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Koirala B, Concas A, Cincotti A, Sun Y, Hernández A, Goodwin ML, Gladden LB, Lai N. Estimation of differential pathlength factor from NIRS measurement in skeletal muscle. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2024; 326:104283. [PMID: 38788987 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2024.104283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of continuous wave (CW) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device to measure non-invasively muscle oxygenation in healthy and disease states is limited by the uncertainties related to the differential path length factor (DPF). DPF value is required to quantify oxygenated and deoxygenated heme groups' concentration changes from measurement of optical densities by NIRS. An integrated approach that combines animal and computational models of oxygen transport and utilization was used to estimate the DPF value in situ. The canine model of muscle oxidative metabolism allowed measurement of both venous oxygen content and tissue oxygenation by CW NIRS under different oxygen delivery conditions. The experimental data obtained from the animal model were integrated in a computational model of O2 transport and utilization and combined with Beer-Lambert law to estimate DPF value in contracting skeletal muscle. A 2.1 value was found for DPF by fitting the mathematical model to the experimental data obtained in contracting muscle (T3) (Med.Sci.Sports.Exerc.48(10):2013-2020,2016). With the estimated value of DPF, model simulations well predicted the optical density measured by NIRS on the same animal model but with different blood flow, arterial oxygen contents and contraction rate (J.Appl.Physiol.108:1169-1176, 2010 and 112:9-19,2013) and demonstrated the robustness of the approach proposed in estimating DPF value. The approach used can overcome the semi-quantitative nature of the NIRS and estimate non-invasively DPF to obtain an accurate concentration change of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemo groups by CW NIRS measurements in contracting skeletal muscle under different oxygen delivery and contraction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Koirala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A Concas
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Cincotti
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - A Hernández
- Faculty Research Liaison School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts University of California, USA
| | - M L Goodwin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L B Gladden
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - N Lai
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; Biomedical Engineering Institute; Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Machfer A, Tagougui S, Zghal F, Hassen HBH, Fekih N, Amor HIH, Chtourou H, Bouzid MA. Hemodynamic and neuromuscular basis of reduced exercise capacity in patients with end-stage renal disease. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1991-2004. [PMID: 38374473 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to characterize the exercise-induced neuromuscular fatigue and its possible links with cerebral and muscular oxygen supply and utilization to provide mechanistic insights into the reduced exercise capacity characterizing patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). METHODS Thirteen patients with ESRD and thirteen healthy males (CTR group) performed a constant-force sustained isometric contraction at 50% of their maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) until exhaustion. Quadriceps muscle activation during exercise was estimated from vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris EMG. Central and peripheral fatigue were quantified via changes in pre- to postexercise quadriceps voluntary activation (ΔVA) and quadriceps twitch force (ΔQtw,pot) evoked by supramaximal electrical stimulation, respectively. To assess cerebral and muscular oxygenation, throughout exercise, near-infrared spectroscopy allowed investigation of changes in oxyhemoglobin (∆O2Hb), deoxyhemoglobin (∆HHb), and total hemoglobin (∆THb) in the prefrontal cortex and in the vastus lateralis muscle. RESULTS ESRD patients demonstrated lower exercise time to exhaustion than that of CTR (88.8 ± 15.3 s and 119.9 ± 14.6 s, respectively, P < 0.01). Following the exercise, MVC, Qtw,pot, and VA reduction were similar between the groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in muscle oxygenation (∆O2Hb) between the two groups (P > 0.05). Cerebral and muscular blood volume (∆THb) and oxygen extraction (∆HHb) were significantly blunted in the ESRD group (P < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was observed between time to exhaustion and cerebral blood volume (∆THb) in both groups (r2 = 0.64, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These findings support cerebral hypoperfusion as a factor contributing to the reduction in exercise capacity characterizing ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Machfer
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sémah Tagougui
- Université de Lille, Université d'Artois, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS), Lille, France
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Firas Zghal
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Université de La Réunion, IRISSE, Le Tampon, La Réunion, France
| | - Hayfa Ben Haj Hassen
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Fekih
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, 1003, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amine Bouzid
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Orcioli-Silva D, Beretta VS, Santos PCR, Rasteiro FM, Marostegan AB, Vitório R, Gobatto CA, Manchado-Gobatto FB. Cerebral and muscle tissue oxygenation during exercise in healthy adults: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:459-471. [PMID: 38462172 PMCID: PMC11184313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology has allowed for the measurement of cerebral and skeletal muscle oxygenation simultaneously during exercise. Since this technology has been growing and is now successfully used in laboratory and sports settings, this systematic review aimed to synthesize the evidence and enhance an integrative understanding of blood flow adjustments and oxygen (O2) changes (i.e., the balance between O2 delivery and O2 consumption) within the cerebral and muscle systems during exercise. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to search for relevant studies that simultaneously investigated cerebral and muscle hemodynamic changes using the near-infrared spectroscopy system during exercise. This review considered manuscripts written in English and available before February 9, 2023. Each step of screening involved evaluation by 2 independent authors, with disagreements resolved by a third author. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. RESULTS Twenty studies were included, of which 80% had good methodological quality, and involved 290 young or middle-aged adults. Different types of exercises were used to assess cerebral and muscle hemodynamic changes, such as cycling (n = 11), treadmill (n = 1), knee extension (n = 5), isometric contraction of biceps brachii (n = 3), and duet swim routines (n = 1). The cerebral hemodynamics analysis was focused on the frontal cortex (n = 20), while in the muscle, the analysis involved vastus lateralis (n = 18), gastrocnemius (n = 3), biceps brachii (n = 5), deltoid (n = 1), and intercostal muscle (n = 1). Overall, muscle deoxygenation increases during exercise, reaching a plateau in voluntary exhaustion, while in the brain, oxyhemoglobin concentration increases with exercise intensity, reaching a plateau or declining at the exhaustion point. CONCLUSION Muscle and cerebral oxygenation respond differently to exercise, with muscle increasing O2 utilization and cerebral tissue increasing O2 delivery during exercise. However, at the exhaustion point, both muscle and cerebral oxygenation become compromised. This is characterized by a reduction in blood flow and a decrease in O2 extraction in the muscle, while in the brain, oxygenation reaches a plateau or decline, potentially resulting in motor failure during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Orcioli-Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; Posture and Gait Studies Laboratory (LEPLO), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil.
| | - Victor Spiandor Beretta
- Physical Education Department, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cezar Rocha Santos
- Department of Computer Science & Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; Center of Advanced Technologies in Rehabilitation, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 5265601, Israel
| | - Felipe Marroni Rasteiro
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Anita Brum Marostegan
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Vitório
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Fúlvia Barros Manchado-Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology (LAFAE), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, Brazil
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Furno Puglia V, Paquette M, Bergdahl A. Characterization of muscle oxygenation response in well-trained handcyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-024-05524-0. [PMID: 38856729 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peripheral responses might be important in handcycling, given the involvement of small muscles compared to other exercise modalities. Therefore, the goal of this study was to compare changes in muscle oxygen saturation (∆SmO2) and deoxyhemoglobin level (∆[HHb]) between different efforts and muscles. METHODS Handcyclists participated in a Wingate, a maximal incremental test and a 20-min time-trial (TT). Oxygen uptake (VO2) as well as ∆SmO2, ∆[HHb], deoxygenation and reoxygenation rates in the triceps brachii (TB), biceps brachii (BB), anterior deltoid (AD) and extensor carpi radialis brevis (ER) were measured. RESULTS ER ∆[HHb]max was 37% greater in the incremental test than in the Wingate (ES = 0.392, P = 0.031). TT mean power (W/kg) was associated with BB ∆SmO2min measured in the incremental test (r = -0.998 [-1.190, -0.806], P = 0.002) and in the Wingate (r = -0.994 [-1.327, -0.661], P = 0.006). MAP (W/kg) was associated with Wingate BB ∆SmO2min (r = -0.983 [-0.999, -0.839], P = 0.003), and Wingate peak (r = 0.649 [0.379, 0.895], P = 0.008) and mean power (W/kg) (r = 0.925 [0.752, 0.972], P = 0.003) was associated with right handgrip force. The strongest physiological predictor for TT performance was BB ∆SmO2min in the incremental test (P = 0.002, r2 = 0.993, SEE 0.016 W/kg), Wingate BB ∆SmO2min for MAP (P = 0.003, r2 = 0.956, SEE 0.058 W/kg) and right handgrip force for Wingate peak power (P = 0.005, r2 = 0.856, SEE 0.551 W/kg). CONCLUSION Peripheral aerobic responses (muscle oxygenation) were predictive of handcycling performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Furno Puglia
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Institut National du Sport du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | | | - Andreas Bergdahl
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lanzi S, Pousaz A, Fresa M, Besson C, Desgraz B, Gremeaux-Bader V, Mazzolai L. Short-duration aerobic high-intensity intervals versus moderate exercise training intensity in patients with peripheral artery disease: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (the Angiof-HIIT Study). BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081883. [PMID: 38631833 PMCID: PMC11029310 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Supervised exercise training is among the first-line therapies for patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Current recommendations for exercise include guidance focusing on claudication pain, programme and session duration, and frequency. However, no guidance is offered regarding exercise training intensity. This study aims to compare the effects of 12-week-long supervised walking exercise training (high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs moderate-intensity exercise (MOD)) in patients with chronic symptomatic PAD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study is a monocentric, interventional, non-blinded randomised controlled trial. 60 patients (30 in each group) will be randomly allocated (by using the random permuted blocks) to 12 weeks (three times a week) of HIIT or MOD. For HIIT, exercise sessions will consist of alternating brief high-intensity (≥85% of the peak heart rate (HRpeak)) periods (≤60 s) of work with periods of passive rest. Patients will be asked to complete 1 and then 2 sets of 5-7 (progressing to 10-15×60 s) walking intervals. For the MOD group, exercise training sessions will consist of an alternation of periods of work performed at moderate intensity (≤76% HRpeak) and periods of passive rest. Interventions will be matched by training load. The primary outcome will be the maximal walking distance. Secondary outcomes will include functional performance, functional capacity, heath-related quality of life, self-perceived walking abilities, physical activity and haemodynamic parameters. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Angiof-HIIT Study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Canton de Vaud (study number: 2022-01752). Written consent is mandatory prior to enrolment and randomisation. The results will be disseminated via national and international scientific meetings, scientific peer-reviewed journals and social media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05612945.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lanzi
- Angiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anina Pousaz
- Angiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Fresa
- Angiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Besson
- Department of Sports Medicine, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Desgraz
- Department of Sports Medicine, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Gremeaux-Bader
- Department of Sports Medicine, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Mazzolai
- Angiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Perrey S, Quaresima V, Ferrari M. Muscle Oximetry in Sports Science: An Updated Systematic Review. Sports Med 2024; 54:975-996. [PMID: 38345731 PMCID: PMC11052892 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last 5 years since our last systematic review, a significant number of articles have been published on the technical aspects of muscle near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), the interpretation of the signals and the benefits of using the NIRS technique to measure the physiological status of muscles and to determine the workload of working muscles. OBJECTIVES Considering the consistent number of studies on the application of muscle oximetry in sports science published over the last 5 years, the objectives of this updated systematic review were to highlight the applications of muscle oximetry in the assessment of skeletal muscle oxidative performance in sports activities and to emphasize how this technology has been applied to exercise and training over the last 5 years. In addition, some recent instrumental developments will be briefly summarized. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines were followed in a systematic fashion to search, appraise and synthesize existing literature on this topic. Electronic databases such as Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed and SPORTDiscus were searched from March 2017 up to March 2023. Potential inclusions were screened against eligibility criteria relating to recreationally trained to elite athletes, with or without training programmes, who must have assessed physiological variables monitored by commercial oximeters or NIRS instrumentation. RESULTS Of the identified records, 191 studies regrouping 3435 participants, met the eligibility criteria. This systematic review highlighted a number of key findings in 37 domains of sport activities. Overall, NIRS information can be used as a meaningful marker of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and can become one of the primary monitoring tools in practice in conjunction with, or in comparison with, heart rate or mechanical power indices in diverse exercise contexts and across different types of training and interventions. CONCLUSIONS Although the feasibility and success of the use of muscle oximetry in sports science is well documented, there is still a need for further instrumental development to overcome current instrumental limitations. Longitudinal studies are urgently needed to strengthen the benefits of using muscle oximetry in sports science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Perrey
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, University of Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
| | - Valentina Quaresima
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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McDermott A, Nevin A, Gildea N, Rocha J, O'Shea D, Egaña M. Muscle deoxygenation during ramp incremental cycle exercise in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:561-571. [PMID: 37638974 PMCID: PMC10858067 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore profiles of fractional O2 extraction (using near-infrared spectroscopy) during ramp incremental cycling in older individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Twelve individuals with T2D (mean ± SD, age: 63 ± 3 years) and 12 healthy controls (mean age: 65 ± 3 years) completed a ramp cycling exercise. Rates of muscle deoxygenation (i.e., deoxygenated haemoglobin and myoglobin, Δ[HHb + Mb]) profiles of the vastus lateralis muscle were normalised to 100% of the response, plotted against absolute (W) and relative (%peak) power output (PO) and fitted with a double linear regression model. RESULTS Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced in T2D (23.0 ± 4.2 ml.kg-1.min-1) compared with controls (28.3 ± 5.3 ml.kg-1.min-1). The slope of the first linear segment of the model was greater (median (interquartile range)) in T2D (1.06 (1.50)) than controls (0.79 (1.06)) when Δ%[HHb + Mb] was plotted as a function of PO. In addition, the onset of the second linear segment of the Δ%[HHb + Mb]/PO model occurred at a lower exercise intensity in T2D (101 ± 35 W) than controls (140 ± 34 W) and it displayed a near-plateau response in both groups. When the relationship of the Δ%[HHb + Mb] profile was expressed as a function of %PO no differences were observed in any parameters of the double linear model. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that older individuals with uncomplicated T2D demonstrate greater fractional oxygen extraction for a given absolute PO compared with older controls. Thus, the reductions in V̇O2peak in older people with T2D are likely influenced by impairments in microvascular O2 delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam McDermott
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Aaron Nevin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Norita Gildea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Donal O'Shea
- Endocrinology, St Columcille's and St Vincent's Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mikel Egaña
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Lu Y, Sun N, Wu P, Zhou G, Peng L, Tang J. The application of infrared thermography technology in flap: A perspective from bibliometric and visual analysis. Int Wound J 2023; 20:4308-4327. [PMID: 37551726 PMCID: PMC10681462 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of infrared thermography technology (IRT) in flap has become a major focus of research, as it provides a non-invasive, real-time, and quantitative approach for monitoring flap perfusion. In this regard, we conducted a comprehensive visualization and scientometric analysis to systematically summarize and discuss the current state of research in this field. We systematically reviewed publications on the application of IRT in flap procedures from 1999 to 2022, using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Through scientometric analysis, we examined annual trends, affiliations, countries, journals, authors, and their relationships, providing insights into current hotspots and future developments in this area. We analysed 522 English studies and found a steady increase in annual publications. The United States and Germany had the highest publication rates, with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Shanghai Jiaotong University being leading institutions. Notably, Lee BT and Alex Keller emerged as influential authors in this field. Compared to existing techniques, infrared-based technology offers significant advantages for non-invasive monitoring of flap perfusion, including simplicity of operation and objective results. Future trends should focus on interdisciplinary collaborations to develop new infrared devices and achieve intelligent image processing, enabling broader application in various clinical scenarios. This bibliometric study summarizes the progress and landscape of research on 'the Application of infrared thermography technology in flap' over the past two decades, providing valuable insights and serving as a reliable reference to drive further advancements and spark researchers' interest in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & MicrosurgeryXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Nianzhe Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & MicrosurgeryXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Panfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & MicrosurgeryXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Guoling Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & MicrosurgeryXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Xiangya Nursing SchoolCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Lingli Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & MicrosurgeryXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Xiangya Nursing SchoolCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Juyu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hand & MicrosurgeryXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric DisordersXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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Hartman ME. Prefrontal NIRS signal is unaffected by forehead Doppler flux during incremental cycling exercise. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2023; 43:393-403. [PMID: 37243413 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is used to measure tissue concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (O2 Hb) and deoxyhemoglobin (HHb). In the context of exercise, NIRS confers a higher signal-to-noise ratio than other neuroimaging techniques. However, part of the signal may be influenced by thermoregulatory hyperemia in the superficial cutaneous capillaries of the forehead. The degree to which NIRS signals during exercise reflect cerebral or extracerebral hemodynamic changes is a continuing source of controversy. However, the influence of skin blood flow may be attenuated depending on the NIRS technique (e.g., frequency domain machines with maximal optode separation distances >3.5 cm). The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in forehead skin blood flow and cerebral hemoglobin concentration during incremental exercise versus direct vasodilation of the forehead skin induced by gradual local heating. Thirty participants (12 females, 18 males; age: 20.8 ± 3.2 years; body mass index: 23.8 ± 3.7 kg·m-2 ) participated in the study. Forehead skin blood flow was quantified laser Doppler flux and absolute concentrations of cerebral O2 Hb and HHb were measured by NIRS. Local heating significantly increased the Doppler flux signal across time and these changes were significantly correlated with skin temperature. During incremental exercise, skin temperature, Doppler flux, O2 Hb and HHb increased however, the only significant change that was consistently correlated with Doppler flux was skin temperature. Therefore, a significant change in forehead skin blood flow may not significantly the NIRS hemoglobin data, depending on the type of NIRS device used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Hartman
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
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Frabasile L, Amendola C, Buttafava M, Chincarini M, Contini D, Cozzi B, De Zani D, Guerri G, Lacerenza M, Minero M, Petrizzi L, Qiu L, Rabbogliatti V, Rossi E, Spinelli L, Straticò P, Vignola G, Zani DD, Dalla Costa E, Torricelli A. Non-invasive estimation of in vivo optical properties and hemodynamic parameters of domestic animals: a preliminary study on horses, dogs, and sheep. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1243325. [PMID: 37789868 PMCID: PMC10543119 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1243325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosensors applied in veterinary medicine serve as a noninvasive method to determine the health status of animals and, indirectly, their level of welfare. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been suggested as a technology with this application. This study presents preliminary in vivo time domain NIRS measurements of optical properties (absorption coefficient, reduced scattering coefficient, and differential pathlength factor) and hemodynamic parameters (concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, total hemoglobin, and tissue oxygen saturation) of tissue domestic animals, specifically of skeletal muscle (4 dogs and 6 horses) and head (4 dogs and 19 sheep). The results suggest that TD NIRS in vivo measurements on domestic animals are feasible, and reveal significant variations in the optical and hemodynamic properties among tissue types and species. In horses the different optical and hemodynamic properties of the measured muscles can be attributed to the presence of a thicker adipose layer over the muscle in the Longissimus Dorsi and in the Gluteus Superficialis as compared to the Triceps Brachii. In dogs the absorption coefficient is higher in the head (temporalis musculature) than in skeletal muscles. The smaller absorption coefficient for the head of the sheep as compared to the head of dogs may suggest that in sheep we are indeed reaching the brain cortex while in dog light penetration can be hindered by the strongly absorbing muscle covering the cranium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matteo Chincarini
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Davide Contini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università degli Studi di Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Donatella De Zani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Giulia Guerri
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Michela Minero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Lucio Petrizzi
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lina Qiu
- School of Software, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vanessa Rabbogliatti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rossi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Teramo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Straticò
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vignola
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Davide Danilo Zani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Emanuela Dalla Costa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali (DIVAS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Milan, Italy
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11
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Liau BY, Lung CW, Hernandez ME, Mo PC, Li Y, Guo J, Jan YK. Using cross-correlation analysis of multi-channel near infrared spectroscopy to assess the hemodynamic response to cupping therapy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4455-4467. [PMID: 37791272 PMCID: PMC10545202 DOI: 10.1364/boe.493897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Cupping therapy is a common intervention for the management of musculoskeletal impairment. Previous studies have demonstrated that cupping therapy can improve muscle hemodynamic responses using single-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). However, the effects of cupping therapy on spatial hemodynamic responses as well as the correlation between oxyhemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin are largely unknown. The cross-correlation function (CCF) algorithm was used to determine the correlation between time-series NIRS signals from inside and outside the cup as well as time-series oxyhemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin under 4 cupping intensities, including -225 and -300 mmHg for 5 and 10 min. The main finding was that the maximum CCF values of oxyhemoglobin was significantly higher than those in deoxy-hemoglobin (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that there was a correlation between deoxy-hemoglobin with a longer duration and a larger magnitude of negative pressure. This is the first study investigating time-series hemodynamic responses after cupping therapy using cross-correlation function analysis of multi-channel NIRS signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Yi Liau
- Department of Automatic Control Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Lung
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Creative Product Design, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Manuel E. Hernandez
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Pu-Chun Mo
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yameng Li
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yih-Kuen Jan
