is studied in a simplified one-dimensional geometry using the P3 approximation. An example calculation of a model system, sintered polytetrafluoroethylene doped with rhodamine 6G, is used to illustrate the features of the model.
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun T, Zhu C. Empirical method for rapid quantification of intrinsic fluorescence signals of key metabolic probes from optical spectra measured on tissue-mimicking turbid medium. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210046R. [PMID: 33893727 PMCID: PMC8062794 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.4.045001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Optical fluorescence spectroscopy technique has been explored extensively to quantify both glucose uptake and mitochondrial metabolism with proper fluorescent probes in small tumor models in vivo. However, it remains a great challenge to rapidly quantify the intrinsic metabolic fluorophores from the optically measured fluorescence spectra that contain significant distortions due to tissue absorption and scattering. AIM To enable rapid spectral data processing and quantify the in vivo metabolic parameters in real-time, we present an empirical ratio-metric method for rapid fluorescence spectra attenuation correction with high accuracy. APPROACH A first-order approximation of intrinsic fluorescence spectra can be obtained by dividing the fluorescence spectra by diffuse reflectance spectra with some variable powers. We further developed this approximation for rapid extraction of intrinsic key metabolic probes (2-NBDG for glucose uptake and TMRE for mitochondrial function) by dividing the distorted fluorescence spectra by diffuse reflectance intensities recorded at excitation and emission peak with a pair of system-dependent powers. Tissue-mimicking phantom studies were conducted to evaluate the method. RESULTS The tissue-mimicking phantom studies demonstrated that our empirical method could quantify the key intrinsic metabolic probes in near real-time with an average percent error of ∼5 % . CONCLUSIONS An empirical method was demonstrated for rapid quantification of key metabolic probes from fluorescence spectra measured on a tissue-mimicking turbid medium. The proposed method will potentially facilitate real-time monitoring of key metabolic parameters of tumor models in vivo using optical spectroscopy, which will significantly advance translational cancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Sun
- University of Kentucky, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Caigang Zhu
- University of Kentucky, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Savelieva TA, Kuryanova MN, Akhlyustina EV, Linkov KG, Meerovich GA, Loschenov VB. Attenuation correction technique for fluorescence analysis of biological tissues with significantly different optical properties. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2020; 13:360-370. [PMID: 36641568 PMCID: PMC9743856 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-020-1094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During intraoperative fluorescence navigation to remove various neoplasms and during pharmacokinetic studies of photosensitizers in laboratory animals, in many cases, the ratio of photosensitizer accumulation in the tumor and normal tissue can reach ⩾ 10-fold, which inevitably changes their optical properties. At the same time, the tumor formation process causes various metabolic and structural changes at cellular and tissue levels, which lead to changes in optical properties. A hardware-software complex for the spectral-fluorescence studies of the content of fluorochromes in biological tissues with significantly different optical properties was developed, and it was tested on optical phantoms with various concentrations of photosensitizers, absorbers, and scatterers. To correct the influence of optical properties on the photosensitizer concentration analysis by fluorescence spectroscopy, we propose the spectrum-processing algorithm, which combines empirical and theory-based approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Savelieva
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409, Russia.
| | | | | | - Kirill G Linkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Gennady A Meerovich
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409, Russia
| | - Victor B Loschenov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Beaulieu E, Laurence A, Birlea M, Sheehy G, Angulo-Rodriguez L, Latour M, Albadine R, Saad F, Trudel D, Leblond F. Wide-field optical spectroscopy system integrating reflectance and spatial frequency domain imaging to measure attenuation-corrected intrinsic tissue fluorescence in radical prostatectomy specimens. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:2052-2072. [PMID: 32341866 PMCID: PMC7173915 DOI: 10.1364/boe.388482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of a multimodal optical imaging system is presented that integrates endogenous fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with single-wavelength spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) and surface profilometry. The system images specimens at visible wavelengths with a spatial resolution of 70 µm, a field of view of 25 cm2 and a depth of field of ∼1.5 cm. The results of phantom experiments are presented demonstrating the system retrieves absorption and reduced scattering coefficient maps using SFDI with <6% reconstruction errors. A phase-shifting profilometry technique is implemented and the resulting 3-D surface used to compute a geometric correction ensuring optical properties reconstruction errors are maintained to <6% in curved media with height variations <20 mm. Combining SFDI-computed optical properties with data from diffuse reflectance spectra is shown to correct fluorescence using a model based on light transport in tissue theory. The system is used to image a human prostate, demonstrating its ability to distinguish prostatic tissue (anterior stroma, hyperplasia, peripheral zone) from extra-prostatic tissue (urethra, ejaculatory ducts, peri-prostatic tissue). These techniques could be integrated in robotic-assisted surgical systems to enhance information provided to surgeons and improve procedural accuracy by minimizing the risk of damage to extra-prostatic tissue during radical prostatectomy procedures and eventually detect residual cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emile Beaulieu
- Polytechnique Montreal, Dept. of
Engineering Physics, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C
3A7, Canada
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Audrey Laurence
- Polytechnique Montreal, Dept. of
Engineering Physics, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C
3A7, Canada
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mirela Birlea
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
- University of Montreal, Dept. of Pathology
and Cellular Biology, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC
H3 T 1J4, Canada
| | - Guillaume Sheehy
- Polytechnique Montreal, Dept. of
Engineering Physics, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C
3A7, Canada
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Leticia Angulo-Rodriguez
- Polytechnique Montreal, Dept. of
Engineering Physics, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C
3A7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Latour
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
- University of Montreal, Dept. of Pathology
and Cellular Biology, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC
H3 T 1J4, Canada
| | - Roula Albadine
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
- University of Montreal, Dept. of Pathology
and Cellular Biology, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC
H3 T 1J4, Canada
| | - Fred Saad
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Dominique Trudel
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
- University of Montreal, Dept. of Pathology
and Cellular Biology, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC
H3 T 1J4, Canada
| | - Frédéric Leblond
- Polytechnique Montreal, Dept. of
Engineering Physics, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C
3A7, Canada
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de
Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC
H2X 0A9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ohser J, Haas P, Fahrbach F, Menstell P, Schwämmle A, Osterroth S, Dobrovolskij D. Attenuation correction for confocal laser scanning microscopy and its application in chromatography. J Microsc 2020; 278:76-88. [PMID: 32144777 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The applicability of confocal laser scanning microscopy is limited, e.g. by attenuation of the excitation and the fluorescence emission beam. As a prerequisite for further processing and analysis of the obtained microscopic images, a new method is presented for correcting this attenuation. The correction is based on beam modelling and on a differential form of the modified Beer-Lambert law. It turns out that the intensity decay can be modelled as a double convolution of the microscopic image with the intensities of the excitation semibeam and the emission beam. Under weak assumptions made for the intensities of the fluorescent radiation and the detected signal, formulas for the attenuation correction and the attenuation simulation are derived. The method traces back to that one published by Roerdink which is modified concerning a more realistic beam modelling, avoiding the so-called weak attenuation expansion and considering fluorescence excitation throughout the light cone of the excitation beam. The applicability of the method is demonstrated for synthetic examples as well as microscopic images of chromatographic beads. It is shown that the new method can be successfully applied for reconstructing the true fluorophore distribution in specimens even if the microscopic images are affected by strong attenuation. LAY DESCRIPTION: The applicability of confocal laser scanning microscopy is limited by attenuation of the excitation and the fluorescence emission beam. As a prerequisite for further processing and analysis of the obtained microscopic images, a new method is presented for correcting this attenuation. The correction is based on modeling the excitation as well as the emission beam and on a modified Beer-Lambert law for beam attenuation. The applicability of the method is demonstrated for synthetic examples as well as microscopic images of chromatographic beads. It is shown that the new method can be successfully applied for reconstructing the true fluorophore distribution in specimens even if the microscopic images are affected by strong attenuation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ohser
