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Huang Z, Iqbal Z, Zhao Z, Chen X, Mahmmod A, Liu J, Li W, Deng Z. TMEM16 proteins: Ca 2+‑activated chloride channels and phospholipid scramblases as potential drug targets (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 54:81. [PMID: 39092585 PMCID: PMC11315658 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
TMEM16 proteins, which function as Ca2+‑activated Cl‑ channels are involved in regulating a wide variety of cellular pathways and functions. The modulators of Cl‑ channels can be used for the molecule‑based treatment of respiratory diseases, cystic fibrosis, tumors, cancer, osteoporosis and coronavirus disease 2019. The TMEM16 proteins link Ca2+ signaling, cellular electrical activity and lipid transport. Thus, deciphering these complex regulatory mechanisms may enable a more comprehensive understanding of the physiological functions of the TMEM16 proteins and assist in ascertaining the applicability of these proteins as potential pharmacological targets for the treatment of a range of diseases. The present review examined the structures, functions and characteristics of the different types of TMEM16 proteins, their association with the pathogenesis of various diseases and the applicability of TMEM16 modulator‑based treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqi Huang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zoya Iqbal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Ayesha Mahmmod
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab 58240, Pakistan
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Wencui Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Deng
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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Tolomeo M, Cascio A. STAT4 and STAT6, their role in cellular and humoral immunity and in diverse human diseases. Int Rev Immunol 2024:1-25. [PMID: 39188021 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2395274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 4 and STAT6 play a crucial role in immune cells by transducing signals from specific cytokine receptors, and inducing transcription of genes involved in cell-mediated and humoral immunity. These two different defense mechanisms against pathogens are regulated by two specific CD4+ T helper (Th) cells known as Th1 and Th2 cells. Many studies have shown that several diseases including cancer, inflammatory, autoimmune and allergic diseases are associated with a Th1/Th2 imbalance caused by increased or decreased expression/activity of STAT4 or STAT6 often due to genetic and epigenetic aberrances. An altered expression of STAT4 has been observed in different tumors and autoimmune diseases, while a dysregulation of STAT6 signaling pathway is frequently observed in allergic conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, food allergy, and tumors such as Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Recently, dysregulations of STAT4 and STAT6 expression have been observed in SARS-CoV2 and monkeypox infections, which are still public health emergencies in many countries. SARS-CoV-2 can induce an imbalance in Th1 and Th2 responses with a predominant activation of STAT6 in the cytosol and nuclei of pneumocytes that drives Th2 polarization and cytokine storm. In monkeypox infection the virus can promote an immune evasion by inducing a Th2 response that in turn inhibits the Th1 response essential for virus elimination. Furthermore, genetic variations of STAT4 that are associated with an increased risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus seem to play a role in defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Tolomeo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, A.O.U.P. Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Infectious Diseases, A.O.U.P. Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Palermo, Italy
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Yang X, Cui L, Liu Z, Li Y, Wu X, Tian R, Jia C, Ren C, Mou Y, Song X. TMEM16A inhibits autophagy and promotes the invasion of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma through mTOR pathway. Carcinogenesis 2024; 45:569-581. [PMID: 38470063 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of various tumors by influencing multiple signaling pathways. However, the role of TMEM16A in regulating autophagy via the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and its impact on the development of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) remain unclear. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to assess the expression of TMEM16A in HSCC tissues and metastatic lymph nodes. Manipulation of TMEM16A expression levels was achieved in the FaDu cell line through overexpression or knockdown, followed by assessment of its biological effects using cell colony formation, wound healing, transwell and invasion assays. Additionally, apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins, as well as autophagosome formation, were evaluated through western blotting, transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence following TMEM16A knockdown or overexpression in FaDu cells. Our study revealed significantly elevated levels of TMEM16A in both HSCC tissues and metastatic lymph nodes compared with normal tissues. In vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing TMEM16A led to a notable suppression of HSCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Furthermore, TMEM16A silencing effectively inhibited tumor growth in xenografted mice. Subsequent investigations indicated that knockdown of TMEM16A in HSCC cells could suppress mTOR activation, thereby triggering autophagic cell death by upregulating sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/P62) and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II (LC3II). This study highlights the crucial role of TMEM16A in modulating autophagy in HSCC, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Limei Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhonglu Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ruxian Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuanliang Jia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Innovation and Practice Base for Postdoctors, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yakui Mou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xicheng Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
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Arreola J, Pérez-Cornejo P, Segura-Covarrubias G, Corral-Fernández N, León-Aparicio D, Guzmán-Hernández ML. Function and Regulation of the Calcium-Activated Chloride Channel Anoctamin 1 (TMEM16A). Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 283:101-151. [PMID: 35768554 DOI: 10.1007/164_2022_592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Various human tissues express the calcium-activated chloride channel Anoctamin 1 (ANO1), also known as TMEM16A. ANO1 allows the passive chloride flux that controls different physiological functions ranging from muscle contraction, fluid and hormone secretion, gastrointestinal motility, and electrical excitability. Overexpression of ANO1 is associated with pathological conditions such as hypertension and cancer. The molecular cloning of ANO1 has led to a surge in structural, functional, and physiological studies of the channel in several tissues. ANO1 is a homodimer channel harboring two pores - one in each monomer - that work independently. Each pore is activated by voltage-dependent binding of two intracellular calcium ions to a high-affinity-binding site. In addition, the binding of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to sites scattered throughout the cytosolic side of the protein aids the calcium activation process. Furthermore, many pharmacological studies have established ANO1 as a target of promising compounds that could treat several illnesses. This chapter describes our current understanding of the physiological roles of ANO1 and its regulation under physiological conditions as well as new pharmacological compounds with potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Arreola
- Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| | - Patricia Pérez-Cornejo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine of Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Segura-Covarrubias
- Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nancy Corral-Fernández
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine of Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Daniel León-Aparicio
- Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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Wang X, Hao A, Song G, Elena V, Sun Y, Zhang H, Zhan Y, An H, Chen Y. Inhibitory effect of daidzein on the calcium-activated chloride channel TMEM16A and its anti-lung adenocarcinoma activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127261. [PMID: 37802433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
TMEM16A is highly expressed in a variety of tumor cells and is involved in the growth and metastasis of malignancies. It has been established that down-regulation of TMEM16A expression or functional activity can inhibit tumor cells growth. However, there is a lack of targeted inhibitors with high efficiency and low toxicity. Here, we identified a novel inhibitor daidzein from dozens of natural product molecules. Whole-cell patch clamp data indicated that daidzein inhibits TMEM16A channel in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 of 1.39 ± 0.59 μM. Western blot result showed that daidzein can also reduce the expression of TMEM16A protein in LA795 cells. These results indicated that the inhibitory effects of daidzein exert on TMEM16A in two ways, both inhibiting TMEM16A current and decreasing its protein expression. In addition, the putative binding sites of daidzein on TMEM16A are G608, G628, and K839 through molecular docking. Moreover, daidzein concentration-dependently reduced cell viability and cell migration, causing G1/S cell cycle arrest in vitro. It was also confirmed that daidzein can effectively inhibit the growth of LA795 lung adenocarcinoma cells implanted nude mice in vivo. In conclusion, daidzein can be used as a lead compound for the development of therapeutic drugs for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhao Wang
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Anqi Hao
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Guoqiang Song
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Vorobeva Elena
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yiming Sun
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yong Zhan
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Hailong An
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
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Li S, Wang Z, Geng R, Zhang W, Wan H, Kang X, Guo S. TMEM16A ion channel: A novel target for cancer treatment. Life Sci 2023; 331:122034. [PMID: 37611692 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancer draws attention owing to the high morbidity and mortality. It is urgent to develop safe and effective cancer therapeutics. The calcium-activated chloride channel TMEM16A is widely distributed in various tissues and regulates physiological functions. TMEM16A is abnormally expressed in several cancers and associate with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and prognosis. Knockdown or inhibition of TMEM16A in cancer cells significantly inhibits cancer development. Therefore, TMEM16A is considered as a biomarker and therapeutic target for some cancers. This work reviews the cancers associated with TMEM16A. Then, the molecular mechanism of TMEM16A overexpression in cancer was analyzed, and the possible signal transduction mechanism of TMEM16A regulating cancer development was summarized. Finally, TMEM16A inhibitors with anticancer effect and their anticancer mechanism were concluded. We hope to provide new ideas for pharmacological studies on TMEM16A in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Zhichen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Ruili Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Haifu Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China; Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Xianjiang Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China; Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China.
| | - Shuai Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China; Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China.
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Drug repurposing and molecular mechanisms of the antihypertensive drug candesartan as a TMEM16A channel inhibitor. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123839. [PMID: 36842737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
TMEM16A, a Ca2+-activated chloride channel (CaCC), and its pharmacological inhibitors can inhibit the growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells. However,the poor efficacy, safety, and stability of TMEM16A inhibitors limit the development of these agents. Therefore, finding new therapeutic directions from already marketed drugs is a feasible strategy to obtain safe and effective therapeutic drugs. Here, we screened a library contain more than 2400 FDA, EMA, and NMPA-approved drugs through virtual screening. We identified a drug candidate, candesartan (CDST), which showed strong inhibitory effect on the TMEM16A in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 24.40 ± 3.21 μM. In addition, CDST inhibited proliferation, migration and induced apoptosis of LA795 cells targeting TMEM16A, and significantly inhibited lung adenocarcinoma tumor growth in vivo. The molecular mechanism of CDST inhibiting TMEM16A channel indicated it bound to R515/R535/E623/E624 in the drug pocket, thereby blocked the pore. In conclusion, we identified a novel TMEM16A channel inhibitor, CDST, which exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against lung adenocarcinoma. Considering that CDST has been used in clinical treatment of hypertension, it may play an important role in the combined treatment of hypertension and lung adenocarcinoma as a multi-target drug in the future.