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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He J, Luo A, Yu J, Qian C, Liu D, Hou M, Ma Y. Quantitative assessment of spasticity: a narrative review of novel approaches and technologies. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1121323. [PMID: 37475737 PMCID: PMC10354649 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1121323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Spasticity is a complex neurological disorder, causing significant physical disabilities and affecting patients' independence and quality of daily lives. Current spasticity assessment methods are questioned for their non-standardized measurement protocols, limited reliabilities, and capabilities in distinguishing neuron or non-neuron factors in upper motor neuron lesion. A series of new approaches are developed for improving the effectiveness of current clinical used spasticity assessment methods with the developing technology in biosensors, robotics, medical imaging, biomechanics, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence. We investigated the reliabilities and effectiveness of current spasticity measures employed in clinical environments and the newly developed approaches, published from 2016 to date, which have the potential to be used in clinical environments. The new spasticity scales, taking advantage of quantified information such as torque, or echo intensity, the velocity-dependent feature and patients' self-reported information, grade spasticity semi-quantitatively, have competitive or better reliability than previous spasticity scales. Medical imaging technologies, including near-infrared spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound and thermography, can measure muscle hemodynamics and metabolism, muscle tissue properties, or temperature of tissue. Medical imaging-based methods are feasible to provide quantitative information in assessing and monitoring muscle spasticity. Portable devices, robotic based equipment or myotonometry, using information from angular, inertial, torque or surface EMG sensors, can quantify spasticity with the help of machine learning algorithms. However, spasticity measures using those devices are normally not physiological sound. Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation can assess patients with severe spasticity, which lost voluntary contractions. Neuromusculoskeletal modeling evaluates the neural and non-neural properties and may gain insights into the underlying pathology of spasticity muscles. Telemedicine technology enables outpatient spasticity assessment. The newly developed spasticity methods aim to standardize experimental protocols and outcome measures and enable quantified, accurate, and intelligent assessment. However, more work is needed to investigate and improve the effectiveness and accuracy of spasticity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Anhua Luo
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiajia Yu
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chengxi Qian
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- School of Information Management and Artificial Intelligence, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meijin Hou
- National Joint Engineering Research Centre of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation (Fujian University of TCM), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ye Ma
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- National Joint Engineering Research Centre of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation (Fujian University of TCM), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
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Osmani F, Lago-Fuentes C, Alemany-Iturriaga J, Barcala-Furelos M. The relationship of muscle oxygen saturation analyzer with other monitoring and quantification tools in a maximal incremental treadmill test. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1155037. [PMID: 37275231 PMCID: PMC10232742 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1155037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The study aims to explore whether NIRS derived data can be used to identify the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) during a maximal incremental treadmill test in non-professional runners and to determine if there is a correlation between SmO2 and other valid and reliable exercise performance assessment measures or parameters for maximal incremental test, such as lactate concentration (LT), RPE, HR, and running power (W). Methods: 24 participants were recruited for the study (5 women and 19 men). The devices used consisted of the following: i) a muscle oxygen saturation analyzer placed on the vastus lateralis of the right leg, ii) the Stryd power meter for running, iii) the Polar H7 heart rate band; and iv) the lactate analyzer. In addition, a subjective perceived exertion scale (RPE 1-10) was used. All of the previously mentioned devices were used in a maximal incremental treadmill test, which began at a speed of 8 km/h with a 1% slope and a speed increase of 1.2 km/h every 3 min. This was followed by a 30-s break to collect the lactate data between each 3-min stage. Spearman correlation was carried out and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The VT2 was observed at 87,41 ± 6,47% of the maximal aerobic speed (MAS) of each participant. No relationship between lactate data and SmO2 values (p = 0.076; r = -0.156) at the VT2 were found. No significant correlations were found between the SmO2 variables and the other variables (p > 0.05), but a high level of significance and strong correlations were found between all the following variables: power data (W), heart rate (HR), lactate concentration (LT) and RPE (p < 0.05; r > 0.5). Discussion: SmO2 data alone were not enough to determine the VT2, and there were no significant correlations between SmO2 and the other studied variables during the maximal incremental treadmill test. Only 8 subjects had a breakpoint at the VT2 determined by lactate data. Conclusion: The NIRS tool, Humon Hex, does not seem to be useful in determining VT2 and it does not correlate with the other variables in a maximal incremental treadmill test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Osmani
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Carlos Lago-Fuentes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Josep Alemany-Iturriaga
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Martín Barcala-Furelos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
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14
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Cayot TE, Herbert B, Klika RJ. Treatment side affects exercising microvascular oxygenation response in active breast cancer survivors: A pilot study. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2023; 43:96-102. [PMID: 36376074 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is associated with cardiovascular toxicity, skeletal muscle dysfunction and interruptions in mitochondrial respiration. Microvascular oxygenation responses, measured via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), at peak exercise intensity has previously been associated with aerobic capacity. Specifically, the greater magnitude of microvascular deoxygenation observed at peak exercise intensity has been associated with higher aerobic capacity. Therefore, a pilot study investigated if diagnosis side (uninvolved side, treatment side) and/or exercise side (paddle side, non-paddle side) affected microvascular oxygenation responses at peak intensity during paddle exercise. Thirty-three breast cancer survivors (age = 57 ± 9 years, height = 1.64 ± 0.05 m, weight = 76.5 ± 15.6 kg, 7 ± 7 years since treatment) who also competed as dragon boat racers performed a unilateral (paddle), discontinuous graded exercise test (2-min exercise, 1-min rest) on a rowing ergometer to volitional fatigue. Tissue oxygenation saturation (StO2DIFF ) and total haemoglobin concentration (total[heme]DIFF ) responses at peak exercise intensity were measured bilaterally from the posterior deltoids using NIRS. Two-way analysis of variance determined if diagnosis side and/or exercise side effected StO2DIFF or total[heme]DIFF . Diagnosis side elicited a moderate effect (effect size = 0.66) on StO2DIFF , as the treatment side deoxygenated less (-6.0 ± 14.7 ∆BSL) compared to the uninvolved side (-16.9 ± 16.9 ∆BSL) at peak exercise intensity. No other significant main effects or interactions were observed for StO2DIFF or total[heme]DIFF . The pilot findings suggest that the ability of the exercising muscle to use oxygen for the purpose of mitochondrial oxidative respiration may be impaired on the treatment side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent E Cayot
- Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Sport Sciences, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Brooklyn Herbert
- Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Sport Sciences, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Riggs J Klika
- Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Sport Sciences, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Aspen Cancer Survivor Center, Aspen, Colorado, USA
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15
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Santarém D, Machado I, Sampaio J, Abrantes C. Comparing the effects of dynamic and holding isometric contractions on cardiovascular, perceptual, and near-infrared spectroscopy parameters: A pilot study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281885. [PMID: 36795732 PMCID: PMC9934453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effect of muscle contraction type on SmO2 during a dynamic contraction protocol (DYN) and a holding isometric contraction protocol (ISO) in the back squat exercise. Ten voluntary participants (age: 26.6 ± 5.0 years, height: 176.8 ± 8.0 cm, body mass: 76.7 ± 8.1 kg, and one-repetition maximum (1RM): 112.0 ± 33.1 kg) with back squat experience were recruited. The DYN consisted of 3 sets of 16 repetitions at 50% of 1RM (56.0 ± 17.4 kg), with a 120-second rest interval between sets and 2 seconds per movement cycle. The ISO consisted of 3 sets of 1 isometric contraction with the same weight and duration as the DYN (32 seconds). Through near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the vastus lateralis (VL), soleus (SL), longissimus (LG), and semitendinosus (ST) muscles, the minimum SmO2 (SmO2 min), mean SmO2 (SmO2 avg), percent change from baseline (SmO2 Δdeoxy) and time to recovery 50% of baseline value (t SmO2 50%reoxy) were determined. No changes in SmO2 avg were found in the VL, LG, and ST muscles, however the SL muscle had lower values in DYN, in the 1st set (p = 0.002) and in the 2nd set (p = 0.044). In terms of SmO2 min and ΔSmO2 deoxy, only the SL muscle showed differences (p≤0.05) and lower values in the DYN compared to ISO regardless of the set. The t SmO2 50%reoxy was higher in the VL muscle after ISO, only in the 3rd set. These preliminary data suggested that varying the type of muscle contraction in back squat with the same load and exercise time resulted in a lower SmO2 min in the SL muscle in DYN, most likely because of a higher demand for specialized muscle activation, indicating a larger oxygen supply-consumption gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Santarém
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Isabel Machado
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jaime Sampaio
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Catarina Abrantes
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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16
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Muscle oxygenation is associated with bilateral strength asymmetry during isokinetic testing in sport teams. Sci Sports 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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17
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Adding heat stress to repeated-sprint training in hypoxia does not enhance performance improvements in canoe/kayak athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:339-349. [PMID: 36278988 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05054-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study investigated the effects of adding heat stress to repeated-sprint training in hypoxia on performance and physiological adaptations in well-trained athletes. METHODS Sixteen canoe/kayak sprinters conducted 2 weeks of repeated-sprint training consisting of three sets of 5 × 10 s sprints with 20 s active recovery periods under conditions of either normobaric hypoxia (RSH, FiO2: 14.5%, ambient temperature: 18 ℃, n = 8) or combined heat and normobaric hypoxia (RSHH, FiO2: 14.5%, ambient temperature: 38 ℃, n = 8). Before and after training, the 10 × 10 s repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test and 500 m time trial were performed on a canoe/kayak ergometer. RESULTS Peak and average power outputs during the RSA test were significantly improved after training in both RSH (peak power: + 21.5 ± 4.6%, P < 0.001; average power: + 12.5 ± 1.9%, P < 0.001) and RSHH groups (peak power: + 18.8 ± 6.6%, P = 0.005; average power: + 10.9 ± 6.8%, P = 0.030). Indirect variables of skeletal muscle oxygen extraction (deoxygenated hemoglobin) and blood perfusion (total hemoglobin) during the RSA test were significantly increased after training in the RSH group (P = 0.041 and P = 0.034, respectively) but not in the RSHH group. In addition, finish time during the 500 m time trial was significantly shortened after the training only in the RSH group (RSH: - 3.9 ± 0.8%, P = 0.005; RSHH: - 3.1 ± 1.4%, P = 0.078). CONCLUSION Adding heat stress to RSH does not enhance performance improvement and may partially mask muscle tissue adaptation.
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Marume K, Mugele H, Ueno R, Amin SB, Lesmana HS, Possnig C, Hansen AB, Simpson LL, Lawley JS. The impact of leg position on muscle blood flow and oxygenation during low-intensity rhythmic plantarflexion exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:1091-1099. [PMID: 36645478 PMCID: PMC10119266 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resistance training (RT) is an effective countermeasure to combat physical deconditioning whereby localized hypoxia within the limb increases metabolic stress eliciting muscle adaptation. The current study sought to examine the influence of gravity on muscle oxygenation (SmO2) alongside vascular hemodynamic responses. METHODS In twelve young healthy adults, an ischemic occlusion test and seven minutes of low-intensity rhythmic plantarflexion exercise were used alongside superficial femoral blood flow and calf near-infrared spectroscopy to assess the microvascular vasodilator response, conduit artery flow-mediated dilation, exercise-induced hyperemia, and SmO2 with the leg positioned above or below the heart in a randomized order. RESULTS The microvascular vasodilator response, assessed by peak blood flow (798 ± 231 mL/min vs. 1348 ± 290 mL/min; p < 0.001) and reperfusion slope 10 s of SmO2 after cuff deflation (0.75 ± 0.45%.s-1 vs.2.40 ± 0.94%.s-1; p < 0.001), was attenuated with the leg above the heart. This caused a blunted dilatation of the superficial femoral artery (3.0 ± 2.4% vs. 5.2 ± 2.1%; p = 0.008). Meanwhile, blood flow area under the curve was comparable (above the heart: 445 ± 147 mL vs. below the heart: 474 ± 118 mL; p = 0.55) in both leg positions. During rhythmic exercise, the increase in femoral blood flow was lower in the leg up position (above the heart: 201 ± 94% vs. below the heart: 292 ± 114%; p = 0.001) and contributed to a lower SmO2 (above the heart: 41 ± 18% vs. below the heart 67 ± 5%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Positioning the leg above the heart results in attenuated peak vascular dilator response and exercise-induced hyperemia that coincided with a lower SmO2 during low-intensity plantarflexion exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Marume
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Hendrik Mugele
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ryo Ueno
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sachin B Amin
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Carmen Possnig
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander B Hansen
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lydia L Simpson
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Justin S Lawley
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy.