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Haas
- Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - F Fahrbach
- Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | - D Dobrovolskij
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany.,Fraunhofer ITWM, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Osterroth S, Menstell P, Schwämmle A, Ohser J, Steiner K. Adjoint optimization for the general rate model of liquid chromatography. Comput Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2019.106657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
The present chapter summarizes progress with optical methods that go beyond human vision. The focus is on two particular technologies: fluorescence molecular imaging and optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging. The rationale for the selection of these two methods is that in contrast to optical microscopy techniques, both fluorescence and optoacoustic imaging can achieve large fields of view, i.e., spanning several centimeters in two or three dimensions. Such fields of views relate better to human vision and can visualize large parts of tissue, a necessary premise for clinical detection. Conversely, optical microscopy methods only scan millimeter-sized dimensions or smaller. With such operational capacity, optical microscopy methods need to be guided by another visualization technique in order to scan a very specific area in tissue and typically only provide superficial measurements, i.e., information from depths that are of the order of 0.05-1 mm. This practice has generally limited their clinical applicability to some niche applications, such as optical coherence tomography of the retina. On the other hand, fluorescence molecular imaging and optoacoustic imaging emerge as more global optical imaging methods with wide applications in surgery, endoscopy, and non-invasive clinical imaging, as summarized in the following. The current progress in this field is based on a volume of recent review and other literature that highlights key advances achieved in technology and biomedical applications. Context and figures from references from the authors of this chapter have been used here, as it reflects our general view of the current status of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Razansky
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Daly MJ, Chan H, Muhanna N, Akens MK, Wilson BC, Irish JC, Jaffray DA. Intraoperative cone-beam CT spatial priors for diffuse optical fluorescence tomography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 64:215007. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab4917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
19
|
Dorshow RB, Johnson JR, Debreczeny MP, Riley IR, Shieh JJ, Rogers TE, Hall-Moore C, Shaikh N, Rouggly-Nickless LC, Tarr PI. Transdermal fluorescence detection of a dual fluorophore system for noninvasive point-of-care gastrointestinal permeability measurement. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5103-5116. [PMID: 31646033 PMCID: PMC6788606 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal barrier prevents macromolecules and pathogens from entering the circulatory stream. Tight junctions in this barrier are compromised in inflammatory bowel diseases, environmental enteropathy, and enteric dysfunction. Dual sugar absorption tests are a standard method for measuring gastrointestinal integrity, however, these are not clinically amenable. Herein, we report on a dual fluorophore system and fluorescence detection instrumentation for which gastrointestinal permeability is determined in a rat small bowel disease model from the longitudinal measured transdermal fluorescence of each fluorophore. This fluorophore technology enables a specimen-free, noninvasive, point-of-care gastrointestinal permeability measurement which should be translatable to human clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - J. R. Johnson
- MediBeacon Inc., 1100 Corporate Square Drive, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | | | - I. Rochelle Riley
- MediBeacon Inc., 1100 Corporate Square Drive, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Jeng-Jong Shieh
- MediBeacon Inc., 1100 Corporate Square Drive, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Thomas E. Rogers
- MediBeacon Inc., 1100 Corporate Square Drive, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Carla Hall-Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nurmohammad Shaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Phillip I. Tarr
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang DY, Singhal S, Lee JYK. Optical Principles of Fluorescence-Guided Brain Tumor Surgery: A Practical Primer for the Neurosurgeon. Neurosurgery 2019; 85:312-324. [PMID: 30085129 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery is a rapidly growing field that has produced some of the most important innovations in surgical oncology in the past decade. These intraoperative imaging technologies provide information distinguishing tumor tissue from normal tissue in real time as the surgery proceeds and without disruption of the workflow. Many of these fluorescent tracers target unique molecular or cellular features of tumors, which offers the opportunity for identifying pathology with high precision to help surgeons achieve their primary objective of a maximal safe resection. As novel fluorophores and fluorescent probes emerge from preclinical development, a practical understanding of the principles of fluorescence remains critical for evaluating the clinical utility of these agents and identifying opportunities for further innovation. In this review, we provide an "in-text glossary" of the fundamental principles of fluorescence with examples of direct applications to fluorescence-guided brain surgery. We offer a detailed discussion of the various advantages and limitations of the most commonly used intraoperative imaging agents, including 5-aminolevulinic acid, indocyanine green, and fluorescein, with a particular focus on the photophysical properties of these specific agents as they provide a framework through which to understand the new agents that are entering clinical trials. To this end, we conclude with a survey of the fluorescent properties of novel agents that are currently undergoing or will soon enter clinical trials for the intraoperative imaging of brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John Y K Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Valdes PA, Juvekar P, Agar NYR, Gioux S, Golby AJ. Quantitative Wide-Field Imaging Techniques for Fluorescence Guided Neurosurgery. Front Surg 2019; 6:31. [PMID: 31245380 PMCID: PMC6563771 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2019.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence guided surgery (FGS) has fueled the development of novel technologies aimed at maximizing the utility of fluorescence imaging to help clinicians diagnose and in certain cases treat diseases across a breadth of disciplines such as dermatology, gynecology, oncology, ophthalmology, and neurosurgery. In neurosurgery, the goal of FGS technologies is to provide the neurosurgeon with additional information which can serve as a visual aid to better identify tumor tissue and associated margins. Yet, current clinical FGS technologies are qualitative in nature, limiting the ability to make accurate, reliable, and repeatable measurements. To this end, developments in fluorescence quantification are needed to overcome current limitations of FGS. Here we present an overview of the recent developments in quantitative fluorescence guidance technologies and conclude with the most recent developments aimed at wide-field quantitative fluorescence imaging approaches in neurosurgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Valdes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Parikshit Juvekar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nathalie Y R Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sylvain Gioux
- ICube Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Télécom Physique Strasbourg, Alsace, France
| | - Alexandra J Golby
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