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ANO4 Expression Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Non-Metastasized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020295. [PMID: 36836529 PMCID: PMC9965005 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Over the past decade, transcriptome profiling has elucidated many pivotal pathways involved in oncogenesis. However, a detailed comprehensive map of tumorigenesis remains an enigma to solve. Propelled research has been devoted to investigating the molecular drivers of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). To add another piece to the puzzle, we evaluated the role of anoctamin 4 (ANO4) expression as a potential prognostic biomarker in non-metastasized ccRCC. Methods: A total of 422 ccRCC patients with the corresponding ANO4 expression and clinicopathological data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA). Differential expression across several clinicopathological variables was performed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the impact of ANO4 expression on the overall survival (OS), progression-free interval (PFI), disease-free interval (DFI), and disease-specific survival (DSS). Univariate and multivariate Cox logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent factors modulating the aforementioned outcomes. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to discern a set of molecular mechanisms involved in the prognostic signature. Tumor immune microenvironment was estimated using xCell. Results: ANO4 expression was upregulated in tumor samples compared to normal kidney tissue. Albeit the latter finding, low ANO4 expression is associated with advanced clinicopathological variables such as tumor grade, stage, and pT. In addition, low ANO4 expression is linked to shorter OS, PFI, and DSS. Multivariate Cox logistic regression analysis identified ANO4 expression as an independent prognostic variable in OS (HR: 1.686, 95% CI: 1.120-2.540, p = 0.012), PFI (HR: 1.727, 95% CI: 1.103-2.704, p = 0.017), and DSS (HR: 2.688, 95% CI: 1.465-4.934, p = 0.001). GSEA identified the following pathways to be enriched within the low ANO4 expression group: epithelial-mesenchymal transition, G2-M checkpoint, E2F targets, estrogen response, apical junction, glycolysis, hypoxia, coagulation, KRAS, complement, p53, myogenesis, and TNF-α signaling via NF-κB pathways. ANO4 expression correlates significantly with monocyte (ρ = -0.1429, p = 0.0033) and mast cell (ρ = 0.1598, p = 0.001) infiltration. Conclusions: In the presented work, low ANO4 expression is portrayed as a potential poor prognostic factor in non-metastasized ccRCC. Further experimental studies should be directed to shed new light on the exact molecular mechanisms involved.
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Krushkal J, Vural S, Jensen TL, Wright G, Zhao Y. Increased copy number of imprinted genes in the chromosomal region 20q11-q13.32 is associated with resistance to antitumor agents in cancer cell lines. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:161. [PMID: 36461044 PMCID: PMC9716673 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parent of origin-specific allelic expression of imprinted genes is epigenetically controlled. In cancer, imprinted genes undergo both genomic and epigenomic alterations, including frequent copy number changes. We investigated whether copy number loss or gain of imprinted genes in cancer cell lines is associated with response to chemotherapy treatment. RESULTS We analyzed 198 human imprinted genes including protein-coding genes and noncoding RNA genes using data from tumor cell lines from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer datasets. We examined whether copy number of the imprinted genes in 35 different genome locations was associated with response to cancer drug treatment. We also analyzed associations of pretreatment expression and DNA methylation of imprinted genes with drug response. Higher copy number of BLCAP, GNAS, NNAT, GNAS-AS1, HM13, MIR296, MIR298, and PSIMCT-1 in the chromosomal region 20q11-q13.32 was associated with resistance to multiple antitumor agents. Increased expression of BLCAP and HM13 was also associated with drug resistance, whereas higher methylation of gene regions of BLCAP, NNAT, SGK2, and GNAS was associated with drug sensitivity. While expression and methylation of imprinted genes in several other chromosomal regions was also associated with drug response and many imprinted genes in different chromosomal locations showed a considerable copy number variation, only imprinted genes at 20q11-q13.32 had a consistent association of their copy number with drug response. Copy number values among the imprinted genes in the 20q11-q13.32 region were strongly correlated. They were also correlated with the copy number of cancer-related non-imprinted genes MYBL2, AURKA, and ZNF217 in that chromosomal region. Expression of genes at 20q11-q13.32 was associated with ex vivo drug response in primary tumor samples from the Beat AML 1.0 acute myeloid leukemia patient cohort. Association of the increased copy number of the 20q11-q13.32 region with drug resistance may be complex and could involve multiple genes. CONCLUSIONS Copy number of imprinted and non-imprinted genes in the chromosomal region 20q11-q13.32 was associated with cancer drug resistance. The genes in this chromosomal region may have a modulating effect on tumor response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Suleyman Vural
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.,Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - George Wright
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
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Katsuta E, Takabe K, Vujcic M, Gottlieb PA, Dai T, Mercado-Perez A, Beyder A, Wang Q, Opyrchal M. Mechano-Sensing Channel PIEZO2 Enhances Invasive Phenotype in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9909. [PMID: 36077309 PMCID: PMC9455988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanically gated PIEZO channels lead to an influx of cations, activation of additional Ca2+ channels, and cell depolarization. This study aimed to investigate PIEZO2's role in breast cancer. METHODS The clinical relevance of PIEZO2 expression in breast cancer patient was analyzed in a publicly available dataset. Utilizing PIEZO2 overexpressed breast cancer cells, and in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted. RESULTS High expression of PIEZO2 was correlated with a worse survival in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) but not in other subtypes. Increased PEIZO2 channel function was confirmed in PIEZO2 overexpressed cells after mechanical stimulation. PIEZO2 overexpressed cells showed increased motility and invasive phenotypes as well as higher expression of SNAIL and Vimentin and lower expression of E-cadherin in TNBC cells. Correspondingly, high expression of PIEZO2 was correlated with the increased expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes in a TNBC patient. Activated Akt signaling was observed in PIEZO2 overexpressed TNBC cells. PIEZO2 overexpressed MDA-MB-231 cells formed a significantly higher number of lung metastases after orthotopic implantation. CONCLUSION PIEZO2 activation led to enhanced SNAIL stabilization through Akt activation. It enhanced Vimentin and repressed E-cadherin transcription, resulting in increased metastatic potential and poor clinical outcomes in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Katsuta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Marija Vujcic
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Philip A. Gottlieb
- Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Tao Dai
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Arnaldo Mercado-Perez
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Arthur Beyder
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Qingfei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mateusz Opyrchal
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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11
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Fukami T, Shiozaki A, Kosuga T, Kudou M, Shimizu H, Ohashi T, Arita T, Konishi H, Komatsu S, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Okamoto K, Kishimoto M, Morinaga Y, Konishi E, Otsuji E. Anoctamin 5 regulates the cell cycle and affects prognosis in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:4649-4667. [PMID: 36157935 PMCID: PMC9476871 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i32.4649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anoctamin 5 (ANO5)/transmembrane protein 16E belongs to the ANO/ transmembrane protein 16 anion channel family. ANOs comprise a family of plasma membrane proteins that mediate ion transport and phospholipid scrambling and regulate other membrane proteins in numerous cell types. Previous studies have elucidated the roles and mechanisms of ANO5 activation in various cancer types. However, it remains unclear whether ANO5 acts as a plasma membrane chloride channel, and its expression and functions in gastric cancer (GC) have not been investigated.
AIM To examine the role of ANO5 in the regulation of tumor progression and clinicopathological significance of its expression in GC.
METHODS Knockdown experiments using ANO5 small interfering RNA were conducted in human GC cell lines, and changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and cellular movement were assessed. The gene expression profiles of GC cells were investigated following ANO5 silencing by microarray analysis. Immunohistochemical staining of ANO5 was performed on 195 primary tumor samples obtained from patients with GC who underwent curative gastrectomy between 2011 and 2013 at our department.
RESULTS Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting demonstrated high ANO5 mRNA and protein expression, respectively, in NUGC4 and MKN45 cells. In these cells, ANO5 silencing inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. In addition, the knockdown of ANO5 inhibited G1-S phase progression, invasion, and migration. The results of the microarray analysis revealed changes in the expression levels of several cyclin-associated genes, such as CDKN1A, CDK2/4/6, CCNE2, and E2F1, in ANO5-depleted NUGC4 cells. The expression of these genes was verified using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that high ANO5 expression levels were associated with a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis identified high ANO5 expression as an independent prognostic factor for 5-year survival in patients with GC (P = 0.0457).
CONCLUSION ANO5 regulates the cell cycle progression by regulating the expression of cyclin-associated genes and affects the prognosis of patients with GC. These results may provide insights into the role of ANO5 as a key mediator in tumor progression and/or promising prognostic biomarker for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Fukami
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kudou
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takuma Ohashi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okamoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kishimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto 604-8845, Japan
| | - Yukiko Morinaga
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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12
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Jeong SB, Das R, Kim DH, Lee S, Oh HI, Jo S, Lee Y, Kim J, Park S, Choi DK, Moon UY, Kwon OB, Namkung W, Lee S, Cho BC, Woo J, Seo Y. Anticancer effect of verteporfin on non-small cell lung cancer via downregulation of ANO1. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113373. [PMID: 35785700 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anoctamin 1 (ANO1) is a calcium-activated chloride channel found in various cell types and is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a major cause of cancer-related mortality. With the rising interest in development of druggable compounds for NSCLC, there has been a corresponding rise in interest in ANO1, a novel drug target for NSCLC. However, as ANO1 inhibitors that have been discovered simultaneously exhibit both the functions of an inhibition of ANO1 channel as well as a reduction of ANO1 protein levels, it is unclear which of the two functions directly causes the anticancer effect. In this study, verteporfin, a chemical compound that reduces ANO1 protein levels was identified through high-throughput screening. Verteporfin did not inhibit ANO1-induced chloride secretion but reduced ANO1 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of ~300 nM. Moreover, verteporfin inhibited neither P2Y receptor-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization nor cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel activity, and molecular docking studies revealed that verteporfin bound to specific sites of ANO1 protein. Confirming that verteporfin reduces ANO1 protein levels, we then investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in its effect on NSCLC cells. Interestingly, verteporfin decreased ANO1 protein levels, the EGFR-STAT3 pathway as well as ANO1 mRNA expression. Verteporfin reduced the viability of ANO1-expressing cells (PC9, and gefitinib-resistant PC9) and induced apoptosis by increasing caspase-3 activity and PARP-1 cleavage. However, it did not affect hERG channel activity. These results show that the anticancer mechanism of verteporfin is caused via the down-regulation of ANO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Baek Jeong
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Raju Das
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Sion Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye In Oh
- Underwood Division Economics, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungwoo Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Yechan Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeongdong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, the Republic of Korea.
| | - SeonJu Park
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 24341, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Kyu Choi
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Uk Yeol Moon
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Oh-Bin Kwon
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Wan Namkung
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, the Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Joohan Woo
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, the Republic of Korea; Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Yohan Seo
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, the Republic of Korea.