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Behrens M, Gube M, Chaabene H, Prieske O, Zenon A, Broscheid KC, Schega L, Husmann F, Weippert M. Fatigue and Human Performance: An Updated Framework. Sports Med 2023; 53:7-31. [PMID: 36258141 PMCID: PMC9807493 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Fatigue has been defined differently in the literature depending on the field of research. The inconsistent use of the term fatigue complicated scientific communication, thereby limiting progress towards a more in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. Therefore, Enoka and Duchateau (Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:2228-38, 2016, [3]) proposed a fatigue framework that distinguishes between trait fatigue (i.e., fatigue experienced by an individual over a longer period of time) and motor or cognitive task-induced state fatigue (i.e., self-reported disabling symptom derived from the two interdependent attributes performance fatigability and perceived fatigability). Thereby, performance fatigability describes a decrease in an objective performance measure, while perceived fatigability refers to the sensations that regulate the integrity of the performer. Although this framework served as a good starting point to unravel the psychophysiology of fatigue, several important aspects were not included and the interdependence of the mechanisms driving performance fatigability and perceived fatigability were not comprehensively discussed. Therefore, the present narrative review aimed to (1) update the fatigue framework suggested by Enoka and Duchateau (Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:2228-38, 2016, [3]) pertaining the taxonomy (i.e., cognitive performance fatigue and perceived cognitive fatigue were added) and important determinants that were not considered previously (e.g., effort perception, affective valence, self-regulation), (2) discuss the mechanisms underlying performance fatigue and perceived fatigue in response to motor and cognitive tasks as well as their interdependence, and (3) provide recommendations for future research on these interactions. We propose to define motor or cognitive task-induced state fatigue as a psychophysiological condition characterized by a decrease in motor or cognitive performance (i.e., motor or cognitive performance fatigue, respectively) and/or an increased perception of fatigue (i.e., perceived motor or cognitive fatigue). These dimensions are interdependent, hinge on different determinants, and depend on body homeostasis (e.g., wakefulness, core temperature) as well as several modulating factors (e.g., age, sex, diseases, characteristics of the motor or cognitive task). Consequently, there is no single factor primarily determining performance fatigue and perceived fatigue in response to motor or cognitive tasks. Instead, the relative weight of each determinant and their interaction are modulated by several factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Behrens
- Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Martin Gube
- Department of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Olaf Prieske
- Division of Exercise and Movement, University of Applied Sciences for Sports and Management Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexandre Zenon
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA)-UMR 5287, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Kim-Charline Broscheid
- Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Schega
- Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Weippert
- Department of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Hun Kim S, Beom Shin Y, Shin MJ, Hui Hong C, Huh S, Yoo W, Lee K. Effects of walking with a portable oxygen concentrator on muscle oxygenation while performing normal or pursed-lip breathing in patients with interstitial lung disease: a randomized crossover trial. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2023; 17:17534666231186732. [PMID: 37462163 DOI: 10.1177/17534666231186732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), decreased oxygen saturation (SpO2) reduces physical performance and causes exertional dyspnea. Portable oxygen concentrator (POC) and pursed-lip breathing (PLB) have the potential to improve these parameters in ILD patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of PLB while using a POC during walking in ILD patients. DESIGN Prospective, randomized crossover trial. METHODS We compared two breathing techniques. Participants not trained in PLB received a familiarization session before the first 6-min walking test (6MWT). During the first visit, patients performed the 6MWT under natural breathing (NB1) without oxygen (O2); during the second visit, they performed the 6MWT twice, once each with PLB (PLB1) and natural breathing (NB2) under O2 supplementation, to compare the effectiveness of NB and PLB. RESULTS Twenty participants were recruited; half had exercise-induced desaturation (EID) and half normal SpO2. In the normoxemia group (NG), the difference in the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) between NB1 and PLB1 was 28.8 ± 24.0 m, indicating reduced exercise capacity in PLB1. There were no significant differences in the quadriceps tissue saturation index (TSI), SpO2, and 6MWD between the PLB1 and NB2 in any patient or subgroup. All participants showed a significant increase in the SpO2 at rest, nadir SpO2, and mean SpO2 during the 6MWT with PLB and NB2 using a POC than with NB1. TSI showed a significant improvement at the beginning of 6MWT in ILD patients with EID in the PLB and NB2 condition. CONCLUSION Acute exposure to PLB did not improve symptoms, muscle oxygenation, or SpO2; however, it decreased the walking distance in the normoxemia group. POC improved leg muscle oxygenation in ILD patients with EID. The use of PLB and POC should be prescribed according to disease characteristics and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jun Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Hui Hong
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Huh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanho Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangha Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 179, Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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21
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Rocha J, Gildea N, O’Shea D, Green S, Egaña M. Priming exercise accelerates oxygen uptake kinetics during high-intensity cycle exercise in middle-aged individuals with type 2 diabetes. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1006993. [PMID: 36505082 PMCID: PMC9727537 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1006993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The primary phase time constant of pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics (V · O 2 τ p) during submaximal efforts is longer in middle-aged people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), partly due to limitations in oxygen supply to active muscles. This study examined if a high-intensity "priming" exercise (PE) would speedV · O 2 τ p during a subsequent high-intensity cycling exercise in T2D due to enhanced oxygen delivery. Methods: Eleven (4 women) middle-aged individuals with type 2 diabetes and 11 (4 women) non-diabetic controls completed four separate cycling bouts each starting at an 'unloaded' baseline of 10 W and transitioning to a high-intensity constant-load. Two of the four cycling bouts were preceded by priming exercise. The dynamics of pulmonaryV · O 2 and muscle deoxygenation (i.e. deoxygenated haemoglobin and myoglobin concentration [HHb + Mb]), were calculated from breath-by-breath and near-infrared spectroscopy data at the vastus lateralis, respectively. Results: At baselineV · O 2 τ p, was slower (p < 0.001) in the type 2 diabetes group (48 ± 6 s) compared to the control group (34 ± 2 s) but priming exercise significantly reducedV · O 2 τ p (p < 0.001) in type 2 diabetes (32 ± 6 s) so that post priming exercise it was not different compared with controls (34 ± 3 s). Priming exercise reduced the amplitude of theV · O 2 slow component (As) in both groups (type 2 diabetes: 0.26 ± 0.11 to 0.16 ± 0.07 L/min; control: 0.33 ± 0.13 to 0.25 ± 0.14 L/min, p < 0.001), while [HHb + Mb] kinetics remained unchanged. Conclusion: These results suggest that in middle-aged men and women with T2D, PE speedsV · O 2 τ p likely by a better matching of O2 delivery to utilisation and reduces theV · O 2 As during a subsequent high-intensity exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Rocha
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Norita Gildea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Donal O’Shea
- Endocrinology, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Green
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, AU-NSW, Australia
| | - Mikel Egaña
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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22
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Paulauskas R, Nekriošius R, Dadelienė R, Sousa A, Figueira B. Muscle Oxygenation Measured with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Following Different Intermittent Training Protocols in a World-Class Kayaker-A Case Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8238. [PMID: 36365935 PMCID: PMC9653646 DOI: 10.3390/s22218238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Training elite kayakers at a distance of 1000 m is associated with aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, while intermittent training, in a variety of forms, is one of the effective ways to improve cardiorespiratory and metabolic function. Thus, this study aimed to investigate muscle oxygenation responses during repetition training (RT), interval training (IT), and sprint interval training (SIT). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitors were placed on the latissimus dorsi (LD), pectoralis major (PM), and vastus lateralis (VL) of a world-class kayaker during their preparatory period. The intensity of work, relief, and recovery intervals were the independent variables that were manipulated using three different training protocols. The inferential analysis between intermittent training protocols showed significant differences for all variables except total the hemoglobin (tHb) index in LD during bout 2 (F = 2.83, p = 0.1, ηp2 = 0.205); bout 3 (F = 2.7, p = 0.125, ηp2 = 0.193); bout 4 (F = 1.8, p = 0.202, ηp2 = 0.141); and bout 6 (F = 1.1, p = 0.327, ηp2 = 0.092). During the rest bouts, all training protocols showed significant differences for all variables except muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) in the VL during bout 5 (F = 4.4, p = 0.053, ηp2 = 0.286) and tHb in VL during bout 1 (F = 2.28, p = 0.132, ηp2 = 0.172); bout 2 (F = 0.564, p = 0.561, ηp2 = 0.049); bout 3 (F = 1.752, p = 0.205, ηp2 = 0.137); bout 4 (F = 1.216, p = 0.301, ηp2 = 0.1); and bout 6 (F = 4.146, p = 0.053, ηp2 = 0.274). The comparison between IT protocols RT and SIT presented similar results. All variables presented higher values during SIT, except HR results. Finally, the comparison between IT and SIT showed significant differences in several variables, and a clear trend was identified. The results of this study suggest that the application of different intermittent exercise protocols promotes distinct and significant changes in the peripheral effect of muscle oxygenation in response to training stimuli and may be internal predictors of hemodynamic and metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rūtenis Paulauskas
- Educational Research Institute, Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, 44244 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ričardas Nekriošius
- Department of Applied Biology and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sport University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Dadelienė
- Institute of Health Science, Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ana Sousa
- Research Center for Sports, Exercise and Human Development, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center for Sports, Exercise and Human Development, University of Maia, ISMAI, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
| | - Bruno Figueira
- Educational Research Institute, Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, 44244 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Research Center for Sports, Exercise and Human Development, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Effects of Acute Moderate Hypoxia versus Normoxia on Metabolic and Cardiac Function and Skeletal Muscle Oxygenation during Endurance Exercise at the Same Heart Rate Level. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100975. [PMID: 36295877 PMCID: PMC9609186 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of acute moderate hypoxia (HYP), compared with those of normoxia (NORM), during endurance exercise with the same HR level on metabolic function, skeletal muscle oxygenation, and cardiac function. Twelve healthy men (aged 25.1 ± 2.3 years) completed 30 min of endurance exercise using a cycle ergometer with the same HR level (136.5 ± 1.5 bpm) corresponding to 70% maximal heart rate (HRmax) under NORM (760 mmHg) and HYP (526 mmHg, simulated 3000 m altitude) after a 30 min exposure in the respective environments on different days, in random order. Exercise load, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), metabolic function (saturation of percutaneous oxygen; SpO2, minute ventilation; oxygen uptake; VO2, carbon dioxide excretion; respiratory exchange ratio; RER, and oxygen pulse), skeletal muscle oxygen profiles (oxyhemoglobin, oxhb, deoxyhemoglobin, dxhb, total hemoglobin, and tissue oxygenation index; StO2), and cardiac function (heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and ejection fraction) were measured during endurance exercise. HYP showed a lower exercise load with the same RPE during exercise than did NORM. In addition, HYP showed a lower SpO2, VO2, oxygen pulse, oxhb, and StO2, and a higher RER and dxhb during exercise than NORM. We found that HYP showed lower exercise load and VO2 at the same RPE than NORM and also confirmed a higher anaerobic metabolism and oxygen inflow into skeletal muscle tissue due to the limitation of oxygen delivery capacity.
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24
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Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7040087. [PMID: 36278748 PMCID: PMC9590092 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems are intrinsically interconnected, sharing the goal of delivering oxygen to metabolically active tissue. Deficiencies within those systems that affect oxygen delivery to working tissues are a hallmark of advancing age. Oxygen delivery and utilization are reflected as muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) and are assessed using near-infrared resonance spectroscopy (NIRS). SmO2 has been observed to be reduced by ~38% at rest, ~24% during submaximal exercise, and ~59% during maximal exercise with aging (>65 y). Furthermore, aging prolongs restoration of SmO2 back to baseline by >50% after intense exercise. Regulatory factors that contribute to reduced SmO2 with age include blood flow, capillarization, endothelial cells, nitric oxide, and mitochondrial function. These mechanisms are governed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the cellular level. However, mishandling of ROS with age ultimately leads to alterations in structure and function of the regulatory factors tasked with maintaining SmO2. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current state of the literature regarding age-related effects in SmO2. Furthermore, we attempt to bridge the gap between SmO2 and associated underlying mechanisms affected by aging.