St-Georges-Robillard A, Masse M, Cahuzac M, Strupler M, Patra B, Orimoto AM, Kendall-Dupont J, Péant B, Mes-Masson AM, Leblond F, Gervais T. Fluorescence hyperspectral imaging for live monitoring of multiple spheroids in microfluidic chips. Analyst 2019; 143:3829-3840. [PMID: 29999046 DOI: 10.1039/c8an00536b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tumor spheroids represent a realistic 3D in vitro cancer model because they provide a missing link between monolayer cell culture and live tissues. While microfluidic chips can easily form and assay thousands of spheroids simultaneously, few commercial instruments are available to analyze this massive amount of data. Available techniques to measure spheroid response to external stimuli, such as confocal imaging and flow cytometry, are either not appropriate for 3D cultures, or destructive. We designed a wide-field hyperspectral imaging system to analyze multiple spheroids trapped in a microfluidic chip in a single acquisition. The system and its fluorescence quantification algorithm were assessed using liquid phantoms mimicking spheroid optical properties. Spectral unmixing was tested on three overlapping spectral entities. Hyperspectral images of co-culture spheroids expressing two fluorophores were compared with confocal microscopy and spheroid growth was measured over time. The system can spectrally analyze multiple fluorescent markers simultaneously and allows multiple time-points assays, providing a fast and versatile solution for analyzing lab on a chip devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie St-Georges-Robillard
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Qc H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Meena BL, Agarwal A, Pantola C, Pandey K, Pradhan A. Concentration of FAD as a marker for cervical precancer detection. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-7. [PMID: 30903655 PMCID: PMC6975182 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.3.035008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the ex vivo results of an in-house fabricated portable device based on polarized fluorescence measurements in the clinical environment. This device measures the polarized fluorescence and elastic scattering spectra with 405-nm laser and white light sources, respectively. The dominating fluorophore with 405-nm excitation is flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) with a fluorescence peak around 510 nm. The measured spectra are highly modulated by the interplay of scattering and absorption effects. Due to this, valuable information gets masked. To reduce these effects, intrinsic fluorescence was extracted by normalizing polarized fluorescence spectra with polarized elastic scattering spectra obtained. A number of fluorophores contribute to the fluorescence spectra and need to be decoupled to understand their roles in the progression of cancer. Nelder-Mead method has been utilized to fit the spectral profile with Gaussian to decouple the different bands of contributing fluorophores (FAD and porphyrin). The change in concentration of FAD during disease progression manifests in the change in ratio of total area to FWHM of its Gaussian profile. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis has been used to discriminate different grades of cervical precancer by using the ratio as input parameter. The sensitivity and specificity for discrimination of normal samples from CIN I (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) are 75% and 54%, respectively. Further, the normal samples can be discriminated from CIN II samples with 100% and 82% sensitivity and specificity, respectively, and the CIN I from CIN II samples can also be discriminated with 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity, respectively. The results show that the change in the concentration of (FAD) can be used as a marker to discriminate the different grades of the cancer and biochemical changes at an early stage of the cancer can also be monitored with this technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat L. Meena
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Department of Physics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- University of Rajasthan, Department of Physics, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Asha Agarwal
- Regency Hospital, Department of Pathology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chayanika Pantola
- LPS Institute of Cardiology, Department of Pathology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Pandey
- GSVM Medical College, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asima Pradhan
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Department of Physics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Center for Lasers and Photonics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
5-aminolevulinic acid induced protoporphyrin IX (ALA-PpIX) fluorescence guidance in meningioma surgery. J Neurooncol 2019; 141:555-565. [PMID: 30604395 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-03079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 5-aminolevulinic acid induced protoporphyrin IX (5-ALA-PpIX) fluorescence guidance has emerged as a valuable surgical adjunct for resection of intracranial tumors. METHODS Here we present a focused review on 5-ALA-PpIX fluorescence guidance for meningiomas. RESULTS We discuss the clinical studies and specific applications to date as well as the two main intraoperative fluorescence technologies applied to meningiomas. CONCLUSIONS The use of 5-ALA-PpIX in meningiomas holds promising potential so neurosurgeons can improve surgical outcomes for patients with meningiomas as well as be pioneers in developing improved fluorescence imaging technologies.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Y, Hou H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhu L, Dong M, Liu Y. Tissue intrinsic fluorescence recovering by an empirical approach based on the PSO algorithm and its application in type 2 diabetes screening. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:1795-1808. [PMID: 29675320 PMCID: PMC5905924 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.001795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce the influence of scattering and absorption on tissue fluorescence spectra, after tissue fluorescence and diffuse reflectance in different tissue optical properties were simulated by the Monte Carlo method, a tissue intrinsic fluorescence recovering algorithm making use of diffuse reflectance spectrum was developed. The empirical parameters in the tissue intrinsic fluorescence recovering algorithm were coded as a particle in the solution domain, the classification performance was defined as the fitness, and then a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was established for empirical parameters optimization. The skin autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectra of 327 subjects were collected in Anhui Provincial Hospital. The skin intrinsic autofluorescence spectra were recovered by using the empirical approach and the integration area of the spectra were calculated as fluorescence intensity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for fluorescence intensity was applied to evaluate the classification performance in type 2 diabetes screening. In addition, a support vector machine (SVM) method was implemented to improve the performance of the classification. The results showed that the sensitivity and specificity were 32% and 76% respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.54 before recovering, while the sensitivity and specificity were 72% and 86% respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.86 after recovering. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity increased to 83% and 86% respectively when using linear SVM while 84% and 88%, respectively, when using nonlinear SVM. The results indicate that using the tissue fluorescence spectrum recovery algorithm based on PSO can improve the application of tissue fluorescence spectroscopy effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhi Zhang
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biomedical Optical Instrument, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
- Wanjiang Center for Development of Emerging Industrial Technology, Tongling, Anhui 244000, China
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Huayi Hou
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biomedical Optical Instrument, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
- Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biomedical Optical Instrument, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
- Wanjiang Center for Development of Emerging Industrial Technology, Tongling, Anhui 244000, China
| | - Yikun Wang
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biomedical Optical Instrument, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
- Wanjiang Center for Development of Emerging Industrial Technology, Tongling, Anhui 244000, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biomedical Optical Instrument, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
- Wanjiang Center for Development of Emerging Industrial Technology, Tongling, Anhui 244000, China
| | - Meili Dong
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biomedical Optical Instrument, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
- Wanjiang Center for Development of Emerging Industrial Technology, Tongling, Anhui 244000, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biomedical Optical Instrument, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