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13
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Guo S, Zhang L, Li N. ANO1: More Than Just Calcium-Activated Chloride Channel in Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:922838. [PMID: 35734591 PMCID: PMC9207239 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.922838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ANO1, a calcium-activated chloride channel (CACC), is also known as transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A). It plays a vital role in the occurrence, development, metastasis, proliferation, and apoptosis of various malignant tumors. This article reviews the mechanism of ANO1 involved in the replication, proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of various malignant tumors. Various molecules and Stimuli control the expression of ANO1, and the regulatory mechanism of ANO1 is different in tumor cells. To explore the mechanism of ANO1 overexpression and activation of tumor cells by studying the different effects of ANO1. Current studies have shown that ANO1 expression is controlled by 11q13 gene amplification and may also exert cell-specific effects through its interconnected protein network, phosphorylation of different kinases, and signaling pathways. At the same time, ANO1 also resists tumor apoptosis and promotes tumor immune escape. ANO1 can be used as a promising biomarker for detecting certain malignant tumors. Further studies on the channels and the mechanism of protein activity of ANO1 are needed. Finally, the latest inhibitors of ANO1 are summarized, which provides the research direction for the tumor-promoting mechanism of ANO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Linna Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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14
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Liu P, Li Y, Zhang Y, Choi J, Zhang J, Shang G, Li B, Lin YJ, Saleh L, Zhang L, Yi L, Yu S, Lim M, Yang X. Calcium-Related Gene Signatures May Predict Prognosis and Level of Immunosuppression in Gliomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:708272. [PMID: 35646664 PMCID: PMC9136236 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.708272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain cancer. While it has been known that calcium-related genes correlate with gliomagenesis, the relationship between calcium-related genes and glioma prognosis remains unclear. We assessed TCGA datasets of mRNA expressions with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enrichment analysis to specifically screen for genes that regulate or are affected by calcium levels. We then correlated the identified calcium-related genes with unsupervised/supervised learning to classify glioma patients into 2 risk groups. We also correlated our identified genes with immune signatures. As a result, we discovered 460 calcium genes and 35 calcium key genes that were associated with OS. There were 13 DEGs between Clusters 1 and 2 with different OS. At the same time, 10 calcium hub genes (CHGs) signature model were constructed using supervised learning, and the prognostic risk scores of the 3 cohorts of samples were calculated. The risk score was confirmed as an independent predictor of prognosis. Immune enrichment analysis revealed an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with upregulation of checkpoint markers in the high-risk group. Finally, a nomogram was generated with risk scores and other clinical prognostic independent indicators to quantify prognosis. Our findings suggest that calcium-related gene expression patterns could be applicable to predict prognosis and predict levels of immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peidong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - John Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Jinhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanjie Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Ya-Jui Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Laura Saleh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengping Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Xuejun Yang, ; Michael Lim,
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuejun Yang, ; Michael Lim,
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15
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Li H, Yu Z, Wang H, Wang N, Sun X, Yang S, Hua X, Liu Z. Role of ANO1 in tumors and tumor immunity. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2045-2068. [PMID: 35471604 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of gene amplification, cell-signaling-pathway transduction, epigenetic and transcriptional regulation, and protein interactions drives tumor-cell proliferation and invasion, while ion channels also play an important role in the generation and development of tumor cells. Overexpression of Ca2+-activated Cl- channel anoctamin 1 (ANO1) is shown in numerous cancer types and correlates with poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms involved in ANO1-mediated malignant cellular transformation and the role of ANO1 in tumor immunity remain unknown. In this review, we discuss recent studies to determine the role of ANO1 in tumorigenesis and provide novel insights into the role of ANO1 in the context of tumor immunity. Furthermore, we analyze the roles and potential mechanisms of ANO1 in different types of cancers, and provide novel notions for the role of ANO1 in the tumor microenvironment and for potential use of ANO1 in clinical applications. Our review shows that ANO1 is involved in tumor immunity and microenvironment, and may, therefore, be an effective biomarker and therapeutic drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haini Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Sixth People's Hospital, Qingdao, 266001, China
| | - Zongxue Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266001, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xueguo Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao, 266001, China
| | - Shengmei Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao, 266001, China
| | - Xu Hua
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Zongtao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
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16
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Behuria HG, Dash S, Sahu SK. Phospholipid Scramblases: Role in Cancer Progression and Anticancer Therapeutics. Front Genet 2022; 13:875894. [PMID: 35422844 PMCID: PMC9002267 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.875894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid scramblases (PLSCRs) that catalyze rapid mixing of plasma membrane lipids result in surface exposure of phosphatidyl serine (PS), a lipid normally residing to the inner plasma membrane leaflet. PS exposure provides a chemotactic eat-me signal for phagocytes resulting in non-inflammatory clearance of apoptotic cells by efferocytosis. However, metastatic tumor cells escape efferocytosis through alteration of tumor microenvironment and apoptotic signaling. Tumor cells exhibit altered membrane features, high constitutive PS exposure, low drug permeability and increased multidrug resistance through clonal evolution. PLSCRs are transcriptionally up-regulated in tumor cells leading to plasma membrane remodeling and aberrant PS exposure on cell surface. In addition, PLSCRs interact with multiple cellular components to modulate cancer progression and survival. While PLSCRs and PS exposed on tumor cells are novel drug targets, many exogenous molecules that catalyze lipid scrambling on tumor plasma membrane are potent anticancer therapeutic molecules. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of scramblase mediated signaling events, membrane alteration specific to tumor development and possible therapeutic implications of scramblases and PS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Gourav Behuria
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanjadeo University, Baripada, India
| | - Sabyasachi Dash
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Santosh Kumar Sahu
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanjadeo University, Baripada, India
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17
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Roufayel R, Younes K, Al-Sabi A, Murshid N. BH3-Only Proteins Noxa and Puma Are Key Regulators of Induced Apoptosis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020256. [PMID: 35207544 PMCID: PMC8875537 DOI: 10.3390/life12020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved and tightly regulated cell death pathway. Physiological cell death is important for maintaining homeostasis and optimal biological conditions by continuous elimination of undesired or superfluous cells. The BH3-only pro-apoptotic members are strong inducers of apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Noxa activates multiple death pathways by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, Mcl-1, and other protein members leading to Bax and Bak activation and MOMP. On the other hand, Puma is induced by p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptotic stimuli in several cancer cell lines. Moreover, this protein is involved in several physiological and pathological processes, such as immunity, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Future heat shock research could disclose the effect of hyperthermia on both Noxa and BH3-only proteins. This suggests post-transcriptional mechanisms controlling the translation of both Puma and Noxa mRNA in heat-shocked cells. This study was also the chance to recapitulate the different reactional mechanisms investigated for caspases.
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18
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Scramblases as Regulators of Proteolytic ADAM Function. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020185. [PMID: 35207106 PMCID: PMC8880048 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Proteolytic ectodomain release is a key mechanism for regulating the function of many cell surface proteins. The sheddases ADAM10 and ADAM17 are the best-characterized members of the family of transmembrane disintegrin-like metalloproteinase. Constitutive proteolytic activities are low but can be abruptly upregulated via inside-out signaling triggered by diverse activating events. Emerging evidence indicates that the plasma membrane itself must be assigned a dominant role in upregulation of sheddase function. Data are discussed that tentatively identify phospholipid scramblases as central players during these events. We propose that scramblase-dependent externalization of the negatively charged phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) plays an important role in the final activation step of ADAM10 and ADAM17. In this manuscript, we summarize the current knowledge on the interplay of cell membrane changes, PS exposure, and proteolytic activity of transmembrane proteases as well as the potential consequences in the context of immune response, infection, and cancer. The novel concept that scramblases regulate the action of ADAM-proteases may be extendable to other functional proteins that act at the cell surface.
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19
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Polymodal Control of TMEM16x Channels and Scramblases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031580. [PMID: 35163502 PMCID: PMC8835819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The TMEM16A/anoctamin-1 calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) contributes to a range of vital functions, such as the control of vascular tone and epithelial ion transport. The channel is a founding member of a family of 10 proteins (TMEM16x) with varied functions; some members (i.e., TMEM16A and TMEM16B) serve as CaCCs, while others are lipid scramblases, combine channel and scramblase function, or perform additional cellular roles. TMEM16x proteins are typically activated by agonist-induced Ca2+ release evoked by Gq-protein-coupled receptor (GqPCR) activation; thus, TMEM16x proteins link Ca2+-signalling with cell electrical activity and/or lipid transport. Recent studies demonstrate that a range of other cellular factors—including plasmalemmal lipids, pH, hypoxia, ATP and auxiliary proteins—also control the activity of the TMEM16A channel and its paralogues, suggesting that the TMEM16x proteins are effectively polymodal sensors of cellular homeostasis. Here, we review the molecular pathophysiology, structural biology, and mechanisms of regulation of TMEM16x proteins by multiple cellular factors.
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TMEM16A/ANO1: Current Strategies and Novel Drug Approaches for Cystic Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112867. [PMID: 34831090 PMCID: PMC8616501 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common of rare hereditary diseases in Caucasians, and it is estimated to affect 75,000 patients globally. CF is a complex disease due to the multiplicity of mutations found in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene causing the CFTR protein to become dysfunctional. Correctors and potentiators have demonstrated good clinical outcomes for patients with specific gene mutations; however, there are still patients for whom those treatments are not suitable and require alternative CFTR-independent strategies. Although CFTR is the main chloride channel in the lungs, others could, e.g., anoctamin-1 (ANO1 or TMEM16A), compensate for the deficiency of CFTR. This review summarizes the current knowledge on calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) ANO1 and presents ANO1 as an exciting target in CF.