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25
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Bursais AK, Gentles JA, Albujulaya NM, Stone MH. Field based assessment of a tri-axial accelerometers validity to identify steps and reliability to quantify external load. Front Physiol 2022; 13:942954. [PMID: 36171976 PMCID: PMC9510681 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.942954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The monitoring of accelerometry derived load has received increased attention in recent years. However, the ability of such measures to quantify training load during sport-related activities is not well established. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of tri-axial accelerometers to identify step count and quantify external load during several locomotor conditions including walking, jogging, and running. Method: Thirty physically active college students (height = 176.8 ± 6.1 cm, weight = 82.3 ± 12.8 kg) participated. Acceleration data was collected via two tri-axial accelerometers (Device A and B) sampling at 100 Hz, mounted closely together at the xiphoid process. Each participant completed two trials of straight-line walking, jogging, and running on a 20 m course. Device A was used to assess accelerometer validity to identify step count and the test-retest reliability of the instrument to quantify the external load. Device A and Device B were used to assess inter-device reliability. The reliability of accelerometry-derived metrics Impulse Load (IL) and Magnitude g (MAG) were assessed. Results: The instrument demonstrated a positive predictive value (PPV) ranging between 96.98%–99.41% and an agreement ranging between 93.08%–96.29% for step detection during all conditions. Good test-retest reliability was found with a coefficient of variation (CV) <5% for IL and MAG during all locomotor conditions. Good inter-device reliability was also found for all locomotor conditions (IL and MAG CV < 5%). Conclusion: This research indicates that tri-axial accelerometers can be used to identify steps and quantify external load when movement is completed at a range of speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmalek K. Bursais
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Abdulmalek K. Bursais,
| | - Jeremy A. Gentles
- Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Naif M. Albujulaya
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Michael H. Stone
- Center of Excellence for Sport Science and Coach Education, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
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26
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Tan R, Pennell A, Price KM, Karl ST, Seekamp-Hicks NG, Paniagua KK, Weiderman GD, Powell JP, Sharabidze LK, Lincoln IG, Kim JM, Espinoza MF, Hammer MA, Goulding RP, Bailey SJ. Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Performance and Muscle Oxygenation during Resistance Exercise in Men. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183703. [PMID: 36145080 PMCID: PMC9504620 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to assess the effects of acute and short-term nitrate (NO3−)-rich beetroot juice (BR) supplementation on performance outcomes and muscle oxygenation during bench press and back squat exercise. Fourteen recreationally active males were assigned in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design to supplement for 4 days in two conditions: (1) NO3−-depleted beetroot juice (PL; 0.10 mmol NO3− per day) and (2) BR (11.8 mmol NO3− per day). On days 1 and 4 of the supplementation periods, participants completed 2 sets of 2 × 70%1RM interspersed by 2 min of recovery, followed by one set of repetitions-to-failure (RTF) at 60%1RM for the determination of muscular power, velocity, and endurance. Quadriceps and pectoralis major tissue saturation index (TSI) were measured throughout exercise. Plasma [NO3−] and nitrite ([NO2−]) were higher after 1 and 4 days of supplementation with BR compared to PL (p < 0.05). Quadriceps and pectoralis major TSI were not different between conditions (p > 0.05). The number of RTF in bench press was 5% greater after acute BR ingestion compared to PL (PL: 23 ± 4 vs. BR: 24 ± 5, p < 0.05). There were no differences between BR and PL for RTF for back squat or power and velocity for back squat or bench press (p > 0.05). These data improve understanding on the ergogenic potential of BR supplementation during resistance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Tan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-3105067041
| | - Adam Pennell
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
| | - Katherine M. Price
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
| | - Sean T. Karl
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
| | | | | | - Grant D. Weiderman
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
| | - Joanna P. Powell
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
| | - Luka K. Sharabidze
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
| | | | - Justin M. Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
| | | | - Maya A. Hammer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA
| | - Richie P. Goulding
- Laboratory for Myology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen J. Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
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27
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Tuesta M, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Verdugo-Marchese H, Mateluna C, Alvear-Ordenes I. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Used to Assess Physiological Muscle Adaptations in Exercise Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071073. [PMID: 36101451 PMCID: PMC9312707 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent years, physical exercise has been used as a therapeutic strategy in various clinical conditions, with pleiotropic benefits. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been positioned as a tool to analyze effects on muscle oxygenation, also allowing knowledge of adaptations on microvascular levels and muscle metabolism in subjects with central and peripheral vascular alterations, as well as cardiovascular, metabolic, and/or musculoskeletal diseases. This knowledge can help to guide therapeutic exercise specialists in decision making regarding the prescription and follow up of physical exercise as a therapeutic tool in the observation of acute or chronic adaptations to improve efficiency in the treatment and recovery of these patients. This review presents an overview of the effects of exercise clinical trials on muscle oxygenation in different pathologies and the technical characteristics related to the equipment used. Abstract Using muscle oxygenation to evaluate the therapeutic effects of physical exercise in pathologies through near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is of great interest. The aim of this review was to highlight the use of muscle oxygenation in exercise interventions in clinical trials and to present the technological characteristics related to the equipment used in these studies. PubMed, WOS, and Scopus databases were reviewed up to December 2021. Scientific articles that evaluated muscle oxygenation after exercise interventions in the sick adult population were selected. The PEDro scale was used to analyze the risk of bias (internal validity). The results were presented grouped in tables considering the risk of bias scores, characteristics of the devices, and the effects of exercise on muscle oxygenation. All the stages were carried out using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). The search strategy yielded 820 clinical studies, of which 18 met the eligibility criteria. This review detailed the characteristics of 11 NIRS devices used in clinical trials that used physical exercise as an intervention. The use of this technology made it possible to observe changes in muscle oxygenation/deoxygenation parameters such as tissue saturation, oxyhemoglobin, total hemoglobin, and deoxyhemoglobin in clinical trials of patients with chronic disease. It was concluded that NIRS is a non-invasive method that can be used in clinical studies to detect the effects of physical exercise training on muscle oxygenation, hemodynamics, and metabolism. It will be necessary to unify criteria such as the measurement site, frequency, wavelength, and variables for analysis. This will make it possible to compare different models of exercise/training in terms of time, intensity, frequency, and type to obtain more precise conclusions about their benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Tuesta
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile;
- Laboratory of Sport Sciences, Centro de Medicina Deportiva Sports MD, Viña del Mar 2521156, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Applied Physiology Laboratory (FISAP), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
- School of Education, Pedagogy in Physical Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile
| | | | - Cristián Mateluna
- Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2530388, Chile;
| | - Ildefonso Alvear-Ordenes
- Applied Physiology Laboratory (FISAP), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Desanlis J, Gordon D, Calveyrac C, Cottin F, Gernigon M. Intra- and Inter-Day Reliability of the NIRS Portamon Device after Three Induced Muscle Ischemias. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5165. [PMID: 35890846 PMCID: PMC9317239 DOI: 10.3390/s22145165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an innovative and non-invasive technology used to investigate muscular oxygenation. The aim of this study is to assess the within- and between-session reliability of the NIRS Portamon (Artinis, Elst, Netherlands) device following three sets of induced muscle ischemia. (2) Methods: Depending on the experimental group (G1, G2 or G3), a cuff was inflated three times on the left upper arm to 50 mmHg (G1), systolic blood pressure (SBP) + 50 mmHg (G2) or 250 mmHg (G3). Maximum, minimum and reoxygenation rate values were assessed after each occlusion phase, using a Portamon device placed on the left brachioradialis. Reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value and ICC 95% confidence interval (CI-95%), coefficient of variation (CV) and standard error of measurement (SEM) (3) Results: Our results showed a good to excellent reliability for maximums and minimums within-session. However, the reoxygenation rate within sessions as well as measurements between sessions cannot predominantly show good reliability. (4) Conclusions: Multiple measurements of maximums and minimums within a single session appeared to be reliable which shows that only one measurement is necessary to assess these parameters. However, it is necessary to be cautious with a comparison of maximum, minimum and reoxygenation rate values between sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Desanlis
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France; (C.C.); (F.C.); (M.G.)
- CIAMS, Université d’Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France
- Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Dan Gordon
- Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Camille Calveyrac
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France; (C.C.); (F.C.); (M.G.)
- CIAMS, Université d’Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - François Cottin
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France; (C.C.); (F.C.); (M.G.)
- CIAMS, Université d’Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Marie Gernigon
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France; (C.C.); (F.C.); (M.G.)
- CIAMS, Université d’Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France
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Manchado-Gobatto FB, Torres RS, Marostegan AB, Rasteiro FM, Hartz CS, Moreno MA, Pinto AS, Gobatto CA. Complex Network Model Reveals the Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Pre-Activation on Interactions among Physiological Responses and Muscle Oxygenation during Running and Passive Recovery. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070963. [PMID: 36101345 PMCID: PMC9311794 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Different warm-ups can be used to improve physical and sports performance. Among these strategies, we can include the pre-activation of the inspiratory muscles. Our study aimed to investigate this pre-activation model in high-intensity running performance and recovery using an integrative computational analysis called a complex network. The participants in this study underwent four sessions. The first and second sessions were performed to explain the procedures, characterize them and determine the individualized pre-activation intensity (40% of the maximum inspiratory pressure). Subsequently, on different days, the subjects were submitted to high-intensity tethered runs on a non-motorized treadmill with monitoring of the physiological responses during and after this effort. To understand the impacts of the pre-activation of inspiratory muscles on the organism, we studied the centrality metrics obtained by complex networks, which help in the interpretation of data in a more integrated way. Our results revealed that the graphs generated by this analysis were altered when inspiratory muscle pre-activation was applied, emphasizing muscle oxygenation responses in the leg and arm. Blood lactate also played an important role, especially after our inspiratory muscle strategy. Our findings confirm that the pre-activation of inspiratory muscles promotes modulations in the organism, better integrating physiological responses, which could increase performance and improve recovery. Abstract Although several studies have focused on the adaptations provided by inspiratory muscle (IM) training on physical demands, the warm-up or pre-activation (PA) of these muscles alone appears to generate positive effects on physiological responses and performance. This study aimed to understand the effects of inspiratory muscle pre-activation (IMPA) on high-intensity running and passive recovery, as applied to active subjects. In an original and innovative investigation of the impacts of IMPA on high-intensity running, we proposed the identification of the interactions among physical characteristics, physiological responses and muscle oxygenation in more and less active muscle to a running exercise using a complex network model. For this, fifteen male subjects were submitted to all-out 30 s tethered running efforts preceded or not preceded by IMPA, composed of 2 × 15 repetitions (1 min interval between them) at 40% of the maximum individual inspiratory pressure using a respiratory exercise device. During running and recovery, we monitored the physiological responses (heart rate, blood lactate, oxygen saturation) and muscle oxygenation (in vastus lateralis and biceps brachii) by wearable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Thus, we investigated four scenarios: two in the tethered running exercise (with or without IMPA) and two built into the recovery process (after the all-out 30 s), under the same conditions. Undirected weighted graphs were constructed, and four centrality metrics were analyzed (Degree, Betweenness, Eigenvector, and Pagerank). The IMPA (40% of the maximum inspiratory pressure) was effective in increasing the peak and mean relative running power, and the analysis of the complex networks advanced the interpretation of the effects of physiological adjustments related to the IMPA on exercise and recovery. Centrality metrics highlighted the nodes related to muscle oxygenation responses (in more and less active muscles) as significant to all scenarios, and systemic physiological responses mediated this impact, especially after IMPA application. Our results suggest that this respiratory strategy enhances exercise, recovery and the multidimensional approach to understanding the effects of physiological adjustments on these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fúlvia Barros Manchado-Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (F.M.R.); (C.A.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ricardo Silva Torres
- Department of ICT and Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 6009 Ålesund, Norway;
| | - Anita Brum Marostegan
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (F.M.R.); (C.A.G.)
| | - Felipe Marroni Rasteiro
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (F.M.R.); (C.A.G.)
| | - Charlini Simoni Hartz
- Postgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba 13400-000, Brazil; (C.S.H.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Marlene Aparecida Moreno
- Postgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba 13400-000, Brazil; (C.S.H.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Allan Silva Pinto
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, Brazil;
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira 13484-350, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (F.M.R.); (C.A.G.)