- Wanjiang Center for Development of Emerging Industrial Technology, Tongling, Anhui 244000, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Meena BL, Singh P, Sah AN, Pandey K, Agarwal A, Pantola C, Pradhan A. Intrinsic fluorescence for cervical precancer detection using polarized light based in-house fabricated portable device. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-7. [PMID: 29341542 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.1.015005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An in-house fabricated portable device has been tested to detect cervical precancer through the intrinsic fluorescence from human cervix of the whole uterus in a clinical setting. A previously validated technique based on simultaneously acquired polarized fluorescence and polarized elastic scattering spectra from a turbid medium is used to extract the intrinsic fluorescence. Using a diode laser at 405 nm, intrinsic fluorescence of flavin adenine dinucleotide, which is the dominant fluorophore and other contributing fluorophores in the epithelium of cervical tissue, has been extracted. Different grades of cervical precancer (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; CIN) have been discriminated using principal component analysis-based Mahalanobis distance and linear discriminant analysis. Normal, CIN I and CIN II samples have been discriminated from one another with high sensitivity and specificity at 95% confidence level. This ex vivo study with cervix of whole uterus samples immediately after hysterectomy in a clinical environment indicates that the in-house fabricated portable device has the potential to be used as a screening tool for in vivo precancer detection using intrinsic fluorescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Lal Meena
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Department of Physics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- University of Rajasthan, Department of Physics, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pankaj Singh
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Department of Physics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- LSM Government PG College, Department of Physics, Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amar Nath Sah
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Kanpur,, India
| | - Kiran Pandey
- GSVM Medical College, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asha Agarwal
- Regency Hospital, Department of Pathology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chayanika Pantola
- LPS Institute of Cardiology, Department of Pathology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asima Pradhan
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Department of Physics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Center for Lasers and Photonics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Valdes PA, Angelo JP, Choi HS, Gioux S. qF-SSOP: real-time optical property corrected fluorescence imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3597-3605. [PMID: 28856038 PMCID: PMC5560828 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging is well suited to provide image guidance during resections in oncologic and vascular surgery. However, the distorting effects of tissue optical properties on the emitted fluorescence are poorly compensated for on even the most advanced fluorescence image guidance systems, leading to subjective and inaccurate estimates of tissue fluorophore concentrations. Here we present a novel fluorescence imaging technique that performs real-time (i.e., video rate) optical property corrected fluorescence imaging. We perform full field of view simultaneous imaging of tissue optical properties using Single Snapshot of Optical Properties (SSOP) and fluorescence detection. The estimated optical properties are used to correct the emitted fluorescence with a quantitative fluorescence model to provide quantitative fluorescence-Single Snapshot of Optical Properties (qF-SSOP) images with less than 5% error. The technique is rigorous, fast, and quantitative, enabling ease of integration into the surgical workflow with the potential to improve molecular guidance intraoperatively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A. Valdes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s/Boston Children’s Hospitals, Building for Transformative Medicine, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Co-first authorship shared
| | - Joseph P. Angelo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Co-first authorship shared
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Sylvain Gioux
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- ICube Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Miller MA, Weissleder R. Imaging the pharmacology of nanomaterials by intravital microscopy: Toward understanding their biological behavior. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:61-86. [PMID: 27266447 PMCID: PMC5136524 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) can deliver cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and other drugs more safely and efficiently to patients; furthermore, selective delivery to target tissues can theoretically be accomplished actively through coating NPs with molecular ligands, and passively through exploiting physiological "enhanced permeability and retention" features. However, clinical trial results have been mixed in showing improved efficacy with drug nanoencapsulation, largely due to heterogeneous NP accumulation at target sites across patients. Thus, a clear need exists to better understand why many NP strategies fail in vivo and not result in significantly improved tumor uptake or therapeutic response. Multicolor in vivo confocal fluorescence imaging (intravital microscopy; IVM) enables integrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) measurement at the single-cell level, and has helped answer key questions regarding the biological mechanisms of in vivo NP behavior. This review summarizes progress to date and also describes useful technical strategies for successful IVM experimentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Valdés PA, Roberts DW, Lu FK, Golby A. Optical technologies for intraoperative neurosurgical guidance. Neurosurg Focus 2016; 40:E8. [PMID: 26926066 DOI: 10.3171/2015.12.focus15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical optics is a broadly interdisciplinary field at the interface of optical engineering, biophysics, computer science, medicine, biology, and chemistry, helping us understand light-tissue interactions to create applications with diagnostic and therapeutic value in medicine. Implementation of biomedical optics tools and principles has had a notable scientific and clinical resurgence in recent years in the neurosurgical community. This is in great part due to work in fluorescence-guided surgery of brain tumors leading to reports of significant improvement in maximizing the rates of gross-total resection. Multiple additional optical technologies have been implemented clinically, including diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and imaging, optical coherence tomography, Raman spectroscopy and imaging, and advanced quantitative methods, including quantitative fluorescence and lifetime imaging. Here we present a clinically relevant and technologically informed overview and discussion of some of the major clinical implementations of optical technologies as intraoperative guidance tools in neurosurgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Valdés
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston
| | - David W Roberts
- Section of Neurosurgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | | | - Alexandra Golby
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery and.,Radiology, and.,Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Göröcs Z, Rivenson Y, Ceylan Koydemir H, Tseng D, Troy TL, Demas V, Ozcan A. Quantitative Fluorescence Sensing Through Highly Autofluorescent, Scattering, and Absorbing Media Using Mobile Microscopy. ACS NANO 2016; 10:8989-99. [PMID: 27622866 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Compact and cost-effective systems for in vivo fluorescence and near-infrared imaging in combination with activatable reporters embedded inside the skin to sample interstitial fluid or blood can enable a variety of biomedical applications. However, the strong autofluorescence of human skin creates an obstacle for fluorescence-based sensing. Here we introduce a method for quantitative fluorescence sensing through highly autofluorescent, scattering, and absorbing media. For this, we created a compact and cost-effective fluorescence microscope weighing <40 g and used it to measure various concentrations of a fluorescent dye embedded inside a tissue phantom, which was designed to mimic the optical characteristics of human skin. We used an elliptical Gaussian beam excitation to digitally separate tissue autofluorescence from target fluorescence, although they severely overlap in both space and optical spectrum. Using ∼10-fold less excitation intensity than the safety limit for skin radiation exposure, we successfully quantified the density of the embedded fluorophores by imaging the skin phantom surface and achieved a detection limit of ∼5 × 10(5) and ∼2.5 × 10(7) fluorophores within ∼0.01 μL sample volume that is positioned 0.5 and 2 mm below the phantom surface, corresponding to a concentration of 105.9 pg/mL and 5.3 ng/mL, respectively. We also confirmed that this approach can track the spatial misalignments of the mobile microscope with respect to the embedded target fluorescent volume. This wearable microscopy platform might be useful for designing implantable biochemical sensors with the capability of spatial multiplexing to continuously monitor a panel of biomarkers and chronic conditions even at patients' home.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tamara L Troy
- Verily Life Sciences, LLC , Mountain View, California 94043, United States
| | - Vasiliki Demas