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21
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TMEM16A, a Homoharringtonine Receptor, as a Potential Endogenic Target for Lung Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010930. [PMID: 34681590 PMCID: PMC8535866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has the highest rate of incidence and mortality among all cancers. Most chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat lung cancer cause serious side effects and are susceptible to drug resistance. Therefore, exploring novel therapeutic targets for lung cancer is important. In this study, we evaluated the potential of TMEM16A as a drug target for lung cancer. Homoharringtonine (HHT) was identified as a novel natural product inhibitor of TMEM16A. Patch-clamp experiments showed that HHT inhibited TMEM16A activity in a concentration-dependent manner. HHT significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells with high TMEM16A expression but did not affect the growth of normal lung cells in the absence of TMEM16A expression. In vivo experiments showed that HHT inhibited the growth of lung tumors in mice and did not reduce their body weight. Finally, the molecular mechanism through which HHT inhibits lung cancer was explored by western blotting. The findings showed that HHT has the potential to regulate TMEM16A activity both in vitro and in vivo and could be a new lead compound for the development of anti-lung-cancer drugs.
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22
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Koteluk O, Bielicka A, Lemańska Ż, Jóźwiak K, Klawiter W, Mackiewicz A, Kazimierczak U, Kolenda T. The Landscape of Transmembrane Protein Family Members in Head and Neck Cancers: Their Biological Role and Diagnostic Utility. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194737. [PMID: 34638224 PMCID: PMC8507526 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Transmembrane proteins (TMEM) are a large group of integral membrane proteins whose molecular and biological functions are not fully understood. It is known that some of them are involved in tumor formation and metastasis. Here, we performed a panel of TCGA data analyses to investigate the role of different TMEM genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and define their potential as biomarkers. Based on changes in the expression levels in HNSCC tumors, we selected four TMEM genes: ANO1, TMEM156, TMEM173, and TMEM213 and associated them with patient survival. We also demonstrated that the expression of those TMEMs highly correlates with the enrichment of genes involved in numerous biological processes, especially metastasis formation and immune response. Thus, we propose ANO1, TMEM156, TMEM173, and TMEM213 as new biomarkers and potential targets for personalized therapy of HNSCC. Abstract Background: Transmembrane proteins (TMEM) constitute a large family of proteins spanning the entirety of the lipid bilayer. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about their function or mechanism of action. In this study, we analyzed the expression of selected TMEM genes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to learn their role in tumor formation and metastasis. Materials and Methods: Using TCGA data, we analyzed the expression levels of different TMEMs in both normal and tumor samples and compared those two groups depending on clinical-pathological parameters. We selected four TMEMs whose expression was highly correlated with patient survival status and subjected them to further analysis. The pathway analysis using REACTOME and the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to evaluate the association of those TMEMs with genes involved in hallmarks of cancer as well as in oncogenic and immune-related pathways. In addition, the fractions of different immune cell subpopulations depending on TMEM expression were estimated in analyzed patients. The results for selected TMEMs were validated using GEO data. All analyses were performed using the R package, Statistica, and Graphpad Prism. Results: We demonstrated that 73% of the analyzed TMEMs were dysregulated in HNSCC and depended on tumor localization, smoking, alcohol consumption, or HPV infection. The expression levels of ANO1, TMEM156, TMEM173, and TMEM213 correlated with patient survival. The four TMEMs were also upregulated in HPV-positive patients. The elevated expression of those TMEMs correlated with the enrichment of genes involved in cancer-related processes, including immune response. Specifically, overexpression of TMEM156 and TMEM173 was associated with immune cell mobilization and better survival rates, while the elevated ANO1 expression was linked with metastasis formation and worse survival. Conclusions: In this work, we performed a panel of in silico analyses to discover the role of TMEMs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We found that ANO1, TMEM156, TMEM173, and TMEM213 correlated with clinical status and immune responses in HNSCC patients, pointing them as biomarkers for a better prognosis and treatment. This is the first study describing such the role of TMEMs in HNSCC. Future clinical trials should confirm the potential of those genes as targets for personalized therapy of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Koteluk
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (Ż.L.); (K.J.); (W.K.); (A.M.); (U.K.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonina Bielicka
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (Ż.L.); (K.J.); (W.K.); (A.M.); (U.K.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Żaneta Lemańska
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (Ż.L.); (K.J.); (W.K.); (A.M.); (U.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Kacper Jóźwiak
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (Ż.L.); (K.J.); (W.K.); (A.M.); (U.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Weronika Klawiter
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (Ż.L.); (K.J.); (W.K.); (A.M.); (U.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Andrzej Mackiewicz
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (Ż.L.); (K.J.); (W.K.); (A.M.); (U.K.); (T.K.)
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Urszula Kazimierczak
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (Ż.L.); (K.J.); (W.K.); (A.M.); (U.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Tomasz Kolenda
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 8 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (Ż.L.); (K.J.); (W.K.); (A.M.); (U.K.); (T.K.)
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
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Diethylstilbestrol, a Novel ANO1 Inhibitor, Exerts an Anticancer Effect on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Inhibition of ANO1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137100. [PMID: 34281152 PMCID: PMC8269135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality; thus, therapeutic targets continue to be developed. Anoctamin1 (ANO1), a novel drug target considered for the treatment of NSCLC, is a Ca2+-activated chloride channel (CaCC) overexpressed in various carcinomas. It plays an important role in the development of cancer; however, the role of ANO1 in NSCLC is unclear. In this study, diethylstilbestrol (DES) was identified as a selective ANO1 inhibitor using high-throughput screening. We found that DES inhibited yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) fluorescence reduction caused by ANO1 activation but did not inhibit cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator channel activity or P2Y activation-related cytosolic Ca2+ levels. Additionally, electrophysiological analyses showed that DES significantly reduced ANO1 channel activity, but it more potently reduced ANO1 protein levels. DES also inhibited the viability and migration of PC9 cells via the reduction in ANO1, phospho-ERK1/2, and phospho-EGFR levels. Moreover, DES induced apoptosis by increasing caspase-3 activity and PARP-1 cleavage in PC9 cells, but it did not affect the viability of hepatocytes. These results suggest that ANO1 is a crucial target in the treatment of NSCLC, and DES may be developed as a potential anti-NSCLC therapeutic agent.
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24
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Platelets and extracellular vesicles and their cross talk with cancer. Blood 2021; 137:3192-3200. [PMID: 33940593 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019004119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets play significant and varied roles in cancer progression, as detailed throughout this review series, via direct interactions with cancer cells and by long-range indirect interactions mediated by platelet releasates. Microvesicles (MVs; also referred to as microparticles) released from activated platelets have emerged as major contributors to the platelet-cancer nexus. Interactions of platelet-derived MVs (PMVs) with cancer cells can promote disease progression through multiple mechanisms, but PMVs also harbor antitumor functions. This complex relationship derives from PMVs' binding to both cancer cells and nontransformed cells in the tumor microenvironment and transferring platelet-derived contents to the target cell, each of which can have stimulatory or modulatory effects. MVs are extracellular vesicles of heterogeneous size, ranging from 100 nm to 1 µm in diameter, shed by living cells during the outward budding of the plasma membrane, entrapping local cytosolic contents in an apparently stochastic manner. Hence, PMVs are encapsulated by a lipid bilayer harboring surface proteins and lipids mirroring the platelet exterior, with internal components including platelet-derived mature messenger RNAs, pre-mRNAs, microRNAs, and other noncoding RNAs, proteins, second messengers, and mitochondria. Each of these elements engages in established and putative PMV functions in cancer. In addition, PMVs contribute to cancer comorbidities because of their roles in coagulation and thrombosis and via interactions with inflammatory cells. However, separating the effects of PMVs from those of platelets in cancer contexts continues to be a major hurdle. This review summarizes our emerging understanding of the complex roles of PMVs in the development and progression of cancer and cancer comorbidities.