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Gildea N, McDermott A, Rocha J, Crognale D, Nevin A, O'Shea D, Green S, Egaña M. Low-volume HIIT and MICT speed V̇O 2 kinetics during high-intensity "work-to-work" cycling with a similar time-course in type 2 diabetes. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:273-287. [PMID: 35678744 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00148.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the rates of adjustment in oxygen uptake (V̇O2) and muscle deoxygenation (i.e., deoxygenated haemoglobin and myoglobin, [HHb+Mb]) during the on-transition to high-intensity cycling initiated from an elevated baseline (work-to-work) before training and at weeks 3, 6, 9 and 12 of low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants were randomly assigned to MICT (n=11, 50 min of moderate-intensity cycling), HIIT (n =8, 10x1 min of high-intensity cycling separated by 1-min of light cycling) or non-exercising control (n=9) groups. Exercising groups trained 3 times per week. Participants completed two work-to-work transitions at each time point consisting of sequential step increments to moderate- and high-intensity work-rates. [HHb+Mb] kinetics were measured by near-infrared spectroscopy at the vastus lateralis muscle. The pretraining time constant of the primary phase of V̇O2 (V̇O2τp) and the amplitude of the V̇O2 slow component (V̇O2As) of the high-intensity w-to-w bout decreased (P<0.05) by a similar magnitude at wk 3 of training in both MICT (from, 56±9 to 43±6s, and from 0.17±0.07 to 0.09±0.05 L.min-1, respectively) and HIIT (from, 56±8 to 42±6s, and from 0.18±0.05 to 0.09±0.08 L.min-1, respectively) with no further changes thereafter. No changes were reported in controls. The parameter estimates of Δ[HHb+Mb] remained unchanged in all groups. MICT and HIIT elicited comparable improvements in V̇O2 kinetics without changes in muscle deoxygenation kinetics during high-intensity exercise initiated from an elevated baseline in T2D despite training volume and time commitment being ~50% lower in the HIIT group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norita Gildea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Adam McDermott
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joel Rocha
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Domenico Crognale
- Institute for Sport and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aaron Nevin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Donal O'Shea
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Columcille's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Green
- Schools of Health Sciences and Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mikel Egaña
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Moriarty T, Johnson A, Thomas M, Evers C, Auten A, Cavey K, Dorman K, Bourbeau K. Acute Aerobic Exercise-Induced Motor Priming Improves Piano Performance and Alters Motor Cortex Activation. Front Psychol 2022; 13:825322. [PMID: 35369225 PMCID: PMC8971979 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.825322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute aerobic exercise has been shown to improve fine motor skills and alter activation of the motor cortex (M1). The intensity of exercise may influence M1 activation, and further impact whole-body motor skill performance. The aims of the current study were to compare a whole-body motor skill via a piano task following moderate-intensity training (MIT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and to determine if M1 activation is linked to any such changes in performance. Nine subjects (seven females and two males), aged 18 ± 1 years completed a control, MIT, and HIIT trial followed by administration of a piano performance task. M1 activation was evaluated by measuring oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) and hemoglobin difference (Hbdiff) changes during post-exercise piano performance using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The results indicate that piano performance scores were higher after the MIT trial, but not HIIT trial, compared to the control trial. A negative relationship was detected between heart rate during HIIT and post-HIIT piano scores. M1 activation (as measured by Hbdiff) was significantly increased after the HIIT trial. M1 activation was also positively associated with piano performance when exercise trials (HIIT + MIT) and all trials (HIIT + MIT + Control) were combined. We found that acute moderate-intensity exercise led to an improvement in complex motor skill performance while higher-intensity exercise increased M1 activation. These results demonstrate that moderate-intensity exercise can prime the nervous system for the acquisition of whole-body motor skills, suggesting that similar exercise protocols may be effective in improving the outcomes of other motor tasks performed during regular routines of daily life (e.g., sporting tasks, activities of daily living or rehabilitation). In addition, it appears that improvements in motor task performance may be driven by M1 activation. Our findings provide new mechanistic insight into the complex relationship between exercise intensity, M1 activation, and whole-body motor skill performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Moriarty
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Terence Moriarty,
| | - Andrea Johnson
- School of Music, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, United States
| | - Molly Thomas
- School of Music, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, United States
| | - Colin Evers
- School of Music, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, United States
| | - Abi Auten
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, United States
| | - Kristina Cavey
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, United States
| | - Katie Dorman
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, United States
| | - Kelsey Bourbeau
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, United States
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Perrey S. Muscle Oxygenation Unlocks the Secrets of Physiological Responses to Exercise: Time to Exploit it in the Training Monitoring. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:864825. [PMID: 35321522 PMCID: PMC8936169 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.864825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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A Novel Methodology for the Synchronous Collection and Multimodal Visualization of Continuous Neurocardiovascular and Neuromuscular Physiological Data in Adults with Long COVID. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22051758. [PMID: 35270905 PMCID: PMC8914998 DOI: 10.3390/s22051758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Reports suggest that adults with post-COVID-19 syndrome or long COVID may be affected by orthostatic intolerance syndromes, with autonomic nervous system dysfunction as a possible causal factor of neurocardiovascular instability (NCVI). Long COVID can also manifest as prolonged fatigue, which may be linked to neuromuscular function impairment (NMFI). The current clinical assessment for NCVI monitors neurocardiovascular performance upon the application of orthostatic stressors such as an active (i.e., self-induced) stand or a passive (tilt table) standing test. Lower limb muscle contractions may be important in orthostatic recovery via the skeletal muscle pump. In this study, adults with long COVID were assessed with a protocol that, in addition to the standard NCVI tests, incorporated simultaneous lower limb muscle monitoring for NMFI assessment. Methods: To conduct such an investigation, a wide range of continuous non-invasive biomedical sensing technologies were employed, including digital artery photoplethysmography for the extraction of cardiovascular signals, near-infrared spectroscopy for the extraction of regional tissue oxygenation in brain and muscle, and electromyography for assessment of timed muscle contractions in the lower limbs. Results: With the proposed methodology described and exemplified in this paper, we were able to collect relevant physiological data for the assessment of neurocardiovascular and neuromuscular functioning. We were also able to integrate signals from a variety of instruments in a synchronized fashion and visualize the interactions between different physiological signals during the combined NCVI/NMFI assessment. Multiple counts of evidence were collected, which can capture the dynamics between skeletal muscle contractions and neurocardiovascular responses. Conclusions: The proposed methodology can offer an overview of the functioning of the neurocardiovascular and neuromuscular systems in a combined NCVI/NMFI setup and is capable of conducting comparative studies with signals from multiple participants at any given time in the assessment. This could help clinicians and researchers generate and test hypotheses based on the multimodal inspection of raw data in long COVID and other cohorts.
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Comparison of Different Approaches Estimating Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Consumption Using Continuous-Wave Near-Infrared Spectroscopy at a Submaximal Contraction Level—A Comparative Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-NIRS) is a method used to non-invasively estimate skeletal muscle oxygen consumption (mVO2). Three different signals are provided by CW-NIRS devices: (1) oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb); (2) deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb); and (3) tissue saturation index (TSI). Typically, the signal’s slope is interpreted with respect to high or low mVO2 during a muscle action. What signal (or combination of signals) is used for slope interpretation differs according to what approach is used, and there are several published in literature. It is unclear if resulting mVO2 estimates can be used interchangeably. Hence, this work aimed to compare five commonly used approaches on the same set of CW-NIRS data regarding their agreement in estimated mVO2. A controlled, lab-based study setting was used for this experiment. Data are based on isometric dorsiflexion contractions of 15 subjects at 30% of voluntary maximum torque, at two different ankle angles. CW-NIRS was placed on the m. tibialis anterior and blood flow was occluded. The approaches for mVO2 estimation included calculations based on (1) TSI, (2) the difference between O2Hb and HHb (Hbdiff), (3) the mean of slopes from O2Hb and HHb (Hbmean), (4) the HHb signal, and (5) the O2Hb signal. Linear regression modelling was used to calculate respective slopes (r2 > 0.99). Repeated measures ANOVA identified significant differences between the approaches (p < 0.001, ω2 = 0.258). Post-hoc tests revealed that only TSI vs. Hbmean and Hbdiff vs. HHb gave comparable results (p > 0.271). In addition, Bland–Altman plots showed good accuracy (mean bias ~2%) but low precision (±20%) between the comparisons. Thus, the different approaches to estimate mVO2 cannot be used interchangeably. The results from different studies using different approaches should be compared with caution.
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Evidence that large vessels do affect near infrared spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2155. [PMID: 35140261 PMCID: PMC8828816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of large vessels on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurement is generally considered negligible. Aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that changes in the vessel size, by varying the amount of absorbed NIR light, could profoundly affect NIRS blood volume indexes. Changes in haemoglobin concentration (tHb) and in tissue haemoglobin index (THI) were monitored over the basilic vein (BV) and over the biceps muscle belly, in 11 subjects (7 M - 4 F; age 31 ± 8 year) with simultaneous ultrasound monitoring of BV size. The arm was subjected to venous occlusion, according to two pressure profiles: slow (from 0 to 60 mmHg in 135 s) and rapid (0 to 40 mmHg maintained for 30 s). Both tHb and THI detected a larger blood volume increase (1.7 to 4 fold; p < 0.01) and exhibited a faster increase and a greater convexity on the BV than on the muscle. In addition, NIRS signals from BV exhibited higher correlation with changes in BV size than from muscle (r = 0.91 vs 0.55, p < 0.001 for THI). A collection of individual relevant recordings is also included. These results challenge the long-standing belief that the NIRS measurement is unaffected by large vessels and support the concept that large veins may be a major determinant of blood volume changes in multiple experimental conditions.
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Acute Effects of 3 Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Waveforms on Exercising and Recovery Microvascular Oxygenation Responses. J Sport Rehabil 2022; 31:554-561. [PMID: 35135899 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2021-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT When emphasizing muscular strength during postoperative rehabilitation it is recommended to use a neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) waveform that elicits the greatest muscle force and local metabolic demand that is also well tolerated. The present investigation examined the effects that 3 different clinically used NMES waveforms had on the electrically elicited force (EEF), local metabolic demand (exercising muscle oxygen saturation [SmO2]), and the subsequent reactive hyperemia response (recovery total hemoglobin concentration [THb]) of the knee extensors. DESIGN Single session repeated-measures design. METHODS EEF, local metabolic demand, and reactive hyperemia responses were measured during and subsequent to 3 NMES waveforms: Russian burst modulated alternating current (RUS), biphasic pulsed current (VMS™), and burst modulated biphasic pulsed current (VMS-Burst™). Exercising SmO2 and recovery THb were assessed noninvasively using a near-infrared spectroscopy sensor placed on the vastus lateralis. Participants completed one set of 10 repetitions of each NMES waveform and were provided with 5 minutes of passive, interset recovery. Two-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance examined if NMES waveform or repetition significantly affected (P < .05) EEF or exercising SmO2. Two-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance examined if NMES waveform or recovery time affected recovery THb. RESULTS VMS™ and VMS-Burst™ yielded higher EEF (F = 11.839, P < .001) and greater local metabolic stress (lower exercising SmO2, F = 13.654, P < .001) compared with RUS. Greater rate of EEF decline throughout the NMES set was observed during RUS (%Δ = -50 [6] %Rep1) compared with VMS-Burst™ (%Δ = -30 [7] %Rep1) and VMS™ (%Δ = -32 [7] %Rep1). VMS™ elicited a higher reactive hyperemia response (higher recovery THb) compared with RUS (F = 3.427, P = .048). CONCLUSIONS The present findings support the use of VMS™ or VMS-Burst™ compared with RUS when promoting muscular strength. In addition, the use of VMS™ might provide a greater blood volume to the target muscle subsequent to NMES contractions compared with RUS.