- Verily Life Sciences, LLC , Mountain View, California 94043, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bravo JJ, Davis SC, Roberts DW, Paulsen KD, Kanick SC. Mathematical model to interpret localized reflectance spectra measured in the presence of a strong fluorescence marker. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:61004. [PMID: 26836297 PMCID: PMC4734982 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.6.061004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of multiple fluorescence markers during neurosurgery has the potential to provide complementary contrast mechanisms between normal and malignant tissues, and one potential combination involves fluorescein sodium (FS) and aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). We focus on the interpretation of reflectance spectra containing contributions from elastically scattered (reflected) photons as well as fluorescence emissions from a strong fluorophore (i.e., FS). A model-based approach to extract μa and μ′s in the presence of FS emission is validated in optical phantoms constructed with Intralipid (1% to 2% lipid) and whole blood (1% to 3% volume fraction), over a wide range of FS concentrations (0 to 1000 μg/ml 1000 μg/ml ). The results show that modeling reflectance as a combination of elastically scattered light and attenuation-corrected FS-based emission yielded more accurate tissue parameter estimates when compared with a nonmodified reflectance model, with reduced maximum errors for blood volume (22% versus 90%), microvascular saturation (21% versus 100%), and μs′ (13% versus 207%). Additionally, quantitative PpIX fluorescence sampled in the same phantom as FS showed significant differences depending on the reflectance model used to estimate optical properties (i.e., maximum error 29% versus 86%). These data represent a first step toward using quantitative optical spectroscopy to guide surgeries through simultaneous assessment of FS and PpIX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime J. Bravo
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Scott C. Davis
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
| | - David W. Roberts
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Rope Ferry Road, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Section of Neurosurgery, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
| | - Keith D. Paulsen
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Rope Ferry Road, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Stephen C. Kanick
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tate TH, Baggett B, Rice PFS, Koevary JW, Orsinger GV, Nymeyer AC, Welge WA, Saboda K, Roe DJ, Hatch KD, Chambers SK, Utzinger U, Barton JK. Multispectral fluorescence imaging of human ovarian and fallopian tube tissue for early-stage cancer detection. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:56005. [PMID: 27220626 PMCID: PMC5996865 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.5.056005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
With early detection, 5-year survival rates for ovarian cancer exceed 90%, yet no effective early screening method exists. Emerging consensus suggests over 50% of the most lethal form of the disease originates in the fallopian tube. Twenty-eight women undergoing oophorectomy or debulking surgery provided informed consent for the use of surgical discard tissue samples for multispectral fluorescence imaging. Using multiple ultraviolet and visible excitation wavelengths and emissions bands, 12 fluorescence and 6 reflectance images of 47 ovarian and 31 fallopian tube tissue samples were recorded. After imaging, each sample was fixed, sectioned, and stained for pathological evaluation. Univariate logistic regression showed cancerous tissue samples had significantly lower intensity than noncancerous tissue for 17 image types. The predictive power of multiple image types was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression (MLR) and quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA). Two MLR models each using two image types had receiver operating characteristic curves with area under the curve exceeding 0.9. QDA determined 56 image type combinations with perfect resubstituting using as few as five image types. Adaption of the system for future in vivo fallopian tube and ovary endoscopic imaging is possible, which may enable sensitive detection of ovarian cancer with no exogenous contrast agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler H. Tate
- University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Brenda Baggett
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1657 East Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Photini F. S. Rice
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1657 East Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jennifer Watson Koevary
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1657 East Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Gabriel V. Orsinger
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1657 East Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Ariel C. Nymeyer
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1657 East Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Weston A. Welge
- University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Kathylynn Saboda
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Denise J. Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Kenneth D. Hatch
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Setsuko K. Chambers
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Urs Utzinger
- University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1657 East Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jennifer Kehlet Barton
- University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- University of Arizona, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1657 East Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rafailov IE, Dremin VV, Litvinova KS, Dunaev AV, Sokolovski SG, Rafailov EU. Computational model of bladder tissue based on its measured optical properties. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:25006. [PMID: 26882448 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.2.025006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Urinary bladder diseases are a common problem throughout the world and often difficult to accurately diagnose. Furthermore, they pose a heavy financial burden on health services. Urinary bladder tissue from male pigs was spectrophotometrically measured and the resulting data used to calculate the absorption, transmission, and reflectance parameters, along with the derived coefficients of scattering and absorption. These were employed to create a "generic" computational bladder model based on optical properties, simulating the propagation of photons through the tissue at different wavelengths. Using the Monte-Carlo method and fluorescence spectra of UV and blue excited wavelength, diagnostically important biomarkers were modeled. Additionally, the multifunctional noninvasive diagnostics system "LAKK-M" was used to gather fluorescence data to further provide essential comparisons. The ultimate goal of the study was to successfully simulate the effects of varying excited radiation wavelengths on bladder tissue to determine the effectiveness of photonics diagnostic devices. With increased accuracy, this model could be used to reliably aid in differentiating healthy and pathological tissues within the bladder and potentially other hollow organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E Rafailov
- Aston University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Victor V Dremin
- State University-Education-Science-Production Complex, Biomedical Photonics Instrumentation Group, Scientific-Educational Centre of "Biomedical Engineering," Oryol 302020, Russia
| | - Karina S Litvinova
- Aston University, Optoelectronics and Biomedical Photonics Group, Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey V Dunaev
- State University-Education-Science-Production Complex, Biomedical Photonics Instrumentation Group, Scientific-Educational Centre of "Biomedical Engineering," Oryol 302020, Russia
| | - Sergei G Sokolovski
- Aston University, Optoelectronics and Biomedical Photonics Group, Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Edik U Rafailov
- Aston University, Optoelectronics and Biomedical Photonics Group, Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang M, Chakraborty SK, Sampath P, Rojas JJ, Hou W, Saurabh S, Thorne SH, Bruchez MP, Waggoner AS. Fluoromodule-based reporter/probes designed for in vivo fluorescence imaging. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:3915-27. [PMID: 26348895 DOI: 10.1172/jci81086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical imaging of whole, living animals has proven to be a powerful tool in multiple areas of preclinical research and has allowed noninvasive monitoring of immune responses, tumor and pathogen growth, and treatment responses in longitudinal studies. However, fluorescence-based studies in animals are challenging because tissue absorbs and autofluoresces strongly in the visible light spectrum. These optical properties drive development and use of fluorescent labels that absorb and emit at longer wavelengths. Here, we present a far-red absorbing fluoromodule-based reporter/probe system and show that this system can be used for imaging in living mice. The probe we developed is a fluorogenic dye called SC1 that is dark in solution but highly fluorescent when bound to its cognate reporter, Mars1. The reporter/probe complex, or fluoromodule, produced peak emission near 730 nm. Mars1 was able to bind a variety of structurally similar probes that differ in color and membrane permeability. We demonstrated that a tool kit of multiple probes can be used to label extracellular and intracellular reporter-tagged receptor pools with 2 colors. Imaging studies may benefit from this far-red excited reporter/probe system, which features tight coupling between probe fluorescence and reporter binding and offers the option of using an expandable family of fluorogenic probes with a single reporter gene.