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25
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Labreche K, Daniau M, Sud A, Law PJ, Royer-Perron L, Holroyd A, Broderick P, Went M, Benazra M, Ahle G, Soubeyran P, Taillandier L, Chinot OL, Casasnovas O, Bay JO, Jardin F, Oberic L, Fabbro M, Damaj G, Brion A, Mokhtari K, Philippe C, Sanson M, Houillier C, Soussain C, Hoang-Xuan K, Houlston RS, Alentorn A. A genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for primary central nervous system lymphoma at 6p25.3 and 3p22.1: a LOC Network study. Neuro Oncol 2021; 21:1039-1048. [PMID: 31102405 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of extra-nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. PCNSL is a distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with over 95% of tumors belonging to the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) group. We have conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on immunocompetent patients to address the possibility that common genetic variants influence the risk of developing PCNSL. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 2 new GWASs of PCNSL totaling 475 cases and 1134 controls of European ancestry. To increase genomic resolution, we imputed >10 million single nucleotide polymorphisms using the 1000 Genomes Project combined with UK10K as reference. In addition we performed a transcription factor binding disruption analysis and investigated the patterns of local chromatin by Capture Hi-C data. RESULTS We identified independent risk loci at 3p22.1 (rs41289586, ANO10, P = 2.17 × 10-8) and 6p25.3 near EXOC2 (rs116446171, P = 1.95 x 10-13). In contrast, the lack of an association between rs41289586 and DLBCL suggests distinct germline predisposition to PCNSL and DLBCL. We found looping chromatin interactions between noncoding regions at 6p25.3 (rs11646171) with the IRF4 promoter and at 8q24.21 (rs13254990) with the MYC promoter, both genes with strong relevance to B-cell tumorigenesis. CONCLUSION To our knowledge this is the first study providing insight into the genetic predisposition to PCNSL. Our findings represent an important step in defining the contribution of common genetic variation to the risk of developing PCNSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Labreche
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.,(i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Mailys Daniau
- (i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France.,ICM, iGenSeq Platform, Paris, France
| | - Amit Sud
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Louis Royer-Perron
- (i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France.,Neurology Service 2 (Mazarin), Public Assistance-Hospitals of Paris, Hospital Group of Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Amy Holroyd
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Peter Broderick
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Molly Went
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Marion Benazra
- (i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France.,ICM, iGenSeq Platform, Paris, France
| | - Guido Ahle
- Department of Neurology, Colmar Civil Hospitals, Colmar Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Soubeyran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bergnoié Institute, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm Research Unit U1218, Bordeaux, France
| | - Luc Taillandier
- Neuro-oncology Department, Nancy University Hospital and The Center of Research in Automatic Control of Nancy, Joint Research Unit 7039, National Center for Scientific Research, SBS BEAM Department, Nancy University, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Olivier L Chinot
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Timone Hospital, Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Public Assistance-Hospitals of Marseille, Marseille, France.,AMU Research Center in Oncology Biology and Oncopharmacology, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jacques-Olivier Bay
- Department of Hematology, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Department of Hematology, Henri Becquerel Cancer Center, Rouen, France and Inserm U1245, Henri Becquerel Cancer Center, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - Lucie Oberic
- Department of Hematology, University Cancer Institute of Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Gandhi Damaj
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Annie Brion
- Department of Hematology, Regional and University Hospitals Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Karima Mokhtari
- (i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France.,Raymond Escourolle Department of Neuropathology, Public Assistance-Hospitals of Paris, Hospital Group of Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,OncoNeuroTek, ICM, Paris, France
| | | | - Marc Sanson
- (i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France.,Neurology Service 2 (Mazarin), Public Assistance-Hospitals of Paris, Hospital Group of Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France.,OncoNeuroTek, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Houillier
- (i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Carole Soussain
- Department of Hematology, René Huguenin Hospital, Curie Institute, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Khê Hoang-Xuan
- (i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France.,Neurology Service 2 (Mazarin), Public Assistance-Hospitals of Paris, Hospital Group of Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Agusti Alentorn
- (i) National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U 1127, Paris, France, (ii) National Center for Scientific Research, Joint Research Unit 7225, Paris, France, (iii) Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Paris, France, and (iv) Sorbonne University, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France.,Neurology Service 2 (Mazarin), Public Assistance-Hospitals of Paris, Hospital Group of Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris 6, Paris, France
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Wang H, Wang T, Zhang Z, Fan Y, Zhang L, Gao K, Luo S, Xiao Q, Sun C. Simvastatin inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting TMEM16A Ca 2+-activated chloride channel. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:1699-1711. [PMID: 33755783 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ca2+-activated chloride channel TMEM16A has been found to be overexpressed in many cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Nevertheless, the role of TMEM16A in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. Although simvastatin is known to produce anti-tumor effect, the mechanisms by which simvastatin inhibits cancer remain unclear. METHODS In this study, we explored the role of TMEM16A expression in human OSCC tissues using both TCGA dataset and immunohistochemistry. CCK-8 assay was applied to evaluate cell proliferation. Patch clamp technique was applied to record TMEM16A Cl- currents. RESULTS We found that high TMEM16A expression is related with large tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and poor clinical outcome in patients with OSCC. In addition, TMEM16A overexpression could promote cell proliferation, and inhibition of TMEM16A channel activities could suppress cell proliferation in OSCC cells. Furthermore, simvastatin could suppress TMEM16A channel activities, and inhibited cell proliferation in OSCC cells via TMEM16A. CONCLUSION Our findings identify a novel anti-tumor mechanism of simvastatin by targeting TMEM16A. Simvastatin may represent an innovative strategy for treating OSCC with high TMEM16A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hechen Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing Bei Jie, Heping District, Shenyang,, 110002, Liaoning, China.,Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zeying Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing Bei Jie, Heping District, Shenyang,, 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Hospital Infection Management Office, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kuan Gao
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuya Luo
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qinghuan Xiao
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Changfu Sun
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing Bei Jie, Heping District, Shenyang,, 110002, Liaoning, China.
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Li H, Yang Q, Huo S, Du Z, Wu F, Zhao H, Chen S, Yang L, Ma Z, Sui Y. Expression of TMEM16A in Colorectal Cancer and Its Correlation With Clinical and Pathological Parameters. Front Oncol 2021; 11:652262. [PMID: 33816307 PMCID: PMC8017291 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.652262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
TMEM16A is a recently identified calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) and its overexpression contributes to tumorigenesis and progression in several human malignancies. However, little is known about expression of TMEM16A and its clinical significance in colorectal cancer (CRC). TMEM16A mRNA expression was determined by quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR) in 67 CRC tissues and 24 para-carcinoma tissues. TMEM16A protein expression was performed by immunohistochemistry in 80 CRC tissues. The correlation between TMEM16A expression and clinicopathological parameters, and known genes and proteins involved in CRC was analyzed. The results showed that TMEM16A mRNA expression was frequently detected in 51 CRC tissues (76%), whereas TMEM16A protein expression was determined at a relatively lower frequency (26%). TMEM16A mRNA expression in tumor tissues was higher than its expression in normal para-carcinoma tissues (P < 0.05). TMEM16A mRNA expression was significantly correlated with TNM stage (p = 0.039) and status of lymph node metastasis (p = 0.047). In addition, there was a strong positive correlation between TMEM16A mRNA expression and MSH2 protein. More importantly, TMEM16A protein expression was positively associated with KRAS mutation, and negatively correlated with mutant p53 protein. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that TMEM16A mRNA expression was an important independent predictive factor of lymph node metastasis (OR = 16.38, CI: 1.91–140.27, p = 0.01). TMEM16A mRNA and protein expression was not significantly related with patient survival. Our findings provide original evidence demonstrating TMEM16A mRNA expression can be a novel predictive marker of lymph node metastasis and TMEM16A protein expression may be an important regulator of tumor proliferation and metastasis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics of Critical Human Diseases of Jilin Province, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Sibo Huo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of General Surgery, Qian Wei Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenwu Du
- Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics of Critical Human Diseases of Jilin Province, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiyue Zhao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shifan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Longfei Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics of Critical Human Diseases of Jilin Province, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiming Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yujie Sui
- Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics of Critical Human Diseases of Jilin Province, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Chen W, Gu M, Gao C, Chen B, Yang J, Xie X, Wang X, Sun J, Wang J. The Prognostic Value and Mechanisms of TMEM16A in Human Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:542156. [PMID: 33681289 PMCID: PMC7930745 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.542156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As a calcium ion-dependent chloride channel transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) locates on the cell membrane. Numerous research results have shown that TMEM16A is abnormally expressed in many cancers. Mechanically, TMEM16A participates in cancer proliferation and migration by affecting the MAPK and CAMK signaling pathways. Additionally, it is well documented that TMEM16A exerts a regulative impact on the hyperplasia of cancer cells by interacting with EGFR in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), an epithelial growth factor receptor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma respectively. Meanwhile, as an EGFR activator, TMEM16A is considered as an oncogene or a tumor-promoting factor. More and more experimental data showed that down-regulation of TMEM16A or gene targeted therapy may be an effective treatment for cancer. This review summarized its role in various cancers and research advances related to its clinical application included treatment and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Chen
- Anhui Province Children's Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chaobing Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bangjie Chen
- First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junfa Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Anhui Medicine Centralized Procurement Service Center, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Anhui Province Children's Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Kaikkonen E, Takala A, Pursiheimo JP, Wahlström G, Schleutker J. The interactome of the prostate-specific protein Anoctamin 7. Cancer Biomark 2021; 28:91-100. [PMID: 32176628 PMCID: PMC7306890 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) expression is associated with poor survival in prostate cancer patients. OBJECTIVE The aim was to discover proteins that interact with ANO7 to understand its functions and regulatory mechanisms. METHODS The proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) method was utilized. ANO7 fused to biotin ligase was transiently transfected into LNCaP cells, and the biotinylated proteins were collected and analysed by mass spectrometry. Four identified proteins were stained with dual fluorescent immunostaining and visualized using Stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED). RESULTS After bioinformatic filtering steps, 64 potentially ANO7-interacting proteins were identified and analysed with the GO enrichment analysis tool. One of the most prominently enriched cellular components was cellular vesicle. Co-localization was showed for staphylococcal nuclease and tudor domain containing 1 (SND1), heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A (HSPA1A), adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit beta 1 (AP2B1) and coatomer protein complex subunit gamma 2 (COPG2). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study in which ANO7 interacting proteins have been identified. Although further studies are needed, the findings reported here expand our understanding of the role and regulation of ANO7 in prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, these results are likely to introduce new targets for the novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kaikkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Aliisa Takala
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Johanna Schleutker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Genetics, Genomics, Laboratory Division, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Katsurahara K, Shiozaki A, Kosuga T, Shimizu H, Kudou M, Arita T, Konishi H, Komatsu S, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Okamoto K, Kishimoto M, Konishi E, Otsuji E. ANO9 regulates PD-L2 expression and binding ability to PD-1 in gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1026-1037. [PMID: 33404124 PMCID: PMC7935785 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of ANO9 in gastrointestinal cancer remains unclear. We investigated the biological behaviors and clinical prognostic values of ANO9 in gastric cancer (GC). Knockdown experiments were performed on human GC cell lines using ANO9 siRNA. Eighty‐four primary tissue samples from patients with advanced GC were examined immunohistochemically (IHC). Knockdown of ANO9 reduced the progression of cancer cells in MKN7 and MKN74 cells. A microarray analysis revealed that ANO9 regulated PD‐L2 via interferon (IFN)‐related genes. We confirmed using flow cytometry that the depletion of ANO9 reduced the binding ability to PD‐1 by downregulating the expression of PD‐L2 in MKN7 and MKN74 cells. IHC revealed a correlation between the expression of ANO9 and PD‐L2 and also that the strong expression of ANO9 was an independent poor prognostic factor in patients with advanced GC. The present results indicate that ANO9 regulates PD‐L2 and binding ability to PD‐1 via IFN‐related genes in GC. Therefore, ANO9 has potential as a biomarker and target of immune checkpoint blockage (ICB) for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Katsurahara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kudou
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okamoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kishimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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31
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Yoshimoto S, Matsuda M, Kato K, Jimi E, Takeuchi H, Nakano S, Kajioka S, Matsuzaki E, Hirofuji T, Inoue R, Hirata M, Morita H. Volume-regulated chloride channel regulates cell proliferation and is involved in the possible interaction between TMEM16A and LRRC8A in human metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 895:173881. [PMID: 33476655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs), expressed in various cells, play an important role in cell volume regulation. Despite being physiologically defined almost half a century ago, only the molecular candidates of VRAC, TMEM16A, LRRC8A, and bestrophin-1 (BEST1), are known. Here, we aimed to explore the functional significance of VRAC in, HST-1, an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line. METHODS Cell proliferation assays, RT-PCR, Western blot, and flow cytometry were used to estimate changes in gene expression and cell proliferation. Ion channel activity was recorded using the patch-clamp technique. Specific genes were knocked-down by siRNA assays. RESULTS VRAC, identified as a hypotonicity-induced current, was highly functional and associated with the proliferation of HST-1 cells but not of HaCaT (a normal keratinocyte) cells. The pharmacological profile of VRAC in HST-1 was similar to that reported previously. DCPIB, a specific VRAC inhibitor, completely inhibited VRAC and proliferation of HST-1 cells, eventually leading to apoptosis. VRAC in HST-1 was attenuated by the knockdown of TMEM16A and LRRC8A, while knockdown of BEST1 affected cell proliferation. In situ proximity ligation assay showed that TMEM16A and LRRC8A co-localized under isotonic conditions (300 mOsM) but were separated under hypotonic conditions (250 mOsM) on the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS We have found that VRAC acts to regulate the proliferation of human metastatic OSCC cells and the composition of VRAC may involve in the interactions between TMEM16A and LRRC8A in HST-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Yoshimoto
- Section of Pathology, Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 8140193, Japan; Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 8140193, Japan
| | - Miho Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kato
- Department of Nursing, Fukuoka School of Health Sciences, Fukuoka 8140005, Japan
| | - Eijiro Jimi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan; Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeuchi
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 8038580, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakano
- Graduate School of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka 8140198, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kajioka
- Department of Pharmacy in Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 8318501, Japan
| | - Etsuko Matsuzaki
- Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 8140193, Japan; Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Department of Odontology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 8140193, Japan
| | - Takao Hirofuji
- Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 8140193, Japan
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Masato Hirata
- Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 8140193, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Morita
- The Center for Visiting Dental Service, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 8140193, Japan.