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Bergdahl MS, Crenshaw AG, Hedlund ER, Sjöberg G, Rydberg A, Sandberg C. Calf Muscle Oxygenation is Impaired and May Decline with Age in Young Patients with Total Cavopulmonary Connection. Pediatr Cardiol 2022; 43:449-456. [PMID: 34623455 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-021-02743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients palliated with Total Cavopulmonary Connection have a lower muscle mass and a lower exercise capacity. We assessed calf muscle oxidative metabolism during and after heel raise exercise to exhaustion in young patients with TCPC compared to healthy peers. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used for measuring oxygen metabolism in the medial portion of the gastrocnemius muscle. Forty-three patients with TCPC, aged 6-18 years, were compared with 43 age and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Subgroups were formed to include children (6-12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years) to determine if these age groups influenced the results. During exercise, for the patients compared to controls there was a lower increase in deoxygenated hemoglobin (oxygen extraction) (5.13 ± 2.99au vs. 7.75 ± 4.15au, p = 0.001) and a slower rate of change in total hemoglobin (blood volume) (0.004 ± 0.015au vs 0.016 ± 0.01au, p = 0.001). Following exercise, patients exhibited a slower initial increase in tissue oxygenation saturation index (0.144 ± 0.11au vs 0.249 ± 0.226au, p = 0.007) and a longer half-time to maximum hyperemia (23.7 ± 11.4 s vs 16.8 ± 7.5 s, p = 0.001). On the subgroup level, the adolescents differed compared to healthy peers, whereas the children did not. Young patients with TCPC had impaired oxidative metabolism during exercise and required a longer time to recover. In that the differences were seen in the adolescent group and not in the children group may indicate a declining function with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magne Sthen Bergdahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Centre for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Norrlands University Hospital, 90737, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Albert G Crenshaw
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Eva Rylander Hedlund
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Sjöberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Rydberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Camilla Sandberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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BOURBEAU K, REED J, AUTEN A, CAVEY K, PAPADOPOULOS P, MORIARTY T. Self-paced HIIT is less physiologically demanding than traditional HIIT. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2022. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.20.04449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hooff M, Meijer EJ, Scheltinga MRM, Savelberg HHCM, Schep G. Test–retest reliability of skeletal muscle oxygenation measurement using near‐infrared spectroscopy during exercise in patients with sport‐related iliac artery flow limitation. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2022; 42:114-126. [PMID: 35075811 PMCID: PMC9306874 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ankle‐brachial index is an accurate tool for detecting claudication in atherosclerotic patients. However, this technique fails to identify subtle flow limitations of the iliac arteries (FLIA) in endurance athletes. Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive technique that measures skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation status. The aim of the present study is to examine the absolute and relative test–retest reliability of NIRS and evaluate its potential as a diagnostic tool in FLIA. NIRS‐derived exercise variables were analyzed during exercise and recovery in FLIA 17 patients and 19 healthy controls. The relative reliability of absolute variables (such as the maximal value) were slight to yet predominantly substantial (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], ICC range: 0.06–0.76) with good to excellent absolute reliability (absolute limits of agreement [ALoA], ALoA range: 0.8 ± 10.2 to 0.7 ± 13.1; coefficient of variation [CV], CV range: 5%–11%). Absolute values encompassing signal amplitudes showed moderate to almost perfect relative reliability (ICC range: 0.51–0.89) and poor to good absolute reliability (ALoA range: −1.3 ± 7.0 to −2.5 ± 15.7; CV range: 15%–32%). Kinetic variables showed moderate to almost perfect relative reliability for most recovery kinetics variables (ICC range: 0.54–0.86) with fair to good absolute reliability (ALoA range: 0.4 ± 12.2 to 3.9 ± 37.9; CV range: 18%–27%). Particularly, kinetic variables showed significant differences between patients and healthy subjects. NIRS is found to be a reliable method for examining muscle tissue oxygenation variables. Given the significant differences in especially recovery kinetics between normal subjects and patients, NIRS may contribute to diagnosing FLIA in endurance athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Hooff
- Department of Sports and Exercise Máxima Medical Centre Veldhoven Noord‐Brabant The Netherlands
- Department of Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences Maastricht University Maastricht Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Eduard J. Meijer
- Department of Clinical Physics Máxima Medical Centre Veldhoven Noord‐Brabant The Netherlands
| | - Marc R. M. Scheltinga
- Department of Clinical Physics Máxima Medical Centre Veldhoven Noord‐Brabant The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery Máxima Medical Centre Veldhoven Noord‐Brabant The Netherlands
| | - Hans H. C. M. Savelberg
- Department of Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences Maastricht University Maastricht Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Goof Schep
- Department of Sports and Exercise Máxima Medical Centre Veldhoven Noord‐Brabant The Netherlands
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Pramkratok W, Songsupap T, Yimlamai T. Repeated sprint training under hypoxia improves aerobic performance and repeated sprint ability by enhancing muscle deoxygenation and markers of angiogenesis in rugby sevens. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:611-622. [PMID: 34977961 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of repeated sprint (RS) training in hypoxia on aerobic performance, repeated sprint ability (RSA), and muscle oxygenation in Rugby Sevens. METHODS Fourteen Rugby Sevens players were randomly allocated into hypoxic (RSH, FIO2 = 14.5%, n = 7) or normoxic (RSN, FIO2 = 20.9%, n = 7) groups. Both groups underwent RS training consisting of 3 sets of 6-s × 10 sprints at 140% of velocity at peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) on a motorized treadmill, 3 days/week for 6 weeks in addition to usual training. Hematological variables, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations were measured. Aerobic performance, RSA, and muscle oxygenation during the running-based anaerobic sprint (RAS) test were analyzed. RESULTS RSH caused no changes in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit but significant improvements in [Formula: see text] (7.5%, p = 0.03, ES = 1.07), time to exhaustion (17.6%, p = 0.05, ES = 0.92), and fatigue index (FI, - 12.3%, p = 0.01, ES = 1.39) during the RSA test compared to baseline but not RSN. While ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin was significantly increased both after RSH and RSN (p < 0.05), ∆tissue saturation index (- 56.1%, p = 0.01, ES = 1.35) and ∆oxygenated hemoglobin (- 54.7%, p = 0.04, ES = 0.97) were significantly decreased after RSH. These changes were concomitant with increased levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in serum after RSH with a strong negative correlation between ∆FI and ∆deoxygenated hemoglobin after RSH (r = - 0.81, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION There was minimal benefit from adding RSH to standard Rugby Sevens training, in eliciting improvements in aerobic performance and resistance to fatigue, possibly by enhanced muscle deoxygenation and increased serum HIF-1α and VEGF concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadee Pramkratok
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Rama 1 Road, Pathumwan District, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Tongthong Songsupap
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Science, Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Tossaporn Yimlamai
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University, Rama 1 Road, Pathumwan District, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Buot A, Brownhill K, Lange F. Upper Trapezius Muscle Tonicity, Assessed by Palpation, Relates to Change in Tissue Oxygenation and Structure as Measured by Time-Domain Near Infrared Spectroscopy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1395:417-421. [PMID: 36527672 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14190-4_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Palpation is a diagnostic tool widely used by manual therapists despite its disputed reliability and validity. Previous studies have usually focused on the detection of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs), i.e., the points within muscles thought to have undergone molecular composition, oxygenation and structural changes, altering their tonicity. Time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (TD-NIRS) could provide new insights into soft tissue oxygenation and structure, in order to objectively assess the validity and reliability of palpation. This pilot study aims at (1) assessing the ability of TD-NIRS to detect a difference between palpably normal and hypertonic upper trapezius (UT) muscles, and (2) to estimate the reproducibility of the TD-NIRS measurement on UT muscles. TD-NIRS measurements were performed on 4 points of the UT muscles in 18 healthy participants (10F, mean age: 27.6 years), after a physical examination by a student osteopath to locate these points and identify the most and least hypertonic. From TD-NIRS, the most hypertonic points had a higher concentration in deoxy- ([HHb]) (0.887 ± 0.253 μM, p < 0.001) and total haemoglobin ([HbT]) (1.447 ± 0.772 μM, p < 0.001), a lower tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) (-0.575 ± 0.286%, p < 0.001), and a greater scattering amplitude factor (AF) (0.2238 ± 0.1343 cm-1, p = 0.001) than the least hypertonic points. Moreover, the intraclass correlation coefficient one-way random-effects model (ICC (1,1)) calculated for each TD-NIRS parameter and for each point revealed an excellent reliability of the measurement (Mean ± SD, 0.9253 ± 0.0678). These initial results, showing that changes in TD-NIRS parameters correlate with changes in muscle tonicity as assessed by palpation, are encouraging and show that TD-NIRS could help to further assess the validity of palpation as a diagnostic tool in manual therapy.
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Active video gaming in primary ciliary dyskinesia: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:2891-2900. [PMID: 35536410 PMCID: PMC9086154 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) impairs pulmonary function, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, and exercise capacity. We aimed to investigate the effects of active video games (AVGs) on pulmonary function, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, muscle oxygenation (SMO2), physical activity, activities of daily living (ADL), and quality of life (QOL) in PCD. Thirty-two PCD patients were randomly assigned to AVG group (n = 16) and the control group (n = 16). AVG group underwent AVGs using Xbox-Kinect-360 device for 40 min/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks plus airway clearance techniques (ACT), and the control group was applied ACT only. Pulmonary function, respiratory and quadriceps muscle strength, exercise capacity (6-min walk test [6MWT], incremental shuttle walk test [ISWT]), and ADL (Glittre ADL test) were assessed. SMO2 during ISWT and ADL test was also recorded. Physical activity and QOL (PCD-QOL) were evaluated. Pulmonary function; respiratory and quadriceps muscle strength; 6MWT and ISWT distance; physical activity; ADL performance; SMO2; physical, emotional, and social functioning; treatment burden; and upper and lower symptom parameters of PCD-QOL significantly improved after 8 weeks in the AVG group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in measured parameters except emotional function and upper respiratory symptom scores of PCD-QOL in the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The AVGs positively affect pulmonary (pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength) and extrapulmonary (peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, SMO2, physical activity, ADL, and QOL) characteristics in children with PCD. The AVGs may be added to the pulmonary rehabilitation program as an exercise training modality in patients with PCD. Trial registration: This study registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with NCT03832491 on February 6, 2019. What is Known: • It is indicated that exercise capacity is increased with traditional exercise-training in a case report of Kartagener Syndrome. What is New: • No randomized controlled study investigated the effects of exercise-training in PCD. • 8-week moderate-intensity active video gaming (AVGs) improves pulmonary and extrapulmonary features in children with PCD. AVGs may be preferable due to being enjoyable, providing visual and audial feedback in the pulmonary rehabilitation programs of PCD.