Collapse
|
35
|
Valdés PA, Jacobs V, Harris BT, Wilson BC, Leblond F, Paulsen KD, Roberts DW. Quantitative fluorescence using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX biomarker as a surgical adjunct in low-grade glioma surgery. J Neurosurg 2015; 123:771-80. [PMID: 26140489 DOI: 10.3171/2014.12.jns14391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Previous studies in high-grade gliomas (HGGs) have indicated that protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) accumulates in higher concentrations in tumor tissue, and, when used to guide surgery, it has enabled improved resection leading to increased progression-free survival. Despite the benefits of complete resection and the advances in fluorescence-guided surgery, few studies have investigated the use of PpIX in low-grade gliomas (LGGs). Here, the authors describe their initial experience with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced PpIX fluorescence in a series of patients with LGG. METHODS Twelve patients with presumed LGGs underwent resection of their tumors after receiving 20 mg/kg of ALA approximately 3 hours prior to surgery under an institutional review board-approved protocol. Intraoperative assessments of the resulting PpIX emissions using both qualitative, visible fluorescence and quantitative measurements of PpIX concentration were obtained from tissue locations that were subsequently biopsied and evaluated histopathologically. Mixed models for random effects and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for diagnostic performance were performed on the fluorescence data relative to the gold-standard histopathology. RESULTS Five of the 12 LGGs (1 ganglioglioma, 1 oligoastrocytoma, 1 pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, 1 oligodendroglioma, and 1 ependymoma) demonstrated at least 1 instance of visible fluorescence during surgery. Visible fluorescence evaluated on a specimen-by-specimen basis yielded a diagnostic accuracy of 38.0% (cutoff threshold: visible fluorescence score ≥ 1, area under the curve = 0.514). Quantitative fluorescence yielded a diagnostic accuracy of 67% (for a cutoff threshold of the concentration of PpIX [CPpIX] > 0.0056 μg/ml, area under the curve = 0.66). The authors found that 45% (9/20) of nonvisibly fluorescent tumor specimens, which would have otherwise gone undetected, accumulated diagnostically significant levels of CPpIX that were detected quantitatively. CONCLUSIONS The authors' initial experience with ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence in LGGs concurs with other literature reports that the resulting visual fluorescence has poor diagnostic accuracy. However, the authors also found that diagnostically significant levels of CPpIX do accumulate in LGGs, and the resulting fluorescence emissions are very often below the detection threshold of current visual fluorescence imaging methods. Indeed, at least in the authors' initial experience reported here, if quantitative detection methods are deployed, the diagnostic performance of ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence in LGGs approaches the accuracy associated with visual fluorescence in HGGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Valdés
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's/Boston Children's Hospitals, Harvard Medical School;,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover;,Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon;,Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Valerie Jacobs
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover
| | | | - Brian C Wilson
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Ontario; and
| | - Frederic Leblond
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - David W Roberts
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover;,Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Devi S, Ghosh N, Pradhan A. A technique for correction of attenuations in synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 151:1-9. [PMID: 26134713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy is an efficient technique for decoupling fluorophores which are masked in fluorescence spectroscopy due to overlapping of dominant fluorophores. By choosing appropriate offsets between excitation and emission wavelengths during signal acquisition from turbid samples, responses of individual fluorophores are highlighted as sharp peaks by using this technique. Some of the peaks may, however, still be missed due to wavelength dependent absorption and scattering effects. In this study a correction technique is used to extract such hidden signatures. The technique is validated using tissue phantoms with known concentrations of fluorophores, absorbers and scatterers. On the basis of validation studies on single and combination of two fluorophores, it is found that lower offsets display better recovery due to minimal influence of absorption by blood. Among the different offsets, 55 nm is found to be optimal for investigation of cervical precancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Devi
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Nirmalya Ghosh
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, 741252, India
| | - Asima Pradhan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India; Center for Lasers and Photonics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Correction for tissue optical properties enables quantitative skin fluorescence measurements using multi-diameter single fiber reflectance spectroscopy. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 79:64-73. [PMID: 25911633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Fluorescence measurements in the skin are very much affected by absorption and scattering but existing methods to correct for this are not applicable to superficial skin measurements. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS The first use of multiple-diameter single fiber reflectance (MDSFR) and single fiber fluorescence (SFF) spectroscopy in human skin was investigated. MDSFR spectroscopy allows a quantification of the full optical properties in superficial skin (μa, μs' and γ), which can next be used to retrieve the corrected - intrinsic - fluorescence of a fluorophore Qμa,x(f). Our goal was to investigate the importance of such correction for individual patients. We studied this in 22 patients undergoing photodynamic therapy (PDT) for actinic keratosis. RESULTS The magnitude of correction of fluorescence was around 4 (for both autofluorescence and protoporphyrin IX). Moreover, it was variable between patients, but also within patients over the course of fractionated aminolevulinic acid PDT (range 2.7-7.5). Patients also varied in the amount of protoporphyrin IX synthesis, photobleaching percentages and resynthesis (>100× difference between the lowest and highest PpIX synthesis). The autofluorescence was lower in actinic keratosis than contralateral normal skin (0.0032 versus 0.0052; P<0.0005). CONCLUSIONS Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of correcting the measured fluorescence for optical properties, because these vary considerably between individual patients and also during PDT. Protoporphyrin IX synthesis and photobleaching kinetics allow monitoring clinical PDT which facilitates individual-based PDT dosing and improvement of clinical treatment protocols. Furthermore, the skin autofluorescence can be relevant for diagnostic use in the skin, but it may also be interesting because of its association with several internal diseases.
Collapse
|
38
|
Jermyn M, Kolste K, Pichette J, Sheehy G, Angulo-Rodríguez L, Paulsen KD, Roberts DW, Wilson BC, Petrecca K, Leblond F. Macroscopic-imaging technique for subsurface quantification of near-infrared markers during surgery. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:036014. [PMID: 25793562 PMCID: PMC4367847 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.3.036014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining accurate quantitative information on the concentration and distribution of fluorescent markers lying at a depth below the surface of optically turbid media, such as tissue, is a significant challenge. Here, we introduce a fluorescence reconstruction technique based on a diffusion light transport model that can be used during surgery, including guiding resection of brain tumors, for depth-resolved quantitative imaging of near-infrared fluorescent markers. Hyperspectral fluorescence images are used to compute a topographic map of the fluorophore distribution, which yields structural and optical constraints for a three-dimensional subsequent hyperspectral diffuse fluorescence reconstruction algorithm. Using the model fluorophore Alexa Fluor 647 and brain-like tissue phantoms, the technique yielded estimates of fluorophore concentration within ±25% of the true value to depths of 5 to 9 mm, depending on the concentration. The approach is practical for integration into a neurosurgical fluorescence microscope and has potential to further extend fluorescence-guided resection using objective and quantified metrics of the presence of residual tumor tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jermyn
- McGill University, Brain Tumour Research Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Kolbein Kolste
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Julien Pichette
- Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Guillaume Sheehy
- Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Leticia Angulo-Rodríguez
- Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Keith D. Paulsen
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - David W. Roberts
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Section of Neurosurgery, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- University of Toronto/University Health Network, Department of Medical Biophysics, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kevin Petrecca
- McGill University, Brain Tumour Research Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Frederic Leblond
- Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, CP 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada