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Marx A, Koopmann L, Höflmayer D, Büscheck F, Hube-Magg C, Steurer S, Eichenauer T, Clauditz TS, Wilczak W, Simon R, Sauter G, Izbicki JR, Huland H, Heinzer H, Graefen M, Haese A, Schlomm T, Bernreuther C, Lebok P, Bonk S. Reduced anoctamin 7 (ANO7) expression is a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:245-255. [PMID: 33628598 PMCID: PMC7877177 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) is a calcium2+-dependent chloride ion channel protein. Its expression is restricted to prostate epithelial cells. The exact function is unknown. This study aimed to analyze ANO7 expression and its clinical significance in prostate cancer (PCa). Methods ANO7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 17,747 clinical PCa specimens. Results ANO7 was strongly expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often less abundant in cancer cells. ANO7 staining was interpretable in 13,594 cancer tissues and considered strong in 34.4%, moderate in 48.7%, weak in 9.3%, and negative in 7.6%. Reduced staining was tightly linked to adverse tumor features [high classical and quantitative Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, high Ki67 labeling index, positive surgical margin, and early biochemical recurrence (P < 0.0001 each)]. The univariate Cox hazard ratio for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after prostatectomy in patients with negative vs. strong ANO7 expression was 2.98 (95% confidence interval 2.61-3.38). The prognostic impact was independent of established pre- or postoperatively available parameters (P < 0.0001). Analysis of annotated molecular data showed that low ANO7 expression was linked to TMPRSS2:ERG fusions (P < 0.0001), elevated androgen receptor expression (P < 0.0001), as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions (P < 0.05 each). A particularly strong association of low ANO7 expression with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deletion may indicate a functional relationship with the PTEN/AKT pathway. Conclusions These data identify reduced ANO7 protein expression as a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in PCa. ANO7 measurement, either alone or in combination, might provide clinically useful prognostic information in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Fürth, Fürth 90766, Germany
| | - Lena Koopmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Till Eichenauer
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
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Gasparotto D, Sbaraglia M, Rossi S, Baldazzi D, Brenca M, Mondello A, Nardi F, Racanelli D, Cacciatore M, Paolo Dei Tos A, Maestro R. Tumor genotype, location, and malignant potential shape the immunogenicity of primary untreated gastrointestinal stromal tumors. JCI Insight 2020; 5:142560. [PMID: 33048845 PMCID: PMC7710278 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral immune infiltrate was recently reported in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, the tumor-intrinsic factors that dictate GIST immunogenicity are still largely undefined. To shed light on this issue, a large cohort (82 samples) of primary untreated GISTs, representative of major clinicopathological variables, was investigated by an integrated immunohistochemical, transcriptomic, and computational approach. Our results indicate that tumor genotype, location, and malignant potential concur to shape the immunogenicity of primary naive GISTs. Immune infiltration was greater in overt GISTs compared with that in lesions with limited malignant potential (miniGISTs), in KIT/PDGFRA-mutated tumors compared with that in KIT/PDGFRA WT tumors, and in PDGFRA-mutated compared with KIT-mutated GISTs. Within the KIT-mutated subset, a higher degree of immune colonization was detected in the intestine. Immune hot tumors showed expression patterns compatible with a potentially proficient but curbed antigen-specific immunity, hinting at sensitivity to immunomodulatory treatments. Poorly infiltrated GISTs, primarily KIT/PDGFRA WT intestinal tumors, showed activation of Hedgehog and WNT/β-catenin immune excluding pathways. This finding discloses a potential therapeutic vulnerability, as the targeting of these pathways might prove effective by both inhibiting pro-oncogenic signals and fostering antitumor immune responses. Finally, an intriguing anticorrelation between immune infiltration and ANO1/DOG1 expression was observed, suggesting an immunomodulatory activity for anoctamin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gasparotto
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Marta Sbaraglia
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Treviso General Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Davide Baldazzi
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Monica Brenca
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Alessia Mondello
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Federica Nardi
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Dominga Racanelli
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Matilde Cacciatore
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Treviso General Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Maestro
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
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Design of Anticancer 2,4-Diaminopyrimidines as Novel Anoctamin 1 (ANO1) Ion Channel Blockers. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215180. [PMID: 33172169 PMCID: PMC7664333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrimidine is a privileged scaffold in many synthetic compounds exhibiting diverse pharmacological activities, and is used for therapeutic applications in a broad spectrum of human diseases. In this study, we prepared a small set of pyrimidine libraries based on the structure of two hit compounds that were identified through the screening of an in-house library in order to identify an inhibitor of anoctamin 1 (ANO1). ANO1 is amplified in various types of human malignant tumors, such as head and neck, parathyroid, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors, as well as in breast, lung, and prostate cancers. After initial screening and further structure optimization, we identified Aa3 as a dose-dependent ANO1 blocker. This compound exhibited more potent anti-cancer activity in the NCI-H460 cell line, expressing high levels of ANO1 compared with that in A549 cells that express low levels of ANO1. Our results open a new direction for the development of small-molecule ANO1 blockers composed of a pyrimidine scaffold and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety, with drug-like properties.
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35
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Böhme I, Schönherr R, Eberle J, Bosserhoff AK. Membrane Transporters and Channels in Melanoma. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:269-374. [PMID: 32737752 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has revealed that ion channels and transporters can be important players in tumor development, progression, and therapy resistance in melanoma. For example, members of the ABC family were shown to support cancer stemness-like features in melanoma cells, while several members of the TRP channel family were reported to act as tumor suppressors.Also, many transporter proteins support tumor cell viability and thus suppress apoptosis induction by anticancer therapy. Due to the high number of ion channels and transporters and the resulting high complexity of the field, progress in understanding is often focused on single molecules and is in total rather slow. In this review, we aim at giving an overview about a broad subset of ion transporters, also illustrating some aspects of the field, which have not been addressed in detail in melanoma. In context with the other chapters in this special issue on "Transportome Malfunctions in the Cancer Spectrum," a comparison between melanoma and these tumors will be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Böhme
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Schönherr
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eberle
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Skin Cancer Center Charité, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.
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36
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Nhung LTH, Huong PTM, Anh NT, Tai BH, Nhiem NX, Doan VV, Hoang NH, Seo Y, Kim SH, Kiem PV. Two new norlignans from the aerial parts of Pouzolzia sanguinea (Blume) Merr. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:157-164. [PMID: 32498564 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1771707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two new norlignans, pouzolignan N (1) and pouzolignan O (2), together with five known norlignans, pouzolignan F (3), pouzolignan G (4), pouzolignan H (5), pouzolignan L (6), and gnetifolin F (7) were isolated from the aerial parts of Pouzolzia sanguinea (Blume) Merr. Their chemical structures were elucidated via HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic methods. Absolute configurations at stereocenters were confirmed by comparisons of CD spectra with those of TD-DFT calculations. Compounds 1-6 exhibited chemical structures unique to Pouzolzia species. At a concentration of 30 µM, compounds 1-7 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity toward CAL27 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines (cell viability from 65.3 ± 0.86 to 98.8 ± 1.23%). They also inhibited anoctamin-1 activity with inhibitory rates from 8.1 ± 0.87 to 24.3 ± 1.41%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Hong Nhung
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Mai Huong
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tuan Anh
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Van Doan
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yohan Seo
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
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Targeting of Intracellular TMEM16 Proteins to the Plasma Membrane and Activation by Purinergic Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114065. [PMID: 32517157 PMCID: PMC7312528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anoctamins such as TMEM16A and TMEM16B are Ca2+-dependent Cl− channels activated through purinergic receptor signaling. TMEM16A (ANO1), TMEM16B (ANO2) and TMEM16F (ANO6) are predominantly expressed at the plasma membrane and are therefore well accessible for functional studies. While TMEM16A and TMEM16B form halide-selective ion channels, TMEM16F and probably TMEM16E operate as phospholipid scramblases and nonselective ion channels. Other TMEM16 paralogs are expressed mainly in intracellular compartments and are therefore difficult to study at the functional level. Here, we report that TMEM16E (ANO5), -H (ANO8), -J (ANO9) and K (ANO10) are targeted to the plasma membrane when fused to a C-terminal CAAX (cysteine, two aliphatic amino acids plus methionin, serine, alanin, cystein or glutamin) motif. These paralogs produce Ca2+-dependent ion channels. Surprisingly, expression of the TMEM16 paralogs in the plasma membrane did not produce additional scramblase activity. In contrast, endogenous scrambling induced by stimulation of purinergic P2X7 receptors was attenuated, in parallel with reduced plasma membrane blebbing. This could suggest that intracellular TMEM16 paralogs operate differently when compared to plasma membrane-localized TMEM16F, and may even stabilize intracellular membranes. Alternatively, CAAX tagging, which leads to expression in non-raft compartments of the plasma membrane, may antagonize phosphatidylserine exposure by endogenous raft-located TMEM16F. CAAX-containing constructs may be useful to further investigate the molecular properties of intracellular TMEM16 proteins.