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Weston EB, Alizadeh M, Hani H, Knapik GG, Souchereau RA, Marras WS. A physiological and biomechanical investigation of three passive upper-extremity exoskeletons during simulated overhead work. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:105-117. [PMID: 34338595 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1963490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate three passive upper-extremity exoskeletons relative to a control condition. Twelve subjects performed an hour-long, simulated occupational task in a laboratory setting. Independent measures of exoskeleton, exertion height (overhead, head height), time, and their interactions were assessed. Dependent measures included changes in tissue oxygenation (ΔTSI) in the anterior deltoid and middle trapezius, peak resultant lumbar spine loading, and subjective discomfort in various body regions. A statistically significant reduction in ΔTSI between exoskeleton and control was only observed in one instance. Additionally, neither increases in spinal loading nor increases in subjective discomfort ratings were observed for any of the exoskeletons. Ultimately, the exoskeletons offered little to no physiological benefit for the conditions tested. However, the experimental task was not highly fatiguing to the subjects, denoted by low ΔTSI values across conditions. Results may vary for tasks requiring constant arm elevation or higher force demands. Practitioner summary This study quantified the benefits of upper-extremity exoskeletons using NIRS, complementary to prior studies using EMG. The exoskeletons offered little to no physiological benefit for the conditions tested. However, the experimental task was not highly fatiguing, and results may vary for an experimental task with greater demand on the shoulders. Abbreviations: WMSD: work-related musculoskeletal disorder; EMG: electromyography; NIRS: near-infrared spectroscopy; NIR: near-infrared; Hb: haemoglobin; Mb: myoglobin; TSI: tissue saturation index; ATT: adipose tissue thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B Weston
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mina Alizadeh
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hamed Hani
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gregory G Knapik
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Reid A Souchereau
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William S Marras
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Wang LM, Huang YH, Chou PH, Wang YM, Chen CM, Sun CW. Characteristics of brain connectivity during verbal fluency test: Convolutional neural network for functional near-infrared spectroscopy analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100180. [PMID: 34553833 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human connectome describes the complicated connection matrix of nervous system among human brain. It also possesses high potential of assisting doctors to monitor the brain injuries and recoveries in patients. In order to unravel the enigma of neuron connections and functions, previous research has strived to dig out the relations between neurons and brain regions. Verbal fluency test (VFT) is a general neuropsychological test, which has been used in functional connectivity investigations. In this study, we employed convolutional neural network (CNN) on a brain hemoglobin concentration changes (ΔHB) map obtained during VFT to investigate the connections of activated brain areas and different mental status. Our results show that feature of functional connectivity can be identified accurately with the employment of CNN on ΔHB mapping, which is beneficial to improve the understanding of brain functional connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Mei Wang
- Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, China Medical University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Min Wang
- Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Sun
- Biomedical Optical Imaging Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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The use of muscle near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to assess the aerobic training loads of world-class rowers. Biol Sport 2021; 38:713-719. [PMID: 34937982 PMCID: PMC8670802 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.103571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were (1) to characterize the changes in oxygenation derived from muscle near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during aerobic constant-load exercise with intensities close to Maximal Lactate Steady-State (MLSS) and (2) to establish reference values in the world-class rowers, for such workload often included in rowing training programs. Eight senior world-class rowers performed an incremental progressive submaximal exercise test and a 30-minute test on a rowing ergometer. The power corresponding to intensive aerobic training (84±1% of the anaerobic threshold) was adopted as an exercise load in the 30-minute test. The NIRS device was fixed on the vastus lateralis muscle which was active during rowing to record muscle O2 saturation (SmO2) and total hemoglobin concentration (THb) at rest and during exercise. Statistically significant increments in blood lactate (LA) and heart rate (HR) were observed, with 1.18±0.61 mmol/l and 10±5 beats/min, respectively, in 30th minute compared to 10th minute in 30-minute test. SmO2 decreased significantly by 2.9±1.4%, whereas THb did not change. The examinations may suggested the low diagnostic value of THb in constant-load exercise. In each subject, SmO2 was gradually reduced during the intense aerobic exercise. During workload close to MLSS, the SmO2 of the vastus lateralis ranged from 14.0±3.13 to 11.1±2.81% in 10 and 30 minutes respectively, with a reduction in muscle oxygenation (ΔSmO2) exceeding 50%. The non-invasive nature of the NIRS measurement and the continuous monitoring of SmO2 values are useful in the practice of monitoring training in terms of aerobic training loads.
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Paulino Geisel P, Pantuso Monteiro D, de Oliveira Nascimento I, Gomes Pereira DA. Evaluation of functional capacity and muscle metabolism in individuals with peripheral arterial disease with and without diabetes. J Vasc Surg 2021; 75:671-679. [PMID: 34921971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is characterized by intermittent claudication, which interferes with walking and leads to worsening of functional capacity. This mechanism has not been clearly defined in PAD. Thus, the aim of our study was to identify the muscular metabolism and vascular function variables using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and their possible associations with functional capacity in individuals with PAD and secondly to verify the differences in these variables between persons with PAD and diabetes mellitus (DM) and those with PAD without DM. METHODS A total of 39 participants with intermittent claudication were enrolled, 14 of whom had DM. They were assessed for functional capacity by the total distance covered in the treadmill test with the speed and grade constant and for muscle function and metabolism using near-infrared spectroscopy at rest and during the treadmill test. The Spearman correlation coefficient was computed to assess the presence of an association between the variables, and multiple linear regression analysis was performed, considering the total test distance as the dependent variable. The assessment between groups was performed using the independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS The near-infrared spectroscopy variables related to tissue oxygen saturation in the test recovery phase were correlated with the functional performance during the treadmill test. Thus, those with a longer or slower recovery time and those with greater tissue deoxygenation had walked a shorter distance. A significant difference (P = .049) was noted between those with PAD stratified by DM in the reoxygenation time required for an occlusion. CONCLUSIONS These findings reinforce the hypothesis that peripheral factors related to vascular function and muscular metabolism can affect the walking capacity of persons with PAD and that microvascular dysfunction is more prevalent among those with PAD and DM.
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Yamaguchi K, Imai T, Yatsutani H, Goto K. A Combined Hot and Hypoxic Environment during Maximal Cycling Sprints Reduced Muscle Oxygen Saturation: A Pilot Study. J Sports Sci Med 2021; 20:684-689. [PMID: 35321130 PMCID: PMC8488822 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2021.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of a combined hot and hypoxic environment on muscle oxygenation during repeated 15-s maximal cycling sprints. In a single-blind, cross-over study, nine trained sprinters performed three 15-s maximal cycling sprints interspersed with 7-min passive recovery in normoxic (NOR; 23℃, 50%, FiO2 20.9%), normobaric hypoxic (HYP; 23℃, FiO2 14.5%), and hot normobaric hypoxic (HH; 35℃, FiO2 14.5%) environments. Relative humidity was set to 50% in all trials. The vastus lateralis muscle oxygenation was evaluated during exercise using near-infrared spectroscopy. The oxygen uptake (VO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) were also monitored. There was no significant difference in peak or mean power output among the three conditions. The reduction in tissue saturation index was significantly greater in the HH (-17.0 ± 2.7%) than in the HYP (-10.4 ± 2.8%) condition during the second sprint (p < 0.05). The average VO2 and SpO2 were significantly lower in the HYP (VO2 = 980 ± 52 mL/min, SpO2 = 82.9 ± 0.8%) and HH (VO2 = 965 ± 42 mL/min, SpO2 = 83.2 ± 1.2%) than in the NOR (VO2 = 1149 ± 40 mL/min, SpO2 = 90.6 ± 1.4%; p < 0.05) condition. In conclusion, muscle oxygen saturation was reduced to a greater extent in the HH than in the HYP condition during the second bout of three 15-s maximal cycling sprints, despite the equivalent hypoxic stress between HH and HYP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imai
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Haruka Yatsutani
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kazushige Goto
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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Koirala B, Concas A, Sun Y, Gladden LB, Lai N. Blood volume versus deoxygenated NIRS signal: computational analysis of the effects muscle O 2 delivery and blood volume on the NIRS signals. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:1418-1431. [PMID: 34528461 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00105.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals quantify the oxygenated (ΔHbMbO2) and deoxygenated (ΔHHbMb) heme group concentrations. ΔHHbMb has been preferred to ΔHbMbO2 in evaluating skeletal muscle oxygen extraction because it is assumed to be less sensitive to blood volume (BV) changes, but uncertainties exist on this assumption. To analyze this assumption, a computational model of oxygen transport and metabolism is used to quantify the effect of O2 delivery and BV changes on the NIRS signals from a canine model of muscle oxidative metabolism (Sun Y, Ferguson BS, Rogatzki MJ, McDonald JR, Gladden LB. Med Sci Sports Exerc 48: 2013-2020, 2016). The computational analysis accounts for microvascular (ΔHbO2, ΔHHb) and extravascular (ΔMbO2, ΔHMb) oxygenated and deoxygenated forms. Simulations predicted muscle oxygen uptake and NIRS signal changes well for blood flows ranging from resting to contracting muscle. Additional NIRS signal simulations were obtained in the absence or presence of BV changes corresponding to a heme groups concentration changes (ΔHbMb = 0-48 µM). Under normal delivery (Q = 1.0 L·kg-1·min-1) in contracting muscle, capillary oxygen saturation (So2) was 62% with capillary ΔHbO2 and ΔHHb of ± 41 µΜ for ΔHbMb = 0. An increase of BV (ΔHbMb = 24 µΜ) caused a ΔHbO2 decrease (16µΜ) almost twice as much as the increase observed for ΔHHb (9 µΜ). When So2 increased to more than 80%, only ΔHbO2 was significantly affected by BV changes. The analysis indicates that microvascular So2 is a key factor in determining the sensitivity of ΔHbMbO2 and deoxygenated ΔHHbMb to BV changes. Contrary to a common assumption, the ΔHHbMb is affected by BV changes in normal contracting muscle and even more in the presence of impaired O2 delivery.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Deoxygenated is preferred to the oxygenated near-infrared spectroscopy signal in evaluating skeletal muscle oxygen extraction because it is assumed to be insensitive to blood volume changes. The quantitative analysis proposed in this study indicates that even in absence of skin blood flow effects, both NIRS signals in presence of either normal or reduced oxygen delivery are affected by blood volume changes. These changes should be considered to properly quantify muscle oxygen extraction by NIRS methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Koirala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.,Biomedical Engineering Institute, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - A Concas
- Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development in Sardinia (CRS4), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - L B Gladden
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - N Lai
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.,Biomedical Engineering Institute, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
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Performance Assessment of a Commercial Continuous-Wave Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Tissue Oximeter for Suitability for Use in an International, Multi-Center Clinical Trial. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21216957. [PMID: 34770264 PMCID: PMC8587042 DOI: 10.3390/s21216957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the wide range of clinical and research applications, the reliability of the absolute oxygenation measurements of continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy sensors is often questioned, partially due to issues of standardization. In this study, we have compared the performances of 13 units of a continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy device (PortaMon, Artinis Medical Systems, NL) to test their suitability for being used in the HEMOCOVID-19 clinical trial in 10 medical centers around the world. Detailed phantom and in vivo tests were employed to measure the precision and reproducibility of measurements of local blood oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin concentration under different conditions: for different devices used, different operators, for probe repositioning over the same location, and over time (hours/days/months). We have detected systematic differences between devices when measuring phantoms (inter-device variability, <4%), which were larger than the intra-device variability (<1%). This intrinsic variability is in addition to the variability during in vivo measurements on the forearm muscle resulting from errors in probe positioning and intrinsic physiological noise (<9%), which was also larger than the inter-device differences (<3%) during the same test. Lastly, we have tested the reproducibility of the protocol of the HEMOCOVID-19 clinical trial; that is, forearm muscle oxygenation monitoring during vascular occlusion tests over days. Overall, our conclusion is that these devices can be used in multi-center trials but care must be taken to characterize, follow-up, and statistically account for inter-device variability.
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Acute physiological and perceptual responses to moderate intensity cycling with different levels of blood flow restriction. Biol Sport 2021; 38:437-443. [PMID: 34475624 PMCID: PMC8329982 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare: i) the physiological and perceptual responses of low-load exercise [(moderate intensity exercise (MI)] with different levels of blood flow restriction (BFR), and ii) MI with BFR on the bike with high intensity (HI) exercise without BFR. The protocol involved large muscle mass exercise at different levels of BFR, and this differentiates our study from others. Twenty-one moderately trained males (age: 24.6 ± 2.4 years; VO2peak: 47.2 ± 7.0 ml.kg-1.min-1, mean ± sd) performed one maximal graded exercise test and seven 5-min constant-load cycling bouts. Six bouts were at MI [40% peak power (Ppeak), 60%VO2peak], one without BFR and five with different levels of BFR (40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% of estimated arterial occlusion pressure). The HI bout (70%Ppeak, 90%VO2peak) was without BFR. Oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and tissue oxygen saturation (TSI) were recorded. Regardless of pressure, HR, BLa and RPE during MI-BFR were higher compared to MI (p < 0.05, ES: moderate to very large), and TSI reduction was greater in MI-BFR than MI (p < 0.05, ES: moderate to large). The responses of VO2, HR, BLa, RPE and TSI induced by the different levels of BFR in MI-BFR were similar. Regardless of pressure, the responses of VO2, HR, BLa and RPE induced by MI-BFR were lower than HI (p < 0.05), except for TSI. TSI change was similar between MI-BFR and HI. It appears that BFR equal to 40% of arterial occlusion pressure is sufficient to reduce TSI when exercising with a large muscle mass.
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