- Address all correspondence to: Frederic Leblond, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Brauser EM, Rose PE, McLennan JD, Bartl MH. Optical detection of tracer species in strongly scattering media. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 69:363-369. [PMID: 25664563 DOI: 10.1366/14-07601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A combination of optical absorption and scattering is used to detect tracer species in a strongly scattering medium. An optical setup was developed, consisting of a dual-beam scattering detection scheme in which sample scattering beam overlaps with the characteristic absorption feature of quantum dot tracer species, while the reference scattering beam is outside any absorption features of the tracer. This scheme was successfully tested in engineered breakthrough tests typical of wastewater and subsurface fluid analysis, as well as in batch analysis of oil and gas reservoir fluids and biological samples. Tracers were detected even under highly scattering conditions, conditions in which conventional absorption or fluorescence methods failed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Brauser
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, 50 Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Devi S, Panigrahi PK, Pradhan A. Detecting cervical cancer progression through extracted intrinsic fluorescence and principal component analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:127003. [PMID: 25504494 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.12.127003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsic fluorescence spectra of the human normal, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 (CIN1), CIN2, and cervical cancer tissue have been extracted by effectively combining the measured polarized fluorescence and polarized elastic scattering spectra. The efficacy of principal component analysis (PCA) to disentangle the collective behavior from smaller correlated clusters in a dimensionally reduced space in conjunction with the intrinsic fluorescence is examined. This combination unambiguously reveals the biochemical changes occurring with the progression of the disease. The differing activities of the dominant fluorophores, collagen, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, flavins, and porphyrin of different grades of precancers are clearly identified through a careful examination of the sectorial behavior of the dominant eigenvectors of PCA. To further classify the different grades, the Mahalanobis distance has been calculated using the scores of selected principal components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Devi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Prasanta K Panigrahi
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata 741246, India
| | - Asima Pradhan
- Indian Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Kanpur 208016, IndiacIndian Institute of Technology, Center for Lasers and Photonics, Kanpur 208016, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Valdes PA, Bekelis K, Harris BT, Wilson BC, Leblond F, Kim A, Simmons NE, Erkmen K, Paulsen KD, Roberts DW. 5-Aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX fluorescence in meningioma: qualitative and quantitative measurements in vivo. Neurosurgery 2014; 10 Suppl 1:74-82; discussion 82-3. [PMID: 23887194 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence has shown promise as a surgical adjunct for maximizing the extent of surgical resection in gliomas. To date, the clinical utility of 5-ALA in meningiomas is not fully understood, with most descriptive studies using qualitative approaches to 5-ALA-PpIX. OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic performance of 5-ALA-PpIX fluorescence during surgical resection of meningioma. METHODS ALA was administered to 15 patients with meningioma undergoing PpIX fluorescence-guided surgery at our institution. At various points during the procedure, the surgeon performed qualitative, visual assessments of fluorescence by using the surgical microscope, followed by a quantitative fluorescence measurement by using an intraoperative probe. Specimens were collected at each point for subsequent neuropathological analysis. Clustered data analysis of variance was used to ascertain a difference between groups, and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to assess diagnostic capabilities. RESULTS Red-pink fluorescence was observed in 80% (12/15) of patients, with visible fluorescence generally demonstrating a strong, homogenous character. Quantitative fluorescence measured diagnostically significant PpIX concentrations (cPpIx) in both visibly and nonvisibly fluorescent tissues, with significantly higher cPpIx in both visibly fluorescent (P < .001) and tumor tissue (P = .002). Receiver operating characteristic analyses also showed diagnostic accuracies up to 90% for differentiating tumor from normal dura. CONCLUSION ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence guidance is a potential and promising adjunct in accurately detecting neoplastic tissue during meningioma resective surgery. These results suggest a broader reach for PpIX as a biomarker for meningiomas than was previously noted in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Valdes
- *Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; ‡Thayer School of Engineering, Hanover, New Hampshire; §Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire; ‖Departments of Pathology and Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC; ¶Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; #Engineering Physics Department, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; **Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ikoma H, Heshmat B, Wetzstein G, Raskar R. Attenuation-corrected fluorescence spectra unmixing for spectroscopy and microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:19469-19483. [PMID: 25321030 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.019469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In fluorescence measurements, light is often absorbed and scattered by a sample both for excitation and emission, resulting in the measured spectra to be distorted. Conventional linear unmixing methods computationally separate overlapping spectra but do not account for these effects. We propose a new algorithm for fluorescence unmixing that accounts for the attenuation-related distortion effect on fluorescence spectra. Using a matrix representation, we derive forward measurement formation and a corresponding inverse method; the unmixing algorithm is based on nonnegative matrix factorization. We also demonstrate how this method can be extended to a higher-dimensional tensor form, which is useful for unmixing overlapping spectra observed under the attenuation effect in spectral imaging microscopy. We evaluate the proposed methods in simulation and experiments and show that it outperforms a conventional, linear unmixing method when absorption and scattering contributes to the measured signals, as in deep tissue imaging.
Collapse
|
43
|
Symvoulidis P, Jentoft KM, Garcia-Allende PB, Glatz J, Ripoll J, Ntziachristos V. Steady-state total diffuse reflectance with an exponential decaying source. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:3919-3922. [PMID: 24978771 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.003919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The increasing preclinical and clinical utilization of digital cameras for photographic measurements of tissue conditions motivates the study of reflectance measurements obtained with planar illumination. We examine herein a formula that models the total diffuse reflectance measured from a semi-infinite medium using an exponentially decaying source, assuming continuous plane wave epi-illumination. The model is validated with experimental reflectance measurements from tissue mimicking phantoms. The need for adjusting the blood absorption spectrum due to pigment packaging is discussed along with the potential applications of the proposed formulation.
Collapse
|
44
|
Sun N, Luo W, Li LZ, Luo Q. Monitoring hemodynamic and metabolic alterations during severe hemorrhagic shock in rat brains. Acad Radiol 2014; 21:175-84. [PMID: 24439331 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Our long-term goals are to identify imaging biomarkers for hemorrhagic shock and to understand how the preservation of cerebral microcirculation works. We also seek to understand how the damage occurs to the cerebral hemodynamics and the mitochondrial metabolism during severe hemorrhagic shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a multimodal cerebral cortex optical imaging system to obtain 4-hour observations of cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic alterations in exposed rat cortexes during severe hemorrhagic shock. We monitored the mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cerebral blood flow (CBF), functional vascular density (FVD), vascular perfusion and diameter, blood oxygenation, and mitochondrial reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) signals. RESULTS During the rapid bleeding and compensatory stage, cerebral parenchymal circulation was protected by inhibiting the perfusion of dural vessels. During the compensatory stage, although the brain parenchymal CBF and FVD decreased rapidly, the NADH signal did not show a significant increase. During the decompensatory stage, FVD and CBF maintained the same low level and the NADH signal remained unchanged. However, the NADH signal showed a significant increase after the rapid blood infusion. FVD and CBF rebounded to the baseline after the resuscitation and then declined again. CONCLUSIONS We present for the first time simultaneous imaging of cerebral hemodynamics and NADH signals in vivo during the process of hemorrhagic shock. This novel multimodal method demonstrated clearly that severe hemorrhagic shock imparts irreversible tissue damage that is not compensated by the autoregulatory mechanism. Hemodynamic and metabolic signatures including CBF, FVD, and NADH may be further developed to provide sensitive biomarkers for stage transitions in hemorrhagic shock.