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González-Reymúndez A, Vázquez AI. Multi-omic signatures identify pan-cancer classes of tumors beyond tissue of origin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8341. [PMID: 32433524 PMCID: PMC7239905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in treatment, cancer continues to be one of the most lethal human maladies. One of the challenges of cancer treatment is the diversity among similar tumors that exhibit different clinical outcomes. Most of this variability comes from wide-spread molecular alterations that can be summarized by omic integration. Here, we have identified eight novel tumor groups (C1-8) via omic integration, characterized by unique cancer signatures and clinical characteristics. C3 had the best clinical outcomes, while C2 and C5 had poorest. C1, C7, and C8 were upregulated for cellular and mitochondrial translation, and relatively low proliferation. C6 and C4 were also downregulated for cellular and mitochondrial translation, and had high proliferation rates. C4 was represented by copy losses on chromosome 6, and had the highest number of metastatic samples. C8 was characterized by copy losses on chromosome 11, having also the lowest lymphocytic infiltration rate. C6 had the lowest natural killer infiltration rate and was represented by copy gains of genes in chromosome 11. C7 was represented by copy gains on chromosome 6, and had the highest upregulation in mitochondrial translation. We believe that, since molecularly alike tumors could respond similarly to treatment, our results could inform therapeutic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín González-Reymúndez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ana I Vázquez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Katsurahara K, Shiozaki A, Kosuga T, Kudou M, Shoda K, Arita T, Konishi H, Komatsu S, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Okamoto K, Kishimoto M, Konishi E, Marunaka Y, Otsuji E. ANO9 Regulated Cell Cycle in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:3218-3230. [PMID: 32227267 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have reported the function and activation mechanism of ANO9 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The current study aimed to investigate the role of ANO9 in the regulation of tumor progression. METHODS Knockdown experiments with human ESCC cell lines were performed using ANO9 siRNA, and the effects on cell proliferation, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and cellular movement were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was performed on 57 primary tumor samples obtained from ESCC patients. RESULTS In an in vitro study, depletion of ANO9 reduced cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in KYSE150 and KYSE 790 cells. In the cell cycle analysis, depletion of ANO9 increased the number of cells in G0/G1 arrest. In addition, the knockdown of ANO9 increased apoptosis. The results of the microarray analysis indicated that various centrosome-related genes such as CEP120, CNTRL, and SPAST were up- or downregulated in ANO9-depleted KYSE150 cells. The IHC results showed that high expression of ANO9 was associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study suggest that ANO9 regulates the cell cycle via centrosome-related genes in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Katsurahara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiozaki
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Kosuga
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kudou
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Shoda
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuma Okamoto
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kishimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Institute for Clinical Physiology, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Buchholz B, Eckardt KU. Role of oxygen and the HIF-pathway in polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2020; 69:109524. [PMID: 31904413 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Kidney cyst growth in ADPKD is associated with regional hypoxia, presumably due to a mismatch between enlarged cysts and the peritubular capillary blood supply and compression of peritubular capillaries in cyst walls. Regional hypoxia leads to activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, with the two main HIF isoforms, HIF-1 and HIF-2 expressed in cyst epithelia and pericystic interstitial cells, respectively. While HIF-2 activation is linked to EPO production, mitigating the anemia that normally accompanies chronic kidney disease, HIF-1 promotes cyst growth. HIF-dependent cyst growth is primarily due to an increase in chloride-dependent fluid secretion into the cyst lumen. However, given the broad spectrum of HIF-target genes, additional HIF-mediated pathways may also contribute to cyst progression. Furthermore, hypoxia can influence cyst growth through the generation of reactive oxygen species. Since cyst expansion aggravates regional hypoxia, a feedforward loop is established that accelerates cyst expansion and disease progression. Inhibiting the HIF pathway and/or HIF target genes that are of particular relevance for HIF-dependent cyst fluid secretion may therefore represent novel therapeutic approaches to retard the progression of APDKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern Buchholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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41
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Ion Channel Dysregulation in Head and Neck Cancers: Perspectives for Clinical Application. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:375-427. [PMID: 32789787 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers are a highly complex and heterogeneous group of malignancies that involve very diverse anatomical structures and distinct aetiological factors, treatments and clinical outcomes. Among them, head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are predominant and the sixth most common cancer worldwide with still low survival rates. Omic technologies have unravelled the intricacies of tumour biology, harbouring a large diversity of genetic and molecular changes to drive the carcinogenesis process. Nonetheless, this remarkable heterogeneity of molecular alterations opens up an immense opportunity to discover novel biomarkers and develop molecular-targeted therapies. Increasing evidence demonstrates that dysregulation of ion channel expression and/or function is frequently and commonly observed in a variety of cancers from different origin. As a consequence, the concept of ion channels as potential membrane therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis has attracted growing attention. This chapter intends to comprehensively and critically review the current state-of-art ion channel dysregulation specifically focusing on head and neck cancers and to formulate the major challenges and research needs to translate this knowledge into clinical application. Based on current reported data, various voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels (i.e. Kv3.4, Kv10.1 and Kv11.1) have been found frequently aberrantly expressed in HNSCC as well as precancerous lesions and are highlighted as clinically and biologically relevant features in both early stages of tumourigenesis and late stages of disease progression. More importantly, they also emerge as promising candidates as cancer risk markers, tumour markers and potential anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic targets for therapeutic interventions; however, the oncogenic properties seem to be independent of their ion-conducting function.
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Simões FB, Quaresma MC, Clarke LA, Silva IA, Pankonien I, Railean V, Kmit A, Amaral MD. TMEM16A chloride channel does not drive mucus production. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/6/e201900462. [PMID: 31732694 PMCID: PMC6859295 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being essential for airway hydration, TMEM16A is not required for mucus (MUC5AC) production. Cell proliferation is the main driver for TMEM16A up-regulation during inflammation. Airway mucus obstruction is the main cause of morbidity in cystic fibrosis, a disease caused by mutations in the CFTR Cl− channel. Activation of non-CFTR Cl− channels such as TMEM16A can likely compensate for defective CFTR. However, TMEM16A was recently described as a key driver in mucus production/secretion. Here, we have examined whether indeed there is a causal relationship between TMEM16A and MUC5AC production, the main component of respiratory mucus. Our data show that TMEM16A and MUC5AC are inversely correlated during differentiation of human airway cells. Furthermore, we show for the first time that the IL-4–induced TMEM16A up-regulation is proliferation-dependent, which is supported by the correlation found between TMEM16A and Ki-67 proliferation marker during wound healing. Consistently, the notch signaling activator DLL4 increases MUC5AC levels without inducing changes neither in TMEM16A nor in Ki-67 expression. Moreover, TMEM16A inhibition decreased airway surface liquid height. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that up-regulation of TMEM16A and MUC5AC is only circumstantial under cell proliferation, but with no causal relationship between them. Thus, although essential for airway hydration, TMEM16A is not required for MUC5AC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa B Simões
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida C Quaresma
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luka A Clarke
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Iris Al Silva
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ines Pankonien
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Violeta Railean
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Arthur Kmit
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Portugal
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Kunzelmann K, Centeio R, Wanitchakool P, Cabrita I, Benedetto R, Saha T, Hoque KM, Schreiber R. Control of Ion Transport by Tmem16a Expressed in Murine Intestine. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1262. [PMID: 31680994 PMCID: PMC6797858 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cl– secretion by the human and murine intestinal epithelium occurs through the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr). However, the Ca2+ activated Cl– channel Tmem16a was shown to contribute to Cl– secretion, mainly, but not exclusively, as a basolaterally located Cl– channel that controls basolateral Ca2+ signaling, and thus activation of basolateral Ca2+ dependent Sk4 K+ channels. In intestinal goblet cells, Tmem16a was shown to regulated Ca2+ signals required for exocytosis of mucus. Because a recent report denied the existence and functional role of Tmem16a in murine intestine, we reexamined in detail expression of mRNA and protein for Tmem16a in mouse colon. In experiments using short-circuited Ussing chamber and whole cell patch-clamp techniques, we further compared ion transport in wild type (WT) colon with that in mice with intestinal epithelial specific knockout of Tmem16a. As reported earlier we fully confirm expression of Tmem16a in colonic epithelial cells and the role of Tmem16a for both Ca2+-dependent and cAMP-regulated ion secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kunzelmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Raquel Centeio
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Inês Cabrita
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Roberta Benedetto
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tultul Saha
- Division of Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Kazi Mirajul Hoque
- Division of Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Crottès D, Jan LY. The multifaceted role of TMEM16A in cancer. Cell Calcium 2019; 82:102050. [PMID: 31279157 PMCID: PMC6711484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The calcium-activated chloride channel TMEM16A is intimately linked to cancers. Over decades, TMEM16A over-expression and contribution to prognosis have been widely studied for multiple cancers strengthening the idea that TMEM16A could be a valuable biomarker and a promising therapeutic target. Surprisingly, from the survey of the literature, it appears that TMEM16A has been involved in multiple cancer-related functions and a large number of molecular targets of TMEM16A have been proposed. Thus, TMEM16A appears to be an ion channel with a multifaceted role in cancers. In this review, we summarize the latest development regarding TMEM16A contribution to cancers. We will survey TMEM16A contribution in cancer prognosis, the origins of its over-expression in cancer cells, the multiple biological functions and molecular pathways regulated by TMEM16A. Then, we will consider the question regarding the molecular mechanism of TMEM16A in cancers and the possible basis for the multifaceted role of TMEM16A in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crottès
- Departments of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Lily Yeh Jan
- Departments of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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45
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Valdivieso ÁG, Santa‐Coloma TA. The chloride anion as a signalling effector. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:1839-1856. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ángel G. Valdivieso
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical SciencesPontifical Catholic University of Argentina Buenos Aires 1107 Argentina
- The National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) Buenos Aires 1107 Argentina
| | - Tomás A. Santa‐Coloma
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical SciencesPontifical Catholic University of Argentina Buenos Aires 1107 Argentina
- The National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) Buenos Aires 1107 Argentina
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Kunzelmann K, Ousingsawat J, Benedetto R, Cabrita I, Schreiber R. Contribution of Anoctamins to Cell Survival and Cell Death. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E382. [PMID: 30893776 PMCID: PMC6468699 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Before anoctamins (TMEM16 proteins) were identified as a family of Ca2+-activated chloride channels and phospholipid scramblases, the founding member anoctamin 1 (ANO1, TMEM16A) was known as DOG1, a marker protein for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Meanwhile, ANO1 has been examined in more detail, and the role of ANO1 in cell proliferation and the development of different types of malignomas is now well established. While ANO5, ANO7, and ANO9 may also be relevant for growth of cancers, evidence has been provided for a role of ANO6 (TMEM16F) in regulated cell death. The cellular mechanisms by which anoctamins control cell proliferation and cell death, respectively, are just emerging; however, the pronounced effects of anoctamins on intracellular Ca2+ levels are likely to play a significant role. Recent results suggest that some anoctamins control membrane exocytosis by setting Ca2+i levels near the plasma membrane, and/or by controlling the intracellular Cl- concentration. Exocytosis and increased membrane trafficking induced by ANO1 and ANO6 may enhance membrane expression of other chloride channels, such as CFTR and volume activated chloride channels (VRAC). Notably, ANO6-induced phospholipid scrambling with exposure of phosphatidylserine is pivotal for the sheddase function of disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM). This may support cell death and tumorigenic activity of IL-6 by inducing IL-6 trans-signaling. The reported anticancer effects of the anthelminthic drug niclosamide are probably related to the potent inhibitory effect on ANO1, apart from inducing cell cycle arrest through the Let-7d/CDC34 axis. On the contrary, pronounced activation of ANO6 due to a large increase in intracellular calcium, activation of phospholipase A2 or lipid peroxidation, can lead to ferroptotic death of cancer cells. It therefore appears reasonable to search for both inhibitors and potent activators of TMEM16 in order to interfere with cancer growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kunzelmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Jiraporn Ousingsawat
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Roberta Benedetto
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Ines Cabrita
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Kunzelmann K, Ousingsawat J, Cabrita I, Doušová T, Bähr A, Janda M, Schreiber R, Benedetto R. TMEM16A in Cystic Fibrosis: Activating or Inhibiting? Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:3. [PMID: 30761000 PMCID: PMC6362895 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory airway disease cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by airway obstruction due to mucus hypersecretion, airway plugging, and bronchoconstriction. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel is dysfunctional in CF, leading to defects in epithelial transport. Although CF pathogenesis is still disputed, activation of alternative Cl- channels is assumed to improve lung function in CF. Two suitable non-CFTR Cl- channels are present in the airway epithelium, the Ca2+ activated channel TMEM16A and SLC26A9. Activation of these channels is thought to be feasible to improve hydration of the airway mucus and to increase mucociliary clearance. Interestingly, both channels are upregulated during inflammatory lung disease. They are assumed to support fluid secretion, necessary to hydrate excess mucus and to maintain mucus clearance. During inflammation, however, TMEM16A is upregulated particularly in mucus producing cells, with only little expression in ciliated cells. Recently it was shown that knockout of TMEM16A in ciliated cells strongly compromises Cl- conductance and attenuated mucus secretion, but does not lead to a CF-like lung disease and airway plugging. Along this line, activation of TMEM16A by denufosol, a stable purinergic ligand, failed to demonstrate any benefit to CF patients in earlier studies. It rather induced adverse effects such as cough. A number of studies suggest that TMEM16A is essential for mucus secretion and possibly also for mucus production. Evidence is now provided for a crucial role of TMEM16A in fusion of mucus-filled granules with the apical plasma membrane and cellular exocytosis. This is probably due to local Ca2+ signals facilitated by TMEM16A. Taken together, TMEM16A supports fluid secretion by ciliated airway epithelial cells, but also maintains excessive mucus secretion during inflammatory airway disease. Because TMEM16A also supports airway smooth muscle contraction, inhibition rather than activation of TMEM16A might be the appropriate treatment for CF lung disease, asthma and COPD. As a number of FDA-approved and well-tolerated drugs have been shown to inhibit TMEM16A, evaluation in clinical trials appears timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kunzelmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Inês Cabrita
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tereza Doušová
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Andrea Bähr
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München, München, Germany
| | - Melanie Janda
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Roberta Benedetto
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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48
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Schreiber R, Buchholz B, Kraus A, Schley G, Scholz J, Ousingsawat J, Kunzelmann K. Lipid Peroxidation Drives Renal Cyst Growth In Vitro through Activation of TMEM16A. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:228-242. [PMID: 30606785 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transepithelial chloride- secretion, through the chloride channels cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and TMEM16A (anoctamin 1), drives cyst enlargement in polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Polycystic kidneys are hypoxic, and oxidative stress activates TMEM16A. However, mechanisms for channel activation in PKD remain obscure. METHODS Using tissue samples from patients with autosomal dominant PKD, embryonic kidney cultures, and an MDCK in vitro cyst model, we assessed peroxidation of plasma membrane phospholipids in human and mouse polycystic kidneys. We also used electrophysiologic Ussing chamber and patch clamp experiments to analyze activation of TMEM16A and growth of renal cysts. RESULTS Peroxidation of phospholipids in human and mouse kidneys as well as MDCK cysts in vitro is probably due to enhanced levels of reactive oxygen species. Lipid peroxidation correlated with increased cyst volume as shown in renal cultures and MDCK cysts in three-dimensional cultures. Reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation strongly activated TMEM16A, leading to depletion of calcium ion stores and store-operated calcium influx. Activation of TMEM16A- and CFTR-dependent chloride secretion strongly augmented cyst growth. Exposure to scavengers of reactive oxygen species, such as glutathione, coenzyme Q10, or idebenone (a synthetic coenzyme Q10 homolog), as well as inhibition of oxidative lipid damage by ferrostatin-1 largely reduced activation of TMEM16A. Inhibition of TMEM16A reduced proliferation and fluid secretion in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that activation of TMEM16A by lipid peroxidation drives growth of renal cysts. We propose direct inhibition of TMEM16A or inhibition of lipid peroxidation as potentially powerful therapeutic approaches to delay cyst development in PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Schreiber
- Department of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; and
| | - Björn Buchholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andre Kraus
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Schley
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Scholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Karl Kunzelmann
- Department of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; and
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Prevarskaya N, Skryma R, Shuba Y. Ion Channels in Cancer: Are Cancer Hallmarks Oncochannelopathies? Physiol Rev 2018; 98:559-621. [PMID: 29412049 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00044.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is a primary cause and fundamental feature of human cancer. However, all cancer cell genotypes generally translate into several common pathophysiological features, often referred to as cancer hallmarks. Although nowadays the catalog of cancer hallmarks is quite broad, the most common and obvious of them are 1) uncontrolled proliferation, 2) resistance to programmed cell death (apoptosis), 3) tissue invasion and metastasis, and 4) sustained angiogenesis. Among the genes affected by cancer, those encoding ion channels are present. Membrane proteins responsible for signaling within cell and among cells, for coupling of extracellular events with intracellular responses, and for maintaining intracellular ionic homeostasis ion channels contribute to various extents to pathophysiological features of each cancer hallmark. Moreover, tight association of these hallmarks with ion channel dysfunction gives a good reason to classify them as special type of channelopathies, namely oncochannelopathies. Although the relation of cancer hallmarks to ion channel dysfunction differs from classical definition of channelopathies, as disease states causally linked with inherited mutations of ion channel genes that alter channel's biophysical properties, in a broader context of the disease state, to which pathogenesis ion channels essentially contribute, such classification seems absolutely appropriate. In this review the authors provide arguments to substantiate such point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Prevarskaya
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
| | - Roman Skryma
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav Shuba
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
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Falzone ME, Malvezzi M, Lee BC, Accardi A. Known structures and unknown mechanisms of TMEM16 scramblases and channels. J Gen Physiol 2018; 150:933-947. [PMID: 29915161 PMCID: PMC6028493 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201711957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Falzone et al. interpret the mechanisms underlying the activity of TMEM16 family members from recent structural and functional work. The TMEM16 family of membrane proteins is composed of both Ca2+-gated Cl− channels and Ca2+-dependent phospholipid scramblases. The functional diversity of TMEM16s underlies their involvement in numerous signal transduction pathways that connect changes in cytosolic Ca2+ levels to cellular signaling networks. Indeed, defects in the function of several TMEM16s cause a variety of genetic disorders, highlighting their fundamental pathophysiological importance. Here, we review how our mechanistic understanding of TMEM16 function has been shaped by recent functional and structural work. Remarkably, the recent determination of near-atomic-resolution structures of TMEM16 proteins of both functional persuasions has revealed how relatively minimal rearrangements in the substrate translocation pathway are sufficient to precipitate the dramatic functional differences that characterize the family. These structures, when interpreted in the light of extensive functional analysis, point to an unusual mechanism for Ca2+-dependent activation of TMEM16 proteins in which substrate permeation is regulated by a combination of conformational rearrangements and electrostatics. These breakthroughs pave the way to elucidate the mechanistic bases of ion and lipid transport by the TMEM16 proteins and unravel the molecular links between these transport activities and their function in human pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Falzone
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY
| | - Mattia Malvezzi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY
| | - Byoung-Cheol Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY
| | - Alessio Accardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY .,Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY.,Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY
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