Collapse
|
45
|
Garcia-Allende PB, Glatz J, Koch M, Tjalma JJ, Hartmans E, Terwisscha van Scheltinga AG, Symvoulidis P, van Dam GM, Nagengast WB, Ntziachristos V. Towards clinically translatable NIR fluorescence molecular guidance for colonoscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 5:78-92. [PMID: 24466478 PMCID: PMC3891347 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.000078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
White-light surveillance colonoscopy is the standard of care for the detection and removal of premalignant lesions to prevent colorectal cancer, and the main screening recommendation following treatment for recurrence detection. However, it lacks sufficient diagnostic yield, exhibits unacceptable adenoma miss-rates and is not capable of revealing functional and morphological information of the detected lesions. Fluorescence molecular guidance in the near-infrared (NIR) is expected to have outstanding relevance regarding early lesion detection and heterogeneity characterization within and among lesions in these interventional procedures. Thereby, superficial and sub-surface tissue biomarkers can be optimally visualized due to a minimization of tissue attenuation and autofluorescence by comparison with the visible, which simultaneously enhance tissue penetration and assure minimal background. At present, this potential is challenged by the difficulty associated with the clinical propagation of disease-specific contrast agents and the absence of a commercially available endoscope that is capable of acquiring wide-field, NIR fluorescence at video-rates. We propose two alternative flexible endoscopic fluorescence imaging methods, each based on a CE certified commercial, clinical grade endoscope, and the employment of an approved monoclonal antibody labeled with a clinically applicable NIR fluorophore. Pre-clinical validation of these two strategies that aim at bridging NIR fluorescence molecular guidance to clinical translation is demonstrated in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Beatriz Garcia-Allende
- Chair for Biological Imaging & Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstr. 9 D-81675, München, Germany
| | - Jürgen Glatz
- Chair for Biological Imaging & Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstr. 9 D-81675, München, Germany
| | - Maximilian Koch
- Chair for Biological Imaging & Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstr. 9 D-81675, München, Germany
| | - Jolien J. Tjalma
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UMCG, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elmire Hartmans
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UMCG, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Panagiotis Symvoulidis
- Chair for Biological Imaging & Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstr. 9 D-81675, München, Germany
| | - Gooitzen M. van Dam
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UMCG, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wouter B. Nagengast
- Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UMCG, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair for Biological Imaging & Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstr. 9 D-81675, München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Banerjee B, Rial NS, Renkoski T, Graves LR, Reid SAH, Hu C, Tsikitis VL, Nfonsom V, Pugh J, Utzinger U. Enhanced visibility of colonic neoplasms using formulaic ratio imaging of native fluorescence. Lasers Surg Med 2013. [PMID: 24114774 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.v45.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Colonoscopy is the preferred method for colon cancer screening, but can miss polyps and flat neoplasms with low color contrast. The objective was to develop a new autofluorescence method that improves image contrast of colonic neoplasms. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected the three strongest native fluorescence signals and developed a novel method where fluorescence images are processed in a ratiometric formula to represent the likely cellular and structural changes associated with neoplasia. Native fluorescence images of fresh surgical specimens of the colon containing normal mucosa, polypoid and flat adenomas as well as adenocarcinoma were recorded using a prototype multi-spectral imager. Sixteen patients, with a mean age of 62 years (range 28-81) undergoing elective resection for colonic neoplasms were enrolled. High contrast images were seen with fluorescence from tryptophan (Tryp), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and collagen. RESULTS When the image intensity of Tryp was divided pixel by pixel, by the intensities of FAD and collagen, the resulting formulaic ratio (FR) images were of exceptionally high contrast. The FR images of adenomas and adenocarcinomas had increased Weber contrast. CONCLUSIONS FR imaging is a novel imaging process that represents the likely metabolic and structural changes in colonic neoplasia that produces images with remarkably high contrast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Banerjee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85724; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721; College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Banerjee B, Rial NS, Renkoski T, Graves LR, Reid SAH, Hu C, Tsikitis VL, Nfonsom V, Pugh J, Utzinger U. Enhanced visibility of colonic neoplasms using formulaic ratio imaging of native fluorescence. Lasers Surg Med 2013; 45:573-81. [PMID: 24114774 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Colonoscopy is the preferred method for colon cancer screening, but can miss polyps and flat neoplasms with low color contrast. The objective was to develop a new autofluorescence method that improves image contrast of colonic neoplasms. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected the three strongest native fluorescence signals and developed a novel method where fluorescence images are processed in a ratiometric formula to represent the likely cellular and structural changes associated with neoplasia. Native fluorescence images of fresh surgical specimens of the colon containing normal mucosa, polypoid and flat adenomas as well as adenocarcinoma were recorded using a prototype multi-spectral imager. Sixteen patients, with a mean age of 62 years (range 28-81) undergoing elective resection for colonic neoplasms were enrolled. High contrast images were seen with fluorescence from tryptophan (Tryp), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and collagen. RESULTS When the image intensity of Tryp was divided pixel by pixel, by the intensities of FAD and collagen, the resulting formulaic ratio (FR) images were of exceptionally high contrast. The FR images of adenomas and adenocarcinomas had increased Weber contrast. CONCLUSIONS FR imaging is a novel imaging process that represents the likely metabolic and structural changes in colonic neoplasia that produces images with remarkably high contrast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Banerjee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85724; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721; College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ekbal NJ, Dyson A, Black C, Singer M. Monitoring tissue perfusion, oxygenation, and metabolism in critically ill patients. Chest 2013; 143:1799-1808. [PMID: 23732592 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in oxygen transport and use are integral to the development of multiple organ failure; therefore, the ultimate goal of resuscitation is to restore effective tissue oxygenation and cellular metabolism. Hemodynamic monitoring is the cornerstone of management to promptly identify and appropriately manage (impending) organ dysfunction. Prospective randomized trials have confirmed outcome benefit when preemptive or early treatment is directed toward maintaining or restoring adequate tissue perfusion. However, treatment end points remain controversial, in large part because of current difficulties in determining what constitutes "optimal." Information gained from global whole-body monitoring may not detect regional organ perfusion abnormalities until they are well advanced. Conversely, the ideal "canary" organ that is readily accessible for monitoring, yet offers an early and sensitive indicator of tissue "unwellness," remains to be firmly identified. This review describes techniques available for real-time monitoring of tissue perfusion and metabolism and highlights novel developments that may complement or even supersede current tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasirul J Ekbal
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, England
| | - Alex Dyson
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, England
| | - Claire Black
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, England
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, England.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Valdes PA, Jacobs VL, Wilson BC, Leblond F, Roberts DW, Paulsen KD. System and methods for wide-field quantitative fluorescence imaging during neurosurgery. OPTICS LETTERS 2013; 38:2786-8. [PMID: 23903142 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.002786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We report an accurate, precise and sensitive method and system for quantitative fluorescence image-guided neurosurgery. With a low-noise, high-dynamic-range CMOS array, we perform rapid (integration times as low as 50 ms per wavelength) hyperspectral fluorescence and diffuse reflectance detection and apply a correction algorithm to compensate for the distorting effects of tissue absorption and scattering. Using this approach, we generated quantitative wide-field images of fluorescence in tissue-simulating phantoms for the fluorophore PpIX, having concentrations and optical absorption and scattering variations over clinically relevant ranges. The imaging system was tested in a rodent model of glioma, detecting quantitative levels down to 20 ng/ml. The resulting performance is a significant advance on existing wide-field quantitative imaging techniques, and provides performance comparable to a point-spectroscopy probe that has previously demonstrated significant potential for improved detection of malignant brain tumors during surgical resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Valdes
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Paradigm shifts in surgery arise when surgeons are empowered to perform surgery faster, better and less expensively than current standards. Optical imaging that exploits invisible near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent light (700-900 nm) has the potential to improve cancer surgery outcomes, minimize the time patients are under anaesthesia and lower health-care costs largely by way of its improved contrast and depth of tissue penetration relative to visible light. Accordingly, the past few years have witnessed an explosion of proof-of-concept clinical trials in the field. In this Review, we introduce the concept of NIR fluorescence imaging for cancer surgery, examine the clinical trial literature to date and outline the key issues pertaining to imaging system and contrast agent optimization. Although NIR seems to be superior to many traditional imaging techniques, its incorporation into routine care of patients with cancer depends on rigorous clinical trials and validation studies.
Collapse
|